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Ou N, Wang Y, Xu S, Luo J, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Shi X, Xiong M, Zhao L, Ji Z, Zhang Y, Zhao J, Bai H, Tian R, Li P, Zhi E, Huang Y, Chen W, Wang R, Jin Y, Wang D, Li Z, Chen H, Yao C. Primate-Specific DAZ Regulates Translation of Cell Proliferation-Related mRNAs and is Essential for Maintenance of Spermatogonia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400692. [PMID: 38783578 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Primate-specific DAZ (deleted in azoospermia) has evolved in the azoospermia factor c (AZFc) locus on the Y chromosome. Loss of DAZ is associated with azoospermia in patients with deletion of the AZFc region (AZFc_del). However, the molecular mechanisms of DAZ in spermatogenesis remain uncertain. In this study, the molecular mechanism of DAZ is identified, which is unknown since it is identified 40 years ago because of the lack of a suitable model. Using clinical samples and cell models, it is shown that DAZ plays an important role in spermatogenesis and that loss of DAZ is associated with defective proliferation of c-KIT-positive spermatogonia in patients with AZFc_del. Mechanistically, it is shown that knockdown of DAZ significantly downregulated global translation and subsequently decreased cell proliferation. Furthermore, DAZ interacted with PABPC1 via the DAZ repeat domain to regulate global translation. DAZ targeted mRNAs that are involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle phase transition. These findings indicate that DAZ is a master translational regulator and essential for the maintenance of spermatogonia. Loss of DAZ may result in defective proliferation of c-KIT-positive spermatogonia and spermatogenic failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjing Ou
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
- Department of Urology, Department of Interventional Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yuci Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jiaqiang Luo
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chenwang Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yangyi Zhang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Shi
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Minggang Xiong
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- Department of Urology, Department of Interventional Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519000, China
| | - Zhiyong Ji
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jingpeng Zhao
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Haowei Bai
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruhui Tian
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Erlei Zhi
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuhua Huang
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Yuxuan Jin
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Human Cell Biology and Genetics, Joint Laboratory of Guangdong & Hong Kong Universities for Vascular Homeostasis and Diseases, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518000, China
| | - Chencheng Yao
- Department of Andrology, Center for Men's Health, Urologic Medical Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
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Xie S, Ma Y, Liu Y, Tao D, Wang Z, Yang Y. Primary azoospermia factor C duplication associated with spermatogenic impariment: a case-control study based on Y-chromosome haplogrouping in a Han Chinese population. Andrology 2024; 12:561-569. [PMID: 37594248 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azoospermia factor C (AZFc) in the male-specific region of Y-chromosome (MSY) presents wide structure variation mainly due to frequent non-allele homologous recombination, leading to significant copy number variation of the AZFc-linked coding sequences involving in spermatogenesis. A large number of studies had been conducted to investigate the association between AZFc deletions and male infertility in certain Y chromosome genetic backgrounds, however, the influence of primary AZFc duplication on spermatogenesis remained controversial and the cause of the discrepant outcomes is unknown. METHODS In the present study, a total of 1,102 unrelated Han Chinese males without any detectable AZF deletions were recruited from 2014 to 2019, including 411 controls with normozoospermia and 691 patients with idiopathic spermatogenic failure. Using multiple paralog ratio tests (PRTs), the structure duplications were classified by the copy number of the AZFc-linked amplicons and genes. The Y-chromosome haplogroup (Y-hg) was categorized by genetyping of MSY-linked polymorphism loci. The association of primary AZFc duplication with spermatogenic phenotype was investigated in males with the same Y-hg. RESULTS Within Y-hg O3* group, the frequency of the gr/gr duplication in patients is significantly higher than that of controls (P = 1.29×10-3 , odds ratio (OR) 7.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.79-32.57). Moreover, Y-hg O3* males with the gr/gr duplication presented a significantly lower sperm production compared with non-AZFc duplicated ones (sperm concentration: P = 1.46×10-3 ; total sperm count: P = 1.82 ×10-3 ). The b2/b3 duplication were identified clustered in Y-hg Cα2*, and the significant difference in the distribution was not observed between patients with spermatogenic failure and controls. CONCLUSION The results suggest that, in the Han Chinese population, the gr/gr duplication is a predisposing genetic factor for spermatogenic impairment in males harboring Y-hg O3* . Meanwhile, the b2/b3 duplication may be fixed on a yet-unidentified subbranch of Y-hg Cα2* without significantly deleterious effect on spermatogenesis. Our findings provide evidence that the difference in the Y-hg composition may cause the discrepancy on the association of AZFc duplication with spermatogenic failure among the studied populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Xie
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongyi Ma
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Precision Medicine Center, Precision Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunqiang Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dachang Tao
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhaokun Wang
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Department of Medical Genetics, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China School of medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Krausz C, Navarro-Costa P, Wilke M, Tüttelmann F. EAA/EMQN best practice guidelines for molecular diagnosis of Y-chromosomal microdeletions: State of the art 2023. Andrology 2024; 12:487-504. [PMID: 37674303 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Testing for AZoospermia Factor (AZF) deletions of the Y chromosome is a key component of the diagnostic workup of azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic men. This revision of the 2013 European Academy of Andrology (EAA) and EMQN CIC (previously known as the European Molecular Genetics Quality Network) laboratory guidelines summarizes recent clinically relevant advances and provides an update on the results of the external quality assessment program jointly offered by both organizations. A basic multiplex PCR reaction followed by a deletion extension analysis remains the gold-standard methodology to detect and correctly interpret AZF deletions. Recent data have led to an update of the sY84 reverse primer sequence, as well as to a refinement of what were previously considered as interchangeable border markers for AZFa and AZFb deletion breakpoints. More specifically, sY83 and sY143 are no longer recommended for the deletion extension analysis, leaving sY1064 and sY1192, respectively, as first-choice markers. Despite the transition, currently underway in several countries, toward a diagnosis based on certified kits, it should be noted that many of these commercial products are not recommended due to an unnecessarily high number of tested markers, and none of those currently available are, to the best of our knowledge, in accordance with the new first-choice markers for the deletion extension analysis. The gr/gr partial AZFc deletion remains a population-specific risk factor for impaired sperm production and a predisposing factor for testicular germ cell tumors. Testing for this deletion type is, as before, left at the discretion of the diagnostic labs and referring clinicians. Annual participation in an external quality control program is strongly encouraged, as the 22-year experience of the EMQN/EAA scheme clearly demonstrates a steep decline in diagnostic errors and an improvement in reporting practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Krausz
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, University Hospital Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Paulo Navarro-Costa
- EvoReproMed Lab, Environmental Health Institute (ISAMB), Associate Laboratory TERRA, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Gulbenkian Science Institute, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Martina Wilke
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Tüttelmann
- Institute of Reproductive Genetics, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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Lucotte EA, Guðmundsdóttir VB, Jensen JM, Skov L, Macià MC, Almstrup K, Schierup MH, Helgason A, Stefansson K. Characterizing the evolution and phenotypic impact of ampliconic Y chromosome regions. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3990. [PMID: 37414752 PMCID: PMC10326017 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39644-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A major part of the human Y chromosome consists of palindromes with multiple copies of genes primarily expressed in testis, many of which have been claimed to affect male fertility. Here we examine copy number variation in these palindromes based on whole genome sequence data from 11,527 Icelandic men. Using a subset of 7947 men grouped into 1449 patrilineal genealogies, we infer 57 large scale de novo copy number mutations affecting palindrome 1. This corresponds to a mutation rate of 2.34 × 10-3 mutations per meiosis, which is 4.1 times larger than our phylogenetic estimate of the mutation rate (5.72 × 10-4), suggesting that de novo mutations on the Y are lost faster than expected under neutral evolution. Although simulations indicate a selection coefficient of 1.8% against non-reference copy number carriers, we do not observe differences in fertility among sequenced men associated with their copy number genotype, but we lack statistical power to detect differences resulting from weak negative selection. We also perform association testing of a diverse set of 341 traits to palindromic copy number without any significant associations. We conclude that large-scale palindrome copy number variation on the Y chromosome has little impact on human phenotype diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise A Lucotte
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark.
- Ecologie Systematique et Evolution, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Valdís Björt Guðmundsdóttir
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jacob M Jensen
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Laurits Skov
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Moisès Coll Macià
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Kristian Almstrup
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel H Schierup
- Bioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, Dk-8000, Aarhus C., Denmark
| | - Agnar Helgason
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., 101, Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Department of Anthropology, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Chen Y, Liu X, Zhang L, Zhu F, Yan L, Tang W, Zhang Z, Liu Q, Jiang H, Qiao J. Deciphering the Molecular Characteristics of Human Idiopathic Nonobstructive Azoospermia from the Perspective of Germ Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023:e2206852. [PMID: 37083227 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202206852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is one of the most important causes of male infertility, accounting for 10-15% of infertile men worldwide. Among these, more than 70% of cases are idiopathic NOA (iNOA), whose pathogenesis and molecular basis remain unknown. This work profiles 3696 human testicular single-cell transcriptomes from 17 iNOA patients, which are classified into four classes with different arrest periods and variable cell proportions based on the gene expression patterns and pathological features. Genes related to the cell cycle, energy production, and gamete generation show obvious abnormalities in iNOA germ cells. This work identifies several candidate causal genes for iNOA, including CD164, LELP1, and TEX38, which are significantly downregulated in iNOA germ cells. Notably, CD164 knockdown promotes apoptosis in spermatogonia. Cellular communications between spermatogonial stem cells and Sertoli cells are disturbed in iNOA patients. Moreover, BOD1L2, C1orf194, and KRTCAP2 are found to indicate testicular spermatogenic capacity in a variety of testicular diseases, such as Y-chromosome microdeletions and Klinefelter syndrome. In general, this study analyzes the pathogenesis of iNOA from the perspective of germ cell development, transcription factor (TF) regulatory networks, as well as germ cell and somatic cell interactions, which provides new ideas for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidong Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xixi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feiyin Zhu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liying Yan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenhao Tang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, 100191, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Beijing, 100871, China
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Micro-TESE strategy in patients with NOA caused by AZFc deletion: synchronous or asynchronous? ZYGOTE 2023; 31:25-30. [PMID: 36205231 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199422000466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In the treatment of infertile patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) caused by the deletion of the azoospermia factor c region (AZFc) on the Y chromosome, synchronous and asynchronous surgical strategies are discussed. Clinical data from NOA patients with the AZFc deletion who underwent micro-TESE were analyzed retrospectively. The sperm retrieval rate (SRR) and sperm utilization rate of synchronous and asynchronous operation groups were followed up and compared. The fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, and cumulative live birth rate of ICSI in patients with successful sperm retrieval were compared between the two groups. The two groups had sperm utilization rates of 98.9% (93/94) and 50.0% (14/28), respectively. The asynchronous group's sperm consumption rates were much lower than those of the synchronous operation group. Fertilization rate, high-quality embryo rate, clinical pregnancy rate of fresh transfer cycle, abortion rate, and cumulative live birth rate of patients in the synchronous operation group with fresh sperm, and the asynchronous operation group with thawed sperm, respectively, were 30.6% vs 33.8%, 33.8% vs 40.7%, 40.0% vs 12.5%, 30.4% vs 7.1%. Between the two groups, there was no significant difference. This suggests that individuals with NOA caused by the AZFc deletion have a high possibility of successfully acquiring sperm using micro-TESE and ICSI to conceive their own offspring. Synchronous micro-TESE is recommended to improve sperm utilization rate and the cumulative live birth rate.
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7
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Ge W, Xiao L, Duan H, Zhao X, Li J, Hu J. Proteomic analysis of iTRAQ in melatonin-treated sheep epididymal epithelial cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:1406-1417. [PMID: 35881670 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During maturation, spermatozoa acquire motility and fertilizing capacity as they transit through the epididymis. Melatonin is a lipophilic hormone with multiple functions in regulating the fertility. Previous studies have shown that melatonin affected the capacitation or maturation of sperm in the epididymis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin on epididymal caput epithelial cells in sheep. In the study, we used iTRAQ labelling coupled with LC-MS/MS for quantitative identification of differentially expressed proteins in melatonin-treated sheep epididymal caput epithelial cells. We identified 69 differentially expressed protein; 41 were upregulated and 28 were downregulated in samples from sheep in melatonin treated. We validated the differential expression of a subset of these proteins using qPCR and Western blot. Gene ontology annotation identified that the differentially expressed proteins function in cellular processes and metabolic processes. Notably, five of the differentially expressed proteins as SOD1, COL1A1, PRM1, NQO2, and FN1 are involved in sperm migration and sperm maturation. KEGG enrichment analysis demonstrated significant enrichment in several cardiac-related pathways, such as "PI3K-Akt signaling pathway", "AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications", "ECM-receptor interaction", and "Ribosome". Our results suggest that candidate biomarker (SOD1, COL1A1, PRM1, NQO2, and FN1) discovery can aid in understanding sperm development and maturation in sheep. These results provide insights into the potential mechanisms of melatonin regulation of sperm maturation in epididymal caput epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Ge
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Longfei Xiao
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hongwei Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingxu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Lab of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Key Lab of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Science of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Junjie Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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8
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Xu Y, Pang Q. Repetitive DNA Sequences in the Human Y Chromosome and Male Infertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:831338. [PMID: 35912115 PMCID: PMC9326358 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.831338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The male-specific Y chromosome, which is well known for its diverse and complex repetitive sequences, has different sizes, genome structures, contents and evolutionary trajectories from other chromosomes and is of great significance for testis development and function. The large number of repetitive sequences and palindrome structure of the Y chromosome play an important role in maintaining the stability of male sex determining genes, although they can also cause non-allelic homologous recombination within the chromosome. Deletion of certain Y chromosome sequences will lead to spermatogenesis disorders and male infertility. And Y chromosome genes are also involved in the occurrence of reproductive system cancers and can increase the susceptibility of other tumors. In addition, the Y chromosome has very special value in the personal identification and parentage testing of male-related cases in forensic medicine because of its unique paternal genetic characteristics. In view of the extremely high frequency and complexity of gene rearrangements and the limitations of sequencing technology, the analysis of Y chromosome sequences and the study of Y-gene function still have many unsolved problems. This article will introduce the structure and repetitive sequence of the Y chromosome, summarize the correlation between Y chromosome various sequence deletions and male infertility for understanding the repetitive sequence of Y chromosome more systematically, in order to provide research motivation for further explore of the molecules mechanism of Y-deletion and male infertility and theoretical foundations for the transformation of basic research into applications in clinical medicine and forensic medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Jining NO 1 People’s Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Qianqian Pang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- *Correspondence: Qianqian Pang,
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9
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Chernykh VB, Ryzhkova OP, Kuznetsova IA, Kazaryan MS, Sorokina TM, Kurilo LF, Schagina OA, Polyakov AV. Deletions in AZFc Region of Y Chromosome in Russian Fertile Men. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422070043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Sudhakar DVS, Shah R, Gajbhiye RK. Genetics of Male Infertility - Present and Future: A Narrative Review. J Hum Reprod Sci 2021; 14:217-227. [PMID: 34759610 PMCID: PMC8527069 DOI: 10.4103/jhrs.jhrs_115_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility affects 8%–12% of couples worldwide with a male factor contributing to nearly 50% of couples either as a primary or contributing cause. Several genetic factors that include single-gene and multiple-gene defects associated with male infertility were reported in the past two decades. However, the etiology remains ambiguous in a majority of infertile men (~40%). The objective of this narrative review is to provide an update on the genetic factors associated with idiopathic male infertility and male reproductive system abnormalities identified in the last two decades. We performed a thorough literature search in online databases from January 2000 to July 2021. We observed a total of 13 genes associated with nonobstructive azoospermia due to maturation/meiotic arrest. Several studies that reported novel genes associated with multiple morphological abnormalities of the sperm flagella are also discussed in this review. ADGRG2, PANK2, SCNN1B, and CA12 genes are observed in non-CFTR-related vas aplasia. The genomic analysis should be quickly implemented in clinical practice as the detection of gene abnormalities in different male infertility phenotypes will facilitate genetic counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Digumarthi V S Sudhakar
- Department of Gamete Immunobiology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul K Gajbhiye
- Clinical Research Lab and Andrology Clinic, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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11
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Iijima M, Shigehara K, Igarashi H, Kyono K, Suzuki Y, Tsuji Y, Kobori Y, Kobayashi H, Mizokami A. Y chromosome microdeletion screening using a new molecular diagnostic method in 1030 Japanese males with infertility. Asian J Androl 2021; 22:368-371. [PMID: 31603142 PMCID: PMC7406102 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_97_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The azoospermia factor (AZF) region is important for spermatogenesis, and deletions within these regions are a common cause of oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Although several studies have reported this cause, the present research, to the best of our knowledge, is the first large-scale study assessing this factor in Japan. In this study, 1030 male patients with infertility who were examined for Y chromosome microdeletion using the polymerase chain reaction-reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-rSSO) method, a newly developed method for Y chromosome microdeletion screening, were included. The study enrolled 250 patients with severe oligospermia and 717 patients with azoospermia. Among the 1030 patients, 4, 4, 10, and 52 had AZFa, AZFb, AZFb+c, and AZFc deletions, respectively. The sperm recovery rate (SRR) of microdissection testicular sperm extraction in patients with AZFc deletions was significantly higher than that in those without AZF deletions (60.0% vs 28.7%, P = 0.04). In patients with gr/gr deletion, SRR was 18.7%, which was lower than that in those without gr/gr deletion, but was not statistically significant. In conclusion, our study showed that the frequency of Y chromosome microdeletion in male patients in Japan was similar to that reported in patients from other countries, and SRR was higher in patients with AZFc deletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Iijima
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Shigehara
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | | | - Koichi Kyono
- Kyono ART Clinic, Takanawa, Tokyo 108-0074, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suzuki
- Suzuki Lady's Hospital, Kanazawa 921-8033, Japan
| | - Yuji Tsuji
- Ebisu Tsuji Clinic, Tokyo 150-0021, Japan.,Tenjin Tsuji Clinic, Fukuoka 810-0001, Japan
| | - Yoshitomo Kobori
- Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital, Saitama 343-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo 143-8541, Japan
| | - Atsushi Mizokami
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
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12
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Punjani N, Kang C, Schlegel PN. Clinical implications of Y chromosome microdeletions among infertile men. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 34:101471. [PMID: 33214080 DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2020.101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Male factor infertility contributes significantly to couples facing difficulty achieving a pregnancy. Genetic factors, and specifically those related to the Y chromosome, may occur in up to 15% of men with oligozoospermia or azoospermia. A subset of loci within the Y chromosome, known as the azoospermia factors (AZFa, AZFb, and AZFc), have been associated with male infertility. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that microdeletions of at least a subset of these regions may also have impacts on systemic conditions. This review provides a brief review of male infertility and the structure of the Y chromosome, and further highlights the role of Y chromosome microdeletions in male infertility and other systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Punjani
- Division of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Caroline Kang
- Division of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Peter N Schlegel
- Division of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Zhang S, Xu L, Yu M, Zhang J. Hypomethylation of the DAZ3 promoter in idiopathic asthenospermia: a screening tool for liquid biopsy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17996. [PMID: 33093613 PMCID: PMC7581813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the role of the deleted in azoospermia gene in male infertility, whether the somatic deleted in azoospermia methylation status is associated with idiopathic asthenospermia should be determined. To investigate the methylation levels of the deleted in azoospermia promoter in peripheral white blood cells from idiopathic asthenospermia patients relative to those in normozoospermia controls, 61 ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid anticoagulant blood samples were drawn from all participants for DNA isolation. The deleted in azoospermia promoter methylation ratio was detected by MassARRAY-based methylation quantification and confirmed by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. A MassARRAY-based methylation analysis showed that the deleted in azoospermia 3 promoter (0 to − 2 kbp) was significantly hypomethylated in peripheral white blood cells from idiopathic asthenospermia males, specifically one CpG site (− 246 to − 247). Quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction data further confirmed that the methylation level of the deleted in azoospermia 3 promoter region in idiopathic asthenospermia patients was significantly lower than that in normozoospermia males. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve determined by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was 0.737 (95% confidence interval: 0.552 to 0.924), with a sensitivity of 53.9% and a specificity of 88.2% at a cut-off level of 74.7%. Therefore, our results suggested that methylation ratio detection of the deleted in azoospermia 3 promoter region by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay is a promising and feasible tool for liquid biopsy in the clinical laboratories. The methylation status of other reported infertility-related genes should also be investigated in peripheral white blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichang Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Li Xu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Mengyao Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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14
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Differences in DYF387S1 copy number distribution among haplogroups caused by haplogroup-specific ancestral Y-chromosome mutations. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2020; 48:102315. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Kamiński P, Baszyński J, Jerzak I, Kavanagh BP, Nowacka-Chiari E, Polanin M, Szymański M, Woźniak A, Kozera W. External and Genetic Conditions Determining Male Infertility. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21155274. [PMID: 32722328 PMCID: PMC7432692 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We explain environmental and genetic factors determining male genetic conditions and infertility and evaluate the significance of environmental stressors in shaping defensive responses, which is used in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. This is done through the impact of external and internal stressors and their instability on sperm parameters and their contribution to immunogenetic disorders and hazardous DNA mutations. As chemical compounds and physical factors play an important role in the induction of immunogenetic disorders and affect the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic responses, causing oxidative stress, and leading to apoptosis, they downgrade semen quality. These factors are closely connected with male reproductive potential since genetic polymorphisms and mutations in chromosomes 7, X, and Y critically impact on spermatogenesis. Microdeletions in the Azoospermic Factor AZF region directly cause defective sperm production. Among mutations in chromosome 7, impairments in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator CFTR gene are destructive for fertility in cystic fibrosis, when spermatic ducts undergo complete obstruction. This problem was not previously analyzed in such a form. Alongside karyotype abnormalities AZF microdeletions are the reason of spermatogenic failure. Amongst AZF genes, the deleted in azoospermia DAZ gene family is reported as most frequently deleted AZF. Screening of AZF microdeletions is useful in explaining idiopathic cases of male infertility as well as in genetic consulting prior to assisted reproduction. Based on the current state of research we answer the following questions: (1) How do environmental stressors lessen the quality of sperm and reduce male fertility; (2) which chemical elements induce oxidative stress and immunogenetic changes in the male reproductive system; (3) how do polymorphisms correlate with changes in reproductive potential and pro-antioxidative mechanisms as markers of pathophysiological disturbances of the male reproductive condition; (4) how do environmental stressors of immunogenetic disorders accompany male infertility and responses; and (5) what is the distribution and prevalence of environmental and genetic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kamiński
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafran St. 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Jędrzej Baszyński
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, M. Skłodowska-Curie St. 9, PL 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Izabela Jerzak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Collegium Medicum, University of Zielona Góra, Zyta St. 28, PL 65-046 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Brendan P. Kavanagh
- RCSI Biology, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, Ireland;
| | - Ewa Nowacka-Chiari
- Department of Sport Promotion, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Zielona Góra, Prof. Szafran St. 1, PL 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Mateusz Polanin
- Karol Marcinkowski University Hospital in Zielona Góra, Zyta St. 26, PL 65-045 Zielona Góra, Poland;
| | - Marek Szymański
- Female Pathology and Oncological Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ujejski St. 75, PL 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
- NZOZ Medical Center Co. Prof. dr. hab. med. Wiesław Szymański, Dr. hab. med. Marek Szymański, Waleniowa St. 24, PL 85-435 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Alina Woźniak
- Department of Medical Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Karłowicz St. 24, PL 85-092 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Wojciech Kozera
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology in Bydgoszcz, Seminaryjna St. 5, PL 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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16
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Andreassi MG, Borghini A, Vecoli C, Piccaluga E, Guagliumi G, Del Greco M, Gaita F, Picano E. Reproductive outcomes and Y chromosome instability in radiation-exposed male workers in cardiac catheterization laboratory. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:361-368. [PMID: 31605552 DOI: 10.1002/em.22341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Occupational radiation exposure may impact the reproductive outcome of male workers in the cardiac catheterization laboratory (cath Lab) who receive a dose of ~1-10 mSv/year. An increased copy number variation (CNV) in azoospermia factor region c (AZFc) of the Y chromosome is a marker of spermatogenic failure, previously associated with radiation exposure. This study sought to investigate the association between paternal exposure in the Cath Lab and adverse reproductive outcomes as well as to assess the induction of CNV in the AZFc region. In a case-control study, we enrolled 193 catheterization lab workers (Group I) and 164 age-matched unexposed controls (Group II). Reproductive outcomes were assessed through a structured questionnaire. Two sequence-tagged sites (SY1197 and SY579) in AZFc region were evaluated by qRT-PCR in 83 exposed and 47 unexposed subjects. Exposed workers had a higher prevalence of low birth weight in offspring (Group I = 13% vs. II = 5.3%, P = 0.02; ORadjusted = 2.7; 95% CI: 1.1-6.3; P = 0.02). The mean of CNV (microdeletion and microduplication) for SY1197 was significantly higher in the exposed workers (Group I = 1.53 ± 0.85 vs. Group II = 1.02 ± 0.41; P = 0.0005). Despite the study design limitations, our findings show that chronic occupational radiation exposure of male workers is correlated with higher prevalence of low birth weight in offspring and instability in the Y chromosome AZFc region. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 61:361-368, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Giulio Guagliumi
- Cardiovascular Department, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | | | - Fiorenzo Gaita
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Science, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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17
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Huang IS, Fantus RJ, Chen WJ, Wren J, Kao WT, Huang EYH, Bennett NE, Brannigan RE, Huang WJ. Do partial AZFc deletions affect the sperm retrieval rate in non-mosaic Klinefelter patients undergoing microdissection testicular sperm extraction? BMC Urol 2020; 20:21. [PMID: 32103742 PMCID: PMC7045574 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00587-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prognostic factors for sperm retrieval and determine if Y chromosome deletion is associated with deleterious effects on spermatogenesis in non-mosaic Klinefelter patients. Whether Y chromosome deletion determines the sperm retrieval rate in non-mosaic Klinefelter patients has not yet been addressed. METHODS We retrospectively collected medical records of azoospermic patients from Sep 2009 to Dec 2018, and enrolled 66 non-mosaic 47, XXY patients who were receiving mTESE. The predictive values of patients age, serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, prolactin, estradiol and Y chromosome deletion were assessed for successful sperm recovery. RESULTS Testicular sperm recovery was successful in 24 (36.4%) of 66 men. The mean age (36.0 vs. 36.6 years), and levels of FSH (30.0 vs 36.9 IU/L), LH (17.7 vs 21.9 IU/L), testosterone (2.4 vs. 2.1 ng/ml), prolactin (9.1 vs. 8.8 ng/ml), and estradiol (19.4 vs. 22.3 pg/ml) did not show any significant difference when comparing patients with and without successful sperm retrieval. Partial deletion of azoospermic factor c (AZFc) was noted in 5 (20.8%) of 24 patients with successful sperm retrieval, including three b2/b3 and two gr/gr deletion cases, whereas 4 (9.5%) of 42 patients with unsuccessful sperm retrieval were noted to have AZFc partial deletion (one b2/b3, one sY1206 and two gr/gr deletion), though the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.27). CONCLUSION According to present results, age and AZFc partial deletion status should not be a deterrent for azoospermic males with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome to undergo mTESE.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Shen Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No 201, Section 2, Shipai Rd, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Richard J Fantus
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No 201, Section 2, Shipai Rd, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - James Wren
- Division of Male Reproductive Surgery and Men's Health, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, NMH/Arkes Family Pavilion Suite 2300, 676 N Saint Clair, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Wei-Tang Kao
- Department of Urology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, No.291, Zhongzheng Rd., Zhonghe District, New Taipei City, 23561, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Eric Yi-Hsiu Huang
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No 201, Section 2, Shipai Rd, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nelson E Bennett
- Division of Male Reproductive Surgery and Men's Health, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, NMH/Arkes Family Pavilion Suite 2300, 676 N Saint Clair, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Robert E Brannigan
- Division of Male Reproductive Surgery and Men's Health, Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, NMH/Arkes Family Pavilion Suite 2300, 676 N Saint Clair, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - William J Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Urology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, No 201, Section 2, Shipai Rd, Taipei, 112, Taiwan, Republic of China. .,Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shu-Tien Urological Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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18
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Liu C, Zhao X, Mu C, Li H, Ma J, Jiao H, Huo Z. The Association of Partial Azoospermia Factor C Deletions and Male Infertility in Northwestern China. Hum Hered 2019; 84:144-150. [PMID: 31805572 DOI: 10.1159/000504607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male infertility is a major health issue worldwide. Y chromosome microdeletions are well-characterized genetic causes of male infertility. The association of partial AZFc deletions (gr/gr, b2/b3, and b1/b3) with male infertility is not well confirmed in diverse populations. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the frequency of partial AZFc deletions and their association with male infertility in a population from Northwestern China. METHODS Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to detect partial AZFc deletions in 228 infertile patients. We analyzed 141 cases of azoospermia (AS), 87 cases of oligozoospermia (OS), and 200 fertile controls. RESULTS Our data showed that the frequency of a b2/b3 deletion in infertile men, men with AS, men with OS, and controls was 3.51, 2.13, 5.75, and 0.00%, respectively. The frequency of this deletion was significantly different between the infertile group and the control group (3.51 vs. 0.00%, respectively, p = 0.021) and between the OS group and the control group (5.75 vs. 0.00%, respectively, p = 0.003). The frequency of a gr/gr deletion in each group was 11.84, 9.22, 16.09, and 7.50%, respectively. The frequency of a gr/gr deletion was significantly different between the OS group and the control group (16.09 vs. 7.50%, respectively, p = 0.026) but not between the infertile group and the control group (11.84 vs. 7.50%, p = 0.132) or the AS group and the control group (9.22 vs. 7.50%, p = 0.569). The frequency of a b1/b3 deletion was 0.44, 0.71, 0.00, and 3.00%, respectively. For this deletion, there was no significant difference between the infertile (0.44 vs. 3.00%, p = 0.089), AS (0.71 vs. 3.00%, p = 0.276), and OS groups (0.00 vs. 3.00%, p = 0.236) and the control group. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the b2/b3 deletion might be associated with male infertility and that the gr/gr deletion might be associated with spermatogenic failure in men with OS in Northwestern China (Ningxia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xinyan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Chunlan Mu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jia Ma
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Haiyan Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China, .,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China, .,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China,
| | - Zhenghao Huo
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.,Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Yinchuan, China.,Department of Medical Genetic and Cell Biology, Basic Medicine Science College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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19
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Akbarzadeh Khiavi M, Jalili A, Safary A, Gharedaghchi Z, Mirinezhad SK, Mehdizadeh A, Rahmani SA. Karyotypic abnormalities and molecular analysis of Y chromosome microdeletion in Iranian Azeri Turkish population infertile men. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2019; 66:140-146. [PMID: 31687839 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2019.1682083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Infertility is one of the major health-threatening problems in communities which may lead to psychological problems among couples. Y chromosome abnormalities and microdeletions have recently been considered as one of the male infertility factors. The aim of this study was to evaluate different chromosomal disorders and azoospermia factor b (AZFb), AZFc and AZFd microdeletions in idiopathic non-obstructive oligo or azoospermia infertile men. One hundred infertile (78 azoospermia and 22 oligospermia) and 100 fertile men were included in this study. Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels were evaluated by electrochemiluminescence. Karyotyping was performed according to standard methods and interpreted using the International System for Human Cytogenetic Nomenclature (ISHCN) recommendation. For Y chromosome microdeletion analysis, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using STS primers. Higher FSH (24.32 ± 15.32 versus 8.02 ± 3.37, p < 0.0001) and LH (14.97 ± 8.26 versus 5.42 ± 2.73, p < 0.0001) were observed in infertile patients compared to their fertile counterpart. Additionally, 14% of infertile patients exhibited abnormal karyotype. The frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions in azoospermic and oligospermic patients was 32.05% (25/78) and 0% (0/22), respectively. Additionally, in azoospermic patients, the highest microdeletion frequency was related to the AZFc region (80%). Our data indicate the presence of chromosomal changes in the most infertile men, suggesting karyotype and molecular analysis of Y chromosome microdeletions for genetic counseling before assisted reproduction.Abbreviations: ART: assisted reproductive technology; AZF: azoospermia factor; DAZ: deleted in azoospermia; FCS: fetal calf serum; FSH: follicle stimulating hormone; LH: luteinizing hormone; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; SRY: sex-determining region Y; STS: sequence-tagged sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Akbarzadeh Khiavi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Akbar Jalili
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Basic Science, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
| | - Azam Safary
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Connective Tissue Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ziba Gharedaghchi
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyed Kazem Mirinezhad
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Comprehensive Health Lab, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Rahmani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Genetics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Islamic Republic of Iran
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20
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Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial pathological condition affecting approximately 7% of the male population. The genetic landscape of male infertility is highly complex as semen and testis histological phenotypes are extremely heterogeneous, and at least 2,000 genes are involved in spermatogenesis. The highest frequency of known genetic factors contributing to male infertility (25%) is in azoospermia, but the number of identified genetic anomalies in other semen and aetiological categories is constantly growing. Genetic screening is relevant for its diagnostic value, clinical decision making, and appropriate genetic counselling. Anomalies in sex chromosomes have major roles in severe spermatogenic impairment. Autosome-linked gene mutations are mainly involved in central hypogonadism, monomorphic teratozoospermia or asthenozoospermia, congenital obstructive azoospermia, and familial cases of quantitative spermatogenic disturbances. Results from whole-genome association studies suggest a marginal role for common variants as causative factors; however, some of these variants can be important for pharmacogenetic purposes. Results of studies on copy number variations (CNVs) demonstrate a considerably higher CNV load in infertile patients than in normozoospermic men, whereas whole-exome analysis has proved to be a highly successful diagnostic tool in familial cases of male infertility. Despite such efforts, the aetiology of infertility remains unknown in about 40% of patients, and the discovery of novel genetic factors in idiopathic infertility is a major challenge for the field of androgenetics. Large, international, and consortium-based whole-exome and whole-genome studies are the most promising approach for the discovery of the missing genetic aetiology of idiopathic male infertility.
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Kuzmanovska M, Noveski P, Terzic M, Plaseski T, Kubelka-Sabit K, Filipovski V, Lazarevski S, Sukarova Stefanovska E, Plaseska-Karanfilska D. Y-chromosome haplogroup architecture confers susceptibility to azoospermia factor c microrearrangements: a retrospective study. Croat Med J 2019. [PMID: 31187956 PMCID: PMC6563173 DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2019.60.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the association between azoospermia factor c microrearrangements and semen quality, and between Y-chromosome background with distinct azoospermia factor c microrearrangements and semen quality impairment. Methods This retrospective study, carried out in the Research Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology “Georgi D. Efremov,” involved 486 men from different ethnic backgrounds referred for couple infertility from 2002-2017: 338 were azoospermic/oligozoospermic and 148 were normozoospermic. The azoospermia factor c microrearrangements were analyzed with sequence tagged site and sequence family variant markers, quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction, and multiplex ligation probe amplification analysis. The Y-haplogroups of all participants were determined with direct single nucleotide polymorphism typing and indirect prediction with short tandem repeat markers. Results Our participants had two types of microdeletions: gr/gr and b2/b3; three microduplications: b2/b4, gr/gr, and b2/b3; and one complex rearrangement gr/gr deletion + b2/b4 duplication. Impaired semen quality was not associated with microrearrangements, but b2/b4 and gr/gr duplications were significantly associated with haplogroup R1a (P < 0.001 and P = 0.003, respectively) and b2/b3 deletions with haplogroup E (P = 0.005). There were significantly more b2/b4 duplication carriers in Albanians than in Macedonians with haplogroup R1a (P = 0.031). Conclusion Even though azoospermia factor c partial deletions/duplications and Y-haplogroups were not associated with impaired semen quality, specific deletions/duplications were significantly associated with distinct haplogroups, implying that the Y chromosome background may confer susceptibility to azoospermia factor c microrearrangements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska
- Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Research Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology "Georgi D. Efremov", Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, North Macedonia,
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22
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Pinho A, Barros A, Fernandes S. Clinical and molecular characterization of Y microdeletions and X-linked CNV67 implications in male fertility: a 20-year experience. Andrology 2019; 8:307-314. [PMID: 31355535 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately 15% of couples worldwide are affected with infertility, attributed to a male co-factor in about half of the cases. Y chromosome microdeletions are the second most common genetic cause for male infertility, with a global prevalence of 2-10% in infertile men. Recently, CNV67, localized in X chromosome, has emerged as potential contributor to male infertility, with a described frequency of 1.1% in the oligo/azoospermic men. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of Y-linked CNVs in a cohort of Portuguese infertile men and correlate the patients' phenotypes with a genetic alteration; to investigate the CNV67 deletion in a subset of patients and corroborate the role of this CNV in male infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analysed a database of 4000 Portuguese infertile men for karyotype anomalies and Y microdeletions and selected a cohort of 400 for CNV67 screening analysis by quantitative PCR or single PCR plus/minus. RESULTS Karyotype anomalies were present in 263 patients (6.6%), with Klinefelter syndrome representing the most frequent karyotype anomaly (2.8%). Among the 4000 patients, the prevalence of Yq microdeletions was 4.6%. Ninety microdeletions (10.0%) were found in the azoospermic group, 44 deletions (4.5%) in the severe oligozoospermic group, 1 AZFc partial deletion (0.3%) in the mild-moderate oligozoospermic group and 2 partial AZFc deletions (0.4%) in the normozoospermic group. Complete AZFc deletions represented 56.8% of the Yq microdeletions. The CNV67 deletion frequency was 1.2% in the studied sample. CONCLUSIONS This study presents one of the largest samples of infertile men worldwide with the main purpose of correlating the Yq microdeletions with sperm count. Our findings are supported by previous reviews with large data and provide a reliable estimation of the prevalence of these anomalies in a Portuguese population. CNV67 was exclusively deleted in patients with spermatogenic impairment, showing a consistent genotype-phenotype correlation and a significant prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pinho
- Genetic Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Barros
- Genetic Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Centre for Reproductive Genetics A Barros, Porto, Portugal
| | - S Fernandes
- Genetic Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,I3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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23
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Colaco S, Modi D. Consequences of Y chromosome microdeletions beyond male infertility. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:1329-1337. [PMID: 31214882 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01492-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The human Y chromosome plays a central role in sex determination and spermatogenesis. The azoospermia factor (AZF) loci on the Y chromosome contain genes that were thought to be testis specific with their deletions leading to spermatogenic failure. However, beyond the testis, the AZF genes (mainly those in AZFa and AZFb loci) are widely expressed in multiple tissues. Further, these genes are predicted to play roles in processes such as gene regulation and protein synthesis. These observations suggest that the AZF genes may have functions beyond regulation of fertility. RESULTS Three major areas have emerged where alternations in AZF genes have effects beyond infertility. (1) Poor-quality embryos are generated in assisted reproduction when sperm from men harboring Y chromosome microdeletions are used, (2) a higher preponderance of neuropsychiatry disorders is observed in men with deletions in AZF genes, and (3) copy number variations and altered expression of AZF genes are found in several cancers. CONCLUSION While our data is preliminary and observational in nature, systematic studies are required to address how genetic alterations in the Y chromosome can affect the health of men beyond infertility. This information will provide a different perspective in the area of androgenetics and have implications in devising strategies for maintaining the overall well-being of infertile males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Colaco
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India.
| | - Deepak Modi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India.
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24
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Liang AJ, Wang GS, Ping P, Hu SG, Lin Y, Ma Y, Duan ZZ, Wang HS, Sun F. The expression of the new epididymal luminal protein of PDZ domain containing 1 is decreased in asthenozoospermia. Asian J Androl 2019; 20:154-159. [PMID: 29405165 PMCID: PMC5858100 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_65_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa are not mature until they transit the epididymis where they acquire motility and the ability to fertilize an egg through sequential modifications. The epididymis has three functional regions, caput, corpus, and cauda, and the luminal proteins of the epididymis play important roles in the above modifications. However, the proteins with differential enrichment between the caput and cauda are still largely unknown. To reveal the functions of the caput and cauda during sperm maturation, luminal proteins from caput and cauda of mice were analyzed by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). Overall, 128 differentially enriched proteins were found, of which 46 were caput enriched and 82 were cauda enriched. Bioinformatic analysis showed that lipid metabolism was active in the caput; while anion- and cation-binding activity and phosphorus and organophosphate metabolism were active in the cauda. A new epididymal luminal protein, the caput-enriched PDZ domain containing 1 (Pdzk1), also named Na+/H+ exchange regulatory cofactor 3 (NHERF3), which plays a critical role in cholesterol metabolism and carnitine transport, was found in the lipid metabolism. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analyses showed that Pdzk1 was expressed in the epididymis but not in the testis, and localized at the middle piece of the sperm tail. Pdzk1 protein level was also reduced in the spermatozoa in case of asthenozoospermic patients compared with that in normozoospermic men, suggesting that Pdzk1 may participate in sperm maturation regulation and may be associated with male infertility. These results may provide new insights into the mechanisms of sperm maturation and male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-Juan Liang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Gui-Shuan Wang
- Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ping Ping
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shuang-Gang Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Yu Lin
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200135, China
| | - Zheng-Zheng Duan
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Han-Shu Wang
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fei Sun
- International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.,Medical School, Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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25
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Rani DS, Rajender S, Pavani K, Chaubey G, Rasalkar AA, Gupta NJ, Deendayal M, Chakravarty B, Thangaraj K. High frequencies of Non Allelic Homologous Recombination (NAHR) events at the AZF loci and male infertility risk in Indian men. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6276. [PMID: 31000748 PMCID: PMC6472346 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42690-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deletions in the AZoospermia Factor (AZF) regions (spermatogenesis loci) on the human Y chromosome are reported as one of the most common causes of severe testiculopathy and spermatogenic defects leading to male infertility, yet not much data is available for Indian infertile men. Therefore, we screened for AZF region deletions in 973 infertile men consisting of 771 azoospermia, 105 oligozoospermia and 97 oligoteratozoospermia cases, along with 587 fertile normozoospermic men. The deletion screening was carried out using AZF-specific markers: STSs (Sequence Tagged Sites), SNVs (Single Nucleotide Variations), PCR-RFLP (Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism) analysis of STS amplicons, DNA sequencing and Southern hybridization techniques. Our study revealed deletion events in a total of 29.4% of infertile Indian men. Of these, non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) events accounted for 25.8%, which included 3.5% AZFb deletions, 2.3% AZFbc deletions, 6.9% complete AZFc deletions, and 13.1% partial AZFc deletions. We observed 3.2% AZFa deletions and a rare long AZFabc region deletion in 0.5% azoospermic men. This study illustrates how the ethnicity, endogamy and long-time geographical isolation of Indian populations might have played a major role in the high frequencies of deletion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Selvi Rani
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Kadupu Pavani
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Nalini J Gupta
- Institute of Reproductive Medicine, Salt Lake, Kolkata, India
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26
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Chen Y, Li X, Liao H, Leung X, He J, Wang X, Li F, Yue H, Xu W. CFTR mutation compromises spermatogenesis by enhancing miR-15b maturation and suppressing its regulatory target CDC25A†. Biol Reprod 2019; 101:50-62. [PMID: 30985893 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been shown to be important for spermatogenesis; both DROSHA and Dicer1 KO mice exhibit infertility due to abnormal miRNA expression. However, the roles of individual miRNAs in spermatogenesis remain elusive. Here we demonstrated that miR-15b, a member of the miR-15/16 family, is primarily expressed in testis. A miR-15b transgenic mouse model was constructed to investigate the role of miR-15b in spermatogenesis. Impaired spermatogenesis was observed in miR-15b transgenic mice, suggesting that appropriate expression of miR-15b is vital for spermatogenesis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-15b reduced CDC25A gene post-transcriptional activity by targeting the 3′-UTR region of CDC25A, thus regulating spermatogenesis. In vitro results further demonstrated that a mutation in CFTR could affect the interaction between Ago2 with Dicer1 and that Dicer1 activity regulates miR-15b expression. We extended our study to azoospermia patients and found that infertile patients have a significantly higher level of miR-15b in semen and plasma samples. Taken together, we propose that CFTR regulation of miR-15b could be involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of CDC25A in mammalian testis and that miR-15b is important for spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Li
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Huijuan Liao
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Leung
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Epithelial Cell Biology Research Center, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jiabei He
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Fuping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanxun Yue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Human Sperm Bank, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenming Xu
- Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, SCU-CUHK, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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Hu CY, Lu DL, Wu T, Cheng SL, Wu TT, Wang S, Zhang T. Glutathione-S-transferases M1/T1 gene polymorphisms and male infertility risk in Chinese populations: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14166. [PMID: 30732132 PMCID: PMC6380701 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A meta-analysis was applied to evaluate the associations between the glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) M1/T1 gene polymorphisms and male infertility in Chinese populations. METHODS A comprehensive search for articles was conducted from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China biology medical literature database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, and Chinese literature database(Wang fang) up to April 30, 2018. All of the statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 14.0. RESULTS Ten studies on GSTM1 gene polymorphism involving 3302 cases and 1959 controls, and ten studies on GSTT1 gene polymorphism involving 3048 cases and 1861 controls were included in this meta-analysis. Overall, the null genotype of GSTM1/GSTT1 was significantly related to male infertility risk in Chinese populations (GSTM1, OR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.02-1.78; GSTT1, OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.15-1.70). In subgroup analyses stratified by infertility type, significant association was observed between GSTT1 null genotype and male infertility in both nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) and oligoasthenozoospermia (OAT). However, the GSTM1 null genotype was associated with OAT, but not NOA in Chinese populations. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the reliability and stability of the meta-analysis. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis supports that the GSTM1/GSTT1 null genotype might contribute to individual susceptibility to male infertility in Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Yan Hu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
| | - Dong-Liang Lu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
| | - Shu-Lin Cheng
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
| | - Tian-tian Wu
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong
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Cioppi F, Casamonti E, Krausz C. Age-Dependent De Novo Mutations During Spermatogenesis and Their Consequences. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1166:29-46. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-21664-1_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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29
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Pan Y, Li LL, Yu Y, Jiang YT, Yang X, Zhang HG, Liu RZ, Wang RX. Natural Transmission of b2/b3 Subdeletion or Duplication to Expanded Y Chromosome Microdeletions. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6559-6563. [PMID: 30226219 PMCID: PMC6157087 DOI: 10.12659/msm.911644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Y chromosome microdeletions are usually de novo mutations, but in several cases, transmission from fertile fathers to infertile sons has been reported. Material/Methods We report 3 cases of infertile patients who inherited expanded Y chromosome microdeletions from their fathers, who carried b2/b3 subdeletion or duplication. The karyotype was analyzed using G-banding. High-throughput sequencing was used to detect AZF region microdeletions. Results Cytogenetic analysis showed a normal karyotype 46,XY in patient 1 (P1), patient 2 (P2), and their fathers (F1 and F2). Patient 3 (P3) and his father (F3) presented a karyotype of 46,XY,Yqh-. High-throughput sequencing for the AZF disclosed an identical b2/b3 subdeletion in the F1 and F2. P1 had an AZFc deletion that accounted for 3.5 Mb, and P2 had an AZFa+b+c microdeletion that accounted for 10.5 Mb. F3 had a b2/b3 duplication of 1.8Mb, but P3 had an AZFb+c deletion of 6.2 Mb. Conclusions Our findings suggest that b2/b3 partial deletion or duplication can lead to structural instability in the Y chromosome and be a risk factor of complete deletion of AZFc or more expanded deletion during transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Pan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Lei-Lei Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Yang Yu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Yu-Ting Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Xiao Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Hong-Guo Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Rui-Zhi Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
| | - Rui-Xue Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine and Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland).,Jilin Engineering Research Center for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China (mainland)
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Larmuseau MHD, Ottoni C. Mediterranean Y-chromosome 2.0-why the Y in the Mediterranean is still relevant in the postgenomic era. Ann Hum Biol 2018; 45:20-33. [PMID: 29382278 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2017.1402956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Due to its unique paternal inheritance, the Y-chromosome has been a highly popular marker among population geneticists for over two decades. Recently, the advent of cost-effective genome-wide methods has unlocked information-rich autosomal genomic data, paving the way to the postgenomic era. This seems to have announced the decreasing popularity of investigating Y-chromosome variation, which provides only the paternal perspective of human ancestries and is strongly influenced by genetic drift and social behaviour. OBJECTIVE For this special issue on population genetics of the Mediterranean, the aim was to demonstrate that the Y-chromosome still provides important insights in the postgenomic era and in a time when ancient genomes are becoming exponentially available. METHODS A systematic literature search on Y-chromosomal studies in the Mediterranean was performed. RESULTS Several applications of Y-chromosomal analysis with future opportunities are formulated and illustrated with studies on Mediterranean populations. CONCLUSIONS There will be no reduced interest in Y-chromosomal studies going from reconstruction of male-specific demographic events to ancient DNA applications, surname history and population-wide estimations of extra-pair paternity rates. Moreover, more initiatives are required to collect population genetic data of Y-chromosomal markers for forensic research, and to include Y-chromosomal data in GWAS investigations and studies on male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten H D Larmuseau
- a KU Leuven, Forensic Biomedical Sciences , Department of Imaging & Pathology , Leuven , Belgium.,b KU Leuven, Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution , Department of Biology , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Claudio Ottoni
- c Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biosciences , University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway
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Sabbaghian M, Mohseni Meybodi A, Rafaee A, Saba S, Zamanian M, Sadighi Gilani MA. Sperm retrieval rate and reproductive outcome of infertile men with azoospermia factor c deletion. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13052. [PMID: 29920741 DOI: 10.1111/and.13052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the success rate in sperm retrieval (SR) through microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) in infertile azoospermia factor c (AZFc)-deleted men and determining their reproductive outcomes following ICSI, medical records of couples with AZFc-deleted male partners were reviewed on patient's age, serum hormone levels, karyotype, testicular pathology and pregnancy outcomes. A comparison on age and serum hormone level was conducted between groups with positive and negative sperm retrieval in both azoospermic and oligozoospermic AZFc-deleted men. Of 225 who had AZFc deletion, 195 cases followed clinical treatments. From 195 cases, 116 were azoospermic, 79 were oligozoospermic. Pathology profile was available in 103 of 195 subjects which the predominant trait was SCOS and was seen in 66.9% of cases (69 of 103). Success rate of sperm retrieval in azoospermic patients who underwent micro-TESE was 36.3% (28/77). Forty-three oligozoospermic and 17 azoospermic patients started ART cycle. Pregnancy rate in oligozoospermic group was 35.4% (17 cases), whilst there was no clinical pregnancy in azoospermic group. In conclusion, the pregnancy and delivery in oligozoospermic patients with AZFc deletion are comparable with other studies, but despite of sperm retrieval in azoospermic patients with AZFc deletion, the chance of pregnancy or delivery in these patients was very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Sabbaghian
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anahita Mohseni Meybodi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alemeh Rafaee
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Saba
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zamanian
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Urology, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ye D, Zaidi AA, Tomaszkiewicz M, Anthony K, Liebowitz C, DeGiorgio M, Shriver MD, Makova KD. High Levels of Copy Number Variation of Ampliconic Genes across Major Human Y Haplogroups. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:1333-1350. [PMID: 29718380 PMCID: PMC6007357 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evy086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Because of its highly repetitive nature, the human male-specific Y chromosome remains understudied. It is important to investigate variation on the Y chromosome to understand its evolution and contribution to phenotypic variation, including infertility. Approximately 20% of the human Y chromosome consists of ampliconic regions which include nine multi-copy gene families. These gene families are expressed exclusively in testes and usually implicated in spermatogenesis. Here, to gain a better understanding of the role of the Y chromosome in human evolution and in determining sexually dimorphic traits, we studied ampliconic gene copy number variation in 100 males representing ten major Y haplogroups world-wide. Copy number was estimated with droplet digital PCR. In contrast to low nucleotide diversity observed on the Y in previous studies, here we show that ampliconic gene copy number diversity is very high. A total of 98 copy-number-based haplotypes were observed among 100 individuals, and haplotypes were sometimes shared by males from very different haplogroups, suggesting homoplasies. The resulting haplotypes did not cluster according to major Y haplogroups. Overall, only two gene families (RBMY and TSPY) showed significant differences in copy number among major Y haplogroups, and the haplogroup of a male could not be predicted based on his ampliconic gene copy numbers. Finally, we did not find significant correlations either between copy number variation and individual's height, or between the former and facial masculinity/femininity. Our results suggest rapid evolution of ampliconic gene copy numbers on the human Y, and we discuss its causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danling Ye
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Arslan A Zaidi
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | | | - Kate Anthony
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Corey Liebowitz
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Michael DeGiorgio
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Mark D Shriver
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
| | - Kateryna D Makova
- Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
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Colaco S, Modi D. Genetics of the human Y chromosome and its association with male infertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:14. [PMID: 29454353 PMCID: PMC5816366 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0330-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The human Y chromosome harbors genes that are responsible for testis development and also for initiation and maintenance of spermatogenesis in adulthood. The long arm of the Y chromosome (Yq) contains many ampliconic and palindromic sequences making it predisposed to self-recombination during spermatogenesis and hence susceptible to intra-chromosomal deletions. Such deletions lead to copy number variation in genes of the Y chromosome resulting in male infertility. Three common Yq deletions that recur in infertile males are termed as AZF (Azoospermia Factor) microdeletions viz. AZFa, AZFb and AZFc. As estimated from data of nearly 40,000 Y chromosomes, the global prevalence of Yq microdeletions is 7.5% in infertile males; however the European infertile men are less susceptible to Yq microdeletions, the highest prevalence is in Americans and East Asian infertile men. In addition, partial deletions of the AZFc locus have been associated with infertility but the effect seems to be ethnicity dependent. Analysis of > 17,000 Y chromosomes from fertile and infertile men has revealed an association of gr/gr deletion with male infertility in Caucasians and Mongolian men, while the b2/b3 deletion is associated with male infertility in African and Dravidian men. Clinically, the screening for Yq microdeletions would aid the clinician in determining the cause of male infertility and decide a rational management strategy for the patient. As these deletions are transmitted to 100% of male offspring born through assisted reproduction, testing of Yq deletions will allow the couples to make an informed choice regarding the perpetuation of male infertility in future generations. With the emerging data on association of Yq deletions with testicular cancers and neuropsychiatric conditions long term follow-up data is urgently needed for infertile men harboring Yq deletions. If found so, the information will change the current the perspective of androgenetics from infertility and might have broad implication in men health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Colaco
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India
| | - Deepak Modi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400012, India.
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Hu W, Chen M, Ji J, Qin Y, Zhang F, Xu M, Wu W, Du G, Wu D, Han X, Jin L, Xia Y, Lu C, Wang X. Interaction between Y chromosome haplogroup O3 * and 4-n-octylphenol exposure reduces the susceptibility to spermatogenic impairment in Han Chinese. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:450-455. [PMID: 28667856 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Certain genetic background (mainly Y chromosome haplogroups, Y-hg) may modify the susceptibility of certain environmental exposure to some diseases. Compared with respective main effects of genetic background or environmental exposure, interactions between them reflect more realistic combined effects on the susceptibility to a disease. To identify the interactions on spermatogenic impairment, we performed Y chromosome haplotyping and measurement of 9 urinary phenols concentrations in 774 infertile males and 520 healthy controls in a Han Chinese population, and likelihood ratio tests were used to examine the interactions between Y-hgs and phenols. Originally, we observed that Y-hg C and Y-hg F* might modify the susceptibility to male infertility with urinary 4-n-octylphenol (4-n-OP) level (Pinter = 0.005 and 0.019, respectively). Subsequently, based on our results, two panels were tested to identify the possible protective sub-branches of Y-hg F* to 4-n-OP exposure, and Y-hg O3* was uncovered to interact with 4-n-OP (Pinter = 0.019). In conclusion, while 4-n-OP shows an adverse effect on spermatogenesis, Y-hg O3* makes individuals more adaptive to such an effect for maintaining basic reproductive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyue Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miaofei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiumei Han
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Jin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology and State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yankai Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xinru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Jiang Z, Wang Y, Lin J, Xu J, Ding G, Huang H. Genetic and epigenetic risks of assisted reproduction. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2017; 44:90-104. [PMID: 28844405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is used primarily for infertility treatments to achieve pregnancy and involves procedures such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and cryopreservation. Moreover, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) of ART is used in couples for genetic reasons. In ART treatments, gametes and zygotes are exposed to a series of non-physiological processes and culture media. Although the majority of children born with this treatment are healthy, some concerns remain regarding the safety of this technology. Animal studies and follow-up studies of ART-borne children suggested that ART was associated with an increased incidence of genetic, physical, or developmental abnormalities, although there are also observations that contradict these findings. As IVF, ICSI, frozen-thawed embryo transfer, and PGD manipulate gametes and embryo at a time that is important for reprogramming, they may affect epigenetic stability, leading to gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases. In fact, ART offspring have been reported to have an increased risk of gamete/embryo origins of adult diseases, such as early-onset diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and so on. In this review, we will discuss evidence related to genetic, especially epigenetic, risks of assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziru Jiang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinyu Wang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lin
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guolian Ding
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hefeng Huang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Embryo-Fetal Original Adult Disease, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li Y, Zhao Q, Liu H. Microdeletions at DYS448 and DYS387S1 associate with increased risk of male infertility. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2017; 63:318-323. [PMID: 28481628 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2017.1321698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility affects many people of reproductive age. Diagnosis and therapies based on descriptive semen parameters have helped some of the infertility patients; however, further progress in reproductive therapy demands a better understanding of the molecular and genetic causes for male infertility. Although Y chromosome microdeletions have been a hot subject of genetic studies on male infertility, the relationship between male infertility and microdeletions at Y chromosome loci DYS448, DYS387, and DYS627 remains unclear. Here we analyzed the microdeletions at these three loci in 200 infertility male patients and 200 healthy subjects and showed that microdeletions at DYS448 and DYS387 correlate with male infertility. Our results suggest that genetic analyses of Y chromosome loci DYS448 and DYS387 can be genetic markers for reproductive diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Li
- a Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Zhengzhou , Henan Province , China
| | - Qiurong Zhao
- b Zhengzhou Shen You Biological Technology Co. Ltd ., Zhengzhou , Henan Province , China
| | - Hai Liu
- c The Institute of Forensic Science and Technology, Henan Provincial Public Security Bureau , Zhengzhou , Henan Province , China
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Sung SR, Song SH, Kang KM, Park JE, Nam YJ, Shin YJ, Cha DH, Seo JT, Yoon TK, Shim SH. Sequence variations of the EGR4 gene in Korean men with spermatogenesis impairment. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:47. [PMID: 28464846 PMCID: PMC5414287 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0408-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Egr4 is expressed in primary and secondary spermatocytes in adult mouse testes and has a crucial role in regulating germ cell maturation. The functional loss of Egr4 blocks spermatogenesis, significantly reducing the number of spermatozoa that are produced. In this study, we examined whether EGR4 variants are present in Korean men with impaired spermatogenesis. Methods A total 170 Korean men with impaired spermatogenesis and 272 normal controls were screened. The coding regions including exon-intron boundaries of EGR4 were sequenced by PCR-direct sequencing method. Results We identified eight sequence variations in the coding region and 3′-UTR regions of the EGR4 gene. Four were nonsynonymous variants (rs771189047, rs561568849, rs763487015, and rs546250227), three were synonymous variants (rs115948271, rs528939702, and rs7558708), and one variant (rs2229294) was localized in the 3′-UTR. Three nonsynonymous variants [c.65_66InsG (p. Cys23Leufs*37), c.236C > T (p. Pro79Leu), c.1294G > T (p. Val432Leu)] and one synonymous variant [c.1230G > A (p. Thr410)] were not detected in controls. To evaluate the pathogenic effects of nonsynonymous variants, we used seven prediction methods. The c.214C > A (p. Arg72Ser) and c.236C > T (p. Pro79Leu) variants were predicted as “damaging” by SIFT and SNAP2. The c.65_66insG (p. Cys23Leufs*37) variants were predicted as “disease causing” by Mutation Taster, SNPs &GO and SNAP2. The c.867C > G (p. Leu289) variants were predicted as “disease causing” only by Mutation Taster. Conclusion To date, this study is the first to screen the EGR4 gene in relation to male infertility. However, our findings did not clearly explain how nonsynonymous EGR4 variations affect spermatogenesis. Therefore, further studies are required to validate the functional impact of EGR4 variations on spermatogenesis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0408-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Ra Sung
- Genetics Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hun Song
- Department of Urology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyung Min Kang
- Genetics Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Park
- Genetics Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yeo Jung Nam
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yun-Jeong Shin
- Genetics Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Cha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ju Tae Seo
- Department of Urology, Cheil General Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Ki Yoon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung Han Shim
- Genetics Laboratory, Fertility Center of CHA Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Biomedical Science, College of Life Science, CHA University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Spermatogenic failure and the Y chromosome. Hum Genet 2017; 136:637-655. [PMID: 28456834 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1793-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The Y chromosome harbors a number of genes essential for testis development and function. Its highly repetitive structure predisposes this chromosome to deletion/duplication events and is responsible for Y-linked copy-number variations (CNVs) with clinical relevance. The AZF deletions remove genes with predicted spermatogenic function en block and are the most frequent known molecular causes of impaired spermatogenesis (5-10% of azoospermic and 2-5% of severe oligozoospermic men). Testing for this deletion has both diagnostic and prognostic value for testicular sperm retrieval in azoospermic men. The most dynamic region on the Yq is the AZFc region, presenting numerous NAHR hotspots leading to partial losses or gains of the AZFc genes. The gr/gr deletion (a partial AZFc deletion) negatively affects spermatogenic efficiency and it is a validated, population-dependent risk factor for oligozoospermia. In certain populations, the Y background may play a role in the phenotypic expression of partial AZFc rearrangements and similarly it may affect the predisposition to specific deletions/duplication events. Also, the Yp contains a gene array, TSPY1, with potential effect on germ cell proliferation. Despite intensive investigations during the last 20 years on the role of this sex chromosome in spermatogenesis, a number of clinical and basic questions remain to be answered. This review is aimed at providing an overview of the role of Y chromosome-linked genes, CNVs, and Y background in spermatogenesis.
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Human Y chromosome copy number variation in the next generation sequencing era and beyond. Hum Genet 2017; 136:591-603. [PMID: 28378101 PMCID: PMC5418319 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-017-1788-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The human Y chromosome provides a fertile ground for structural rearrangements owing to its haploidy and high content of repeated sequences. The methodologies used for copy number variation (CNV) studies have developed over the years. Low-throughput techniques based on direct observation of rearrangements were developed early on, and are still used, often to complement array-based or sequencing approaches which have limited power in regions with high repeat content and specifically in the presence of long, identical repeats, such as those found in human sex chromosomes. Some specific rearrangements have been investigated for decades; because of their effects on fertility, or their outstanding evolutionary features, the interest in these has not diminished. However, following the flourishing of large-scale genomics, several studies have investigated CNVs across the whole chromosome. These studies sometimes employ data generated within large genomic projects such as the DDD study or the 1000 Genomes Project, and often survey large samples of healthy individuals without any prior selection. Novel technologies based on sequencing long molecules and combinations of technologies, promise to stimulate the study of Y-CNVs in the immediate future.
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Abstract
The azoospermia factor (AZF) region on the Y chromosome consists of genes required for spermatogenesis. Among the three subregions, the AZFc subregion located at the distal portion of AZF is the driver for genetic variation in Y chromosome. The candidate gene of AZFc is known as deleted in azoospermia gene, which is studied with interest because it is involved in germ cell development and most frequently deleted genes leading to oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Recently, two partial deletions in AZFc gr/gr and b2/b3 are characterized at the molecular level which showed homologous recombination between amplicons, affecting spermatogenesis process. There are novel methods and commercially available kits for accurate screening and characterization of microdeletions. It is important to detect the AZFc microdeletions through genetic screening and counseling those infertile men who planned to avail assisted reproduction techniques such as undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection or in vitro fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mili Nailwal
- Department of Genetics, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Jenabhai B Chauhan
- Department of Genetics, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India
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Asadi F, Sadighi Gilani MA, Ghaheri A, Roodgar Saffari J, Zamanian M. The Prevalence of Y Chromosome Microdeletions in Iranian Infertile Men with Azoospermia and Severe Oligospermia. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 19:27-33. [PMID: 28367414 PMCID: PMC5241515 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Microdeletions of the Y chromosome long arm are the most common molecular genetic causes of severe infertility in men. They affect three regions including azoospermia factors (AZFa, AZFb and AZFc), which contain various genes involved in spermatogenesis. The aim of the present study was to reveal the patterns of Y chromosome microdeletions in Iranian infertile men referred to Royan Institute with azoospermia/ severe oligospermia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Through a cross-sectional study, 1885 infertile men referred to Royan Institute with azoospermia/severe oligospermia were examined for Y chromosome microdeletions from March 2012 to March 2014. We determined microdeletions of the Y chromosome in the AZFa, AZFb and AZFc regions using multiplex Polymerase chain reaction and six different Sequence-Tagged Site (STS) markers. RESULTS Among the 1885 infertile men, we determined 99 cases of Y chromosome microdeletions (5.2%). Among 99 cases, AZFc microdeletions were found in 70 cases (70.7%); AZFb microdeletions in 5 cases (5%); and AZFa microdeletions in only 3 cases (3%). AZFbc microdeletions were detected in 18 cases (18.1%) and AZFabc microdeletions in 3 cases (3%). CONCLUSION Based on these data, our results are in agreement with similar studies from other regions of the world as well as two other recent studies from Iran which have mostly reported a frequency of less than 10% for Y chromosome microdeletions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Asadi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Ghaheri
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Roodgar Saffari
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Zamanian
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Vaszkó T, Papp J, Krausz C, Casamonti E, Géczi L, Olah E. Discrimination of Deletion and Duplication Subtypes of the Deleted in Azoospermia Gene Family in the Context of Frequent Interloci Gene Conversion. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163936. [PMID: 27723784 PMCID: PMC5056753 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its palindromic setup, AZFc (Azoospermia Factor c) region of chromosome Y is one of the most unstable regions of the human genome. It contains eight gene families expressed mainly in the testes. Several types of rearrangement resulting in changes in the cumulative copy number of the gene families were reported to be associated with diseases such as male infertility and testicular germ cell tumors. The best studied AZFc rearrangement is gr/gr deletion. Its carriers show widespread phenotypic variation from azoospermia to normospermia. This phenomenon was initially attributed to different gr/gr subtypes that would eliminate distinct members of the affected gene families. However, studies conducted to confirm this hypothesis have brought controversial results, perhaps, in part, due to the shortcomings of the utilized subtyping methodology. This proof-of-concept paper is meant to introduce here a novel method aimed at subtyping AZFc rearrangements. It is able to differentiate the partial deletion and partial duplication subtypes of the Deleted in Azoospermia (DAZ) gene family. The keystone of the method is the determination of the copy number of the gene family member-specific variant(s) in a series of sequence family variant (SFV) positions. Most importantly, we present a novel approach for the correct interpretation of the variant copy number data to determine the copy number of the individual DAZ family members in the context of frequent interloci gene conversion.Besides DAZ1/DAZ2 and DAZ3/DAZ4 deletions, not yet described rearrangements such as DAZ2/DAZ4 deletion and three duplication subtypes were also found by the utilization of the novel approach. A striking feature is the extremely high concordance among the individual data pointing to a certain type of rearrangement. In addition to being able to identify DAZ deletion subtypes more reliably than the methods used previously, this approach is the first that can discriminate DAZ duplication subtypes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Vaszkó
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - János Papp
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Csilla Krausz
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
- Andrology Service, Fundacio´ Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biome´dicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Casamonti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lajos Géczi
- Department of Chemotherapy, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edith Olah
- Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Oncology, Budapest, Hungary
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Kothandaraman N, Agarwal A, Abu-Elmagd M, Al-Qahtani MH. Pathogenic landscape of idiopathic male infertility: new insight towards its regulatory networks. NPJ Genom Med 2016; 1:16023. [PMID: 29263816 PMCID: PMC5685305 DOI: 10.1038/npjgenmed.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic male infertility (IMI) affects nearly 10-15% of men in their prime reproductive age. More than 500 target genes were postulated to be associated with this disease condition through various genomic studies. The challenge is to determine the functional role of these genes and proteins that form part of a larger network leading to pathogenesis of the IMI phenotype in humans. In the current study, we have catalogued all of the genes associated with IMI from published studies, as well as looked at reactive oxygen species and antioxidant genes, the two key physiological determinants essential for normal spermatogenesis. Any imbalance in these genes through mutation, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) or other forms could result in abnormal regulation of genes leading to infertility. SNPs catalogued in the current study, representing a third of the IMI genes, could possibly explain the various hidden factors associated with this condition. The enriched biological functions in SNPs, as well as functional analysis of IMI genes, resulted in the identification of novel gene pairs, from which we proposed new models to describe the underlying pathogenesis of this disease condition. The outcome of this study will give a new set of genes and proteins that could help explain the disease from a global perspective previously not addressed using standard approaches. Genes corresponding to proteins identified from the current study for spermatozoa and seminal plasma showed functional correlation based on their localization, which gave further confirmation of their roles in defective spermatogenesis as seen in IMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narasimhan Kothandaraman
- American Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Muhammad Abu-Elmagd
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed H Al-Qahtani
- Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Ghorbel M, Baklouti-Gargouri S, Keskes R, Chakroun N, Sellami A, Fakhfakh F, Ammar-Keskes L. gr/gr-DAZ2-DAZ4-CDY1b deletion is a high-risk factor for male infertility in Tunisian population. Gene 2016; 592:29-35. [PMID: 27457284 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2016.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The azoospermia factor c (AZFc) region harbors multi-copy genes that are expressed in the testis. Deletions of this region lead to reduced copy numbers of these genes. In this present study we aimed to determine the frequency of AZFc subdeletion in infertile and fertile men from Tunisia and to identify whether deletions of DAZ and CDY1 gene copies are deleterious on spermatogenesis and on semen quality. We studied a group of 241 infertile men and 115 fertile healthy males using a sequence tagged site (STS)±method. To gain insight into the molecular basis of the heterogeneous phenotype observed in men with the deletion we defined the type of DAZ and CDY1 genes deleted. We reported in the present study and for the first time a new type of AZFc deletion (gr/gr-DAZ2-DAZ4-CDY1b) and hypothesis that this new deletion is the result of two successive events. We also demonstrated that this deletion constitutes a relative high-risk factor for male infertility in Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myriam Ghorbel
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | | | - Rim Keskes
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nozha Chakroun
- Laboratory of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Afifa Sellami
- Laboratory of Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Faiza Fakhfakh
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Leila Ammar-Keskes
- Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Sfax, Tunisia
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Krausz C, Escamilla AR, Chianese C. Genetics of male infertility: from research to clinic. Reproduction 2016; 150:R159-74. [PMID: 26447148 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility is a multifactorial complex disease with highly heterogeneous phenotypic representation and in at least 15% of cases, this condition is related to known genetic disorders, including both chromosomal and single-gene alterations. In about 40% of primary testicular failure, the etiology remains unknown and a portion of them is likely to be caused by not yet identified genetic anomalies. During the last 10 years, the search for 'hidden' genetic factors was largely unsuccessful in identifying recurrent genetic factors with potential clinical application. The armamentarium of diagnostic tests has been implemented only by the screening for Y chromosome-linked gr/gr deletion in those populations for which consistent data with risk estimate are available. On the other hand, it is clearly demonstrated by both single nucleotide polymorphisms and comparative genomic hybridization arrays, that there is a rare variant burden (especially relevant concerning deletions) in men with impaired spermatogenesis. In the era of next generation sequencing (NGS), we expect to expand our diagnostic skills, since mutations in several hundred genes can potentially lead to infertility and each of them is likely responsible for only a small fraction of cases. In this regard, system biology, which allows revealing possible gene interactions and common biological pathways, will provide an informative tool for NGS data interpretation. Although these novel approaches will certainly help in discovering 'hidden' genetic factors, a more comprehensive picture of the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic male infertility will only be achieved by a parallel investigation of the complex world of gene environmental interaction and epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Krausz
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesCentre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy and Andrology ServiceFundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesCentre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy and Andrology ServiceFundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera Escamilla
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesCentre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy and Andrology ServiceFundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Chiara Chianese
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesCentre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy and Andrology ServiceFundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical SciencesCentre of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy and Andrology ServiceFundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Bansal SK, Gupta G, Rajender S. Y chromosome b2/b3 deletions and male infertility: A comprehensive meta-analysis, trial sequential analysis and systematic review. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 768:78-90. [PMID: 27234565 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The correlation of Y-chromosome b2/b3 partial deletions with spermatogenic failure remains dubious. We undertook a systematic review of the literature followed by meta-analyses and trial sequential analyses in order to compare the frequency of b2/b3 deletions between oligo/azoospermic infertile and normozoospermicmen. Out of twenty-four studies reviewed for meta-analysis, twenty reported no correlation between this deletion and male infertility and two studies each reported a direct and inverse correlation. In the collective analysis, 241 out of 8892 (2.71%) oligo/azoospermic individuals and 118 out of 5842 (2.02%) normozoospermic controls had a b2/b3 deletion, suggesting a relatively higher frequency of deletions in the cases. Eventually, meta-analysis showed a significant correlation between b2/b3 deletions and the risk of spermatogenic loss/infertility (Fixed model: OR=1.313, 95% CI=1.04-1.65, p=0.02; Random model: OR=1.315, 95% CI=1.02-1.70, p=0.037). Further meta-analysis on studies grouped by ethnicity and geographic regions showed that the b2/b3 deletions are significantly associated with spermatogenic loss/infertility in Mongolians, Nigro-Caucasians, East Asians and Africans, but not in Caucasians, Europeans, South Asians and Dravidians. In summary, the Y-chromosome b2/b3 deletions increase infertility risk; however, it may be significant only in the Mongolian populations and the East Asian region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Kumar Bansal
- Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, India
| | - Gopal Gupta
- Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Central Drug Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Lucknow, India.
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Novel Y-chromosomal microdeletions associated with non-obstructive azoospermia uncovered by high throughput sequencing of sequence-tagged sites (STSs). Sci Rep 2016; 6:21831. [PMID: 26907467 PMCID: PMC4764820 DOI: 10.1038/srep21831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-chromosomal microdeletion (YCM) serves as an important genetic factor in non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is routinely used to detect YCMs by tracing sequence-tagged sites (STSs) in the Y chromosome. Here we introduce a novel methodology in which we sequence 1,787 (post-filtering) STSs distributed across the entire male-specific Y chromosome (MSY) in parallel to uncover known and novel YCMs. We validated this approach with 766 Chinese men with NOA and 683 ethnically matched healthy individuals and detected 481 and 98 STSs that were deleted in the NOA and control group, representing a substantial portion of novel YCMs which significantly influenced the functions of spermatogenic genes. The NOA patients tended to carry more and rarer deletions that were enriched in nearby intragenic regions. Haplogroup O2* was revealed to be a protective lineage for NOA, in which the enrichment of b1/b3 deletion in haplogroup C was also observed. In summary, our work provides a new high-resolution portrait of deletions in the Y chromosome.
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Bansal SK, Jaiswal D, Gupta N, Singh K, Dada R, Sankhwar SN, Gupta G, Rajender S. Gr/gr deletions on Y-chromosome correlate with male infertility: an original study, meta-analyses, and trial sequential analyses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19798. [PMID: 26876364 PMCID: PMC4753437 DOI: 10.1038/srep19798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the AZFc region of the Y-chromosome for complete (b2/b4) and distinct partial deletions (gr/gr, b1/b3, b2/b3) in 822 infertile and 225 proven fertile men. We observed complete AZFc deletions in 0.97% and partial deletions in 6.20% of the cases. Among partial deletions, the frequency of gr/gr deletions was the highest (5.84%). The comparison of partial deletion data between cases and controls suggested a significant association of the gr/gr deletions with infertility (P = 0.0004); however, the other partial deletions did not correlate with infertility. In cohort analysis, men with gr/gr deletions had a relatively poor sperm count (54.20 ± 57.45 million/ml) in comparison to those without deletions (72.49 ± 60.06), though the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.071). Meta-analysis also suggested that gr/gr deletions are significantly associated with male infertility risk (OR = 1.821, 95% CI = 1.39–2.37, p = 0.000). We also performed trial sequential analyses that strengthened the evidence for an overall significant association of gr/gr deletions with the risk of male infertility. Another meta-analysis suggested a significant association of the gr/gr deletions with low sperm count. In conclusion, the gr/gr deletions show a strong correlation with male infertility risk and low sperm count, particularly in the Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepika Jaiswal
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Nishi Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Kiran Singh
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, UP, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Gopal Gupta
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Singh Rajender
- Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, UP, India
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