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Park S, Son H. Joint associations of sedentary behavior and domain-specific physical activity on C-reactive protein in Korea. Prev Med 2024; 182:107944. [PMID: 38588827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) exert opposing effects on inflammatory markers. This study examined the associations of a more subdivided combination of PA and SB with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Using the 2014-2019 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, this cross-sectional study analyzed 20,541 adults. The independent variables were SB, defined as ≥10 h of sitting per day, and three domains of PA: occupational PA (OPA) during work, leisure-time PA (LPA) during leisure time, and transportation PA (TPA) or active commuting. The dependent variable was hs-CRP ≥ 1.0 mg/L. Besides exploring the individual association of SB and each PA with hs-CRP, the combined association of SB and each PA with hs-CRP was also examined using multiple logistic regression. The analyses indicated that concurrent exposure to SB and OPA (odds ratio [OR] 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02-1.80) significantly raised the likelihood of increased hs-CRP, while SB without LPA (OR 1.26, 95% CI 1.11-1.41) or TPA (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.08-1.31) significantly increased risk of higher hs-CRP, compared to their respective reference. The absence of non-occupational PA such as LPA or TPA combined with SB was associated with the increased hs-CRP risk, whereas OPA increased the risk when present concurrently with SB. Reducing SB and OPA while increasing LPA and TPA, is necessary to reduce inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjin Park
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Gwanghwamun Center, Korea Medical Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heeseung Son
- Occupational and Environmental Medical Center, Cheonan Woori Hospital, Cheonan, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Seino S, Abe T, Nofuji Y, Hata T, Shinkai S, Kitamura A, Fujiwara Y. Dose-response associations between physical activity and sedentary time with functional disability in older adults with or without frailty: a prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1357618. [PMID: 38721536 PMCID: PMC11076770 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1357618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Evidence regarding the dose-response curve shapes of physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (ST) in older adults with functional disability (FD) is extremely limited. Moreover, these associations may differ depending on with/without frailty. We examined the dose-response associations between moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and ST with FD among older adults with/without frailty. Methods We included 7,480 initially nondisabled adults (3,795 men and 3,685 women) aged 65-84 years in Ota City, Tokyo, Japan. MVPA and ST were evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. FD was prospectively identified using a nationally unified database of the long-term care insurance system. Frailty was determined using Check-List 15, validated against Fried's frailty criteria. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of MVPA and ST for FD were calculated, and dose-response curves were examined using restricted cubic splines. Results During 3.6 years of follow-up, 1,001 (13.4%) participants had FD. Among all participants, compared with no MVPA, the HRs for FD reduced linearly up to approximately 2000 metabolic equivalents (METs)■min/week of MVPA, and the lowest HR (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.51-0.74) was reached at around 3,000-4,000 METs■min/week. Although the shape of this association was consistent regardless of with/without frailty, the magnitude of the association tended to be stronger in frail older adults than in non-frail older adults. Compared with those for the median (300 min/day) of ST, the HRs for FD increased linearly as ST reached approximately 600 min/day or more, independent of MVPA, with a maximum HR of 1.31 (95% CI: 1.01-1.71) for 1,080 min/day among all participants. This association was more pronounced among non-frail older adults but not statistically significant among frail older adults. Conclusion Higher MVPA levels consistently reduced the incidence of FD regardless of frailty in a significant inverse nonlinear dose-response manner. A significant positive nonlinear dose-response association between ST and FD risk was identified among non-frail older adults but not among frail older adults. Increasing MVPA and reducing prolonged ST are important for preventing FD among non-frail older adults. However, reducing ST alone may be insufficient; increasing MVPA, even if by only small increments, is highly recommended for frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Seino
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takumi Abe
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Hata
- The Tokyo Metropolitan Support Center for Preventative Long-term and Frail Elderly Care, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoji Shinkai
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, Kagawa Nutrition University, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kitamura
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
- Health Town Development Science Center, Yao City Public Health Center, Yao City, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fujiwara
- Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan
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Cândido LM, de Avelar NCP, D'Orsi E, Lacerda ACR, Mendonça VA, Tringali G, Sartorio A, Danielewicz AL. Association Between Typologies of Sedentary Behavior and Muscle Strength, Gait Speed, and Balance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:225-235. [PMID: 38134899 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of how the different types of sedentary behaviors (SB) are associated with functional limitations can guide professionals who work with older adults on better recommendations about the amount of daily time that should be encouraged in each type of SB. The objective was to estimate the associations between two SB typologies (SB television [TV] and SB computer/internet) and the presence of handgrip strength, lower limb strength, gait speed, and balance limitations in Brazilian community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional study with 1,298 community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years). SB was assessed by self-reporting daily time spent watching TV or using computer/internet (categorized into <2, 3-4, and ≥5 hr/day). Outcomes were handgrip strength, lower limb strength, gait speed, and balance limitations considering referenced cutoff points. Older adults in SB TV ≥5 hr/day had 1.75 (95% confidence interval [CI] [1.07, 2.86]) and 1.88 (95% CI [1.02, 3.46]) times more chances of handgrip strength and gait speed limitations, respectively. On the other hand, those who spent 3-4 and ≥5 hr/day in SB computer/internet had 0.45 (95% CI [0.20, 0.99]) and 0.37 (95% CI [0.15, 0.93]) had less chances of lower limb strength and balance limitations, respectively. In conclusion, functional limitations would be associated differently depending on the type of SB in the older adults sampled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Martins Cândido
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Núbia Carelli Pereira de Avelar
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
| | - Eleonora D'Orsi
- Department of Public Health, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Amaral Mendonça
- Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Tringali
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Alessandro Sartorio
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
| | - Ana Lúcia Danielewicz
- Department of Health Sciences, Laboratory of Aging, Resources and Rheumatology, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Araranguá, Brazil
- Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Piancavallo-Verbania, Italy
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Chen T, Chen S, Honda T, Kishimoto H, Nofuji Y, Narazaki K. Accelerometer-measured sedentary behavior and risk of functional disability in older Japanese adults: a 9-year prospective cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:91. [PMID: 37496006 PMCID: PMC10369703 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The associations of sedentary time and patterns with functional disability among older adults remain unclear, and few studies have accounted for the co-dependency of sedentary behavior and physical activities when modeling sedentary behavior with risk of functional disability. We aimed to examine the associations between sedentary time and patterns and risk of incident functional disability, and assess whether replacing sedentary time with light physical activity (LPA) or moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) is associated with reduced risk of functional disability in community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A total of 1,687 Japanese adults aged ≥ 65 years without functional disability at baseline were prospectively followed-up for 9 years (2011-2020). Functional disability was ascertained using the national database of Japan's Long-term Care Insurance System. Sedentary time and patterns, LPA, and MVPA were measured using a tri-axial accelerometer secured to participants' waists. RESULTS During follow-up, 466 participants developed functional disability. Compared with the lowest quartile of total sedentary time, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of functional disability for the second, third, and top quartiles were 1.21 (0.91‒1.62), 1.45 (1.10‒1.92), and 1.40 (1.05‒1.88) (p for trend = 0.01). After further adjusting for MVPA, total sedentary time was no longer significantly associated with the risk of functional disability (p for trend = 0.41). Replacing 10 min/day of sedentary time with the same amount of MVPA (but not LPA) was significantly associated with a 12% reduced risk of functional disability (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.88 [0.84‒0.92]). No significant association was observed between sedentary bout length and functional disability. CONCLUSION Higher levels of total sedentary time were associated with an increased risk of incident functional disability. However, this association was not independent of MVPA. Replacing sedentary time with MVPA, but not LPA, was associated with reduced risk of functional disability in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Chen
- Sports and Health Research Center, Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai, 200-092, China
| | - Sanmei Chen
- Global Health Nursing, Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami Ward, Hiroshima, 734-8553, Japan
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiro Kishimoto
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka Nishi-Ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yu Nofuji
- Research Team for Social Participation and Healthy Aging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae, Itabashi, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Kenji Narazaki
- Center for Liberal Arts, Fukuoka Institute of Technology, 3-30-1 Wajiro-Higashi, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka, 811-0295, Japan.
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Garn AC, Simonton KL. Prolonged Sitting in University Students: An Intra-Individual Study Exploring Physical Activity Value as a Deterrent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1891. [PMID: 36767258 PMCID: PMC9915133 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
University students are a subpopulation of young adults highly susceptible to prolonged bouts of sitting. The purpose of this study was to investigate university students' intra-individual patterns of prolonged daily sitting, exploring gender and physical activity value beliefs as covariates. A total of 71 students reported the number of days each week they spent in bouts of prolonged sitting (2 + continuous hours) over a five-week timeframe. The findings revealed that at the beginning of the study, the students spent about four days per week in prolonged bouts of sitting although there was substantial variability in the sample. Intra-individual changes over the five weeks occurred in a non-linear fashion with a variability in these trajectories. Men reported approximately one less day of prolonged sitting per week although gender did not predict changes over time. Physical activity value beliefs were negatively related to prolonged bouts of sitting when averaged across time. The results illustrate the variable nature of prolonged sitting in university student populations, highlighting the need for implementing individualized intervention strategies targeting sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex C. Garn
- School of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kelly L. Simonton
- Division of Kinesiology and Health, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
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Nuwere E, Barone Gibbs B, Toto PE, Taverno Ross SE. Planning for a Healthy Aging Program to Reduce Sedentary Behavior: Perceptions among Diverse Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106068. [PMID: 35627604 PMCID: PMC9140959 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Reducing prolonged engagement in sedentary behavior is increasingly considered a viable pathway to older-adult health and continued functional ability. Community-based programs that aim to increase physical activity can improve programs' acceptability by integrating older adults' perspectives on sedentary behavior and healthy aging into their design. The purpose of this study was to better understand the perceptions of a diverse group of community-dwelling older adults regarding sedentary behavior and its influence on healthy aging. Six focus group discussions with forty-six participants took place across two senior centers in New York City. Self-report questionnaires about daily activity patterns, general health status, and typical sedentary behaviors were also completed by the participants and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The focus group discussions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive and deductive approaches and an ecological framework to identify salient themes. A qualitative analysis revealed that the participants were aware of the physical costs of engaging in prolonged sedentary behavior. However, many routine sedentary activities were perceived to be health-promoting and of psychological, cognitive, or social value. The insights gained can inform the development of senior-center programs and health-promotion messaging strategies that aim to reduce older adults' sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efekona Nuwere
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Long Island University, 1 University Plaza, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (B.B.G.); (S.E.T.R.)
| | - Pamela E. Toto
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA;
| | - Sharon E. Taverno Ross
- Department of Health and Human Development, University of Pittsburgh, 4200 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA; (B.B.G.); (S.E.T.R.)
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Alsop T, Williams K, Gomersall S. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour in People with Myasthenia Gravis: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 9:137-146. [PMID: 34633330 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite improvements in the medical management of myasthenia gravis (MG) in recent years, patients continue to report poor health and wellbeing outcomes such as high levels of fatigue, reduced quality of life (QoL), walking limitation and lowered balance confidence. Physical activity has been shown to be associated with these outcomes in other populations, however, there has been limited research in adults with MG. OBJECTIVE To describe physical activity and sedentary behaviour in adults with MG and to explore associations between these behaviours and fatigue, QoL, balance confidence and walking limitation. METHODS A self-report online survey was used to assess physical activity, sedentary behaviour, fatigue, QoL, balance confidence and walking limitation in adults with MG. Multiple linear regression was used to examine associations and descriptive statistics were used to analyse participant characteristics, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. RESULTS Eighty-five adults with MG were included (mean age 48±16 years). Over half of participants (n = 53, 62.4%) reported sufficient physical activity to meet public health guidelines. Participants reported an average of 9 h/day of sedentary time (mean 9.0±3.5). Physical activity and fatigue (R2 = 0.196), QoL (R2 = 0.330), walking limitation (R2 = 0.305) and balance confidence (R2 = 0.304) were significantly (p < 0.05) and positively correlated, with no associations found for sedentary behaviour. When patterns of physical activity and sedentary behaviour were combined, lower fatigue (R2 = 0.213), higher QoL (R2 = 0.364), reduced walking limitation (R2 = 0.341) and higher balance confidence (R2 = 0.279) was observed in patients who had greater physical activity levels (> 150 mins/week) and lower sedentary time (< 10 h/day). CONCLUSIONS Higher physical activity and lower sedentary behaviour is associated with favorable health and wellbeing outcomes in adults with MG. Further research is required to ascertain whether these behaviours may be an appropriate target intervention to improve outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahlia Alsop
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katrina Williams
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sjaan Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Associations Between Perceived Neighborhood Walkability and Device-Based Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Patterns in Older Adults. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:98-106. [PMID: 34388701 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Neighborhood walkability has been associated with self-reported sedentary behavior (SB) and self-reported and objective physical activity. However, self-reported measures of SB are inaccurate and can lead to biased estimates, and few studies have examined how associations differ by gender and age. The authors examined the relationships between perceived neighborhood walkability measured with the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale (scored 1.0-4.0) and device-based SB and physical activity in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults (N = 1,077). The authors fit linear regression models adjusting for device wear time, demographics, self-rated health, and accounting for probability of participation. The Higher Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale was associated with higher steps (+676 steps/point on the Physical Activity Neighborhood Environment Scale, p = .001) and sit-to-stand transitions (+2.4 transitions/point, p = .018). Though not statistically significant, stratified analyses suggest an attenuation of effect for those aged 85 years and older and for women. Consistent with previous literature, neighborhood walkability was associated with more steps, though not with physical activity time. The neighborhood environment may also influence SB.
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Turrell G, Nathan A, Burton NW, Brown WJ, McElwee P, Barnett AG, Pachana NA, Oldenburg B, Rachele JN, Giskes K, Giles-Corti B. Cohort Profile: HABITAT-a longitudinal multilevel study of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and health and functioning in mid-to-late adulthood. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 50:730-731h. [PMID: 33247900 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Turrell
- Centre for Urban Research, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Nicola W Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Wendy J Brown
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Paul McElwee
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Adrian G Barnett
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nancy A Pachana
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jerome N Rachele
- College of Health and Biomedicine, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Katrina Giskes
- School of Medicine, University of Notre Dame, Sydney, Australia.,Heart Research Institute, Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Park JH, Moon JH, Kim HJ, Kong MH, Oh YH. Sedentary Lifestyle: Overview of Updated Evidence of Potential Health Risks. Korean J Fam Med 2020; 41:365-373. [PMID: 33242381 PMCID: PMC7700832 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.20.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 208] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
One-third of the global population aged 15 years and older engages in insufficient physical activities, which affects health. However, the health risks posed by sedentary behaviors are not well known. The mean daily duration of sedentary behavior is 8.3 hours among the Korean population and 7.7 hours among the American adult population. Sedentary lifestyles are spreading worldwide because of a lack of available spaces for exercise, increased occupational sedentary behaviors such as office work, and the increased penetration of television and video devices. Consequently, the associated health problems are on the rise. A sedentary lifestyle affects the human body through various mechanisms. Sedentary behaviors reduce lipoprotein lipase activity, muscle glucose, protein transporter activities, impair lipid metabolism, and diminish carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, it decreases cardiac output and systemic blood flow while activating the sympathetic nervous system, ultimately reducing insulin sensitivity and vascular function. It also alters the insulin-like growth factor axis and the circulation levels of sex hormones, which elevates the incidence of hormone-related cancers. Increased sedentary time impairs the gravitostat, the body's weight homeostat, and weight gain, adiposity, and elevated chronic inflammation caused by sedentary behavior are risk factors for cancer. Sedentary behaviors have wide-ranging adverse impacts on the human body including increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer risk, and risks of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; musculoskeletal disorders such as arthralgia and osteoporosis; depression; and, cognitive impairment. Therefore, reducing sedentary behaviors and increasing physical activity are both important to promote public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Ha Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Moon
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Hyeon Ju Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Mi Hee Kong
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
| | - Yun Hwan Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju, Korea
- Department of Family Medicine, Jeju National University School of Medicine, Jeju, Korea
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Fanning J, Rejeski WJ, Chen SH, Nicklas BJ, Walkup MP, Axtell RS, Fielding RA, Glynn NW, King AC, Manini TM, McDermott MM, Newman AB, Pahor M, Tudor-Locke C, Miller ME. A Case for Promoting Movement Medicine: Preventing Disability in the LIFE Randomized Controlled Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:1821-1827. [PMID: 30778518 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glz050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The movement profile of older adults with compromised function is unknown, as is the relationship between these profiles and the development of major mobility disability (MMD)-a critical clinical outcome. We first describe the dimensions of movement in older adults with compromised function and then examine whether these dimensions predict the onset of MMD. METHODS Older adults at risk for MMD (N = 1,022, mean age = 78.7 years) were randomized to receive a structured physical activity intervention or health education control. We assessed MMD in 6-month intervals (average follow-up of 2.2 years until incident MMD), with activity assessed at baseline, 6-, 12- and 24-month follow-up via accelerometry. RESULTS A principal components analysis of 11 accelerometer-derived metrics yielded three components representing lifestyle movement (LM), extended bouts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and stationary body posture. LM accounted for the greatest proportion of variance in movement (53%). Within health education, both baseline LM (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.62 to 0.88) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (HR = 0.69; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.87) were associated with MMD, whereas only LM was associated with MMD within physical activity (HR = 0.74; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.89). There were similar nonlinear relationships present for LM in both physical activity and health education (p < .04), whereby risk for MMD was lower among individuals with higher levels of LM. CONCLUSIONS Both LM and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity should be central in treatment regimens for older adults at risk for MMD. TRIAL REGISTRATION clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT01072500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Fanning
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina.,Department of internal medicine, section on gerontology and geriatric medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - W Jack Rejeski
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Shyh-Huei Chen
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Barbara J Nicklas
- Department of internal medicine, section on gerontology and geriatric medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Michael P Walkup
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Robert S Axtell
- Department of Exercise Science, Southern Connecticut State University, New Haven
| | - Roger A Fielding
- Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Nutrition, Exercise Physiology and Sarcopenia Laboratory, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nancy W Glynn
- Department of epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Abby C King
- Department of Health Research and Policy and Stanford Prevention Research Center, Palo Alto, California
| | - Todd M Manini
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Mary M McDermott
- Devision of General Internal medicine and Geriatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Anne B Newman
- Department Epidemiology and Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Marco Pahor
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Catrine Tudor-Locke
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts
| | - Michael E Miller
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Katzmarzyk PT, Powell KE, Jakicic JM, Troiano RP, Piercy K, Tennant B. Sedentary Behavior and Health: Update from the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1227-1241. [PMID: 31095080 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an overview of relationships between sedentary behavior and mortality as well as incidence of several noncommunicable diseases and weight status reported in the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Scientific Report (2018 PAGAC Scientific Report), and to update the evidence from recent studies. METHODS Evidence related to sedentary behavior in the 2018 PAGAC Scientific Report was summarized, and a systematic review was undertaken to identify original studies published between January 2017 and February 2018. RESULTS The 2018 PAGAC Scientific Report concluded there was strong evidence that high amounts of sedentary behavior increase the risk for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and incident CVD and type 2 diabetes. Moderate evidence indicated sedentary behavior is associated with incident endometrial, colon and lung cancer. Limited evidence suggested sedentary behavior is associated with cancer mortality and weight status. There was strong evidence that the hazardous effects of sedentary behavior are more pronounced in physically inactive people. Evidence was insufficient to determine if bout length or breaks in sedentary behavior are associated with health outcomes. The new literature search yielded seven new studies for all-cause mortality, two for CVD mortality, two for cancer mortality, four for type 2 diabetes, one for weight status, and four for cancer; no new studies were identified for CVD incidence. Results of the new studies supported the conclusions in the 2018 PAGAC Scientific Report. CONCLUSIONS The results of the updated search add further evidence on the association between sedentary behavior and health. Further research is required on how sex, age, race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and weight status may modify associations between sedentary behavior and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - John M Jakicic
- Department of Health and Physical Activity, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Richard P Troiano
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
| | - Katrina Piercy
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
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Liang Y, Xu X, Yin M, Li Y, Zhang Y, Huang L, Ni J. A more comprehensive investigation of disability and associated factors among older adults receiving home-based care in rural Dongguan, China. BMC Geriatr 2018; 18:158. [PMID: 29976138 PMCID: PMC6034336 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-018-0852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background No previous study has evaluated disability in older persons according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Framework guidelines. We conducted a more comprehensive investigation of disability and associated factors among older adults receiving home-based care in rural Dongguan, a city in the central Guangdong Province of Southern China. Methods A total of 819 individuals aged ≥60 years were recruited from Dongguan home-based care system of via a two-stage selection process. We interviewed participants and assessed their ability level using the Ability Assessment for Older Adults, which defined by a combination of activity of daily living, sensory perception, mental status and social involvement. Conditional probability and Logistic regression approaches were used to assess the strength of association between each pair of conditions. Factors significantly associated with disability were identified via χ2 tests and multinomial ordinal logistic regression. Results Of the 819 included participants (mean age 87 ±4.7 years), 75.5% were female, 76.7% had any disability, and 62.3% had a mild disability. The occurrence of any deficits significantly increased the likelihood of the co-occurrence of other deficits (odds ratio [OR] > 1, P < 0.05), with the lowest prevalence odds ratio observed among individuals with sensory and communication deficiency (OR: 2.99; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.21–4.05). Multivariable ordinal logistic regression analysis indicated that physical activity (OR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.93–0.99), sedentary behavior (OR: 1.25; 95% CI: 1.13–1.38), not watching television (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.07–2.72) and age (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02–1.17) were significantly associated with disability. Conclusions Impairment of ADL, sensory perception, mental status or social involvement increased the likelihood of risk of the co-occurrence of other deficits. Comprehensive disability among older adults receiving home-based care is associated with age, sedentariness, physical activity and TV viewing. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12877-018-0852-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaojia Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Mingjuan Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yulian Li
- Da Lang Community Health Service Center, Dongguan, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Lingfeng Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jindong Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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