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Li Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Z, Loake VIP, Bao X, Loake GJ. Improvement of both human and animal memory by synergy between fructooligosaccharide and L-theanine function establishing a safe and effective food supplement. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:4966-4980. [PMID: 39055226 PMCID: PMC11266938 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is classically associated with a decline of cognitive abilities, especially in relation to memory. While the development of potential treatments for neurodegenerative diseases has been in sharp focus, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a form of age-related memory loss, in the absence of severe functional impairment, a condition experienced by many healthy adults, has received relatively little attention. Advances in this space would make significant contributions to the goal of healthy aging and may also help promote cognitive performance across the wider population. The individual action of either fructooligosaccharide (FOS) or L-theanine, both natural plant-derived molecules, has been tentatively linked with improvements in cognition, but our understanding remains far from complete. We therefore determined the effect of different dose combinations of FOS and L-theanine (termed MT-01/GBL-Memory1) in mice against FOS and L-theanine monotherapy. FOS and L-theanine were found to synergistically enhance murine memory in our animal tests at a dose of 100 mg/kg (coefficient of drug interaction (CDI) < 1). In a subsequent human trial, we demonstrated that MT-01 improved the memory of healthy adults after 1 month of consumption. Our results suggest that a combination of FOS and L-theanine synergistically enhances murine memory within a specific dose range. We show that this plant natural product regimen also improves human memory in a population of healthy adults. MT-01 therefore represents a novel, safe, and effective dietary supplement to promote human memory and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Green Bioactives Limited, Pentland Science ParkPenicuikUK
| | - Yuying Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Zubing Zhang
- Yiping Medical Science & Technology Development Co. LtdChengduChina
| | | | - Xu Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, West China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Gary J. Loake
- Green Bioactives Limited, Pentland Science ParkPenicuikUK
- Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Engineering Biology, School of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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2
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Chen J, Zhou Y, Lai M, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Zhuang D, Zhou W, Zhang Y. Antidepressant effects of activation of infralimbic cortex via upregulation of BDNF and β-catenin in an estradiol withdrawal model. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06610-z. [PMID: 38743109 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06610-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated that estradiol withdrawal after delivery is one of important factors involved in the pathogenesis of postpartum depression (PPD). The infralimbic cortex (IL) is related to anxiety and mood disorders. Whether IL neurons mediate PPD is still unclear. OBJECTIVES This study was to observe the antidepressant effect and expression of BDNF and β-catenin in IL by allopregnanolone (ALLO) treatment or the selective activation or inhibition of IL neurons using a chemogenetic approach in a pseudopregnancy model of PPD. METHODS Administration of estradiol combined with progesterone and the abrupt withdrawal of estradiol simulated the pregnancy and early postpartum periods to induce depression in ovariectomized rats. The relative expression levels of β-catenin and BDNF were observed by western blotting. RESULTS Immobility time was significantly increased in the forced swim test and open-arm movement was reduced in the elevated plus maze test in the estradiol-withdrawn rats. After ALLO treatment, the immobility time were lower and open-arm traveling times higher than those of the estradiol-withdrawn rats. Meanwhile, the expression level of BDNF or β-catenin in the IL was reduced significantly in estradiol-withdrawn rats, which was prevented by treatment with ALLO. The hM3Dq chemogenetic activation of pyramidal neurons in the IL reversed the immobility and open-arm travel time trends in the estradiol-withdrawal rat model, but chemogenetic inhibition of IL neurons failed to affect this. Upregulated BDNF and β-catenin expression and increased c-Fos in the basolateral amygdala were found following IL neuron excitation in model rats. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrated that pseudopregnancy and estradiol withdrawal produced depressive-like behavior and anxiety. ALLO treatment or specific excitement of IL pyramidal neurons relieved abnormal behaviors and upregulated BDNF and β-catenin expression in the IL in the PPD model, suggesting that hypofunction of IL neurons may be involved in the pathogenesis of PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, P. R. China
| | - Yiying Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Miaojun Lai
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, P. R. China
| | - Yifang Hu
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, P. R. China
| | - Dingding Zhuang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Wenhua Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Addiction Research, The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.
- Department of Psychiatry, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China.
| | - Yisheng Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, P. R. China.
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Tian JS, Wu ZN, Wu D, Yang C, Gao Y, Yan DL, Qin XM. Combining network pharmacology and experimental verification to reveal the mechanism of Chaigui granules in the treatment of depression through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:2849-2864. [PMID: 37906393 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chaigui granules are a novel manufactured traditional Chinese antidepressant medicine, which is originated from the ancient classical prescription of Xiaoyaosan. It ameliorated depression-like behavior and concomitant symptoms in animal models. But its antidepressant mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, network pharmacology and molecular biology were used to explore underlying antidepressant mechanism in this study. METHODS Firstly, network pharmacology was used to screen main active ingredients and potential targets in the treatment of depression with Chaigui granules, and to perform pathway enrichment analysis. Secondly, chronic and unpredictable mild stress-induced depression model rats were used, and behavioral tests were used to evaluate the antidepressant effect of Chaigui granules. Finally, the core targets and key pathways predicted by network pharmacology were validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot to determine the relevant gene and protein expression levels in rat hippocampus. RESULTS The results of network pharmacology indicated that the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may play a key role in antidepressant of Chaigui granules. The results of animal experiments showed that Chaigui granules significantly modulated behavioral indicators. Subsequently, the upregulation of relative mRNA levels of mTOR, Akt and PI3K and downregulation of GSK-3β and FoxO3a were observed in rat hippocampus by molecular biology diagnosis. In addition, the decreased expression of Akt and mTOR in CUMS rats hippocampus was significantly reversed, and the expression levels of GSK-3β and FoxO3a were upregulated. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of network pharmacology and animal experiment validation, Chaigui granules may reverse CUMS-induced depression-like behavior in rats through PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Sheng Tian
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
| | - Zhen-Ning Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Dan Wu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China
| | - Yao Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | | | - Xue-Mei Qin
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM of Shanxi Province, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030006, China.
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Xu W, Gao W, Guo Y, Xue F, Di L, Fang S, Fan L, He Y, Zhou Y, Xie X, Pang X. Targeting mitophagy for depression amelioration: a novel therapeutic strategy. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1235241. [PMID: 37869512 PMCID: PMC10587558 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1235241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a global psychiatric condition characterized by persistent low mood and anhedonia, which seriously jeopardizes the physical and mental well-being of affected individuals. While various hypotheses have been proposed to explicate the etiology of depression, the precise pathogenesis and effective treatment of this disorder remain elusive. Mitochondria, as the primary organelles responsible for cellular energy production, possess the ability to meet the essential energy demands of the brain. Research indicated that the accumulation of damaged mitochondria is associated with the onset of depression. Mitophagy, a type of cellular autophagy, specifically targets and removes excess or damaged mitochondria. Emerging evidence demonstrated that mitophagy dysfunction was involved in the progression of depression, and several pharmacological interventions that stimulating mitophagy exerted excellent antidepressant actions. We provided an overview of updated advancements on the regulatory mechanism of mitophagy and the mitophagy abnormality in depressed patients and animals, as well as in cell models of depression. Meanwhile, various therapeutic strategies to restore mitophagy for depression alleviation were also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangjun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Weiping Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yukun Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Feng Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lulu Di
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shaojie Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Brain Targeted Bio-nanomedicine, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yangyang He
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yunfeng Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinmei Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaobin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Institutes of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Henan Province Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization to Natural Medical Resource in Yellow River Basin, School of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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Abd-Elmawla MA, Essam RM, Ahmed KA, Abdelmonem M. Implication of Wnt/GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Mood Disturbances Associated with Hyperthyroidism in Rats: Potential Therapeutic Effect of Naringin. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 37196197 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with hyperthyroidism are commonly diagnosed with mood disorders. Naringin, (4',5,7-trihydrocyflavanone-7-O-rhamnoglucoside), a natural bioflavonoid, has many neurobehavioral activities including anxiolytic and antidepressant properties. The role of Wingless (Wnt) signaling in psychiatric disorders is considered substantial but debatable. Recently, regulation of Wnt signaling by naringin has been reported in different disorders. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible role of Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling in hyperthyroidism-induced mood disturbances and explore the therapeutic effects of naringin. Hyperthyroidism was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 0.3 mg/kg levothyroxine for 2 weeks. Naringin was orally administered to rats with hyperthyroidism at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg for 2 weeks. Hyperthyroidism induced mood alterations as revealed by behavioral tests and histopathological changes including marked necrosis and vacuolation of neurons in the hippocampus and cerebellum. Intriguingly, hyperthyroidism activated Wnt/p-GSK-3β/β-catenin/DICER1/miR-124 signaling pathway in the hippocampus along with an elevation in serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline contents and a reduction in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) content. Additionally, hyperthyroidism induced upregulation of cyclin D-1 expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) elevation, and glutathione (GSH) reduction. Naringin treatment alleviated behavioral and histopathological alterations and reversed hyperthyroidism-induced biochemical changes. In conclusion, this study revealed, for the first time, that hyperthyroidism could affect mental status by stimulating Wnt/p-GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling in the hippocampus. The observed beneficial effects of naringin could be attributed to increasing hippocampal BDNF, controlling the expression of Wnt/p-GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling as well as its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reham M Essam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Biology, School of Pharmacy, Newgiza University, First 6th of October, Giza 3296121, Egypt
| | - Kawkab A Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha Abdelmonem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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Hazra S, Chaudhuri AG, Tiwary BK, Chakrabarti N. Integrated network-based multiple computational analyses for identification of co-expressed candidate genes associated with neurological manifestations of COVID-19. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17141. [PMID: 36229517 PMCID: PMC9558001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
'Tripartite network' (TN) and 'combined gene network' (CGN) were constructed and their hub-bottleneck and driver nodes (44 genes) were evaluated as 'target genes' (TG) to identify 21 'candidate genes' (CG) and their relationship with neurological manifestations of COVID-19. TN was developed using neurological symptoms of COVID-19 found in literature. Under query genes (TG of TN), co-expressed genes were identified using pair-wise mutual information to genes available in RNA-Seq autopsy data of frontal cortex of COVID-19 victims. CGN was constructed with genes selected from TN and co-expressed in COVID-19. TG and their connecting genes of respective networks underwent functional analyses through findings of their enrichment terms and pair-wise 'semantic similarity scores' (SSS). A new integrated 'weighted harmonic mean score' was formulated assimilating values of SSS and STRING-based 'combined score' of the selected TG-pairs, which provided CG-pairs with properties of CGs as co-expressed and 'indispensable nodes' in CGN. Finally, six pairs sharing seven 'prevalent CGs' (ADAM10, ADAM17, AKT1, CTNNB1, ESR1, PIK3CA, FGFR1) showed linkages with the phenotypes (a) directly under neurodegeneration, neurodevelopmental diseases, tumour/cancer and cellular signalling, and (b) indirectly through other CGs under behavioural/cognitive and motor dysfunctions. The pathophysiology of 'prevalent CGs' has been discussed to interpret neurological phenotypes of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suvojit Hazra
- CPEPA-UGC Centre for "Electro-Physiological and Neuro-Imaging Studies Including Mathematical Modelling", University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Basant K Tiwary
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India.
| | - Nilkanta Chakrabarti
- CPEPA-UGC Centre for "Electro-Physiological and Neuro-Imaging Studies Including Mathematical Modelling", University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Physiology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
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Zhang Y, Zhang M. Neuroprotective effects of Morinda officinalis How.: Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant roles in Alzheimer’s disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:963041. [PMID: 36158563 PMCID: PMC9493036 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.963041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological studies have shown that some traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have applications in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Morinda officinalis How. (MO) is a TCM with a long history and is widely used to tonify kidney Yang. In vitro and in vivo experiments have suggested that MO contains various effective pharmaceutical components and chemicals, including oligosaccharides, anthraquinones, iridoids, flavonoids, amino acids, and trace elements, conferring MO with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress are undoubtedly hallmarks of neurodegeneration, contributing to AD progression. In this mini-review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms, structure-activity relationships, and potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of active components in MO. This discussion highlights the roles of these active components, such as oligosaccharides, anthraquinones, and iridoid glycosides, in the treatment of AD via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for further utilization of MO.
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Zhu ZH, Yin XY, Xu TS, Tao WW, Yao GD, Wang PJ, Qi Q, Jia QF, Wang J, Zhu Y, Hui L. Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides mitigate chronic mild stress-induced inflammation and depression-like behaviour by deactivating the MyD88/PI3K pathway via E2F2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:855964. [PMID: 36052143 PMCID: PMC9426723 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.855964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides (MOs) are natural herbal extracts that have been shown to exert antidepressant effects. However, the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. Here, we explored the mechanism by which MOs improved experimental depression. Using a chronic mild stress (CMS) murine model, we examined whether MOs could protect against depressive-like behaviour. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and ATP-treated BV2 cells were used to examine the potential mechanism by which MOs mediate the inflammatory response. We found that MOs prevented the CMS-induced reduction in the sucrose preference ratio in the sucrose preference test (SPT) and shortened the immobility durations in both the tail suspension test (TST) and forced swim test (FST). We also noticed that MOs suppressed inflammatory effects by deactivating the MyD88/PI3K pathway via E2F2 in CMS mice or LPS- and ATP-stimulated BV2 cells. Furthermore, overexpression of E2F2 blunted the beneficial effects of MOs in vitro. Collectively, these data showed that MOs exerted antidepressant effects in CMS mice by targeting E2F2-mediated MyD88/PI3K signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Zhu
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xu-Yuan Yin
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tu-Sun Xu
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Tao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Da Yao
- Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Disease, Incubation Base of National Key Laboratory, Nanjing, China
| | - Pei-Jie Wang
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Fang Jia
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhu, ; Li Hui,
| | - Li Hui
- Research Center of Biological Psychiatry, Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhu, ; Li Hui,
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Hossain R, Quispe C, Herrera-Bravo J, Beltrán JF, Islam MT, Shaheen S, Cruz-Martins N, Martorell M, Kumar M, Sharifi-Rad J, Ozdemir FA, Setzer WN, Alshehri MM, Calina D, Cho WC. Neurobiological Promises of the Bitter Diterpene Lactone Andrographolide. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3079577. [PMID: 35154564 PMCID: PMC8825670 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3079577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Andrographolide (ANDRO), a bitter diterpene lactone found in Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, possesses several biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and organo-protective effects. Scientific reports suggest that it also has neuroprotective capacity in various test systems. The purpose of this review was to synthesize the neuropharmacological properties of ANDRO and highlight the molecular mechanisms of action that highlight these activities. A careful search was done in PubMed and Google Scholar databases using specific keywords. Findings suggest that ANDRO possess neuroprotective, analgesic, and antifatigue effects. Prominent effects were stated on neuro-inflammation, cerebral ischemia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, multiple sclerosis, and brain cancer in mice and rats. Furthermore, ANDRO and its derivatives can enhance memory and learning capacity in experimental animals (rats) without causing any toxicity in the brain. Thus, ANDRO may be one of the most promising plant-based psychopharmacological lead compounds for new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajib Hossain
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalga nj-8100, Bangladesh
| | - Cristina Quispe
- 2Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Avda. Arturo Prat 2120, Iquique 1110939, Chile
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- 3Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Chile
- 4Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Jorge F. Beltrán
- 5Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- 1Department of Pharmacy, Life Science Faculty, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalga nj-8100, Bangladesh
| | | | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- 7Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- 8Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- 9Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, PRD, Portugal
- 10TOXRUN-Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Miquel Martorell
- 11Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, And Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, 4070386 Concepción, Chile
- 12Universidad de Concepción, Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - Manoj Kumar
- 13Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, 400019, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Fethi Ahmet Ozdemir
- 15Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Art, Bingol University, Bingol 1200, Turkey
| | - William N. Setzer
- 16Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
| | - Mohammed M. Alshehri
- 17Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniela Calina
- 18Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - William C. Cho
- 19Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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Sun H, Cai Y, Shen J, Ma E, Zhao Z, Yang D, Yang X, Xu X. Chemical Fingerprint Analysis and Quantitative Analysis of Saccharides in Morindae Officinalis Radix by HPLC-ELSD. Molecules 2021; 26:7242. [PMID: 34885827 PMCID: PMC8659033 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A method based on high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection (HPLC-ELSD) was developed for the quantitative analysis of three active compounds and chemical fingerprint analyses of saccharides in Morindae officinalis radix. Ten batches of Morindae officinalis radix were collected from different plantations in the Guangdong region of China and used to establish the fingerprint. The samples were separated with a COSMOIL Sugar-D column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) by using gradient elution with water (A) and acetonitrile (B). In addition, Trapped-Ion-Mobility (tims) Time-Of-Flight (tims TOF) was used to identify saccharides of Morindae officinalis radix. Fingerprint chromatogram presented 26 common characteristic peaks in the roots of Morinda officinalis How, and the similarities were more than 0.926. In quantitative analysis, the three compounds showed good regression (r = 0.9995-0.9998) within the test ranges, and the recoveries of the method were in the range of 96.7-101.7%. The contents of sucrose, kestose and nystose in all samples were determined as 1.21-7.92%, 1.02-3.37%, and 2.38-6.55%, respectively. The developed HPLC fingerprint method is reliable and was validated for the quality control and identification of Morindae officinalis radix and can be successfully used to assess the quality of Morindae officinalis radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Sun
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- Infinitus (China) Co., Ltd., Jiangmen 529100, China
| | - Yini Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Enyao Ma
- Guangzhou Caizhilin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510360, China;
| | - Zhimin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Depo Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.)
| | - Xiuwei Yang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Xinjun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (Y.C.); (J.S.); (Z.Z.); (D.Y.)
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11
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Colognesi M, Gabbia D, De Martin S. Depression and Cognitive Impairment-Extrahepatic Manifestations of NAFLD and NASH. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E229. [PMID: 32708059 PMCID: PMC7400092 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8070229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its complication non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are important causes of liver disease worldwide. Recently, a significant association between these hepatic diseases and different central nervous system (CNS) disorders has been observed in an increasing number of patients. NAFLD-related CNS dysfunctions include cognitive impairment, hippocampal-dependent memory impairment, and mood imbalances (in particular, depression and anxiety). This review aims at summarizing the main correlations observed between NAFLD development and these CNS dysfunctions, focusing on the studies investigating the mechanism(s) involved in this association. Growing evidences point at cerebrovascular alteration, neuroinflammation, and brain insulin resistance as NAFLD/NASH-related CNS manifestations. Since the pharmacological options available for the management of these conditions are still limited, further studies are needed to unravel the mechanism(s) of NAFLD/NASH and their central manifestations and identify effective pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Colognesi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Daniela Gabbia
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Sara De Martin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, L.go Meneghetti 2, 35131 Padova, Italy
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12
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Li C, Huang J, Cheng YC, Zhang YW. Traditional Chinese Medicine in Depression Treatment: From Molecules to Systems. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:586. [PMID: 32457610 PMCID: PMC7221138 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is a multigenetic or multifactorial syndrome. The central neuron system (CNS)-orientated, single target, and conventional antidepressants are insufficient and far from ideal. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has historically been used to treat depression up till today, particularly in Asia. Its holistic, multidrug, multitarget nature fits well with the therapeutic idea of systems medicine in depression treatment. Over the past two decades, although efforts have been made to understand TCM herbal antidepressants at the molecular level, many fundamental questions regarding their mechanisms of action remain to be addressed at the systems level in order to better understand the complicated herbal formulations in depression treatment. In this Mini Review, we review and discuss the mechanisms of action of herbal antidepressants and their acting targets in the pathological systems in the brain, such as monoamine neurotransmissions, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, neurotropic factor brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) cascade, and glutamate transmission. Some herbal molecules, constituents, and formulas are highlighted as examples to discuss their mechanisms of action and future directions for comprehensive researches at the systems level. Furthermore, we discuss pharmacological approaches to integrate the mechanism of action from the molecular level into the systems level for understanding of systems pharmacology of TCM formulations. Integration of the studies at the molecular level into the systems level not only represents a trend in TCM study but also promotes our understanding of the system-wide mechanism of action of herbal antidepressant formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Li
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Junying Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yung-Chi Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yuan-Wei Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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13
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Yu Z, Chen N, Hu D, Chen W, Yuan Y, Meng S, Zhang W, Lu L, Han Y, Shi J. Decreased Density of Perineuronal Net in Prelimbic Cortex Is Linked to Depressive-Like Behavior in Young-Aged Rats. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:4. [PMID: 32116542 PMCID: PMC7025547 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are condensed extracellular matrix (ECM) structures regulating developmental plasticity and protecting neurons against oxidative stress. PNN abnormalities have been observed in various psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, but the relationship between PNN density and depression still remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the density and components of PNNs including aggrecan, neurocan and Tenascin-R in the prelimbic cortex (PrL) after chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). We found that depressive-like behaviors were induced after 30 days of CUMS accompanied by decreases in PNN+ cell density and aggrecan expression in the PrL. In addition, rats subjected to 20 days of CUMS were separated into vulnerable and resilient subpopulations that differ along several behavioral domains. Consistently, the density of PNNs and the expression level of neurocan in the vulnerable group were decreased compared to control and resilient groups. Finally, we examined individual differences based on locomotion in a novel context and classified rats as high responding (HR) and low responding (LR) phenotypes. The density of PNNs and the expression level of neurocan in the LR group were lower than the HR group. Moreover, the LR rats were more susceptible to depressive-like behaviors compared with HR rats. Altogether, these results suggest that the density of PNNs in the PrL is associated with depressive-like behaviors in young-aged rats, and it may serve as a potential endophenotype or therapeutic target for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhoulong Yu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Na Chen
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Die Hu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxi Chen
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yuan
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shiqiu Meng
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China.,The Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Michael H, Mpofana T, Ramlall S, Oosthuizen F. The Role of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor in HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder: From the Bench-Top to the Bedside. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:355-367. [PMID: 32099373 PMCID: PMC6999762 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s232836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) remains prevalent in the anti-retroviral (ART) era. While there is a complex interplay of many factors in the neuropathogenesis of HAND, decreased neurotrophic synthesis has been shown to contribute to synaptic degeneration which is a hallmark of HAND neuropathology. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is the most abundant and synaptic-promoting neurotrophic factor in the brain and plays a critical role in both learning and memory. Reduced BDNF levels can worsen neurocognitive impairment in HIV-positive individuals across several domains. In this paper, we review the evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies showing the neuroprotective roles of BDNF against viral proteins, effect on co-morbid mental health disorders, altered human microbiome and ART in HAND management. Potential applications of BDNF modulation in pharmacotherapeutic, cognitive and behavioral interventions in HAND are also discussed. Finally, research gaps and future research direction are identified with the aim of helping researchers to direct efforts to make these BDNF driven interventions improve the quality of life of patients living with HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Michael
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thabisile Mpofana
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Suvira Ramlall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Frasia Oosthuizen
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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15
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Shi J, Ren X, Wang J, Wei X, Liu B, Jia T. Effects of the Salt-Processing Method on the Pharmacokinetics and Tissue Distribution of Orally Administered Morinda officinalis How. Extract. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2020; 2020:5754183. [PMID: 32104608 PMCID: PMC7036132 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5754183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salt processing, which involves steaming with salt water, directs herbs into the kidney channel. After being salt processed, kidney invigorating effects occur. However, the underlying mechanism of this method remains elusive. The compounds monotropein, rubiadin, and rubiadin 1-methyl ether are the major effective components of Morinda officinalis How. To clarify the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of these three compounds, we employed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) to determine the contents of the three components in rat plasma and tissues. Separation was achieved on an Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm, Waters). Formic acid aqueous solution (0.1%; A) and acetonitrile (containing 0.1% formic acid; B) were used as the mobile phase system with a programmed elution of 0∼5 min with 70% A and then 5∼7 min with 60% A. All analytes were measured with optimized multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in negative ion mode. Geniposide and 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone were used as the internal standards (IS). The linear ranges were 1.2∼190, 1.3∼510, and 0.047∼37.5 μg/mL, respectively. Compared with the Morinda officinalis without wood (MO) group, the Cmax and AUC0-t parameters of rubiadin and rubiadin 1-methyl ether elevated remarkably for the salt-processed Morinda officinalis (SMO) groups, which indicates that steaming by salt could increase the bioavailability of rubiadin and rubiadin 1-methyl ether. The T max for monotropein is shorter (0.5 h) in SMO groups than that in MO group, which means that monotropein was quickly absorbed in the SMO extract. Moreover, the contents of three compounds in the small intestine were the highest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiaohang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Xiaofeng Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Bonan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Tianzhu Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian 116600, China
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16
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Chen XX, Xu YY, Wu R, Chen Z, Fang K, Han YX, Yu Y, Huang LL, Peng L, Ge JF. Resveratrol Reduces Glucolipid Metabolic Dysfunction and Learning and Memory Impairment in a NAFLD Rat Model: Involvement in Regulating the Imbalance of Nesfatin-1 Abundance and Copine 6 Expression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:434. [PMID: 31338065 PMCID: PMC6629830 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RES) is a polyphenolic compound, and our previous results have demonstrated its neuroprotective effect in a series of animal models. The aim of this study was to investigate its potential effect on a nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rat model. The parameters of liver function and glucose and lipid metabolism were measured. Behavior performance was observed via the open field test (OFT), the sucrose preference test (SPT), the elevated plus maze (EPM), the forced swimming test (FST), and the Morris water maze (MWM). The protein expression levels of Copine 6, p-catenin, catenin, p-glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3β), GSK3β, and cyclin D1 in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were detected using Western blotting. The results showed that RES could reverse nesfatin-1-related impairment of liver function and glucolipid metabolism, as indicated by the decreased plasma concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), direct bilirubin (DBIL), indirect bilirubin (IBIL), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), glucose, insulin, and nesfatin-1; increase the plasma level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C); and reduce hepatocyte steatosis in NAFLD rats. Although there was no significant difference among groups with regard to performance in the OFT, EPM, and FST tasks, RES-treated NAFLD rats showed an increased sucrose preference index in the SPT and improved learning and memory ability in the MWM task. Furthermore, the imbalanced protein expression levels of Copine 6, p-catenin, and p-GSK3β in the hippocampus and PFC of NAFLD rats were also restored to normal by treatment with RES. These results suggested that four consecutive weeks of RES treatment not only ameliorated glucolipid metabolic impairment and liver dysfunction in the NAFLD rat model but also mitigated the attendant behavioral and cognitive impairments. In addition to the mediating role of nesfatin-1, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of RES on NAFLD might be associated with its ability to regulate the imbalanced expression level of Copine 6 and the Wnt signaling pathway in the hippocampus and PFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xing Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ya-Yun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth People's Hospital in Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The People's Hospital of Huangshan, Huangshan, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Lujiang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Ke Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yin-Xiu Han
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yue Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ling-Ling Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jin-Fang Ge
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Fang Ge
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17
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Li Y, Peng Y, Ma P, Yang H, Xiong H, Wang M, Peng C, Tu P, Li X. Antidepressant-Like Effects of Cistanche tubulosa Extract on Chronic Unpredictable Stress Rats Through Restoration of Gut Microbiota Homeostasis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:967. [PMID: 30186183 PMCID: PMC6112285 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence shows that neuropsychiatric disorders, such as depression, are linked with gut microbiome through the gut–brain axis. Cistanches Herba is well known for the treatment of “kidney-yang” deficiency in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and has been used for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in recent years. In this study, chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced depression model was established to explore the impact of Cistanche tubulosa extract (CTE) on behavioral tests, monoamine neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors in hippocampus and colon, gut microbiota composition, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production. Moreover, correlation analysis was used to evaluate the functional relationship between altered gut microbiota, changed neurotransmitters and neurotrophins in hippocampus and colon, and disturbed concentration of SCFAs. CTE significantly improved depression-like behaviors in rats under CUS. Brain level of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression in CUS rats were restored by CTE. The relative abundance of gut microbiota and the concentrations of acetate and hexanoic acid could also be modulated by CTE treatment. We further showed that the application of CTE in CUS rats led to strong correlation among disrupted gut microbiota composition, hippocampus neurotransmitter levels, and production of neuroactive metabolite SCFAs. Altogether, these results identify CTE as a potential treatment for depressive symptoms by restoring homeostasis of gut microbiota for microbiota–gut–brain axis disorders, opening new avenues in the field of neuropsychopharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanlin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Xiong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyue Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chongsheng Peng
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengfei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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18
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Ahmed HI, Abdel-Sattar SA, Zaky HS. Vinpocetine halts ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like deficits in rats: impact on BDNF and GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018; 391:1327-1338. [PMID: 30083945 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1552-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
There are increasing evidences supporting the involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in schizophrenia. Vinpocetine, a nootropic phosphodiesterase-1 inhibitor, was proven to possess anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. This research aimed to reveal the likely protective features of vinpocetine against ketamine-induced schizophrenia-like deficits in rats. Additionally, the probable mechanisms contributing to this neuroprotection were also elucidated. Vinpocetine was given (20 mg/kg, i.p.) once a day for 14 days commencing 7 days before administrating ketamine (25 mg/kg i.p.). Risperidone was applied as a reference antipsychotic. Vinpocetine pre-treatment revealed a marked amendment in the hyperlocomotion, anxiety, and short-term memory deficits induced by ketamine in rats. In rats' hippocampus, ketamine induced a drastic increase in tissue levels of dopamine, lipid peroxidation, and pro-inflammatory cytokines along with a significant decrease in glutamate, GABA, SOD, and total anti-oxidant capacity. Also, ketamine induced a reduced level of BDNF together with the potentiation of GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway that led to the destruction of β-catenin. Pre-treatment of ketamine-challenged animals with vinpocetine significantly attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation, and neurotransmitter alterations. Vinpocetine also elevated BDNF expression and prevented ketamine-induced stimulation of the GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. This research presents enlightenments into the role of vinpocetine in schizophrenia. This role may be accomplished through its effect on oxidative stress, inflammation as well as modulating BDNF and the GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hebatalla I Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt.
| | - Somaia A Abdel-Sattar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
| | - Heba S Zaky
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
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19
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Hui J, Zhang J, Pu M, Zhou X, Dong L, Mao X, Shi G, Zou J, Wu J, Jiang D, Xi G. Modulation of GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling Contributes to Learning and Memory Impairment in a Rat Model of Depression. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:858-870. [PMID: 29688389 PMCID: PMC6119296 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is widely accepted that cognitive processes, such as learning and memory, are affected in depression, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the interactions of these 2 disorders are not clearly understood. Recently, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling was shown to play an important role in the regulation of learning and memory. METHODS The present study used a rat model of depression, chronic unpredictable stress, to determine whether hippocampal GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling was involved in learning and memory alterations. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that chronic unpredictable stress had a dramatic influence on spatial cognitive performance in the Morris water maze task and reduced the phosphorylation of Ser9 of GSK-3β as well as the total and nuclear levels of β-catenin in the hippocampus. Inhibition of GSK3β by SB216763 significantly ameliorated the cognitive deficits induced by chronic unpredictable stress, while overexpression of GSK3β by AAV-mediated gene transfer significantly decreased cognitive performance in adult rats. In addition, chronic unpredictable stress exposure increased the expression of the canonical Wnt antagonist Dkk-1. Furthermore, chronic administration of corticosterone significantly increased Dkk-1 expression, decreased the phosphorylation of Ser9 of GSK-3β, and resulted in the impairment of hippocampal learning and memory. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that impairment of learning and memory in response to chronic unpredictable stress may be attributed to the dysfunction of GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling mediated by increased glucocorticoid signaling via Dkk-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojie Hui
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Jianping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mengjia Pu
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xingliang Zhou
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research at USC, Department of Cell and Neurobiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Xuqiang Mao
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guofeng Shi
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingjing Wu
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Guangjun Xi
- Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China,Correspondence: Guangjun Xi, MD, PhD, The Department of Neurology, Wuxi People’s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No.299 Qingyang Road, Wuxi, PR China, 214023 ()
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Dihydromyricetin exerts a rapid antidepressant-like effect in association with enhancement of BDNF expression and inhibition of neuroinflammation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:233-244. [PMID: 29058041 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4761-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a highly prevalent illness that affects large populations across the world, and increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are closely related to depression. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) is a kind of flavonoid natural product that has been reported to display multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, and these may contribute to ameliorate MDD. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effect of DHM on depression-related phenotypes in various experimental animal models. METHODS The antidepressant-like effect of DHM was validated via depression-related behavioral tests in naïve male C57BL/6 mice, as well as in the acute lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse model of depression. The chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) mouse model of depression was also used to assess the rapid antidepressant-like effect of DHM by tail suspension test (TST), forced swimming test (FST), locomotor activity, and sucrose preference test (SPT). The expression of BDNF and inflammatory factors were determined through Western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS DHM reduced immobility time in the TST and FST both in mice and the acute LPS-induced mouse model of depression. Seven days of DHM treatment ameliorated depression-related behaviors induced by CUMS, whereas similar treatment with the typical antidepressant venlafaxine did not. DHM activated the ERK1/2-CREB pathway and increased glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) phosphorylation at ser-9, with upregulation of BDNF expression, in both hippocampal tissues and cultured hippocampal cells. CONCLUSION The present data indicate that DHM exerts a more rapid antidepressant-like effect than does a typical antidepressant, in association with enhancement of BDNF expression and inhibition of neuroinflammation.
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In Silico Prediction of the Anti-Depression Mechanism of a Herbal Formula (Tiansi Liquid) Containing Morinda officinalis and Cuscuta chinensis. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101614. [PMID: 28954415 PMCID: PMC6151506 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Depression is a sickening psychiatric condition that is prevalent worldwide. To manage depression, the underlying modes of antidepressant effect of herbals are important to be explored for the development of natural drugs. Tiansi Liquid is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) that is prescribed for the management of depression, however its underlying mechanism of action is still uncertain. The purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the pharmacological mode of action of a herbal formula used in TCM for the treatment of depression. Methods: Based on literature search, an ingredients-targets database was developed for Tiansi Liquid, followed by the identification of targets related to depression. The interaction between these targets was evaluated on the basis of protein-protein interaction network constructed by STITCH and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis using ClueGO plugin. Results: As a result of literature search, 57 components in Tiansi Liquid formula and 106 potential targets of these ingredients were retrieved. A careful screening of these targets led to the identification of 42 potential targets associated with depression. Ultimately, 327 GO terms were found by analysis of gene functional annotation clusters and abundance value of these targets. Most of these terms were found to be closely related to depression. A significant number of protein targets such as IL10, MAPK1, PTGS2, AKT1, APOE, PPARA, MAPK1, MIF, NOS3 and TNF-α were found to be involved in the functioning of Tiansi Liquid against depression. Conclusions: The findings elaborate that Tiansi Liquid can be utilized to manage depression, however, multiple molecular mechanisms of action could be proposed for this effect. The observed core mechanisms could be the sensory perception of pain, regulation of lipid transport and lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway.
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Hu D, Yu ZL, Zhang Y, Han Y, Zhang W, Lu L, Shi J. Bumetanide treatment during early development rescues maternal separation-induced susceptibility to stress. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11878. [PMID: 28928398 PMCID: PMC5605528 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders, such as depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, and schizophrenia. Early life stress, such as maternal separation, can have long-term effects on the development of the central nervous system and pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we found that maternal separation increased the susceptibility to stress in adolescent rats, increased the expression of Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1) on postnatal day 14, and increased the expression of K+/2Cl- cotransporter 2 (KCC2) and γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor subunits on postnatal day 40 in the hippocampus. NKCC1 inhibition by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drug bumetanide during the first two postnatal weeks rescued the depressive- and anxiety-like behavior that was induced by maternal separation and decreased the expression of NKCC1, KCC2 and GABAA receptor α1 and β2,3 subunits in the hippocampus. Bumetanide treatment during early development did not adversely affect body weight or normal behaviors in naive rats, or affect serum osmolality in adult rats. These results suggest that bumetanide treatment during early development may prevent the maternal separation-induced susceptibility to stress and impairments in GABAergic transmission in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Die Hu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhou-Long Yu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Institute of Mental Health, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Key Laboratory for Neuroscience of the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Healthy, Beijing, 100191, China.
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The Neuroprotective Effects of Muscle-Derived Stem Cells via Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Spinal Cord Injury Model. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:1972608. [PMID: 28758111 PMCID: PMC5516736 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1972608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) possess multipotent differentiation and self-renewal capacities; however, the effects and mechanism in neuron injury remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of MDSCs on neuron secondary injury, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. An in vivo study showed the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score and number of neurons significantly increased after MDSCs' transplantation in spinal cord injury (SCI) rats. An in vitro study demonstrated that MDSCs attenuated neuron apoptosis, and the expression of antioxidants was upregulated as well as the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax in the MNT (MDSCs cocultured with injured neurons) group compared with the NT (injured neurons) group. Both LC3II/LC3I and β-catenin were enhanced in the MNT group, while XAV939 (a β-catenin inhibitor) decreased the expression of nuclear erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and LC3II/LC3I. Moreover, MDSCs became NSE- (neuron-specific enolase-) positive neuron-like cells with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) treatment. The correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant relation between the level of BDNF and neuron injury. These findings suggest that MDSCs may protect the spinal cord from injury by inhibiting apoptosis and replacing injured neurons, and the increased BDNF and β-catenin could contribute to MDSCs' effects.
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Gao XJ, Yuan K, Cao L, Yan W, Luo YX, Jian M, Liu JF, Fang Q, Wang JS, Han Y, Shi J, Lu L. AMPK signaling in the nucleus accumbens core mediates cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1038. [PMID: 28432301 PMCID: PMC5430902 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01043-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Relapse to drug seeking can be caused by exposure to drug-associated cues, provoking drug craving even after prolonged abstinence. Recent studies demonstrated that AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates neuronal morphology and membrane excitability in neurons. Here, we investigated the role of AMPK activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in relapse to cocaine seeking. We found that exposure to drug-related cues reinstated cocaine-seeking behavior and increased AMPK and p70s6k phosphorylation in the NAc core but not shell. Augmenting AMPK activity by intra-NAc core infusions of the AMPK activator 5-amino-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR) or adenovirus expressing constitutively active subunits of AMPK decreased cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking and inhibited the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) pathways. In contrast, inhibition of AMPK activity by intra-NAc core infusions of the AMPK inhibitor compound C or adenovirus expressing dominant-negative subunits of AMPK increased cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking and enhanced mTORC1 and ERK1/2 activity. The regulation of AMPK activity in the NAc shell had no effect on cue-induced cocaine seeking. Altogether, these results indicate that AMPK activity in the NAc core is critical for the cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine seeking, which may be mediated by mTORC1 and ERK1/2 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Jiao Gao
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.,Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Yan
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical College, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
| | - Min Jian
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Qin Fang
- Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ji-Shi Wang
- Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmacy of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Shi
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Lin Lu
- National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence, Peking University, Beijing, China. .,Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing, China. .,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Antidepressant-like effects of ginsenoside Rg5 in mice: Involving of hippocampus BDNF signaling pathway. Neurosci Lett 2017; 645:97-105. [PMID: 28257788 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg5 is one of the major bioactive ingredients of Panax ginseng with little toxicity and has been shown to have pharmacological effects on the central nervous system. In this study, we investigated the antidepressant effects of Rg5 in mice models of depression. The effects of Rg5 were first assessed in the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST), and then investigated in the chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of depression. The changes in hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling pathway after CSDS and Rg5 treatment were also examined. The tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor and tyrosine kinase B inhibitor were used to explore the antidepressant mechanisms of Rg5. It was found that Rg5 exhibited antidepressant-like activities in the FST and TST without affecting locomotor activity. Rg5 was also effective in the CSDS model of depression, and restored the CSDS-induced decrease in hippocampal BDNF signaling cascade. Moreover, the usage of the tyrosine kinase B inhibitor blocked the antidepressant effects of Rg5, while the tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor did not. Collectively, ginsenoside Rg5 has antidepressant activities via the activation of hippocampal BDNF system.
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