1
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Kranjec C, Mathew JP, Ovchinnikov K, Fadayomi I, Yang Y, Kjos M, Li WW. A bacteriocin-based coating strategy to prevent vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium biofilm formation on materials of interest for indwelling medical devices. Biofilm 2024; 8:100211. [PMID: 39071174 PMCID: PMC11282937 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The ever-increasing use of exogenous materials as indwelling medical devices in modern medicine offers to pathogens new ways to gain access to human body and begin, in some cases, life threatening infections. Biofouling of such materials with bacteria or fungi is a major concern during surgeries, since this is often associated with biofilm formation and difficult to treat, recalcitrant infections. Intense research efforts have therefore developed several strategies to shield the medical devices' surface from colonization by pathogenic microorganisms. Here, we used dopamine as a coupling agent to coat four different materials of medical interest (plastic polyetheretherketone (PEEK), stainless steel, titanium and silicone catheter) with the bacteriocins, enterocin EJ97-short and the thiopeptide micrococcin P1. Water contact angle measurements and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to verify the effective coating of the materials. The effect of bacteriocins coated on these materials on the biofilm formation by a vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) strain was studied by biofilm-oriented antimicrobial test (BOAT) and electron scanning microscopy. The in vitro biocompatibility of bacteriocin-modified biomaterials was tested on cultured human cells. The results demonstrated that the binding of the bacteriocins to the implant surfaces is achieved, and the two bacteriocins in combination could inhibit biofilm formation by E. faecium on all four materials. The modified implant showed no cytotoxicity to the human cells tested. Therefore, surface modification with the two bacteriocins may offer a novel and effective way to prevent biofilm formation on a wide range of implant materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kranjec
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Jills Puthiaparambil Mathew
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Kirill Ovchinnikov
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Idowu Fadayomi
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Ying Yang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
| | - Morten Kjos
- Laboratory of Microbial Gene Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science. Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 1430, Ås, Norway
| | - Wen-Wu Li
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Guy Hilton Research Centre, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, ST4 7QB, UK
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2
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Will V, Frey C, Normant V, Kuhn L, Chicher J, Volck F, Schalk IJ. The role of FoxA, FiuA, and FpvB in iron acquisition via hydroxamate-type siderophores in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Rep 2024; 14:18795. [PMID: 39138320 PMCID: PMC11322547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are specialized molecules produced by bacteria and fungi to scavenge iron, a crucial nutrient for growth and metabolism. Catecholate-type siderophores are mainly produced by bacteria, while hydroxamates are mostly from fungi. This study investigates the capacity of nine hydroxamate-type siderophores from fungi and Streptomyces to facilitate iron acquisition by the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Growth assays under iron limitation and 55Fe incorporation tests showed that all nine siderophores promoted bacterial growth and iron transport. The study also aimed to identify the TonB-dependent transporters (TBDTs) involved in iron import by these siderophores. Using mutant strains lacking specific TBDT genes, it was found that iron is imported into P. aeruginosa cells by FpvB for coprogen, triacetylfusarinine, fusigen, ferrirhodin, and ferrirubin. Iron complexed by desferioxamine G is transported by FpvB and FoxA, ferricrocin-Fe and ferrichrycin-Fe by FpvB and FiuA, and rhodotoluric acid-Fe by FpvB, FiuA, and another unidentified TBDT. These findings highlight the effectiveness of hydroxamate-type siderophores in iron transport into P. aeruginosa and provide insights into the complex molecular mechanisms involved, which are important for understanding microbial interactions and ecological balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Will
- CNRS, UMR7242, UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
- UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Chloé Frey
- CNRS, UMR7242, UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
- UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Normant
- CNRS, UMR7242, UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
- UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Lauriane Kuhn
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, CNRS, UAR1589, Plateforme Proteomique Strasbourg - Esplanade, 2 Allée Konrad Roentgen, 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Johana Chicher
- Institut de Biologie Moléculaire Et Cellulaire, CNRS, UAR1589, Plateforme Proteomique Strasbourg - Esplanade, 2 Allée Konrad Roentgen, 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Florian Volck
- CNRS, UMR7242, UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
- UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France
| | - Isabelle J Schalk
- CNRS, UMR7242, UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.
- UMR7242, ESBS, University of Strasbourg, Bld Sébastien Brant, 67412, Illkirch, Strasbourg, France.
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3
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Zeng P, Wang H, Zhang P, Leung SSY. Unearthing naturally-occurring cyclic antibacterial peptides and their structural optimization strategies. Biotechnol Adv 2024; 73:108371. [PMID: 38704105 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2024.108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Natural products with antibacterial activity are highly desired globally to combat against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Antibacterial peptide (ABP), especially cyclic ABP (CABP), is one of the abundant classes. Most of them were isolated from microbes, demonstrating excellent bactericidal effects. With the improved proteolytic stability, CABPs are normally considered to have better druggability than linear peptides. However, most clinically-used CABP-based antibiotics, such as colistin, also face the challenges of drug resistance soon after they reached the market, urgently requiring the development of next-generation succedaneums. We present here a detail review on the novel naturally-occurring CABPs discovered in the past decade and some of them are under clinical trials, exhibiting anticipated application potential. According to their chemical structures, they were broadly classified into five groups, including (i) lactam/lactone-based CABPs, (ii) cyclic lipopeptides, (iii) glycopeptides, (iv) cyclic sulfur-rich peptides and (v) multiple-modified CABPs. Their chemical structures, antibacterial spectrums and proposed mechanisms are discussed. Moreover, engineered analogs of these novel CABPs are also summarized to preliminarily analyze their structure-activity relationship. This review aims to provide a global perspective on research and development of novel CABPs to highlight the effectiveness of derivatives design in identifying promising antibacterial agents. Further research efforts in this area are believed to play important roles in fighting against the multidrug-resistance crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Honglan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Sharon Shui Yee Leung
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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4
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Morandini L, Caulier S, Bragard C, Mahillon J. Bacillus cereus sensu lato antimicrobial arsenal: An overview. Microbiol Res 2024; 283:127697. [PMID: 38522411 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group contains genetically closed bacteria displaying a variety of phenotypic features and lifestyles. The group is mainly known through the properties of three major species: the entomopathogen Bacillus thuringiensis, the animal and human pathogen Bacillus anthracis and the foodborne opportunistic strains of B. cereus sensu stricto. Yet, the actual diversity of the group is far broader and includes multiple lifestyles. Another less-appreciated aspect of B. cereus members lies within their antimicrobial potential which deserves consideration in the context of growing emergence of resistance to antibiotics and pesticides, and makes it crucial to find new sources of antimicrobial molecules. This review presents the state of knowledge on the known antimicrobial compounds of the B. cereus group members, which are grouped according to their chemical features and biosynthetic pathways. The objective is to provide a comprehensive review of the antimicrobial range exhibited by this group of bacteria, underscoring the interest in its potent biocontrol arsenal and encouraging further research in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Caulier
- Laboratory of Plant Health, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
| | - Claude Bragard
- Laboratory of Plant Health, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve B-1348, Belgium
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5
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Müller S, DeLeon O, Atkinson SN, Saravia F, Kellogg S, Shank EA, Kirby JR. Thiocillin contributes to the ecological fitness of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579 during interspecies interactions with Myxococcus xanthus. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1295262. [PMID: 38075900 PMCID: PMC10704990 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1295262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The soil-dwelling delta-proteobacterium Myxococcus xanthus is a model organism to study predation and competition. M. xanthus preys on a broad range of bacteria mediated by lytic enzymes, exopolysaccharides, Type-IV pilus-based motility, and specialized metabolites. Competition between M. xanthus and prey bacterial strains with various specialized metabolite profiles indicates a range of fitness, suggesting that specialized metabolites contribute to prey survival. To expand our understanding of how specialized metabolites affect predator-prey dynamics, we assessed interspecies interactions between M. xanthus and two strains of Bacillus cereus. While strain ATCC 14579 resisted predation, strain T was found to be highly sensitive to M. xanthus predation. The interaction between B. cereus ATCC 14579 and M. xanthus appears to be competitive, resulting in population loss for both predator and prey. Genome analysis revealed that ATCC 14579 belongs to a clade that possesses the biosynthetic gene cluster for production of thiocillins, whereas B. cereus strain T lacks those genes. Further, purified thiocillin protects B. cereus strains unable to produce this specialized metabolite, strengthening the finding that thiocillin protects against predation and contributes to the ecological fitness of B. cereus ATCC 14579. Lastly, strains that produce thiocillin appear to confer some level of protection to their own antibiotic by encoding an additional copy of the L11 ribosomal protein, a known target for thiopeptides. This work highlights the importance of specialized metabolites affecting predator-prey dynamics in soil microenvironments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Müller
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Orlando DeLeon
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Samantha N. Atkinson
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Fatima Saravia
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Stephanie Kellogg
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Shank
- Department of Systems Biology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worchester, MA, United States
| | - John R. Kirby
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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6
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Bergkessel M, Forte B, Gilbert IH. Small-Molecule Antibiotic Drug Development: Need and Challenges. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:2062-2071. [PMID: 37819866 PMCID: PMC10644355 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The need for new antibiotics is urgent. Antimicrobial resistance is rising, although currently, many more people die from drug-sensitive bacterial infections. The continued evolution of drug resistance is inevitable, fueled by pathogen population size and exposure to antibiotics. Additionally, opportunistic pathogens will always pose a threat to vulnerable patients whose immune systems cannot efficiently fight them even if they are sensitive to available antibiotics, according to clinical microbiology tests. These problems are intertwined and will worsen as human populations age, increase in density, and experience disruptions such as war, extreme weather events, or declines in standard of living. The development of appropriate drugs to treat all the world's bacterial infections should be a priority, and future success will likely require combinations of multiple approaches. However, the highest burden of bacterial infection is in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, where limited medical infrastructure is a major challenge. For effectively managing infections in these contexts, small-molecule-based treatments offer significant advantages. Unfortunately, support for ongoing small-molecule antibiotic discovery has recently suffered from significant challenges related both to the scientific difficulties in treating bacterial infections and to market barriers. Nevertheless, small-molecule antibiotics remain essential and irreplaceable tools for fighting infections, and efforts to develop novel and improved versions deserve ongoing investment. Here, we first describe the global historical context of antibiotic treatment and then highlight some of the challenges surrounding small-molecule development and potential solutions. Many of these challenges are likely to be common to all modalities of antibacterial treatment and should be addressed directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Bergkessel
- Division
of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K.
| | - Barbara Forte
- Drug
Discovery Unit and Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, Division
of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K.
| | - Ian H. Gilbert
- Drug
Discovery Unit and Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, Division
of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K.
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7
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de Oliveira PV, de Santana Lira RL, de Abreu Lima R, Mendes YC, Martins AB, de Melo BDO, Goiano MF, Filho RL, de Farias Nunes FBB, Aliança ASDS, Firmo WDCA, Carvalho RC, Zagminan A, de Sousa EM. Bibliometric Review on New Possibilities of Antimycobacterial Agents: Exploring Siderophore Desferrioxamine's Applications as an Antimicrobial Agent. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1335. [PMID: 37765143 PMCID: PMC10536058 DOI: 10.3390/ph16091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacteria cause tuberculosis and other serious diseases. Understanding their mechanisms of resistance to our immune system and exploring novel drugs are critical strategies to combat infections. A bibliometric analysis was performed to identify publication trends and critical research areas in the field of the antimicrobial activity of desferrioxamine. A total of twenty-four publications on the topic, from 2012 to 2023, were retrieved from databases including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase, using specific keywords. The quality of the publications was assessed using impact and productivity metrics, with an average annual publication rate of 2.1 articles. The United States emerged as the most productive country, with medicine (23.4%, 11 publications) and biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (21.3%, 10 publications) as the top research fields. The five most cited publications accounted for 672 citations, with a relatively low h-index (11:11). In conclusion, there has been a lack of publications on this topic in the last decade. The United States dominates production and publication in this area, and there appears to be limited exchange of knowledge, ideas, and technology within the field. Therefore, fostering international cooperation through funding is essential to facilitate further research and development of desferrioxamine-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Vieira de Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
| | - Roseane Lustosa de Santana Lira
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (R.L.d.S.L.); (R.d.A.L.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Rafael de Abreu Lima
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (R.L.d.S.L.); (R.d.A.L.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Yasmim Costa Mendes
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
| | - Antenor Bezerra Martins
- Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
| | - Bruna de Oliveira de Melo
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology—BIONORTE Amazonian Network, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
| | | | - Rivaldo Lira Filho
- Graduate Program in Nursing, St. Therese College—CEST, São Luís 65045-180, Brazil;
| | | | - Amanda Silva dos Santos Aliança
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
- Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
| | - Wellyson da Cunha Araújo Firmo
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
- Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
| | - Rafael Cardoso Carvalho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (R.L.d.S.L.); (R.d.A.L.); (R.C.C.)
| | - Adrielle Zagminan
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
- Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
| | - Eduardo Martins de Sousa
- Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil; (P.V.d.O.); (Y.C.M.); (A.S.d.S.A.); (W.d.C.A.F.); (A.Z.)
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil; (R.L.d.S.L.); (R.d.A.L.); (R.C.C.)
- Graduate Program in Health and Services Management, CEUMA University—UNICEUMA, São Luís 65075-120, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Biotechnology—BIONORTE Amazonian Network, Federal University of Maranhão—UFMA, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil;
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Chan DK, Dykema K, Fatima M, Harvey H, Qaderi I, Burrows LL. Nutrient Limitation Sensitizes Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Vancomycin. ACS Infect Dis 2023; 9:1408-1423. [PMID: 37279282 PMCID: PMC10353551 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Traditional antibacterial screens rely on growing bacteria in nutrient-replete conditions which are not representative of the natural environment or sites of infection. Instead, screening in more physiologically relevant conditions may reveal novel activity for existing antibiotics. Here, we screened a panel of antibiotics reported to lack activity against the opportunistic Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, under low-nutrient and low-iron conditions, and discovered that the glycopeptide vancomycin inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa at low micromolar concentrations through its canonical mechanism of action, disruption of peptidoglycan crosslinking. Spontaneous vancomycin-resistant mutants underwent activating mutations in the sensor kinase of the two-component CpxSR system, which induced cross-resistance to almost all classes of β-lactams, including the siderophore antibiotic cefiderocol. Other mutations that conferred vancomycin resistance mapped to WapR, an α-1,3-rhamnosyltransferase involved in lipopolysaccharide core biosynthesis. A WapR P164T mutant had a modified LPS profile compared to wild type that was accompanied by increased susceptibility to select bacteriophages. We conclude that screening in nutrient-limited conditions can reveal novel activity for existing antibiotics and lead to discovery of new and impactful resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek
C. K. Chan
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Katherine Dykema
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Mahrukh Fatima
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Hanjeong Harvey
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Ikram Qaderi
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Lori L. Burrows
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic
Discovery, Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research,
Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada
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9
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Chan DCK, Josts I, Koteva K, Wright GD, Tidow H, Burrows LL. Interactions of TonB-dependent transporter FoxA with siderophores and antibiotics that affect binding, uptake, and signal transduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221253120. [PMID: 37043535 PMCID: PMC10120069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221253120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria prevents many antibiotics from reaching intracellular targets. However, some antimicrobials can take advantage of iron import transporters to cross this barrier. We showed previously that the thiopeptide antibiotic thiocillin exploits the nocardamine xenosiderophore transporter, FoxA, of the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa for uptake. Here, we show that FoxA also transports the xenosiderophore bisucaberin and describe at 2.5 Å resolution the crystal structure of bisucaberin bound to FoxA. Bisucaberin is distinct from other siderophores because it forms a 3:2 rather than 1:1 siderophore-iron complex. Mutations in a single extracellular loop of FoxA differentially affected nocardamine, thiocillin, and bisucaberin binding, uptake, and signal transduction. These results show that in addition to modulating ligand binding, the extracellular loops of siderophore transporters are of fundamental importance for controlling ligand uptake and its regulatory consequences, which have implications for the development of siderophore-antibiotic conjugates to treat difficult infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C. K. Chan
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Inokentijs Josts
- The Hamburg Advanced Research Center for Bioorganic Chemistry, Hamburg22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg22761, Germany
| | - Kalinka Koteva
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Gerard D. Wright
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Henning Tidow
- The Hamburg Advanced Research Center for Bioorganic Chemistry, Hamburg22761, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg22761, Germany
| | - Lori L. Burrows
- David Braley Center for Antibiotic Discovery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Michael G. DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ONL8S 4K1, Canada
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Dolan SK. Illuminating Siderophore Transporter Functionality with Thiopeptide Antibiotics. mBio 2023; 14:e0332622. [PMID: 36946760 PMCID: PMC10128021 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03326-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a leading cause of infections and mortality in immunocompromised patients. This organism can overcome iron deprivation during infection via the synthesis of two iron-chelating siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin, which scavenge iron from host proteins. P. aeruginosa can also uptake xenosiderophores produced by other bacteria or fungi using dedicated transporter systems. The precise substrate specificity of these siderophore transporters remains to be determined. The thiopeptide antibiotic thiostrepton exploits the pyoverdine transporters FpvA and FpvB to cross the outer membrane and reach intracellular targets. Using a series of intricate biochemical experiments, a recent study by Chan and Burrows capitalized on the specificity of thiostrepton to uncover that FpvB transports the xenosiderophores ferrichrome and ferrioxamine B with higher affinity than pyoverdine. This surprising result highlights an alternative uptake pathway for these siderophores and has significant implications for our understanding of iron acquisition in this organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen K Dolan
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Children's Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa FpvB Is a High-Affinity Transporter for Xenosiderophores Ferrichrome and Ferrioxamine B. mBio 2023; 14:e0314922. [PMID: 36507834 PMCID: PMC9973354 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03149-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron is essential for many biological functions in bacteria, but its poor solubility is a limiting factor for growth. Bacteria produce siderophores, soluble natural products that bind iron with high affinity, to overcome this challenge. Siderophore-iron complexes return to the cell through specific outer membrane transporters. The opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa makes multiple transporters that recognize its own siderophores, pyoverdine and pyochelin, and xenosiderophores produced by other bacteria or fungi, which gives it a competitive advantage. Some antibiotics exploit these transporters to bypass the membrane to reach their intracellular targets-including the thiopeptide antibiotic, thiostrepton (TS), which uses the pyoverdine transporters FpvA and FpvB to cross the outer membrane. Here, we assessed TS susceptibility in the presence of various siderophores and discovered that ferrichrome and ferrioxamine B antagonized TS uptake via FpvB. Unexpectedly, we found that FpvB transports ferrichrome and ferrioxamine B with higher affinity than pyoverdine. Site-directed mutagenesis of FpvB coupled with competitive growth inhibition and affinity label quenching studies suggested that the siderophores and antibiotic share a binding site in an aromatic pocket formed by the plug and barrel domains but have differences in their binding mechanism and molecular determinants for uptake. This work describes an alternative uptake pathway for ferrichrome and ferrioxamine B in P. aeruginosa and emphasizes the promiscuity of siderophore transporters, with implications for Gram-negative antibiotic development via the Trojan horse approach. IMPORTANCE Gram-negative bacteria express a variety of outer membrane transporters to import critical nutrients such as iron. Due to its insolubility, iron is taken up while bound to small-molecule chelators called siderophores. Pseudomonas aeruginosa takes up its own siderophores pyoverdine and pyochelin but can also steal siderophores produced by other bacteria and fungi, giving it a competitive advantage in iron-limited environments. Here, we used whole-cell reporter assays to show that FpvB, originally identified as a secondary transporter for pyoverdine, transports the chemically distinct fungal siderophore ferrichrome and the bacterial siderophore ferrioxamine B with high affinity. FpvB is also used by thiopeptide antibiotic thiostrepton for uptake. We predicted that all of these ligands bind to a common hydrophobic pocket in FpvB and used site-directed mutagenesis coupled with phenotypic assays to identify residues required for uptake. These analyses showed that siderophore and antibiotic uptake could be uncoupled. Our data show that FpvB is a promiscuous transporter of multiple chemically distinct ligands and fills in missing details of ferrichrome transport by P. aeruginosa. A clearer picture of the spectrum of outer membrane transporter substrate specificity is useful for the design of novel siderophore-antibiotic conjugates that can exploit nutrient uptake pathways to kill challenging Gram-negative pathogens.
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Liu Y, Liu Q, Zhao L, Dickey SW, Wang H, Xu R, Chen T, Jian Y, Wang X, Lv H, Otto M, Li M. Essential role of membrane vesicles for biological activity of the bacteriocin micrococcin P1. J Extracell Vesicles 2022; 11:e12212. [PMID: 35384360 PMCID: PMC8982634 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) have recently gained much attention and have been shown to carry a wide diversity of secreted bacterial components. However, it is poorly understood whether MV carriage is an indispensable requirement for a cargo's function. Bacteriocins as weapons of bacterial warfare shape the composition of microbial communities. Many bacteriocins have pronounced hydrophobicity that is imposed by their mechanism of action, but how they diffuse through aqueous environments to reach their target competitors is not known. Here we show that antimicrobial competitive activity of an exemplary hydrophobic bacteriocin of the thiopeptide antibiotic family, micrococcin P1 (MP1), is dependent on incorporation into MVs, which were found to carry MP1 at high concentrations. In contrast, MP1 without MV association was poorly active due to low solubility. Furthermore, we provide previously unavailable evidence that MVs fuse with a Gram-positive bacterium's cytoplasmic membrane, in this case to deliver a bacteriocin to its intracellular target. Our findings demonstrate how bacteria overcome the problem associated with secreting hydrophobic small molecules and delivering them to their target and show that MVs have a key function in bacterial warfare. Furthermore, our study provides hitherto rare evidence that MVs provide an essential rather than merely accessory function in bacterial physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Lu Zhao
- Research Center for Marine DrugsState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesDepartment of PharmacyRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Seth W. Dickey
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics SectionLaboratory of BacteriologyNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesU.S. National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and NanomedicineState Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related GenesRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Tianchi Chen
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ying Jian
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Huiying Lv
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Michael Otto
- Pathogen Molecular Genetics SectionLaboratory of BacteriologyNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious DiseasesU.S. National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMarylandUSA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Laboratory MedicineRen Ji HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- Faculty of Medical LaboratoryScienceShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Antimicrobial Bacillus: Metabolites and Their Mode of Action. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11010088. [PMID: 35052965 PMCID: PMC8772736 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The agricultural industry utilizes antibiotic growth promoters to promote livestock growth and health. However, the World Health Organization has raised concerns over the ongoing spread of antibiotic resistance transmission in the populace, leading to its subsequent ban in several countries, especially in the European Union. These restrictions have translated into an increase in pathogenic outbreaks in the agricultural industry, highlighting the need for an economically viable, non-toxic, and renewable alternative to antibiotics in livestock. Probiotics inhibit pathogen growth, promote a beneficial microbiota, regulate the immune response of its host, enhance feed conversion to nutrients, and form biofilms that block further infection. Commonly used lactic acid bacteria probiotics are vulnerable to the harsh conditions of the upper gastrointestinal system, leading to novel research using spore-forming bacteria from the genus Bacillus. However, the exact mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics remain unexplored. This review tackles this issue, by reporting antimicrobial compounds produced from Bacillus strains, their proposed mechanisms of action, and any gaps in the mechanism studies of these compounds. Lastly, this paper explores omics approaches to clarify the mechanisms behind Bacillus probiotics.
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