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Chaturvedi A, Sharma S, Shukla R. Nano-Mediated Molecular Targeting in Diagnosis and Mitigation of Wilson Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4240-4258. [PMID: 38066399 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Wilson disease, a rare genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the ATP7B gene disrupts copper metabolism, leading to its harmful accumulation in hepatocytes, the brain, and other organs. It affects roughly 1 in 30,000 individuals, with 1 in 90 being gene carriers. Beyond gene mutations, the disease involves complex factors contributing to copper imbalance. Ongoing research seeks to unravel intricate molecular pathways, offering fresh insights into the disease's mechanisms. Simultaneously, there is a dedicated effort to develop effective therapeutic strategies. Nanotechnology-driven formulations are showing promise for both treatment and early diagnosis of Wilson disease. This comprehensive review covers the entire spectrum of the condition, encompassing pathophysiology, potential biomarkers, established and emerging therapies, ongoing clinical trials, and innovative nanotechnology applications. This multifaceted approach holds the potential to improve our understanding, diagnosis, and management of Wilson's disease, which remains a challenging and potentially life-threatening disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Chaturvedi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-Raebareli), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Raebareli (NIPER-Raebareli), Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Near CRPF Base Camp, Lucknow, UP, 226002, India.
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2
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Hao W, Yang W, Yang Y, Cheng T, Wei T, Tang L, Qian N, Yang Y, Li X, Jiang H, Wang M. Identification of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA Networks in the Lenticular Nucleus Region of the Brain Contributes to Hepatolenticular Degeneration Pathogenesis and Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1673-1686. [PMID: 37759104 PMCID: PMC10896925 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03631-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a recently discovered group of non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the regulation of various human diseases, especially in the study of nervous system diseases which has garnered significant attention. However, there is limited knowledge on the identification and function of lncRNAs in hepatolenticular degeneration (HLD). The objective of this study was to identify novel lncRNAs and determine their involvement in the networks associated with HLD. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and computational biology to identify novel lncRNAs and explore their potential mechanisms in HLD. We identified 212 differently expressed lncRNAs, with 98 upregulated and 114 downregulated. Additionally, 32 differently expressed mRNAs were found, with 15 upregulated and 17 downregulated. We obtained a total of 1131 pairs of co-expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs by Pearson correlation test and prediction and annotation of the lncRNA-targeted miRNA-mRNA network. The differential lncRNAs identified in this study were found to be involved in various biological functions and signaling pathways. These include translational initiation, motor learning, locomotors behavior, dioxygenase activity, integral component of postsynaptic membrane, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, cholinergic synapse, sphingolipid signaling pathway, and Parkinson's disease signaling pathway, as revealed by the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses. Six lncRNAs, including XR_001782921.1 (P < 0.01), XR_ 001780581.1 (P < 0.01), ENSMUST_00000207119 (P < 0.01), XR_865512.2 (P < 0.01), TCONS_00005916 (P < 0.01), and TCONS_00020683 (P < 0.01), showed significant differences in expression levels between the model group and normal group by RT-qPCR. Among these, four lncRNAs (TCONS_00020683, XR_865512.2, XR_001780581.1, and ENSMUST00000207119) displayed a high degree of conservation. This study provides a unique perspective for the pathogenesis and therapy of HLD by constructing the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. This insight provides a foundation for future exploration in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Hao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ting Cheng
- Department of Graduate, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taohua Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lulu Tang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Nannan Qian
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yulong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hailin Jiang
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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3
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Asano T, Yoshikawa S, Matsumoto K, Kashima H, Koito Y, Miura T, Takahashi Y, Tsuboi R, Ishii T, Otake H, Uehara T, Sekine M, Matsumoto S, Asabe S, Miyatani H, Mashima H. Late-onset Wilson Disease in a Patient Followed-up for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Intern Med 2024; 63:71-75. [PMID: 37121747 PMCID: PMC10824639 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1789-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A 73-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for persistent liver dysfunction. When the patient was 45 years old, her youngest sister had been diagnosed with Wilson disease (WD). The patient therefore underwent several family screening tests, all of which were unremarkable. She had an annual medical checkup and was diagnosed with liver dysfunction and fatty liver at 68 years old. A liver biopsy and genetic testing were performed, and she was diagnosed with WD; chelation therapy was then initiated. In patients with hepatic disorders and a family history of WD, multiple medical examinations should be conducted, as the development of WD is possible regardless of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeharu Asano
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Keita Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hitomi Kashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Yudai Koito
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takaya Miura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Yuko Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Rumiko Tsuboi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takehiro Ishii
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Haruka Otake
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Takeshi Uehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Masanari Sekine
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Satohiro Matsumoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Shinichi Asabe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyatani
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
| | - Hirosato Mashima
- Department of Gastroenterology, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Japan
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Dev S, Kruse RL, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Wilson Disease: Update on Pathophysiology and Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:871877. [PMID: 35586338 PMCID: PMC9108485 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.871877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a potentially fatal genetic disorder with a broad spectrum of phenotypic presentations. Inactivation of the copper (Cu) transporter ATP7B and Cu overload in tissues, especially in the liver, are established causes of WD. However, neither specific ATP7B mutations nor hepatic Cu levels, alone, explain the diverse clinical presentations of WD. Recently, the new molecular details of WD progression and metabolic signatures of WD phenotypes began to emerge. Studies in WD patients and animal models revealed the contributions of non-parenchymal liver cells and extrahepatic tissues to the liver phenotype, and pointed to dysregulation of nuclear receptors (NR), epigenetic modifications, and mitochondria dysfunction as important hallmarks of WD pathogenesis. This review summarizes recent advances in the characterization of WD pathophysiology and discusses emerging targets for improving WD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Robert L. Kruse
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
| | - James P. Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Svetlana Lutsenko,
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Habashy WS, Milfort MC, Rekaya R, Aggrey SE. Molecular and Cellular Responses of DNA Methylation and Thioredoxin System to Heat Stress in Meat-Type Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071957. [PMID: 34208977 PMCID: PMC8300342 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) causes molecular dysfunction that adversely affects chicken performance and increases mortality. The responses of chickens to HS are extremely complex. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of acute and chronic exposure to HS on the expression of thioredoxin-peroxiredoxin system genes and DNA methylation in chickens. Chickens at 14 d of age were divided into two groups and reared under either constant normal temperature (25 °C) or high temperature (35 °C) in individual cages for 12 days. Five birds per group at one and 12 days post-HS were euthanized and livers were sampled for gene expression. The liver and Pectoralis major muscle were sampled for cellular analysis. mRNA expression of thioredoxin and peroxiredoxins (Prdx) 1, 3, and 4 in the liver were down-regulated at 12 days post-HS compared to controls. The liver activity of thioredoxin reductase (TXNRD) and levels of peroxiredoxin1 (Prdx1) at 12 days post-HS were significantly decreased. The results reveal that there was a significant decrease in DNA methylation at 12 days post HS in liver tissues. In conclusion, pathway of thioredoxin system under HS may provide clues to nutritional strategies to mitigate the effect of HS in meat-type chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid S. Habashy
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Department of Animal and Poultry Production, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
- Correspondence: or (W.S.H.); (S.E.A.)
| | - Marie C. Milfort
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Romdhane Rekaya
- Department of Animal and Dairy Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Samuel E. Aggrey
- NutriGenomics Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
- Correspondence: or (W.S.H.); (S.E.A.)
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Sarode GV, Neier K, Shibata NM, Shen Y, Goncharov DA, Goncharova EA, Mazi TA, Joshi N, Settles ML, LaSalle JM, Medici V. Wilson Disease: Intersecting DNA Methylation and Histone Acetylation Regulation of Gene Expression in a Mouse Model of Hepatic Copper Accumulation. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1457-1477. [PMID: 34098115 PMCID: PMC8487080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The pathogenesis of Wilson disease (WD) involves hepatic and brain copper accumulation resulting from pathogenic variants affecting the ATP7B gene and downstream epigenetic and metabolic mechanisms. Prior methylome investigations in human WD liver and blood and in the Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME) C3He-Atp7btx-j/J (tx-j) WD mouse model revealed an epigenetic signature of WD, including changes in histone deacetylase (HDAC) 5. We tested the hypothesis that histone acetylation is altered with respect to copper overload and aberrant DNA methylation in WD. METHODS We investigated class IIa HDAC4 and HDAC5 and H3K9/H3K27 histone acetylation in tx-j mouse livers compared with C3HeB/FeJ (C3H) control in response to 3 treatments: 60% kcal fat diet, D-penicillamine (copper chelator), and choline (methyl group donor). Experiments with copper-loaded hepatoma G2 cells were conducted to validate in vivo studies. RESULTS In 9-week tx-j mice, HDAC5 levels increased significantly after 8 days of a 60% kcal fat diet compared with chow. In 24-week tx-j mice, HDAC4/5 levels were reduced 5- to 10-fold compared with C3H, likely through mechanisms involving HDAC phosphorylation. HDAC4/5 levels were affected by disease progression and accompanied by increased acetylation. D-penicillamine and choline partially restored HDAC4/5 and H3K9ac/H3K27ac to C3H levels. Integrated RNA and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing analyses revealed genes regulating energy metabolism and cellular stress/development, which, in turn, were regulated by histone acetylation in tx-j mice compared with C3H mice, with Pparα and Pparγ among the most relevant targets. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest dietary modulation of class IIa HDAC4/5, and subsequent H3K9/H3K27 acetylation/deacetylation can regulate gene expression in key metabolic pathways in the pathogenesis of WD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kari Neier
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Genome Center, Davis, California
| | | | - Yuanjun Shen
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Dmitry A. Goncharov
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Elena A. Goncharova
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Lung Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Davis, California
| | - Tagreed A. Mazi
- Department of Nutrition, Davis, California,Department of Community Health Sciences–Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of California–Davis, Davis, California
| | - Matthew L. Settles
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of California–Davis, Davis, California
| | - Janine M. LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Genome Center, Davis, California
| | - Valentina Medici
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Davis, California,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Valentina Medici, MD, FAASLD, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California–Davis, 4150 V Street, Patient Support Services Building (PSSB) Suite 3500, Sacramento, California 95817. fax: (916) 734-7908.
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Muchenditsi A, Talbot CC, Gottlieb A, Yang H, Kang B, Boronina T, Cole R, Wang L, Dev S, Hamilton JP, Lutsenko S. Systemic deletion of Atp7b modifies the hepatocytes' response to copper overload in the mouse models of Wilson disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5659. [PMID: 33707579 PMCID: PMC7952580 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84894-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is caused by inactivation of the copper transporter Atp7b and copper overload in tissues. Mice with Atp7b deleted either globally (systemic inactivation) or only in hepatocyte recapitulate various aspects of human disease. However, their phenotypes vary, and neither the common response to copper overload nor factors contributing to variability are well defined. Using metabolic, histologic, and proteome analyses in three Atp7b-deficient mouse strains, we show that global inactivation of Atp7b enhances and specifically modifies the hepatocyte response to Cu overload. The loss of Atp7b only in hepatocytes dysregulates lipid and nucleic acid metabolisms and increases the abundance of respiratory chain components and redox balancing enzymes. In global knockouts, independently of their background, the metabolism of lipid, nucleic acid, and amino acids is inhibited, respiratory chain components are down-regulated, inflammatory response and regulation of chromosomal replication are enhanced. Decrease in glucokinase and lathosterol oxidase and elevation of mucin-13 and S100A10 are observed in all Atp7b mutant strains and reflect the extent of liver injury. The magnitude of proteomic changes in Atp7b-/- animals inversely correlates with the metallothioneins levels rather than liver Cu content. These findings facilitate identification of WD-specific metabolic and proteomic changes for diagnostic and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigael Muchenditsi
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - C Conover Talbot
- Core Analysis Unit, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Aline Gottlieb
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Haojun Yang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Byunghak Kang
- Department of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Tatiana Boronina
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Robert Cole
- Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Som Dev
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - James P Hamilton
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Svetlana Lutsenko
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutes, 725 N Wolfe street, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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Zhao G, Sun H, Zhang T, Liu JX. Copper induce zebrafish retinal developmental defects via triggering stresses and apoptosis. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:45. [PMID: 32169084 PMCID: PMC7071659 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The disorder of copper homeostasis is linked with disease and developmental defects, and excess copper_nanoparticles (CuNPs) and ion (Cu2+) will induce developmental malformation and disease in organisms. However, little knowledge is available regarding its potential regulation mechanisms, and little study links excess copper with retinal developmental malformation and disease. Methods Embryos were stressed with copper (CuNPs and Cu2+), and cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signaling detections, and genetic mutants cox17−/− and atp7a−/− application, were used to evaluate copper induced retinal developmental malformation and the underlying genetic and biological regulating mechanisms. Results Copper reduced retinal cells and down-regulated expression of retinal genes, damaged the structures of ER and mitochondria in retinal cells, up-regulated unfold protein responses (UPR) and ROS, and increased apoptosis in copper-stressed retinal cells. The copper induced retinal defects could be significantly neutralized by ROS scavengers reduced Glutathione (GSH) & N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and ER stress inhibitor 4- phenylbutyric acid (PBA). Blocking the transportation of copper to mitochondria, or to trans-Golgi network and to be exported into plasma, by deleting gene cox17 or atp7a, could alleviate retinal developmental defects in embryos under copper stresses. Conclusions This is probably the first report to reveal that copper nanoparticles and ions induce retinal developmental defects via upregulating UPR and ROS, leading to apoptosis in zebrafish embryonic retinal cells. Integrated function of copper transporter (Cox17 and Atp7a) is necessary for copper induced retinal defects. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - HaoJie Sun
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing-Xia Liu
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Kennedy E, Everson TM, Punshon T, Jackson BP, Hao K, Lambertini L, Chen J, Karagas MR, Marsit CJ. Copper associates with differential methylation in placentae from two US birth cohorts. Epigenetics 2020; 15:215-230. [PMID: 31462129 PMCID: PMC7028322 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2019.1661211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper is an essential trace nutrient and an enzymatic cofactor necessary for diverse physiological and biological processes. Copper metabolism is uniquely controlled in the placenta and changes to copper metabolism have been linked with adverse birth outcomes. We investigated associations between patterns of DNA methylation (DNAm; measured at >485 k CpG sites) and copper concentration measured from placentae in two independent mother-infant cohorts: the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study (NHBCS, n = 306) and the Rhode Island Child Health Study (RICHS, n = 141). We identified nine copper-associated differentially methylated regions (DMRs; adjusted P < 0.05) and 15 suggestive CpGs (raw P < 1e-5). One of the most robust variably methylated CpGs associated with the expression of the antioxidant, GSTP1. Our most robust DMR negatively associates with the expression of the zinc-finger gene, ZNF197 (FDR = 4.5e-11). Genes co-expressed with ZNF197, a transcription factor, are enriched for genes that associate with birth weight in RICHS (OR = 2.9, P = 2.6e-6, N = 194), genes that are near a ZNF197 consensus binding motif (OR = 1.34, P = 0.01, N = 194), and for those classified in GO biological processes growth hormone secretion (P = 3.4e-4), multicellular organism growth (P = 3.8e-4), and molecular functions related to lipid biosynthesis (P = 1.9e-4). Further, putative transcriptional targets for ZNF197 include genes involved in copper metabolism and placentation. Our results suggest that copper metabolism is tied to DNAm in the placenta and that copper-associated patterns in DNAm may mediate normal placentation and foetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Kennedy
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Todd M. Everson
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Tracy Punshon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Brian P. Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luca Lambertini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Carmen J. Marsit
- Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Children’s Environmental Health and Disease Prevention Research Center at Dartmouth, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH, USA
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10
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Medici V, LaSalle JM. Genetics and epigenetic factors of Wilson disease. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:S58. [PMID: 31179295 PMCID: PMC6531661 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.01.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a complex condition due to copper accumulation mainly in the liver and brain. The genetic base of WD is represented by pathogenic mutations of the copper-transporting gene ATP7B with consequent lack of copper excretion through the biliary tract. ATP7B is the only gene so far identified and known to be responsible for the development of the disease. Our understanding of the disease has been evolving as functional studies have associated specific disease-causing mutations with specific copper-transporter impairments. The most frequent variant in patients of European descent is the H1069Q missense mutation and it has been associated with protein misfolding, aberrant phosphorylation of the P-domain, and altered ATP binding orientation and affinity. Conversely, there is much less understanding of the relation between the genotype and the clinical manifestations of WD. WD is characterized by a highly varied and unpredictable presentation with different combined hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric symptoms. Several studies have attempted to correlate genotype and phenotype but the most recent evidences on larger populations failed to identify a relation between genotype and clinical presentations. Given that so far also modifier genes have not shown convincing association with WD, there is growing interest to identify epigenetic mechanisms of gene expression regulation as underlying the onset and progression of WD phenotype. Evidence from animal models indicated changes in methionine metabolism regulation with possible effects on DNA methylation. Mouse models of WD have indicated transcript level changes of genes related to DNA methylation in fetal and adult livers. And finally, evidence is accumulating regarding DNA methylation changes in patients with WD. It is unexplored how ATP7B genetic mutations combine with epigenetic changes to affect the phenotype. In conclusion, WD is a genetic disease with a complex regulation of its phenotype that includes molecular genetics and epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Medici
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Janine M. LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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Mordaunt CE, Kieffer DA, Shibata NM, Członkowska A, Litwin T, Weiss KH, Zhu Y, Bowlus CL, Sarkar S, Cooper S, Wan YJY, Ali MR, LaSalle JM, Medici V. Epigenomic signatures in liver and blood of Wilson disease patients include hypermethylation of liver-specific enhancers. Epigenetics Chromatin 2019; 12:10. [PMID: 30709419 PMCID: PMC6357467 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-019-0255-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wilson disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in ATP7B encoding a copper transporter. Consequent copper accumulation results in a variable WD clinical phenotype involving hepatic, neurologic, and psychiatric symptoms, without clear genotype-phenotype correlations. The goal of this study was to analyze alterations in DNA methylation at the whole-genome level in liver and blood from patients with WD to investigate epigenomic alterations associated with WD diagnosis and phenotype. We used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to examine distinct cohorts of WD subjects to determine whether DNA methylation could differentiate patients from healthy subjects and subjects with other liver diseases and distinguish between different WD phenotypes. RESULTS WGBS analyses in liver identified 969 hypermethylated and 871 hypomethylated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) specifically identifying patients with WD, including 18 regions with genome-wide significance. WD-specific liver DMRs were associated with genes enriched for functions in folate and lipid metabolism and acute inflammatory response and could differentiate early from advanced fibrosis in WD patients. Functional annotation revealed that WD-hypermethylated liver DMRs were enriched in liver-specific enhancers, flanking active liver promoters, and binding sites of liver developmental transcription factors, including Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4 alpha (HNF4A), Retinoid X Receptor alpha (RXRA), Forkhead Box A1 (FOXA1), and FOXA2. DMRs associated with WD progression were also identified, including 15 with genome-wide significance. However, WD DMRs in liver were not related to large-scale changes in proportions of liver cell types. DMRs detected in blood differentiated WD patients from healthy and disease control subjects, and distinguished between patients with hepatic and neurologic WD manifestations. WD phenotype DMRs corresponded to genes enriched for functions in mental deterioration, abnormal B cell physiology, and as members of the polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1). 44 DMRs associated with WD phenotype tested in a small validation cohort had a predictive value of 0.9. CONCLUSIONS We identified a disease-mechanism relevant epigenomic signature of WD that reveals new insights into potential biomarkers and treatments for this complex monogenic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Mordaunt
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Dorothy A Kieffer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Noreene M Shibata
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Anna Członkowska
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Litwin
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karl-Heinz Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yihui Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Christopher L Bowlus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Souvik Sarkar
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Stewart Cooper
- California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Yu-Jui Yvonne Wan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed R Ali
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Janine M LaSalle
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Genome Center, and MIND Institute, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Valentina Medici
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Exciting developments relating to Wilson disease (WD) have taken place with respect to both basic biological and clinical research. This review critically examines some of these findings and considers their implications for current thinking about WD. It is not a comprehensive review of WD as a clinical disorder. RECENT FINDINGS The structure of the gene product of ATP7B, abnormal in WD, is being worked out in detail, along with a broader description of how the protein ATP7B (Wilson ATPase) functions in cells including enterocytes, not only in relation to copper disposition but also to lipid synthesis. Recent population studies raise the possibility that WD displays incomplete penetrance. Innovative screening techniques may increase ascertainment. New strategies for diagnosing and treating WD are being developed. Several disorders have been identified which might qualify as WD-mimics. WD can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Insights from its pathobiology are providing new options for managing WD.
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