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Perrin S, Protic S, Bretegnier V, Laurendeau I, de Lageneste OD, Panara N, Ruckebusch O, Luka M, Masson C, Maillard T, Coulpier F, Pannier S, Wicart P, Hadj-Rabia S, Radomska KJ, Zarhrate M, Ménager M, Vidaud D, Topilko P, Parfait B, Colnot C. MEK-SHP2 inhibition prevents tibial pseudarthrosis caused by NF1 loss in Schwann cells and skeletal stem/progenitor cells. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadj1597. [PMID: 38924432 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a severe pathology marked by spontaneous bone fractures that fail to heal, leading to fibrous nonunion. Half of patients with CPT are affected by the multisystemic genetic disorder neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) caused by mutations in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene, a negative regulator of RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Here, we analyzed patients with CPT and Prss56-Nf1 knockout mice to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of CPT-related fibrous nonunion and explored a pharmacological approach to treat CPT. We identified NF1-deficient Schwann cells and skeletal stem/progenitor cells (SSPCs) in pathological periosteum as affected cell types driving fibrosis. Whereas NF1-deficient SSPCs adopted a fibrotic fate, NF1-deficient Schwann cells produced critical paracrine factors including transforming growth factor-β and induced fibrotic differentiation of wild-type SSPCs. To counteract the elevated RAS-MAPK signaling in both NF1-deficient Schwann cells and SSPCs, we used MAPK kinase (MEK) and Src homology 2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) inhibitors. Combined MEK-SHP2 inhibition in vivo prevented fibrous nonunion in the Prss56-Nf1 knockout mouse model, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of fibrous nonunion in CPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Perrin
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Sanela Protic
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94000 Creteil, France
| | | | - Ingrid Laurendeau
- INSERM UMR S1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Panara
- INSERM UMR S1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Odile Ruckebusch
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, Plateforme de Cytométrie en flux, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Marine Luka
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inflammatory Responses and Transcriptomic Networks in Diseases, Atip-Avenir Team, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Labtech Single-Cell@Imagine, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Masson
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Institut Imagine-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
- INSERM US24/CNRS UAR3633, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Théodora Maillard
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, DMU BioPhyGen, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Fanny Coulpier
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Stéphanie Pannier
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Philippe Wicart
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Smail Hadj-Rabia
- Department of Dermatology, Reference Center for Rare Skin Diseases (MAGEC), Imagine Institute, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
| | | | - Mohammed Zarhrate
- INSERM US24/CNRS UAR3633, Paris Cité University, 75015 Paris, France
- Genomics Core Facility, Institut Imagine-Structure Fédérative de Recherche Necker, INSERM U1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Mickael Ménager
- Paris Cité University, Imagine Institute, Laboratory of Inflammatory Responses and Transcriptomic Networks in Diseases, Atip-Avenir Team, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
- Labtech Single-Cell@Imagine, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Dominique Vidaud
- INSERM UMR S1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, DMU BioPhyGen, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Piotr Topilko
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94000 Creteil, France
| | - Béatrice Parfait
- INSERM UMR S1016, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France
- Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies de Système et d'Organe, Hôpital Cochin, DMU BioPhyGen, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, F-75014 Paris, France
| | - Céline Colnot
- Université Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, 94000 Creteil, France
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Wang X, Mijiti W, Jia Q, Yi Z, Ma J, Zhou Z, Xie Z. Exploration of altered miRNA expression and function in MSC-derived extracellular vesicles in response to hydatid antigen stimulation. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1381012. [PMID: 38601938 PMCID: PMC11004373 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1381012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Hydatid disease is caused by Echinococcus parasites and can affect various tissues and organs in the body. The disease is characterized by the presence of hydatid cysts, which contain specific antigens that interact with the host's immune system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells that can regulate immunity through the secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing microRNAs (miRNAs). Methods In this study, hydatid antigens were isolated from sheep livers and mice peritoneal cavities. MSCs derived from mouse bone marrow were treated with different hydatid antigens, and EVs were isolated and characterized from the conditioned medium of MSCs. Small RNA library construction, miRNA target prediction, and differential expression analysis were conducted to identify differentially expressed miRNAs. Functional enrichment and network construction were performed to explore the biological functions of the target genes. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used for miRNA and gene expression verification, while ELISA assays quantified TNF, IL-1, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10 levels in cell supernatants. Results The study successfully isolated hydatid antigens and characterized MSC-derived EVs, demonstrating the impact of antigen concentration on MSC viability. Key differentially expressed miRNAs, such as miR-146a and miR-9-5p, were identified, with functional analyses revealing significant pathways like Endocytosis and MAPK signaling associated with these miRNAs' target genes. The miRNA-HUB gene regulatory network identified crucial miRNAs and HUB genes, such as Traf1 and Tnf, indicating roles in immune modulation and osteogenic differentiation. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis highlighted central HUB genes like Akt1 and Bcl2. ALP activity assays confirmed the influence of antigens on osteogenic differentiation, with reduced ALP activity observed. Expression analysis validated altered miRNA and chemokine expression post-antigen stimulation, with ELISA analysis showing a significant reduction in CXCL1 expression in response to antigen exposure. Conclusion This study provides insights into the role of MSC-derived EVs in regulating parasite immunity. The findings suggest that hydatid antigens can modulate the expression of miRNAs in MSC-derived EVs, leading to changes in chemokine expression and osteogenic capacity. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the immunomodulatory mechanisms involved in hydatid disease and provide potential therapeutic targets for the development of new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wubulikasimu Mijiti
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhifei Yi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junchao Ma
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Ziyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zengru Xie
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang (Xinjiang Medical University), Ministry of Education, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China
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Kaspiris A, Vasiliadis E, Iliopoulos ID, Panagopoulos F, Melissaridou D, Lianou I, Ntourantonis D, Savvidou OD, Papadimitriou E, Pneumaticos SG. Bone mineral density, vitamin D and osseous metabolism indices in neurofibromatosis type 1: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Bone 2024; 180:116992. [PMID: 38141750 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2023.116992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a genetic autosomal neurocutaneous syndrome correlated with skeletal dysplasia and defects in the osseous microarchitecture. The physiological mechanism for the development of NF1-related bone abnormal turnover is still unclear. OBJECTIVES A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of NF1 on bone mineral density (BMD) and osseous metabolic indices in order to provide clinical evidence for the pathogenesis of the associated skeletal deformities. METHODS A systematic literature review search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines in the PubMed/Medline and Web of Science databases from the date of inception of each database through to 10 September 2023. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied for the identification of studies examining the effects of NF1 on bone strength and metabolism. The Newcastle-Ottawa and Jadad scales were applied to assess the quality of the included studies. RevMan 5.3 software was used for the analysis of the data, and MedCalc was applied to examine publication bias. RESULTS Overall, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria comprised of 5 cross-sectional, 6 case-control and 2 retrospective studies. 703 patients and 973 healthy subjects formed the NF1 and control group, respectively. The results of the meta-analysis displayed that lumbar (SMD = -3.85, 95%CI = -7.53 to -0.18, Z = 2.05, p = 0.04) and femoral (SMD = -4.78, 95%CI = -8.86 to -0.69, Z = 2.29, p = 0.02) BMD was reduced in the NF1 group. Both in children and adults the serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D3 were also decreased in NF1 group, but without any statistical significance (SMD = -0.62, 95%CI = -1.34 to -0.11, Z = 1.66, p = 0.10). Serum Parathyroid hormone (PTH) (SMD = 0.73, 95%CI = 0.31 to 1.15, Z = 3.43, p = 0.0006) and C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) (SMD = 0.82, 95%CI = 0.33 to 1.30, Z = 3.29, p = 0.001) were elevated in NF1 patients, while serum calcium (SMD = -0.10, 95%CI = -0.74 to 0.53, Z = 0.32, p = 0.75) phosphorous (SMD = 0.33, 95%CI = -0.38 to 1.05, Z = 0.92, p = 0.36), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (SMD = -0.36, 95%CI = -0.77 to 0.05, Z = 1.71, p = 0.09), osteocalcin (SMD = 1.81, 95%CI = -0.37 to -3.98, Z = 1.63, p = 0.10) and bone formation markers (SMD = 0.28, 95%CI = -0.37 to -0.94, Z = 0.85, p = 0.39) were not. CONCLUSION NF1 is associated with decreased BMD at the lumbar spine and femur. Taking into account that the serum levels of PTH, CTX were increased whereas the concentrations of vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous, ALP, osteocalcin and bone formation markers were not altered significantly in the NF1 patients compared with the healthy subjects, a vitamin D independent dysregulated bone cellular activity could be considered. STUDY REGISTRATION Registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023424751).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Kaspiris
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece.
| | - Elias Vasiliadis
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, "KAT" General Hospital and Medical School, University of Athens, Athens 14561, Greece
| | - Ilias D Iliopoulos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, "Rion" University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504,Greece
| | - Fotis Panagopoulos
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, General Hospital of Eastern Achaia-NHS, Aigion, Greece
| | - Dimitra Melissaridou
- First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University General Hospital, Rimini 1, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Ioanna Lianou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, "Rion" University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504,Greece
| | - Dimitrios Ntourantonis
- Emergency Department, Rion" University Hospital and Medical School, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Olga D Savvidou
- First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University General Hospital, Rimini 1, Athens 12462, Greece
| | - Evangelia Papadimitriou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Spiros G Pneumaticos
- Third Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, "KAT" General Hospital and Medical School, University of Athens, Athens 14561, Greece
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Liu D, Zhao X, Zhang Q, Zhou F, Tong X. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote osteoblast proliferation, migration and inhibit apoptosis by regulating KLF3-AS1/miR-338-3p. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2024; 25:122. [PMID: 38336637 PMCID: PMC10854165 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-024-07236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on osteoblast function. METHODS The expression of KLF3-AS1 and miR-338-3p in serum of fracture patients was detected by qRT-PCR. Exosomes from BMSCs were isolated by ultrafast centrifugation. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in vitro as experimental cells. Intracellular gene expression was regulated by transfection of si-KLF3-AS1 or miR-338-3p inhibitors. MTT assay, Transwell assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate cell viability, migration, and apoptosis. The luciferase reporter gene was used to verify the targeting relationship between KLF3-AS1 and miR-338-3p. Bioinformatics analysis was used to identify the basic functions and possible enrichment pathways of miR-338-3p target genes. RESULTS The expressions of KLF3-AS1 and miR-338-3p in the serum of fracture patients were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively. The expression of KLF3-AS1 was increased in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with BMSCs-Exo, while the viability and migration ability of MC3T3-E1 cells were enhanced, and the apoptosis ability was weakened. Further analysis revealed miR-338-3p was the target gene of KLF3-AS1. The expression of miR-338-3p was downregulated in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured with BMSCs-Exo. Inhibition of miR-338-3p in MC3T3-E1 cells enhanced the viability and migration ability of MC3T3-E1 cells when cultured with BMSCs-Exo, while suppressing apoptosis. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the target genes of miR-338-3p were predominantly localized at the axon's initiation site, involved in biological processes such as development and growth regulation, and mainly enriched in MAPK and ErbB signaling pathways. CONCLUSION In vitro, BMSCs-Exo exhibits the capacity to enhance proliferation and migration while inhibiting apoptosis of MC3T3-E1 cells, potentially achieved through modulation of KLF3-AS1 and miR-338-3p expression in MC3T3-E1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacheng Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 269 University Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou, 221100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuechao Zhao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 269 University Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou, 221100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 269 University Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou, 221100, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Operating Room, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, 221006, China
| | - Xiangyang Tong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, 269 University Road, Tongshan District, Xuzhou, 221100, Jiangsu, China.
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Antico A, Vitulli F, Rossi A, Gaggero G, Piatelli G, Consales A. Pathogenesis and treatment of a giant occipital bone defect with meningoencephalocele in an NF1 child: case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst 2024; 40:27-39. [PMID: 37993698 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-023-06232-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal dominantly inherited neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is a systemic disorder caused by a mutation of a gene on chromosome 17q11.2 and characterized by multiple café-au-lait spots, lentiginous macules, Lisch nodules of the iris, and tumors of the nervous system. Bony manifestations such as scoliosis, dysplasia of the greater sphenoidal wing, tibial pseudoarthrosis, short stature, and macrocephaly have been reported in approximately 50% of patients. However, calvarial bone defects are rare. After screening 324 articles, 23 cases (12 adult and 11 pediatric patients) of occipital bone defects in NF1 patients were selected. All patients had a single/multiple bone defect over the lambdoid suture. Adjacent benign plexiform neurofibromas were observed in 14 patients (60.8%, 7 adults and 7 children); one adult patient was diagnosed with neurofibrosarcoma. Meningoencephalocele over the occipital defect was noted in 8 cases (34.78%, all adults). Cranioplasty was performed in only 17.39% of patients. Histologic examination was performed in 7 of the 15 patients with associated neurofibromas/neurofibrosarcomas. Biopsy of the bone margins surrounding the defect was performed in only one case. Pathologic examination of the herniated parieto-occipital or cerebellar tissue was not performed in any of the patients studied. We report the case of a 9-year-old girl with NF1 and a significant occipital bone defect and performed a systematic review of the relevant literature to highlight the challenges in treating this condition and to investigate the underlying mechanisms contributing to bone defects or dysplasia in NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Antico
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience Rita Levi Montalcini, Neurosurgery Unit, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitulli
- Neurosurgery Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy.
- Department of Neurosciences and Reproductive and Dental Sciences, Division of Neurosurgery, "Federico II" University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
| | - Andrea Rossi
- Neuroradiology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
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Rogawski DS, Tong E, Campen C. Spinal Neurofibromatosis (SNF): A Variant Phenotype of Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). J Pediatr 2023; 261:113571. [PMID: 37339702 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2023.113571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David S Rogawski
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Elizabeth Tong
- Department of Radiology, Stanford Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - Cynthia Campen
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Palo Alto, California
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Weiss JB, Raber J. Inhibition of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (Alk) as Therapeutic Target to Improve Brain Function in Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (Nf1). Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4579. [PMID: 37760547 PMCID: PMC10526845 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (Nf1) is a neurodevelopmental disorder and tumor syndrome caused by loss of function mutations in the neurofibromin gene (Nf1) and is estimated to affect 100,000 people in the US. Behavioral alterations and cognitive deficits have been found in 50-70% of children with Nf1 and include specific problems with attention, visual perception, language, learning, attention, and executive function. These behavioral alterations and cognitive deficits are observed in the absence of tumors or macroscopic structural abnormalities in the central nervous system. No effective treatments for the behavioral and cognitive disabilities of Nf1 exist. Inhibition of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (Alk), a kinase which is negatively regulated by neurofibromin, allows for testing the hypothesis that this inhibition may be therapeutically beneficial in Nf1. In this review, we discuss this area of research and directions for the development of alternative therapeutic strategies to inhibit Alk. Even if the incidence of adverse reactions of currently available Alk inhibitors was reduced to half the dose, we anticipate that a long-term treatment would pose challenges for efficacy, safety, and tolerability. Therefore, future efforts are warranted to investigate alternative, potentially less toxic and more specific strategies to inhibit Alk function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph B. Weiss
- Cardiovascular Institute and Warren Alpert School of Medicine at Brown University, Providence, RI 02840, USA
| | - Jacob Raber
- Departments of Behavioral Neuroscience, Neurology, and Radiation Medicine, Division of Neuroscience, ONPRC, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Klein C, Gindraux F, Masquelet AC, Mentaverri R, Gouron R. Questions about Using the Induced Membrane Technique to Manage Cases of Congenital Tibial Pseudarthrosis. Cells 2023; 12:1918. [PMID: 37508581 PMCID: PMC10378057 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The induced membrane technique is an innovative approach for repairing critical bone defects and has been applied recently in patients with congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT). CPT is frequently associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Here, we briefly describe the clinical results of the induced membrane technique in NF1-deficient patients with CPT and in an animal model of CPT. Furthermore, we discuss the hypotheses used to explain inconsistent outcomes for the induced membrane technique in CPT-especially when associated with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Klein
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80054 Amiens, France
- MP3CV-EA7517, CURS-Amiens University Medical Center, Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80025 Amiens, France
- Service D'orthopédie et Traumatologie Pédiatrique, CHU Amiens-Picardie, F-80054 Amiens CEDEX 1, France
| | - Florelle Gindraux
- CHU Besançon, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Plastique, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie, Université de Franche-Comté, Thérapeutique EA 4662 (LNIT), F-25000 Besançon, France
| | | | - Romuald Mentaverri
- MP3CV-EA7517, CURS-Amiens University Medical Center, Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80025 Amiens, France
- CHU Besançon, Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique, Traumatologique et Plastique, F-25000 Besançon, France
- Laboratoire de Nanomédecine, Imagerie, Université de Franche-Comté, Thérapeutique EA 4662 (LNIT), F-25000 Besançon, France
- Hôpital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France
- Department of Biochemistry and Endocrine Biology, Amiens University Medical Center, Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80025 Amiens, France
| | - Richard Gouron
- Department of Paediatric Orthopaedic Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, Jules Verne University of Picardie, F-80054 Amiens, France
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Charoenngam N, Wattanachayakul P, Jaroenlapnopparat A, Ungprasert P, Chenbhanich J. Bone Mineral Density in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Calcif Tissue Int 2023:10.1007/s00223-023-01094-z. [PMID: 37221347 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-023-01094-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
To assess BMD in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) using systematic review and meta-analysis technique. Potentially eligible studies were identified from Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to February 2023 using search strategy that comprised terms for "Bone mineral density" and Neurofibromatosis type 1″. Eligible study must include adult or pediatric patients with NF1. The study must report mean Z-score with variance of total body, lumbar spine, femoral neck or total hip BMD of the studied patients. Point estimates with standard errors were retrieved from each study and were combined using the generic inverse variance method. A total of 1,165 articles were identified. After systematic review, 19 studies were included. The meta-analysis revealed that patients with NF1 had negative mean Z-scores for total body BMD (pooled mean Z-score -0.808; 95%CI, -1.025 to -0.591) and BMD at lumbar spine (pooled mean Z-score -1.104; 95%CI, -1.376 to -0.833), femoral neck (pooled mean Z-score -0.726; 95%CI, -0.893 to -0.560) and total hip (pooled mean Z-score -1.126; 95%CI, -2.078 to -0.173). The subgroup meta-analysis in pediatric patients aged < 18 years revealed that patients with NF1 had negative mean Z-scores for lumbar spine BMD (pooled mean Z-score -0.938; 95%CI, -1.299 to -0.577) and femoral neck BMD (pooled mean Z-score -0.585; 95%CI, -0.872 to -0.298). The current meta-analysis found that patients with NF1 had low Z-scores although the degree of low BMD may not be of clinical significance. The results do not support the role of early BMD screening in children and young adults with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipith Charoenngam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Department of Medicine, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 330 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | | | | | - Patompong Ungprasert
- Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jirat Chenbhanich
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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10
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Xu J, Zhang Y, Zhu K, Li J, Guan Y, He X, Jin X, Bai G, Hu L. Clinical characteristics and in silico analysis of congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia combined with neurofibromatosis type 1 caused by a novel NF1 mutation. Front Genet 2022; 13:991314. [PMID: 36246612 PMCID: PMC9553987 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.991314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare congenital bone malformation, which has a strong relationship with Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). NF1 is an autosomal dominant disease leading to multisystem disorders. Here, we presented the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of one unique case of a five-generation Chinese family. The proband was CPT accompanied with NF1 due to NF1 mutation. The proband developed severe early-onset CPT combined with NF1 after birth. Appearance photos and X-ray images of the left limb of the proband showed significant bone malformation. Slit-lamp examination showed Lisch nodules in both eyes of the proband. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and Sanger sequencing confirmed the truncation variant of NF1 (c.871G>T, p. E291*). Sequence conservative and evolutionary conservation analysis indicated that the novel mutation (p.E291*) was highly conserved. The truncated mutation led to the loss of functional domains, including CSRD, GRD, TBD, SEC14-PH, CTD, and NLS. It may explain why the mutation led to a severe clinical feature. Our report expands the genotypic spectrum of NF1 mutations and the phenotypic spectrum of CPT combined with NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiabin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuelin Guan
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu He
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuejing Jin
- Centre for Evidence-based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guannan Bai
- Department of Child Health Care, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guannan Bai, ; Lidan Hu,
| | - Lidan Hu
- The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Guannan Bai, ; Lidan Hu,
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11
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Rajpar I, Tomlinson RE. Function of peripheral nerves in the development and healing of tendon and bone. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 123:48-56. [PMID: 33994302 PMCID: PMC8589913 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although the functions of the peripheral nervous system in whole body homeostasis and sensation have been understood for many years, recent investigation has uncovered new roles for innervation in the musculoskeletal system. This review centers on advances regarding the function of nerves in the development and repair of two connected tissues: tendon and bone. Innervation in healthy tendons is generally confined to the tendon sheaths, and tendon-bone attachment units are typically aneural. In contrast to tendon, bone is an innervated and vascularized structure. Historically, the function of abundant peripheral nerves in bone has been limited to pain and some non-painful sensory perception in disease and injury. Indeed, much of our understanding of peripheral nerves in tendons, bones, and entheses is limited to the source and type of innervation in healthy and injured tissues. However, more recent studies have made important observations regarding the appearance, type, and innervation patterns of nerves during embryonic and postnatal development and in response to injury, which suggest a more expansive role for peripheral nerves in the formation of musculoskeletal tissues. Indeed, tendons and bones develop in a close spatiotemporal relationship in the embryonic mesoderm. Models of limb denervation have shed light on the importance of sensory innervation in bone and to a lesser extent, tendon development, and more recent work has unraveled key nerve signaling pathways. Furthermore, loss of sensory innervation also impairs healing of bone fractures and may contribute to chronic tendinopathy. However, more study is required to translate our knowledge of peripheral nerves to therapeutic strategies to combat bone and tendon diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtesam Rajpar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ryan E Tomlinson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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12
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Prevalence and characteristics of systemic conditions in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery: a retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 51:1205-1210. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Ali TM, Linnenkamp BDW, Yamamoto GL, Honjo RS, Cabral de Menezes Filho H, Kim CA, Bertola DR. The recurrent homozygous translation start site variant in CCDC134 in an individual with severe osteogenesis imperfecta of non-Morrocan ancestry. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1545-1549. [PMID: 35019224 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare low-bone mass skeletal Mendelian disorder characterized by bone fragility leading to bone fractures, with deformities and stunted growth in the more severe phenotypes. Other common, nonskeletal findings include blue sclerae and dentinogenesis imperfecta. It is caused mainly by quantitative or structural defects in type I collagen, although dysregulation of different signaling pathways that play a role in bone morphogenesis has been described to be associated with a small fraction of individuals with OI. Recently, a homozygous variant in the translation start site of CCDC134, showing increased activation of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, has been reported in three families of Moroccan origin with a severe, deforming form of OI. We report on a 9-year-old Brazilian boy, harboring the same homozygous variant in CCDC134, also presenting severe bone involvement. This report contributes to the phenotypic delineation of this novel autosomal recessive form of OI, which presents with high prevalence of nonunion fractures considered rare events in OI in general. In addition, it expands the phenotype to include base skull anomalies, potentially leading to serious complications, as seen in severe forms of OI. A poor response to bisphosphonate therapy was observed in these individuals. As the variant in CCDC134 leads to dysregulation of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, drugs targeted to this pathway could be an alternative to achieve a better management of these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taccyanna M Ali
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca D W Linnenkamp
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Yamamoto
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Diagnóstico das Américas SA, DASA, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rachel S Honjo
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hamilton Cabral de Menezes Filho
- Unidade de Endocrinologia Pediátrica, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Chong Ae Kim
- Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora R Bertola
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Unidade de Genética, Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Lv X, Xu J, Jiang J, Wu P, Tan R, Wang B. Genetic animal models of scoliosis: A systematical review. Bone 2021; 152:116075. [PMID: 34174503 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Scoliosis is a complex disease with undetermined pathogenesis and has a strong relationship with genetics. Models of scoliosis in animals have been established for better comprehending its pathogenesis and treatment. In this review, we searched all the genetic animal models with body curvature in databases, and reviewed the related genes and scoliosis types. Meanwhile, we also summarized the pathogenesis of scoliosis reported so far. Summarizing the positive phenotypic animal models contributes to a better understanding on the pathogenesis of scoliosis and facilitates the selection of experimental models when a possible pathogenic factor is concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lv
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jinghong Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiajiong Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Renchun Tan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Bing Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan, China.
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15
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Fowlkes JL, Thrailkill KM, Bunn RC. RASopathies: The musculoskeletal consequences and their etiology and pathogenesis. Bone 2021; 152:116060. [PMID: 34144233 PMCID: PMC8316423 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The RASopathies comprise an ever-growing number of clinical syndromes resulting from germline mutations in components of the RAS/MAPK signaling pathway. While multiple organs and tissues may be affected by these mutations, this review will focus on how these mutations specifically impact the musculoskeletal system. Herein, we review the genetics and musculoskeletal phenotypes of these syndromes in humans. We discuss how mutations in the RASopathy syndromes have been studied in translational mouse models. Finally, we discuss how signaling molecules within the RAS/MAPK pathway are involved in normal and abnormal bone biology in the context of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Fowlkes
- University of Kentucky Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America.
| | - Kathryn M Thrailkill
- University of Kentucky Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
| | - R Clay Bunn
- University of Kentucky Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States of America
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16
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Li Y, Zhu M, Lin X, Li J, Yuan Z, Liu Y, Xu H. Autophagy is involved in neurofibromatosis type I gene-modulated osteogenic differentiation in human bone mesenchymal stem cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1262. [PMID: 34603530 PMCID: PMC8453340 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant genetic disease that is caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. Various studies have previously demonstrated that the mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway is essential for the NF1-modulated osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Additionally, the mTOR signaling pathway plays a notable role in autophagy. The present study hypothesized that NF1 could modulate the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs by regulating the autophagic activities of BMSCs. In the present study, human BMSCs were cultured in an osteogenic induction medium. The expression of the NF1 gene was either knocked down or overexpressed by transfection with a specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting NF1 or the pcDNA3.0 NF1-overexpression plasmid, respectively. Autophagic activities of BMSCs (Beclin-1, P62, LC3B I, and LC3B II) were determined using western blotting, electron microscopy, acridine orange (AO) staining and autophagic flux/lysosomal detection by fluorescence microscopy. In addition, the autophagy activator rapamycin (RAPA) and inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) were used to investigate the effects of autophagy on NF1-modulated osteogenic differentiation in BMSCs. Inhibiting NF1 with siRNA significantly decreased the expression levels of autophagy markers Beclin-1 and LC3B-II, in addition to osteogenic differentiation markers osterix, runt-related transcription factor 2 and alkaline phosphatase. By contrast, overexpressing NF1 with pcDNA3.0 significantly increased their levels. Transmission electron microscopy, AO staining and autophagic flux/lysosomal detection assays revealed that the extent of autophagosome formation was significantly decreased in the NF1-siRNA group but significantly increased in the NF1-pcDNA3.0 group when compared with the NC-siRNA and pcDNA3.0 groups, respectively. In addition, the activity of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway [phosphorylated (p)-PI3K, p-AKT, p-mTOR and p-p70S6 kinase] was significantly upregulated in the NF1-siRNA group compared with the NC-siRNA group, and significantly inhibited in the NF1-pcDNA3.0 group, compared with the pcDNA3.0 group. The knockdown effects of NF1-siRNA on the autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were reversed by the autophagy activator RAPA, while the overexpression effects of NF1-pcDNA3.0 on the autophagy and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs were reversed by the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA. In conclusion, results from the present study suggest at the involvement of autophagy in the NF1-modulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Furthermore, NF1 may partially regulate the autophagic activity of BMSCs through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Mingwei Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Jingchun Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Yuan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Yanhan Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
| | - Hongwen Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, P.R. China
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17
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Zhang T, Han T, Dong Z, Li C, Lu W. Characterization of Two Loss-of-Function NF1 Variants in Chinese Patients and Potential Molecular Interpretations of Phenotypes. Front Genet 2021; 12:660592. [PMID: 34046057 PMCID: PMC8144720 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.660592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder characterized by cafe'-au-lait spots, skinfold freckles, the formation of neurofibromas, skeletal dysplasia, vascular dysplasia, and an increased risk of malignant tumors. In this study, two Chinese NF1 children troubled with bone lesions or hypertension were reported. A de novo NF1 mutation (c.4925T > A/p.V1642E) and a maternally inherited NF1 mutation (c.4883T > A/p.L1628∗) were identified by molecular sequence. According to the ACMG/AMP guidelines, the c.4925T > A was classified as variants of uncertain significance (VOUS) while the c.4883T > A mutation was identified as likely Pathogenic. Further study found that these two NF1 mutants had lost their function to inhibit the Ras/Erk signaling and the proliferation of cells, which could interpretate some phenotypes of these two NF1 patients. We also observed these two NF1 mutants displayed decreased protein stability with increased ubiquitination levels compared with that of wild-type NF1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiya Dong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of Pediatrics, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Zhang T, Jia C, Dong Z, Li C, Lu W. A novel mutation in NF1 gene of patient with Neurofibromatosis type 1: A case report and functional study. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2021; 9:e1643. [PMID: 33764694 PMCID: PMC8172195 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurofibromatosis type 1 is an autosomal dominant inherited disease and caused by NF1 gene mutation. Its clinical manifestations include multiple cafe´-au lait (CAL) spots, skinfold freckling, neurofibroma, bone dysplasia, learning disabilities, and an increased risk of malignancy. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, we reported a Chinese patient bearing with a novel NF1 mutation (c.2064delGGATGCAGCGG/p.Gly672AsnfsTer24) and complaining mainly about bone phenotype. Functional studies found that this novel mutation caused the damage of NF1 mRNA and protein levels, and lost the inhibition on Ras/Erk signaling. CONCLUSION A novel mutation in NF1 gene was identified and in vitro functional studies were performed, which provided a potential molecular mechanism to explain the bone maldevelopment of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Caiwei Jia
- Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhiya Dong
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chuanyin Li
- Cancer CenterShanghai Tenth People’s HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Wenli Lu
- Department of PediatricsRuijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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19
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Harder A. MEK inhibitors - novel targeted therapies of neurofibromatosis associated benign and malignant lesions. Biomark Res 2021; 9:26. [PMID: 33863389 PMCID: PMC8052700 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-021-00281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
MAP/ERK kinase 1 and 2 (MEK 1/2) inhibitors (MEKi) are investigated in several trials to treat lesions that arise from pathogenic variants of the Neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2 genes (NF1, NF2). These trials showed that MEKi are capable to shrink volume of low grade gliomas and plexiform neurofibromas in NF1. Targeting other lesions being associated with a high morbidity in NF1 seems to be promising. Due to involvement of multiple pathways in NF2 associated lesions as well as in malignant tumors, MEKi are also used in combination therapies. This review outlines the current state of MEKi application in neurofibromatosis and associated benign and malignant lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Harder
- Institute of Pathology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 14, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany. .,Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany. .,Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus - Senftenberg, the Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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20
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MEKK2 mediates aberrant ERK activation in neurofibromatosis type I. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5704. [PMID: 33177525 PMCID: PMC7658220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19555-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is characterized by prominent skeletal manifestations caused by NF1 loss. While inhibitors of the ERK activating kinases MEK1/2 are promising as a means to treat NF1, the broad blockade of the ERK pathway produced by this strategy is potentially associated with therapy limiting toxicities. Here, we have sought targets offering a more narrow inhibition of ERK activation downstream of NF1 loss in the skeleton, finding that MEKK2 is a novel component of a noncanonical ERK pathway in osteoblasts that mediates aberrant ERK activation after NF1 loss. Accordingly, despite mice with conditional deletion of Nf1 in mature osteoblasts (Nf1fl/fl;Dmp1-Cre) and Mekk2−/− each displaying skeletal defects, Nf1fl/fl;Mekk2−/−;Dmp1-Cre mice show an amelioration of NF1-associated phenotypes. We also provide proof-of-principle that FDA-approved inhibitors with activity against MEKK2 can ameliorate NF1 skeletal pathology. Thus, MEKK2 functions as a MAP3K in the ERK pathway in osteoblasts, offering a potential new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NF1. Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is characterized by prominent skeletal abnormalities mediated in part by aberrant ERK pathway activation due to NF1 loss-of-function. Here, the authors report the MEKK2 is a key mediator of this aberrant ERK activation and that MEKK2 inhibitors, including ponatinib, ameliorate skeletal defects in a mouse model of NF1.
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21
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Li Z, Oh H, Cung M, Marquez SJ, Sun J, Hammad H, Janssens S, Pouliot P, Lambrecht BN, Yang YS, Shim JH, Greenblatt MB. TAOK3 is a MAP3K contributing to osteoblast differentiation and skeletal mineralization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 531:497-502. [PMID: 32807497 PMCID: PMC7494564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Current anabolic drugs to treat osteoporosis and other disorders of low bone mass all have important limitations in terms of toxicity, contraindications, or poor efficacy in certain contexts. Addressing these limitations will require a better understanding of the molecular pathways, such as the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, that govern osteoblast differentiation and, thereby, skeletal mineralization. Whereas MAP3Ks functioning in the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and p38 pathways have been identified in osteoblasts, MAP3Ks mediating proximal activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway have yet to be identified. Here, we demonstrate that thousand-and-one kinase 3 (TAOK3, MAP3K18) functions as an upstream activator of the JNK pathway in osteoblasts both in vitro and in vivo. Taok3-deficient osteoblasts displayed defective JNK pathway activation and a marked decrease in osteoblast differentiation markers and defective mineralization, which was also confirmed using TAOK3 deficient osteoblasts derived from human MSCs. Additionally, reduced expression of Taok3 in a murine model resulted in osteopenia that phenocopies aspects of the Jnk1-associated skeletal phenotype such as occipital hypomineralization. Thus, in vitro and in vivo evidence supports TAOK3 as a proximal activator of the JNK pathway in osteoblasts that plays a critical role in skeletal mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA; Department of Sports Medicine & Research Center of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Hwanhee Oh
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Michelle Cung
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sofia Jenia Marquez
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Hamida Hammad
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Janssens
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Philippe Pouliot
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- VIB Inflammation Research Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yeon-Suk Yang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA01605, USA
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA01605, USA.
| | - Matthew B Greenblatt
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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22
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Wu JQ, Jiang N, Yu B. Mechanisms of action of neuropeptide Y on stem cells and its potential applications in orthopaedic disorders. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:986-1000. [PMID: 33033559 PMCID: PMC7524693 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal disorders are the leading causes of disability and result in reduced quality of life. The neuro-osteogenic network is one of the most promising fields in orthopaedic research. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) system has been reported to be involved in the regulations of bone metabolism and homeostasis, which also provide feedback to the central NPY system via NPY receptors. Currently, potential roles of peripheral NPY in bone metabolism remain unclear. Growing evidence suggests that NPY can regulate biological actions of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, endothelial cells, and chondrocytes via a local autocrine or paracrine manner by different NPY receptors. The regulative activities of NPY may be achieved through the plasticity of NPY receptors, and interactions among the targeted cells as well. In general, NPY can influence proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration, mobilization, and cytokine secretion of different types of cells, and play crucial roles in the development of bone delayed/non-union, osteoporosis, and osteoarthritis. Further basic research should clarify detailed mechanisms of action of NPY on stem cells, and clinical investigations are also necessary to comprehensively evaluate potential applications of NPY and its receptor-targeted drugs in management of musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qun Wu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Huadu District People’s Hospital, Guangzhou 510800, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Division of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
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23
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Choi H, Kim Y, Kang D, Kwon A, Kim J, Min Kim J, Park SS, Kim YJ, Min CK, Kim M. Common and different alterations of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells in myelodysplastic syndrome and multiple myeloma. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12819. [PMID: 32372504 PMCID: PMC7260074 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to explore characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM‐MSCs) derived from patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and multiple myeloma (MM). Methods BM‐MSCs were recovered from 17 of MDS patients, 23 of MM patients and 9 healthy donors and were passaged until proliferation stopped. General characteristics and gene expression profiles of MSCs were analysed. In vitro, ex vivo coculture, immunohistochemistry and knockdown experiments were performed to verify gene expression changes. Results BM‐MSCs failed to culture in 35.0% of patients and 50.0% of recovered BM‐MSCs stopped to proliferate before passage 6. MDS‐ and MM‐MSCs shared characteristics including decreased osteogenesis, increased angiogenesis and senescence‐associated molecular pathways. In vitro and ex vivo experiments showed disease‐specific changes such as neurogenic tendency in MDS‐MSCs and cardiomyogenic tendency in MM‐MSCs. Although the age of normal control was younger than patients and telomere length was shorter in patient's BM‐MSCs, they were not different according to disease category nor degree of proliferation. Specifically, poorly proliferation BM‐MSCs showed CDKN2A overexpression and CXCL12 downregulation. Immunohistochemistry of BM biopsy demonstrated that CDKN2A was intensely accumulation in perivascular BM‐MSCs failed to culture. Interestingly, patient's BM‐MSCs revealed improved proliferation activity after CDKN2A knockdown. Conclusion These results collectively indicate that MDS‐MSCs and MM‐MSCs have common and different alterations at various degrees. Hence, it is necessary to evaluate their alteration status using representative markers such as CDKN2A expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayoung Choi
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yonggoo Kim
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dain Kang
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ahlm Kwon
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Sung-Soo Park
- Department of Hematology, Leukemia Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoo-Jin Kim
- Department of Hematology, Leukemia Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Department of Hematology, Leukemia Research Institute, Seoul St. Mary's Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myungshin Kim
- Catholic Genetic Laboratory Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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24
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Zheng W, Ding B, Li X, Liu D, Yokota H, Zhang P. Knee loading repairs osteoporotic osteoarthritis by relieving abnormal remodeling of subchondral bone via Wnt/β-catenin signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:3399-3412. [PMID: 31925860 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902117r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporotic osteoarthritis (OPOA) is a common bone disease mostly in the elderly, but the relationship between Osteoporotic (OP) and osteoarthritis (OA) is complex. It has been shown that knee loading can mitigate OA symptoms. However, its effects on OPOA remain unclear. In this study, we characterized pathological linkage of OP to OA, and evaluated the effect of knee loading on OPOA. We employed two mouse models (OA and OPOA), and conducted histology, cytology, and molecular analyses. In the OA and OPOA groups, articular cartilage was degenerated and Osteoarthritis Research Society International score was increased. Subchondral bone underwent abnormal remodeling, the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) to osteoblasts and chondrocytes was reduced, and migration and adhesion of pre-osteoclasts were enhanced. Compared to the OA group, the pathological changes of OA in the OPOA group were considerably aggravated. After knee loading, however, cartilage degradation was effectively prevented, and the abnormal remodeling of subchondral bone was significantly inhibited. The differentiation of BMSCs was also improved, and the expression of Wnt/β-catenin was elevated. Collectively, this study demonstrates that osteoporosis aggravates OA symptoms. Knee loading restores OPOA by regulating subchondral bone remodeling, and may provide an effective method for repairing OPOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Beibei Ding
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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25
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Zhu G, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Yan A, Hu Z, Yang Y, Xiang S, Li L, Chen W, Peng Y, Zhong N, Mei H. Identification and characterization of NF1 and non-NF1 congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia based on germline NF1 variants: genetic and clinical analysis of 75 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019; 14:221. [PMID: 31533797 PMCID: PMC6751843 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-019-1196-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital pseudarthrosis of the tibia (CPT) is a rare disease. Some patients present neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), while some others do not manifest NF1 (non-NF1). The etiology of CPT, particularly non-NF1 CPT, is not well understood. Here we screened germline variants of 75 CPT cases, including 55 NF1 and 20 non-NF1. Clinical data were classified and analyzed based on NF1 gene variations to investigate the genotype-phenotype relations of the two types of patients. Results Using whole-exome sequencing and Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification, 44 out of 55 NF1 CPT patients (80.0%) were identified as carrying pathogenic variants of the NF1 gene. Twenty-five variants were novel; 53.5% of variants were de novo, and a higher proportion of their carriers presented bone fractures compared to inherited variant carriers. No NF1 pathogenic variants were found in all 20 non-NF1 patients. Clinical features comparing NF1 CPT to non-NF1 CPT did not show significant differences in bowing or fracture onset, lateralization, tissue pathogenical results, abnormality of the proximal tibial epiphysis, and follow-up tibial union after surgery. A considerably higher proportion of non-NF1 patients have cystic lesion (Crawford type III) and used braces after surgery. Conclusions We analyzed a large cohort of non-NF1 and NF1 CPT patients and provided a new perspective for genotype-phenotype features related to germline NF1 variants. Non-NF1 CPT in general had similar clinical features of the tibia as NF1 CPT. Germline NF1 pathogenic variants could differentiate NF1 from non-NF1 CPT but could not explain the CPT heterogeneity of NF1 patients. Our results suggested that non-NF1 CPT was probably not caused by germline NF1 pathogenic variants. In addition to NF1, other genetic variants could also contribute to CPT pathogenesis. Our findings would facilitate the interpretation of NF1 pathogenic variants in CPT genetic counseling. Supplementary information The online version of this article (10.1186/s13023-019-1196-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of the University of South China, 86# Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China.,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoxi Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of the University of South China, 86# Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410007, People's Republic of China
| | - An Yan
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of the University of South China, 86# Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410007, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, 110 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongjia Yang
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiting Xiang
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liping Li
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Weijian Chen
- Pathology Department, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Peng
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Nanbert Zhong
- Pediatrics Research Institute of Hunan Province, Hunan Children's Hospital, 86 Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, People's Republic of China. .,New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA.
| | - Haibo Mei
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Hunan Children's Hospital, The Pediatric Academy of the University of South China, 86# Ziyuan Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410007, People's Republic of China.
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26
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Li Y, Li J, Zhou Q, Liu Y, Chen W, Xu H. mTORC1 signaling is essential for neurofibromatosis type I gene modulated osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:2886-2896. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- YiQiang Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - JingChun Li
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - QingHe Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Yuanzhong Liu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - WeiDong Chen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - HongWen Xu
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, GuangZhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou China
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27
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Deo N, El-Hoss J, Kolind M, Mikulec K, Peacock L, Little DG, Schindeler A. JNK inhibitor CC-930 reduces fibrosis in a murine model of Nf1-deficient fracture repair. J Appl Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jab.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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28
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Tajan M, Paccoud R, Branka S, Edouard T, Yart A. The RASopathy Family: Consequences of Germline Activation of the RAS/MAPK Pathway. Endocr Rev 2018; 39:676-700. [PMID: 29924299 DOI: 10.1210/er.2017-00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome [NS; Mendelian Inheritance in Men (MIM) #163950] and related syndromes [Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (formerly called LEOPARD syndrome; MIM #151100), Noonan-like syndrome with loose anagen hair (MIM #607721), Costello syndrome (MIM #218040), cardio-facio-cutaneous syndrome (MIM #115150), type I neurofibromatosis (MIM #162200), and Legius syndrome (MIM #611431)] are a group of related genetic disorders associated with distinctive facial features, cardiopathies, growth and skeletal abnormalities, developmental delay/mental retardation, and tumor predisposition. NS was clinically described more than 50 years ago, and disease genes have been identified throughout the last 3 decades, providing a molecular basis to better understand their physiopathology and identify targets for therapeutic strategies. Most of these genes encode proteins belonging to or regulating the so-called RAS/MAPK signaling pathway, so these syndromes have been gathered under the name RASopathies. In this review, we provide a clinical overview of RASopathies and an update on their genetics. We then focus on the functional and pathophysiological effects of RASopathy-causing mutations and discuss therapeutic perspectives and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylène Tajan
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Paccoud
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Branka
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Edouard
- Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children's Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Armelle Yart
- INSERM UMR 1048, Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (I2MC), University of Toulouse Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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29
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Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 and type 2, affecting both children and adults, often results in devastating complications. The rapid unravelling of the genetic underpinnings of these unique disorders has led to the development of novel therapies, especially molecular-targeted therapies. To facilitate clinical trial development, the Neurofibromatosis Clinical Trial Consortium (NFCTC) was established in 2006 by the Department of Defense. Over the past decade, the Consortium has successfully completed studies for children and adults with neurofibromatosis type 1 and plexiform neurofibromas, neurocognitive challenges, low-grade gliomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. In addition, a study for children and adults with neurofibromatosis type 2 and acoustic schwannomas is near completion. The NFCTC has now been expanded to 19 sites in the United Stated and Australia. Mechanisms have been put in place to work closely with other consortia, foundations, and industry to expeditiously translate preclinical discoveries into clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J Packer
- 1 From the Center for Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.,2 Gilbert Neurofibromatosis Family Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA.,3 Brain Tumor Institute, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Michael J Fisher
- 4 Division of Oncology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gary Cutter
- 5 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | - Bruce R Korf
- 5 University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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30
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Tahaei SE, Couasnay G, Ma Y, Paria N, Gu J, Lemoine BF, Wang X, Rios JJ, Elefteriou F. The reduced osteogenic potential of Nf1-deficient osteoprogenitors is EGFR-independent. Bone 2018; 106:103-111. [PMID: 29032173 PMCID: PMC5694354 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common genetic disorder caused by mutations in the NF1 gene. Recalcitrant bone healing following fracture (i.e. pseudarthrosis) is one of the most problematic skeletal complications associated with NF1. The etiology of this condition is still unclear; thus, pharmacological options for clinical management are limited. Multiple studies have shown the reduced osteogenic potential of Nf1-deficient osteoprogenitors. A recent transcriptome profiling investigation revealed that EREG and EGFR, encoding epiregulin and its receptor Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 1, respectively, were among the top over-expressed genes in cells of the NF1 pseudarthrosis site. Because EGFR stimulation is known to inhibit osteogenic differentiation, we hypothesized that increased EREG and EGFR expression in NF1-deficient skeletal progenitors may contribute to their reduced osteogenic differentiation potential. In this study, we first confirmed via single-cell mRNA sequencing that EREG over-expression was associated with NF1 second hit somatic mutations in human bone cells, whereas Transforming Growth Factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) expression was unchanged. Second, using ex-vivo recombined Nf1-deficient mouse bone marrow stromal cells (mBMSCs), we show that this molecular signature is conserved between mice and humans, and that epiregulin generated by these cells is overexpressed and active, whereas soluble TGFβ1 expression and activity are not affected. However, blocking either epiregulin function or EGFR signaling by EGFR1 or pan EGFR inhibition (using AG-1478 and Poziotinib respectively) did not correct the differentiation defect of Nf1-deficient mBMSCs, as measured by the expression of Alpl, Ibsp and alkaline phosphatase activity. These results suggest that clinically available drugs aimed at inhibiting EGFR signaling are unlikely to have a significant benefit for the management of bone non-union in children with NF1 PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- S E Tahaei
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, United States; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - G Couasnay
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Y Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - N Paria
- Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - J Gu
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - B F Lemoine
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - X Wang
- Baylor Institute for Immunology Research, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - J J Rios
- Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; McDermott Center for Human Growth and Development, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - F Elefteriou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
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31
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Baldassarre G, Mussa A, Carli D, Molinatto C, Ferrero GB. Constitutional bone impairment in Noonan syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2017; 173:692-698. [PMID: 28211980 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Noonan syndrome (NS) is an autosomal dominant trait characterized by genotypic and phenotypic variability. It belongs to the Ras/MAPK pathway disorders collectively named Rasopathies or neurocardiofaciocutaneous syndromes. Phenotype is characterized by short stature, congenital heart defects, facial dysmorphisms, skeletal and ectodermal anomalies, cryptorchidism, mild to moderate developmental delay/learning disability, and tumor predisposition. Short stature and skeletal dysmorphisms are almost constant and several studies hypothesized a role for the RAS pathway in regulating bone metabolism. In this study, we investigated the bone quality assessed by phalangeal quantitative ultrasound (QUS) and the metabolic bone profiling in a group of patients with NS, to determine whether low bone mineralization is primary or secondary to NS characteristics. Thirty-five patients were enrolled, including 20 males (55.6%) and 15 females (44.5%) aged 1.0-17.8 years (mean 6.4 ± 4.5, median 4.9 years). Each patients was submitted to clinical examination, estimation of the bone age, laboratory assays, and QUS assessment. Twenty-five percent of the cohort shows reduced QUS values for their age based on bone transmission time. Bone measurement were adjusted for multiple factors frequently observed in NS patients, such as growth retardation, delayed bone age, retarded puberty, and reduced body mass index, potentially affecting bone quality or its appraisal. In spite of the correction attempts, QUS measurement indicates that bone impairment persists in nearly 15% of the cohort studied. Our results indicate that bone impairment in NS is likely primary and not secondary to any of the phenotypic traits of NS, nor consistent with metabolic disturbances. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Diana Carli
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Cristina Molinatto
- Department of Pediatric and Public Health Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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32
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Monroe CL, Dahiya S, Gutmann DH. Dissecting Clinical Heterogeneity in Neurofibromatosis Type 1. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE 2017; 12:53-74. [PMID: 28135565 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pathol-052016-100228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurogenetic disorder in which affected children and adults are predisposed to the development of benign and malignant nervous system tumors. Caused by a germline mutation in the NF1 tumor suppressor gene, individuals with NF1 are prone to optic gliomas, malignant gliomas, neurofibromas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, as well as behavioral, cognitive, motor, bone, cardiac, and pigmentary abnormalities. Although NF1 is a classic monogenic syndrome, the clinical features of the disorder and their impact on patient morbidity are variable, even within individuals who bear the same germline NF1 gene mutation. As such, NF1 affords unique opportunities to define the factors that contribute to disease heterogeneity and to develop therapies personalized to a given individual (precision medicine). This review highlights the clinical features of NF1 and the use of genetically engineered mouse models to define the molecular and cellular pathogenesis of NF1-associated nervous system tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney L Monroe
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
| | - Sonika Dahiya
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110;
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33
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Liu D, Zhang Y, Li X, Li J, Yang S, Xing X, Fan G, Yokota H, Zhang P. eIF2α signaling regulates ischemic osteonecrosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5062. [PMID: 28698612 PMCID: PMC5505953 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05488-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) primarily results from ischemia/hypoxia to the femoral head, and one of the cellular manifestations is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To understand possible linkage of ischemic osteonecrosis to the ER stress, a surgery-induced animal model was employed and salubrinal was administered to evaluate the role of ER stress. Salubrinal is a synthetic chemical that inhibits de-phosphorylation of eIF2α, and it can suppress cell death from the ER stress at a proper dose. The results indicated that the ER stress was associated with ONFH and salubrinal significantly improved ONFH-induced symptoms such as osteonecrosis, bone loss, reduction in vessel perfusion, and excessive osteoclastogenesis in the femoral head. Salubrinal also protected osteoblast development by upregulating the levels of ATF4, ALP and RUNX2, and it stimulated angiogenesis of endothelial cells through elevating ATF4 and VEGF. Collectively, the results support the notion that the ER stress is an important pathological outcome in the surgery-induced ONFH model, and salubrinal improves ONFH symptoms by enhancing angiogenesis and bone healing via suppressing the ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin, 300100, China
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300457, China
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Guanwei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300457, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Li J, Yang S, Li X, Liu D, Wang Z, Guo J, Tan N, Gao Z, Zhao X, Zhang J, Gou F, Yokota H, Zhang P. Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in disuse osteoporosis. Bone 2017; 97:2-14. [PMID: 27989543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2016.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major skeletal disease with low bone mineral density, which leads to an increased risk of bone fracture. Salubrinal is a synthetic chemical that inhibits dephosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α) in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. To understand possible linkage of osteoporosis to ER stress, we employed an unloading mouse model and examined the effects of salubrinal in the pathogenesis of disuse osteoporosis. The results presented several lines of evidence that osteoclastogenesis in the development of osteoporosis was associated with ER stress, and salubrinal suppressed unloading-induced bone loss. Compared to the age-matched control, unloaded mice reduced the trabecular bone area/total area (B.Ar/T.Ar) as well as the number of osteoblasts, and they increased the osteoclasts number on the trabecular bone surface in a time-dependent way. Unloading-induced disuse osteoporosis significantly increased the expression of Bip, p-eIF2α and ATF4 in short-term within 6h of tail suspension, but time-dependent decreased in HU2d to HU14d. Furthermore, a significant correlation of ER stress with the differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts was observed. Administration of salubrinal suppressed the unloading-induced decrease in bone mineral density, B.Ar/T.Ar and mature osteoclast formation. Salubrinal also increased the colony-forming unit-fibroblasts and colony-forming unit-osteoblasts. It reduced the formation of mature osteoclasts, suppressed their migration and adhesion, and increased the expression of Bip, p-eIF2α and ATF4. Electron microscopy showed that rough endoplasmic reticulum expansion and a decreased number of ribosomes on ER membrane were observed in osteoblast of unloading mice, and the abnormal ER expansion was significantly improved by salubrinal treatment. A TUNEL assay together with CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression indicated that ER stress-induced osteoblast apoptosis was rescued by salubrinal. Collectively, the results support the notion that ER stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of disuse osteoporosis, and salubrinal attenuates unloading-induced bone loss by altering proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts via eIF2α signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Zhaonan Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jialu Guo
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Nian Tan
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhe Gao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhao
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jiuguo Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fanglin Gou
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300457, China; Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development (Ministry of Health), Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Gutmann DH, Ferner RE, Listernick RH, Korf BR, Wolters PL, Johnson KJ. Neurofibromatosis type 1. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017; 3:17004. [PMID: 28230061 DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2017.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 406] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 is a complex autosomal dominant disorder caused by germline mutations in the NF1 tumour suppressor gene. Nearly all individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 develop pigmentary lesions (café-au-lait macules, skinfold freckling and Lisch nodules) and dermal neurofibromas. Some individuals develop skeletal abnormalities (scoliosis, tibial pseudarthrosis and orbital dysplasia), brain tumours (optic pathway gliomas and glioblastoma), peripheral nerve tumours (spinal neurofibromas, plexiform neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours), learning disabilities, attention deficits, and social and behavioural problems, which can negatively affect quality of life. With the identification of NF1 and the generation of accurate preclinical mouse strains that model some of these clinical features, therapies that target the underlying molecular and cellular pathophysiology for neurofibromatosis type 1 are becoming available. Although no single treatment exists, current clinical management strategies include early detection of disease phenotypes (risk assessment) and biologically targeted therapies. Similarly, new medical and behavioural interventions are emerging to improve the quality of life of patients. Although considerable progress has been made in understanding this condition, numerous challenges remain; a collaborative and interdisciplinary approach is required to manage individuals with neurofibromatosis type1 and to develop effective treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8111, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
| | - Rosalie E Ferner
- Department of Neurology, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Robert H Listernick
- Department of Academic General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bruce R Korf
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Pamela L Wolters
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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Minami A, Ogino M, Nakano N, Ichimura M, Nakanishi A, Murai T, Kitagishi Y, Matsuda S. Roles of oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in osteoclastogenesis (Review). Int J Mol Med 2017; 39:261-267. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.2847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Ghadakzadeh S, Kannu P, Whetstone H, Howard A, Alman BA. β‐Catenin modulation in neurofibromatosis type 1 bone repair: therapeutic implications. FASEB J 2016; 30:3227-37. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201500190rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saber Ghadakzadeh
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell BiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Peter Kannu
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell BiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Bone Health CentreHospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Heather Whetstone
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell BiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Andrew Howard
- Bone Health CentreHospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
- Division of Orthopaedic SurgeryHospital for Sick Children Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Benjamin A. Alman
- Division of Developmental and Stem Cell BiologyUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Institute of Medical ScienceUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryDuke University Durham North Carolina USA
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38
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Rhodes SD, Yang FC. Aberrant Myeloid Differentiation Contributes to the Development of Osteoporosis in Neurofibromatosis Type 1. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2016; 14:10-5. [PMID: 26932441 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-016-0298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), also known as von Recklinghausen disease, is a common autosomal dominant genetic disorder affecting approximately 1 in 3000 individuals worldwide. NF1 results from heritable or spontaneous mutations of the NF1 tumor suppressor gene. NF1 encodes the protein neurofibromin, which functions to negatively regulate Ras-activity. Approximately 50 % of NF1 patients develop osteopenia or osteoporosis, resulting in significantly increased rates of long-bone fracture and morbidity. While defective osteoblast bone anabolism has been implicated as a central factor in the pathogenesis of NF1 associated skeletal deficits, recent data suggest that NF1 (Nf1) haploinsufficiency within the hematopoietic compartment, particularly in osteoclasts and myeloid progenitors, plays a pivotal role in engendering NF1 osseous manifestations. In this chapter, we review the latest data from clinical studies and murine models delineating a critical role for hematopoietic compartment, myeloid progenitors of NF1 (Nf1) haploinsufficient and their progeny-osteoclasts, in the pathogenesis of NF1 associated osteopenia/osteoporosis and discuss putative targets for future therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Rhodes
- Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Feng-Chun Yang
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami School of Medicine, R. Bunn Gautier Building, 417 1011 NW 15th street, Locator R-629, Miami, FL, 33136, USA.
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Liu D, Li X, Li J, Yang J, Yokota H, Zhang P. Knee loading protects against osteonecrosis of the femoral head by enhancing vessel remodeling and bone healing. Bone 2015; 81:620-631. [PMID: 26416150 PMCID: PMC4641018 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a serious orthopedic problem. Moderate loads with knee loading promote bone formation, but their effects on osteonecrosis have not been investigated. Using a rat model, we examined a hypothesis that knee loading enhances vessel remodeling and bone healing through the modulation of the fate of bone marrow-derived cells. In this study, osteonecrosis was induced by transecting the ligamentum teres followed by a tight ligature around the femoral neck. For knee loading, 5 N loads were laterally applied to the knee at 15 Hz for 5 min/day for 5 weeks. Changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) of the femur were measured by pDEXA, and ink infusion was performed to evaluate vessel remodeling. Femoral heads were harvested for histomorphometry, and bone marrow-derived cells were isolated to examine osteoclast development and osteoblast differentiation. The results showed that osteonecrosis significantly induced bone loss, and knee loading stimulated both vessel remodeling and bone healing. The osteonecrosis group exhibited the lowest trabecular BV/TV (p b 0.001) in the femoral head, and lowest femoral BMD and BMC (both p b 0.01). However, knee loading increased trabecular BV/TV (p b 0.05) as well as BMD (pb 0.05) and BMC (p b 0.01). Osteonecrosis decreased the vessel volume (pb 0.001), vessel number (pb 0.001) and VEGF expression (p b 0.01), and knee loading increased them (pb 0.001, pb 0.001 and p b 0.01). Osteonecrosis activated osteoclast development, and knee loading reduced its formation, migration, adhesion and the level of “pit” formation (pb 0.001, pb 0.01, pb 0.001 and pb 0.001). Furthermore, knee loading significantly increased osteoblast differentiation and CFU-F (both p b 0.001). A significantly positive correlation was observed between vessel remodeling and bone healing (both p b 0.01). These results indicate that knee loading could be effective in repair osteonecrosis of the femoral head in a rat model. This effect might be attributed to promoting vessel remodeling, suppressing osteoclast development, and increasing osteoblast and fibroblast differentiation. In summary, the current study suggests that knee loading might potentially be employed as a non-invasive therapy for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daquan Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Acute Abdominal Diseases, Tianjin Nankai Hospital, Tianjin 300100, China
| | - Xinle Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Hiroki Yokota
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Tomson SN, Schreiner MJ, Narayan M, Rosser T, Enrique N, Silva AJ, Allen GI, Bookheimer SY, Bearden CE. Resting state functional MRI reveals abnormal network connectivity in neurofibromatosis 1. Hum Brain Mapp 2015; 36:4566-81. [PMID: 26304096 PMCID: PMC4619152 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.22937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the neurofibromin 1 gene at locus 17q11.2. Individuals with NF1 have an increased incidence of learning disabilities, attention deficits, and autism spectrum disorders. As a single-gene disorder, NF1 represents a valuable model for understanding gene-brain-behavior relationships. While mouse models have elucidated molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying learning deficits associated with this mutation, little is known about functional brain architecture in human subjects with NF1. To address this question, we used resting state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI) to elucidate the intrinsic network structure of 30 NF1 participants compared with 30 healthy demographically matched controls during an eyes-open rs-fcMRI scan. Novel statistical methods were employed to quantify differences in local connectivity (edge strength) and modularity structure, in combination with traditional global graph theory applications. Our findings suggest that individuals with NF1 have reduced anterior-posterior connectivity, weaker bilateral edges, and altered modularity clustering relative to healthy controls. Further, edge strength and modular clustering indices were correlated with IQ and internalizing symptoms. These findings suggest that Ras signaling disruption may lead to abnormal functional brain connectivity; further investigation into the functional consequences of these alterations in both humans and in animal models is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffie N Tomson
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Brain Mapping Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Matthew J Schreiner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Manjari Narayan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
| | - Tena Rosser
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- USC Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California
| | - Nicole Enrique
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Alcino J Silva
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Neurobiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Genevera I Allen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Department of Statistics, Rice University, Houston, Texas
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - Susan Y Bookheimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
- Integrative Center for Learning and Memory, UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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In vitro modeling of hyperpigmentation associated to neurofibromatosis type 1 using melanocytes derived from human embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:9034-9. [PMID: 26150484 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1501032112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
"Café-au-lait" macules (CALMs) and overall skin hyperpigmentation are early hallmarks of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). One of the most frequent monogenic diseases, NF1 has subsequently been characterized with numerous benign Schwann cell-derived tumors. It is well established that neurofibromin, the NF1 gene product, is an antioncogene that down-regulates the RAS oncogene. In contrast, the molecular mechanisms associated with alteration of skin pigmentation have remained elusive. We have reassessed this issue by differentiating human embryonic stem cells into melanocytes. In the present study, we demonstrate that NF1 melanocytes reproduce the hyperpigmentation phenotype in vitro, and further characterize the link between loss of heterozygosity and the typical CALMs that appear over the general hyperpigmentation. Molecular mechanisms associated with these pathological phenotypes correlate with an increased activity of cAMP-mediated PKA and ERK1/2 signaling pathways, leading to overexpression of the transcription factor MITF and of the melanogenic enzymes tyrosinase and dopachrome tautomerase, all major players in melanogenesis. Finally, the hyperpigmentation phenotype can be rescued using specific inhibitors of these signaling pathways. These results open avenues for deciphering the pathological mechanisms involved in pigmentation diseases, and provide a robust assay for the development of new strategies for treating these diseases.
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de la Croix Ndong J, Stevens DM, Vignaux G, Uppuganti S, Perrien DS, Yang X, Nyman JS, Harth E, Elefteriou F. Combined MEK inhibition and BMP2 treatment promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone healing in Nf1Osx -/- mice. J Bone Miner Res 2015; 30:55-63. [PMID: 25043591 PMCID: PMC4280331 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2014] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disease with an incidence of 1/3000, caused by mutations in the NF1 gene, which encodes the RAS/GTPase-activating protein neurofibromin. Non-bone union after fracture (pseudarthrosis) in children with NF1 remains a challenging orthopedic condition to treat. Recent progress in understanding the biology of neurofibromin suggested that NF1 pseudarthrosis stems primarily from defects in the bone mesenchymal lineage and hypersensitivity of hematopoietic cells to TGFβ. However, clinically relevant pharmacological approaches to augment bone union in these patients remain limited. In this study, we report the generation of a novel conditional mutant mouse line used to model NF1 pseudoarthrosis, in which Nf1 can be ablated in an inducible fashion in osteoprogenitors of postnatal mice, thus circumventing the dwarfism associated with previous mouse models where Nf1 is ablated in embryonic mesenchymal cell lineages. An ex vivo-based cell culture approach based on the use of Nf1(flox/flox) bone marrow stromal cells showed that loss of Nf1 impairs osteoprogenitor cell differentiation in a cell-autonomous manner, independent of developmental growth plate-derived or paracrine/hormonal influences. In addition, in vitro gene expression and differentiation assays indicated that chronic ERK activation in Nf1-deficient osteoprogenitors blunts the pro-osteogenic property of BMP2, based on the observation that only combination treatment with BMP2 and MEK inhibition promoted the differentiation of Nf1-deficient osteoprogenitors. The in vivo preclinical relevance of these findings was confirmed by the improved bone healing and callus strength observed in Nf1osx (-/-) mice receiving Trametinib (a MEK inhibitor) and BMP2 released locally at the fracture site via a novel nanoparticle and polyglycidol-based delivery method. Collectively, these results provide novel evidence for a cell-autonomous role of neurofibromin in osteoprogenitor cells and insights about a novel targeted approach for the treatment of NF1 pseudoarthrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean de la Croix Ndong
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - David M. Stevens
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Guillaume Vignaux
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Sasidhar Uppuganti
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Daniel S. Perrien
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Xiangli Yang
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Jeffry S. Nyman
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eva Harth
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Florent Elefteriou
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
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Paria N, Cho TJ, Choi IH, Kamiya N, Kayembe K, Mao R, Margraf RL, Obermosser G, Oxendine I, Sant DW, Song MH, Stevenson DA, Viskochil DH, Wise CA, Kim HKW, Rios JJ. Neurofibromin deficiency-associated transcriptional dysregulation suggests a novel therapy for tibial pseudoarthrosis in NF1. J Bone Miner Res 2014; 29:2636-42. [PMID: 24932921 PMCID: PMC4268180 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.2298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 06/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disease caused by mutations in NF1. Among the earliest manifestations is tibial pseudoarthrosis and persistent nonunion after fracture. To further understand the pathogenesis of pseudoarthrosis and the underlying bone remodeling defect, pseudoarthrosis tissue and cells cultured from surgically resected pseudoarthrosis tissue from NF1 individuals were analyzed using whole-exome and whole-transcriptome sequencing as well as genomewide microarray analysis. Genomewide analysis identified multiple genetic mechanisms resulting in somatic biallelic NF1 inactivation; no other genes with recurring somatic mutations were identified. Gene expression profiling identified dysregulated pathways associated with neurofibromin deficiency, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. Unlike aggressive NF1-associated malignancies, tibial pseudoarthrosis tissue does not harbor a high frequency of somatic mutations in oncogenes or other tumor-suppressor genes, such as p53. However, gene expression profiling indicates that pseudoarthrosis tissue has a tumor-promoting transcriptional pattern, despite lacking tumorigenic somatic mutations. Significant overexpression of specific cancer-associated genes in pseudoarthrosis highlights a potential for receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors to target neurofibromin-deficient pseudoarthrosis and promote proper bone remodeling and fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandina Paria
- Sarah M. and Charles E. Seay Center for Musculoskeletal Research, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, TX, USA
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The aryl hydrocarbon receptor suppresses osteoblast proliferation and differentiation through the activation of the ERK signaling pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 280:502-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Anastasaki C, Gutmann DH. Neuronal NF1/RAS regulation of cyclic AMP requires atypical PKC activation. Hum Mol Genet 2014; 23:6712-21. [PMID: 25070947 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddu389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in which affected individuals are prone to learning, attention and behavioral problems. Previous studies in mice and flies have yielded conflicting results regarding the specific effector pathways responsible for NF1 protein (neurofibromin) regulation of neuronal function, with both cyclic AMP (cAMP)- and RAS-dependent mechanisms described. Herein, we leverage a combination of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived NF1 patient neural progenitor cells and Nf1 genetically engineered mice to establish, for the first time, that neurofibromin regulation of cAMP requires RAS activation in human and mouse neurons. However, instead of involving RAS-mediated MEK/AKT signaling, RAS regulation of cAMP homeostasis operates through the activation of atypical protein kinase C zeta, leading to GRK2-driven Gαs inactivation. These findings reveal a novel mechanism by which RAS can regulate cAMP levels in the mammalian brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Anastasaki
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - David H Gutmann
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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El-Hoss J, Cheng T, Carpenter EC, Sullivan K, Deo N, Mikulec K, Little DG, Schindeler A. A Combination of rhBMP-2 (Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2) and MEK (MAP Kinase/ERK Kinase) Inhibitor PD0325901 Increases Bone Formation in a Murine Model of Neurofibromatosis Type I Pseudarthrosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2014; 96:e117. [PMID: 25031379 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.m.00862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Congenital tibial dysplasia is a severe pediatric condition that classically results in a persistent pseudarthrosis. A majority of these cases are associated with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), a genetic disorder in which inactivation of the NF1 gene leads to overactivity of the Ras-MEK-MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway. We therefore hypothesized that pharmaceutical inhibition of MEK-MAPK may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy. METHODS In vitro methods were used to demonstrate a role for the MEK inhibitor PD0325901 in promoting osteogenic differentiation in Nf1-/- calvarial osteoblasts. Local applications of rhBMP-2 and/or PD0325901 were then tested in a mouse model of NF1 tibial pseudarthrosis featuring localized double inactivation of the Nf1 gene in a fracture. Mice received no treatment, PD0325901 (10 mg/kg/day from two days before fracture to ten days after fracture), rhBMP-2 (10 μg), or a combination of rhBMP-2 and PD0325901. RESULTS Animals treated with the delivery vehicle alone, PD0325901, rhBMP-2, or the PD0325901 + rhBMP-2 combination showed union rates of 0%, 8%, 69% (p < 0.01), or 80% (p < 0.01), respectively, at twenty-one days after fracture. Mice treated with the rhBMP-2 + PD0325901 combination displayed a callus volume sixfold greater than the vehicle controls and twofold greater than the group receiving rhBMP-2 alone. Although MEK inhibition combined with rhBMP-2 led to increases in bone formation and union, the proportion of fibrous tissue in the callus was not significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that MEK inhibition can promote bone formation in combination with rhBMP-2 in the context of an NF1 pseudarthrosis. However, PD0325901 did not promote substantive bone anabolism in the absence of an exogenous anabolic stimulus and did not suppress fibrosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study examines a signaling pathway-based approach to treating poor bone healing in a model of NF1 pseudarthrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J El-Hoss
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - T Cheng
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - E C Carpenter
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - K Sullivan
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - N Deo
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - K Mikulec
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - D G Little
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
| | - A Schindeler
- Orthopaedic Research & Biotechnology Unit, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. E-mail address for J. El-Hoss: . E-mail address for T. Cheng: . E-mail address for E.C. Carpenter: . E-mail address for K. Sullivan: . E-mail address for N. Deo: . E-mail address for K. Mikulec: . E-mail address for D.G. Little: . E-mail address for A. Schindeler:
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