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Chen J, Liu X, Su W, Liu Z, Sun G, Yang Y, Tian M, Li J, Dong Y. Unveiling the hidden risk: paternal smoking and alcohol exposure prior to conception as independent factors for allergic rhinitis in children. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1394400. [PMID: 38873584 PMCID: PMC11172151 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1394400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limited knowledge exists regarding the impact of paternal smoking and alcohol exposure on the development of allergic rhinitis in offspring. Our study aimed to investigate the potential association between preconception paternal smoking and alcohol exposure and the likelihood of children allergic rhinitis. Methods A retrospective case-control study of 556 prepubertal children aged 3-12 years was performed. The participants were 278 children with allergic rhinitis and 278 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed and collected on-site, focusing on various factors related to the children's fathers, mothers, and the children themselves during the first year of life and the past 12 months, from March to October 2022. Results Multivariate analysis demonstrated that paternal smoking, paternal alcohol consumption prior to conception, paternal allergic diseases, children with a family history of allergies, maternal allergic diseases and pregnancy complications were identified as independent risk factors for allergic rhinitis in their offspring. Moreover, after considering confounding factors, it was observed that paternal smoking exceeding 5 cigarettes per day in the year preceding pregnancy and exceeding 11 years significantly elevated the likelihood of allergic rhinitis in children (OR = 2.009 and 2.479, respectively). Furthermore, the consumption of alcohol by the father at intervals of less than one month in the year prior to pregnancy and a duration of alcohol consumption exceeding 11 years prior to pregnancy are both associated with a significantly increased risk of allergic rhinitis in children (OR = 2.005 and 3.149, respectively). Conclusions Paternal smoking and alcohol consumption prior to conception contribute to an increased risk of allergic rhinitis in children, with the risk being dependent on the dosage and duration of exposure. Therefore, it is important to not only focus on personal and maternal environmental exposures when considering the occurrence risk of allergic rhinitis in children, but also to consider paternal detrimental exposures prior to conception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junrong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Nursing Department, Changde Vocational Technical College, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Department of Medical Consortium Work, Changsha Hospital for Maternal & Child Health Care Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenwen Su
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zixin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guoying Sun
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Yide Yang
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Mei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Li
- Key Laboratory of Model Animals and Stem Cell Biology in Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Study and Discovery of Small Targeted Molecules of Hunan Province, School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- The Engineering Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yunpeng Dong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Three Gorges University, Hubei, China
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2
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Shi Q, Qi K. Developmental origins of health and disease: Impact of paternal nutrition and lifestyle. Pediatr Investig 2023; 7:111-131. [PMID: 37324600 PMCID: PMC10262906 DOI: 10.1002/ped4.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Most epidemiological and experimental studies have focused on maternal influences on offspring's health. The impact of maternal undernutrition, overnutrition, hypoxia, and stress is linked to adverse offspring outcomes across a range of systems including cardiometabolic, respiratory, endocrine, and reproduction among others. During the past decade, it has become evident that paternal environmental factors are also linked to the development of diseases in offspring. In this article, we aim to outline the current understanding of the impact of male health and environmental exposure on offspring development, health, and disease and explore the mechanisms underlying the paternal programming of offspring health. The available evidence suggests that poor paternal pre-conceptional nutrition and lifestyle, and advanced age can increase the risk of negative outcomes in offspring, via both direct (genetic/epigenetic) and indirect (maternal uterine environment) effects. Beginning at preconception, and during utero and the early life after birth, cells acquire an epigenetic memory of the early exposure which can be influential across the entire lifespan and program a child's health. Potentially not only mothers but also fathers should be advised that maintaining a healthy diet and lifestyle is important to improve offspring health as well as the parental health status. However, the evidence is mostly based on animal studies, and well-designed human studies are urgently needed to verify findings from animal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Shi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina
| | - Kemin Qi
- Laboratory of Nutrition and Development, Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Ministry of Education, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's HospitalCapital Medical University, National Center for Children's HealthBeijingChina
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3
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Rulkiewicz A, Pilchowska I, Lisik W, Pruszczyk P, Domienik-Karłowicz J. Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking among Professionally Active Adult Population in Poland and Its Strong Relationship with Cardiovascular Co-Morbidities-POL-O-CARIA 2021 Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11144111. [PMID: 35887881 PMCID: PMC9324331 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11144111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is a leading cause of preventable mortality. It affects both the health and economic situation within societies. The aim of the study is to perform an epidemiological analysis of smoking among professionally active adults in Poland in the years 2016–2020 and its Strong Relationship with Cardiovascular Co-morbidities. The article retrospectively analyzed the records of 1,450,455 who underwent occupational medicine examinations between 2016 and 2020. Statistical analyses performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software were performed. In general, irrespective of the year of measurement, 11.6% of women and 17.1% of men declared smoking. After sorting by year of measurement, we found that the percentage of female smokers was decreasing, while that of males remained relatively consistent. In the case of BMI, it was found that among tobacco smokers the percentage of people with normal body weight decreases with successive years of measurement, while the percentage of overweight and level I obesity increases. Moreover, we analyzed in detail the occurrence of particular comorbidities in the group of people who declared smoking. The most common diseases in this group were: arterial hypertension (39%), lipid disorders (26.7%), and hypertension and lipid disorders (16.5%). Active preventive measures are necessary to reduce the number of smokers and the negative impact of smoking on the occurrence of comorbid diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iwona Pilchowska
- LUX MED, Postępu 21C, 02-676 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (I.P.)
- Department of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Lisik
- Department of General and Transplantation Surgery, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-014 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Piotr Pruszczyk
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Justyna Domienik-Karłowicz
- LUX MED, Postępu 21C, 02-676 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (I.P.)
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-005 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +48-22-502-11-44
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4
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Lønnebotn M, Calciano L, Johannessen A, Jarvis DL, Abramson MJ, Benediktsdóttir B, Bråbäck L, Franklin KA, Godoy R, Holm M, Janson C, Jõgi NO, Kirkeleit J, Malinovschi A, Pereira-Vega A, Schlünssen V, Dharmage SC, Accordini S, Gómez Real F, Svanes C. Parental Prepuberty Overweight and Offspring Lung Function. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14071506. [PMID: 35406119 PMCID: PMC9002985 DOI: 10.3390/nu14071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In a recent study we found that fathers' but not mothers' onset of overweight in puberty was associated with asthma in adult offspring. The potential impact on offspring's adult lung function, a key marker of general and respiratory health, has not been studied. We investigated the potential causal effects of parents' overweight on adult offspring's lung function within the paternal and maternal lines. We included 929 offspring (aged 18-54, 54% daughters) of 308 fathers and 388 mothers (aged 40-66). Counterfactual-based multi-group mediation analyses by offspring's sex (potential moderator) were used, with offspring's prepubertal overweight and/or adult height as potential mediators. Unknown confounding was addressed by simulation analyses. Fathers' overweight before puberty had a negative indirect effect, mediated through sons' height, on sons' forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) (beta (95% CI): -144 (-272, -23) mL) and forced vital capacity (FVC) (beta (95% CI): -210 (-380, -34) mL), and a negative direct effect on sons' FVC (beta (95% CI): -262 (-501, -9) mL); statistically significant effects on FEV1/FVC were not observed. Mothers' overweight before puberty had neither direct nor indirect effects on offspring's lung function. Fathers' overweight starting before puberty appears to cause lower FEV1 and FVC in their future sons. The effects were partly mediated through sons' adult height but not through sons' prepubertal overweight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Lønnebotn
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (A.J.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-9596-8484
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (A.J.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Deborah L. Jarvis
- Faculty of Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London W2 1PG, UK
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia;
| | | | - Lennart Bråbäck
- Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Karl A. Franklin
- The Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, 901 87 Umeaa, Sweden;
| | - Raúl Godoy
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, University Hospital Complex of Albacete, University of Castilla La Mancha, 02008 Albacete, Spain;
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Nils O. Jõgi
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (F.G.R.)
| | - Jorunn Kirkeleit
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (A.J.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Antonio Pereira-Vega
- Pneumology Service, Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital in Huelva, 21005 Huelva, Spain;
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Francisco Gómez Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (F.G.R.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (A.J.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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5
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López-Cervantes JP, Lønnebotn M, Jogi NO, Calciano L, Kuiper IN, Darby MG, Dharmage SC, Gómez-Real F, Hammer B, Bertelsen RJ, Johannessen A, Würtz AML, Mørkve Knudsen T, Koplin J, Pape K, Skulstad SM, Timm S, Tjalvin G, Krauss-Etschmann S, Accordini S, Schlünssen V, Kirkeleit J, Svanes C. The Exposome Approach in Allergies and Lung Diseases: Is It Time to Define a Preconception Exposome? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:12684. [PMID: 34886409 PMCID: PMC8657011 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182312684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Emerging research suggests environmental exposures before conception may adversely affect allergies and lung diseases in future generations. Most studies are limited as they have focused on single exposures, not considering that these diseases have a multifactorial origin in which environmental and lifestyle factors are likely to interact. Traditional exposure assessment methods fail to capture the interactions among environmental exposures and their impact on fundamental biological processes, as well as individual and temporal factors. A valid estimation of exposure preconception is difficult since the human reproductive cycle spans decades and the access to germ cells is limited. The exposome is defined as the cumulative measure of external exposures on an organism (external exposome), and the associated biological responses (endogenous exposome) throughout the lifespan, from conception and onwards. An exposome approach implies a targeted or agnostic analysis of the concurrent and temporal multiple exposures, and may, together with recent technological advances, improve the assessment of the environmental contributors to health and disease. This review describes the current knowledge on preconception environmental exposures as related to respiratory health outcomes in offspring. We discuss the usefulness and feasibility of using an exposome approach in this research, advocating for the preconception exposure window to become included in the exposome concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pablo López-Cervantes
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Marianne Lønnebotn
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Nils Oskar Jogi
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (F.G.-R.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | | | - Matthew G. Darby
- Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine and Division of Immunology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa;
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (S.C.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Francisco Gómez-Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (F.G.-R.); (R.J.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5053 Bergen, Norway
| | - Barbara Hammer
- Department of Pulmonology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | | | - Ane Johannessen
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
| | - Anne Mette Lund Würtz
- Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Public Health—Work, Environment and Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.M.L.W.); (K.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Toril Mørkve Knudsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (F.G.-R.); (R.J.B.)
| | - Jennifer Koplin
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (S.C.D.); (J.K.)
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Kathrine Pape
- Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Public Health—Work, Environment and Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.M.L.W.); (K.P.); (V.S.)
| | - Svein Magne Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Signe Timm
- Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Research Unit, Kolding Hospital, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 6000 Kolding, Denmark
| | - Gro Tjalvin
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
| | | | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (L.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Public Health—Work, Environment and Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark; (A.M.L.W.); (K.P.); (V.S.)
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jorunn Kirkeleit
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway; (M.L.); (A.J.); (G.T.); (J.K.); (C.S.)
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway; (N.O.J.); (T.M.K.); (S.M.S.)
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6
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Role of Epigenetics in the Pathogenesis, Treatment, Prediction, and Cellular Transformation of Asthma. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:9412929. [PMID: 34566492 PMCID: PMC8457970 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9412929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a mysterious disease with heterogeneity in etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical phenotypes. Although ongoing studies have provided a better understanding of asthma, its natural history, progression, pathogenesis, diversified phenotypes, and even the exact epigenetic linkage between childhood asthma and adult-onset/old age asthma remain elusive in many aspects. Asthma heritability has been established through genetic studies, but genetics is not the only influencing factor in asthma. The increasing incidence and some unsolved queries suggest that there may be other elements related to asthma heredity. Epigenetic mechanisms link genetic and environmental factors with developmental trajectories in asthma. This review provides an overview of asthma epigenetics and its components, including several epigenetic studies on asthma, and discusses the epigenetic linkage between childhood asthma and adult-onset/old age asthma. Studies involving asthma epigenetics present valuable novel approaches to solve issues related to asthma. Asthma epigenetic research guides us towards gene therapy and personalized T cell therapy, directs the discovery of new therapeutic agents, predicts long-term outcomes in severe cases, and is also involved in the cellular transformation of childhood asthma to adult-onset/old age asthma.
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7
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Svanes C, Bertelsen RJ, Accordini S, Holloway JW, Júlíusson P, Boateng E, Krauss-Etchmann S, Schlünssen V, Gómez-Real F, Skulstad SM. Exposures during the prepuberty period and future offspring's health: evidence from human cohort studies†. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:667-680. [PMID: 34416759 PMCID: PMC8444705 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that exposures in prepuberty, particularly in fathers-to-be, may impact the phenotype of future offspring. Analyses of the RHINESSA cohort find that offspring of father’s exposed to tobacco smoking or overweight that started in prepuberty demonstrate poorer respiratory health in terms of more asthma and lower lung function. A role of prepuberty onset smoking for offspring fat mass is suggested in the RHINESSA and ALSPAC cohorts, and historic studies suggest that ancestral nutrition during prepuberty plays a role for grand-offspring’s health and morbidity. Support for causal relationships between ancestral exposures and (grand-)offspring’s health in humans has been enhanced by advancements in statistical analyses that optimize the gain while accounting for the many complexities and deficiencies in human multigeneration data. The biological mechanisms underlying such observations have been explored in experimental models. A role of sperm small RNA in the transmission of paternal exposures to offspring phenotypes has been established, and chemical exposures and overweight have been shown to influence epigenetic programming in germ cells. For example, exposure of adolescent male mice to smoking led to differences in offspring weight and alterations in small RNAs in the spermatozoa of the exposed fathers. It is plausible that male prepuberty may be a time window of particular susceptibility, given the extensive epigenetic reprogramming taking place in the spermatocyte precursors at this age. In conclusion, epidemiological studies in humans, mechanistic research, and biological plausibility, all support the notion that exposures in the prepuberty of males may influence the phenotype of future offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi J Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Centre of Expertise Western Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - John W Holloway
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, UK.,Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Pétur Júlíusson
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Register Research and Development, National Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Eistine Boateng
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany
| | - Susanne Krauss-Etchmann
- Early Life Origins of Chronic Lung Disease, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Borstel, Germany.,Institute of Experimental Medicine, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health-Work, Environment and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark.,National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Francisco Gómez-Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Svein Magne Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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8
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Pape K, Svanes C, Sejbæk CS, Malinovschi A, Benediktsdottir B, Forsberg B, Janson C, Benke G, Tjalvin G, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Zock JP, Toren K, Bråbäck L, Holm M, Jõgi R, Bertelsen RJ, Gíslason T, Sigsgaard T, Liu X, Hougaard KS, Johannessen A, Lodge C, Dharmage SC, Schlünssen V. Parental occupational exposure pre- and post-conception and development of asthma in offspring. Int J Epidemiol 2021; 49:1856-1869. [PMID: 32666076 PMCID: PMC7825962 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While direct effects of occupational exposures on an individual’s respiratory health are evident, a new paradigm is emerging on the possible effects of pre-conception occupational exposure on respiratory health in offspring. We aimed to study the association between parental occupational exposure starting before conception and asthma in their offspring (at 0–15 years of age). Methods We studied 3985 offspring participating in the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study. Their mothers or fathers (n = 2931) previously participated in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Information was obtained from questionnaires on parental job history pre- and post-conception which was linked to an asthma-specific job-exposure matrix (JEM). We assessed the association between parental occupational exposure and offspring asthma, applying logistic regression models, clustered by family and adjusted for study centre, offspring sex, parental characteristics (age, asthma onset, place of upbringing, smoking) and grandparents’ level of education. Results Parental occupational exposure to microorganisms, pesticides, allergens or reactive chemicals pre-conception or both pre- and post-conception was not related to offspring asthma; in general, subgroup analyses confirmed this result. However, maternal exposure both pre- and post-conception to allergens and reactive chemicals was associated with increased odds for early-onset asthma in offspring (0–3 years of age); odds ratio 1.70 (95% CI: 1.02–2.84) and 1.65 (95% CI: 0.98–2.77), respectively. Conclusions This study did not find evidence that parental occupational exposure, defined by an asthma JEM before conception only or during pre- and post-conception vs non-exposed, was associated with offspring asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Pape
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecile Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla S Sejbæk
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Byndis Benediktsdottir
- Department of Allergy, Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,University of Iceland, Medical Faculty, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Section of Sustainable Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Geza Benke
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gro Tjalvin
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - José Luis Sánchez-Ramos
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva. Avenida Tres de Marzo, s/n 21071, Huelva, Spain
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Kjell Toren
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine at Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lennart Bråbäck
- Section of Sustainable Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mathias Holm
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rain Jõgi
- Tartu University Hospital, Lung Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Randi J Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Oral Health Center of Expertise, Western Norway, Hordaland County, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thorarin Gíslason
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Allergy, Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.,University of Iceland, Medical Faculty, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Xiaoqin Liu
- The National Centre for Register-based Research, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Karin S Hougaard
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Caroline Lodge
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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9
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Precision medicine reaching out to the patients in allergology - a German-Japanese workshop report. Allergol Select 2021; 5:162-179. [PMID: 34079922 PMCID: PMC8167740 DOI: 10.5414/alx02234e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
An expert workshop in collaboration of the German Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) and the Japanese Society of Allergy (JSA) provided a platform for key opinion leaders of both countries aimed to join expertise and to highlight current developments and achievements in allergy research. Key domains of the meeting included the following seven main sections and related subchapters: 1) basic immunology, 2) bronchial asthma, 3) prevention of allergic diseases, 4) food allergy and anaphylaxis, 5) atopic dermatitis, 6) venom allergy, and 7) upper airway diseases. This report provides a summary of panel discussions of all seven domains and highlights unmet needs and project possibilities of enhanced collaborations of scientific projects.
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10
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Preconceptional smoking alters spermatozoal miRNAs of murine fathers and affects offspring's body weight. Int J Obes (Lond) 2021; 45:1623-1627. [PMID: 34002034 PMCID: PMC8236406 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00798-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Active smoking has been reported among 7% of teenagers worldwide, with ages ranging from 13 to 15 years. An epidemiological study suggested that preconceptional paternal smoking is associated with adolescent obesity in boys. We developed a murine adolescent smoking model before conception to investigate the paternal molecular causes of changes in offspring’s phenotype. Method Male and female C57BL/6J mice were exposed to increasing doses of mainstream cigarette smoke (CS) from onset of puberty for 6 weeks and mated with room air (RA) controls. Results Thirteen miRNAs were upregulated and 32 downregulated in the spermatozoa of CS-exposed fathers, while there were no significant differences in the count and morphological integrity of spermatozoa, as well as the proliferation of spermatogonia between CS- and RA-exposed fathers. Offspring from preconceptional CS-exposed mothers had lower body weights (p = 0.007). Moreover, data from offspring from CS-exposed fathers suggested a potential increase in body weight (p = 0.062). Conclusion We showed that preconceptional paternal CS exposure regulates spermatozoal miRNAs, and possibly influences the body weight of F1 progeny in early life. The regulated miRNAs may modulate transmittable epigenetic changes to offspring, thus influence the development of respiratory- and metabolic-related diseases such as obesity, a mechanism that warrants further studies for elaborate explanations.
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11
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Epigenetic Mechanisms of Paternal Stress in Offspring Development and Diseases. Int J Genomics 2021; 2021:6632719. [PMID: 33532485 PMCID: PMC7837765 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6632719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The major biological function of the sperm cell is to transmit the paternal genetic and epigenetic information to the embryo as well as the following offspring. Sperm has a unique epigenome. An increasing body of epidemiological study supports that paternal stress induced by environmental exposures and lifestyle can modulate the sperm epigenome (including histone modification, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA expression), sperm-egg fusion, embryo development, and offspring health. Based on the existing literature, we have summarized the paternal exposure on sperm epigenome along with the representative phenotypes of offspring and the possible mechanism involved.
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12
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Zhou Y, Tong L, Li M, Wang Y, Li L, Yang D, Zhang Y, Chen Z. Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma After Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:649003. [PMID: 34150683 PMCID: PMC8211724 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.649003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen of acute bronchiolitis in children, which sometimes triggers the development of recurrent wheezing and increases the risk of childhood asthma. Methods: We enrolled 425 children who were diagnosed with RSV-infected bronchiolitis at the department of pulmonology, Children's Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine in 2011. Long-term follow-up was performed to explore the consequence of bronchiolitis on subsequent recurrent wheezing and asthma. Results: Of 425 patients, 266 cases completed the entire follow-up, the mean age of onset was 4.9 (3.3) months, and the male-to-female ratio was 2.5. The mean birth weight of all patients was 3.22 (0.63) kg, and the number of patients who had a history of cesarean section was 148. According to the outcome of follow-up, 36 were in the recurrent wheezing (RW) group, 65 were in the asthma (AS) group, and the remaining 165 were in the completely recovered (CR) group. The age of onset was older and the birth weights were higher in the AS group than those in the CR group (P < 0.05). And the higher proportion of cesarean sections was higher in the RW group than that in the CR group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, we found a remarkable increasing of serum IgE in the AS groups than that in the CR group (P < 0.01). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the cesarean section was the risk factor for the development of recurrent wheezing and the higher birth weight was the risk factor for the development of asthma. Conclusion: RSV bronchiolitis might increase the incidence of recurrent wheezing and asthma. Allergic constitution was an important prerequisite for the occurrence of asthma, and related risk factor such as cesarean section can only increase recurrent wheezing to a certain extent within a certain period of time. And we also find higher birth weight and older onset age for those who develop asthma, which should be verified in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlian Zhou
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Tong
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingshuo Wang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanxin Li
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dehua Yang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhimin Chen
- Department of Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
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13
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Senaldi L, Smith-Raska M. Evidence for germline non-genetic inheritance of human phenotypes and diseases. Clin Epigenetics 2020; 12:136. [PMID: 32917273 PMCID: PMC7488552 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00929-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is becoming increasingly apparent that certain phenotypes are inherited across generations independent of the information contained in the DNA sequence, by factors in germ cells that remain largely uncharacterized. As evidence for germline non-genetic inheritance of phenotypes and diseases continues to grow in model organisms, there are fewer reports of this phenomenon in humans, due to a variety of complications in evaluating this mechanism of inheritance in humans. This review summarizes the evidence for germline-based non-genetic inheritance in humans, as well as the significant challenges and important caveats that must be considered when evaluating this process in human populations. Most reports of this process evaluate the association of a lifetime exposure in ancestors with changes in DNA methylation or small RNA expression in germ cells, as well as the association between ancestral experiences and the inheritance of a phenotype in descendants, down to great-grandchildren in some cases. Collectively, these studies provide evidence that phenotypes can be inherited in a DNA-independent manner; the extent to which this process contributes to disease development, as well as the cellular and molecular regulation of this process, remain largely undefined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Senaldi
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Smith-Raska
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA. .,Drukier Institute for Children's Health, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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14
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Associations of Preconception Exposure to Air Pollution and Greenness with Offspring Asthma and Hay Fever. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165828. [PMID: 32806543 PMCID: PMC7459891 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
We investigated if greenness and air pollution exposure in parents’ childhood affect offspring asthma and hay fever, and if effects were mediated through parental asthma, pregnancy greenness/pollution exposure, and offspring exposure. We analysed 1106 parents with 1949 offspring (mean age 35 and 6) from the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study. Mean particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), black carbon (BC), ozone (O3) (µg/m3) and greenness (normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)) were calculated for parents 0–18 years old and offspring 0–10 years old, and were categorised in tertiles. We performed logistic regression and mediation analyses for two-pollutant models (clustered by family and centre, stratified by parental lines, and adjusted for grandparental asthma and education). Maternal medium PM2.5 and PM10 exposure was associated with higher offspring asthma risk (odds ratio (OR) 2.23, 95%CI 1.32–3.78, OR 2.27, 95%CI 1.36–3.80), and paternal high BC exposure with lower asthma risk (OR 0.31, 95%CI 0.11–0.87). Hay fever risk increased for offspring of fathers with medium O3 exposure (OR 4.15, 95%CI 1.28–13.50) and mothers with high PM10 exposure (OR 2.66, 95%CI 1.19–5.91). The effect of maternal PM10 exposure on offspring asthma was direct, while for hay fever, it was mediated through exposures in pregnancy and offspring’s own exposures. Paternal O3 exposure had a direct effect on offspring hay fever. To conclude, parental exposure to air pollution appears to influence the risk of asthma and allergies in future offspring.
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15
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Knudsen GTM, Dharmage S, Janson C, Abramson MJ, Benediktsdóttir B, Malinovschi A, Skulstad SM, Bertelsen RJ, Real FG, Schlünssen V, Jõgi NO, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Holm M, Garcia-Aymerich J, Forsberg B, Svanes C, Johannessen A. Parents' smoking onset before conception as related to body mass index and fat mass in adult offspring: Findings from the RHINESSA generation study. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235632. [PMID: 32628720 PMCID: PMC7337347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that parents' preconception exposures may influence offspring health. We aimed to investigate maternal and paternal smoking onset in specific time windows in relation to offspring body mass index (BMI) and fat mass index (FMI). We investigated fathers (n = 2111) and mothers (n = 2569) aged 39-65 years, of the population based RHINE and ECRHS studies, and their offspring aged 18-49 years (n = 6487, mean age 29.6 years) who participated in the RHINESSA study. BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight, and FMI was estimated from bioelectrical impedance measures in a subsample. Associations with parental smoking were analysed with generalized linear regression adjusting for parental education and clustering by study centre and family. Interactions between offspring sex were analysed, as was mediation by parental pack years, parental BMI, offspring smoking and offspring birthweight. Fathers' smoking onset before conception of the offspring (onset ≥15 years) was associated with higher BMI in the offspring when adult (β 0.551, 95%CI: 0.174-0.929, p = 0.004). Mothers' preconception and postnatal smoking onset was associated with higher offspring BMI (onset <15 years: β1.161, 95%CI 0.378-1.944; onset ≥15 years: β0.720, 95%CI 0.293-1.147; onset after offspring birth: β2.257, 95%CI 1.220-3.294). However, mediation analysis indicated that these effects were fully mediated by parents' postnatal pack years, and partially mediated by parents' BMI and offspring smoking. Regarding FMI, sons of smoking fathers also had higher fat mass (onset <15 years β1.604, 95%CI 0.269-2.939; onset ≥15 years β2.590, 95%CI 0.544-4.636; and onset after birth β2.736, 95%CI 0.621-4.851). There was no association between maternal smoking and offspring fat mass. We found that parents' smoking before conception was associated with higher BMI in offspring when they reached adulthood, but that these effects were mediated through parents' pack years, suggesting that cumulative smoking exposure during offspring's childhood may elicit long lasting effects on offspring BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerd Toril Mørkve Knudsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Shyamali Dharmage
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Michael J. Abramson
- School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Bryndís Benediktsdóttir
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Landspitali, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Svein Magne Skulstad
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Oral Health Center of Expertise in Western Norway, Hordaland, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Work, Environment and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University Denmark, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nils Oskar Jõgi
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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16
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Rajaleid K, Vågerö D. Stress resilience in young men mediates the effect of childhood trauma on their offspring's birth weight - An analysis of 250,000 families. SSM Popul Health 2019; 8:100429. [PMID: 31249858 PMCID: PMC6584590 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Experiencing the death of a parent during childhood is a severe trauma that seems to affect the next generation's birth weight. We studied the consequences of parental loss during childhood for men's psychological and physiological characteristics at age 18, and whether these were important for their first-born offspring's birth outcomes. We used a structured life-course approach and four-way decomposition analysis to analyse data for 250,427 three-generation families retrieved from nationwide Swedish registers and found that psychological resilience was impaired and body mass index was higher in men who had experienced parental death. Both characteristics were linked to offspring birth weight. This was lower by 18.0 g (95% confidence interval: 5.7, 30.3) for men who lost a parent at ages 8-17 compared to other ages. Resilience mediated 40% of this influence. Mediation by body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure was negligible, as was the effect of parental loss on length of gestation. There was no mediation by the education of the men's future spouse. Previous literature has indicated that the period before puberty, the "slow growth period", is sensitive. Our evidence suggests that this may be too narrow a restriction: boys aged 8-17 appear to be particularly likely to respond to parental loss in a way which affects their future offspring's birth weight. We conclude that the observed transgenerational influence on birth weight is mediated by the father's psychological resilience but not by his body mass index or blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristiina Rajaleid
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denny Vågerö
- Centre for Health Equity Studies, Department of Public Health Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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17
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Accordini S, Calciano L, Johannessen A, Portas L, Benediktsdóttir B, Bertelsen RJ, Bråbäck L, Carsin AE, Dharmage SC, Dratva J, Forsberg B, Gomez Real F, Heinrich J, Holloway JW, Holm M, Janson C, Jögi R, Leynaert B, Malinovschi A, Marcon A, Martínez-Moratalla Rovira J, Raherison C, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Schlünssen V, Bono R, Corsico AG, Demoly P, Dorado Arenas S, Nowak D, Pin I, Weyler J, Jarvis D, Svanes C. A three-generation study on the association of tobacco smoking with asthma. Int J Epidemiol 2019. [PMID: 29534228 PMCID: PMC6124624 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyy031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mothers’ smoking during pregnancy increases asthma risk in their offspring. There is some evidence that grandmothers’ smoking may have a similar effect, and biological plausibility that fathers’ smoking during adolescence may influence offspring’s health through transmittable epigenetic changes in sperm precursor cells. We evaluated the three-generation associations of tobacco smoking with asthma. Methods Between 2010 and 2013, at the European Community Respiratory Health Survey III clinical interview, 2233 mothers and 1964 fathers from 26 centres reported whether their offspring (aged ≤51 years) had ever had asthma and whether it had coexisted with nasal allergies or not. Mothers and fathers also provided information on their parents’ (grandparents) and their own asthma, education and smoking history. Multilevel mediation models within a multicentre three-generation framework were fitted separately within the maternal (4666 offspring) and paternal (4192 offspring) lines. Results Fathers’ smoking before they were 15 [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–2.01] and mothers’ smoking during pregnancy (RRR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.01–1.59) were associated with asthma without nasal allergies in their offspring. Grandmothers’ smoking during pregnancy was associated with asthma in their daughters [odds ratio (OR) = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.17–2.06] and with asthma with nasal allergies in their grandchildren within the maternal line (RRR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.02–1.55). Conclusions Fathers’ smoking during early adolescence and grandmothers’ and mothers’ smoking during pregnancy may independently increase asthma risk in offspring. Thus, risk factors for asthma should be sought in both parents and before conception. Funding European Union (Horizon 2020, GA-633212).
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Laura Portas
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lennart Bråbäck
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anne-Elie Carsin
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julia Dratva
- ZHAW School of Health Professions, Institute of Health Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Inner City Clinic, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Mathias Holm
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jögi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- INSERM UMR 1152, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alessandro Marcon
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Rovira
- Pneumology Service of the University Hospital Complex of Albacete (CHUA), Health Service of Castilla-La Mancha (SESCAM), Albacete, Spain.,School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | | | | | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo G Corsico
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS 'San Matteo' Hospital Foundation-University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pascal Demoly
- Département de Pneumologie et Addictologie, Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Sorbonne Université, INSERM, IPLESP, Paris, France
| | | | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Inner City Clinic, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Pediatrie, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,INSERM 1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Joost Weyler
- Department of Epidemiology and Social Medicine and the StatUA Statistics Centre, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- Population Health and Occupational Disease, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.,MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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18
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Shawe J, Patel D, Joy M, Howden B, Barrett G, Stephenson J. Preparation for fatherhood: A survey of men's preconception health knowledge and behaviour in England. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213897. [PMID: 30893380 PMCID: PMC6426231 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS A cross-sectional survey of men attending antenatal care with their partners at three London Maternity Units. We assessed level of pregnancy planning using the partner version of the London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy (LMUP), preconception health behaviours, and whether they had sought information and health professional advice before conception. MAIN RESULTS We recruited 573 men (91% response rate). Mean age was 34 years, 86% were in employment or full time education and 66% had a degree. Half were overweight or obese, 16% were still smoking and 79% had consumed alcohol in the three months before conception. Of 250 men answering questions about medication, a third were taking medication with potentially adverse effects on male reproductive health, while 23% reported taking pre-pregnancy vitamins. 46.9% had looked at information about pregnancy from a variety of sources, including online, before their partner became pregnant. Assessed by the LMUP, 74% of pregnancies were planned. Male 'planners' were more likely than other men to reduce smoking, reduce alcohol consumption and to eat more healthily in preparation for pregnancy. However, 57% took no action to improve their health. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE FINDINGS In a sample of relatively educated men accompanying their partners on an antenatal visit, nearly half had made at least one positive health behaviour change before pregnancy, but half were overweight or obese and a third were on medication that could impair male reproductive health. These findings, together with a high prevalence of alcohol consumption and smoking, indicate the need for greater paternal preconception health awareness and care. Innovative ways to promote positive messages about fatherhood, including medication review as part of preconception care, should be evaluated for impact on improving paternal reproductive health and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill Shawe
- Institute of Health & Community University of Plymouth, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dilisha Patel
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Joy
- School of Health Sciences University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Beth Howden
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Geraldine Barrett
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judith Stephenson
- Institute for Women’s Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Zakarya R, Adcock I, Oliver BG. Epigenetic impacts of maternal tobacco and e-vapour exposure on the offspring lung. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:32. [PMID: 30782202 PMCID: PMC6381655 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-019-0631-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In utero exposure to tobacco products, whether maternal or environmental, have harmful effects on first neonatal and later adult respiratory outcomes. These effects have been shown to persist across subsequent generations, regardless of the offsprings' smoking habits. Established epigenetic modifications induced by in utero exposure are postulated as the mechanism underlying the inherited poor respiratory outcomes. As e-cigarette use is on the rise, their potential to induce similar functional respiratory deficits underpinned by an alteration in the foetal epigenome needs to be explored. This review will focus on the functional and epigenetic impact of in utero exposure to maternal cigarette smoke, maternal environmental tobacco smoke, environmental tobacco smoke and e-cigarette vapour on foetal respiratory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razia Zakarya
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian Adcock
- Airway Diseases Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Biomedical Research Unit, Section of Respiratory Diseases, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
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20
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Pape K, Svanes C, Malinovschi A, Benediktsdottir B, Lodge C, Janson C, Moratalla J, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Bråbäck L, Holm M, Jögi R, Bertelsen RJ, Sigsgaard T, Johannessen A, Schlünssen V. Agreement of offspring-reported parental smoking status: the RHINESSA generation study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:94. [PMID: 30665381 PMCID: PMC6341700 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6414-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With increasing interest in exposure effects across generations, it is crucial to assess the validity of information given on behalf of others. AIMS To compare adult's report of their parent's smoking status against parent's own report and examine predictors for discrepant answers. METHODS We studied 7185 offspring (18-51 years) and one of their parents, n = 5307 (27-67 years) participating in the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study. Information about parent's smoking status during offspring's childhood and mother's smoking status during pregnancy was obtained by questionnaires from parents and their offspring. We calculated sensitivity, specificity and Cohen's Kappa [κ] for agreement using parent's own report as the gold standard. We performed logistic regression to examine if offspring's sex, age, educational level, asthma status, own smoking status or parental status, as well as the parent's sex and amount of smoking during childhood predicted disagreement. RESULTS The sensitivity for offspring's correct report of parent's smoking status during childhood (0-10 years) was 0.82 (95% CI 0.81-0.84), specificity was 0.95 (95% CI 0.95-0.96) and a good agreement was observed, κ = 0.79 (95% CI 0.78-0.80). Offspring's report of mothers' smoking status during pregnancy showed a lower sensitivity, 0.66 (95% CI 0.60-0.71), a slightly lower specificity, 0.92 (95% CI 0.90-0.95) and a good agreement, κ = 0.61 (95% CI 0.55-0.67). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, offspring not having children was a predictor for discrepant answers (odds ratio [OR] 2.11 [95% CI 1.21-3.69]). Low amount of parents' tobacco consumption, < 10 cigarettes/day (OR 2.72 [95% CI 1.71-4.31]) also predicted disagreement compared to ≥10 cigarettes per day, and so did offspring's reports of fathers' smoking status (OR 1.73 [95% CI 1.09-2.74]) compared to mothers' smoking status. Offspring's sex, asthma status, educational level, smoking status or age was not related to discrepant answers. CONCLUSIONS Adults report their parent's smoking status during their childhood, as well as their mother' smoking status when pregnant with them, quite accurately. In the absence of parents' direct report, offspring's reports could be valuable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrine Pape
- Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. .,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen O, Denmark.
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Bryndis Benediktsdottir
- University of Iceland, Medical Faculty, Iceland. Primary Health Care Center, Gardabaer, Iceland
| | - Caroline Lodge
- Centre for Molecular, Environmental, Genetic & Analytic (MEGA) Epidemiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jesus Moratalla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain
| | | | - Lennart Bråbäck
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rain Jögi
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Tartu University, Tartu, Estonia.,Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Division of Experimental Asthma Research, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Center for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100, Copenhagen O, Denmark
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21
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Mørkve Knudsen T, Rezwan FI, Jiang Y, Karmaus W, Svanes C, Holloway JW. Transgenerational and intergenerational epigenetic inheritance in allergic diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 142:765-772. [PMID: 30040975 PMCID: PMC6167012 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It has become clear that early life (including in utero exposures) is a key window of vulnerability during which environmental exposures can alter developmental trajectories and initiate allergic disease development. However, recent evidence suggests that there might be additional windows of vulnerability to environmental exposures in the parental generation before conception or even in previous generations. There is evidence suggesting that information of prior exposures can be transferred across generations, and experimental animal models suggest that such transmission can be conveyed through epigenetic mechanisms. Although the molecular mechanisms of intergenerational and transgenerationational epigenetic transmission have yet to be determined, the realization that environment before conception can alter the risks of allergic diseases has profound implications for the development of public health interventions to prevent disease. Future research in both experimental models and in multigenerational human cohorts is needed to better understand the role of intergenerational and transgenerational effects in patients with asthma and allergic disease. This will provide the knowledge basis for a new approach to efficient intervention strategies aimed at reducing the major public health challenge of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Faisal I Rezwan
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Yu Jiang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - John W Holloway
- Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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22
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Marcon A, Pesce G, Calciano L, Bellisario V, Dharmage SC, Garcia-Aymerich J, Gislasson T, Heinrich J, Holm M, Janson C, Jarvis D, Leynaert B, Matheson MC, Pirina P, Svanes C, Villani S, Zuberbier T, Minelli C, Accordini S. Trends in smoking initiation in Europe over 40 years: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201881. [PMID: 30133533 PMCID: PMC6104979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tobacco consumption is the largest avoidable health risk. Understanding changes of smoking over time and across populations is crucial to implementing health policies. We evaluated trends in smoking initiation between 1970 and 2009 in random samples of European populations. Methods We pooled data from six multicentre studies involved in the Ageing Lungs in European Cohorts consortium, including overall 119,104 subjects from 17 countries (range of median ages across studies: 33–52 years). We estimated retrospectively trends in the rates of smoking initiation (uptake of regular smoking) by age group, and tested birth cohort effects using Age-Period-Cohort (APC) modelling. We stratified all analyses by sex and region (North, East, South, West Europe). Results Smoking initiation during late adolescence (16–20 years) declined for both sexes and in all regions (except for South Europe, where decline levelled off after 1990). By the late 2000s, rates of initiation during late adolescence were still high (40–80 per 1000/year) in East, South, and West Europe compared to North Europe (20 per 1000/year). Smoking initiation rates during early adolescence (11–15 years) showed a marked increase after 1990 in all regions (except for North European males) but especially in West Europe, where they reached 40 per 1000/year around 2005. APC models supported birth cohort effects in the youngest cohorts. Conclusion Smoking initiation is still unacceptably high among European adolescents, and increasing rates among those aged 15 or less deserve attention. Reducing initiation in adolescents is fundamental, since youngsters are particularly vulnerable to nicotine addiction and tobacco adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Marcon
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Giancarlo Pesce
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucia Calciano
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Valeria Bellisario
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Judith Garcia-Aymerich
- ISGlobal, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thorarinn Gislasson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital (E7), Reykjavik, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Faculty of Medicine, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Clinical Center, Ludwig Maximilians University, Comprehensive Pneumology Centre Munich, German Centre for Lung Research, Muenchen, Germany
| | - Mathias Holm
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- Population Health & Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Inserm UMR 1152, Pathophysiology and Epidemiology of Respiratory Diseases, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot Paris 7, UMR 1152, Paris, France
| | - Melanie C. Matheson
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pietro Pirina
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Simona Villani
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Torsten Zuberbier
- Allergy Centre Charité, Department of Dermatology & Allergy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Cosetta Minelli
- Population Health & Occupational Disease, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simone Accordini
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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23
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Kuiper IN, Svanes C, Benediktsdottir B, Bertelsen RJ, Bråbäck L, Dharmage SC, Holm M, Janson C, Jögi R, Malinovschi A, Matheson M, Moratalla JM, Real FG, Sánchez-Ramos JL, Schlünssen V, Timm S, Johannessen A. Agreement in reporting of asthma by parents or offspring - the RHINESSA generation study. BMC Pulm Med 2018; 18:122. [PMID: 30053806 PMCID: PMC6062946 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-018-0687-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Self-report questionnaires are commonly used in epidemiology, but may be susceptible to misclassification, especially if answers are given on behalf of others, e.g. children or parents. The aim was to determine agreement and analyse predictors of disagreement in parents’ reports of offspring asthma, and in offspring reports of parents’ asthma. Methods In the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe, Spain and Australia (RHINESSA) generation study, 6752 offspring (age range 18–51 years) and their parents (age range 39–66 years) reported their own and each other’s asthma status. Agreement between asthma reports from offspring and parents was determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value and Cohen’s kappa. The participants’ own answers regarding themselves were defined as the gold standard. To investigate predictors for disagreement logistic regression analyses were performed to obtain odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for sex, smoking status, education, comorbidity and severity of asthma. Results Agreement was good for parental report of offspring early onset asthma (< 10 years, Cohen’s kappa 0.72) and moderate for offspring later onset asthma (Cohen’s kappa 0.46). Specificity was 0.99 for both, and sensitivity was 0.68 and 0.36, respectively. For offspring report of maternal and paternal asthma the agreement was good (Cohen’s kappa 0.69 and 0.68), specificity was 0.96 and 0.97, and sensitivity was 0.72 and 0.68, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) was lowest for offspring report of maternal asthma (0.75), and highest for parents’ report of early onset asthma in the offspring (0.83). The negative predictive value (NPV) was high for all four groups (0.94–0.97). In multivariate analyses current smokers (OR = 1.46 [95% CI 1.05, 2.02]) and fathers (OR = 1.31 [95% CI 1.08, 1.59]) were more likely to report offspring asthma incorrectly. Offspring wheeze was associated with reporting parental asthma incorrectly (OR = 1.60 [95% CI 1.21, 2.11]), both under- and over reporting. Conclusions Asthma reports across generations show moderate to good agreement, making information from other generations a useful tool in the absence of direct reports. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12890-018-0687-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid N Kuiper
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Randi J Bertelsen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lennart Bråbäck
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mathias Holm
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences: Respiratory Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jögi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Department of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Melanie Matheson
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jesús Martínez Moratalla
- Servicio de Salud de Castilla, Servicio de Neumología del Complejo Hospitalario Univerisitario de Albacete, La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
| | - Francisco Gómez Real
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Timm
- Department of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, N-5021, Bergen, Norway.,Centre for International Health, Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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24
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Jenkins TG, James ER, Alonso DF, Hoidal JR, Murphy PJ, Hotaling JM, Cairns BR, Carrell DT, Aston KI. Cigarette smoking significantly alters sperm DNA methylation patterns. Andrology 2017; 5:1089-1099. [PMID: 28950428 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Numerous health consequences of tobacco smoke exposure have been characterized, and the effects of smoking on traditional measures of male fertility are well described. However, a growing body of data indicates that pre-conception paternal smoking also confers increased risk for a number of morbidities on offspring. The mechanism for this increased risk has not been elucidated, but it is likely mediated, at least in part, through epigenetic modifications transmitted through spermatozoa. In this study, we investigated the impact of cigarette smoke exposure on sperm DNA methylation patterns in 78 men who smoke and 78 never-smokers using the Infinium Human Methylation 450 beadchip. We investigated two models of DNA methylation alterations: (i) consistently altered methylation at specific CpGs or within specific genomic regions and (ii) stochastic DNA methylation alterations manifest as increased variability in genome-wide methylation patterns in men who smoke. We identified 141 significantly differentially methylated CpGs associated with smoking. In addition, we identified a trend toward increased variance in methylation patterns genome-wide in sperm DNA from men who smoke compared with never-smokers. These findings of widespread DNA methylation alterations are consistent with the broad range of offspring heath disparities associated with pre-conception paternal smoke exposure and warrant further investigation to identify the specific mechanism by which sperm DNA methylation perturbation confers risk to offspring health and whether these changes can be transmitted to offspring and transgenerationally.
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Affiliation(s)
- T G Jenkins
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - E R James
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - D F Alonso
- Department of Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J R Hoidal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - P J Murphy
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J M Hotaling
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - B R Cairns
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MA, USA
| | - D T Carrell
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,Department of Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - K I Aston
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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25
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Arshad SH, Karmaus W, Zhang H, Holloway JW. Multigenerational cohorts in patients with asthma and allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:415-421. [PMID: 28183434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent observations that disease risk can be transmitted across generations without the need for direct exposure of the child to the index environmental insult has sparked interest in transgenerational inheritance. Epigenetics describes processes that modify gene expression without a change in the nucleotide sequence. Epigenetic processes can be induced in response to environmental exposures, can influence disease risk, and might explain these multigenerational effects. In experimental models a number of epigenetic mechanisms have been identified that could mediate vertical transmission of epigenetic inheritance. However, relevance of these findings to human disease is not yet clear. An alternative model is one in which transgenerational inheritance of disease risk requires the presence of exposure-related diseases in the mother during pregnancy (termed induced epigenetic transmission model). A number of cross-sectional studies have investigated multigenerational effects in allergy and asthma. However, given the early-life origins of asthma and allergy, birth cohort studies are ideal to investigate the effect of genetic predisposition, epigenetics, and environmental exposures, avoiding pitfalls, such as recall bias and confounding by ongoing exposures, disease, and treatment. The well-characterized 3 generations of the Isle of Wight cohort include 2 consecutive birth cohorts, providing longitudinal data that can be studied for epigenetic transfer of information, such as the effect of grand parental smoking or exposure to other toxic compounds. Further large multigenerational birth cohorts are needed to establish the clinical relevance of this phenomenon and differentiate between vertical and induced transmission models, which might influence future preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hasan Arshad
- David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, United Kingdom; Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
| | - Wilfried Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tenn
| | - John W Holloway
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
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Airway remodeling in asthma: what really matters. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 367:551-569. [PMID: 28190087 PMCID: PMC5320023 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2566-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Airway remodeling is generally quite broadly defined as any change in composition, distribution, thickness, mass or volume and/or number of structural components observed in the airway wall of patients relative to healthy individuals. However, two types of airway remodeling should be distinguished more clearly: (1) physiological airway remodeling, which encompasses structural changes that occur regularly during normal lung development and growth leading to a normal mature airway wall or as an acute and transient response to injury and/or inflammation, which ultimately results in restoration of a normal airway structures; and (2) pathological airway remodeling, which comprises those structural alterations that occur as a result of either disturbed lung development or as a response to chronic injury and/or inflammation leading to persistently altered airway wall structures and function. This review will address a few major aspects: (1) what are reliable quantitative approaches to assess airway remodeling? (2) Are there any indications supporting the notion that airway remodeling can occur as a primary event, i.e., before any inflammatory process was initiated? (3) What is known about airway remodeling being a secondary event to inflammation? And (4), what can we learn from the different animal models ranging from invertebrate to primate models in the study of airway remodeling? Future studies are required addressing particularly pheno-/endotype-specific aspects of airway remodeling using both endotype-specific animal models and “endotyped” human asthmatics. Hopefully, novel in vivo imaging techniques will be further advanced to allow monitoring development, growth and inflammation of the airways already at a very early stage in life.
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Vågerö D, Rajaleid K. Transgenerational response and life history theory: a response to Peeter Hõrak. Int J Epidemiol 2017; 46:233-234. [PMID: 28204520 PMCID: PMC5407173 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyw369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Denny Vågerö
- CHESS, Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/ Karolinska Institutet, SE-106 91 Stockholm
| | - Kristiina Rajaleid
- CHESS, Centre for Health Equity Studies, Stockholm University/ Karolinska Institutet, SE-106 91 Stockholm
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