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Kim JH, Thiruvengadam R. Hypertension in an ageing population: Diagnosis, mechanisms, collateral health risks, treatments, and clinical challenges. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102344. [PMID: 38768716 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Ageing population is considerably increasing worldwide, which is considered to reflect an improved quality of life. However, longevity in the human lifespan has increased the burden of late-life illnesses including cancer, neurodegeneration, and cardiovascular dysfunction. Of these, hypertension is the most common condition with huge health risks, with an increased prevalence among the elderly. In this review, we outline the current guidelines for defining hypertension and examine the detailed mechanisms underlying the relationship between hypertension and ageing-related outcomes, including sodium sensitivity, arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, isolated systolic hypertension, white coat effect, and orthostatic hypertension. As hypertension-related collateral health risk increases among the elderly, the available management strategies are necessary to overcome the clinical treatment challenges faced among elderly population. To improve longevity and reduce adverse health effects, potential approaches producing crucial information into new era of medicine should be considered in the prevention and treatment of hypertension among elderly population. This review provides an overview of mechanisms underlying hypertension and its related collateral health risk in elderly population, along with multiple approaches and management strategies to improve the clinical challenges among elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Rekha Thiruvengadam
- Department of Integrative Bioscience & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, the Republic of Korea
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Schwager LE, Helwig NJ, Rogers EM, Banks NF, Alpers JP, Schulte SL, Lockwood CM, Jenkins NDM. Novel Energy Drink Improves Cognitive Function and Mood, without Influencing Myocardial Oxygen Demand or Ventricular Repolarization in Adult Gamers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024; 43:33-47. [PMID: 37186677 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2207096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the efficacy of acute consumption of a novel energy drink (C4S) versus placebo for improving cognitive and gaming performance and mood. Secondarily, we examined the cardiovascular safety profile of acute C4S consumption. METHODS Forty-five healthy, young adult video gamers completed two experimental visits in randomized order where they consumed either C4S or a placebo and then completed a validated battery of neurocognitive tests, played five video games, and completed a mood state survey. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram measurements were taken at baseline and repeated throughout each visit. RESULTS Acute consumption of C4S improved cognitive flexibility (absolute mean or median difference [95% CI] = +4.3 [2.2-6.4]; p < 0.001; d = 0.63), executive function (+4.3 [2.3-6.3]; p < 0.001; d = 0.63), sustained attention (+2.1 [0.6-3.6]; p = 0.01; d = 0.44), motor speed (+2.9 [0.8-4.9]; p < 0.001; d = 0.44), psychomotor speed (+3.9 [0.1-7.7]; p = 0.04; d = 0.32) working memory (+1.0 [0.1-1.9]; p = 0.02; d = 0.35), and performance in the two-dimensional visuospatial game Tetris (+463 [-419-2,065] pts; p = 0.049; d = 0.30) compared to placebo. C4S also improved Fatigue-Inertia (-1 [-3-0]; p = 0.004; d = 0.45), Vigor-Activity (+2.4 [1.3-3.6]; p < 0.001; d = 0.64), Friendliness (+0 [0-1]; p = 0.04; d = 0.32), and Total Mood Disturbance (-3 [-6-0]; p = 0.002; d = 0.44). BP increased slightly in C4S versus placebo, while HR decreased from baseline to post-drink in the C4S condition. Rate-pressure-product was higher in C4S versus placebo independent of time but did not increase from baseline. There was no effect on corrected QT interval. CONCLUSION Acute consumption of C4S was efficacious for cognitive performance, visuospatial gaming performance, and mood enhancement, and had no effect on myocardial oxygen demand or ventricular repolarization, despite being associated with increases in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Schwager
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nathaniel J Helwig
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Emily M Rogers
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Nile F Banks
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Justin P Alpers
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sydni L Schulte
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel D M Jenkins
- Integrative Laboratory of Applied Physiology and Lifestyle Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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Haghighatdoost F, Hajihashemi P, de Sousa Romeiro AM, Mohammadifard N, Sarrafzadegan N, de Oliveira C, Silveira EA. Coffee Consumption and Risk of Hypertension in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3060. [PMID: 37447390 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The association between coffee intake and hypertension (HTN) risk is controversial. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at summarizing the current evidence on the association of coffee with hypertension risk in observational studies. METHODS PubMed/Medline and Web of Science were searched for observational studies up to February 2023. Observational studies which assessed the risk of HTN in the highest category of coffee consumption in comparison with the lowest intake were included in the current meta-analysis (registration number: CRD42022371494). The pooled effect of coffee on HTN was evaluated using a random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-five studies i.e., thirteen cross-sectional studies and twelve cohorts were identified to be eligible. Combining 13 extracted effect sizes from cohort studies showed that higher coffee consumption was associated with 7% reduction in the risk of HTN (95% CI: 0.88, 0.97; I2: 22.3%), whereas combining 16 effect sizes from cross-sectional studies illustrated a greater reduction in HTN risk (RR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.72, 0.87; I2 = 63.2%). These results varied by studies characteristics, such as the region of study, participants' sex, study quality, and sample size. CONCLUSIONS An inverse association was found between coffee consumption and hypertension risk in both cross-sectional and cohort studies. However, this association was dependent on studies characteristics. Further studies considering such factors are required to confirm the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Haghighatdoost
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Parisa Hajihashemi
- Isfahan Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Amanda Maria de Sousa Romeiro
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil
| | - Noushin Mohammadifard
- Hypertension Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
| | - Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, Iran
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Erika Aparecida Silveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, Brazil
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Kukal S, Thakran S, Kanojia N, Yadav S, Mishra MK, Guin D, Singh P, Kukreti R. Genic-intergenic polymorphisms of CYP1A genes and their clinical impact. Gene 2023; 857:147171. [PMID: 36623673 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The humancytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) subfamily genes, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, encoding monooxygenases are critically involved in biotransformation of key endogenous substrates (estradiol, arachidonic acid, cholesterol) and exogenous compounds (smoke constituents, carcinogens, caffeine, therapeutic drugs). This suggests their significant involvement in multiple biological pathways with a primary role of maintaining endogenous homeostasis and xenobiotic detoxification. Large interindividual variability exist in CYP1A gene expression and/or catalytic activity of the enzyme, which is primarily due to the existence of polymorphic alleles which encode them. These polymorphisms (mainly single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) have been extensively studied as susceptibility factors in a spectrum of clinical phenotypes. An in-depth understanding of the effects of polymorphic CYP1A genes on the differential metabolic activity and the resulting biological pathways is needed to explain the clinical implications of CYP1A polymorphisms. The present review is intended to provide an integrated understanding of CYP1A metabolic activity with unique substrate specificity and their involvement in physiological and pathophysiological roles. The article further emphasizes on the impact of widely studied CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 SNPs and their complex interaction with non-genetic factors like smoking and caffeine intake on multiple clinical phenotypes. Finally, we attempted to discuss the alterations in metabolism/physiology concerning the polymorphic CYP1A genes, which may underlie the reported clinical associations. This knowledge may provide insights into the disease pathogenesis, risk stratification, response to therapy and potential drug targets for individuals with certain CYP1A genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Kukal
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sarita Thakran
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Saroj Yadav
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Manish Kumar Mishra
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Debleena Guin
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Department of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Main Bawana Road, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Pooja Singh
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ritushree Kukreti
- Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi 110007, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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Borghi C. Coffee and blood pressure: exciting news! Blood Press 2022; 31:284-287. [DOI: 10.1080/08037051.2022.2136621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Borghi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, IRCCS Policlinico S.Orsola, Bologna 40126, Italy
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Glover FE, Caudle WM, Del Giudice F, Belladelli F, Mulloy E, Lawal E, Eisenberg ML. The association between caffeine intake and testosterone: NHANES 2013-2014. Nutr J 2022; 21:33. [PMID: 35578259 PMCID: PMC9112543 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00783-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caffeine is one of the most commonly used psychoactive drugs in the world, and provides many health benefits including alertness, improved memory, and reducing inflammation. Despite these benefits, caffeine has been implicated in a number of adverse health outcomes possibly due to effects within the endocrine system, effects that may contribute to impaired reproductive function and low testosterone in men. Previous studies have investigated associations between caffeine consumption and testosterone levels in men, although the quantity and generalizability of these studies is lacking, and the results between studies are conflicting and inconclusive. Methods Using data from a cross-sectional study of 372 adult men in the 2013–2014 NHANES survey cycle, the researchers set out to characterize the association between serum testosterone levels, caffeine, and 14 caffeine metabolites. Results Multivariable, weighted linear regression revealed a significant inverse association between caffeine and testosterone. Multivariable, linear regression revealed significant, inverse associations between 6 xanthine metabolic products of caffeine and testosterone. Inverse associations were observed between 5-methyluric acid products and testosterone, as well as between 5-acetlyamino-6-amino-3-methyluracil and testosterone. A significant, positive association was observed for 7-methyl xanthine, 3,7-dimethyluric acid, and 7-methyluric acid. Logistic regression models to characterize the association between 2 biologically active metabolites of caffeine (theobromine and theophylline) and odds of low testosterone (< 300 ng/dL) were non-significant. Conclusions These findings suggest a potential role for caffeine’s contribution to the etiology of low testosterone and biochemical androgen deficiency. Future studies are warranted to corroborate these findings and elucidate biological mechanisms underlying this association. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-022-00783-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank E Glover
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - William Michael Caudle
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Francesco Del Giudice
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza", Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Belladelli
- Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza", Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Evan Mulloy
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Eniola Lawal
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Michael L Eisenberg
- Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Petrovic D, Pruijm M, Ponte B, Dhayat NA, Ackermann D, Ehret G, Ansermot N, Vogt B, Martin PY, Stringhini S, Estoppey-Younès S, Thijs L, Zhang Z, Melgarejo JD, Eap CB, Staessen JA, Bochud M, Guessous I. Investigating the Relations Between Caffeine-Derived Metabolites and Plasma Lipids in 2 Population-Based Studies. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96:3071-3085. [PMID: 34579945 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2021.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relations between caffeine-derived metabolites (methylxanthines) and plasma lipids by use of population-based data from 2 European countries. METHODS Families were randomly selected from the general population of northern Belgium (FLEMENGHO), from August 12, 1985, until November 22, 1990, and 3 Swiss cities (SKIPOGH), from November 25, 2009, through April 4, 2013. We measured plasma concentrations (FLEMENGHO, SKIPOGH) and 24-hour urinary excretions (SKIPOGH) of 4 methylxanthines-caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine, and theophylline-using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. We used enzymatic methods to estimate total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels and the Friedewald equation for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in plasma. We applied sex-specific mixed models to investigate associations between methylxanthines and plasma lipids, adjusting for major confounders. RESULTS In both FLEMENGHO (N=1987; 1055 [53%] female participants) and SKIPOGH (N=990; 523 [53%] female participants), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride levels increased across quartiles of plasma caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline (total cholesterol levels by caffeine quartiles in FLEMENGHO, male participants: 5.01±0.06 mmol/L, 5.05±0.06 mmol/L, 5.27±0.06 mmol/L, 5.62±0.06 mmol/L; female participants: 5.24±0.06 mmol/L, 5.15±0.05 mmol/L, 5.25±0.05 mmol/L, 5.42±0.05 mmol/L). Similar results were observed using urinary methylxanthines in SKIPOGH (total cholesterol levels by caffeine quartiles, male participants: 4.54±0.08 mmol/L, 4.94±0.08 mmol/L, 4.87±0.08 mmol/L, 5.27±0.09 mmol/L; female participants: 5.12±0.07 mmol/L, 5.21±0.07 mmol/L, 5.28±0.05 mmol/L, 5.28±0.07 mmol/L). Furthermore, urinary caffeine and theophylline were positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in SKIPOGH male participants. CONCLUSION Plasma and urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline were positively associated with plasma lipids, whereas the associations involving theobromine were less clear. We postulate that the positive association between caffeine intake and plasma lipids may be related to the sympathomimetic function of methylxanthines, mitigating the overall health-beneficial effect of caffeine intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Petrovic
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems (DESS), University Center for General Medicine and Public Health (UNISANTE), Lausanne, Switzerland; Department and Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland; Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Menno Pruijm
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Belén Ponte
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland
| | - Nasser A Dhayat
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Georg Ehret
- Department of Cardiology, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Bruno Vogt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland
| | - Silvia Stringhini
- Department and Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Estoppey-Younès
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems (DESS), University Center for General Medicine and Public Health (UNISANTE), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lutgarde Thijs
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jesus D Melgarejo
- Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Chin B Eap
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), University of Lausanne (UNIL), Prilly, Switzerland; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva (UNIGE), Geneva, and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan A Staessen
- Research Institute Alliance for Promotion of Preventive Medicine (APPREMED), Mechelen, Belgium; Biomedical Sciences Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems (DESS), University Center for General Medicine and Public Health (UNISANTE), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Idris Guessous
- Department and Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), Switzerland.
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Association between hypertension and coffee drinking based on CYP1A2 rs762551 single nucleotide polymorphism in Taiwanese. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2021; 18:78. [PMID: 34391463 PMCID: PMC8364041 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-021-00605-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hypertension increases the likelihood of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is related to caffeine metabolism and the risk of CVD among coffee drinkers. CYP1A2 rs762551 influenced the risk of stroke among hypertensive patients. We examined the relationship between hypertension and coffee drinking based on CYP1A2 rs762551 SNP in Taiwanese adults. Methods We used data contained in the Taiwan Biobank database (2011–2018) and included 19,133 participants having complete information on hypertension, rs762551 polymorphism, coffee intake, etc. The risk of hypertension was determined using multiple logistic regression. Results Coffee intake was significantly associated with a lower risk of hypertension. The odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p-value were 0.877, 0.807–0.954, and 0.0032, respectively. CYP1A2 rs762551 was not significantly associated with the risk of hypertension, but it had a significant interactive association with coffee drinking (p value = 0.0303). After stratification by rs762551 genotypes, the inverse coffee drinking-hypertension association was retained, but significant results were observed only in those with the AC + CC genotype (OR 0.678, 95% CI 0.722–900, p value = 0.0001). According to the combination of coffee drinking and rs762551 genotypes (reference group: no coffee drinking and rs762551 AA), the coffee drinking-AC + CC group had a lower risk of hypertension (OR 0.888, 95% CI 0.789–0.999, p value = 0.0483). Conclusion Coffee drinking, particularly among individuals with the CYP1A2 rs762551 AC + CC genotype was associated with lower odds of hypertension.
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Kamely M, Karimi Torshizi MA, West J, Niewold T. Impacts of caffeine on resistant chicken's performance and cardiovascular gene expression. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 106:566-574. [PMID: 34291833 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a study on 288 broiler (Gallus gallus) chicks who received caffeine in water between days 3 and 42, at levels of 0, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day. In the previous report, we found that caffeine caused pulmonary hypertension (PH)-associated mortality in a significant minority (20%-30%) of birds, including right ventricular hypertrophy and ascites. We have also shown a significant upregulation of the serotonin transporter (SERT), troponin T2, adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) and phosphodiesterase 5A (PDE5) in chicken suffering from PH. Here, we examine the resistant (survived) chicks from the first study that had not died due to acute heart failure and did not have clinical signs of pulmonary hypertension. Our goal was to determine whether birds who lacked overt signs of disease had subclinical manifestations, including similar changes in gene expression, growth rates and altered systemic haemodynamics. We found that growth was significantly increased by caffeine consumption (p < 0.01) at low doses; however, dosage over 50 mg/BW/d had remarkable adverse effects on growth (p < 0.01). Blood pressure, troponin T2 and PDE5 gene expression were not significantly altered by caffeine administration (p > 0.05). However, SERT gene expression linearly increased with increasing caffeine dosage (p < 0.01). The impact of caffeine on ADORA1 gene expression was dose dependent and nonlinear. In conclusion, despite the significant effects of caffeine on birds' growth, no significant negative effects of caffeine were observed on the cardiovascular function of resistant chickens. This work provides valuable information for further study on different dosage of caffeine in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Kamely
- Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, University of KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - James West
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Stading R, Gastelum G, Chu C, Jiang W, Moorthy B. Molecular mechanisms of pulmonary carcinogenesis by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Implications for human lung cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:3-16. [PMID: 34242741 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer has the second highest incidence and highest mortality compared to all other cancers. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules belong to a class of compounds that are present in tobacco smoke, diesel exhausts, smoked foods, as well as particulate matter (PM). PAH-derived reactive metabolites are significant contributors to lung cancer development. The formation of these reactive metabolites entails metabolism of the parent PAHs by cytochrome P4501A1/1B1 (CYP1A1/1B1) and epoxide hydrolase enzymes. These reactive metabolites then react with DNA to form DNA adducts, which contribute to key gene mutations, such as the tumor suppressor gene, p53 and are linked to pulmonary carcinogenesis. PAH exposure also leads to upregulation of CYP1A1 transcription by binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and eliciting transcription of the CYP1A1 promoter, which comprises specific xenobiotic-responsive element (XREs). While hepatic and pulmonary CYP1A1/1B1 metabolize PAHs to DNA-reactive metabolites, the hepatic CYP1A2, however, may protect against lung tumor development by suppressing both liver and lung CYP1A1 enzymes. Further analysis of these enzymes has shown that PAH-exposure also induces sustained transcription of CYP1A1, which is independent of the persistence of the parent PAH. CYP1A2 enzyme plays an important role in the sustained induction of hepatic CYP1A1. PAH exposure may further contribute to pulmonary carcinogenesis by producing epigenetic alterations. DNA methylation, histone modification, long interspersed nuclear element (LINE-1) activation, and non-coding RNA, specifically microRNA (miRNA) alterations may all be induced by PAH exposure. The relationship between PAH-induced enzymatic reactive metabolite formation and epigenetic alterations is a key area of research that warrants further exploration. Investigation into the potential interplay between these two mechanisms may lead to further understanding of the mechanisms of PAH carcinogenesis. These mechanisms will be crucial for the development of effective targeted therapies and early diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Stading
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Grady Gastelum
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Chun Chu
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Weiwu Jiang
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Bhagavatula Moorthy
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, United States.
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11
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Magavern EF, Warren HR, Ng FL, Cabrera CP, Munroe PB, Caulfield MJ. An Academic Clinician's Road Map to Hypertension Genomics: Recent Advances and Future Directions MMXX. Hypertension 2021; 77:284-295. [PMID: 33390048 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
At the dawn of the new decade, it is judicious to reflect on the boom of knowledge about polygenic risk for essential hypertension supplied by the wealth of genome-wide association studies. Hypertension continues to account for significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, with increasing prevalence anticipated. Here, we overview recent advances in the use of big data to understand polygenic hypertension, as well as opportunities for future innovation to translate this windfall of knowledge into clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma F Magavern
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Helen R Warren
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Fu L Ng
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Patricia B Munroe
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Caulfield
- From the William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
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12
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Abdelsattar AS, Dawoud A, Helal MA. Interaction of nanoparticles with biological macromolecules: a review of molecular docking studies. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:66-95. [PMID: 33283572 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1842537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The high frequency of using engineered nanoparticles in various medical applications entails a deep understanding of their interaction with biological macromolecules. Molecular docking simulation is now widely used to study the binding of different types of nanoparticles with proteins and nucleic acids. This helps not only in understanding the mechanism of their biological action but also in predicting any potential toxicity. In this review, the computational techniques used in studying the nanoparticles interaction with biological macromolecules are covered. Then, a comprehensive overview of the docking studies performed on various types of nanoparticles will be offered. The implication of these predicted interactions in the biological activity and/or toxicity is also discussed for each type of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah S Abdelsattar
- Center for X-Ray and Determination of Structure of Matter, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Alyaa Dawoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Helal
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.,Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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13
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Tennent R, Ali A, Wham C, Rutherfurd-Markwick K. Narrative Review: Impact of Genetic Variability of CYP1A2, ADORA2A, and AHR on Caffeine Consumption and Response. J Caffeine Adenosine Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1089/caff.2020.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Tennent
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
| | - Ajmol Ali
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research and Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
| | - Carol Wham
- School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research and Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
| | - Kay Rutherfurd-Markwick
- Centre for Metabolic Health Research and Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, North Shore City, New Zealand
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Effect of Caffeine Consumption on the Risk for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders: Sex Differences in Human. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12103080. [PMID: 33050315 PMCID: PMC7601837 DOI: 10.3390/nu12103080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine occurs naturally in various foods, such as coffee, tea, and cocoa, and it has been used safely as a mild stimulant for a long time. However, excessive caffeine consumption (1~1.5 g/day) can cause caffeine poisoning (caffeinism), which includes symptoms such as anxiety, agitation, insomnia, and gastrointestinal disorders. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the effect of caffeine consumption as a protective factor or risk factor for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Currently, the importance of personalized medicine is being emphasized, and research on sex/gender differences needs to be conducted. Our review focuses on the effect of caffeine consumption on several neurological and psychiatric disorders with respect to sex differences to provide a better understanding of caffeine use as a risk or protective factor for those disorders. The findings may help establish new strategies for developing sex-specific caffeine therapies.
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Miranda AM, Goulart AC, Benseñor IM, Lotufo PA, Marchioni DM. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: A prospective analysis in the cohort study. Clin Nutr 2020; 40:542-549. [PMID: 32576389 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2020.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages around the world. Dietary habits, specifically, coffee consumption has long been a suspected cause of hypertension. However, previous findings on coffee consumption and its association with the incidence of hypertension are not homogeneous and still inconsistent. PURPOSE To examine the association of habitual coffee consumption with the risk of developing hypertension in a middle-aged Brazilian cohort. METHODS Data were from the multicenter prospective cohort "Brazilian Longitudinal Study for Adult Health - ELSA-Brasil". The cohort comprises 15,105 civil servants, aged 35-74 years at baseline, who were sampled from universities located in six Brazilian cities. For the present study, we analyzed data from 8780 participants initially free of hypertension during a mean follow-up of 3.9 years. The consumption of coffee was obtained at baseline using a previously validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Subsequently coffee intake was categorized into four categories (cups/day): never/almost never, ≤1, 1-3, and >3. Hypertension status was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, use of antihypertensive drug treatment, or both. Poisson regression model with a robust variance was performed to estimate relative risk (RR) and confidence interval (95% CI) for hypertension according to baseline coffee consumption. The effect of interaction between coffee consumption and smoking status was assessed. RESULTS Most participants (90%) drank coffee, and the median total coffee intake was 150 mL/day. A total of 1285 participants developed hypertension. Compared to participants who never or almost never drink coffee, the risk of hypertension was lower for individuals consuming 1-3 cups/day (RR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68-0.97) (P for interaction=0.018). After stratification by smoking status the analysis revealed a decreased risk of hypertension in never smokers drinking 1-3 cups of coffee per day (RR 0.79, 95% CI: 0.64-0.98), whereas the hypertension risk among former and current smokers was not associated with coffee consumption significantly. Moreover, upper category of coffee drinking (>3 cups/day) the association was not significant for risk of hypertension. CONCLUSION The association between coffee consumption and incidence of hypertension was related to smoking status. The beneficial effect of moderate coffee intake (1-3 cups/day) on risk of hypertension was observed only in never smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isabela M Benseñor
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo A Lotufo
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil; School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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16
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Jin L, Pan Y, Tran NLL, Polychronopoulos LN, Warrier A, Brouwer KLR, Nicolazzo JA. Intestinal Permeability and Oral Absorption of Selected Drugs Are Reduced in a Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1527-1537. [PMID: 32212738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the significant number of studies reporting altered abundance and function of drug transporters at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the impact of AD on the abundance of intestinal drug transporters and the subsequent effects on oral drug absorption have received little attention. We have reported the altered abundance of some small intestinal drug transporters in a familial mouse model of AD; however, whether this leads to altered oral drug absorption is unknown. The current study examined plasma concentrations of caffeine and diazepam (markers for transcellular passive transport), digoxin (P-glycoprotein substrate), and valsartan (multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 substrate) following oral administration to 8-10 month old female wild-type (WT) and APPswe/PSEN1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice, a commonly used mouse model of familial AD. The plasma exposure of valsartan and digoxin was significantly (p < 0.05) lower in APP/PS1 animals compared with WT mice, whereas the plasma concentrations of the passive transcellular markers caffeine and diazepam did not significantly differ between the two genotypes. To assess whether the reduced oral absorption of valsartan and digoxin was due to decreased intestinal transport, the ex vivo transport of the previously mentioned drugs and mannitol (a marker of paracellular transport) across the jejunum of WT and APP/PS1 mice was assessed over 120 min. In line with the in vivo absorption studies, the permeability of caffeine and diazepam did not significantly differ between WT and APP/PS1 mice. The permeability of 3H-digoxin through the APP/PS1 mouse jejunum was lower than that measured through the WT jejunum; the average amount (relative to dose applied) permeating the tissue over 120 min was 0.22 ± 0.11% (mean ± SD) for the APP/PS1 jejunum and 0.85 ± 0.3% for the WT jejunum. A 1.9-fold reduction in the average amount of valsartan permeating the jejunum of APP/PS1 mice relative to that of WT mice was also detected. Although no apparent morphological alterations were observed in the jejunal tissue of APP/PS1 mice, the permeability of 14C-mannitol across the jejunum from APP/PS1 mice was lower than that across the WT jejunum (Papp= 10.7 ± 3.7 × 10-6 and 6.0 ± 3.4 × 10-6 cm/s, respectively), suggesting tightened paracellular junctions in APP/PS1 mice. These studies are the first to demonstrate, in APP/PS1 mice, reduced intestinal permeability and the absorption of drugs commonly prescribed to people with AD for their comorbidities. If these findings translate to people with AD, then modified dosing regimens may be necessary for selected drugs to ensure that their plasma concentrations remain in the effective range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jin
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Yijun Pan
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Natalie Lan Linh Tran
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Leon N Polychronopoulos
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Aparna Warrier
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Kim L R Brouwer
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Joseph A Nicolazzo
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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17
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Visser E, Geleijnse JM, de Roos B. Inter-Individual Variation in Cancer and Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes in Response to Coffee Consumption: A Critical Review. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1900479. [PMID: 32045503 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Coffee is associated with a lower risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes at the population level. However, individual susceptibility to the effects of coffee consumption will cause heterogeneity in health responses between individuals. In this critical review determinants of inter-individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption are systematically evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS Embase and MEDLINE are searched for observational studies and clinical trials that examined variation in the response to coffee consumption. A total of 74 studies meet the inclusion criteria, which report variation in cancer (n = 24) and cardiometabolic health (n = 50) outcomes. The qualitative analysis shows that sex, BMI, smoking, alcohol intake, menopausal status, and genetic polymorphisms are probable or possible determinants of inter-individual variability in cancer and cardiometabolic health outcomes in response to coffee and caffeine consumption, albeit the majority of studies have insufficient statistical power to detect significant interaction between these factors and coffee consumption. CONCLUSION Several genetic and non-genetic determinants of inter-individual variability in the responses to coffee and caffeine consumption are identified, indicating that some of the health benefits of coffee may only occur in a subgroup of subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Visser
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Baukje de Roos
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, AB25 2ZD, Aberdeen, UK
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18
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Lu J, Shang X, Zhong W, Xu Y, Shi R, Wang X. New insights of CYP1A in endogenous metabolism: a focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms and diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2020; 10:91-104. [PMID: 31998606 PMCID: PMC6984740 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2019.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A), one of the major CYP subfamily in humans, not only metabolizes xenobiotics including clinical drugs and pollutants in the environment, but also mediates the biotransformation of important endogenous substances. In particular, some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for CYP1A genes may affect the metabolic ability of endogenous substances, leading to some physiological or pathological changes in humans. This review first summarizes the metabolism of endogenous substances by CYP1A, and then introduces the research progress of CYP1A SNPs, especially the research related to human diseases. Finally, the relationship between SNPs and diseases is discussed. In addition, potential animal models for CYP1A gene editing are summarized. In conclusion, CYP1A plays an important role in maintaining the health in the body.
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Key Words
- CYP, cytochrome P450
- CYP1A
- EOAs, cis-epoxyoctadecenoics
- Endogenous substances
- FSH, follicle stimulating hormone
- HODEs, hydroxyoctadecdienoic acids
- IQ, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] quinoline
- KO, knockout
- LIF/STAT3, inhibiting leukemia inhibitory factor/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
- Metabolism and disease
- PhIP, 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo [4,5-b] pyridine
- SNPs
- SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms
- WT, wild type
- Xenobiotics
- t-RA, all-trans-retinoic acid
- t-ROH, all-trans-retinol
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lu
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200051, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xuyang Shang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200051, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Weiguo Zhong
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Rong Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Changning Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200051, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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20
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Ong JS, Law MH, An J, Han X, Gharahkhani P, Whiteman DC, Neale RE, MacGregor S. Association between coffee consumption and overall risk of being diagnosed with or dying from cancer among >300 000 UK Biobank participants in a large-scale Mendelian randomization study. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1447-1456. [PMID: 31412118 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have suggested that coffee intake may be associated with a reduction in cancer risk. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies can help clarify whether the observed associations are likely to be causal. Here we evaluated whether coffee intake is associated with: (i) overall risk of being diagnosed with/dying from any cancer; and (ii) risk of individual cancers. METHODS We identified 46 155 cases (of which 6998 were fatal) and 270 342 controls of White British ancestry from the UK Biobank cohort (UKB), based on ICD10 diagnoses. Individuals with benign tumours were excluded. Coffee intake was self-reported and recorded based on cup/day consumption. We conducted both observational and summary data MR analyses. RESULTS There was no observational association between coffee intake and overall cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) per one cup/day increase = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98, 1.00] or cancer death (OR = 1.01, 0.99, 1.03); the estimated OR from MR is 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) for overall cancer risk and 1.11 (0.95, 1.31) for cancer death. The relationship between coffee intake and individual cancer risks were consistent with a null effect, with most cancers showing little or no associations with coffee. Meta-analysis of our MR findings with publicly available summary data on various cancers do not support a strong causal relationship between coffee and risk of breast, ovarian, lung or prostate cancer, upon correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, coffee intake is not associated with overall risk of being diagnosed with or dying from cancer in UKB. For individual cancers, our findings were not statistically inconsistent with earlier observational studies, although for these we were unable to rule out a small effect on specific types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiyuan An
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xikun Han
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- Cancer Control, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Cancer Aetiology and Prevention, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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The association between genetic risk score and blood pressure is modified by coffee consumption: Gene–diet interaction analysis in a population-based study. Clin Nutr 2019; 38:1721-1728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Yoshihara T, Zaitsu M, Shiraishi F, Arima H, Takahashi-Yanaga F, Arioka M, Kajioka S, Sasaguri T. Influence of genetic polymorphisms and habitual caffeine intake on the changes in blood pressure, pulse rate, and calculation speed after caffeine intake: A prospective, double blind, randomized trial in healthy volunteers. J Pharmacol Sci 2019; 139:209-214. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Fava C, Bonafini S. Eicosanoids via CYP450 and cardiovascular disease: Hints from genetic and nutrition studies. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 139:41-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Habitual coffee consumption and cognitive function: a Mendelian randomization meta-analysis in up to 415,530 participants. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7526. [PMID: 29760501 PMCID: PMC5951917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coffee’s long-term effect on cognitive function remains unclear with studies suggesting both benefits and adverse effects. We used Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal relationship between habitual coffee consumption and cognitive function in mid- to later life. This included up to 415,530 participants and 300,760 coffee drinkers from 10 meta-analysed European ancestry cohorts. In each cohort, composite cognitive scores that capture global cognition and memory were computed using available tests. A genetic score derived using CYP1A1/2 (rs2472297) and AHR (rs6968865) was chosen as a proxy for habitual coffee consumption. Null associations were observed when examining the associations of the genetic score with global and memory cognition (β = −0.0007, 95% C.I. −0.009 to 0.008, P = 0.87; β = −0.001, 95% C.I. −0.005 to 0.002, P = 0.51, respectively), with high consistency between studies (Pheterogeneity > 0.4 for both). Domain specific analyses using available cognitive measures in the UK Biobank also did not support effects by habitual coffee intake for reaction time, pairs matching, reasoning or prospective memory (P ≥ 0.05 for all). Despite the power to detect very small effects, our meta-analysis provided no evidence for causal long-term effects of habitual coffee consumption on global cognition or memory.
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Postprandial glycaemic and lipaemic responses to chronic coffee consumption may be modulated by CYP1A2 polymorphisms. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:792-800. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThere is much epidemiological evidence suggesting a reduced risk of development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in habitual coffee drinkers, however to date there have been few longer-term interventions, directly examining the effects of coffee intake on glucose and lipid metabolism. Previous studies may be confounded by inter-individual variation in caffeine metabolism. Specifically, the rs762551 SNP in the CYP1A2 gene has been demonstrated to influence caffeine metabolism, with carriers of the C allele considered to be of a ‘slow’ metaboliser phenotype. This study investigated the effects of regular coffee intake on markers of glucose and lipid metabolism in coffee-naïve individuals, with novel analysis by rs762551 genotype. Participants were randomised to either a coffee group (n 19) who consumed four cups/d instant coffee for 12 weeks or a control group (n 8) who remained coffee/caffeine free. Venous blood samples were taken pre- and post-intervention. Primary analysis revealed no significant differences between groups. Analysis of the coffee group by genotype revealed several differences. Before coffee intake, the AC genotype (‘slow’ caffeine metabolisers, n 9) displayed higher baseline glucose and NEFA than the AA genotype (‘fast’ caffeine metabolisers, n 10, P<0·05). Post-intervention, reduced postprandial glycaemia and reduced NEFA suppression were observed in the AC genotype, with the opposite result observed in the AA genotype (P<0·05). These observed differences between genotypes warrant further investigation and indicate there may be no one-size-fits-all recommendation with regard to coffee drinking and T2D risk.
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Soares RN, Schneider A, Valle SC, Schenkel PC. The influence of CYP1A2 genotype in the blood pressure response to caffeine ingestion is affected by physical activity status and caffeine consumption level. Vascul Pharmacol 2018. [PMID: 29522901 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether the influence of CYP1A2 genotype in the blood pressure (BP) response to caffeine ingestion was affected by physical activity status and habitual caffeine consumption. Thirty-seven participants (19-50 years old) took place in the study and were categorized according to i) genotype: CYP1A2 (AA) "fast metabolizer", and CYP1A2 (AC) "slow metabolizer"; ii) physical activity level: sedentary (S) and physically active (A); and iii) caffeine consumption level: non-habitual caffeine consumer (NC) and habitual heavy caffeine consumer (C). All groups had BP assessed before (basal) and 1 hourh after (post) caffeine ingestion (6 mg·kg-1). It was observed that AC genotype individuals had increased basal-DBP and post-caffeine SBP when compared to AA individuals. Additionally, acute caffeine ingestion increased SBP only in the AC group. It was also found that physical activity only modulated the BP responses to acute caffeine ingestion in AC individuals. Furthermore, the results indicated that the habitual heavy caffeine consumers AC individuals had increased basal-DBP when compared to the AA ones. Our results suggest that the influence of CYP1A2 genotype in the basal and post-caffeine BP response to caffeine ingestion is modified by physical activity status and caffeine consumption level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogerio Nogueira Soares
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - Augusto Schneider
- Faculty of Nutrition, Pelotas Federal University, Rua: Gomes Carneiro 1, Centro, 96010-610 Pelotas, Brazil.
| | - Sandra Costa Valle
- Faculty of Nutrition, Pelotas Federal University, Rua: Gomes Carneiro 1, Centro, 96010-610 Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cavalheiro Schenkel
- Department of Physiology and Health Basic Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua: Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Delacrétaz A, Vandenberghe F, Glatard A, Levier A, Dubath C, Ansermot N, Crettol S, Gholam-Rezaee M, Guessous I, Bochud M, von Gunten A, Conus P, Eap CB. Association Between Plasma Caffeine and Other Methylxanthines and Metabolic Parameters in a Psychiatric Population Treated With Psychotropic Drugs Inducing Metabolic Disturbances. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:573. [PMID: 30473668 PMCID: PMC6238296 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: Multiple studies conducted in the general population identified an association between self-reported coffee consumption and plasma lipid levels. To date, no study assessed whether and which plasma methylxanthines (caffeine and/or its metabolites, i.e., paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine) are associated with plasma lipids. In psychiatric patients, an important coffee consumption is often reported and many psychotropic drugs can induce a rapid and substantial increase of plasma lipid levels. Objective: To determine whether plasma methylxanthines are associated with metabolic parameters in psychiatric patients receiving treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances. Design, Setting, and Participants: Data were obtained from a prospective study including 630 patients with metabolic parameters [i.e., body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), and fasting triglycerides (TG)] monitored routinely during psychotropic treatment. Exposures: Plasma methylxanthines levels. Main Outcomes and Measures: Metabolic variables including BMI and plasma lipid levels. Results: Multivariate analyses indicated that BMI, TC, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C increased significantly with increasing total methylxanthines (p corrected ≤ 0.05). In addition, compared to patients with plasma caffeine concentration in the lowest quartile, those with caffeine concentration in the highest quartile were twice more prone to suffer from non-HDL hypercholesterolemia (p corrected = 0.05), five times more likely to suffer from hypertriglyceridemia (p corrected = 0.01) and four times more susceptible to be overweight (p corrected = 0.01). Conclusions and Relevance: This study showed that plasma caffeine and other methylxanthines are associated with worsening of metabolic parameters in patients receiving psychotropic treatments known to induce metabolic disturbances. It emphasizes that important caffeine consumption could be considered as an additional environmental risk factor for metabolic worsening in patients receiving such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Delacrétaz
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Frederik Vandenberghe
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anaïs Glatard
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Axel Levier
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Céline Dubath
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Séverine Crettol
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mehdi Gholam-Rezaee
- Centre of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Division of Chronic Diseases, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Armin von Gunten
- Service of Old Age Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension: a dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. Eur J Nutr 2017; 58:271-280. [PMID: 29222637 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, a large prospective study provided additional information concerning the debated possible association between habitual coffee consumption and risk of hypertension (HPT). Therefore, we updated the state of knowledge on this issue by carrying out a comprehensive new systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of the available relevant studies. METHODS We performed a systematic search for prospective studies on general population, published without language restrictions (1966-August 2017). A random-effects dose-response meta-analysis was conducted to combine study specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Potential non-linear relation was investigated using restricted cubic splines. RESULTS Four studies (196,256 participants, 41,184 diagnosis of HPT) met the inclusion criteria. Coffee intake was assessed by dietary questionnaire. Dose-response meta-analysis showed a non-linear relationship between coffee consumption and risk of HPT (p for non-linearity < 0.001). Whereas the habitual drinking of one or two cups of coffee per day, compared with non-drinking, was not associated with risk of HPT, a significantly protective effect of coffee consumption was found starting from the consumption of three cups of coffee per day (RR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.94 to 0.99), and was confirmed for greater consumption. CONCLUSIONS The results of this analysis indicate that habitual moderate coffee intake is not associated with higher risk of HPT in the general population and that in fact a non-linear inverse dose-response relationship occurs between coffee consumption and risk of HPT.
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Caffeine and cardiovascular health. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 89:165-185. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Al-Ahmad MM, Amir N, Dhanasekaran S, John A, Abdulrazzaq YM, Ali BR, Bastaki SMA. Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450-1A2 (CYP1A2) among Emiratis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183424. [PMID: 28934216 PMCID: PMC5608188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is one of the CYP450 mixed-function oxidase system that is of clinical importance due to the large number of drug interactions associated with its induction and inhibition. In addition, significant inter-individual differences in the elimination of drugs metabolized by CYP1A2 enzyme have been observed which are largely due to the highly polymorphic nature of CYP1A2 gene. However, there are limited studies on CYP1A2 phenotypes and CYP1A2 genotypes among Emiratis and thus this study was carried out to fill this gap. Five hundred and seventy six non-smoker Emirati subjects were asked to consume a soft drink containing caffeine (a non-toxic and reliable probe for predicting CYP1A2 phenotype) and then provide a buccal swab along with a spot urine sample. Taq-Man Real Time PCR was used to determine the CYP1A2 genotype of each individual. Phenotyping was carried out by analyzing the caffeine metabolites using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. We found that 1.4%, 16.3% and 82.3% of the Emirati subjects were slow, intermediate and rapid CYP1A2 metabolizers, respectively. In addition, we found that 1.4% of the subjects were homozygote for derived alleles while 16.1% were heterozygote and 82.5% were homozygote for the ancestral allele. The genotype frequency of the ancestral allele, CYP1A2*1A/*1A, is the highest in this population, followed by CYP1A2 *1A/*1C and CYP1A2 *1A/*1K genotypes, with frequencies of 0.825, 0.102 and 0.058, respectively. The degree of phenotype/genotype concordance was equal to 81.6%. The CYP1A2*1C/*1C and CYP1A2*3/*3 genotypes showed significantly the lowest enzyme phenotypic activity. The frequency of slow activity CYP1A2 enzyme alleles is very low among Emiratis which correlates with the presence of low frequencies of derived alleles in CYP1A2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M. Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Subramanian Dhanasekaran
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Anne John
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yousef M. Abdulrazzaq
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bassam R. Ali
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salim M. A. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- * E-mail:
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Chrysant SG. The impact of coffee consumption on blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther 2017; 15:151-156. [PMID: 28128673 DOI: 10.1080/14779072.2017.1287563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage, next to water. However, there has been a long-standing controversy regarding its safety on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and intuitively, physicians dissuaded their patients from coffee drinking. Areas covered: This controversy was, primarily, based on older prospective studies or case reports, which showed a positive association of coffee drinking with the incidence of hypertension and CVD. In contrast to these reports, recent, well controlled, studies have demonstrated either a neutral or beneficial effect of moderate coffee consumption (3-4 cups/day), on BP, CVD, heart failure (HF), cardiac arrhythmias, or diabetes mellitus (DM). For the preparation of this special report, an English language focused search of the Medline database was conducted between 2010 and 2016 on studies with data on effect on the coffee consumption in patients with high BP, CVD, HF, cardiac arrhythmias or DM. Of the 94 abstracts reviewed, 34 pertinent papers were selected, and the findings from these papers together with collateral literature will be discussed in this special report. Expert commentary: Based on the evidence from these studies, coffee consumption in moderation, is safe and is beneficial in both healthy persons as well as patients with high BP, CVD, HF, cardiac arrhythmias or DM. Therefore, coffee restriction is not warranted for these patients, although some caution should be exercised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven G Chrysant
- a Department of Cardiology , University of Oklahoma College of Medicine , Oklahoma City , OK , USA
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A comprehensive contribution of genes for aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway to hypertension susceptibility. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2017; 27:57-69. [PMID: 27977510 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Petrovic D, Estoppey Younes S, Pruijm M, Ponte B, Ackermann D, Ehret G, Ansermot N, Mohaupt M, Paccaud F, Vogt B, Pechère-Bertschi A, Martin PY, Burnier M, Eap CB, Bochud M, Guessous I. Relation of 24-hour urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolite excretions with self-reported consumption of coffee and other caffeinated beverages in the general population. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2016; 13:81. [PMID: 27891166 PMCID: PMC5112879 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-016-0144-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Caffeine intake is generally estimated by self-reported consumption, but it remains unclear how well self-report associates with metabolite urinary excretion. We investigated the associations of self-reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary excretion of caffeine and its major metabolites in an adult population. Methods We used data from the population-based Swiss Kidney Project on Genes in Hypertension (SKIPOGH) study. Consumption of caffeinated coffee, decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages was assessed by self-administered questionnaire. Quantification of caffeine, paraxanthine, theobromine and theophylline was performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in 24-h urine. Association of reported consumption of caffeinated drinks with urinary caffeine derived metabolites was determined by quantile regression. We then explored the association between urinary metabolite excretion and dichotomized weekly consumption frequency of caffeinated coffee, with Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results In the present analysis, we included 598 individuals (52% women, mean age =46 ± 17 years). Self-reported caffeinated coffee intake was positively associated with 24-h urinary excretions of paraxanthine, theophylline and caffeine (p < 0.001), whereas reported intakes of decaffeinated coffee and other caffeinated beverages showed no association. In ROC analysis, optimal discrimination between individuals consuming less than one caffeinated coffee/week, vs. at least one coffee, was obtained for 24-h urinary paraxanthine (Area Under Curve (AUC) = 0.868, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.830;0.906]), with slightly lower performance for theophylline and caffeine, whereas theobromine did not allow any discrimination. Conclusion Our results suggest that reported consumption of caffeinated coffee is positively associated with 24-h urinary excretion of caffeine, paraxanthine, and theophylline, and may be used as a marker of caffeine intake for epidemiological studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0144-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dusan Petrovic
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la corniche 10, Lausanne, 1010 Switzerland
| | - Sandrine Estoppey Younes
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la corniche 10, Lausanne, 1010 Switzerland
| | - Menno Pruijm
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 17, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland
| | - Belén Ponte
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- University Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, Bern, 3010 Switzerland
| | - Georg Ehret
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Ansermot
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, 1008 Switzerland
| | - Markus Mohaupt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - Fred Paccaud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la corniche 10, Lausanne, 1010 Switzerland
| | - Bruno Vogt
- University Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 15, Bern, 3010 Switzerland
| | - Antoinette Pechère-Bertschi
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
| | - Michel Burnier
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Lausanne University Hospital, Rue du Bugnon 17, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, 1008 Switzerland ; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Murielle Bochud
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la corniche 10, Lausanne, 1010 Switzerland
| | - Idris Guessous
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP), Lausanne University Hospital, Route de la corniche 10, Lausanne, 1010 Switzerland ; Unit of Population Epidemiology, Division of Primary Care Medicine, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland ; Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, USA ; Lausanne University Outpatient Clinic, Rue du Bugnon 44, Lausanne, 1011 Switzerland ; Unit of Population Epidemiology, University Hospital of Geneva (HUG), Rue Gabrielle Perret-Gentil 4, Geneva, 1205 Switzerland
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De Caterina R, El-Sohemy A. Moving towards Specific Nutrigenetic Recommendation Algorithms: Caffeine, Genetic Variation and Cardiovascular Risk. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2016; 9:106-115. [PMID: 27467525 DOI: 10.1159/000446801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent research has indicated that part of the interindividual variability in cardiovascular responses to caffeine has a genetic basis. Therefore, knowledge of the individual's genetic constitution may allow an individual tailoring of dietary advice for the use of caffeine-containing beverages, yielding an example of the potential of practical translation of nutrigenetic information. This paper reviews the basis for possible nutrigenetic recommendations on the consumption of caffeine, discussing the current gaps in knowledge but also proposing a mode of action in this research area, which may be transposed to other types of similar recommendations.
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Grosso G, Stepaniak U, Polak M, Micek A, Topor-Madry R, Stefler D, Szafraniec K, Pajak A. Coffee consumption and risk of hypertension in the Polish arm of the HAPIEE cohort study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2016; 70:109-15. [PMID: 26220566 PMCID: PMC4650259 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Coffee consumption has been hypothesized to be associated with blood pressure (BP), but previous findings are not homogeneous. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between coffee consumption and the risk of developing hypertension. SUBJECTS/METHODS Data on coffee consumption, BP and use of anti-hypertensive medicament were derived from 2725 participants of the Polish arm of the HAPIEE project (Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) who were free of hypertension at baseline and followed up for an average of 5 years. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by multivariate logistic regression analyses and stratified for potential confounding factors. RESULTS Coffee consumption was related to decreased age, smoking status and total energy intake. Compared with persons who drink <1 cup coffee per day, systolic BP was significantly associated with coffee consumption and the risk of hypertension was lower for individuals consuming 3-4 cups per day. Despite the analysis stratified by gender showed that the protective effect of coffee consumption on hypertension was significant only in women, the analysis after stratification by smoking status revealed a decreased risk of hypertension in non-smokers drinking 3-4 cups of coffee per day in both sexes (OR 0.41, 95% CI: 0.21, 0.79 for men and OR 0.54, 95% CI: 0.29, 0.99 for women). Upper category coffee consumption (>4 cups per day) was not related to significant increased risk of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Relation between coffee consumption and incidence of hypertension was related to smoking status. Consumption of 3-4 cups of coffee per day decreased the risk of hypertension in non-smoking men and women only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biomedicine, Section of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Stepaniak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Maciej Polak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Micek
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Roman Topor-Madry
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Denes Stefler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Krystyna Szafraniec
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pajak
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Studies, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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Coffee Consumption and Cardiovascular Health. Am J Cardiol 2015; 116:818-21. [PMID: 26141200 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2015.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coffee is the most widely consumed beverage worldwide and is only second to water drinking and is consumed by 83% of adults in the United States. The long-held controversy regarding the association of coffee consumption with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and hypertension has been reversed by several recent prospective cohort studies and meta-analyses, which have demonstrated that coffee consumption is not associated with increased incidence of CVDs and hypertension and instead it could have a beneficial effect. To get a better understanding of the effects of coffee consumption on cardiovascular health, a Medline search of the English language literature was conducted from 2010 to early 2015 and 25 pertinent reports with information on the effects of coffee drinking, the incidence of CVDs, and hypertension and its mechanism of action were selected for inclusion in this commentary. These studies have shown either a neutral or beneficial effect of coffee on cardiovascular health. In conclusion, coffee is safe to drink by both normal subjects and by those with preexisting CVDs and hypertension.
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Boef AGC, Dekkers OM, le Cessie S. Mendelian randomization studies: a review of the approaches used and the quality of reporting. Int J Epidemiol 2015; 44:496-511. [PMID: 25953784 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mendelian randomization (MR) studies investigate the effect of genetic variation in levels of an exposure on an outcome, thereby using genetic variation as an instrumental variable (IV). We provide a meta-epidemiological overview of the methodological approaches used in MR studies, and evaluate the discussion of MR assumptions and reporting of statistical methods. METHODS We searched PubMed, Medline, Embase and Web of Science for MR studies up to December 2013. We assessed (i) the MR approach used; (ii) whether the plausibility of MR assumptions was discussed; and (iii) whether the statistical methods used were reported adequately. RESULTS Of 99 studies using data from one study population, 32 used genetic information as a proxy for the exposure without further estimation, 44 performed a formal IV analysis, 7 compared the observed with the expected genotype-outcome association, and 1 used both the latter two approaches. The 80 studies using data from multiple study populations used many different approaches to combine the data; 52 of these studies used some form of IV analysis; 44% of studies discussed the plausibility of all three MR assumptions in their study. Statistical methods used for IV analysis were insufficiently described in 14% of studies. CONCLUSIONS Most MR studies either use the genotype as a proxy for exposure without further estimation or perform an IV analysis. The discussion of underlying assumptions and reporting of statistical methods for IV analysis are frequently insufficient. Studies using data from multiple study populations are further complicated by the combination of data or estimates. We provide a checklist for the reporting of MR studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G C Boef
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Olaf M Dekkers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, and Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Guessous I, Pruijm M, Ponte B, Ackermann D, Ehret G, Ansermot N, Vuistiner P, Staessen J, Gu Y, Paccaud F, Mohaupt M, Vogt B, Pechère-Bertschi A, Pechère-Berstchi A, Martin PY, Burnier M, Eap CB, Bochud M. Associations of ambulatory blood pressure with urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolite excretions. Hypertension 2015; 65:691-6. [PMID: 25489060 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.114.04512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intake of caffeinated beverages might be associated with reduced cardiovascular mortality possibly via the lowering of blood pressure. We estimated the association of ambulatory blood pressure with urinary caffeine and caffeine metabolites in a population-based sample. Families were randomly selected from the general population of Swiss cities. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was conducted using validated devices. Urinary caffeine, paraxanthine, theophylline, and theobromine excretions were measured in 24 hours urine using ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. We used mixed models to explore the associations of urinary excretions with blood pressure although adjusting for major confounders. The 836 participants (48.9% men) included in this analysis had mean age of 47.8 and mean 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 120.1 and 78.0 mm Hg. For each doubling of caffeine excretion, 24-hour and night-time systolic blood pressure decreased by 0.642 and 1.107 mm Hg (both P values <0.040). Similar inverse associations were observed for paraxanthine and theophylline. Adjusted night-time systolic blood pressure in the first (lowest), second, third, and fourth (highest) quartile of paraxanthine urinary excretions were 110.3, 107.3, 107.3, and 105.1 mm Hg, respectively (P trend <0.05). No associations of urinary excretions with diastolic blood pressure were generally found, and theobromine excretion was not associated with blood pressure. Anti-hypertensive therapy, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol consumption modify the association of caffeine urinary excretion with systolic blood pressure. Ambulatory systolic blood pressure was inversely associated with urinary excretions of caffeine and other caffeine metabolites. Our results are compatible with a potential protective effect of caffeine on blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idris Guessous
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.).
| | - Menno Pruijm
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Belén Ponte
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Daniel Ackermann
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Georg Ehret
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Nicolas Ansermot
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Philippe Vuistiner
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Jan Staessen
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Yumei Gu
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Fred Paccaud
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Markus Mohaupt
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Bruno Vogt
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | | | - Antoinette Pechère-Berstchi
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Pierre-Yves Martin
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Michel Burnier
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Chin B Eap
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.)
| | - Murielle Bochud
- From the Unit of Population Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G.), Service of Nephrology, Department of Specialties (B.P., P.-Y.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.E.), and Unit of Hypertension, Department of Community Medicine and Primary Care and Emergency Medicine (I.G., A.P.-B.), University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland; Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (IUMSP) (I.G., B.P., G.E., P.V., F.P., M.B.), and Department of Medicine, Service of Nephrology (M.P., M.B.), University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Clinic for Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital and University of Bern, Switzerland (D.A., M.M., B.V.); Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Hospital of Cery, Prilly, Switzerland (N.A., C.B.E.); Studies Coordinating Centre, Research Unit Hypertension and Cardiovascular Epidemiology, KU Leuven, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Leuven, Belgium (J.S., Y.G.); Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands (J.S.); and Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland (C.B.E.).
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world and has been associated with many health conditions. This review examines the limitations of the classic epidemiological approach to studies of coffee and health, and describes the progress in systems epidemiology of coffee and its correlated constituent, caffeine. Implications and applications of this growing body of knowledge are also discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Population-based metabolomic studies of coffee replicate coffee-metabolite correlations observed in clinical settings but have also identified novel metabolites of coffee response, such as specific sphingomyelin derivatives and acylcarnitines. Genome-wide analyses of self-reported coffee and caffeine intake and serum levels of caffeine support an overwhelming role for caffeine in modulating the coffee consumption behavior. Interindividual variation in the physiological exposure or response to any of the many chemicals present in coffee may alter the persistence and magnitude of their effects. It is thus imperative that future studies of coffee and health account for this variation. SUMMARY Systems epidemiological approaches promise to inform causality, parse the constituents of coffee responsible for health effects, and identify the subgroups most likely to benefit from increasing or decreasing coffee consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C Cornelis
- aDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois bDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health cChanning Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Perera V, Gross AS, Polasek TM, Qin Y, Rao G, Forrest A, Xu J, McLachlan AJ. Considering CYP1A2 phenotype and genotype for optimizing the dose of olanzapine in the management of schizophrenia. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2013; 9:1115-37. [PMID: 23641727 DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2013.795540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Schizophrenia, a mental disorder, is a debilitating condition which typically strikes young people in their early 20's. Antipsychotic medications are widely prescribed for the treatment of schizophrenia however a balancing act is necessary to provide the correct dose to each patient. It is suggested that a large number of patients discontinue antipsychotic pharmacotherapy because the treatments provided do not always reduce the positive symptoms of the disease, while many have adverse effects on the patients. This implies that neither the incorrect drug nor the optimal dosage for that patient is achieved. AREAS COVERED The current review investigates variability in response to olanzapine with a specific focus on the common intrinsic and extrinsic factors that influence both olanzapine and CYP1A2 activity. Furthermore, the authors discuss the utilization of phenotyping and genotyping of CYP1A2 and their potential utility in clinical practice for olanzapine dosing regimens. The authors also consider the potential of pharmacometrics compared to pharmacogenomics as a tool to personalize medicine. EXPERT OPINION Careful consideration must be given to the impact of a genetic variant on the disposition of a drug prior to implementing genetic 'tests' to determine response. CYP1A2 phenotypic assessment can yield important information regarding the disposition of olanzapine; however, it relies on the accuracy of the metric and the minimal impact of other metabolic pathways. The application of pharmacometrics provides an effective method to establish covariates that significantly influence olanzapine disposition which can incorporate phenotype and/or genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya Perera
- University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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Fava C, Sjögren M, Montagnana M, Danese E, Almgren P, Engström G, Nilsson P, Hedblad B, Guidi GC, Minuz P, Melander O. Prediction of blood pressure changes over time and incidence of hypertension by a genetic risk score in Swedes. Hypertension 2012; 61:319-26. [PMID: 23232644 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.112.202655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Recent Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have pinpointed different single nucleotide polymorphisms consistently associated with blood pressure (BP) and hypertension prevalence. However, little data exist regarding single nucleotide polymorphisms predicting BP variation over time and hypertension incidence. The aim of this study was to confirm the association of a genetic risk score (GRS), based on 29 independent single nucleotide polymorphisms, with cross-sectional BP and hypertension prevalence and to challenge its prediction of BP change over time and hypertension incidence in >17 000 middle-aged Swedes participating in a prospective study, the Malmö Preventive Project, investigated at baseline and over a 23-year average period of follow-up. The GRS was associated with higher systolic and diastolic BP values both at baseline (β ± SEM, 0.968 ± 0.102 mm Hg and 0.585 ± 0.064 mm Hg; P<1E-19 for both) and at reinvestigation (β ± SEM, 1.333 ± 0.161 mm Hg and 0.724 ± 0.086 mm Hg; P<1E-15 for both) and with increased hypertension prevalence (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.192 [1.140-1.245] and 1.144 [1.107-1.183]; P<1E-15 for both). The GRS was positively associated with change (Δ) in BP (β ± SEM, 0.033 ± 0.008 mm Hg/y and 0.023 ± 0.004 mm Hg/y; P<1E-04 for both) and hypertension incidence (odds ratio [95% CI], 1.110 [1.065-1.156]; P=6.7 E-07), independently from traditional risk factors. The relative weight of the GRS was lower in magnitude than obesity or prehypertension, but comparable with diabetes mellitus or a positive family history of hypertension. A C-statistics analysis does not show any improvement in the prediction of incident hypertension on top of traditional risk factors. Our data from a large cohort study show that a GRS is independently associated with BP increase and incidence of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Fava
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, University Hospital of Malmö, Sweden.
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Sim SC, Kacevska M, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Pharmacogenomics of drug-metabolizing enzymes: a recent update on clinical implications and endogenous effects. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2012; 13:1-11. [PMID: 23089672 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2012.45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interindividual differences in drug disposition are important causes for adverse drug reactions and lack of drug response. The majority of phase I and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) are polymorphic and constitute essential factors for the outcome of drug therapy. Recently, both genome-wide association (GWA) studies with a focus on drug response, as well as more targeted studies of genes encoding DMEs have revealed in-depth information and provided additional information for variation in drug metabolism and drug response, resulting in increased knowledge that aids drug development and clinical practice. In addition, an increasing number of meta-analyses have been published based on several original and often conflicting pharmacogenetic studies. Here, we review data regarding the pharmacogenomics of DMEs, with particular emphasis on novelties. We conclude that recent studies have emphasized the importance of CYP2C19 polymorphism for the effects of clopidogrel, whereas the CYP2C9 polymorphism appears to have a role in anticoagulant treatment, although inferior to VKORC1. Furthermore, the analgesic and side effects of codeine in relation to CYP2D6 polymorphism are supported and the influence of CYP2D6 genotype on breast cancer recurrence during tamoxifen treatment appears relevant as based on three large studies. The influence of CYP2D6 polymorphism on the effect of antidepressants in a clinical setting is yet without any firm evidence, and the relation between CYP2D6 ultrarapid metabolizers and suicide behavior warrants further studies. There is evidence for the influence of CYP3A5 polymorphism on tacrolimus dose, although the influence on response is less studied. Recent large GWA studies support a link between CYP1A2 polymorphism and blood pressure as well as coffee consumption, and between CYP2A6 polymorphism and cigarette consumption, which in turn appears to influence the lung cancer incidence. Regarding phase II enzyme polymorphism, the anticancer treatment with mercaptopurines and irinotecan is still considered important in relation to the polymorphism of TPMT and UGT1A1, respectively. There is a need for further clarification of the clinical importance and use of all these findings, but the recent research in the field that encompasses larger studies and a whole genome perspective, improves the possibilities be able to make firm and cost-effective recommendations for drug treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Sim
- Section of Pharmacogenetics, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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