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McCulloch TR, Rossi GR, Miranda-Hernandez S, Valencia-Hernandez AM, Alim L, Belle CJ, Krause A, Zacchi LF, Lam PY, Nakamura K, Kupz A, Wells TJ, Souza-Fonseca-Guimaraes F. The immune checkpoint TIGIT is upregulated on T cells during bacterial infection and is a potential target for immunotherapy. Immunol Cell Biol 2024. [PMID: 38873699 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance is a major public health threat, and alternatives to antibiotic therapy are urgently needed. Immunotherapy, particularly the blockade of inhibitory immune checkpoints, is a leading treatment option in cancer and autoimmunity. In this study, we used a murine model of Salmonella Typhimurium infection to investigate whether immune checkpoint blockade could be applied to bacterial infection. We found that the immune checkpoint T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT) was significantly upregulated on lymphocytes during infection, particularly on CD4+ T cells, drastically limiting their proinflammatory function. Blockade of TIGIT in vivo using monoclonal antibodies was able to enhance immunity and improve bacterial clearance. The efficacy of anti-TIGIT was dependent on the capacity of the antibody to bind to Fc (fragment crystallizable) receptors, giving important insights into the mechanism of anti-TIGIT therapy. This research suggests that targeting immune checkpoints, such as TIGIT, has the potential to enhance immune responses toward bacteria and restore antibacterial treatment options in the face of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy R McCulloch
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Gustavo R Rossi
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Socorro Miranda-Hernandez
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Louisa Alim
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Clemence J Belle
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrew Krause
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Lucia F Zacchi
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Pui Yeng Lam
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kyohei Nakamura
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Timothy J Wells
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Zhang T, Fu W, Liu D, He Y, Wang J, Ma T. ADENOSINE INFLUENCES FOXP3 EXPRESSION OF T REGS VIA THE A2AR/CREB PATHWAY IN A MOUSE MODEL OF SEPSIS. Shock 2024; 61:924-933. [PMID: 38010286 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000002281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The adenosine concentration and forkhead box protein (Foxp3) expression in T regulatory cells (T regs ) are increased during sepsis. However, the mechanism by which adenosine induces Foxp3 expression is incompletely understood. A cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model was constructed using C57BL/J mice. The plasma adenosine concentration and Foxp3 expression in splenic T regs were increased consistently for 15 days after sepsis onset. Analysis of the mean fluorescence intensity of Foxp3 and adenosine concentration in the same mice revealed a linear correlation. In the CLP model, adenosine 2a receptor (A2aR) blockade inhibited Foxp3 expression in T regs . In vitro activation of A2aR promoted Foxp3 expression in T regs and facilitated secretion of extracellular vesicles. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that A2aR blockade led to changes in cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription in T regs in our sepsis model. Use of adenosine or A2aR agonists promoted CREB expression, CREB phosphorylation at S133, T reg expression of Foxp3, and enhanced inhibition of proliferation of cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ lymphocytes. A2aR blockade or inhibition of CREB expression inhibited Foxp3 expression in T regs . In the CLP model, use of CREB inhibitors could inhibit Foxp3 expression and reduce the bacterial load. In summary, adenosine in sepsis promotes CREB phosphorylation via A2aR which, in turn, upregulates Foxp3 expression in T regs .
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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3
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Huang S, Liu D, Han L, Deng J, Wang Z, Jiang J, Zeng L. Decoding the potential role of regulatory T cells in sepsis-induced immunosuppression. Eur J Immunol 2024; 54:e2350730. [PMID: 38430202 DOI: 10.1002/eji.202350730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis, a multiorgan dysfunction with high incidence and mortality, is caused by an imbalanced host-to-infection immune response. Organ-support therapy improves the early survival rate of sepsis patients. In the long term, those who survive the "cytokine storm" and its secondary damage usually show higher susceptibility to secondary infections and sepsis-induced immunosuppression, in which regulatory T cells (Tregs) are evidenced to play an essential role. However, the potential role and mechanism of Tregs in sepsis-induced immunosuppression remains elusive. In this review, we elucidate the role of different functional subpopulations of Tregs during sepsis and then review the mechanism of sepsis-induced immunosuppression from the aspects of regulatory characteristics, epigenetic modification, and immunometabolism of Tregs. Thoroughly understanding how Tregs impact the immune system during sepsis may shed light on preclinical research and help improve the translational value of sepsis immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Huang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Deng
- Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zeng
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liu X, Chen L, Peng W, Deng H, Ni H, Tong H, Hu H, Wang S, Qian J, Liang A, Chen K. Th17/Treg balance: the bloom and wane in the pathophysiology of sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1356869. [PMID: 38558800 PMCID: PMC10978743 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1356869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a multi-organ dysfunction characterized by an unregulated host response to infection. It is associated with high morbidity, rapid disease progression, and high mortality. Current therapies mainly focus on symptomatic treatment, such as blood volume supplementation and antibiotic use, but their effectiveness is limited. Th17/Treg balance, based on its inflammatory property, plays a crucial role in determining the direction of the inflammatory response and the regression of organ damage in sepsis patients. This review provides a summary of the changes in T-helper (Th) 17 cell and regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation and function during sepsis, the heterogeneity of Th17/Treg balance in the inflammatory response, and the relationship between Th17/Treg balance and organ damage. Th17/Treg balance exerts significant control over the bloom and wanes in host inflammatory response throughout sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyong Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Longwang Chen
- Emergency Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongsheng Deng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongying Ni
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hongjie Tong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Hangbo Hu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Shengchao Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Andong Liang
- Nursing Faculty, School of Medicine, Jinhua Polytechnic, Jinhua, China
| | - Kun Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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5
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Zhong X, Xie H, Wang S, Ren T, Chen J, Huang Y, Yang N. TIGIT regulates CD4 + T cell immunity against polymicrobial sepsis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1290564. [PMID: 38545097 PMCID: PMC10965661 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1290564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sepsis is one of the major causes of death and increased health care burden in modern intensive care units. Immune checkpoints have been prompted to be key modulators of T cell activation, T cell tolerance and T cell exhaustion. This study was designed to investigate the role of the negative immune checkpoint, T cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT), in the early stage of sepsis. Method An experimental murine model of sepsis was developed by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). TIGIT and CD155 expression in splenocytes at different time points were assessed using flow cytometry. And the phenotypes of TIGIT-deficient (TIGIT-/-) and wild-type (WT) mice were evaluated to explore the engagement of TIGIT in the acute phase of sepsis. In addition, the characteristics were also evaluated in the WT septic mice pretreated with anti-TIGIT antibody. TIGIT and CD155 expression in tissues was measured using real-time quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Proliferation and effector function of splenic immune cells were evaluated by flow cytometry. Clinical severity and tissue injury were scored to evaluate the function of TIGIT on sepsis. Additionally, tissue injury biomarkers in peripheral blood, as well as bacterial load in peritoneal lavage fluid and liver were also measured. Results The expression of TIGIT in splenic T cells and NK cells was significantly elevated at 24 hours post CLP.TIGIT and CD155 mRNA levels were upregulated in sepsis-involved organs when mice were challenged with CLP. In CLP-induced sepsis, CD4+ T cells from TIGIT-/- mice shown increased proliferation potency and cytokine production when compared with that from WT mice. Meanwhile, innate immune system was mobilized in TIGIT-/- mice as indicated by increased proportion of neutrophils and macrophages with potent effector function. In addition, tissue injury and bacteria burden in the peritoneal cavity and liver was reduced in TIGIT-/- mice with CLP induced sepsis. Similar results were observed in mice treated with anti-TIGIT antibody. Conclusion TIGIT modulates CD4+ T cell response against polymicrobial sepsis, suggesting that TIGIT could serve as a potential therapeutic target for sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexin Zhong
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiping Xie
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junlin Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuefang Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niansheng Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu X, Song CY, Wang P, Li L, Lin LY, Jiang S, Zhou JN, Feng MX, Yang YM, Lu YQ. The clinical trajectory of peripheral blood immune cell subsets, T-cell activation, and cytokines in septic patients. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:145-155. [PMID: 38085279 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01825-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Changes in the immune status of patients with sepsis may have a major impact on their prognosis. Our research focused on changes in various immune cell subsets and T-cell activation during the progression of sepsis. METHODS AND SUBJECTS We collected data from 188 sepsis patients at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The main focus was on the patient's immunocyte subset typing, T-cell activation/Treg cell analysis, and cytokine assay, which can indicate the immune status of the patient. RESULTS The study found that the number of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK cells, and B cells decreased early in the disease, and the decrease in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was more pronounced in the death group. T lymphocyte activation was inhibited, and the number of Treg cells increased as the disease progressed. T lymphocyte inhibition was more significant in the death group, and the increase in IL-10 was more significant in the death group. Finally, we used patients' baseline conditions and immunological detection indicators for modeling and found that IL-10, CD4+ Treg cells, CD3+HLA-DR+ T cells, and CD3+CD69+ T cells could predict patients' prognosis well. CONCLUSION Our study found that immunosuppression occurs in patients early in sepsis. Early monitoring of the patient's immune status may provide a timely warning of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Lu
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong-Ying Song
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Ying Lin
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ning Zhou
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Xiao Feng
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Mei Yang
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Geriatric and Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-Chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Zhou Y, Xu Z, Liu Z. Role of IL-33-ST2 pathway in regulating inflammation: current evidence and future perspectives. J Transl Med 2023; 21:902. [PMID: 38082335 PMCID: PMC10714644 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-33 is an alarmin of the IL-1 superfamily localized to the nucleus of expressing cells, such as endothelial cells, epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. In response to cellular damage or stress, IL-33 is released and activates innate immune responses in some immune and structural cells via its receptor interleukin-1 receptor like-1 (IL-1RL1 or ST2). Recently, IL-33 has become a hot topic of research because of its role in pulmonary inflammation. The IL-33-ST2 signaling pathway plays a pro-inflammatory role by activating the type 2 inflammatory response, producing type 2 cytokines and chemokines. Elevated levels of IL-33 and ST2 have been observed in chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD). Notably, IL-33 is present in COPD induced by cigarette smoke or acute inflammations. The role of IL-33 in sepsis is becoming increasingly prominent, and understanding its significance in the treatment of sepsis associated with high mortality is critical. In addition to its pro-inflammatory effects, the IL-33-ST2 axis appears to play a role in bacterial clearance and tissue repair. In this review, we focused on the role of the IL-33-ST2 axis in sepsis, asthma, and COPD and summarized the therapeutic targets associated with this axis, providing a basis for future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhendong Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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de Lima MHF, Machado CC, Nascimento DC, Silva CMS, Toller-Kawahisa JE, Rodrigues TS, Veras FP, Pontelli MC, Castro IA, Zamboni DS, Filho JCA, Cunha TM, Arruda E, da Cunha LD, Oliveira RDR, Cunha FQ, Louzada-Junior P. The TIGIT + T regulatory cells subset associates with nosocomial infection and fatal outcome in COVID-19 patients under mechanical ventilation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13599. [PMID: 37604833 PMCID: PMC10442317 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39924-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The TIGIT+FOXP3+Treg subset (TIGIT+Tregs) exerts robust suppressive activity on cellular immunity and predisposes septic individuals to opportunistic infection. We hypothesized that TIGIT+Tregs could play an important role in intensifying the COVID-19 severity and hampering the defense against nosocomial infections during hospitalization. Herein we aimed to verify the association between the levels of the TIGIT+Tregs with the mechanical ventilation requirement, fatal outcome, and bacteremia during hospitalization. TIGIT+Tregs were immunophenotyped by flow cytometry from the peripheral blood of 72 unvaccinated hospitalized COVID-19 patients at admission from May 29th to August 6th, 2020. The patients were stratified during hospitalization according to their mechanical ventilation requirement and fatal outcome. COVID-19 resulted in a high prevalence of the TIGIT+Tregs at admission, which progressively increased in patients with mechanical ventilation needs and fatal outcomes. The prevalence of TIGIT+Tregs positively correlated with poor pulmonary function and higher plasma levels of LDH, HMGB1, FGL2, and TNF. The non-survivors presented higher plasma levels of IL-33, HMGB1, FGL2, IL-10, IL-6, and 5.54 times more bacteremia than survivors. Conclusions: The expansion of the TIGIT+Tregs in COVID-19 patients was associated with inflammation, lung dysfunction, bacteremia, and fatal outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhael Haruo Fernandes de Lima
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, Emergency, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Caio Cavalcante Machado
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, Emergency, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Daniele Carvalho Nascimento
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Meirelles S Silva
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Escher Toller-Kawahisa
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Tamara Silva Rodrigues
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Flavio Protassio Veras
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Marjorie Cornejo Pontelli
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Italo A Castro
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dario Simões Zamboni
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José-Carlos A Filho
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cunha
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Eurico Arruda
- Virology Research Center, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Larissa Dias da Cunha
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renê D R Oliveira
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, Emergency, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Fernando Q Cunha
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Departament of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Louzada-Junior
- Divisions of Clinical Immunology, Emergency, Infectious Diseases and Intensive Care Unit, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
- Center of Research in Inflammatory Diseases, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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9
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Noel S, Lee K, Gharaie S, Kurzhagen JT, Pierorazio PM, Arend LJ, Kuchroo VK, Cahan P, Rabb H. Immune Checkpoint Molecule TIGIT Regulates Kidney T Cell Functions and Contributes to AKI. J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 34:755-771. [PMID: 36747315 PMCID: PMC10125646 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT T cells mediate pathogenic and reparative processes during AKI, but the exact mechanisms regulating kidney T cell functions are unclear. This study identified upregulation of the novel immune checkpoint molecule, TIGIT, on mouse and human kidney T cells after AKI. TIGIT-expressing kidney T cells produced proinflammatory cytokines and had effector (EM) and central memory (CM) phenotypes. TIGIT-deficient mice had protection from both ischemic and nephrotoxic AKI. Single-cell RNA sequencing led to the discovery of possible downstream targets of TIGIT. TIGIT mediates AKI pathophysiology, is a promising novel target for AKI therapy, and is being increasingly studied in human cancer therapy trials. BACKGROUND T cells play pathogenic and reparative roles during AKI. However, mechanisms regulating T cell responses are relatively unknown. We investigated the roles of the novel immune checkpoint molecule T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif domains (TIGIT) in kidney T cells and AKI outcomes. METHODS TIGIT expression and functional effects were evaluated in mouse kidney T cells using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and flow cytometry. TIGIT effect on AKI outcomes was studied with TIGIT knockout (TIGIT-KO) mice in ischemia reperfusion (IR) and cisplatin AKI models. Human kidney T cells from nephrectomy samples and single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) data from the Kidney Precision Medicine Project were used to assess TIGIT's role in humans. RESULTS RNA-Seq and flow cytometry analysis of mouse kidney CD4+ T cells revealed increased expression of TIGIT after IR injury. Ischemic injury also increased TIGIT expression in human kidney T cells, and TIGIT expression was restricted to T/natural killer cell subsets in patients with AKI. TIGIT-expressing kidney T cells in wild type (WT) mice had an effector/central memory phenotype and proinflammatory profile at baseline and post-IR. Kidney regulatory T cells were predominantly TIGIT+ and significantly reduced post-IR. TIGIT-KO mice had significantly reduced kidney injury after IR and nephrotoxic injury compared with WT mice. scRNA-Seq analysis showed enrichment of genes related to oxidative phosphorylation and mTORC1 signaling in Th17 cells from TIGIT-KO mice. CONCLUSIONS TIGIT expression increases in mouse and human kidney T cells during AKI, worsens AKI outcomes, and is a novel therapeutic target for AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Noel
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kyungho Lee
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sepideh Gharaie
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Philip M. Pierorazio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Lois J. Arend
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vijay K. Kuchroo
- Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patrick Cahan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
- Department of Molecular Biology & Genetics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hamid Rabb
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
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TIGIT-Fc Prolongs Corneal Allograft Survival in Mice by Upregulating TIGIT/CD226 Expression and the Proportion of Helios + Foxp3 + Treg Cells. Transplantation 2023; 107:372-381. [PMID: 35876368 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000004257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reduction of graft rejection remains key issue for supporting long-term graft retention after corneal transplantation. The relevance of Treg in reduction of corneal allografts rejection has been demonstrated. It has been recently reported that in addition to Foxp3, Helios is also considered to be a marker of activated Treg. Helios + Foxp3 + Treg are considered to be the true immunosuppressive Treg. TIGIT is an immunosuppressive costimulatory molecule that was found to be highly expressed on the surface of Helios + Foxp3 + Treg. METHODS In this study, we aimed to explore whether supplementing TIGIT would result in an expansion and activation of Helios + Foxp3 + Treg thus to mediate an immune tolerance following corneal transplantation by administering topically and systemically TIGIT-Fc treatment in murine models. RESULTS TIGIT-Fc treatment significantly improved the survival of corneal allograft compared with the control group. TIGIT-Fc treatment increased TIGIT/CD226 expression, the proportion of Helios + Foxp3 + Treg cells and an enhanced ex vivo suppressive effect from peripheral lymph nodes isolated Treg cells. Furthermore, the expression of Helios in corneal grafts was upregulated, whereas expression of CD226 and production of aqueous interferon-γ and VEGF were reduced by TIGIT-Fc treatment. CONCLUSIONS TIGIT-Fc treatment could specifically upregulate Helios + Foxp3 + Treg-mediated immune response after allogeneic corneal transplantation via TIGIT/CD226-CD155 pathway which improves the survival of allografts.
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Liu R, Liu L, Wei C, Li D. IL-33/ST2 immunobiology in coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:990007. [PMID: 36337880 PMCID: PMC9630943 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.990007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-33/ST2 axis is reported to be controversially associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). A systematic review of the association between the IL-33/ST2 axis and CAD revealed that IL-33/ST2 plays a protective role in CAD and serum sST2 and IL-33 levels are increased in patients with cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the association of IL-33/ST2 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with CAD prevalence, prognosis, and risk factors was assessed by performing a meta-analysis. Through a literature search of relevant articles in various databases using the relevant keywords, seven studies were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis showed that the IL-33/ST2 axis was associated with increased CAD risk [pooled odds ratio (OR) = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.13–1.20]. Gene subgroup analysis showed a close association of IL1RL1 (OR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.20–1.30; I2 = 85.9%; p = 0.000) and IL1RAcP (OR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.26–1.60; I2 = 27.1%; p = 0.203) with increased CAD risk. However, the association for the IL-33 gene was not statistically significant. SNPs rs7044343 (T), rs10435816 (G), rs11792633 (C) in IL-33 gene were associated with a protective effect in CAD. However, rs7025417 (T) in IL-33, rs11685424 (G) in IL1RL1, rs950880 (A) in sST2, and rs4624606 (A) in IL1RAcP were related to increased CAD risk. Overall, polymorphisms in IL-33/ST2 axis components were associated with increased CAD risk. These results may help identify key features of IL-33/ST2 immunobiology in CAD along with potential treatment strategies to lower disease burden.
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Wang N, Lu Y, Zheng J, Liu X. Of mice and men: Laboratory murine models for recapitulating the immunosuppression of human sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956448. [PMID: 35990662 PMCID: PMC9388785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged immunosuppression is increasingly recognized as the major cause of late phase and long-term mortality in sepsis. Numerous murine models with different paradigms, such as lipopolysaccharide injection, bacterial inoculation, and barrier disruption, have been used to explore the pathogenesis of immunosuppression in sepsis or to test the efficacy of potential therapeutic agents. Nonetheless, the reproducibility and translational value of such models are often questioned, owing to a highly heterogeneric, complex, and dynamic nature of immunopathology in human sepsis, which cannot be consistently and stably recapitulated in mice. Despite of the inherent discrepancies that exist between mice and humans, we can increase the feasibility of murine models by minimizing inconsistency and increasing their clinical relevance. In this mini review, we summarize the current knowledge of murine models that are most commonly used to investigate sepsis-induced immunopathology, highlighting their strengths and limitations in mimicking the dysregulated immune response encountered in human sepsis. We also propose potential directions for refining murine sepsis models, such as reducing experimental inconsistencies, increasing the clinical relevance, and enhancing immunological similarities between mice and humans; such modifications may optimize the value of murine models in meeting research and translational demands when applied in studies of sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- West China Biopharm Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongling Lu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Zheng
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Zheng, ; Xin Liu,
| | - Xin Liu
- Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Army Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Zheng, ; Xin Liu,
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Gao YL, Liu YC, Zhang X, Shou ST, Chai YF. Insight Into Regulatory T Cells in Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Front Neurol 2022; 13:830784. [PMID: 35370925 PMCID: PMC8965708 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.830784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction during sepsis, and is associated with increased mortality and poor outcomes in septic patients. Despite the high incidence and clinical relevance, the exact mechanisms driving SAE pathogenesis are not yet fully understood, and no specific therapeutic strategies are available. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have a role in SAE pathogenesis, thought to be related with alleviation of sepsis-induced hyper-inflammation and immune responses, promotion of T helper (Th) 2 cells functional shift, neuroinflammation resolution, improvement of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) function, among others. Moreover, in a clinical point of view, these cells have the potential value of improving neurological and psychiatric/mental symptoms in SAE patients. This review aims to provide a general overview of SAE from its initial clinical presentation to long-term cognitive impairment and summarizes the main features of its pathogenesis. Additionally, a detailed overview on the main mechanisms by which Tregs may impact SAE pathogenesis is given. Finally, and considering that Tregs may be a novel target for immunomodulatory intervention in SAE, different therapeutic options, aiming to boost peripheral and brain infiltration of Tregs, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-lei Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Yu-lei Gao
| | - Yan-cun Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rizhao People's Hospital of Shandong Province, Rizhao, China
| | - Song-tao Shou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-fen Chai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yan-fen Chai
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