1
|
Vieira CP, Martins Lara NDLE, Procópio MS, Avelar GF. Optimization of spermatozoa analysis in mice: A comprehensive protocol. Tissue Cell 2024; 89:102463. [PMID: 38981185 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2024.102463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Sperm quality is critical to predict reproductive alterations caused by immunological factors or toxicant agents. Yet, no detailed protocol has been published focusing on analyses of sperm parameters in mice. Our aim was to evaluate the most efficient diluent for mice sperm analyses and to optimize the sperm morphology classification, through the comparison of different staining methods. The diluents assessed were PBS (baseline), HTF, DMEM, 1 % BSA in PBS and 9 % skimmed powdered milk diluted in PBS. Spermatozoa were evaluated for vitality, motility, and morphology, smears were stained with Papanicolaou, HE, Giemsa, and Rapid staining. Sperm vitality and total motility reached better scores in milk based and DMEM diluents. HE raised up as an effective option since its combination with any of the diluents we tested, resulted in a fair staining, which was appropriated to evaluate mice spermatozoa. Finally, based on WHO manual, we have updated the current morphological classification for mice sperm, since we have detailed the head defects as well as included midpiece and tail defects on it. Taken together, we presented a useful, low cost, and reliable method to assess sperm morphology that could be employed worldwide by laboratories dedicated to study reproductive biology on mice model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Pinhol Vieira
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcela Santos Procópio
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Gleide Fernandes Avelar
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Virtanen HE, Rodprasert W, Toppari J. Deteriorating Semen Quality: The Role of the Environment. Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41:226-240. [PMID: 38499038 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Since the end of the last century, several reports have suggested that semen quality is declining, especially in Western countries. Furthermore, cross-sectional studies using similar protocols have suggested regional differences in semen quality of young and fertile men. Reasons for these regional differences and local adverse trends in semen quality are unknown, but environmental factors are suspected to have a role. Besides adulthood environmental exposures, those occurring during testicular development may also affect semen quality. Longitudinal follow-up studies and mixture risk analyses are needed to study the effect of fetal, childhood, and adult life environment on semen quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helena E Virtanen
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Wiwat Rodprasert
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jorma Toppari
- Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Copenhagen University Hospital-Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Levine H, Jørgensen N, Martino-Andrade A, Mendiola J, Weksler-Derri D, Jolles M, Pinotti R, Swan SH. Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of samples collected globally in the 20th and 21st centuries. Hum Reprod Update 2023; 29:157-176. [PMID: 36377604 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 167.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have reported declines in semen quality and other markers of male reproductive health. Our previous meta-analysis reported a significant decrease in sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm count (TSC) among men from North America-Europe-Australia (NEA) based on studies published during 1981-2013. At that time, there were too few studies with data from South/Central America-Asia-Africa (SAA) to reliably estimate trends among men from these continents. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this study was to examine trends in sperm count among men from all continents. The broader implications of a global decline in sperm count, the knowledge gaps left unfilled by our prior analysis and the controversies surrounding this issue warranted an up-to-date meta-analysis. SEARCH METHODS We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify studies of human SC and TSC published during 2014-2019. After review of 2936 abstracts and 868 full articles, 44 estimates of SC and TSC from 38 studies met the protocol criteria. Data were extracted on semen parameters (SC, TSC, semen volume), collection year and covariates. Combining these new data with data from our previous meta-analysis, the current meta-analysis includes results from 223 studies, yielding 288 estimates based on semen samples collected 1973-2018. Slopes of SC and TSC were estimated as functions of sample collection year using simple linear regression as well as weighted meta-regression. The latter models were adjusted for predetermined covariates and examined for modification by fertility status (unselected by fertility versus fertile), and by two groups of continents: NEA and SAA. These analyses were repeated for data collected post-2000. Multiple sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine assumptions, including linearity. OUTCOMES Overall, SC declined appreciably between 1973 and 2018 (slope in the simple linear model: -0.87 million/ml/year, 95% CI: -0.89 to -0.86; P < 0.001). In an adjusted meta-regression model, which included two interaction terms [time × fertility group (P = 0.012) and time × continents (P = 0.058)], declines were seen among unselected men from NEA (-1.27; -1.78 to -0.77; P < 0.001) and unselected men from SAA (-0.65; -1.29 to -0.01; P = 0.045) and fertile men from NEA (-0.50; -1.00 to -0.01; P = 0.046). Among unselected men from all continents, the mean SC declined by 51.6% between 1973 and 2018 (-1.17: -1.66 to -0.68; P < 0.001). The slope for SC among unselected men was steeper in a model restricted to post-2000 data (-1.73: -3.23 to -0.24; P = 0.024) and the percent decline per year doubled, increasing from 1.16% post-1972 to 2.64% post-2000. Results were similar for TSC, with a 62.3% overall decline among unselected men (-4.70 million/year; -6.56 to -2.83; P < 0.001) in the adjusted meta-regression model. All results changed only minimally in multiple sensitivity analyses. WIDER IMPLICATIONS This analysis is the first to report a decline in sperm count among unselected men from South/Central America-Asia-Africa, in contrast to our previous meta-analysis that was underpowered to examine those continents. Furthermore, data suggest that this world-wide decline is continuing in the 21st century at an accelerated pace. Research on the causes of this continuing decline and actions to prevent further disruption of male reproductive health are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Murcia, Spain
| | - Dan Weksler-Derri
- Clalit Health Services, Kiryat Ono, Israel.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
| | - Maya Jolles
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah Medical Center, The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Pinotti
- Gustave L. and Janet W. Levy Library, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shanna H Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Feferkorn I, Azani L, Kadour-Peero E, Hizkiyahu R, Shrem G, Salmon-Divon M, Dahan MH. Geographic variation in semen parameters from data used for the World Health Organization semen analysis reference ranges. Fertil Steril 2022; 118:475-482. [PMID: 35750517 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study geographic variations in sperm parameters using data from the trials that defined the reference ranges of the World Health Organization 2021 manual. DESIGN Retrospective evaluation of the data used to define the World Health Organization reference ranges. SETTING Not applicable. PATIENT(S) Data from 11 studies, including 3,484 participants across 5 continents. INTERVENTION(S) The data were divided according to geographic locations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Differences in sperm parameters. RESULT(S) The semen volume was significantly lower in samples from Asia and Africa than in other regions. The sperm concentration was the lowest in Africa and highest in Australia. The total motile sperm count (TMSC) and total motile progressive sperm count (TMPS) were significantly lower in Africa than in other regions. The TMSC and TMPS in Asia and the United States were significantly lower than in Europe and Australia. The 5th percentile of the sperm concentration was lowest in the United States (12.5 × 106/mL). The 5th percentile for the normal sperm morphology was lowest in the United States (3%) and highest in Asia (5%). The 5th percentile for the TMSC and TMPS were lowest in Africa (TMSC, 15.08 million; TMPS, 12.06 million) and the United States (TMSC, 18.05 million; TMPS, 16.86 million) and highest in Australia (TMSC, 29.61 million; TMPS, 25.80 million). CONCLUSION(S) Significant geographic differences in sperm parameters exist, and regional fertility societies should consider adding their own reference ranges on the basis of local experience and treatment outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Feferkorn
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, Québec, Canada.
| | - Liat Azani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Einav Kadour-Peero
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Ranit Hizkiyahu
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, Québec, Canada
| | - Guy Shrem
- IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mali Salmon-Divon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel; Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michael H Dahan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Paffoni A, Somigliana E, Boeri L, Viganò P. The statistical foundation of the reference population for semen analysis included in the sixth edition of the WHO manual: a critical reappraisal of the evidence. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:2237-2245. [PMID: 35849333 PMCID: PMC9527466 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the most recent version of the ‘WHO Laboratory Manual For The Examination And Processing Of Human Semen’, the updated target population used to infer reference values included 3589 fertile subjects, representative of 12 countries and 5 continents, and 10 studies. We have critically evaluated the newly proposed distribution of semen examination results using an approach borrowed from clinical chemistry laboratories and based on the recommendations of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry for estimation of reference intervals. Surprisingly, most prerequisites to produce common reference intervals through multicentric data were not met. Moreover, when we assessed with the bootstrap method the descriptive reference values obtained from raw data of the 10 individual studies for sperm concentration, sperm number, motility and normal forms, we found that none of the populations was completely correctly described by the reference centiles. We concluded that aggregated data used to build the reference distribution cannot be considered to originate from the same population, and this can result from real differences among individuals or different methodological approaches used in the various studies. Transferability conditions across studies did not seem to have been met. Our findings strengthen the relevance of concerns regarding the use of reference populations in the World Health Organization manual to discriminate between fertile and infertile men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Edgardo Somigliana
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy.,Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Boeri
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Urology, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Viganò
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Infertility Unit, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Feferkorn I, Azani L, Kadour-Peero E, Hizkiyahu R, Shrem G, Salmon-Divon M, Dahan MH. An evaluation of changes over time in the semen parameters data used for the World Health Organization semen analysis reference ranges. Andrology 2021; 10:660-668. [PMID: 34964554 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous meta-analyses concluded that there is a decline in sperm parameters over time. This conclusion might be incorrect due to inherent biases or focusing only on a single parameter - sperm concentration. OBJECTIVE To study trends in sperm parameters over the past twenty years using data from the trials that defined the reference ranges of the World Health Organization manual. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective evaluation of the data used to define the World Health Organization reference ranges. The data from 11 studies, including 3589 participants between 1996-2016, were divided into three period groups based on the decade of study. Differences in semen parameters' distribution were presented in boxplot. P-values were calculated by the Kruskal Wallis rank-sum test followed by Dunn post-hoc test. Analyses were conducted using the R programming language. RESULTS A small decrease was noted in mean sperm concentrations (88.1 million/ml, 87.6 million/ml and 77.2 million/ml for the first second and third decades respectively) (p<0.01). However, the 5th percentile of sperm concentration for the third decade was higher than the first or second decades (18 million/ml vs. 14.9 million/ml and 15 million/ml respectively). No significant differences were noted in progressive motility over the years (p = 0.32). The percent of morphologically normal sperm decreased between the first (24.2%) and the second (12.6%) periods of the study (p<0.001) and then increased in the third decade (14.2%) (p<0.01). While TMC declined between the second and third decades (189 million and 153.9 million respectively, p<0.001), at levels unlikely to decrease fertility. However, the 5th percentile of the TMC remained stable at 24.9, 20.8 and 20.6 million, for the first, second and third decades respectively (p = 0.36). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE Trends in sperm parameters over the last three decades do not seem to be clinically significant. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Feferkorn
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, 888 Boul. de Maisonneuve E #200, Montréal, QC, H2L 4S8, Canada
| | - Liat Azani
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan St, Ariel, Israel
| | - Einav Kadour-Peero
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, 888 Boul. de Maisonneuve E #200, Montréal, QC, H2L 4S8, Canada
| | - Ranit Hizkiyahu
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, 888 Boul. de Maisonneuve E #200, Montréal, QC, H2L 4S8, Canada
| | - Guy Shrem
- IVF unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, 1 Derech Pasternak, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Mali Salmon-Divon
- Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan St, Ariel, Israel.,Adelson School of Medicine, Ariel University, 65 Ramat HaGolan St, Ariel, Israel
| | - Michael H Dahan
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, McGill University Health Care Center, 888 Boul. de Maisonneuve E #200, Montréal, QC, H2L 4S8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
The purpose of this American Society for Reproductive Medicine Practice Committee report is to provide clinicians with principles and strategies for the evaluation and treatment of couples with infertility associated with obesity. This revised document replaces the Practice Committee document titled "Obesity and reproduction: an educational bulletin" last published in 2015 (Fertil Steril 2015;104:1116-26).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
-
- American Society for Reproductive Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ramírez N, Estofán G, Tissera A, Molina R, Luque EM, Torres PJ, Mangeaud A, Martini AC. Do aging, drinking, and having unhealthy weight have a synergistic impact on semen quality? J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2985-2994. [PMID: 34327599 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02274-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate if age, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI) have synergistic effects on seminal quality, and to rank these factors based on their impact on semen. METHODS Retrospective study of 9464 patients attending an andrology laboratory. Data on patients' age and daily alcohol intake were provided by the patients. BMI was recorded in the laboratory. Seminal parameters evaluated were volume, sperm concentration and total count, motility, morphology, viability, nuclear maturity, and membrane functional integrity. RESULTS All the seminal parameters evaluated were affected by the synergistic interaction Age x BMI, suggesting that this combination is more potent in affecting semen quality. The variables sperm morphology and nuclear maturity seemed to be especially susceptible since they were affected by the three synergistic interactions. In the logistic regression analysis, age was the most powerful factor since it impacted first on five of the nine parameters, impacting mainly on sperm motility, viability, and morphology, with no effects on sperm count. On the contrary, BMI impacted first in sperm concentration and total sperm count; which was confirmed also by the logistic predictions analysis. Alcohol consumption impacted first on membrane functional integrity and nuclear maturity. A J-shaped association between BMI or alcohol consumption with semen quality was found in the multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION The factors considered in this study showed a synergistic negative impact on semen quality, being age and unhealthy weight the most important ones. Reducing the exposure to lifestyle risk factors may be promising for improving sperm quality in infertile patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ramírez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Estofán
- Centro Integral de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Reproducción (CIGOR), Chacabuco 1123, X5000IIL, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrea Tissera
- Laboratorio de Andrología y Reproducción (LAR), Chacabuco 1089, X5000IIK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rosa Molina
- Laboratorio de Andrología y Reproducción (LAR), Chacabuco 1089, X5000IIK, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Mercedes Luque
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pedro Javier Torres
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Arnaldo Mangeaud
- Cátedra de Bioestadística, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Carolina Martini
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU, Córdoba, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang Fui MN, Hoermann R, Wittert G, Grossmann M. Testicular volume and clinical correlates of hypothalamic-pituitary-testicular function: A cross-sectional study in obese men. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:354-359. [PMID: 31535628 PMCID: PMC7406092 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_96_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether testicular volume is correlated with clinical and biochemical markers of hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular (HPT) axis function. This was a cross-sectional substudy of a larger randomized controlled trial including obese men, body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg m−2, with a total testosterone level <12 nmol l−1. Testicular volume was measured by orchidometer, testosterone by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, and body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Men completed the Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) score, International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), physical function, and handgrip dynamometer testing. Eighty-nine men participated with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 53.1 (47.6, 59.2) years, BMI of 37.0 (34.6, 40.5) kg m−2, and a total testosterone of 7.0 (6.1, 7.9) nmol l−1. Median testicular volume was 18 (IQR: 10, 20) ml. Testicular volume was negatively correlated with BMI (τ = −0.1952, P = 0.010) and total fat mass (τ = −0.2115, P = 0.005) independent of age and testosterone. When BMI, testosterone, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and luteinizing hormone (LH) were present in a multivariable model, only BMI (-0.38 ml change in testicular volume per 1 kg m-2 BMI; 95% CI: −0.74, −0.02; P = 0.04) and LH (-0.92 ml change in testicular volume per 1 IU l-1 LH; 95% CI: −1.75, −0.095; P = 0.03) remained independent significant predictors of testicular volume. Testicular volume was positively correlated with IIEF-5 (τ = 0.2092, P = 0.021), but not related to handgrip strength, physical function tests, or AMS. In obese men, testicular volume is inversely and independently associated with measures of adiposity, but not with most clinical or biochemical markers of HPT axis action. From a clinical perspective, this suggests that obesity might compromise the reliability of reduced testicular volume as a sign of androgen deficiency in men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ng Tang Fui
- Department of Medicine Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Rudolf Hoermann
- Department of Medicine Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
| | - Gary Wittert
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Mathis Grossmann
- Department of Medicine Austin Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3084, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Calogero AE, Fiore M, Giacone F, Altomare M, Asero P, Ledda C, Romeo G, Mongioì LM, Copat C, Giuffrida M, Vicari E, Sciacca S, Ferrante M. Exposure to multiple metals/metalloids and human semen quality: A cross-sectional study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 215:112165. [PMID: 33773149 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to metals/metalloids, including essential and nonessential elements, has been associated to male reproductive health in animals. However, findings from human studies are inconsistent. OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of exposure to multiple metals/metalloids at environmental levels on the conventional human semen-quality parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Men living in rural or industrial areas were recruited by personalized letters. No exclusion criteria were applied. Each man provided one semen sample and one blood sample. We analyzed the semen sample both to determine conventional sperm parameters (concentration, progressive motility and normal forms) and to quantify lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), nickel (Ni), vanadium (V) and selenium (Se) levels. The levels of these metals/metalloids were also quantified in venous blood and spermatozoa samples. Associations between the blood/seminal plasma metal/metalloid levels and semen quality parameters were assessed using confounder adjusted logistic regression models. Correlation and interactions between blood/seminal plasma and semen metal/metalloid levels were investigated using the Spearman's correlation. RESULTS We found a positive association of seminal plasma cadmium level with lower Total count (OR = 4.48, 95%CI 0.25-80); whereas lead (OR = 4.51, 95%CI 0.86-23) and cadmium (OR = 3.45, 95%CI 0.77-16) seminal plasma levels had a positive association with progressive sperm motility. Overall, these associations remained suggestive after adjustment, though statistically unstable risks. Finally, we found weak interactions between beneficial effects of Se and detrimental ones only for Cd and Pb blood level on sperm concentration, total sperm count and progressive sperm motility. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that environmental exposure to Pb and Cd contributes to a decline in human semen quality, whereas Se can have beneficial effects. Measurements of metals/metalloids in the seminal fluid may be more predictable of semen quality than conventional blood measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Fiore
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Filippo Giacone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Altomare
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Paola Asero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Caterina Ledda
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulietta Romeo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura M Mongioì
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Chiara Copat
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Enzo Vicari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sciacca
- Cancer Registry of Catania, Messina, Syracuse and Enna, Via Santa Sofia 87, Catania, Italy
| | - Margherita Ferrante
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia", University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Osadchuk L, Shantanova L, Troev I, Kleshchev M, Osadchuk A. Regional and ethnic differences in semen quality and reproductive hormones in Russia: A Siberian population-based cohort study of young men. Andrology 2021; 9:1512-1525. [PMID: 33884771 PMCID: PMC8596582 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background This is the first large‐scale Russian study describing semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among young men. Objectives The aim of the study was to compare semen quality and reproductive hormone levels in young men of four cities and three ethnic groups living in the Siberian region of Russia and to find out ethnic or environmental reasons for regional differences. Materials and methods The study population consisted of 1291 young men from Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan‐Ude, and Yakutsk, including 1013 men of three most numerous ethnic groups: Slavs, Buryats, and Yakuts. Each participant provided one sperm and blood sample, information about lifestyle and ethnicity. Anthropometric parameters, semen quality and reproductive hormone levels, were evaluated. Results Significant regional and ethnic differences were detected for semen and reproductive hormone parameters. Median sperm concentrations in Novosibirsk, Kemerovo, Ulan‐Ude, and Yakutsk were 54.6, 39.9, 34.7, 33.1 × 106/ml; total sperm counts—202.5, 138.7, 97.9, 93.4 × 106; percentages of morphologically normal spermatozoa—7.8%, 6.5%, 6.3%, 5.0%, respectively. Median sperm concentrations in Slavs, Buryats, and Yakuts were 43.7, 37.0, 30.6 × 106/ml; total sperm counts—150.0, 102.3 and 74.8 × 106; percentages of morphologically normal spermatozoa—6.8%, 6.8%, 4.8%, respectively. Discussion The young men in Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, populated by Slavs, had a higher semen quality compared to Ulan‐Ude and Yakutsk, populated by Buryats and Yakuts, apparently due to the higher testicular function in Slavic compared to Asian ethnicity. Impaired spermatogenesis in young men in Kemerovo compared to Novosibirsk, located in the same climatic zone and having a socio‐cultural and ethnic identity, may be due to the influence of a polluted environment. Conclusion The findings suggest that ethnic composition and environment may be responsible for regional differences in semen and reproductive hormone parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila Osadchuk
- Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Larisa Shantanova
- Institute of General and Experimental Biology, the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia
| | - Ivan Troev
- M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
| | - Maxim Kleshchev
- Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Osadchuk
- Federal Research Center 'Institute of Cytology and Genetics', the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Campbell MJ, Lotti F, Baldi E, Schlatt S, Festin MPR, Björndahl L, Toskin I, Barratt CLR. Distribution of semen examination results 2020 - A follow up of data collated for the WHO semen analysis manual 2010. Andrology 2021; 9:817-822. [PMID: 33528873 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is now 11 years since publication of the WHO 2010 guidelines for semen assessment values, and it is critical to determine whether they are still valid and/or whether they should be modified. OBJECTIVES To utilise data published since 2010 and combine these with data used in the 2010 assessment to provide an updated and more comprehensive representation of the fertile man. This may be utilised to present an updated distribution of values for use by WHO in 2021. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two specific analyses were performed namely, (1) Analysis 1: Examination of published data following publication of WHO 2010 [termed 2010-2020 data]. (2) Analysis 2: Examination of the data used to help formulate the 2010 distribution of values combined with the data from Analysis (1) [termed WHO 2020]. RESULTS In total, data from more than 3500 subjects, from twelve countries and five continents were analysed. The 5th centile values for concentration, motility and morphology are: 16 × 106 /ml, 30% progressive motility [42% total motility] and 4% normal forms. DISCUSSION This study presents substantial additional information to establish more comprehensive and globally applicable lower reference values for semen parameters for fertile men although they do not represent distinct limits between fertile and subfertile men. There are still data missing from many countries and, some geographical regions are not represented. Moreover, the number of subjects although significant is still relatively low (<4000). CONCLUSION These distributions of values now include semen analysis providing a more global representation of the fertile man. Increasing the number of subjects provides robust information that is also more geographically representative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin J Campbell
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| | - Francesco Lotti
- Andrology, Female Endocrinology and Gender Incongruence Unit, Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefan Schlatt
- Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Mario P R Festin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
| | - Lars Björndahl
- Andrology Laboratory, ANOVA - Karolinska University Hospital & Karolinska Instiutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Igor Toskin
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health and Research (SRH), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christopher L R Barratt
- Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ramírez N, Molina RI, Tissera A, Luque EM, Torres PJ, Bianconi S, Beltramone F, Sad-Larcher J, Estofán G, Mangeaud A, Martini AC. Recategorisation of body mass index to achieve andrological predictive power: a study in more than 20 000 patients. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:648-656. [PMID: 32156334 DOI: 10.1071/rd19429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to recategorise body mass index (BMI) in order to classify patients according to their risk of semen abnormalities. Patients (n=20563) presenting at an andrology laboratory were classified into five groups according to BMI: underweight (BMI <20kg m-2), normal weight (BMI 20-24.9kg m-2), overweight (BMI 25-29.9kg m-2), obese (BMI 30-39.9kg m-2) and morbidly obese (BMI >40kg m-2). Semen quality was evaluated to determine: (1) differences between groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA); (2) the chances of semen abnormalities (using generalised linear models, Chi-squared tests and odds ratios); (3) reference BMI values with andrological predictive power (multivariate conglomerate analyses and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA)); and (4) expected values of abnormalities for each new group resulting from BMI recategorisation. Morbidly obese and underweight patients exhibited the highest decrease in semen quality and had higher chances of semen abnormalities. The smallest number of sperm abnormalities was found at a BMI of 27kg m-2. Four reference values were identified, recategorising BMI into four groups according to their risk of semen abnormalities (from lowest to highest risk): Group1,BMI between 20 and 32kg m-2; Group2, BMI <20 and BMI >32-37kg m-2; Group3, BMI >37-42kg m-2; and Group4, BMI >42kg m-2. A BMI <20 or >32kg m-2 is negatively associated with semen quality; these negative associations on semen quality increase from a BMI >37kg m-2 and increase even further for BMI >42kg m-2. The BMI recategorisation in this study has andrological predictive power.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ramírez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Rosa Inés Molina
- Laboratorio de Andrología y Reproducción, Chacabuco 1089, X5000IIK Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Andrea Tissera
- Laboratorio de Andrología y Reproducción, Chacabuco 1089, X5000IIK Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Mercedes Luque
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Pedro Javier Torres
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU Córdoba, Argentina; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enrique Barros, Pabellón de Biología Celular, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Santiago Bianconi
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU Córdoba, Argentina; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enrique Barros, Pabellón de Biología Celular, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Fernando Beltramone
- Centro Integral de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Reproducción, Chacabuco 1123, X5000IIL Córdoba, Argentina
| | - José Sad-Larcher
- Centro Integral de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Reproducción, Chacabuco 1123, X5000IIL Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Estofán
- Centro Integral de Ginecología, Obstetricia y Reproducción, Chacabuco 1123, X5000IIL Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Arnaldo Mangeaud
- Cátedra de Bioestadística, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Vélez Sarsfield 299, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Carolina Martini
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Santa Rosa 1085, X5000ESU Córdoba, Argentina; and Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Enrique Barros, Pabellón de Biología Celular, X5000 Córdoba, Argentina; and Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Winship A, Donoghue J, Houston BJ, Martin JH, Lord T, Adwal A, Gonzalez M, Desroziers E, Ahmad G, Richani D, Bromfield EG. Reproductive health research in Australia and New Zealand: highlights from the Annual Meeting of the Society for Reproductive Biology, 2019. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 32:637-647. [PMID: 32234188 DOI: 10.1071/rd19449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The 2019 meeting of the Society for Reproductive Biology (SRB) provided a platform for the dissemination of new knowledge and innovations to improve reproductive health in humans, enhance animal breeding efficiency and understand the effect of the environment on reproductive processes. The effects of environment and lifestyle on fertility and animal behaviour are emerging as the most important modern issues facing reproductive health. Here, we summarise key highlights from recent work on endocrine-disrupting chemicals and diet- and lifestyle-induced metabolic changes and how these factors affect reproduction. This is particularly important to discuss in the context of potential effects on the reproductive potential that may be imparted to future generations of humans and animals. In addition to key summaries of new work in the male and female reproductive tract and on the health of the placenta, for the first time the SRB meeting included a workshop on endometriosis. This was an important opportunity for researchers, healthcare professionals and patient advocates to unite and provide critical updates on efforts to reduce the effect of this chronic disease and to improve the welfare of the women it affects. These new findings and directions are captured in this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Winship
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Stem Cells and Development Program, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Donoghue
- The University of Melbourne, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Vic. 3052, Australia
| | - Brendan J Houston
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Vic. 3800, Australia
| | - Jacinta H Martin
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Tessa Lord
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; and Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2300, Australia
| | - Alaknanda Adwal
- The University of Adelaide Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, North Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Macarena Gonzalez
- The University of Adelaide Robinson Research Institute, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Elodie Desroziers
- Department of Physiology and Centre for Neuroendocrinology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- The University of Sydney Medical School, Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Dulama Richani
- School of Women's and Children's Health, Fertility and Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2300, Australia; and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Netherlands; and Corresponding author:
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Salas-Huetos A, Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, James ER, Carrell DT, Aston KI, Jenkins TG, Becerra-Tomás N, Javid AZ, Abed R, Torres PJ, Luque EM, Ramírez ND, Martini AC, Salas-Salvadó J. Male adiposity, sperm parameters and reproductive hormones: An updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22:e13082. [PMID: 32705766 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The present updated systematic review and meta-analysis aims to summarize the evidence from published studies with low risk for any important bias (based on methodological quality assessment) investigating the potential associations of adiposity with sperm quality and reproductive hormones. We conducted a systematic search of the literature published in MEDLINE-PubMed and EMBASE through June 2019. Based on the criteria in our review, 169 eligible publications were used for data abstraction. Finally, 60 articles were included in the qualitative analysis and 28 in the quantitative analysis. Our systematic review results indicated that overweight and/or obesity were associated with low semen quality parameters (i.e., semen volume, sperm count and concentration, sperm vitality and normal morphology) and some specific reproductive hormones (e.g., inhibin B, total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin). Overweight and/or obesity were also positively associated with high estradiol concentrations. Meta-analysis indicated that overweight and/or obesity categories were associated with lower sperm quality (i.e., semen volume, sperm count and concentration, sperm vitality, total motility and normal morphology), and underweight category was likewise associated with low sperm normal morphology. In conclusion, our results suggest that maintaining a healthy body weight is important for increasing sperm quality parameters and potentially male fertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Salas-Huetos
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Leila Maghsoumi-Norouzabad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Emma R James
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Douglas T Carrell
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Kenneth I Aston
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Timothy G Jenkins
- Andrology and IVF Laboratory, Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Nerea Becerra-Tomás
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ahmad Zare Javid
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.,Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Reza Abed
- Aras Hospital, Iran Social Security Organization, Parsabad, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Pedro Javier Torres
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Mercedes Luque
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Nicolás David Ramírez
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Ana Carolina Martini
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (FCM), Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (INICSA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas (CONICET)-FCM, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.,Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Nutrition Unit, University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Reus, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Maghsoumi-Norouzabad L, Zare Javid A, Aiiashi S, Hosseini SA, Dadfar M, Bazyar H, Dastoorpur M. The Impact of Obesity on Various Semen Parameters and Sex Hormones in Iranian Men with Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study. Res Rep Urol 2020; 12:357-365. [PMID: 32944568 PMCID: PMC7481269 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s258617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to examine the correlations between body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) and semen parameters (semen volume, sperm count, motility, and morphology) and sex hormones in Iranian men with infertility. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, a total of 119 male patients who had lived as a partner in an infertile couple for at least 1 year, after regular unprotected sexual intercourse in their married life were investigated. BMI and WC were assessed, and a morning blood sample was taken assessing serum levels of testosterone (T), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), prolactin (PRL), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and leptin. Semen-analysis parameters were also measured. Results Based on BMI and WC, the sperm count, total motility and progressive sperm were significantly lower in overweight and obese infertile males compared to that in normal weight infertile males and those with WC<102 cm. In addition, the fraction of sperm with abnormal morphology was significantly higher in infertile men with WC>102 cm compared to that in those with WC<102 cm. Moreover serum levels of LH, FSH, and leptin were significantly higher in overweight and obese infertile males compared to that in normal weight infertile males and those with WC<102 cm. Moreover serum level of E2 was significantly higher in obese infertile males compared to the normal weight infertile males and in those with WC>102 cm compared to the WC<102 cm. Furthermore, serum level of T was significantly lower in obese infertile males compared to the overweight infertile males and in those with WC>102 cm compared to the WC<102 cm. The mean of T/E2 ratio also was significantly lower in obese infertile males vs overweight and normal weight infertile males and in those with WC>102 cm compared to the WC<102 cm. Conclusion We concluded that overweight and obesity in infertile men compared to those with normal weight may worsen the infertility situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmad Zare Javid
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Saleh Aiiashi
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Dadfar
- Department of Urology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hadi Bazyar
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Dastoorpur
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Air Pollution and Respiratory Diseases Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Anvari Aria S, Nordström Joensen U, Bang AK, Priskorn L, Nordkap L, Andersson AM, Jørgensen N. Testicular microlithiasis on scrotal ultrasound in 4850 young men from the general population: associations with semen quality. Andrology 2020; 8:1736-1743. [PMID: 32619084 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testicular microlithiasis (TM) is sometimes found on scrotal ultrasound. The prevalence seems higher in populations of men with testicular dysfunction, and TM may be a risk factor for testicular germ cell neoplasia in situ in men with additional risk factors. The association between TM and testicular function is controversial, especially in incidentally found TM. OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of TM in young men from the general population, and associations between TM, semen quality, and reproductive hormones. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study of 4850 Danish men, median age 19 years. Testicular pattern, including the presence of TM, was assessed by ultrasound examination. Participants provided a questionnaire, one semen sample, and one blood sample. Semen variables and serum reproductive hormones were analyzed as outcomes using multivariable regression analysis to determine associations with TM. RESULTS TM was detected in 53 men (1%), of which 19 (36%) were unilateral and 34 (64%) were bilateral cases. A history of cryptorchidism was associated with presence of TM. Bilateral TM was associated with slightly lower testicular volume, sperm concentration, and total sperm count. TM was not significantly associated with serum testosterone or other reproductive hormones. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION TM is rare in men from the general population and is associated with lower sperm count if bilateral, although effect sizes were small. Current European guidelines do not recommend any follow-up in cases of TM with no other risk factors for testicular cancer. We suggest that men with incidentally found bilateral TM may be offered a semen analysis, but analysis of reproductive hormones seems unnecessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheida Anvari Aria
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Anne Kirstine Bang
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Laerke Priskorn
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Loa Nordkap
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Niels Jørgensen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gangwar PK, Sankhwar SN, Pant S, Krishna A, Singh BP, Mahdi AA, Singh R. Increased Gonadotropins and prolactin are linked to infertility in males. Bioinformation 2020; 16:176-182. [PMID: 32405170 PMCID: PMC7196164 DOI: 10.6026/97320630016176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility has become a significant issue among married couples worldwide. The association of variations in reproductive hormones with infertility is evaluated at a tertiary care
hospital in North India. A total of 220 infertile males having infertility longer than one year (cases) and 220 age-matched fertile males with confirmed paternity in past two to three
years (controls) were enrolled for the study. Serum levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and PRL were measured by Roche e411 autoanalyzer using electrochemiluminescense immunoassay
technique. Significant higher levels of serum hormone (mean±SD) were found in cases vs. controls; LH (9.02±7.81 vs. 5.22±1.45 mIU/ml), FSH (11.45±14.02 vs.
4.09±1.62 mIU/ml) and PRL (199.08±80.79 vs. 127.23±81.64 µIU/ml). However, the serum testosterone level was significantly low in cases associated with male
infertility (4.62±2.03 vs. 6.82±2.79 ng/ml). LH, FSH and PRL levels were significantly increased in azoospermic, oligozoospermic and asthenozoospermic infertile males
while FSH and PRL were significantly elevated in normozoospermic infertile group. Conversely, mean serum testosterone levels were significantly low in all infertile subgroups in
comparison to fertile controls. PRL showed a significant prediction of Normozoospermia (AUC=0.836, Z=4.916, p<0.001) in ROC analysis. Data presented here is interesting, requiring
further confirmation using larger samples of multiple cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shriya Pant
- Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.,India
| | - Akhilesh Krishna
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.,India
| | - Bhupendra Pal Singh
- Department of Urology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.,India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P.,India
| | - Rajender Singh
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, U.P.,India
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Cito G, Becatti M, Natali A, Fucci R, Picone R, Cocci A, Falcone P, Criscuoli L, Mannucci A, Argento FR, Bertocci F, Serni S, Carini M, Fiorillo C, Coccia ME. Redox status assessment in infertile patients with non-obstructive azoospermia undergoing testicular sperm extraction: A prospective study. Andrology 2019; 8:364-371. [PMID: 31654557 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress (OS) is one of the most prevalent causes of sperm damage, through the toxic effects of endogenously generated hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and hydroxyl radicals. Peripheral leukocytes represent a feasible model for studying the pathophysiology of OS-mediated homeostasis, which can be responsible for cell dysfunction and cell injury. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the redox status in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), establishing the potential role exerted by reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the genesis of testicular secretory injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS From May 2018 to March 2019, 39 patients were enrolled in this prospective single-center cohort study and divided into two groups. Group 1 included 19 patients with NOA, and Group 2 included 20 normozoospermic men, partners of women with infertility tubal factor. All patients underwent serum blood tests. NOA underwent testicular sperm extraction (TeSE). ROS production (in lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes) was assessed by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis. Plasma oxidative stress was evaluated by lipid peroxidation markers (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) both assessed by fluorometric techniques. RESULTS Mean lymphocyte ROS production resulted 967.0 ± 224.5 vs 728.0 ± 98.0 (NOA vs Controls, P < .001), monocyte ROS resulted 2102.5 ± 517.5 vs 1253 ± 171 (P < .001), and granulocyte ROS were 2366.5 ± 595.4 vs 1751.0 ± 213.0 (P < .001). Significant increases plasma lipid peroxidation markers were found in NOA patients compared with controls (2.7 ± 0.8 vs 0.37 ± 0.2 nmol/mL, P < .001). Significant decreased TAC was evident in NOA compared with controls (13.4 ± 3.9 vs 3.0 ± 0.2 µmol/mL Trolox equivalents, P < .001). No significant differences were found in blood leukocyte subpopulations ROS production, plasma lipid peroxidation, and TAC comparing groups (positive vs negative sperm retrieval, P > .05). CONCLUSION ROS production can be directly related to disorders of spermatogenesis, leading to severe conditions of male infertility, including azoospermia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gianmartin Cito
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alessandro Natali
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rossella Fucci
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rita Picone
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Patrizia Falcone
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Luciana Criscuoli
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Amanda Mannucci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Flavia R Argento
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Francesco Bertocci
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Sergio Serni
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Carini
- Department of Urology, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria E Coccia
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Centre, Careggi Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Leisegang K, Henkel R, Agarwal A. Obesity and metabolic syndrome associated with systemic inflammation and the impact on the male reproductive system. Am J Reprod Immunol 2019; 82:e13178. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.13178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine University of the Western Cape Bellville Cape Town South Africa
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Biosciences University of the Western Cape Bellville Cape Town South Africa
- Department of Urology American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- Department of Urology American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
How much does obesity affect the male reproductive function? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY SUPPLEMENTS 2019; 9:50-64. [PMID: 31391924 DOI: 10.1038/s41367-019-0008-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is considered a worldwide epidemic disease. Many pathological conditions have been associated to obesity but the evidence relating to impaired fertility in males with obesity are contrasting. The aim of this review was to evaluate the interplay between obesity and male fertility, analyzing evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies to clinical trials. Obesity seems to be responsible of secondary hypogonadism. Here, we propose a new classification including central, peripheral and testicular factors that may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Moreover, some studies demonstrated a direct action of obesity on sperm count and sperm characteristics, mediated by impaired Sertoli cells function, increased scrotal temperature, oxidative stress and accumulation of toxic substances and liposoluble endocrine disruptors in fat tissue. Recent studies have explored obesity-related epigenetic effects in sperm cells which may cause diseases in offspring. Moreover, not only in females but also males, obesity has been linked to reduced outcomes of in vitro fertilization, with a reduction of pregnancy rate and an increase of pregnancy loss. Finally, we reviewed the effects of weight modifications through diet or bariatric surgery on obesity-related reproductive dysfunction. In this regard, several studies have demonstrated that weight loss has been associated with a restoration of gonadal hormones levels.
Collapse
|
22
|
Saikia UK, Saikia K, Sarma D, Appaiah S. Sertoli Cell Function in Young Males with Metabolic Syndrome. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2019; 23:251-256. [PMID: 31161113 PMCID: PMC6540901 DOI: 10.4103/ijem.ijem_574_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT The last few decades have witnessed an alarming increase in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) worldwide including India. Apart from the known risks of MetS in terms of cardiovascular risk and mortality, there is increasing evidence that it also leads to alteration in testicular function and fertility. AIMS To assess the presence of hypogonadism and Sertoli cell dysfunction in young adult males with MetS and correlate these parameters with different components of the MetS. SETTINGS AND DESIGN Cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, a tertiary care hospital in North East India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Young adult males with MetS aged 20-40 years and age-matched healthy males who served as controls were examined clinically. Laboratory investigations done in the fasting state included blood glucose, lipid profile, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), inhibin B and total testosterone (Te). Semen was collected after 3 days abstinence and analysis done. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Baseline parameters were presented as median and 'Kruskal-Wallis' test was used to compare them. Pearson test and multiple regression analysis were used to assess the correlation and association between variables. RESULTS Fifty cases with MetS and 30 controls were included in the study. Subjects with MetS had significantly lower levels of total Te, FSH and inhibin B. They also had significantly lower semen volume, sperm count and total as well as progressive motility. There was a significant negative correlation of waist circumference and positive correlation of inhibin B with total sperm count. A significant negative association of serum triglycerides with semen volume was also found. CONCLUSION MetS is a state of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism as reflected by low total Te, FSH and inhibin B levels with semen abnormalities reflecting Sertoli cell dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uma Kaimal Saikia
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Kunjan Saikia
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Dipti Sarma
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Sonali Appaiah
- Department of Endocrinology, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Arafa M, Henkel R, Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Elbardisi H. Correlation of oxidation–reduction potential with hormones, semen parameters and testicular volume. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13258. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Arafa
- Urology Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Andrology Department Cairo University Cairo Egypt
- Urology Department Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar Doha Qatar
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
- Department of Medical Bioscience University of the Western Cape Bellville South Africa
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Urology Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Urology Department Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar Doha Qatar
- Department of Urology, American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Ohio
| | - Haitham Elbardisi
- Urology Department Hamad Medical Corporation Doha Qatar
- Urology Department Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar Doha Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ma J, Wu L, Zhou Y, Zhang H, Xiong C, Peng Z, Bao W, Meng T, Liu Y. Association between BMI and semen quality: an observational study of 3966 sperm donors. Hum Reprod 2019; 34:155-162. [PMID: 30407511 PMCID: PMC6676949 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dey328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What is the relationship between abnormal BMI and semen quality? SUMMARY ANSWER Underweight was significantly associated with lower sperm concentration, total sperm number and total motile sperm count, while overweight was significantly associated with lower semen volume, total sperm number and total motile sperm count. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Abnormal BMI has been associated with lower semen quality, but the results remain somewhat controversial. In addition, most previous studies have focused on the influence of obesity or overweight on semen quality, and evidence on the association between underweight and semen quality is rare. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This research was an observational study investigating 3966 sperm donors from a large sperm bank in Wuhan city, China. These donors passed the screening for sperm donation and underwent 29 949 semen examinations between 1 January 2013 and 9 April 2018. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS BMI was categorized into four groups: underweight (<18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25-29.9 kg/m2) and obese (≥30 kg/m2). Semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm number, total motility, progressive motility and total motile sperm count were determined by trained clinical technicians. Linear mixed models were used to conduct dose-response analyses between BMI and semen quality parameters. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Underweight was significantly associated with a 3.0% (95% CI: 0.1%, 5.8%), 6.7% (1.9%, 11.3%) and 7.4% (2.2%, 12.4%) reduction in sperm concentration, total sperm number and total motile sperm count, respectively. Overweight was significantly associated with a 4.2% (1.6%, 6.8%), 3.9% (0.9%, 6.9%) and 3.6% (0.2%, 6.9%) reduction in semen volume, total sperm number and total motile sperm count, respectively. Non-linear models including continuous BMI as a natural cubic spline function yielded similar results. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Our study subjects were sperm donors who are typically young and healthy, and therefore not representative of the general male population. Caution should be paid in generalizing our results to other populations. Furthermore, we did not measure the donors' weight repeatedly along with each semen donation; instead, we only measured it once during the screening, which may cause bias due to the variations of weight across time. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our study provides evidence that underweight and overweight are associated with lower semen quality, and highlights the importance of maintaining a normal weight for men. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the Health and Family Planning Commission of Hubei Province (Grant number WJ2015MA027), the Hubei Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League of China, and Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research at the University of Iowa. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Li Wu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chengliang Xiong
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhe Peng
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Tianqing Meng
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yuewei Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Amjad S, Baig M, Zahid N, Tariq S, Rehman R. Association between leptin, obesity, hormonal interplay and male infertility. Andrologia 2018; 51:e13147. [PMID: 30255520 DOI: 10.1111/and.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a major health problem worldwide. We investigated a possible association between leptin, obesity, hormonal interplay and male infertility. This cross-sectional study of 313 males (178 infertile and 135 fertile) was carried out in 2017. The subjects were categorised by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%) into normal weight, overweight and obese. Significantly higher levels of BMI and BF% (p-value < 0.001) and lower levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, and SHBG (p-value < 0.001) were found in infertile males. However, no significant difference was observed in leptin levels (p-value = 0.35). Leptin levels were significantly higher, and all the sex hormones were significantly lower (p-value < 0.001) in obese subjects, whereas according to BF% only leptin, FSH and SHBG were significantly different. Leptin showed a significant positive correlation with BMI and BF% (p < 0.001). A strong positive link to serum testosterone was found with age, FSH, and LH (p < 0.001) and a negative one with BMI and BF% (p < 0.001). In mutivariable anlaysis, after adjusting for the other covariates, a significant association between FSH and testosterone (p-value <0.001) was found. Serum leptin levels did not differ significantly in fertile and infertile groups, and no association was found with infertility. Furthermore, male obesity was found to be associated with infertility with the decrease in levels of sex hormones.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Amjad
- Department of Physiology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nida Zahid
- Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sundus Tariq
- Department of Physiology, University Medical and Dental College, the University of Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Navya H, Yajurvedi HN. Obesity causes weight increases in prepubertal and pubertal male offspring and is related to changes in spermatogenesis and sperm production in rats. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:815-823. [PMID: 26876883 DOI: 10.1071/rd15480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of obesity on testicular activity in prepubertal and pubertal rats was investigated in the present study. Obesity was induced in adult females by feeding a high-calorie diet (HCD). These females were mated with normal males and were fed an HCD during pregnancy and lactation. The male offspring born to obese mothers and fed an HCD after weaning were found to be obese. Seminiferous tubules of offspring from control mothers (OCM) and offspring from HCD-fed mothers (OHCDM) had the same set of germ cells at different age intervals, namely spermatogonia, leptotene spermatocytes, zygotene spermatocytes, pachytene spermatocytes and round and elongated spermatids on postnatal days (PND) 7, 13, 17, 24 and 36, and on the day of preputial separation, respectively. However, there was a significant decrease in round and elongated spermatids and the epididymal sperm count, coupled with a significant decrease in testosterone and an increase in leptin serum concentrations in OHCDM compared with OCM. These results show that obesity in prepubertal rats does not affect the age-dependent appearance of germ cells according to developmental hierarchy, but it does interfere with spermatid formation, resulting in a reduced sperm count, which may be due to a deficiency of testosterone mediated by hyperleptinaemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harish Navya
- Department of Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Levine H, Jørgensen N, Martino-Andrade A, Mendiola J, Weksler-Derri D, Mindlis I, Pinotti R, Swan SH. Temporal trends in sperm count: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 23:646-659. [PMID: 28981654 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmx022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 738] [Impact Index Per Article: 123.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reported declines in sperm counts remain controversial today and recent trends are unknown. A definitive meta-analysis is critical given the predictive value of sperm count for fertility, morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE To provide a systematic review and meta-regression analysis of recent trends in sperm counts as measured by sperm concentration (SC) and total sperm count (TSC), and their modification by fertility and geographic group. SEARCH METHODS PubMed/MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for English language studies of human SC published in 1981-2013. Following a predefined protocol 7518 abstracts were screened and 2510 full articles reporting primary data on SC were reviewed. A total of 244 estimates of SC and TSC from 185 studies of 42 935 men who provided semen samples in 1973-2011 were extracted for meta-regression analysis, as well as information on years of sample collection and covariates [fertility group ('Unselected by fertility' versus 'Fertile'), geographic group ('Western', including North America, Europe Australia and New Zealand versus 'Other', including South America, Asia and Africa), age, ejaculation abstinence time, semen collection method, method of measuring SC and semen volume, exclusion criteria and indicators of completeness of covariate data]. The slopes of SC and TSC were estimated as functions of sample collection year using both simple linear regression and weighted meta-regression models and the latter were adjusted for pre-determined covariates and modification by fertility and geographic group. Assumptions were examined using multiple sensitivity analyses and nonlinear models. OUTCOMES SC declined significantly between 1973 and 2011 (slope in unadjusted simple regression models -0.70 million/ml/year; 95% CI: -0.72 to -0.69; P < 0.001; slope in adjusted meta-regression models = -0.64; -1.06 to -0.22; P = 0.003). The slopes in the meta-regression model were modified by fertility (P for interaction = 0.064) and geographic group (P for interaction = 0.027). There was a significant decline in SC between 1973 and 2011 among Unselected Western (-1.38; -2.02 to -0.74; P < 0.001) and among Fertile Western (-0.68; -1.31 to -0.05; P = 0.033), while no significant trends were seen among Unselected Other and Fertile Other. Among Unselected Western studies, the mean SC declined, on average, 1.4% per year with an overall decline of 52.4% between 1973 and 2011. Trends for TSC and SC were similar, with a steep decline among Unselected Western (-5.33 million/year, -7.56 to -3.11; P < 0.001), corresponding to an average decline in mean TSC of 1.6% per year and overall decline of 59.3%. Results changed minimally in multiple sensitivity analyses, and there was no statistical support for the use of a nonlinear model. In a model restricted to data post-1995, the slope both for SC and TSC among Unselected Western was similar to that for the entire period (-2.06 million/ml, -3.38 to -0.74; P = 0.004 and -8.12 million, -13.73 to -2.51, P = 0.006, respectively). WIDER IMPLICATIONS This comprehensive meta-regression analysis reports a significant decline in sperm counts (as measured by SC and TSC) between 1973 and 2011, driven by a 50-60% decline among men unselected by fertility from North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand. Because of the significant public health implications of these results, research on the causes of this continuing decline is urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah-Hebrew University, the Hebrew University Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, Ein Kerem Campus, PO BOX 12272, Jerusalem 9110202, Israel.,Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Niels Jørgensen
- University Department of Growth and Reproduction, University of Copenhagen, Rigshospitalet, CopenhagenDK-2100, Denmark
| | - Anderson Martino-Andrade
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.,Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Jaime Mendiola
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Murcia School of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU), Murcia30100, Spain
| | - Dan Weksler-Derri
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva6676814, Israel
| | - Irina Mindlis
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| | - Rachel Pinotti
- Gustave L. and Janet W. Levy Library, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| | - Shanna H Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hart RJ, Frederiksen H, Doherty DA, Keelan JA, Skakkebaek NE, Minaee NS, McLachlan R, Newnham JP, Dickinson JE, Pennell CE, Norman RJ, Main KM. The Possible Impact of Antenatal Exposure to Ubiquitous Phthalates Upon Male Reproductive Function at 20 Years of Age. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:288. [PMID: 29922230 PMCID: PMC5996240 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals suspected to interfere with developmental androgen action leading to adverse effects on male reproductive function. Prenatal exposure studies in rodents show cryptorchidism, hypospadias and reduced testicular volume (TV), testosterone and anogenital distance in males. It is postulated that there is a developmental window in utero when phthalate exposure has the most potent adverse effects. Some human studies show associations between prenatal phthalate exposure and reduced calculated "free" serum testosterone in infant boys and shorter anogenital distance. However, there are no data available yet which link antenatal exposure to long-term effects in men. We aimed to correlate antenatal phthalate exposure with adult TV, semen parameters and serum reproductive hormone concentrations. 913 men from the Western Australian (Raine) Pregnancy Cohort were contacted aged 20-22 years. 423 (56%) agreed to participate; 404 underwent testicular ultrasound examination; 365 provided semen samples, and reproductive hormones were measured in 384. Maternal antenatal serum phthalate metabolite measurements were available for 185 and 111 men, who provided serum and semen, respectively. Maternal serum collected at 18 and 34 weeks gestation, stored at -80°C, was pooled and analyzed for 32 phthalate metabolites by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. TV was calculated, semen analysis performed by WHO approved methods, and serum concentrations of gonadotrophins, inhibin B, and testosterone measured. Eleven phthalate metabolites were detected. Primary and secondary metabolites of di-(2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DiNP) were positively correlated. After correction for adult height, BMI, presence of a varicocele and exposure to maternal smoking mono-iso-nonyl phthalate (MiNP) (r = -0.22) and sums of DEHP and DiNP metabolites (r = -0.24) and the sum of the metabolites of the high molecular weight phthalates (r = -0.21) were negatively correlated with TV (all p < 0.05). After adjustment for BMI adult serum total testosterone was positively associated with exposure to the following antenatal serum phthalate metabolites: mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (r = 0.26), MiNP (r = 0.18), the sum of metabolites for DEHP (r = 0.21) and DiNP (r = 0.18), and the sum of high molecular phthalates (r = 0.20) (p = 0.0005 to p = 0.02). Given sample size, storage duration and confounding through postnatal exposures, further studies are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger J. Hart
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Fertility Specialists of Western Australia, Bethesda Hospital, Claremont, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Roger J. Hart,
| | - Hanne Frederiksen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Dorota A. Doherty
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A. Keelan
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Niels E. Skakkebaek
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Noviani S. Minaee
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert McLachlan
- Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - John P. Newnham
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jan E. Dickinson
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Craig E. Pennell
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Women and Infants Research Foundation, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Robert J. Norman
- Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Katharina M. Main
- Department of Growth and Reproduction and EDMaRC, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ehala-Aleksejev K, Punab M. Relationships between total testicular volume, reproductive parameters and surrogate measures of adiposity in men presenting for couple's infertility. Andrologia 2017; 50:e12952. [PMID: 29282765 DOI: 10.1111/and.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the relationships between total testicular volume (TTV), reproductive parameters and adiposity measures: body mass index, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio. Semen analysis was performed, and reproductive hormone levels were measured in 2,672 male patients (mean age 32.6) due to couple's infertility. Significant, positive correlations between semen parameters and the TTV were found. Gonadotrophins were negatively related to the TTV, and testosterone was not related to the TTV. Three anthropometric parameters were negatively correlated to the total sperm count, and sperm concentration seen in men with a TTV of ≤46 ml. In the case of a TTV >46 ml, only the semen volume was inversely correlated with WC and WHtR. These changes occurred from a WHtR ≥0.56, WC ≥102 cm and BMI ≥29 and were more pronounced between WHtR and the TTV. Adiposity was associated with a significant testosterone level decline but did not have a major impact on the gonadotrophin levels. This study shows the divergent results in sperm parameters in different TTV groups in the presence of central adiposity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Punab
- Andrology Unit, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Meydanli EG, Gumusel A, Ozkan S, Tanriverdi G, Balci MBC, Develi Is S, Hazar AI, Uysal M, Bekpinar S. Effects of resveratrol on high-fructose-induced testis injury in rats. Ultrastruct Pathol 2017; 42:65-73. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2017.1397075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Guzel Meydanli
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asli Gumusel
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serbay Ozkan
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Tanriverdi
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M. B. Can Balci
- Department of Urology, G.O.P Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seval Develi Is
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A. Ismet Hazar
- Department of Urology, G.O.P Taksim Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mujdat Uysal
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seldag Bekpinar
- Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Engin-Ustun Y, Yılmaz N, Akgun N, Aktulay A, Tuzluoğlu AD, Bakırarar B. Body Mass Index Effects Kruger's Criteria in Infertile Men. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FERTILITY & STERILITY 2017; 11:258-262. [PMID: 29043700 PMCID: PMC5641456 DOI: 10.22074/ijfs.2018.4888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between sperm parameters and body mass index
(BMI) in the male spouses with infertility complaints, who had reffered to our clinic. Materials and Methods The male spouses from 159 couples reffering to our clinic because of infertility, during a
six-month period, were included in the study. In this prospective case control study, the included men were catego-
rized as non-obese (BMI<25 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25-29 kg/m2) and obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) according to their
BMIs. The assessed sperm parameters consisted of; sperm concentration, Kruger morphology, progressive motility
level, and volume pH levels. The statistical significant level was set as less than 0.05 . Results The assessed group consisted of 159 patients applying to our clinic with infertility symptoms. Fifty-three
non-obese, 53 overweight and 53 obese men were eligible for the study. There was statistically significant differences
in sperm volume (P<0.001), progressive motility (P<0.001), postwash sperm count (P<0.001) and Kruger (P<0.001)
morphology among the patient groups grouping according to the BMI levels. Conclusion In this study, increased BMI was associated with decreased semen quality, affecting volume, concentra-
tion, and motility. further studies with a wider range of prospective cases need to be conducted in order to investigate
the effects on male fertility in more detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaprak Engin-Ustun
- Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nafiye Yılmaz
- Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nilufer Akgun
- Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ayla Aktulay
- Zekai Tahir Burak Education and Research Hospital, Reproductive Endocrinology Unit, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Batuhan Bakırarar
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Affiliation(s)
- Jose G Franco
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.,Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Oliveira JBA, Petersen CG, Mauri AL, Vagnini LD, Renzi A, Petersen B, Mattila M, Dieamant F, Baruffi RLR, Franco JG. Association between body mass index and sperm quality and sperm DNA integrity. A large population study. Andrologia 2017; 50. [DOI: 10.1111/and.12889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. B. A. Oliveira
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - C. G. Petersen
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - A. L. Mauri
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - L. D. Vagnini
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - A. Renzi
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - B. Petersen
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - M. Mattila
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - F. Dieamant
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - R. L. R. Baruffi
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| | - J. G. Franco
- Center for Human Reproduction Prof. Franco Jr; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
- Paulista Center for Diagnosis Research and Training; Ribeirão Preto SP Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Luque EM, Tissera A, Gaggino MP, Molina RI, Mangeaud A, Vincenti LM, Beltramone F, Larcher JS, Estofán D, Fiol de Cuneo M, Martini AC. Body mass index and human sperm quality: neither one extreme nor the other. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:731-739. [DOI: 10.1071/rd15351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the still contentious association between body mass index (BMI) and seminal quality. To this end, 4860 male patients (aged 18–65 years; non-smokers and non-drinkers), were classified according to BMI as either underweight (UW; BMI <20 kg m–2; n = 45), normal weight (NW; BMI 20–24.9 kg m–2; n = 1330), overweight (OW; BMI 25–29.9 kg m–2; n = 2493), obese (OB; BMI 30–39.9 kg m–2; n = 926) or morbidly obese (MOB; BMI ≥40 kg m–2; n = 57). Conventional semen parameters and seminal concentrations of fructose, citric acid and neutral α-glucosidase (NAG) were evaluated. The four parameters that reflect epididymal maturation were significantly lower in the UW and MOB groups compared with NW, OW and OB groups: sperm concentration, total sperm count (103.3 ± 11.4 and 121.5 ± 20.6 and vs 157.9 ± 3.6, 152.4 ± 2.7 or 142.1 ± 4.3 spermatozoa ejaculate–1 respectively, P < 0.05), motility (41.8 ± 2.5 and 42.6 ± 2.6 vs 47.8 ± 0.5, 48.0 ± 0.4 or 46.3 ± 0.6 % of motile spermatozoa respectively, P < 0.05) and NAG (45.2 ± 6.6 and 60.1 ± 7.9 vs 71.5 ± 1.9, 64.7 ± 1.3 or 63.1 ± 2.1 mU ejaculate-1 respectively, P < 0.05). Moreover, the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa was decreased in the MOB group compared with the UW, NW, OW and OB groups (4.8 ± 0.6% vs 6.0 ± 0.8%, 6.9 ± 0.1%, 6.8 ± 0.1 and 6.4 ± 0.2%, respectively; P < 0.05). In addition, men in the MOB group had an increased risk (2.3- to 4.9-fold greater) of suffering oligospermia and teratospermia (P < 0.05). Both morbid obesity and being underweight have a negative effect on sperm quality, particularly epididymal maturation. These results show the importance of an adequate or normal bodyweight as the natural best option for fertility, with both extremes of the BMI scale as negative prognostic factors.
Collapse
|
36
|
Does being overweight affect seminal variables in fertile men? Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 33:703-708. [PMID: 27697451 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2016.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 08/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of being overweight on seminal variables was assesed in 165 fertile men. Participants were divided into three groups: fertile men with normal body mass index (BMI) (18.5-24.9 kg/m2), fertile overweight men (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and fertile obese men (BMI >30 kg/m2). Medical history was taken, a clinical examination conducted. Semen analysis was undertaken and BMI measured. Seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) was estimated by chemiluminescent assay, sperm vitality by the hypo-osmotic swelling test and sperm DNA fragmentation by propidium iodide staining with flowcytometry. Fertile obese men had significantly lower sperm concentration, progressive sperm motility and sperm normal morphology, with significantly higher seminal ROS and sperm DNA fragmentation compared with fertile normal-weight men and overweight men (all P < 0.05). BMI was negatively correlated with sperm concentration (r = -0.091; P = 0.014), progressive sperm motility (r = -0.697; P = 0.001), normal sperm morphology (r = -0.510; P = 0.001), sperm vitality (r = -0.586; P = 0.001), but positively correlated with sperm DNA fragmentation percentage (r = 0.799; P = 0.001) and seminal ROS (r = 0.673; P = 0.001). Increased BMI was found to affect semen parameters negatively even in fertile men.
Collapse
|
37
|
Sengupta P, Dutta S, Krajewska-Kulak E. The Disappearing Sperms: Analysis of Reports Published Between 1980 and 2015. Am J Mens Health 2016; 11:1279-1304. [PMID: 27099345 DOI: 10.1177/1557988316643383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reports regarding the changes in sperm concentration in different counties of the world are inconsistent. Furthermore, the reports that sprung up from specific epidemiological and experimental examinations did not include data of prior studies or geographical variations. The current study, following a previous report of massive fall in semen volume over the past 33 years, attempts to delineate the trend of altering sperm concentrations and factors responsible for this by reviewing article published from 1980 to July 2015 with geographic differences. The current study identified an overall 57% diminution in mean sperm concentration over the past 35 years ( r = -.313, p = .0002), which, when analyzed for each geographical region, identified a significant decline in North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. An increasing trend of sperm concentration was identified only in Australia. The association of male age with such a trend ( R2 = .979) is reported. The authors also correlated male fertility with sperm concentration. Thus, this comprehensive, evidence-based literature review aims to concisely and systematically present the available data on sperm concentration from 1980 to 2015, as well as to statistically analyze the same and correlate male health with the declining pattern of sperm count in a single scientific review to serve the scientific research zone related to reproductive health. It points to the threat of male infertility in times ahead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- 2 Ex-guest Teacher, Serampore College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Martino-Andrade AJ, Liu F, Sathyanarayana S, Barrett ES, Redmon JB, Nguyen RHN, Levine H, Swan SH. Timing of prenatal phthalate exposure in relation to genital endpoints in male newborns. Andrology 2016; 4:585-93. [PMID: 27062102 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies report that penile size and male anogenital distance (AGD), sensitive markers of androgen action in utero, may be shortened by prenatal exposure to certain phthalates, including diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), but no human study has investigated the importance of exposure timing in these associations. The aim of this study was to examine the significance of exposure timing on the action of prenatal phthalates in particular DEHP, on male infant penile size and AGD. In The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES) we measured penile width (PW) as well as anoscrotal distance (AGDAS ) and anopenile distance (AGPAP ) in newborn males. We modeled these endpoints in relation to phthalate metabolite concentrations in maternal urine samples collected in each trimester (T1, T2, and T3) in a subset of TIDES mothers (N = 168). PW was inversely associated with T2 oxidized DEHP metabolites, mono-2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl (MEOHP, β=-0.48; 95% confidence interval, -0.93, -0.02), MEHHP (-0.48; -0.92, -0.05), mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl (MECPP, -0.51; -1.01, -0.004), although no appreciable associations were seen between PW and T1 and T3 DEHP metabolite concentrations in this subset. Concentrations of DEHP metabolites in T1 urine samples were inversely related to male AGD. For example, in T1 samples in this subset of women mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl (MEHHP) was inversely associated with male AGDAP (β = -1.73; 95% confidence interval, -3.45, 0.0004). However, no appreciable associations were seen between AGD measures and any DEHP metabolite in T2 and T3 samples. These data suggest that DEHP exposure is inversely associated with AGD and PW, with PW primarily associated with T2 exposure and AGD associations seen only for T1 exposure, but no associations were found between T3 DEHP metabolites and any of these genital endpoints. These findings are consistent with data on critical windows in rodent studies, supporting the biological plausibility of these associations in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Martino-Andrade
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Physiology, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - F Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - S Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - E S Barrett
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - J B Redmon
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - R H N Nguyen
- Department of Epidemiology & Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - H Levine
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.,Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah and the Hebrew University Center of Excellence in Agriculture and Environmental Health, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S H Swan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in reproductive-aged men is increasing worldwide, with >70% of men >18 years classified as overweight or obese in some western nations. Male obesity is associated with male subfertility, impairing sex hormones, reducing sperm counts, increasing oxidative sperm DNA damage and changing the epigenetic status of sperm. These changes to sperm function as a result of obesity, are further associated with impaired embryo development, reduced live birth rates and increased miscarriage rates in humans. Animal models have suggested that these adverse reproductive effects can be transmitted to the offspring; suggesting that men's health at conception may affect the health of their children. In addition to higher adiposity, male obesity is associated with comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, hypercholesterolemia, hyperleptinemia and a pro-inflammatory state, all which have independently been linked with male subfertility. Taken together, these findings suggest that the effects of male obesity on fertility are likely multifactorial, with associated comorbidities also influencing sperm, pregnancy and subsequent child health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole O McPherson
- Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The Robinson Institute, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Freemasons Foundation Center for Mens Health, The University of Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia,
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The purpose of this ASRM Practice Committee report is to provide clinicians with principles and strategies for the evaluation and treatment of couples with infertility associated with obesity. This revised document replaces the Practice Committee document titled, "Obesity and reproduction: an educational bulletin," last published in 2008 (Fertil Steril 2008;90:S21-9).
Collapse
|
41
|
Sengupta P. Reviewing reports of semen volume and male aging of last 33 years: From 1980 through 2013. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
42
|
Zhang E, Xu F, Liang H, Yan J, Xu H, Li Z, Wen X, Weng J. GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Exenatide Attenuates the Detrimental Effects of Obesity on Inflammatory Profile in Testis and Sperm Quality in Mice. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 74:457-66. [PMID: 26287267 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Male obesity has been linked to subfecundity. This study is to investigate the effects of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist exenatide on sperm quality in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. METHOD OF STUDY After 12 weeks of chow diet (CD) or HFD challenge, mice on HFD were allocated to either saline or exenatide (24 nmol/kg/day) interventions for 8 weeks. Sperm quality and the inflammatory profile of testis were compared among three groups. RESULTS Obesity reduced the quality of sperm and changed the inflammatory profile characterized by increased mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, MCP-1, and F4/80 in testis. Exenatide intervention reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and improved the quality of sperm. CONCLUSION HFD-induced obesity leads to the impairment of sperm quality and increased inflammation of testis in mice, and the abnormal physiology can be attenuated by exenatide treatment. Exenatide treatment may bring additional profits to obese and diabetes men by improving sperm function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erhong Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Yan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haixia Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingqiao Wen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianping Weng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Rosenblatt A, Faintuch J, Cecconello I. Abnormalities of Reproductive Function in Male Obesity Before and After Bariatric Surgery—A Comprehensive Review. Obes Surg 2015; 25:1281-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s11695-015-1663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
44
|
Rodríguez-De Lara R, Fallas-López M, García-Muñiz JG, Martínez-Hernández PA, Rangel-Santos R, Maldonado-Siman E, Cadena-Meneses JA. Sexual behavior and seminal characteristics of fertile mature New Zealand White male rabbits of different body weights. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 152:90-8. [PMID: 25482591 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Body weight in different mammalian species influences reproductive potential. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of body weight at the time of semen collection with libido, seminal characteristics and number of semen doses for artificial insemination (AI) in New Zealand White mature fertile male rabbits. Data came from 728 semen collections of 14 rabbits, 15-months of age that were sexually experienced with proven semen quality and fertility. Semen collection was performed twice a week with two ejaculates at each collection time and lasted 14 weeks. A second ejaculation was collected at 1-2h after the first. Data from each male from first and second ejaculates from 1 day of semen collection throughout the trial were averaged (n=324) and partial correlation coefficients and regression equations were estimated to describe the relationship of male body weight to ejaculation reaction time and 12 semen and sperm characteristics. As body weight increased there was a linear (P<0.05) increase in reaction time, abnormal sperm with an intact membrane and abnormal sperm with a damaged membrane and a linear (P<0.05) decrease in semen volume, sperm concentration per ejaculate, normal sperm with an intact membrane, number of normal motile sperm with an intact membrane and suitable semen doses for AI. Body weight of the mature male rabbit at semen collection had some influence on libido, semen and sperm characteristics, with a general trend toward a lesser reproduction potential as body weight increases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez-De Lara
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico; Centro de Investigación Científica del Estado de Mexico A.C., Coatlinchan, Edo. de Mexico C.P. 56250, Mexico
| | - M Fallas-López
- Centro de Investigación Científica del Estado de Mexico A.C., Coatlinchan, Edo. de Mexico C.P. 56250, Mexico
| | - J G García-Muñiz
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico
| | - P A Martínez-Hernández
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico.
| | - R Rangel-Santos
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico
| | - E Maldonado-Siman
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico
| | - J A Cadena-Meneses
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Chapingo, Mexico C.P. 56230, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Liu Y, Guo Y, Song N, Fan Y, Li K, Teng X, Guo Q, Ding Z. Proteomic pattern changes associated with obesity-induced asthenozoospermia. Andrology 2014; 3:247-59. [PMID: 25293813 DOI: 10.1111/andr.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, an increasingly frequent societal disease can also be accompanied by declines in spermatozoa quality and male subfecundity. To determine if there are obesity-associated proteomic changes potentially affecting sperm quality and motility, differential proteomic analysis was performed on spermatozoa from both obesity-associated asthenozoospermia and clinically healthy individuals, using a label-free quantitative LC-MS/MS approach. We resolved 1975 proteins in the human sperm proteome, amongst which, 105 proteins were less abundant, whereas 22 other proteins increased in obesity-associated asthenozoospermia. Functional category analyses indicated that the differentially expressed proteins are mainly related to cytoskeletal regulation, vesicle biogenesis, metabolism, and protein degradation involved in spermiogenesis and sperm motility. Furthermore, declines in endoplasmic reticulum protein 57 (ERp57) and actin-binding-related protein T2 (ACTRT2) expression were verified by immunofluorescence, Western blot, and flow cytometry analyses. It is evident that ERp57 is localized in the acrosome region, neck and principal piece of human spermatozoa, whereas ACTRT2 is localized in the post-acrosomal region and middle piece. Thus, these differences in protein expression in asthenozoospermia may contribute to the underlying sperm quality defects afflicting these individuals. Notably, declines in ERp57 and ACTRT2 expression in obesity-associated asthenozoospermia may play critical roles in reducing sperm motility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Liu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ethers and male reproductive function in Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. Reprod Toxicol 2014; 43:1-7. [PMID: 24513925 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2013.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2013] [Revised: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Animal and a few human studies suggest that polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) may affect male reproductive function. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if male reproductive function was associated with serum level of PBDEs. We evaluated, in a cross-sectional study, the effects of environmental exposure to BDE-47 and BDE-153 on reproductive hormones and semen quality, including markers of DNA damage and apoptosis, in 299 spouses of pregnant women from Greenland, Poland and Ukraine. Adjusted linear regression models indicated no strong associations between BDE-47 or BDE-153 exposure and markers of male semen quality or reproductive hormones. In the largest study to date we demonstrate that BDE-47 and BDE-153 exposure was not associated with altered semen characteristics or reproductive hormones, indicating that male reproductive function is not affected by the exposure level of these compounds in fertile European or Arctic populations.
Collapse
|
47
|
Esteves SC. Clinical relevance of routine semen analysis and controversies surrounding the 2010 World Health Organization criteria for semen examination. Int Braz J Urol 2014; 40:443-53. [DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2014.04.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
|
48
|
Gutorova NV, Kleshchyov MA, Tipisova EV, Osadchuk LV. Effects of Overweight and Obesity on the Spermogram Values and Levels of Reproductive Hormones in the Male Population of the European North of Russia. Bull Exp Biol Med 2014; 157:95-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-014-2500-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
49
|
Zhang E, Zhang H, Zang Z, Chen J, Zhang B. Association of Body Mass Index with Semen Quality and Sexual Hormone Levels among Men in Intrauterine Insemination. Health (London) 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2014.614218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
50
|
Ismail A, Nasr A. Semen analysis: Indispensable, yet non-ideal. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mefs.2013.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|