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Vich Vila A, Zhang J, Liu M, Faber KN, Weersma RK. Untargeted faecal metabolomics for the discovery of biomarkers and treatment targets for inflammatory bowel diseases. Gut 2024:gutjnl-2023-329969. [PMID: 39002973 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-329969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
The gut microbiome has been recognised as a key component in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and the wide range of metabolites produced by gut bacteria are an important mechanism by which the human microbiome interacts with host immunity or host metabolism. High-throughput metabolomic profiling and novel computational approaches now allow for comprehensive assessment of thousands of metabolites in diverse biomaterials, including faecal samples. Several groups of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites and bile acids, have been associated with IBD. In this Recent Advances article, we describe the contribution of metabolomics research to the field of IBD, with a focus on faecal metabolomics. We discuss the latest findings on the significance of these metabolites for IBD prognosis and therapeutic interventions and offer insights into the future directions of metabolomics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnau Vich Vila
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Genetics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jingwan Zhang
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (SAR), People's Republic of China
- Microbiota I-Center (MagIC), Hong Kong (SAR), People's Republic of China
| | - Moting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nico Faber
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rinse K Weersma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pochini L, Galluccio M, Console L, Scalise M, Eberini I, Indiveri C. Inflammation and Organic Cation Transporters Novel (OCTNs). Biomolecules 2024; 14:392. [PMID: 38672410 PMCID: PMC11048549 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a physiological condition characterized by a complex interplay between different cells handled by metabolites and specific inflammatory-related molecules. In some pathological situations, inflammation persists underlying and worsening the pathological state. Over the years, two membrane transporters namely OCTN1 (SLC22A4) and OCTN2 (SLC22A5) have been shown to play specific roles in inflammation. These transporters form the OCTN subfamily within the larger SLC22 family. The link between these proteins and inflammation has been proposed based on their link to some chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma, Crohn's disease (CD), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Moreover, the two transporters show the ability to mediate the transport of several compounds including carnitine, carnitine derivatives, acetylcholine, ergothioneine, and gut microbiota by-products, which have been specifically associated with inflammation for their anti- or proinflammatory action. Therefore, the absorption and distribution of these molecules rely on the presence of OCTN1 and OCTN2, whose expression is modulated by inflammatory cytokines and transcription factors typically activated by inflammation. In the present review, we wish to provide a state of the art on OCTN1 and OCTN2 transport function and regulation in relationships with inflammation and inflammatory diseases focusing on the metabolic signature collected in different body districts and gene polymorphisms related to inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Pochini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Galluccio
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Lara Console
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
| | - Ivano Eberini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Molecular Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Department DiBEST (Biologia, Ecologia, Scienze della Terra), University of Calabria, Via Bucci 4C, 6C, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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Jin XY, Li DD, Quan W, Chao Y, Zhang B. Leaky gut, circulating immune complexes, arthralgia, and arthritis in IBD: coincidence or inevitability? Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347901. [PMID: 38571963 PMCID: PMC10987687 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Most host-microbiota interactions occur within the intestinal barrier, which is essential for separating the intestinal epithelium from toxins, microorganisms, and antigens in the gut lumen. Gut inflammation allows pathogenic bacteria to enter the blood stream, forming immune complexes which may deposit on organs. Despite increased circulating immune complexes (CICs) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and discussions among IBD experts regarding their potential pathogenic role in extra-intestinal manifestations, this phenomenon is overlooked because definitive evidence demonstrating CIC-induced extra-intestinal manifestations in IBD animal models is lacking. However, clinical observations of elevated CICs in newly diagnosed, untreated patients with IBD have reignited research into their potential pathogenic implications. Musculoskeletal symptoms are the most prevalent extra-intestinal IBD manifestations. CICs are pivotal in various arthritis forms, including reactive, rheumatoid, and Lyme arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. Research indicates that intestinal barrier restoration during the pre-phase of arthritis could inhibit arthritis development. In the absence of animal models supporting extra-intestinal IBD manifestations, this paper aims to comprehensively explore the relationship between CICs and arthritis onset via a multifaceted analysis to offer a fresh perspective for further investigation and provide novel insights into the interplay between CICs and arthritis development in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-ya Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan-dan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Quan
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Chao
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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4
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Arehart CH, Sterrett JD, Garris RL, Quispe-Pilco RE, Gignoux CR, Evans LM, Stanislawski MA. Poly-omic risk scores predict inflammatory bowel disease diagnosis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0067723. [PMID: 38095449 PMCID: PMC10805030 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00677-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by complex etiology and a disrupted colonic ecosystem. We provide a framework for the analysis of multi-omic data, which we apply to study the gut ecosystem in IBD. Specifically, we train and validate models using data on the metagenome, metatranscriptome, virome, and metabolome from the Human Microbiome Project 2 IBD multi-omic database, with 1,785 repeated samples from 130 individuals (103 cases and 27 controls). After splitting the participants into training and testing groups, we used mixed-effects least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression to select features for each omic. These features, with demographic covariates, were used to generate separate single-omic prediction scores. All four single-omic scores were then combined into a final regression to assess the relative importance of the individual omics and the predictive benefits when considered together. We identified several species, pathways, and metabolites known to be associated with IBD risk, and we explored the connections between data sets. Individually, metabolomic and viromic scores were more predictive than metagenomics or metatranscriptomics, and when all four scores were combined, we predicted disease diagnosis with a Nagelkerke's R2 of 0.46 and an area under the curve of 0.80 (95% confidence interval: 0.63, 0.98). Our work supports that some single-omic models for complex traits are more predictive than others, that incorporating multiple omic data sets may improve prediction, and that each omic data type provides a combination of unique and redundant information. This modeling framework can be extended to other complex traits and multi-omic data sets.IMPORTANCEComplex traits are characterized by many biological and environmental factors, such that multi-omic data sets are well-positioned to help us understand their underlying etiologies. We applied a prediction framework across multiple omics (metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, and viromics) from the gut ecosystem to predict inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis. The predicted scores from our models highlighted key features and allowed us to compare the relative utility of each omic data set in single-omic versus multi-omic models. Our results emphasized the importance of metabolomics and viromics over metagenomics and metatranscriptomics for predicting IBD status. The greater predictive capability of metabolomics and viromics is likely because these omics serve as markers of lifestyle factors such as diet. This study provides a modeling framework for multi-omic data, and our results show the utility of combining multiple omic data types to disentangle complex disease etiologies and biological signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher H. Arehart
- Interdisciplinary Quantitative Biology PhD Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - John D. Sterrett
- Interdisciplinary Quantitative Biology PhD Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Rosanna L. Garris
- Interdisciplinary Quantitative Biology PhD Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Ruth E. Quispe-Pilco
- Interdisciplinary Quantitative Biology PhD Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Christopher R. Gignoux
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Luke M. Evans
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Maggie A. Stanislawski
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Zeng Z, Jiang M, Li X, Yuan J, Zhang H. Precision medicine in inflammatory bowel disease. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2023; 6:pbad033. [PMID: 38638127 PMCID: PMC11025389 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incurable disease characterized by remission-relapse cycles throughout its course. Both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), the two main forms of IBD, exhibit tendency to develop complications and substantial heterogeneity in terms of frequency and severity of relapse, thus posing great challenges to the clinical management for IBD. Current treatment strategies are effective in different ways in induction and maintenance therapies for IBD. Recent advances in studies of genetics, pharmacogenetics, proteomics and microbiome provide a strong driving force for identifying molecular markers of prognosis and treatment response, which should help clinicians manage IBD patients more effectively, and then, improve clinical outcomes and reduce treatment costs of patients. In this review, we summarize and discuss precision medicine in IBD, focusing on predictive markers of disease course and treatment response, and monitoring indices during therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingshan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Li
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Centre for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Lab of Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Fiocchi C. Omics and Multi-Omics in IBD: No Integration, No Breakthroughs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14912. [PMID: 37834360 PMCID: PMC10573814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent advent of sophisticated technologies like sequencing and mass spectroscopy platforms combined with artificial intelligence-powered analytic tools has initiated a new era of "big data" research in various complex diseases of still-undetermined cause and mechanisms. The investigation of these diseases was, until recently, limited to traditional in vitro and in vivo biological experimentation, but a clear switch to in silico methodologies is now under way. This review tries to provide a comprehensive assessment of state-of-the-art knowledge on omes, omics and multi-omics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The notion and importance of omes, omics and multi-omics in both health and complex diseases like IBD is introduced, followed by a discussion of the various omics believed to be relevant to IBD pathogenesis, and how multi-omics "big data" can generate new insights translatable into useful clinical tools in IBD such as biomarker identification, prediction of remission and relapse, response to therapy, and precision medicine. The pitfalls and limitations of current IBD multi-omics studies are critically analyzed, revealing that, regardless of the types of omes being analyzed, the majority of current reports are still based on simple associations of descriptive retrospective data from cross-sectional patient cohorts rather than more powerful longitudinally collected prospective datasets. Given this limitation, some suggestions are provided on how IBD multi-omics data may be optimized for greater clinical and therapeutic benefit. The review concludes by forecasting the upcoming incorporation of multi-omics analyses in the routine management of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA;
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Jagirdhar GSK, Perez JA, Perez AB, Surani S. Integration and implementation of precision medicine in the multifaceted inflammatory bowel disease. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5211-5225. [PMID: 37901450 PMCID: PMC10600960 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i36.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex disease with variability in genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors affecting disease presentation and course. Precision medicine has the potential to play a crucial role in managing IBD by tailoring treatment plans based on the heterogeneity of clinical and temporal variability of patients. Precision medicine is a population-based approach to managing IBD by integrating environmental, genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic factors. It is a recent and rapidly developing medicine. The widespread adoption of precision medicine worldwide has the potential to result in the early detection of diseases, optimal utilization of healthcare resources, enhanced patient outcomes, and, ultimately, improved quality of life for individuals with IBD. Though precision medicine is promising in terms of better quality of patient care, inadequacies exist in the ongoing research. There is discordance in study conduct, and data collection, utilization, interpretation, and analysis. This review aims to describe the current literature on precision medicine, its multiomics approach, and future directions for its application in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jose Andres Perez
- Department of Medicine, Saint Francis Health Systems, Tulsa, OK 74133, United States
| | - Andrea Belen Perez
- Department of Research, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, United States
| | - Salim Surani
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77413, United States
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Xu X, Ocansey DKW, Pei B, Zhang Y, Wang N, Wang Z, Mao F. Resveratrol alleviates DSS-induced IBD in mice by regulating the intestinal microbiota-macrophage-arginine metabolism axis. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:319. [PMID: 37660064 PMCID: PMC10474707 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease with a growing public health concern and is associated with a complex interplay of factors, including the microbiota and immune system. Resveratrol, a natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agent, is known to relieve IBD but the mechanism involved is largely unexplored. METHODS This study examines the modulatory effect of resveratrol on intestinal immunity, microbiota, metabolites, and related functions and pathways in the BALB/c mice model of IBD. Mouse RAW264.7 macrophage cell line was used to further explore the involvement of the macrophage-arginine metabolism axis. The treatment outcome was assessed through qRT-PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and fecal 16S rDNA sequencing and UHPLC/Q-TOF-MS. RESULTS Results showed that resveratrol treatment significantly reduced disease activity index (DAI), retained mice weight, repaired colon and spleen tissues, upregulated IL-10 and the tight junction proteins Occludin and Claudin 1, and decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Resveratrol reduced the number of dysregulated metabolites and improved the gut microbial community structure and diversity, including reversing changes in the phyla Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes, increasing 'beneficial' genera, and decreasing potential pathogens such as Lachnoclostridium, Acinobacter, and Serratia. Arginine-proline metabolism was significantly different between the colitis-treated and untreated groups. In the colon mucosa and RAW264.7 macrophage, resveratrol regulated arginine metabolism towards colon protection by increasing Arg1 and Slc6a8 and decreasing iNOS. CONCLUSION This uncovers a previously unknown mechanism of resveratrol treatment in IBD and provides the microbiota-macrophage-arginine metabolism axis as a potential therapeutic target for intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Pei
- The Affiliated Suqian First People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, 223800, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaqin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Naijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zengxu Wang
- Zhenjiang Hospital of Chinese Traditional And Western Medicine, 18 Tuanshan Road, Runzhou District, Zhenjiang, 212000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Nowak JK, Kalla R, Satsangi J. Current and emerging biomarkers for ulcerative colitis. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023; 23:1107-1119. [PMID: 37933807 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2279611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic illness requiring lifelong management that could be enhanced by personalizing care using biomarkers. AREAS COVERED The main biomarker discovery modalities are reviewed, highlighting recent results across the spectrum of applications, including diagnostics (serum anti-αvβ6 antibodies achieving an area under the curve [AUC] = 0.99; serum oncostatin M AUC = 0.94), disease activity assessment (fecal calprotectin and serum trefoil factor 3: AUC > 0.90), prognostication of the need for treatment escalation (whole blood transcriptomic panels and CLEC5A/CDH2 ratio: AUC > 0.90), prediction of treatment response, and early identification of patients with subclinical disease. The use of established biomarkers is discussed, along with new evidence regarding autoantibodies, proteins, proteomic panels, transcriptomic signatures, deoxyribonucleic acid methylation patterns, and UC-specific glycomic and metabolic disturbances. EXPERT OPINION Novel biomarkers will pave the way for optimized UC care. However, validation, simplification, and direct clinical translation of complex models may prove challenging. Currently, few candidates exist to assess key characteristics, such as UC susceptibility, histological disease activity, drug response, and long-term disease behavior. Further research will likely not only reveal new tools to tackle these issues but also contribute to understanding UC pathogenesis mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan K Nowak
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Rahul Kalla
- Medical Research Council Centre for Inflammation Research, Queens Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jack Satsangi
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Experimental Medicine Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Mu C, Zhao Q, Zhao Q, Yang L, Pang X, Liu T, Li X, Wang B, Fung SY, Cao H. Multi-omics in Crohn's disease: New insights from inside. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:3054-3072. [PMID: 37273853 PMCID: PMC10238466 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with complex clinical manifestations such as chronic diarrhea, weight loss and hematochezia. Despite the increasing incidence worldwide, cure of CD remains extremely difficult. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology with integrated-omics analyses in recent years has provided a new means for exploring the pathogenesis, mining the biomarkers and designing targeted personalized therapeutics of CD. Host genomics and epigenomics unveil heredity-related mechanisms of susceptible individuals, while microbiome and metabolomics map host-microbe interactions in CD patients. Proteomics shows great potential in searching for promising biomarkers. Nonetheless, single omics technology cannot holistically connect the mechanisms with heterogeneity of pathological behavior in CD. The rise of multi-omics analysis integrates genetic/epigenetic profiles with protein/microbial metabolite functionality, providing new hope for comprehensive and in-depth exploration of CD. Herein, we emphasized the different omics features and applications of CD and discussed the current research and limitations of multi-omics in CD. This review will update and deepen our understanding of CD from integration of broad omics spectra and will provide new evidence for targeted individualized therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Mu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianjing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Lijiao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqi Pang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomeng Li
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan-Yu Fung
- Department of Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
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Burisch J, Zhao M, Odes S, De Cruz P, Vermeire S, Bernstein CN, Kaplan GG, Duricova D, Greenberg D, Melberg HO, Watanabe M, Ahn HS, Targownik L, Pittet VEH, Annese V, Park KT, Katsanos KH, Høivik ML, Krznaric Z, Chaparro M, Loftus EV, Lakatos PL, Gisbert JP, Bemelman W, Moum B, Gearry RB, Kappelman MD, Hart A, Pierik MJ, Andrews JM, Ng SC, D'Inca R, Munkholm P. The cost of inflammatory bowel disease in high-income settings: a Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology Commission. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 8:458-492. [PMID: 36871566 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(23)00003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The cost of caring for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase worldwide. The cause is not only a steady increase in the prevalence of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis in both developed and newly industrialised countries, but also the chronic nature of the diseases, the need for long-term, often expensive treatments, the use of more intensive disease monitoring strategies, and the effect of the diseases on economic productivity. This Commission draws together a wide range of expertise to discuss the current costs of IBD care, the drivers of increasing costs, and how to deliver affordable care for IBD in the future. The key conclusions are that (1) increases in health-care costs must be evaluated against improved disease management and reductions in indirect costs, and (2) that overarching systems for data interoperability, registries, and big data approaches must be established for continuous assessment of effectiveness, costs, and the cost-effectiveness of care. International collaborations should be sought out to evaluate novel models of care (eg, value-based health care, including integrated health care, and participatory health-care models), as well as to improve the education and training of clinicians, patients, and policy makers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Burisch
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescents and Adults, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Mirabella Zhao
- Gastro Unit, Medical Division, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark; Copenhagen Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Children, Adolescents and Adults, Copenhagen University Hospital-Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Selwyn Odes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Peter De Cruz
- Department of Gastroenterology, Austin Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Austin Academic Centre, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Severine Vermeire
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Gilaad G Kaplan
- Department of Medicine and Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Dana Duricova
- IBD Clinical and Research Centre for IBD, ISCARE, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Greenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel; Guilford Glazer Faculty of Business and Management, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Hans O Melberg
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway; Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mamoru Watanabe
- Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hyeong Sik Ahn
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Laura Targownik
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Valérie E H Pittet
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Systems, Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vito Annese
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Fakeeh University Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - K T Park
- Stanford Health Care, Packard Health Alliance, Alameda, CA, USA; Genentech (Roche Group), South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Konstantinos H Katsanos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ioannina School of Health Sciences, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Marte L Høivik
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zeljko Krznaric
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - María Chaparro
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Edward V Loftus
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Peter L Lakatos
- Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Javier P Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Willem Bemelman
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bjorn Moum
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Michael D Kappelman
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ailsa Hart
- IBD Unit, St Mark's Hospital, Middlesex, UK
| | - Marieke J Pierik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jane M Andrews
- IBD Service, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Siew C Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Digestive Disease, Institute of Digestive Disease, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Renata D'Inca
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Gastroenterological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Pia Munkholm
- Department of Gastroenterology, Copenhagen University Hospital-North Zealand, Hillerød, Denmark
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12
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Vieujean S, Louis E. Precision medicine and drug optimization in adult inflammatory bowel disease patients. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2023; 16:17562848231173331. [PMID: 37197397 PMCID: PMC10184262 DOI: 10.1177/17562848231173331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) encompass two main entities including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Although having a common global pathophysiological mechanism, IBD patients are characterized by a significant interindividual heterogeneity and may differ by their disease type, disease locations, disease behaviours, disease manifestations, disease course as well as treatment needs. Indeed, although the therapeutic armamentarium for these diseases has expanded rapidly in recent years, a proportion of patients remains with a suboptimal response to medical treatment due to primary non-response, secondary loss of response or intolerance to currently available drugs. Identifying, prior to treatment initiation, which patients are likely to respond to a specific drug would improve the disease management, avoid unnecessary side effects and reduce the healthcare expenses. Precision medicine classifies individuals into subpopulations according to clinical and molecular characteristics with the objective to tailor preventative and therapeutic interventions to the characteristics of each patient. Interventions would thus be performed only on those who will benefit, sparing side effects and expense for those who will not. This review aims to summarize clinical factors, biomarkers (genetic, transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolic, radiomic or from the microbiota) and tools that could predict disease progression to guide towards a step-up or top-down strategy. Predictive factors of response or non-response to treatment will then be reviewed, followed by a discussion about the optimal dose of drug required for patients. The time at which these treatments should be administered (or rather can be stopped in case of a deep remission or in the aftermath of a surgery) will also be addressed. IBD remain biologically complex, with multifactorial etiopathology, clinical heterogeneity as well as temporal and therapeutic variabilities, which makes precision medicine especially challenging in this area. Although applied for many years in oncology, it remains an unmet medical need in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Vieujean
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology, University Hospital CHU of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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13
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Cecerska-Heryć E, Ronkowski B, Heryć R, Serwin N, Grygorcewicz B, Roszak M, Galant K, Dołęgowska B. Proteomic and lipidomic biomarkers in the diagnosis and progression of inflammatory bowel disease - a review. Proteomics Clin Appl 2023; 17:e2200003. [PMID: 36043901 DOI: 10.1002/prca.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is an increasing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to date, no effective treatment has been developed and the exact etiology of this disease remains unknown. Nevertheless, a growing number of proteomic and lipidomic studies have identified certain proteins and lipids which can be used successfully in patients to improve diagnoses and monitoring of treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have focused on the applications of proteins and lipids for IBD diagnostics, including differentiation of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), treatment monitoring, monitoring of clinical state, likelihood of relapse, and their potential for novel targeted treatments. RESULTS Analysis of protein and lipid profiles can: improve the availability and use of diagnostic markers; improve understanding of the pathomechanisms of IBD, for example, several studies have implicated platelet dysfunction (PF4), autoimmune responses (granzyme B, perforin), and abnormal metabolism (arachidonic acid pathways); aid in monitoring patient health; and improve therapeutics (experimental phosphatidylcholine therapy has been shown to result in an improvement in intestinal condition). CONCLUSIONS Despite the enormous progress of proteomics and lipidomics in recent years and the development of new technologies, further research is needed to select some of the most sensitive and specific markers applicable in diagnosing and treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Cecerska-Heryć
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartosz Ronkowski
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Rafał Heryć
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Natalia Serwin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Grygorcewicz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marta Roszak
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Galant
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Barbara Dołęgowska
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University of Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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14
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Fernandez ME, Nazar FN, Moine LB, Jaime CE, Kembro JM, Correa SG. Network Analysis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research: Towards the Interactome. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1651-1662. [PMID: 35439301 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Modern views accept that inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] emerge from complex interactions among the multiple components of a biological network known as the 'IBD interactome'. These diverse components belong to different functional levels including cells, molecules, genes and biological processes. This diversity can make it difficult to integrate available empirical information from human patients into a collective view of aetiopathogenesis, a necessary step to understand the interactome. Herein, we quantitatively analyse how the representativeness of components involved in human IBD and their relationships ha ve changed over time. METHODS A bibliographic search in PubMed retrieved 25 971 abstracts of experimental studies on IBD in humans, published between 1990 and 2020. Abstracts were scanned automatically for 1218 IBD interactome components proposed in recent reviews. The resulting databases are freely available and were visualized as networks indicating the frequency at which different components are referenced together within each abstract. RESULTS As expected, over time there was an increase in components added to the IBD network and heightened connectivity within and across functional levels. However, certain components were consistently studied together, forming preserved motifs in the networks. These overrepresented and highly linked components reflect main 'hypotheses' in IBD research in humans. Interestingly, 82% of the components cited in reviews were absent or showed low frequency, suggesting that many aspects of the proposed IBD interactome still have weak experimental support in humans. CONCLUSIONS A reductionist and fragmented approach to the study of IBD has prevailed in previous decades, highlighting the importance of transitioning towards a more integrated interactome framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emilia Fernandez
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - F Nicolas Nazar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Luciana B Moine
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cristian E Jaime
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jackelyn M Kembro
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Tecnológicas (IIByT), Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos (ICTA), Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales, Cátedra de Química Biológica, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Silvia G Correa
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Córdoba, Argentina.,Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Inmunología, Córdoba, Argentina
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15
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Validation and update of a prediction model for risk of relapse after cessation of anti-TNF treatment in Crohn's disease. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 34:983-992. [PMID: 36062493 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is effective for the treatment of Crohn's disease. Cessation may be considered in patients with a low risk of relapse. We aimed to externally validate and update our previously developed prediction model to estimate the risk of relapse after cessation of anti-TNF therapy. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in 17 Dutch hospitals. Crohn's disease patients in clinical, biochemical or endoscopic remission were included after anti-TNF cessation. Primary outcome was a relapse necessitating treatment. Discrimination and calibration of the previously developed model were assessed. After external validation, the model was updated. The performance of the updated prediction model was assessed in internal-external validation and by using decision curve analysis. RESULTS 486 patients were included with a median follow-up of 1.7 years. Relapse rates were 35 and 54% after 1 and 2 years. At external validation, the discriminative ability of the prediction model was equal to that found at the development of the model [c-statistic 0.58 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54-0.62)], though the model was not well-calibrated on our cohort [calibration slope: 0.52 (0.28-0.76)]. After an update, a c-statistic of 0.60 (0.58-0.63) and calibration slope of 0.89 (0.69-1.09) were reported in internal-external validation. CONCLUSION Our previously developed and updated prediction model for the risk of relapse after cessation of anti-TNF in Crohn's disease shows reasonable performance. The use of the model may support clinical decision-making to optimize patient selection in whom anti-TNF can be withdrawn. Clinical validation is ongoing in a prospective randomized trial.
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16
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Ghiboub M, Penny S, Verburgt CM, Boneh RS, Wine E, Cohen A, Dunn KA, Pinto DM, Benninga MA, de Jonge WJ, Levine A, Van Limbergen JE. Metabolome Changes With Diet-Induced Remission in Pediatric Crohn's Disease. Gastroenterology 2022; 163:922-936.e15. [PMID: 35679949 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2022.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The Crohn's disease (CD) exclusion diet (CDED) plus partial enteral nutrition (PEN) and exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) both induce remission in pediatric CD. CDED+PEN is better tolerated and able to sustain remission. We characterized the changes in fecal metabolites induced by CDED+PEN and EEN and their relationship with remission. METHODS A total of 216 fecal metabolites were measured in 80 fecal samples at week (W) 0, W6, and W12, of children with mild to moderate CD in a prospective randomized trial comparing CDED+PEN vs EEN. The metabolites were measured using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Metagenome Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes Orthology analysis was performed to investigate the differential functional gene abundance involved in specific metabolic pathways. Data were analyzed according to clinical outcome of remission (W6_rem), no remission (W6_nr), sustained remission (W12_sr), and nonsustained (W12_nsr) remission. RESULTS A decrease in kynurenine and succinate synthesis and an increase in N-α-acetyl-arginine characterized CDED+PEN W6_rem, whereas changes in lipid metabolism characterized EEN W6_rem, especially reflected by lower levels in ceramides. In contrast, fecal metabolites in EEN W6_nr were comparable to baseline/W0 samples. CDED+PEN W6_rem children maintained metabolome changes through W12. In contrast, W12_nsr children in the EEN group, who resumed a free diet after week 6, did not. The metabolome of CDED+PEN differed from EEN in the purine, pyrimidine, and sphingolipid pathways. A significant differential abundance in several genes involved in these pathways was detected. CONCLUSION CDED+PEN- and EEN-induced remission are associated with significant changes in inflammatory bowel disease-associated metabolites such as kynurenine, ceramides, amino acids, and others. Sustained remission with CDED+PEN, but not EEN, was associated with persistent changes in metabolites. CLINICALTRIALS gov, Number NCT01728870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ghiboub
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Penny
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Halifax, Canada
| | - Charlotte M Verburgt
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rotem Sigall Boneh
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Wolfson Medical Centre, Holon, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eytan Wine
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Alejandro Cohen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | | | - Devanand M Pinto
- National Research Council Canada, Human Health Therapeutics, Halifax, Canada
| | - Marc A Benninga
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter J de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arie Levine
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Wolfson Medical Centre, Holon, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Johan E Van Limbergen
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.
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17
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Gonzalez CG, Mills RH, Zhu Q, Sauceda C, Knight R, Dulai PS, Gonzalez DJ. Location-specific signatures of Crohn's disease at a multi-omics scale. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:133. [PMID: 35999575 PMCID: PMC9400277 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD), an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) subtype, results from pathologic interactions between host cells and its resident gut microbes. CD manifests in both isolated disease locations (ileum or colon) or a combination of locations (ileocolonic). To date, a comprehensive understanding of how isolated CD subtypes influence molecular profiles remains outstanding. To address this, we sought to define CD location signatures by leveraging a large cross-sectional feature set captured from the stool of over 200 IBD patients and healthy controls using metaproteomics, shotgun metagenomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, metabolomic profiling, and host genetics paired with clinical endoscopic assessments. RESULTS Neither metagenomic nor host genetics alone distinguished CD location subtypes. In contrast, ileal and colonic CD were distinguished using mass spectrometry-based methods (metabolomics or metaproteomics) or a combined multi-omic feature set. This multi-omic feature set revealed colonic CD was strongly associated with neutrophil-related proteins. Additionally, colonic CD displayed a disease-severity-related association with Bacteroides vulgatus. Colonic CD and ulcerative colitis profiles harbored strikingly similar feature enrichments compared to ileal CD, including neutrophil-related protein enrichments. Compared to colonic CD, ileal CD profiles displayed increased primary and secondary bile acid levels and concomitant shifts in taxa with noted sensitivities such as Faecalibacterium prausnitzii or affinities for bile acid-rich environments, including Gammaproteobacteria and Blautia sp. Having shown robust molecular and microbial distinctions tied to CD locations, we leveraged these profiles to generate location-specific disease severity biomarkers that surpass the performance of Calprotectin. CONCLUSIONS When compared using multi-omics features, colonic- and ileal-isolated CD subtypes display striking differences that suggest separate location-specific pathologies. Colonic CD's strong similarity to ulcerative colitis, including neutrophil and Bacteroides vulgatus involvement, is also evidence of a shared pathology for colonic-isolated IBD subtypes, while ileal CD maintains a unique, bile acid-driven profile. More broadly, this study demonstrates the power of multi-omics approaches for IBD biomarker discovery and elucidating the underlying biology. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos G Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Robert H Mills
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Qiyun Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
- Biodesign Center for Fundamental and Applied Microbiomics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Consuelo Sauceda
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60061, USA.
| | - David J Gonzalez
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, 92093, USA.
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18
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Noor NM, Sousa P, Paul S, Roblin X. Early Diagnosis, Early Stratification, and Early Intervention to Deliver Precision Medicine in IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 28:1254-1264. [PMID: 34480558 PMCID: PMC9340521 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Despite huge advances in understanding the molecular basis of IBD, clinical management has continued to rely on a "trial and error" approach. In addition, a therapeutic ceiling has emerged whereby even the most effective interventions are only beneficial for approximately 30% of patients. Consequently, several tools have been developed to aid stratification and guide treatment-decisions. We review the potential application for many of these precision medicine approaches, which are now almost within reach. We highlight the importance of early action (and avoiding inaction) to ensure the best outcomes for patients and how combining early action with precision tools will likely ensure the right treatment is delivered at the right time and place for each individual person living with IBD. The lack of clinical impact to date from precision medicine, despite much hype and investment, should be tempered with the knowledge that clinical translation can take a long time, and many promising breakthroughs might be ready for clinical implementation in the near future. We discuss some of the remaining challenges and barriers to overcome for clinical adoption. We also highlight that early recognition, early diagnosis, early stratification, and early intervention go hand in hand with precision medicine tools. It is the combination of these approaches that offer the greatest opportunity to finally deliver on the promise of precision medicine in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurulamin M Noor
- Department of Gastroenterology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Sousa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Viseu Unit, Tondela-Viseu Hospital Centre, 3504–509 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Stéphane Paul
- Faculty of Medicine of Saint-Etienne, Immunology Unit University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, CIC INSERM 1408, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Xavier Roblin
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Sain- Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
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19
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Petersen AM. Gastrointestinal dysbiosis and Escherichia coli pathobionts in inflammatory bowel diseases. APMIS 2022; 130 Suppl 144:1-38. [PMID: 35899316 PMCID: PMC9546507 DOI: 10.1111/apm.13256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Munk Petersen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Borren NZ, Ananthakrishnan AN. Precision medicine: how multiomics will shape the future of inflammatory bowel disease? Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2022; 38:382-387. [PMID: 35762697 PMCID: PMC9472771 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000000847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this article, we provide an overview of studies examining multiomic profiling in various clinical scenarios in the management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). RECENT FINDINGS IBD arises as a result of an interplay between genetic, environmental, microbial and immunologic perturbations. The access to high throughput technology as well as the decrease in costs associated with such studies has led to a growing wealth of literature examining the utility of single or multiomic profiles in the management of IBD. Such studies have commonly examined the genome (and less frequently the epigenome), transcriptome, metabolome, proteome and the gut microbial metagenome in the context of overall IBD status or specific clinical scenarios, including the disease progression or response to treatment. The findings have provided important insight into how each of these compartments reflect underlying disease pathophysiologic processes and, in turn, can influence stratification of patients for clinical management. SUMMARY Multiomic profiling in IBD has the potential to advance the field of personalized precision medicine in the management of IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke Z Borren
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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21
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Li M, Yang L, Mu C, Sun Y, Gu Y, Chen D, Liu T, Cao H. Gut microbial metabolome in inflammatory bowel disease: From association to therapeutic perspectives. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:2402-2414. [PMID: 35664229 PMCID: PMC9125655 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a set of clinically chronic, relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory disease and lacks of an absolute cure. Although the precise etiology is unknown, developments in high-throughput microbial genomic sequencing significantly illuminate the changes in the intestinal microbial structure and functions in patients with IBD. The application of microbial metabolomics suggests that the microbiota can influence IBD pathogenesis by producing metabolites, which are implicated as crucial mediators of host-microbial crosstalk. This review aims to elaborate the current knowledge of perturbations of the microbiome-metabolome interface in IBD with description of altered composition and metabolite profiles of gut microbiota. We emphasized and elaborated recent findings of several potentially protective metabolite classes in IBD, including fatty acids, amino acids and derivatives and bile acids. This article will facilitate a deeper understanding of the new therapeutic approach for IBD by applying metabolome-based adjunctive treatment.
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Key Words
- AMPs, Antimicrobial peptides
- BAs, Bile acids
- BC, Bray Curtis
- CD, Crohn’s disease
- CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection
- DC, Diversion colitis
- DCA, Deoxycholic acid
- DSS, Dextran sulfate sodium
- FAs, Fatty acid
- FMT, Fecal microbiota transplantation
- FODMAP, Fermentable oligosaccharide, disaccharide, monosaccharide, and polyol
- GC–MS, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
- Gut microbiota
- HDAC, Histone deacetylase
- IBD, Inflammatory bowel disease
- Inflammatory bowel diseases
- LC-MS, Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
- LCA, Lithocholic acid
- LCFAs, Long-chain fatty acids
- MCFAs, Medium-chain fatty acids
- MD, Mediterranean diet
- MS, Mass spectrometry
- Metabolite
- Metabolomics
- Metagenomics
- Microbial therapeutics
- NMR, Nuclear magnetic resonance
- PBAs, Primary bile acids
- SBAs, Secondary bile acids
- SCD, Special carbohydrate diet
- SCFAs, Short-chain fatty acids
- TNBS, 2,4,6-trinitro-benzene sulfonic acid
- UC, Ulcerative colitis
- UDCA, Ursodeoxycholic acid
- UPLC-MS, ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry
- UU, Unweighted UniFrac
- WMS, Whole-metagenome shotgun
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yue Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Gu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Danfeng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyu Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Tianjin, China
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22
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Noble AJ, Purcell RV, Adams AT, Lam YK, Ring PM, Anderson JR, Osborne AJ. A Final Frontier in Environment-Genome Interactions? Integrated, Multi-Omic Approaches to Predictions of Non-Communicable Disease Risk. Front Genet 2022; 13:831866. [PMID: 35211161 PMCID: PMC8861380 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.831866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and associative research from humans and animals identifies correlations between the environment and health impacts. The environment—health inter-relationship is effected through an individual’s underlying genetic variation and mediated by mechanisms that include the changes to gene regulation that are associated with the diversity of phenotypes we exhibit. However, the causal relationships have yet to be established, in part because the associations are reduced to individual interactions and the combinatorial effects are rarely studied. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that our genomes are highly dynamic; they integrate information across multiple levels (from linear sequence, to structural organisation, to temporal variation) each of which is open to and responds to environmental influence. To unravel the complexities of the genomic basis of human disease, and in particular non-communicable diseases that are also influenced by the environment (e.g., obesity, type II diabetes, cancer, multiple sclerosis, some neurodegenerative diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis) it is imperative that we fully integrate multiple layers of genomic data. Here we review current progress in integrated genomic data analysis, and discuss cases where data integration would lead to significant advances in our ability to predict how the environment may impact on our health. We also outline limitations which should form the basis of future research questions. In so doing, this review will lay the foundations for future research into the impact of the environment on our health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J Noble
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel V Purcell
- Department of Surgery, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Alex T Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ying K Lam
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Nuffield Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Paulina M Ring
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Jessica R Anderson
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Amy J Osborne
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand
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23
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Sudhakar P, Alsoud D, Wellens J, Verstockt S, Arnauts K, Verstockt B, Vermeire S. Tailoring Multi-omics to Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: All for One and One for All. J Crohns Colitis 2022; 16:1306-1320. [PMID: 35150242 PMCID: PMC9426669 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjac027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease [IBD] has a multifactorial origin and originates from a complex interplay of environmental factors with the innate immune system at the intestinal epithelial interface in a genetically susceptible individual. All these factors make its aetiology intricate and largely unknown. Multi-omic datasets obtained from IBD patients are required to gain further insights into IBD biology. We here review the landscape of multi-omic data availability in IBD and identify barriers and gaps for future research. We also outline the various technical and non-technical factors that influence the utility and interpretability of multi-omic datasets and thereby the study design of any research project generating such datasets. Coordinated generation of multi-omic datasets and their systemic integration with clinical phenotypes and environmental exposures will not only enhance understanding of the fundamental mechanisms of IBD but also improve therapeutic strategies. Finally, we provide recommendations to enable and facilitate generation of multi-omic datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padhmanand Sudhakar
- Corresponding author: Padhmanand Sudhakar, Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], ON I, Herestraat 49, box 701, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Tel.: 0032 [0]16 19 49 40;
| | - Dahham Alsoud
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium
| | - Judith Wellens
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sare Verstockt
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kaline Arnauts
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Verstockt
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Severine Vermeire
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders [TARGID], Leuven, Belgium,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Langston JC, Rossi MT, Yang Q, Ohley W, Perez E, Kilpatrick LE, Prabhakarpandian B, Kiani MF. Omics of endothelial cell dysfunction in sepsis. VASCULAR BIOLOGY (BRISTOL, ENGLAND) 2022; 4:R15-R34. [PMID: 35515704 PMCID: PMC9066943 DOI: 10.1530/vb-22-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
During sepsis, defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction due to dysregulated host response to infection, systemic inflammation activates endothelial cells and initiates a multifaceted cascade of pro-inflammatory signaling events, resulting in increased permeability and excessive recruitment of leukocytes. Vascular endothelial cells share many common properties but have organ-specific phenotypes with unique structure and function. Thus, therapies directed against endothelial cell phenotypes are needed to address organ-specific endothelial cell dysfunction. Omics allow for the study of expressed genes, proteins and/or metabolites in biological systems and provide insight on temporal and spatial evolution of signals during normal and diseased conditions. Proteomics quantifies protein expression, identifies protein-protein interactions and can reveal mechanistic changes in endothelial cells that would not be possible to study via reductionist methods alone. In this review, we provide an overview of how sepsis pathophysiology impacts omics with a focus on proteomic analysis of mouse endothelial cells during sepsis/inflammation and its relationship with the more clinically relevant omics of human endothelial cells. We discuss how omics has been used to define septic endotype signatures in different populations with a focus on proteomic analysis in organ-specific microvascular endothelial cells during sepsis or septic-like inflammation. We believe that studies defining septic endotypes based on proteomic expression in endothelial cell phenotypes are urgently needed to complement omic profiling of whole blood and better define sepsis subphenotypes. Lastly, we provide a discussion of how in silico modeling can be used to leverage the large volume of omics data to map response pathways in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan C Langston
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Qingliang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - William Ohley
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Edwin Perez
- Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Laurie E Kilpatrick
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Balabhaskar Prabhakarpandian
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Inflammation, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mohammad F Kiani
- Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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25
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Chen R, Zheng J, Li L, Li C, Chao K, Zeng Z, Chen M, Zhang S. Metabolomics facilitate the personalized management in inflammatory bowel disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2021; 14:17562848211064489. [PMID: 34987610 PMCID: PMC8721420 DOI: 10.1177/17562848211064489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a gastrointestinal disorder characterized by chronic relapsing inflammation and mucosal lesions. Reliable biomarkers for monitoring disease activity, predicting therapeutic response, and disease relapse are needed in the personalized management of IBD. Given the alterations in metabolomic profiles observed in patients with IBD, metabolomics, a new and developing technique for the qualitative and quantitative study of small metabolite molecules, offers another possibility for identifying candidate markers and promising predictive models. With increasing research on metabolomics, it is gradually considered that metabolomics will play a significant role in the management of IBD. In this review, we summarize the role of metabolomics in the assessment of disease activity, including endoscopic activity and histological activity, prediction of therapeutic response, prediction of relapse, and other aspects concerning disease management in IBD. Furthermore, we describe the limitations of metabolomics and highlight some solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rirong Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jieqi Zheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Kang Chao
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 58 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou 510080, P.R. China
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26
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Metabolomics Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111190. [PMID: 34832973 PMCID: PMC8625096 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, complex relapsing disorder characterised by immune dysregulation, gut microbiota alteration, and disturbed intestinal permeability. The diagnosis and the management of IBD are challenging due to the recurrent nature and complex evolution of the disease. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism underlying the aetiology and pathogenesis of IBD is still poorly understood. There is an unmet need for novel, reliable, and noninvasive tools for diagnosing and monitoring IBD. In addition, metabolomic profiles may provide a priori determination of optimal therapeutics and reveal novel targets for therapies. This review tries to gather scientific evidence to summarise the emerging contribution of metabolomics to elucidate the mechanisms underlying IBD and changes associated with disease phenotype and therapies, as well as to identify biomarkers with metabolic imbalance in those patients. Metabolite changes during health and disease could provide insights into the disease pathogenesis and the discovery of novel indicators for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of IBD. Metabolomic studies in IBD have shown changes in tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, amino-acid and fatty-acid metabolism, and oxidative pathways. Metabolomics has made progress towards identifying metabolic alterations that may provide clinically useful biomarkers and a deeper understanding of the disease. However, at present, there is insufficient evidence evaluating the predictive accuracy of these molecular signatures and their diagnostic ability, which is necessary before metabolomic data can be translated into clinical practice.
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27
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Bjerrum JT, Wang YL, Seidelin JB, Nielsen OH. IBD metabonomics predicts phenotype, disease course, and treatment response. EBioMedicine 2021; 71:103551. [PMID: 34419930 PMCID: PMC8379620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabonomics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterizes the effector molecules of biological systems and thus aims to describe the molecular phenotype, generate insight into the pathology, and predict disease course and response to treatment. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, mass spectrometry (MS), and integrated NMR and MS platforms coupled with multivariate analyses have been applied to create such metabolic profiles. Recent advances have identified quiescent ulcerative colitis as a distinct molecular phenotype and demonstrated metabonomics as a promising clinical tool for predicting relapse and response to treatment with biologics as well as fecal microbiome transplantation, thus facilitating much needed precision medicine. However, understanding this complex research field and how it translates into clinical settings is a challenge. This review aims to describe the current workflow, analytical strategies, and associated bioinformatics, and translate current IBD metabonomic knowledge into new potential clinically applicable treatment strategies, and outline future key translational perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob T Bjerrum
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1 DK-2730, Denmark.
| | - Yulan L Wang
- Singapore Phenome Center, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Jakob B Seidelin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Medical Section, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1 DK-2730, Denmark
| | - Ole H Nielsen
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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28
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Giachero F, Jenke A, Zilbauer M. Improving prediction of disease outcome for inflammatory bowel disease: progress through systems medicine. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2021; 17:871-881. [PMID: 34142929 PMCID: PMC8903817 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2021.1945442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are lifelong conditions causing relapsing inflammation of the intestine. In the absence of a cure, clinical management of IBDs is extremely challenging since they present with a wide range of phenotypes and disease behaviors. Hence, there is an urgent need for markers that could guide physicians in making the right choice of the rapidly growing treatment options toward a personalized care that could improve the overall outcome.Areas covered: In this review, the authors summarize existing biomarkers in IBD, discuss the challenges with the development of prognostic biomarkers and propose alternative options such as focusing on the prediction of the response to individual treatments, i.e. predictive biomarkers. The problems related to developing disease prognostic and predictive biomarkers in the field of IBDs are discussed including the difficulties in dealing with phenotypic heterogeneity particularly when performing studies in a real-life setting. The authors reviewed literature from PubMed.Expert opinion: Systems biology provides potential solutions to this problem by offering an unbiased, holistic approach to adjusting for variation in larger datasets thereby increasing the chances of identifying true associations between molecular profiles and clinical phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Giachero
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Centre for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Germany
| | - Andreas Jenke
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Centre for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Germany
- Children´s Hospital Kassel, Department of Neonatology and Paediatric Gastroenterology, Klinikum Kassel, Mönchenbergstr, Kassel, Germany
| | - Matthias Zilbauer
- Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, Department of Medicine, Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Centre for Biomedical Education & Research (ZBAF), Germany
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cambridge, University Hospitals, Addenbrooke’s, Cambridge, UK
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29
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Santoru ML, Piras C, Murgia F, Leoni VP, Spada M, Murgia A, Liggi S, Lai MA, Usai P, Caboni P, Manzin A, Atzori L. Metabolic Alteration in Plasma and Biopsies From Patients With IBD. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1335-1345. [PMID: 33512485 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, with periods of latency alternating with phases of exacerbation, and include 2 forms: Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the etiology of IBD is still unclear, the identification and understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying IBD could reveal newly targeted intestinal alterations and determine therapeutic approaches. METHODS In this study, by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we characterized plasma and biopsies from the metabolomics profiles of patients with IBD compared with those of a control group. RESULTS The results showed a different metabolomics profile between patients with CD (n = 50) and patients with UC (n = 82) compared with the control group (n = 51). Multivariate statistical analysis of the identified metabolites in CD and UC showed changes in energetic metabolism, and lactic acid and ornithine in particular were altered in both plasma and colon biopsies. Moreover, metabolic changes were evidenced between the normal ileum and colon tissues. These differences disappeared when we compared the inflamed ileum and colon tissues, suggesting a common metabolism. CONCLUSIONS This study showed how the metabolomics profile could be a potential tool to identify intestinal alterations associated with IBD and may have application in precision medicine and for better defining the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Piras
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Federica Murgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Vera Piera Leoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Martina Spada
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Antonio Murgia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Sonia Liggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Lai
- Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Paolo Usai
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Caboni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Aldo Manzin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
| | - Luigi Atzori
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
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30
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Systems biology is a rapidly advancing field of science that allows us to look into disease mechanisms, patient diagnosis and stratification, and drug development in a completely new light. It is based on the utilization of unbiased computational systems free of the traditional experimental approaches based on personal choices of what is important and what select experiments should be performed to obtain the expected results. METHODS Systems biology can be applied to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by learning basic concepts of omes and omics and how omics-derived "big data" can be integrated to discover the biological networks underlying highly complex diseases like IBD. Once these biological networks (interactomes) are identified, then the molecules controlling the disease network can be singled out and specific blockers developed. RESULTS The field of systems biology in IBD is just emerging, and there is still limited information on how to best utilize its power to advance our understanding of Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis to develop novel therapeutic strategies. Few centers have embraced systems biology in IBD, but the creation of international consortia and large biobanks will make biosamples available to basic and clinical IBD investigators for further research studies. CONCLUSIONS The implementation of systems biology is indispensable and unavoidable, and the patient and medical communities will both benefit immensely from what it will offer in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Fiocchi
- Department of Inflammation & Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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31
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Aldars-García L, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. Systematic Review: The Gut Microbiome and Its Potential Clinical Application in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9050977. [PMID: 33946482 PMCID: PMC8147118 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9050977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic relapsing-remitting systemic disease of the gastrointestinal tract. It is well established that the gut microbiome has a profound impact on IBD pathogenesis. Our aim was to systematically review the literature on the IBD gut microbiome and its usefulness to provide microbiome-based biomarkers. A systematic search of the online bibliographic database PubMed from inception to August 2020 with screening in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted. One-hundred and forty-four papers were eligible for inclusion. There was a wide heterogeneity in microbiome analysis methods or experimental design. The IBD intestinal microbiome was generally characterized by reduced species richness and diversity, and lower temporal stability, while changes in the gut microbiome seemed to play a pivotal role in determining the onset of IBD. Multiple studies have identified certain microbial taxa that are enriched or depleted in IBD, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea. The two main features in this sense are the decrease in beneficial bacteria and the increase in pathogenic bacteria. Significant differences were also present between remission and relapse IBD status. Shifts in gut microbial community composition and abundance have proven to be valuable as diagnostic biomarkers. The gut microbiome plays a major role in IBD, yet studies need to go from casualty to causality. Longitudinal designs including newly diagnosed treatment-naïve patients are needed to provide insights into the role of microbes in the onset of intestinal inflammation. A better understanding of the human gut microbiome could provide innovative targets for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment and even cure of this relevant disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Aldars-García
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (L.A.-G.); (M.C.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-913-093-911; Fax: +34-915-204-013
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Aldars-García L, Marin AC, Chaparro M, Gisbert JP. The Interplay between Immune System and Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063076. [PMID: 33802883 PMCID: PMC8002696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of the gut microbiota in human health is currently well established. It contributes to many vital functions such as development of the host immune system, digestion and metabolism, barrier against pathogens or brain–gut communication. Microbial colonization occurs during infancy in parallel with maturation of the host immune system; therefore, an adequate cross-talk between these processes is essential to generating tolerance to gut microbiota early in life, which is crucial to prevent allergic and immune-mediated diseases. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by an exacerbated immune reaction against intestinal microbiota. Changes in abundance in the gut of certain microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and archaea have been associated with IBD. Microbes that are commonly found in high abundance in healthy gut microbiomes, such as F. prausnitzii or R. hominis, are reduced in IBD patients. E. coli, which is usually present in a healthy gut in very low concentrations, is increased in the gut of IBD patients. Microbial taxa influence the immune system, hence affecting the inflammatory status of the host. This review examines the IBD microbiome profile and presents IBD as a model of dysbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Aldars-García
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.M.); (M.C.); (J.P.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Alicia C. Marin
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.M.); (M.C.); (J.P.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Chaparro
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.M.); (M.C.); (J.P.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier P. Gisbert
- Gastroenterology Unit, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.C.M.); (M.C.); (J.P.G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), 28006 Madrid, Spain
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Shah RS, Click BH. Medical therapies for postoperative Crohn's disease. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2021; 14:1756284821993581. [PMID: 33643440 PMCID: PMC7890708 DOI: 10.1177/1756284821993581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease is common and requires a multidisciplinary approach between surgeons and gastroenterologists in the perioperative and postoperative period to improve outcomes in this patient population. Endoscopic recurrence precedes clinical and surgical recurrence and endoscopic monitoring is crucial to guide postoperative management. Risk stratification of patients is recommended to guide early prophylactic management, and follow-up endoscopic monitoring can guide intensification of therapy. This review summarizes evidence behind postoperative recurrence rates, disease monitoring techniques, nonbiologic and biologic therapies available to prevent and treat postoperative recurrence, risk factors associated with recurrence, and postoperative management strategies guided by endoscopic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi S. Shah
- Cleveland Clinic - Internal Medicine, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Benjamin H. Click
- Cleveland Clinic - Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Cleveland, OH, USA
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