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Finkelstein T, Zhang Y, Vollenhoven B, Rolnik DL, Horta F. Successful pregnancy rates amongst patients undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation for non-malignant indications: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 292:30-39. [PMID: 37952490 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is a fertility preservation method that has been clinically applied for almost 30 years. Studies specifically evaluating patients presenting with non-malignant indications for OTC and their subsequent pregnancy rates are limited. OBJECTIVE To summarise the evidence on the rates of successful pregnancy amongst women who have undergone OTC for non-malignant indications. METHODS A systematic review with meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration CRD42022307925) was conducted to investigate the pregnancy outcomes of patients who have undergone ovarian tissue cryopreservation for non-malignant indications. Articles published in EMBASE and Ovid MEDLINE before October 2022 were screened for inclusion based on the following criteria: original human studies pertaining to OTC with a defined non-malignant cohort and pregnancy outcomes. The successful pregnancy rates were pooled with a random-effects model of double-arcsine transformed proportions. Sensitivity analysis involved pooling the results of studies with a low risk of bias after being assessed with NIH tools. RESULTS The database search retrieved 3,225 results, of which 16 were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled successful pregnancy rate was 23.52 % (16 studies, 95 % CI 6.48 to 44.79 %). When subgroup analysis of study types was performed, the successful pregnancy rate was higher amongst case series (47.02 %, 9 studies, 95 % CI 6.98 to 89.00 %) than cohort studies (14.64 %, 7 studies, 95 % CI 3.59 to 29.78 %). Sensitivity analysis limited to studies at low risk of bias revealed a similar pooled successful pregnancy rate of 23.35 % (12 studies, 95 % CI 2.50 to 51.96 %). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one quarter of women who underwent OTC for non-malignant indications had a successful pregnancy. These findings are clinically important for fertility preservation counselling by providing greater evidence for more informed care.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Finkelstein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - B Vollenhoven
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Women's and Newborn, Monash Health, Australia; Monash IVF Melbourne, Australia
| | - D L Rolnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Women's and Newborn, Monash Health, Australia
| | - F Horta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; Monash Data Future Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia; City Fertility, Australia
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2
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Xie B, Li J, Huang Y, Hang F, Hu Q, Yu J, Qin A. Assessing the impact of transplant site on ovarian tissue transplantation: a single-arm meta-analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2023; 21:120. [PMID: 38087312 PMCID: PMC10714583 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival rates of young women undergoing cancer treatment have substantially improved, with a focus on post-treatment quality of life. Ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) is a viable option to preserve fertility; however, there is no consensus on the optimal transplantation site. Most studies on OTT are nonrandomized controlled trials with limited sample sizes and uncontrolled statistical analyses, leaving the question of which transplant site yields the highest chance of achieving a live birth unanswered. OBJECTIVE This meta-analysis aimed to assess the effect of different ovarian transplant sites on postoperative reproductive outcomes. METHODS We adhered to the PRISMA Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. Systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from inception to September 17, 2023. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) women who underwent OTT with a desire for future childbirth, and (2) reports of specific transplant sites and corresponding pregnancy outcomes. The exclusion criteria included the inability to isolate or extract relevant outcome data, case reports, non-original or duplicate data, and articles not written in English. RESULTS Twelve studies (201 women) were included in the meta-analysis of cumulative live birth rates (CLBR) after OTT. The CLBR, which encompasses both spontaneous pregnancies and those achieved through assisted reproductive technology (ART) following OTT to the ovarian site, was 21% (95% CI: 6-40, I2: 52.81%, random effect). For transplantation to the pelvic site, the live birth rate was 30% (95% CI: 20-40, I2: 0.00%, fixed effect). Combining transplantation to both the pelvic and ovarian sites resulted in a live birth rate of 23% (95% CI: 11-36, I2: 0.00%, fixed effect). Notably, heterotopic OTT yielded a live birth rate of 3% (95% CI: 0-17, I2: 0.00%, fixed effect). CONCLUSION Pregnancy outcomes were not significantly different after orthotopic ovarian transplantation, and pregnancy and live birth rates after orthotopic OTT were significantly higher than those after ectopic transplantation. REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202390008.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Xie
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiaxu Li
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yingqin Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Guangxi, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Fu Hang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qianwen Hu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Jiaxin Yu
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Aiping Qin
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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3
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Najafi A, Asadi E, Benson JD. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation: a review on reactive oxygen species generation and antioxidant therapy. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 393:401-423. [PMID: 37328708 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. Fortunately, the survival rate of cancer continues to rise, owing to advances in cancer treatments. However, these treatments are gonadotoxic and cause infertility. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation (OTCT) is the most flexible option to preserve fertility in women and children with cancer. However, OTCT is associated with significant follicle loss and an accompanying short lifespan of the grafts. There has been a decade of research in cryopreservation-induced oxidative stress in single cells with significant successes in mitigating this major source of loss of viability. However, despite its success elsewhere and beyond a few promising experiments, little attention has been paid to this key aspect of OTCT-induced damage. As more and more clinical practices adopt OTCT for fertility preservation, it is a critical time to review oxidative stress as a cause of damage and to outline potential ameliorative interventions. Here we give an overview of the application of OTCT for female fertility preservation and existing challenges; clarify the potential contribution of oxidative stress in ovarian follicle loss; and highlight potential ability of antioxidant treatments to mitigate the OTCT-induced injuries that might be of interest to cryobiologists and reproductive clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Najafi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Ebrahim Asadi
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - James D Benson
- Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, S7N 5E2, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
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4
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Kasaven LS, Saso S, Getreu N, O'Neill H, Bracewell-Milnes T, Shakir F, Yazbek J, Thum MY, Nicopoullos J, Ben Nagi J, Hardiman P, Diaz-Garcia C, Jones BP. Age-related fertility decline: is there a role for elective ovarian tissue cryopreservation? Hum Reprod 2022; 37:1970-1979. [PMID: 35734904 PMCID: PMC9433842 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deac144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related fertility decline (ARFD) is a prevalent concern amongst western cultures due to the increasing age of first-time motherhood. Elective oocyte and embryo cryopreservation remain the most established methods of fertility preservation, providing women the opportunity of reproductive autonomy to preserve their fertility and extend their childbearing years to prevent involuntary childlessness. Whilst ovarian cortex cryopreservation has been used to preserve reproductive potential in women for medical reasons, such as in pre- or peripubertal girls undergoing gonadotoxic chemotherapy, it has not yet been considered in the context of ARFD. As artificial reproductive technology (ART) and surgical methods of fertility preservation continue to evolve, it is a judicious time to review current evidence and consider alternative options for women wishing to delay their fertility. This article critically appraises elective oocyte cryopreservation as an option for women who use it to mitigate the risk of ARFD and introduces the prospect of elective ovarian cortex cryopreservation as an alternative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorraine S Kasaven
- West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK.,Cutrale Perioperative and Ageing Group, Sir Michael Uren Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Srdjan Saso
- West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Natalie Getreu
- Translational Ovarian Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Helen O'Neill
- Genome Editing and Reproductive Genetics Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Fevzi Shakir
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joseph Yazbek
- West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Meen-Yau Thum
- Lister Fertility Clinic, The Lister Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Jara Ben Nagi
- Centre for Reproductive and Genetic Health, London, UK
| | | | - Cesar Diaz-Garcia
- IVI London, IVIRMA Global, London, UK.,EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Benjamin P Jones
- West London Gynaecological Cancer Centre, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College NHS Trust, London, UK.,Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
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5
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Khattak H, Malhas R, Craciunas L, Afifi Y, Amorim CA, Fishel S, Silber S, Gook D, Demeestere I, Bystrova O, Lisyanskaya A, Manikhas G, Lotz L, Dittrich R, Colmorn LB, Macklon KT, Hjorth IMD, Kristensen SG, Gallos I, Coomarasamy A. Fresh and cryopreserved ovarian tissue transplantation for preserving reproductive and endocrine function: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28:400-416. [PMID: 35199164 PMCID: PMC9733829 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian tissue cryopreservation involves freezing and storing of surgically retrieved ovarian tissue in liquid or vapour nitrogen below -190°C. The tissue can be thawed and transplanted back with the aim of restoring fertility or ovarian endocrine function. The techniques for human ovarian tissue freezing and transplantation have evolved over the last 20 years, particularly in the context of fertility preservation in pre-pubertal cancer patients. Fresh ovarian tissue transplantation, using an autograft or donor tissue, is a more recent development; it has the potential to preserve fertility and hormonal function in women who have their ovaries removed for benign gynaecological conditions. The techniques of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation have progressed rapidly since inception; however, the evidence on the success of this intervention is largely based on case reports and case series. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this study was to systematically review the current evidence by incorporating study-level and individual patient-level meta-analyses of women who received ovarian transplants, including frozen-thawed transplant, fresh or donor graft. SEARCH METHODS The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018115233). A comprehensive literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from database inception to October 2020. Authors were also contacted for individual patient data if relevant outcomes were not reported in the published manuscripts. Meta-analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighting to calculate summary estimates using a fixed-effects model. OUTCOMES The review included 87 studies (735 women). Twenty studies reported on ≥5 cases of ovarian transplants and were included in the meta-analysis (568 women). Fertility outcomes included pregnancy, live birth and miscarriage rates, and endocrine outcomes included oestrogen, FSH and LH levels. The pooled rates were 37% (95% CI: 32-43%) for pregnancy, 28% (95% CI: 24-34%) for live birth and 37% (95% CI: 30-46%) for miscarriage following frozen ovarian tissue transplantation. Pooled mean for pre-transplant oestrogen was 101.6 pmol/l (95% CI: 47.9-155.3), which increased post-transplant to 522.4 pmol/l (95% CI: 315.4-729; mean difference: 228.24; 95% CI: 180.5-276). Pooled mean of pre-transplant FSH was 66.4 IU/l (95% CI: 52.8-84), which decreased post-transplant to 14.1 IU/l (95% CI: 10.9-17.3; mean difference 61.8; 95% CI: 57-66.6). The median time to return of FSH to a value <25 IU/l was 19 weeks (interquartile range: 15-26 weeks; range: 0.4-208 weeks). The median duration of graft function was 2.5 years (interquartile range: 1.4-3.4 years; range: 0.7-5 years). The analysis demonstrated that ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation could restore reproductive and hormonal functions in women. Further studies with larger samples of well-characterized populations are required to define the optimal retrieval, cryopreservation and transplantation processes. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation may not only be effective in restoring fertility but also the return of reproductive endocrine function. Although this technology was developed as a fertility preservation option, it may have the scope to be considered for endocrine function preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajra Khattak
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and
Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rosamund Malhas
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust,
Birmingham, UK
| | - Laurentiu Craciunas
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon
Tyne, UK
| | - Yousri Afifi
- Birmingham Women’s and Children’s NHS Foundation Trust,
Birmingham, UK
| | - Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et
Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Simon Fishel
- CARE Fertility Group, Nottingham, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores
University, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Debra Gook
- Reproductive Services/Melbourne IVF, The Royal Women’s Hospital,
Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Isabelle Demeestere
- Research Laboratory on Human Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Université
Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olga Bystrova
- AVA-PETER Fertility Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alla Lisyanskaya
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Saint-Petersburg City Oncology
Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georgy Manikhas
- Department of Oncology of the First Pavlov State Medical University of
Saint-Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Laura Lotz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital,
Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dittrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erlangen University Hospital,
Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lotte Berdiin Colmorn
- The Fertility Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen,
Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Tryde Macklon
- The Fertility Clinic, University Hospital of Copenhagen,
Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Stine Gry Kristensen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, The Juliane Marie Centre for Women,
Children and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen,
Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ioannis Gallos
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and
Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Arri Coomarasamy
- Tommy’s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Institute of Metabolism and
Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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6
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Diaz AA, Kubo H, Handa N, Hanna M, Laronda MM. A Systematic Review of Ovarian Tissue Transplantation Outcomes by Ovarian Tissue Processing Size for Cryopreservation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:918899. [PMID: 35774145 PMCID: PMC9239173 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.918899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) is the only pre-treatment option currently available to preserve fertility for prepubescent girls and patients who cannot undergo ovarian stimulation. Currently, there is no standardized method of processing ovarian tissue for cryopreservation, despite evidence that fragmentation of ovaries may trigger primordial follicle activation. Because fragmentation may influence ovarian transplant function, the purpose of this systematic review was (1) to identify the processing sizes and dimensions of ovarian tissue within sites around the world, and (2) to examine the reported outcomes of ovarian tissue transplantation including, reported duration of hormone restoration, pregnancy, and live birth. A total of 2,252 abstracts were screened against the inclusion criteria. In this systematic review, 103 studies were included for analysis of tissue processing size and 21 studies were included for analysis of ovarian transplantation outcomes. Only studies where ovarian tissue was cryopreserved (via slow freezing or vitrification) and transplanted orthotopically were included in the review. The size of cryopreserved ovarian tissue was categorized based on dimensions into strips, squares, and fragments. Of the 103 studies, 58 fertility preservation sites were identified that processed ovarian tissue into strips (62%), squares (25.8%), or fragments (31%). Ovarian tissue transplantation was performed in 92 participants that had ovarian tissue cryopreserved into strips (n = 51), squares (n = 37), and fragments (n = 4). All participants had ovarian tissue cryopreserved by slow freezing. The pregnancy rate was 81.3%, 45.5%, 66.7% in the strips, squares, fragment groups, respectively. The live birth rate was 56.3%, 18.2%, 66.7% in the strips, squares, fragment groups, respectively. The mean time from ovarian tissue transplantation to ovarian hormone restoration was 3.88 months, 3.56 months, and 3 months in the strips, squares, and fragments groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between the time of ovarian function' restoration and the size of ovarian tissue. Transplantation of ovarian tissue, regardless of its processing dimensions, restores ovarian hormone activity in the participants that were reported in the literature. More detailed information about the tissue processing size and outcomes post-transplant are required to identify a preferred or more successful processing method. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk], identifier [CRD42020189120].
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley A. Diaz
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Hana Kubo
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Nicole Handa
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maria Hanna
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Monica M. Laronda
- Stanley Manne Children’s Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
- Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- *Correspondence: Monica M. Laronda,
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7
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Ovarian tissue and oocyte cryopreservation prior to iatrogenic premature ovarian insufficiency. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2021; 81:119-133. [PMID: 34887172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2021.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotoxic treatments like chemotherapy or radiotherapy and ovarian surgery may result in an accelerated depletion of the ovarian reserve and subsequent premature ovarian insufficiency. Important determinants of this severe risk that require fertility preservation strategies are patient age, ovarian reserve, type of treatment, and administered dose. Oocytes and ovarian tissue can both be cryopreserved, with encouraging results in terms of pregnancy and live birth rates according to recent publications. Moreover, since ovarian tissue transplantation also results in long-term endocrine resumption, it represents a potential future therapeutic option for complete ovarian function restoration in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency.
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8
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Dolmans MM, Hossay C, Nguyen TYT, Poirot C. Fertility Preservation: How to Preserve Ovarian Function in Children, Adolescents and Adults. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225247. [PMID: 34830528 PMCID: PMC8621487 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy, pelvic radiotherapy and ovarian surgery have known gonadotoxic effects that can lead to endocrine dysfunction, cessation of ovarian endocrine activity and early depletion of the ovarian reserve, causing a risk for future fertility problems, even in children. Important determinants of this risk are the patient’s age and ovarian reserve, type of treatment and dose. When the risk of premature ovarian insufficiency is high, fertility preservation strategies must be offered to the patient. Furthermore, fertility preservation may sometimes be needed in conditions other than cancer, such as in non-malignant diseases or in patients seeking fertility preservation for personal reasons. Oocyte and/or embryo vitrification and ovarian tissue cryopreservation are the two methods currently endorsed by the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, yielding encouraging results in terms of pregnancy and live birth rates. The choice of one technique above the other depends mostly on the age and pubertal status of the patient, and personal and medical circumstances. This review focuses on the available fertility preservation techniques, their appropriateness according to patient age and their efficacy in terms of pregnancy and live birth rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. Mounier 52, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.H.); (T.Y.T.N.)
- Department of Gynecology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Av. Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence:
| | - Camille Hossay
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. Mounier 52, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.H.); (T.Y.T.N.)
| | - Thu Yen Thi Nguyen
- Gynecology Research Unit, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Av. Mounier 52, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (C.H.); (T.Y.T.N.)
| | - Catherine Poirot
- Department of Hematology, AYA Unit, Saint Louis Hospital AP-HP, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France;
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Site Pitié Salpêtrière, 91 Bd de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Cochin Hospital AP-HP, 123 Bd de Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France
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9
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Rozen G, Sii S, Agresta F, Gook D, Polyakov A, Stern C. Ovarian tissue grafting: Lessons learnt from our experience with 55 grafts. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 20:277-288. [PMID: 34262395 PMCID: PMC8254169 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Uncertainties remain regarding the clinical efficacy of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and grafting. We report a retrospective analysis of reproductive outcomes and lessons learnt following 55 ovarian tissue transplant procedures at our center from 2006 to 2019. Methods We analyzed variables related to graft success such as tissue volume, follicular density, total follicular volume, and age on the duration of graft function. Results Follicular density and total follicular volume correlate positively with duration of graft function. All clinical pregnancies in our cohort occurred in women who were aged 35 or less at the time of ovarian tissue cryopreservation. Conclusion Graft success, as determined by eventual pregnancy and the longevity of graft function, may be impacted by factors including age at cryopreservation, follicular density, and total follicular volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genia Rozen
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Stephanie Sii
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Franca Agresta
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Debra Gook
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Alex Polyakov
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
| | - Catharyn Stern
- Reproductive Services UnitRoyal Women's HospitalParkville, MelbourneVic.Australia
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10
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Wu Y, Sun Z, Wang Y, Chen H, Bian J. Human dermal fibroblasts support the development of human primordial/primary follicles in a 3-dimensional alginate matrix culture system. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:868. [PMID: 34164502 PMCID: PMC8184424 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-2125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Alginate matrix 3-dimensional culture offers the opportunity for the development and maturation of human secondary follicles in vitro. However, alginate may not be the most suitable culture system for human primordial/primary follicles in vitro. Thus, the innovation of alginate matrix 3-dimensional culture systems for human primordial/primary follicles could hold promise as an ideal approach to restoring fertility. Methods We extracted primordial/primary follicles from ovarian tissues collected from patients with non-ovarian benign gynecological conditions. Fibroblasts were isolated from dermal tissue from 1 male patient who had undergone posthectomy. The isolated human follicles were randomly divided into 2 groups and encapsulated within fibroblast-alginate-hydrogels or alginate hydrogels. The survival and growth of human primordial/primary follicles were measured after 21 days of in vitro culture. Results The dermal fibroblasts in alginate hydrogel microcapsules were round in shape, and were distributed as uniform clouds on the surface and gaps of the alginate. After 21 days of culture, the survival rate of follicles in the fibroblast-alginate group was higher than that of the alginate group (P<0.05). The diameter of follicles in the fibroblast-alginate group and the alginate group after 21 days of culture was 152.80±13.64 and 129.14±9.95 μm, respectively (P<0.05). After 21-day culture, the mean cpm (log-converted) for 3H-thymidine incorporated by granulosa cells in the fibroblast-alginate and alginate groups was 6.87±0.24 and 4.63±0.38, respectively (P<0.05). After 21 days of culture, the messenger RNA expression levels of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) were significantly higher in oocytes in fibroblast-alginate hydrogels than in those in alginate hydrogels (P<0.05). Conclusions Human fibroblasts are beneficial to the development of human follicles in 3-dimensional culture alginate gel systems over a long period of time. More studies are required to investigate the molecular biological mechanisms of human fibroblasts that promote follicle growth in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wu
- Reproductive Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zili Sun
- Reproductive Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Reproductive Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Reproductive Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Bian
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Everjoy Medical Polyclinic, Shanghai, China
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Transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in a series of 285 women: a review of five leading European centers. Fertil Steril 2021; 115:1102-1115. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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12
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Vatel M, Torre A, Paillusson B, Scheffler F, Bergere M, Benkhalifa M, Le Martelot MT, Leperlier F, Mirallié S, Selleret L, Prades-Borio M, Neuraz A, Barraud-Lange V, Boissel N, Fortin A, Poirot C. Efficacy of assisted reproductive technology after ovarian tissue transplantation in a cohort of 11 patients with or without associated infertility factors. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:503-511. [PMID: 33389379 PMCID: PMC7884571 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-02033-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE IVF treatment in women with grafted frozen-thawed ovarian tissue is associated with poor reproductive outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) followed by assisted reproductive technology (ART) in women with or without associated infertility factors. METHODS This is a prospective cohort study with retrospective data collection including eleven women, four of whom having an infertility factor (IF), who had undergone OTT in one university center between 2005 and 2017, followed by ART in six in vitro fertilization (IVF) centers. RESULTS In total, 25 of the 85 cycles initiated (29%) were canceled, resulting in 60 oocyte retrievals. Ninety-five oocytes were retrieved: 36 were abnormal or immature, 29/39 fertilized (74%) after ICSI and 13/20 (65%) after IVF. Thirty-five embryos were transferred in seven patients (5/7 patients without IF and 2/4 patients with IF). After ART, one patient with IF experienced two pregnancies, one resulting in a live birth. For all patients, pregnancy rates and live birth rates were 7.4% and 3.7% per embryo transfer, respectively. Nine pregnancies and four live births occurred after spontaneous conception in five patients without IF, none in the infertility group. CONCLUSION This study confirms that IVF treatment in women with grafted frozen-thawed ovarian tissue is associated with poor outcomes. However, the chances of natural conception are high in women without IF. Patients with IF, without the possibility of spontaneous pregnancy, should be informed of poor reproductive outcomes after OTT followed by ART. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02184806.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Vatel
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Clinique de la Muette, 75116, Paris, France
| | - A Torre
- Division of Child Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - B Paillusson
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital, 78300, Poissy, France
| | - F Scheffler
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Amiens Hospital, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - M Bergere
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Poissy Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital, 78300, Poissy, France
| | - M Benkhalifa
- Medicine and Reproductive Biology, University Hospital and School of Medicine, Picardy Jules Verne University, 80054, Amiens, France
- Peritox-INERIS, UMR-I 01, Joint Research Centre, Picardy Jules Verne University, 80054, Amiens, France
| | - M-T Le Martelot
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Brest Hospital, 29200, Brest, France
| | - F Leperlier
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Biology, Nantes Hospital, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - S Mirallié
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Biology, Nantes Hospital, 44000, Nantes, France
| | - L Selleret
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - M Prades-Borio
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, 75020, Paris, France
| | - A Neuraz
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Les Bluets Hospital, 75012, Paris, France
| | - V Barraud-Lange
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Cochin Hospital, 75014, Paris, France
| | - N Boissel
- Department of Hematology, Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Fertility Preservation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
- Paris University, EA3518, 75006, Paris, France
| | - A Fortin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, 75013, Paris, France
| | - C Poirot
- Department of Hematology, Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Fertility Preservation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Saint-Louis Hospital, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
- Médecine Sorbonne University, 75005, Paris, France.
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Vilela JDMV, Dolmans MM, Maruhashi E, Blackman MCNM, Sonveaux P, Miranda-Vilela AL, Amorim CA. Evidence of metabolic activity during low-temperature ovarian tissue preservation in different media. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2477-2486. [PMID: 32885380 PMCID: PMC7550475 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01935-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although ovarian tissue transportation has been validated for up to 24 h, there is no standard protocol to date. We aimed to elucidate how existing media currently used for ovarian tissue transportation affect ovarian tissue metabolism and cell viability. METHODS Cow ovarian fragments were immersed in 0.9% NaCl solution, IVF medium, Leibovitz 15 medium (L-15), or PBS for 1, 4, or 24 h at 4 °C. Media were analyzed for pH, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and glucose, pyruvate, and lactate concentrations, while apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL assays in fixed fragments. Viability rates were assessed by flow cytometry (FACS). RESULTS There were lower pH levels in NaCl at all time points compared with other media. LDH activity increased with time and was lowest in NaCl at 1 and 4 h. There was no significant difference in glucose levels, but a significant pyruvate decrease in L-15 and a significant lactate increase in all media. TUNEL showed apoptosis rates ranging from 0 to 5%. FACS showed a mean of 4% necrotic cells and 15-19% apoptotic cells after 1 h of incubation, but less than 1% necrotic cells and 2-6% apoptotic cells after 24 h in all media. CONCLUSION Our results indicate marked metabolic activity in ovarian tissue at 4 °C and suggest that cells use internal sources of energy, which may influence transplantation outcomes. This highlights the importance of better understanding whole tissue dynamics to develop a standard protocol for ovarian tissue transportation. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice de M V Vilela
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte B1.52.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte B1.52.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
- Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Emi Maruhashi
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte B1.52.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marine C N M Blackman
- Pôle de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Sonveaux
- Pôle de Pharmacologie et Thérapeutique, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Christiani A Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 52, bte B1.52.02, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
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Reproductive outcomes after in vitro fertilization treatment in a cohort of Danish women transplanted with cryopreserved ovarian tissue. Fertil Steril 2020; 114:379-387. [PMID: 32624219 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.03.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate ovarian stimulation regimens and reproductive outcomes in a cohort of women undergoing ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) and ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING University hospital and fertility clinics. PATIENTS Twenty-eight women undergoing OTT and in vitro fertilization (IVF) from 2012 to 2017. INTERVENTION OTC, OTT, and IVF. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ovarian stimulation and IVF outcomes. RESULTS In total, 99 cycles were performed in 28 patients. In 19 patients responding to stimulation, a median of 3.0 cycles per patient (range: 1-14 cycles) was performed, and 2.0 mature oocytes were retrieved per cycle. The empty follicle rate was 35.9%. Eleven women achieved 15 pregnancies, of which 60% were lost during the first or second trimester, resulting in 5 of 28 women having ≥1 live births, and seven healthy children being born. In breast cancer patients (mean age at OTC: 33.0 years), the pregnancy rates (PR) and live birth rates (LBR) were 35.0% and 5.0% per embryo transfer, respectively. Patients aged ≥34.5 years at OTC all had breast cancer and did not achieve any pregnancies. For all other diagnoses (mean age at OTC: 26.6 years), PR and LBR were 50.0% and 37.5% per embryo transfer, respectively. Collectively, 39% of patients conceived at least once, and 17.9% delivered. Frozen-thawed embryo transfer (FET) resulted in more pregnancies than did fresh embryo transfer. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that women of advanced maternal age undergoing OTC and IVF have a poor ovarian reserve, resulting in a poor reproductive outcome. Interestingly, FET appeared to be superior to fresh transfer.
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Shapira M, Dolmans MM, Silber S, Meirow D. Evaluation of ovarian tissue transplantation: results from three clinical centers. Fertil Steril 2020; 114:388-397. [PMID: 32605799 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To report ovarian tissue autotransplantation (AT) results and describe the relationship between technical and clinical factors and outcomes. DESIGN Multicenter retrospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary medical centers. PATIENT(S) Infertile patients who had stored ovarian tissue before sterilizing treatment and returned for AT with the aim of conceiving. INTERVENTIONS(S) Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) and AT, endocrine monitoring, in vitro fertilization. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Endocrine performance, pregnancy and live-birth rates. RESULT(S) From 2004 to 2018, 70 patients underwent 87 ATs. Sixty patients undergoing 70 ATs met the inclusion criteria. After AT, menses returned in 94% of patients and median FSH dropped from 68 to 19 IU/mL. Fifty pregnancies and 44 deliveries were attained, with 50% of women achieving at least one pregnancy and 41.6% at least one delivery. Twelve patients underwent AT more than once and had their endocrine activity restored in case menses recurred after the first transplantation. Repeated transplantations yielded five live births in three patients, two of whom had already given birth after the first transplantation. Preharvesting chemotherapy was not associated with inferior outcomes. Of seven patients whose pelvis was exposed to radiation before AT, four conceived and delivered. Neither tissue dimensions nor surgical approach affected fertility outcomes. CONCLUSION(S) OTC is highly effective at restoring fertility in sterilized patients, and prior exposure to chemotherapy should not be considered a contraindication. Repeated AT should be contemplated in case of graft malfunction, especially if previous transplantation was successful. In selected cases, conception and delivery may be feasible after pelvic exposure to radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moran Shapira
- Fertility Preservation Center, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Marie-Madeleine Dolmans
- Pôle de Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Gynecology Department, Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Dror Meirow
- Fertility Preservation Center, Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
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16
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Restoration of estrous cycles by co-transplantation of mouse ovarian tissue with MSCs. Cell Tissue Res 2020; 381:509-525. [PMID: 32424509 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-020-03204-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and visceral peritoneum (VP-MSCs)-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the transplanted ovary. VP-MSCs and BM-MSCs were obtained from green fluorescent protein-expressing mice (GFP+). Six- to eight-week-old female NMRI mice were divided into four experimental groups, autograft ovarian tissue fragments (AO), autograft ovarian tissue fragments encapsulated in fibrin-collagen hydrogel (AO-H), autograft ovarian tissue fragments encapsulated in fibrin-collagen hydrogel containing BM-MSCs (AO-HB) and autograft ovarian tissue fragments encapsulated in fibrin-collagen hydrogel containing VP-MSCs (AO-HP). Intact ovary (IO) was the control group. The estrous cycles resumption time was monitored and at the third estrous cycle, the blood samples and grafted ovaries were evaluated using hormonal, histological and gene expression analysis. Onset of estrous cycles, especially at the second cycle, was earlier in AO-HB and AO-HP groups than in the AO-H group (P < 0.05). Moreover, E2 and FSH levels in AO-HB and AO-HP groups were returned to those of the intact group. However, folliculogenesis was still retarded as compared with the IO group. The gene expression of theca (Lhcgr, Cyp17a1, Gli2, Gli3 and Ptch1), granulosa (Amh and Fshr), oocyte (Zp3 and Gdf9), germ cells (Stella and Prdm1), angiogenesis (VEGF and bFGF) and apoptosis (Bax/Bcl2 and Caspase3) markers was similar in both AO-HB and AO-HP groups. Expression of Amh, Fshr, Gdf9 and VEGF increased only in the AO-HP group whereas expression of Ptch1 increased only in the AO-HB group, as compared with the AO group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, BM-MSCs or VP-MSCs can improve ovarian autotransplantation in mice with no superiority over each other.
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Bystrova O, Lapina E, Kalugina A, Lisyanskaya A, Tapilskaya N, Manikhas G. Heterotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in cancer patients: a case series. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:1043-1049. [PMID: 31373236 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1648413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue offers patients a chance to preserve fertility during cancer treatment. In this study of ten young women with gynecological cancer, heterotopic sites were tested for serum hormones and follicle growth to estimate transplant longevity and prospects for assisted conception. Frozen-thawed grafts were implanted subcutaneously in the forearm (FA) (2 cases), the abdominal wall (AW) (11 cases), and the peritoneal lining (P) (3 cases) . In the follow-up of 36 months, a total of 80 ovarian cycles in different heterotopic sites were analyzed. FA and AW grafts had wildly fluctuating FSH, while estradiol (E2) reached preovulatory levels only in AW and P grafts. Follicular growth was active in P sites (1.2 ± 0.1 mm/d) and sluggish in FA and AW sites (0.4 ± 0.1 mm/d). A mature oocyte was only retrieved from the AW, while seven other aspirations were unsuccessful. Meanwhile, a patient delivered twice after treatment for Hodgkin's lymphoma when orthotopic transplantation was performed, first from an IVF cycle and subsequently from a natural cycle. In conclusion, these findings offer no strong encouragement for fertility preservation by transplanting cryopreserved ovarian tissue to subcutaneous sites, and although the peritoneal site gave better results, graft longevity averaged the same at around 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Bystrova
- "AVA-PETER" Fertility Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Lapina
- "AVA-PETER" Fertility Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alla Kalugina
- "AVA-PETER" Fertility Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alla Lisyanskaya
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Saint-Petersburg City Oncology Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalya Tapilskaya
- Oncology Unit, Saint-Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Georgy Manikhas
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Saint-Petersburg City Oncology Clinic, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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Ferreri J, Fàbregues F, Calafell JM, Solernou R, Borrás A, Saco A, Manau D, Carmona F. Drug-free in-vitro activation of follicles and fresh tissue autotransplantation as a therapeutic option in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency. Reprod Biomed Online 2019; 40:254-260. [PMID: 31956062 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2019.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
RESEARCH QUESTION Could in-vitro action of follicles and fresh tissue autotransplantation without tissue culture (drug-free IVA) be useful in patients with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI)? DESIGN Prospective observational cohort study in a tertiary university hospital. Drug-Free IVA was carried out in 14 women with POI with a median age of 33 years (29-36 years), median length of amenorrhoea of 1.5 years (1-11 years), median FSH levels 69.2 mIU/ml (36.9-82.8 mIU/ml) and anti-Müllerian hormone of 0.02 ng/ml (0.01-0.1 ng/ml). The surgical procedure included laparoscopic removal of ovarian cortex, fragmentation of tissue and autografting. Human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) was started immediately after surgery. RESULTS Follicle development was detected in seven out of the 14 patients, and five women achieved successful oocyte retrieval. In six women, HCG was administered in 10 cycles. Six embryo transfers were carried out in five women resulting in four pregnancies; a clinical pregnancy rate of four in seven oocyte retrievals and four in six embryo transfers. CONCLUSIONS Drug-free IVA could be a useful therapeutic option for patients with POI, leading to successful IVF outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janisse Ferreri
- Institut Clinic of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology (ICGON), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
| | - Francesc Fàbregues
- Institut Clinic of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology (ICGON), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | | | | | - Aina Borrás
- FIVClinic, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adela Saco
- Pathological Anatomy Service, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona
| | - Dolors Manau
- Institut Clinic of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology (ICGON), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Francisco Carmona
- Institut Clinic of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology (ICGON), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Carrer de Villarroel, 170, Barcelona 08036, Spain
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Andersen ST, Pors SE, Poulsen LLC, Colmorn LB, Macklon KT, Ernst E, Humaidan P, Andersen CY, Kristensen SG. Ovarian stimulation and assisted reproductive technology outcomes in women transplanted with cryopreserved ovarian tissue: a systematic review. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:908-921. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Dolmans MM. Trials and tribulations of in vitro fertilization after ovarian tissue transplantation. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:817-818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.07.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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21
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Jeve YB, Gelbaya T, Fatum M. Time to consider ovarian tissue cryopreservation for girls with Turner's syndrome: an opinion paper. Hum Reprod Open 2019; 2019:hoz016. [PMID: 31240242 PMCID: PMC6586440 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Turner’s syndrome (TS) is the most common sex chromosome abnormality in women. In addition to short stature and gonadal dysgenesis, it is associated with cardiac and renal anomalies. Due to rapid follicular atresia, the majority of women with TS suffer from primary ovarian insufficiency around puberty. Thus far, donor oocyte conception has been the key fertility option for these women. With advancing technology, ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTCP) has emerged as a clinically justifiable option especially for pre-pubertal girls with cancer. Recently published results following the use of cryopreserved ovarian tissue are reassuring. It would be prudent to consider the extension of these technological and scientific advances to other conditions, such as TS, where accelerated follicular atresia is suspected. It is possible to obtain competent oocytes from cryopreserved ovaries of girls with TS provided the ovaries were preserved before ovarian failure. However, it is a complex decision whether and when to offer OTCP as a fertility preservation (FP) option for girls with TS. The rate of decline in fertility is variable in girls with TS and can be more complex in cases with mosaicism. On the other hand, OTCP has shown some promising results in patients with cancer, which can potentially be replicated in TS and other benign indications of patients at risk of premature ovarian failure. There are proven psychological and clinical benefits of FP. Thus, an argument could be made for offering OTCP to these patients to endow these girls with the option of having biological fertility using this innovative technology. Ethical, clinical and psychological dilemmas should be considered, discussed and addressed before considering such a novel approach. We believe that the time has come to start this discussion and open this avenue of FP for girls with TS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Gelbaya
- Leicester Fertility Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Muhammad Fatum
- Nuffield Department of Women's Health and Reproduction, Oxford Fertility, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Transplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue: an update on worldwide activity published in peer-reviewed papers and on the Danish cohort. J Assist Reprod Genet 2018; 35:561-570. [PMID: 29497953 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1144-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study is to review all peer-reviewed published reports of women receiving ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) with frozen/thawed tissue (OTC) with respect to age, diagnosis, transplantation site, fertility outcome, and potential side effects, including data from all women in the Danish program. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was performed in PubMed combined with results from all patients who had received OTT in Denmark up to December 2017. RESULTS OTT has been reported from 21 different countries comprising a total of 360 OTT procedures in 318 women. In nine women, malignancy was diagnosed after OTT; none were considered to be directly caused by the OTT. Despite a potential under reporting of cancer recurrence, there is currently no evidence to suggest that OTT causes reseeding of the original cancer. Renewed ovarian endocrine function was reported in 95% of the women. Half of all children born following OTT resulted from natural conception, and newborns were reported to be healthy except for one neonate with a chromosome anomaly with a family disposition. Women who conceived after OTT were significantly younger than those who failed. CONCLUSION This study found no indications of sufficient numbers of malignant cells present in the ovarian tissue to cause recurrence of cancer after OTT. Further, it is unlikely that OTC affects the well-being of children born. OTC is now an established method of fertility preservation in Denmark with public reimbursement. The current data encourage that women who require gonadotoxic treatment should be offered an individual evaluation considering fertility preservation.
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Oocyte vitrification versus ovarian cortex transplantation in fertility preservation for adult women undergoing gonadotoxic treatments: a prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2018; 109:478-485.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ladanyi C, Mor A, Christianson MS, Dhillon N, Segars JH. Recent advances in the field of ovarian tissue cryopreservation and opportunities for research. J Assist Reprod Genet 2017; 34:709-722. [PMID: 28365839 PMCID: PMC5445043 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-017-0899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to summarize the latest advances and successes in the field of ovarian tissue cryopreservation while identifying gaps in current knowledge that suggest opportunities for future research. METHODS A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines for all relevant full-text articles in PubMed published in English that reviewed or studied historical or current advancements in ovarian tissue cryopreservation and auto-transplantation techniques. RESULTS Ovarian tissue auto-transplantation in post-pubertal women is capable of restoring fertility with over 80 live births currently reported with a corresponding pregnancy rate of 23 to 37%. The recently reported successes of live births from transplants, both in orthotopic and heterotopic locations, as well as the emerging methods of in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro culture of primordial follicles, and possibility of in vitro activation (IVA) suggest new fertility options for many women and girls. Vitrification, as an ovarian tissue cryopreservation technique, has also demonstrated successful live births and may be a more cost-effective method to freezing with less tissue injury. Further, transplantation via the artificial ovary with an extracellular tissue matrix (ECTM) scaffolding as well as the effects of sphingosine-1-phosphate (SIP) and fibrin modified with heparin-binding peptide (HBP), heparin, and a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have demonstrated important advancements in fertility preservation. As a fertility preservation method, ovarian tissue cryopreservation and auto-transplantation are currently considered experimental, but future research may pave the way for these modalities to become a standard of care for women facing the prospect of sterility from ovarian damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Ladanyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME 04102 USA
| | - Amir Mor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219 USA
| | - Mindy S. Christianson
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
| | - Namisha Dhillon
- University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614 USA
| | - James H. Segars
- Howard W. and Georgeanna Seegar Jones Division of Reproductive Sciences and Women’s Health Research, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Ross Building (Room 624), Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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Ma WZ, Zheng XM, Hei CC, Zhao CJ, Xie SS, Chang Q, Cai YF, Jia H, Pei XY, Wang YR. Optimal FSH usage in revascularization of allotransplanted ovarian tissue in mice. J Ovarian Res 2017; 10:5. [PMID: 28095884 PMCID: PMC5240196 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0299-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgroud Ovarian transplantation is a useful method for preserving the fertility of young women with cancer who undergo radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is use to protect transplanted ovarian tissues from ischemia injury through promoting revascularization after transplantation, but the side effect of high level FSH is ovarian overstimulation leading to substantial follicular loss. In this study, we investigated the optimal usage of FSH on revascularization in the in vitro cultured ovarian tissues before and after transplantation. Results FSH mainly exhibited an additive response in the gene and protein expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) with its raised concentrations (0.15 IU/ml, 0.30 IU/ml and 0.60 IU/ml) and prolonged treatment (3 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h). The concentrations with 0.60 IU/ml FSH could obviously promoted the expression of VEGF, bFGF and FSHR, but under this concentration FSH could also overstimulated the ovarian tissue leading to follicular loss. With the increase of culture time, the gene and protein expression of VEGF and bFGF both were up-regulated in all of the FSH added groups, but FSHR expression decreased when culture time exceeded 12 h. So we chose 0.30 IU/ml FSH added concentration and 6 h culture time as the FSH usage condition in functional revascularization verification experiment, and found that under this condition FSH promoted 2.5 times increase of vascular density in treated group than in control group after ovarian tissues transplantation. Conclusion Ovarian intervention with 0.30 IU/ml FSH for 6 h is an optimal FSH usage condition which could accelerate the revascularization in the allotransplanted ovarian tissue and can not produce ovarian overstimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiao-Min Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Chang-Chun Hei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Cheng-Jun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Sha-Sha Xie
- The No, 1 People's Hospital of xingtai, Hongxing street No.16, No, Xingtai, 054000, China
| | - Qing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Yu-Fang Cai
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Hua Jia
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China
| | - Xiu-Ying Pei
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
| | - Yan-Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetic of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Ningxia Medical University, Shengli street No.1160, Yinchuan, 750004, China.
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86 successful births and 9 ongoing pregnancies worldwide in women transplanted with frozen-thawed ovarian tissue: focus on birth and perinatal outcome in 40 of these children. J Assist Reprod Genet 2016; 34:325-336. [PMID: 28028773 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-016-0843-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to make an account of the children born following transplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue worldwide with specific focus on the perinatal outcome of the children. Furthermore, perinatal outcome of seven deliveries (nine children) from Denmark is reported. METHODS PubMed was searched for papers of deliveries resulting from ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC). Seven women underwent OTC prior to chemotherapy. Four of these women still had low ovarian function and had tried to conceive. They therefore had tissue autotransplanted to augment their fertility. The other three women had developed premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) after the end of treatment. RESULTS Worldwide, approximately 95 children have been born or will be born in the near future from OTC, including these 9 new children. Information on the perinatal outcome was found on 40 children. The mean gestational age was 39 weeks and the mean birth weight was 3168 g of the singleton pregnancies, which is within internationally recognized normal standards. Furthermore, half the singletons resulted from natural conception and all twins resulted from in vitro fertilization treatment. All seven Danish women became pregnant within 1-3 years after transplantation. They gave birth to nine healthy children. CONCLUSION The data is reassuring and further suggests that cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is becoming an established fertility preservation method. The seven Danish women reported in this study were all in their early thirties when OTC was performed. Most other reported cases were in the women's twenties. This suggests that the follicular pool in the thirties is large enough and sufficient to sustain fertility.
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Fabbri R, Macciocca M, Vicenti R, Pasquinelli G, Caprara G, Valente S, Seracchioli R, Paradisi R. Long-term storage does not impact the quality of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue. J Ovarian Res 2016; 9:50. [PMID: 27557782 PMCID: PMC4995754 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-016-0261-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is an emerging technique, also addressed to very young cancer patients, for whom it is not possible to perform an ovarian stimulation for oocytes freezing, before gonadotoxic treatment. In this cases, ovarian tissue must be cryopreserved for a long period of time and it is very important to know if it maintains fertility function after a long period of storage. Here we aimed to assess the effect of long-term storage on preservation and viability of cryopreserved human ovarian tissue. Methods Descriptive study of three cases of cancer patients whose cryopreserved ovarian tissue remained stored for 18 years. Long-term stored tissue was examined by histological and immunohistochemical analysis, transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL assay and LIVE/DEAD viability/citotoxicity test. Results Ovarian tissue stored for 18 years showed a good morphology. Follicles presented negative staining for estrogen and progesterone receptors, positive staining for ki67 in granulosa cells and/or oocytes and for bcl2 in granulosa cells. Regarding stroma, patch/focal positive expression was found for estrogen receptor and ki67, diffusely positive expression for progesterone receptor and bcl2. After long-term storage, ultrastructural examination showed sub-cellular integrity of follicles and interstitial oedema foci. No apoptosis was observable by TUNEL assay. Stromal cell viability remained >97 % during the culture period. Conclusion The evaluation of different aspects of the tissue provides evidence that the storage time does not impact on tissue quality and gives hope especially to cancer girls, whose tissues could remain cryopreserved for a very long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Fabbri
- Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, via Massarenti 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Macciocca
- Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, via Massarenti 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rossella Vicenti
- Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, via Massarenti 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Surgical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giacomo Caprara
- Histopathological and Molecular Diagnostic Unit of Solid Organ and Transplant, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Surgical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Speciality Medicine, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renato Seracchioli
- Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, via Massarenti 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto Paradisi
- Gynecology and Physiopathology of Human Reproductive Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital of Bologna, via Massarenti 13, 40138, Bologna, Italy
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Meirow D, Ra'anani H, Shapira M, Brenghausen M, Derech Chaim S, Aviel-Ronen S, Amariglio N, Schiff E, Orvieto R, Dor J. Transplantations of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue demonstrate high reproductive performance and the need to revise restrictive criteria. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:467-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lavery SA, Islam R, Hunt J, Carby A, Anderson RA. The medical and ethical challenges of fertility preservation in teenage girls: a case series of sickle cell anaemia patients prior to bone marrow transplant. Hum Reprod 2016; 31:1501-7. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dew084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chen X, Chen SL, Ye DS, Liu YD, He YX, Tian XL, Xu LJ, Tao T. Retrospective analysis of reproductive outcomes in women with primary ovarian insufficiency showing intermittent follicular development. Reprod Biomed Online 2016; 32:427-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article aims to carefully evaluate a number of critical points related to ovarian tissue freezing and presents factual data in terms of live birth rates and risks. RECENT FINDINGS Reimplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue remains an experimental procedure according to the American Society for Reproductive Medicine, despite almost 40 live births reported in the literature. Recent literature on the topic has focused on the risk of reimplanting malignant cells, so the present review assesses the risks according to disease. SUMMARY This manuscript emphasizes the crucial importance of not only preserving fertility in young women but also clearly explaining to patients the different available options and their respective success rates. Some previously published reviews have reported inaccurate reimplantation success rates. In this review, we report the true picture, with a live birth rate of 25%. Ovarian tissue freezing may be combined with pickup of immature oocytes (at the time of ovarian biopsy and tissue removal) or mature oocytes (if chemotherapy can be delayed).
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Zapardiel I, Cruz M, Diestro MD, Requena A, Garcia-Velasco JA. Assisted reproductive techniques after fertility-sparing treatments in gynaecological cancers. Hum Reprod Update 2016; 22:281-305. [PMID: 26759231 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmv066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trend toward late childbearing has made fertility preservation a major issue for women who face gynecological cancer. New techniques in assisted reproductive medicine enable conception after primary treatment of these cancers. Here, we aimed to review the efficacy and safety of assisted reproductive techniques (ART) after fertility-preserving treatment of gynaecological cancers. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review of both prospective and retrospective studies in the PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL and SciSearch databases. In the retrieved studies, we evaluated live births, clinical pregnancies, overall survival and disease-free survival. RESULTS We identified many prospective and retrospective studies on this topic, but no relevant randomized clinical trials. Fertility-sparing treatments with safe oncological outcomes are feasible in endometrial, cervical and ovarian cancer cases. After cancer treatment, ART seem safe and show variable obstetrical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS After fertility-preserving treatment for gynaecological cancers, ART can enable pregnancy to be achieved with apparent oncological safety. The success of such procedures should directly impact clinical practice and management of those patients who require fertility-sparing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Zapardiel
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, La Paz University Hospital - IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria D Diestro
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, La Paz University Hospital - IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
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Grynberg M, Bidet M, Benard J, Poulain M, Sonigo C, Cédrin-Durnerin I, Polak M. Fertility preservation in Turner syndrome. Fertil Steril 2015; 105:13-9. [PMID: 26677790 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Premature ovarian insufficiency is a relatively rare condition that can appear early in life. In a non-negligible number of cases the ovarian dysfunction results from genetic diseases. Turner syndrome (TS), the most common sex chromosome abnormality in females, is associated with an inevitable premature exhaustion of the follicular stockpile. The possible or probable infertility is a major concern for TS patients and their parents, and physicians are often asked about possible options to preserve fertility. Unfortunately, there are no recommendations on fertility preservation in this group. The severely reduced follicle pool even during prepubertal life represents the major limit for fertility preservation and is the root of numerous questions regarding the competence of gametes or ovarian tissue crybanked. In addition, patients suffering from TS show higher than usual rates of spontaneous abortion, fetal anomaly, and maternal morbidity and mortality, which should be considered at the time of fertility preservation and before reutilization of the cryopreserved gametes. Apart from fulfillment of the desire of becoming genetic parents, TS patients may be potential candidates for egg donation, gestational surrogacy, and adoption. The present review discusses the different options for preserving female fertility in TS and the ethical questions raised by these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Grynberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France; University Paris XIII, Bobigny, France; Unité Inserm (U1133), University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France.
| | - Maud Bidet
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre des Maladies Endocrines Rares de la Croissance, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
| | - Julie Benard
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France; University Paris XIII, Bobigny, France
| | - Marine Poulain
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Hôpital Courbevoie-Neuilly-Puteaux, Neuilly sur Seine, France
| | - Charlotte Sonigo
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Isabelle Cédrin-Durnerin
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Jean Verdier, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Bondy, France
| | - Michel Polak
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre des Maladies Endocrines Rares de la Croissance, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France; Université Paris Descartes, Institut IMAGINE, Paris, France
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Segers I, Mateizel I, Van Moer E, Smitz J, Tournaye H, Verheyen G, De Vos M. In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes recovered from ovariectomy specimens in the laboratory: a promising "ex vivo" method of oocyte cryopreservation resulting in the first report of an ongoing pregnancy in Europe. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1221-31. [PMID: 26253691 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We present our center's experience with 34 consecutive cases who underwent in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes obtained from ovariectomy specimens and compare our data with updated literature data. METHODS Feasibility and efficiency of oocyte collection during ovarian tissue processing was assessed by the recovery rate, maturation rate, and embryological development after IVM. RESULTS On average, 14 immature oocytes were retrieved per patient during ovarian tissue processing in 33/34 patients. The overall maturation rate after IVM was 36%. The maturation rate correlated with the age of the patient and the duration of IVM. Predominately, oocyte vitrification was performed. Eight couples preferred embryo cryopreservation. Here, a 65% fertilization rate was obtained and at least one good-quality day 3 embryo was cryopreserved in 7/8 couples. The retrieval of oocytes ex vivo resulted in mature oocytes or embryos available for vitrification in 79% of patients. One patient with ovarian insufficiency following therapeutic embolization of the left uterine and the right ovarian artery because of an arteriovenous malformation had an embryo transfer of one good-quality warmed embryo generated after IVM ex vivo, which resulted in an ongoing clinical pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS IVM of oocytes obtained ex vivo during the processing of ovarian cortex prior to cryopreservation is a procedure with emerging promise for patients at risk for fertility loss, as illustrated by the reported pregnancy. However, more data are needed in order to estimate the overall success rate and safety of this novel approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Segers
- Centre for Reproductive Medicine, UZ Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090, Brussels, Belgium,
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Impact of the cryopreservation technique and vascular bed on ovarian tissue transplantation in cynomolgus monkeys. J Assist Reprod Genet 2015; 32:1251-62. [PMID: 26238388 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-015-0542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the best combination in terms of cryopreservation techniques and vascular bed preparation before grafting in order to obtain functional ovarian tissue after transplantation. METHODS Five cynomolgus monkeys were used. Strips from 10 ovaries were cryopreserved, 5 by vitrification (V), and 5 by slow-freezing (SF). Pieces of fresh ovarian tissue were used for controls. After 1 month, the strips were autografted to two different vascular beds, healed (HB) or freshly decorticated (FDB), constituting four study groups: SF-HB, SF-FDB, V-HB, and V-FDB. These were compared to fresh tissue. After 6 months, the ovaries were removed and several parameters analyzed: follicle quality, stage, density, proliferation, apoptosis, functionality, vascularization, and fibrosis. Mixed effect linear regression models were built to assess the impact of cryopreservation and vascular bed preparation on ovarian tissue viability and functionality. p values were adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg method, and q values < 0.20 were considered significant in order to achieve a 20% false discovery rate. RESULTS Compared to fresh tissue, no difference was observed in the percentage of morphologically normal follicles, while a significant increase was noted in the follicle proliferation rate (41%, q = 0.19), percentage of antral follicles (12%, q = 0.14), and number of vessels per area (3.3 times, q = 0.07) in the V-FDB group. CONCLUSIONS Vitrification associated with FDB vascular bed preparation is the best combination to obtain functional autografted ovarian tissue. Further studies are nevertheless required, with confirmed pregnancies and live births before introducing the procedure into clinical practice.
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Blumenfeld Z, Evron A. Preserving fertility when choosing chemotherapy regimens - the role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2015; 16:1009-20. [PMID: 25826240 DOI: 10.1517/14656566.2015.1031654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The late effects of cancer treatment have recently gained a worldwide ubiquitous interest among reproductive endocrinologists, oncologists, and all health care providers. Despite many publications on this subject, there are many equivocal issues necessitating summary. The case for and against using GnRH-agonist for fertility preservation is summarized with the rationale that preventing ovarian failure may be better than treating it. AREAS COVERED We searched Medline in the last 10 years using terms: 'fertility preservation', 'female chemotherapy', 'Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues', 'GnRH agonists' 'gonadotoxicity', and 'cancer treatment'. We included mainly publications from the past 7 years, but did not exclude previous, commonly referenced publications. Here, we summarize the various methods available for fertility preservation and minimizing chemotherapy induced gonadotoxicity. EXPERT OPINION Until now, 20 studies (15 retrospective and 5 randomized controlled trial) have reported on 2038 patients treated with GnRH-a in parallel to chemotherapy, showing a significant decrease in premature ovarian failure (POF) rate in survivors versus 8 studies reporting on 509 patients, with negative results. Patients treated with GnRH-a in parallel to chemotherapy preserved their cyclic ovarian function in 91% of cases as compared to 41% of controls, with a pregnancy rate of 19 - 71% in the treated patients. Furthermore, over 10 recent meta-analyses have concluded that GnRH-a are beneficial and may decrease the risk of POF in survivors. Because most of the methods involving ovarian or egg cryopreservation are not yet clinically established and unequivocally successful, these young patients deserve to be informed with all the various modalities to minimize gonadal damage and preserve ovarian function and future fertility. Combining the various modalities for a specific patient may increase the odds of preservation of future fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeev Blumenfeld
- Reproductive Endocrinology, Rambam Health Care Campus, Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine , 8 Ha'Aliyah St, Haifa, 31096 , Israel +972 4 7772577 ; +972 4 7773243 ; ;
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Gamzatova Z, Komlichenko E, Kostareva A, Galagudza M, Ulrikh E, Zubareva T, Sheveleva T, Nezhentseva E, Kalinina E. Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue--effective method of fertility preservation in cancer patients. Gynecol Endocrinol 2014; 30 Suppl 1:43-7. [PMID: 25200829 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2014.945789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the literature and to present the latest advances in the autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature review was conducted for all relevant articles assessing the fertility preservation, ovarian tissue transplantation, standard freezing and vitrification of ovarian tissue. RESULTS One of the promising and effective methods for fertility preservation may be the autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue. At present, 30 babies have been born after orthotopic autotransplantation of frozen-thawed human ovarian tissue. Restoration of ovarian activity occurs between 3.5 months and 6.5 months. The longevity of autotransplanted ovarian tissue is about 5-7 years. The follicles are similarly preserved after all freezing methods; however, the ovarian stroma is significantly better preserved after vitrification than after slow freezing. An important topic for further research is preparation of the "vascular bed", optimization of vitrification technique and the development of alternative procedures to avoid the transmission of cancer cells via ovarian tissue autotransplantation - "artificial ovary". CONCLUSIONS Cryopreservation of ovarian tissue has unique advantages over other strategies. This method: (1) does not delay cancer treatment; (2) is safer for hormone dependent malignancy; (3) can be done independent of menstrual cycles; (4) is the only option for prepubertal girls; (5) can restore not only fertility but endocrine function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaynab Gamzatova
- Federal Almazov Medical Research Centre , Saint Petersburg , Russia
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Blumenfeld Z, Katz G, Evron A. 'An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure': the case for and against GnRH-agonist for fertility preservation. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1719-1728. [PMID: 24651411 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The late effects of cancer treatment have recently gained a worldwide interest among reproductive endocrinologists, oncologists, and all health-care providers, and the protection against iatrogenic infertility caused by chemotherapy assumes a high priority. Here, we summarize the case for and against using GnRH-agonist for fertility preservation and minimizing chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity. The rationale and philosophy supporting its use is that preventing premature ovarian failure (POF) is preferable to treating it, following the dictum: 'an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure'. Despite many publications on this subject, there are many equivocal issues necessitating summary. Until now, 20 studies (15 retrospective and 5 randomized, controlled trials) have reported on 1837 patients treated with GnRH-a in parallel to chemotherapy, showing a significant decrease in POF rate in survivors versus 9 studies reporting on 593 patients, with results not supporting GnRH-a use. Patients treated with GnRH-a in parallel to chemotherapy preserved their cyclic ovarian function in 91% of cases when compared with 41% of controls, with a pregnancy rate of 19-71% in the treated patients. Furthermore, seven meta-analyses have concluded that GnRH-a are beneficial and may decrease the risk of POF in survivors. However, controversy still remains regarding the efficiency of GnRH-a in preserving fertility. Since not all the methods involving fertility preservation are unequivocally successful and safe, these young patients deserve to be informed of all the various modalities to minimize gonadal damage and preserve ovarian function and future fertility. Combining several methods for a specific patient may increase the odds for minimally invasive fertility preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Blumenfeld
- Reproductive Endocrinology, RAMBAM Health Care Campus, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
| | - G Katz
- Pinchas Borenstein Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - A Evron
- Reproductive Endocrinology, RAMBAM Health Care Campus, The Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa
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Suzuki N. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation in young cancer patients for fertility preservation. Reprod Med Biol 2014; 14:1-4. [PMID: 29259397 DOI: 10.1007/s12522-014-0187-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Several options are currently available to preserve fertility and give female cancer survivors a chance to have children at a later date, including the cryopreservation of embryos, oocytes, and ovarian tissue. Selection of the most suitable strategy to preserve fertility depends on the type and timing of anticancer therapy, the cancer, the patient's age, and the presence of the patient's partner. Several studies have shown that the ovarian tissue can be successfully frozen and later grafted in the human womb. To date, approximately 30 live births have been achieved after the transplantation of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue. At present, the standard procedure for cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is the slow-cooling method. The slow-cooling method uses an optimal cooling rate for the target cells, and relies on extracellular ice crystals to gradually dehydrate and equilibrate the tissue. Several groups reported that slow cooling is more efficient than vitrification for the cryopreservation of human ovarian tissue. However, vitrification can be performed under a variety of conditions, and therefore, the choice of methods is important. In addition, vitrification traps aqueous solutions in an amorphous, "vitreous" solid phase that prevents ice crystal formation in tissues. Vitrification methods that were developed using mice and monkey have recently been shown to improve the viability of vitrified ovarian tissues. In this review article, recent topics of ovarian tissue cryopreservation are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Suzuki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology St. Marianna University School of Medicine 2-16-1 Sugao Miyamae 216-8511 Kawasaki Kanagawa Japan
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Gronier H, Terriou L, Robin G, Wacrenier A, Leroy-Martin B, Lefebvre C, Vinatier D, Morschhauser F, Decanter C. Detection of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in ovarian cortex pieces during the process of cryopreservation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2014; 31:1251-5. [PMID: 25022359 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-014-0292-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Gronier
- Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et de Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHRU de Lille, 3 avenue Eugène Avinée, 59037, Lille Cedex, France,
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Does stimulation with human gonadotropins and gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist enhance and accelerate the developmental capacity of oocytes in human ovarian tissue xenografted into severe combined immunodeficient mice? Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1477-84. [PMID: 24602750 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Revised: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the capacity of human frozen-thawed ovarian follicles matured in xenografts to form metaphase II (MII) oocytes after xenotransplantation and exogenous stimulation. DESIGN Prospective controlled animal study. SETTING University hospital gynecology research unit. PATIENT(S) Ovarian fragments were obtained from 17 women with malignant diseases who wished to cryopreserve ovarian tissue for later pregnancy before chemotherapy. ANIMAL(S) Eighty-eight female severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. INTERVENTION(S) Cryopreserved human ovarian tissue was grafted into oophorectomized SCID mice. The mice were divided into three groups: Group A received hMG alone every 2 days for a maximum of 24 weeks; group B additionally received nRH agonist (GnRHa) every 4 weeks; and group C was an untreated control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Follicular density, morphology, proliferation, oocyte maturation, malignant cell contamination. RESULT(S) Follicle survival and development were similar in all three groups. No significant interactions between the stimulation protocols and grafting duration were noted. Three MII oocytes were observed in grafted follicles. Two MII oocytes were harvested without stimulation. None of the mice showed signs of reintroduced malignancy, nor did microscopic evaluation of the grafts raise any suspicion of residual malignant disease. CONCLUSION(S) After xenotransplantation, human primordial follicles can be matured to MII oocytes even without stimulation. Administering human gonadotropin and GnRHa does not enhance the developmental capacity of xenografted oocytes. The optimal stimulation schedule for grafted tissue remains unknown.
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Van Langendonckt A, Romeu L, Ambroise J, Amorim C, Bearzatto B, Gala JL, Donnez J, Dolmans MM. Gene expression in human ovarian tissue after xenografting. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:514-25. [PMID: 24586055 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cryobanking and transplantation of ovarian tissue is a promising approach to restore fertility in cancer patients. However, ischemic stress following avascular ovarian cortex grafting is known to induce stromal tissue fibrosis and alterations in follicular development. The aim of the study was to analyze the impact of freeze-thawing and grafting procedures on gene expression in human ovarian tissue. Frozen-thawed ovarian tissue from 14 patients was xenografted for 7 days to nude mice and one ungrafted fragment was used as a control. Immediately after recovery, grafts were processed for RNA extraction and histological analysis. Their expression profile was screened by whole-genome oligonucleotide array (n = 4) and validated by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain analysis (n = 10). After data filtering, the Limma package was used to build a linear regression model for each gene and to compute its fold change between tissues on Days 0 and 7. After adjusting the P-value by the Sidak method, 84 of the transcripts were significantly altered after 7 days of grafting, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -14 and angiogenic factors such as placental growth factor and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Major biological processes were related to tissue remodeling, including secretory processes, cellular adhesion and response to chemical and hormonal stimuli. Angiopoietin signaling, the interleukin-8 pathway and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor activation were shown to be differentially regulated. On Day 7, overexpression was confirmed by PCR for interleukin-8, transforming growth factor-beta 1, matrix metalloproteinase-14 and CXCR4, compared with ungrafted controls. In conclusion, new as well as known genes involved in tissue restructuring and angiogenesis were identified and found to play a key role during the first days after human ovarian tissue transplantation. This will facilitate the development of strategies to optimize grafting techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Van Langendonckt
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - L Romeu
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Ambroise
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - C Amorim
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Bearzatto
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J L Gala
- Centre de Technologies Moléculaires Appliquées, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - J Donnez
- Société de Recherche pour l'Infertilité (SRI), B-1150 Brussels, Belgium
| | - M M Dolmans
- Pôle de Recherche en Gynécologie, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
In women, ∼10% of cancers occur in those <45 years old. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation can cure >90% of girls and young women with diseases that require such treatments. However, these treatments can result in premature ovarian failure, depending on the follicular reserve, the age of the patient and the type and dose of drugs used. This article discusses the different fertility preservation strategies: medical therapy before chemotherapy; ovarian transposition; embryo cryopreservation; oocyte vitrification; and ovarian tissue cryopreservation. The indications, results and risks of these options are discussed. Whether medical therapy should be used to protect the gonads during chemotherapy remains a source of debate. Fertility preservation needs to be completed before chemotherapy and/or irradiation is started and might take 2-3 weeks with established techniques such as embryo or oocyte cryopreservation. Further studies are needed in patients with cancer to confirm the excellent outcomes obtained in patients without cancer or in egg donation programmes. For prepubertal girls or cases where immediate therapy is required, cryopreservation of ovarian tissue is the only available option. Finally, possible future approaches are reviewed, including in vitro maturation of nonantral follicles, the artificial ovary, oogonial stem cells and drugs to prevent follicle loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacques Donnez
- Société de Recherche pour l'Infertilité, Avenue Grandchamp, 143, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium
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Abstract
We reviewed the studies about fertility-sparing in young patient presenting a benign ovarian tumor. It appears that more than the histologic nature of the ovarian cysts, it is the surgical treatment of the cyst which may decrease fertility. Some good practice of surgical procedures must be kept in mind when one manages a benign ovarian tumor in a young patient wishing to preserve her fertility: surgery should be avoided as much as possible; kystectomy is better than oophorectomy; no radical surgery should be done without pathological certitudes; electrocoagulation must be avoided on the cyst walls. In some situations, fertility is specially endangered: bilateral ovarian cysts, recurrence or strong probability of recurrence (endometriomas), poor ovarian reserve (previous chemo- or radiotherapy, age>35, premature ovarian failure). In these situations, a pre-operative assessment of the ovarian reserve could be useful. Beside the surgical 'good procedures', gamete cryopreservation procedures could be used. Cryopreservation of mature oocytes (after ovarian hyperstimulation) or in vitro mature oocytes (after antral follicle retrieval) can be proposed. Ovarian tissue cryopreservation is another option. Oocyte (or embryos) cryopreservation can be proposed before or after the surgery. The global management of benign ovarian tumors in young patients should be decided between surgeons and specialists in reproductive biology.
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Torino F, Barnabei A, De Vecchis L, Sini V, Schittulli F, Marchetti P, Corsello SM. Chemotherapy-induced ovarian toxicity in patients affected by endocrine-responsive early breast cancer. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2013; 89:27-42. [PMID: 23953684 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2013.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 06/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytotoxic chemotherapy may variably affect ovarian function depending on age and ovarian reserve at diagnosis, type of chemotherapy and use of tamoxifen. Ascertaining whether a premenopausal patient with endocrine-responsive early breast cancer and chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea has reached menopause is essential not only in order to provide accurate information on residual fertility, but also to appropriately prescribe endocrine therapy. Indeed, aromatase inhibitors are contraindicated in women with residual ovarian reserve. However, the diagnosis of menopause in patients with chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea is challenging, since clinical features, follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels may be inaccurate to this aim. Recent studies demonstrated that the anti-müllerian hormone may improve the assessment of ovarian reserve residual to chemotherapy in women with early breast cancer. Herein, we review the incidence of amenorrhea and menopause induced by cytotoxic chemotherapy in women affected by early breast cancer and the suggested mechanisms that sustain these side-effects. Furthermore, it has been scrutinized the potential of new markers of ovarian reserve that may facilitate the selection of appropriate endocrine treatment for premenopausal women who develop amenorrhea following adjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Torino
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Barnabei
- Endocrinology Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Liana De Vecchis
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Medical Oncology, Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sini
- Surgical and Medical Department of Clinical Sciences, Biomedical Technologies and Translational Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Marchetti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Medical Oncology Division, Sant'Andrea Hospital, "Sapienza" University of Rome and IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Gadducci A, Tana R, Sergiampietri C, Guiggi I. Fertility outcome of breast cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma female survivors: a growing clinical challenge for gynecologists and oncologists. Gynecol Endocrinol 2013; 29:729-34. [PMID: 23751054 DOI: 10.3109/09513590.2013.797402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of taking into consideration future fertility in young women with breast cancer and Hodgkin's lymphoma [HL] will become more and more common and represent a growing clinical challenge for gynecologists and oncologists. The present paper will review literature data on the attempts of preventing chemotherapy-induced ovarian damage in these women and on their fertility outcome. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone [Gn-RH] agonists have been widely investigated as agents able to prevent ovarian failure in animal models and in humans. The majority of the studies on women with breast cancer and HL have shown a protective effect of Gn-RH agonists. A recent meta-analysis of five randomized trials, including 528 premenopausal breast cancer patients, revealed that relative risk [RR] of developing premature ovarian failure within one year was 0.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.21-0.75) for the women who received Gn-RH agonists with chemotherapy compared to those who received chemotherapy alone. However, the concurrent administration of Gn-RH agonists during chemotherapy appeared to have no effect on spontaneous pregnancy rates. Limited information are available about pregnancies in breast cancer and HL survivors, but the current literature appears to show no apparent increase in pregnancy complications, spontaneous abortions, or congenital abnormalities compared to general obstetric population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angiolo Gadducci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pisa, Italy.
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Bastings L, Beerendonk CCM, Westphal JR, Massuger LFAG, Kaal SEJ, van Leeuwen FE, Braat DDM, Peek R. Autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue in cancer survivors and the risk of reintroducing malignancy: a systematic review. Hum Reprod Update 2013; 19:483-506. [PMID: 23817363 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmt020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of recurrent oncological disease due to the reintroduction of cancer cells via autotransplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue is unknown. METHODS A systematic review of literature derived from MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Library was conducted. Studies on follow-up after autotransplantation; detection of cancer cells in ovarian tissue from oncological patients by histology, polymerase chain reaction or xenotransplantation; and epidemiological data on ovarian metastases were included. RESULTS A total of 289 studies were included. Metastases were repeatedly detected in ovarian tissue obtained for cryopreservation purposes from patients with leukaemia, as well as in one patient with Ewing sarcoma. No metastases were detected in ovarian tissue from lymphoma and breast cancer patients who had their ovarian tissue cryopreserved. Clinical studies indicated that one should be concerned about autotransplantation safety in patients with colorectal, gastric and endometrial cancer. For patients with low-stage cervical carcinoma, clinical data were relatively reassuring, but studies focused on the detection of metastases were scarce. Oncological recurrence has been described in one survivor of cervical cancer and one survivor of breast cancer who had their ovarian tissue autotransplanted, although these recurrences may not be related to the transplantation. CONCLUSIONS It is advisable to refrain from ovarian tissue autotransplantation in survivors of leukaemia. With survivors of all other malignancies, current knowledge regarding the safety of autotransplantation should be discussed. The most reassuring data regarding autotransplantation safety were found for lymphoma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bastings
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (791), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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Donnez J, Dolmans MM, Pellicer A, Diaz-Garcia C, Sanchez Serrano M, Schmidt KT, Ernst E, Luyckx V, Andersen CY. Restoration of ovarian activity and pregnancy after transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue: a review of 60 cases of reimplantation. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1503-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 331] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2013] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Risk of transferring malignant cells with transplanted frozen-thawed ovarian tissue. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1514-22. [PMID: 23541406 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 03/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian tissue cryopreservation and transplantation is a real option to preserve and restore fertility in young cancer patients. However, there is a concern regarding the possible presence of malignant cells in the ovarian tissue, which could lead to recurrence of the primary disease after reimplantation. A review of the existing literature was done to evaluate the risk of transplanting malignant cells in case of the main malignant indications for ovarian tissue cryopreservation. For ovarian tissue from patients with hematologic malignancies, it is of paramount importance to identify minimal residual disease before ovarian tissue transplantation. Indeed, these pathologies, reviewed here in detail, are considered to be most at risk of ovarian metastasis.
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Wong M, O'Neill S, Walsh G, Smith I. Goserelin with chemotherapy to preserve ovarian function in pre-menopausal women with early breast cancer: menstruation and pregnancy outcomes. Ann Oncol 2013; 24:133-8. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mds250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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