1
|
Granato JDT, Silva ETD, Lemos ASDO, Machado PDA, Midlej VDV, Antinarelli LMR, Silva Neto AFD, Souza MVN, Coimbra ES. 4-Quinolinylhydrazone analogues kill Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis by inducing apoptosis and mitochondria-dependent pathway cell death. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14535. [PMID: 38772877 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite efforts, available alternatives for the treatment of leishmaniasis are still scarce. In this work we tested a class of 15 quinolinylhydrazone analogues and presented data that support the use of the most active compound in cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania amazonensis. In general, the compounds showed activity at low concentrations for both parasitic forms (5.33-37.04 μM to promastigotes, and 14.31-61.98 μM to amastigotes). In addition, the best compound (MHZ15) is highly selective for the parasite. Biochemical studies indicate that the treatment of promastigotes with MHZ15 leads the loss of mitochondrial potential and increase in ROS levels as the primary effects, which triggers accumulation of lipid droplets, loss of plasma membrane integrity and apoptosis hallmarks, including DNA fragmentation and phosphatidylserine exposure. These effects were similar in the intracellular form of the parasite. However, in this parasitic form there is no change in plasma membrane integrity in the observed treatment time, which can be attributed to metabolic differences and the resilience of the amastigote. Also, ultrastructural changes such as vacuolization suggesting autophagy were observed. The in vivo effectiveness of MHZ15 in the experimental model of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in mice of the BALB/c strain infected with L. amazonensis. The treatment by intralesional route showed that MHZ15 acted with great efficiency with significantly reduction in the parasite load in the injured paws and draining lymph nodes, without clinical signs of distress or compromise of animal welfare. In vivo toxicity was also evaluated and null alterations in the levels of hepatic enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase was observed. The data presented herein demonstrates that MHZ15 exhibits a range of favorable characteristics conducive to the development of an antileishmanial agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana da Trindade Granato
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Emerson Teixeira da Silva
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos Farmanguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ari Sérgio de Oliveira Lemos
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia de Almeida Machado
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Victor do Valle Midlej
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Maria Ribeiro Antinarelli
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adolfo Firmino da Silva Neto
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Nora Souza
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos Farmanguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elaine Soares Coimbra
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Albuquerque KCO, da Veiga ADSS, Silveira FT, Campos MB, da Costa APL, Brito AKM, Melo PRDS, Percario S, de Molfetta FA, Dolabela MF. Anti-leishmanial activity of Eleutherine plicata Herb. and predictions of isoeleutherin and its analogues. Front Chem 2024; 12:1341172. [PMID: 38510811 PMCID: PMC10950963 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1341172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, classified as tegumentary and visceral. The disease treatment is still a serious problem, due to the toxic effects of available drugs, the costly treatment and reports of parasitic resistance, making the search for therapeutic alternatives urgent. This study assessed the in vitro anti-leishmanial potential of the extract, fractions, and isoeleutherin from Eleutherine plicata, as well as the in silico interactions of isoeleutherin and its analogs with Trypanothione Reductase (TR), in addition to predicting pharmacokinetic parameters. Methods: From the ethanolic extract of E. plicata (EEEp) the dichloromethane fraction (FDEp) was obtained, and isoeleutherin isolated. All samples were tested against promastigotes, and parasite viability was evaluated. Isoeleutherin analogues were selected based on similarity in databases (ZINK and eMolecules) to verify the impact on structural change. Results and Discussion: The extract and its fractions were not active against the promastigote form (IC50 > 200 μg/mL), while isoeleutherin was active (IC50 = 25 μg/mL). All analogues have high intestinal absorption (HIA), cell permeability was moderate in Caco2 and low to moderate in MDCK. Structural changes interfered with plasma protein binding and blood-brain barrier permeability. Regarding metabolism, all molecules appear to be CYP3A4 metabolized and inhibited 2-3 CYPs. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics assessed the interactions between the most stable configurations of isoeleutherin, analogue compound 17, and quinacrine (control drug). Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stability and favorable interactions with TR. In summary, fractionation contributed to antileishmanial activity and isoleutherin seems to be promising. Structural alterations did not contribute to improve pharmacokinetic aspects and analogue 17 proved to be more promising than isoeleutherin, presenting better stabilization in TR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Lima da Costa
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sandro Percario
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Postgraduate Program (BIONORTE), Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Fábio Alberto de Molfetta
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| | - Maria Fâni Dolabela
- Biotechnology and Biodiversity Postgraduate Program (BIONORTE), Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Innovation Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meira RDMV, Gomes SLDS, Schaeffer E, Da Silva T, Brito ACDS, Siqueira LM, Inácio JD, Almeida-Amaral EE, Da-Cruz AM, Bezerra-Paiva M, Neves RH, Rodrigues LS, Dutra PML, Costa PRR, da Silva AJM, Da-Silva SAG. Low doses of 3-phenyl-lawsone or meglumine antimoniate delivery by tattooing route are successful in reducing parasite load in cutaneous lesions of Leishmania ( Viannia) braziliensis-infected hamsters. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1025359. [PMID: 36743305 PMCID: PMC9892647 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1025359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapeutic ways adopted for the treatment of leishmaniasis are toxic and expensive including parasite resistance is a growing problem. Given this scenario, it is urgent to explore treatment alternatives for leishmaniasis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 3-phenyl-lawsone (3-PL) naphthoquinone on Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis infection, both in vitro and in vivo, using two local routes of administration: subcutaneous (higher dose) and tattoo (lower dose). In vitro 3-PL showed low toxicity for macrophages (CC50 >3200 µM/48h) and activity against intracellular amastigotes (IC50 = 193 ± 19 µM/48h) and promastigotes (IC50 = 116 ± 26 µM/72h), in which induced increased ROS generation. Additionally, 3-PL up-regulated the production of cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-10 in infected macrophages. However, the anti-amastigote action was independent of nitric oxide production. Treatment of hamsters infected with L. (V.) braziliensis from one week after infection with 3-PL by subcutaneous (25 µg/Kg) or tattooing (2.5 µg/Kg) route, during 3 weeks (3 times/week) or 2 weeks (2 times/week) significantly decreased the parasite load (p<0.001) in the lesion. The reduction of parasite load by 3-PL treatment was comparable to reference drug meglumine antimoniate administered by the same routes (subcutaneous 1mg/Kg and tattoo 0.1mg/Kg). In addition, treatment started from five weeks after infection with 3-PL per tattoo also decreased the parasite load. These results show the anti-leishmanial effect of 3-PL against L. (V.) braziliensis and its efficacy by subcutaneous (higher dose) and tattoo (lower dose) routes. In addition, this study shows that drug delivery by tattooing the lesion allows the use of lower doses than the conventional subcutaneous route, which may support the development of a new therapeutic strategy that can be adopted for leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Lins da Silva Gomes
- Laboratório de Catálise Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edgar Schaeffer
- Laboratório de Catálise Orgânica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thayssa Da Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Larissa Moreira Siqueira
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Job Domingos Inácio
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Alda Maria Da-Cruz
- Disciplina de Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milla Bezerra-Paiva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Heisler Neves
- Laboratório de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luciana Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Amaral Gonçalves Da-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,*Correspondence: Silvia Amaral Gonçalves Da-Silva,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Prieto Cárdenas LS, Arias Soler KA, Nossa González DL, Rozo Núñez WE, Cárdenas-Chaparro A, Duchowicz PR, Gómez Castaño JA. In Silico Antiprotozoal Evaluation of 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives against Chagas and Leishmaniasis Diseases Using QSAR, Molecular Docking, and ADME Approaches. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:687. [PMID: 35745607 PMCID: PMC9228275 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas and leishmaniasis are two neglected diseases considered as public health problems worldwide, for which there is no effective, low-cost, and low-toxicity treatment for the host. Naphthoquinones are ligands with redox properties involved in oxidative biological processes with a wide variety of activities, including antiparasitic. In this work, in silico methods of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), molecular docking, and calculation of ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) properties were used to evaluate naphthoquinone derivatives with unknown antiprotozoal activity. QSAR models were developed for predicting antiparasitic activity against Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania amazonensis, and Leishmania infatum, as well as the QSAR model for toxicity activity. Most of the evaluated ligands presented high antiparasitic activity. According to the docking results, the family of triazole derivatives presented the best affinity with the different macromolecular targets. The ADME results showed that most of the evaluated compounds present adequate conditions to be administered orally. Naphthoquinone derivatives show good biological activity results, depending on the substituents attached to the quinone ring, and perhaps the potential to be converted into drugs or starting molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina S. Prieto Cárdenas
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Karen A. Arias Soler
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Diana L. Nossa González
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Wilson E. Rozo Núñez
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Agobardo Cárdenas-Chaparro
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| | - Pablo R. Duchowicz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, (CONICET—Universidad Nacional de La Plata), Diagonal 113 y Calle 64, C.C. 16, Sucursal 4, La Plata 1900, Argentina;
| | - Jovanny A. Gómez Castaño
- Grupo Química-Física Molecular y Modelamiento Computacional (QUIMOL), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC), Avenida Central del Norte, Tunja 050030, Colombia; (L.S.P.C.); (K.A.A.S.); (D.L.N.G.); (W.E.R.N.); (A.C.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The anti-Leishmania potential of bioactive compounds derived from naphthoquinones and their possible applications. A systematic review of animal studies. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1247-1280. [PMID: 35190878 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis affects millions of people worldwide, and available treatments have severe limitations. Natural and derivative products are significant sources of innovative therapeutic agents. Naphthoquinones are natural or synthetic chemical compounds with broad biological activity. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the potential anti-Leishmania activity of bioactive compounds derived from naphthoquinones in animal models. Conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, two blocks of MeSH terms were assembled: group I, Leishmania OR Leishmaniasis; group II, Atovaquone OR Lapachol OR Beta lapachone OR Naphthoquinones. The search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Lilacs databases. Twenty-four articles were retrieved and submitted for quality assessment using the SYRCLE critical appraisal tool. The in vivo anti-Leishmania potential of naphthoquinones was evaluated in visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis using several measurement parameters. Analyzed compounds varied in structure, association with reference drugs, and encapsulation using a drug delivery system. The study design, including treatment protocol, differed between studies. The findings of the studies in this systematic review indicate the anti-Leishmania potential of naphthoquinones in vivo, with different treatment regimens directed against different Leishmania species. The employed drug delivery systems improve the results concerning selectivity, distribution, and required therapeutic dose. The immunomodulatory action was shown to be beneficial to the host, favoring an adequate immune response against infection by Leishmania parasites since it favored Th1 responses. All studies presented a moderate to high risk of bias. These findings suggest that more studies are needed to assess the overall effectiveness and safety of these treatments.
Collapse
|
6
|
Dantas-Pereira L, Cunha-Junior EF, Andrade-Neto VV, Bower JF, Jardim GAM, da Silva Júnior EN, Torres-Santos EC, Menna-Barreto RFS. Naphthoquinones and Derivatives for Chemotherapy: Perspectives and Limitations of their Anti-trypanosomatids Activities. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 27:1807-1824. [PMID: 33167829 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666201109111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease, Sleeping sickness and Leishmaniasis, caused by trypanosomatids Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei and Leishmania spp., respectively, are considered neglected tropical diseases, and they especially affect impoverished populations in the developing world. The available chemotherapies are very limited, and a search for alternatives is still necessary. In folk medicine, natural naphthoquinones have been employed for the treatment of a great variety of illnesses, including parasitic infections. This review is focused on the anti-trypanosomatid activity and mechanistic analysis of naphthoquinones and derivatives. Among all the series of derivatives tested in vitro, naphthoquinone-derived 1,2,3-triazoles were very active on T. cruzi infective forms in blood bank conditions, as well as in amastigotes of Leishmania spp. naphthoquinones containing a CF3 on a phenyl amine ring inhibited T. brucei proliferation in the nanomolar range, and naphthopterocarpanquinones stood out for their activity on a range of Leishmania species. Some of these compounds showed a promising selectivity index (SI) (30 to 1900), supporting further analysis in animal models. Indeed, high toxicity to the host and inactivation by blood components are crucial obstacles to be overcome to use naphthoquinones and/or their derivatives for chemotherapy. Multidisciplinary initiatives embracing medicinal chemistry, bioinformatics, biochemistry, and molecular and cellular biology need to be encouraged to allow the optimization of these compounds. Large scale automated tests are pivotal for the efficiency of the screening step, and subsequent evaluation of both the mechanism of action in vitro and pharmacokinetics in vivo is essential for the development of a novel, specific and safe derivative, minimizing adverse effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luíza Dantas-Pereira
- Laboratorio de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edézio F Cunha-Junior
- Laboratorio de Bioquimica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valter V Andrade-Neto
- Laboratorio de Bioquimica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - John F Bower
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Guilherme A M Jardim
- Departamento de Quimica, Instituto de Ciencias Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eufrânio N da Silva Júnior
- Departamento de Quimica, Instituto de Ciencias Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Torres-Santos
- Laboratorio de Bioquimica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rubem F S Menna-Barreto
- Laboratorio de Biologia Celular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Macedo CM, Saraiva FMDS, Paula JIO, Nascimento SDB, Costa DDSDS, Costa PRR, Dias AG, Paes MC, Nogueira NP. The Potent Trypanocidal Effect of LQB303, a Novel Redox-Active Phenyl-Tert-Butyl-Nitrone Derivate That Causes Mitochondrial Collapse in Trypanosoma cruzi. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:617504. [PMID: 33935988 PMCID: PMC8081855 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.617504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chagas disease, which is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, establishes lifelong infections in humans and other mammals that lead to severe cardiac and gastrointestinal complications despite the competent immune response of the hosts. Furthermore, it is a neglected disease that affects 8 million people worldwide. The scenario is even more frustrating since the main chemotherapy is based on benznidazole, a drug that presents severe side effects and low efficacy in the chronic phase of the disease. Thus, the search for new therapeutic alternatives is urgent. In the present study, we investigated the activity of a novel phenyl-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN) derivate, LQB303, against T. cruzi. LQB303 presented trypanocidal effect against intracellular [IC50/48 h = 2.6 μM] and extracellular amastigotes [IC50/24 h = 3.3 μM] in vitro, leading to parasite lysis; however, it does not present any toxicity to host cells. Despite emerging evidence that mitochondrial metabolism is essential for amastigotes to grow inside mammalian cells, the mechanism of redox-active molecules that target T. cruzi mitochondrion is still poorly explored. Therefore, we investigated if LQB303 trypanocidal activity was related to the impairment of the mitochondrial function of amastigotes. The investigation showed there was a significant decrease compared to the baseline oxygen consumption rate (OCR) of LQB303-treated extracellular amastigotes of T. cruzi, as well as reduction of “proton leak” (the depletion of proton motive force by the inhibition of F1Fo ATP synthase) and “ETS” (maximal oxygen consumption after uncoupling) oxygen consumption rates. Interestingly, the residual respiration (“ROX”) enhanced about three times in LQB303-treated amastigotes. The spare respiratory capacity ratio (SRC: cell ability to meet new energy demands) and the ATP-linked OCR were also impaired by LQB303 treatment, correlating the trypanocidal activity of LQB303 with the impairment of mitochondrial redox metabolism of amastigotes. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of the ΔΨm of treated amastigotes. LQB303 had no significant influence on the OCR of treated mammalian cells, evidencing its specificity against T. cruzi mitochondrial metabolism. Our results suggest a promising trypanocidal activity of LQB303, associated with parasite bioenergetic inefficiency, with no influence on the host energy metabolism, a fact that may point to an attractive alternative therapy for Chagas disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Machado Macedo
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francis Monique de Souza Saraiva
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Isis Oliveira Paula
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suelen de Brito Nascimento
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Hematologia, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ayres Guimarães Dias
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina Paes
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natália Pereira Nogueira
- Laboratório de Interação de Tripanossomatídeos e Vetores, Departamento de Bioquímica, IBRAG - Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Entomologia Molecular (INCT-EM), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Andrade-Neto VV, da Silva Pacheco J, Inácio JD, Almeida-Amaral EE, Torres-Santos EC, Cunha-Junior EF. Efficacy of Spironolactone Treatment in Murine Models of Cutaneous and Visceral Leishmaniasis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:636265. [PMID: 33927619 PMCID: PMC8077169 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.636265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Translational studies involving the reuse and association of drugs are approaches that can result in higher success rates in the discovery and development of drugs for serious public health problems, including leishmaniasis. If we consider the number of pathogenic species in relation to therapeutic options, this arsenal is still small, and each drug possesses a disadvantage in terms of toxicity, efficacy, price, or treatment regimen. In the search for new drugs, we performed a drug screening of L. amazonensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of fifty available drugs belonging to several classes according to their pharmacophoric group. Spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, proved to be the most promising drug candidate. After demonstrating the in vitro antileishmanial activity, we evaluated the efficacy on a murine experimental model with L. amazonensis and L. infantum. The treatment controlled the cutaneous lesion and reduced the parasite burden of L. amazonensis significantly, as effectively as meglumine antimoniate. The treatment of experimental visceral leishmaniasis was effective in reducing the parasite load on the main affected organs (spleen and liver) via high doses of spironolactone. The association between spironolactone and meglumine antimoniate promoted better control of the parasite load in the spleen and liver compared to the group treated with meglumine antimoniate alone. These results reveal a possible benefit of the concomitant use of spironolactone and meglumine antimoniate that should be studied more in depth for the future possibility of repositioning for leishmaniasis co-therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valter Viana Andrade-Neto
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana da Silva Pacheco
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Job Domingos Inácio
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elmo Eduardo Almeida-Amaral
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edezio Ferreira Cunha-Junior
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Imunoparasitologia, Unidade Integrada de Pesquisa em Produtos Bioativos e Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Campus UFRJ-Macaé, Macaé, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pereira IAG, Mendonça DVC, Tavares GSV, Lage DP, Ramos FF, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Antinarelli LMR, Machado AS, Carvalho LM, Carvalho AMRS, Salustiano IV, Reis TAR, Bandeira RS, Silva AM, Martins VT, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Humbert MV, Roatt BM, Duarte MC, Menezes-Souza D, Coimbra ES, Leite JPV, Coelho EAF, Gonçalves DU. Parasitological and immunological evaluation of a novel chemotherapeutic agent against visceral leishmaniasis. Parasite Immunol 2020; 42:e12784. [PMID: 32772379 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is hampered by the toxicity and/or high cost of drugs, as well as by emergence of parasite resistance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new antileishmanial agents. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the antileishmanial activity of a diprenylated flavonoid called 5,7,3,4'-tetrahydroxy-6,8-diprenylisoflavone (CMt) was tested against Leishmania infantum and L amazonensis species. Results showed that CMt presented selectivity index (SI) of 70.0 and 165.0 against L infantum and L amazonensis promastigotes, respectively, and of 181.9 and 397.8 against respective axenic amastigotes. Amphotericin B (AmpB) showed lower SI values of 9.1 and 11.1 against L infantum and L amazonensis promastigotes, respectively, and of 12.5 and 14.3 against amastigotes, respectively. CMt was effective in the treatment of infected macrophages and caused alterations in the parasite mitochondria. L infantum-infected mice treated with miltefosine, CMt alone or incorporated in polymeric micelles (CMt/Mic) presented significant reductions in the parasite load in distinct organs, when compared to the control groups. An antileishmanial Th1-type cellular and humoral immune response were developed one and 15 days after treatment, with CMt/Mic-treated mice presenting a better protective response. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that CMt/Mic could be evaluated as a chemotherapeutic agent against VL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabela A G Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora V C Mendonça
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Grasiele S V Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João A Oliveira-da-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciana M R Antinarelli
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia M Carvalho
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria R S Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Iorrana V Salustiano
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Thiago A R Reis
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Bandeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vívian T Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Maria V Humbert
- Neisseria Research Group, Molecular Microbiology, School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, England
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mariana C Duarte
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elaine S Coimbra
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - João Paulo V Leite
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Denise U Gonçalves
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Infectologia e Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tavares GSV, Mendonça DVC, Pereira IAG, Oliveira-da-Silva JA, Ramos FF, Lage DP, Machado AS, Carvalho LM, Reis TAR, Perin L, Carvalho AMRS, Ottoni FM, Ludolf F, Freitas CS, Bandeira RS, Silva AM, Chávez-Fumagalli MA, Duarte MC, Menezes-Souza D, Alves RJ, Roatt BM, Coelho EAF. A clioquinol-containing Pluronic ® F127 polymeric micelle system is effective in the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in a murine model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:29. [PMID: 32351209 PMCID: PMC7191975 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A clioquinol (ICHQ)-containing Pluronic® F127 polymeric micelle system (ICHQ/Mic) was recently shown to be effective against Leishmania amazonensis infection in a murine model. In the present study, ICHQ/Mic was tested against L. infantum infection. BALB/c mice (n = 12 per group) were infected with L. infantum stationary promastigotes through subcutaneous injection and, 45 days after challenge, received saline or were treated via the subcutaneous route with empty micelles, ICHQ or ICHQ/Mic. In addition, animals were treated with miltefosine by the oral route, as a drug control. Half of the animals were euthanized 1 and 15 days after treatment, aiming to evaluate two endpoints after therapy, when parasitological and immunological parameters were investigated. Results showed that the treatment using miltefosine, ICHQ or ICHQ/Mic induced significantly higher anti-parasite IFN-γ, IL-12, GM-CSF, nitrite and IgG2a isotype antibody levels, which were associated with low IL-4 and IL-10 production. In addition, a higher frequency of IFN-γ and TNF-α-producing CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells was found in these animals. The parasite load was evaluated in distinct organs, and results showed that the treatment using miltefosine, ICHQ or ICHQ/Mic induced significant reductions in organic parasitism in the treated and infected mice. A comparison between the treatments suggested that ICHQ/Mic was the most effective in inducing a highly polarized Th1-type response, as well as reducing the parasite load in significant levels in the treated and infected animals. Data obtained 15 days after treatment suggested maintenance of the immunological and parasitological responses. In conclusion, ICHQ/Mic could be considered in future studies for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grasiele S V Tavares
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora V C Mendonça
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Isabela A G Pereira
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda F Ramos
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela P Lage
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Amanda S Machado
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia M Carvalho
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Thiago A R Reis
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luísa Perin
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Flaviano M Ottoni
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ludolf
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Camila S Freitas
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Bandeira
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M Silva
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana C Duarte
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil - Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Menezes-Souza
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil - Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J Alves
- Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas/NUPEB, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Insituto de Ciências Exatas e Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno M Roatt
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eduardo A F Coelho
- Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil - Departamento de Patologia Clínica, COLTEC, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lima ÉDA, Cavalcante-Silva LHA, Carvalho DCM, Netto CD, Costa PRR, Rodrigues-Mascarenhas S. The pterocarpanquinone LQB 118 inhibits inflammation triggered by zymosan in vivo and in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106399. [PMID: 32193104 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
LQB 118, a hydride molecule, has been described as an antineoplastic and antiparasitic drug. Recently, LQB118 was also shown to display anti-inflammatory properties using an LPS-induced lung inflammation model. However, LQB 118 effects on the inflammatory response induced by zymosan has not been demonstrated. In this study, swiss mice were LQB 118 intraperitoneally (i.p.) treated and zymosan was used to induce peritoneal inflammation. Peritoneal fluid was collected and used for cell counting and proinflammatory cytokines quantification (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) by immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA). For in vitro studies, peritoneal macrophages zymosan-stimulated were used. Results demonstrated that LQB 118 treatment reduced polymorphonuclear cell migration and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels in the peritoneal cavity. In macrophages, LQB 118 treatment display no cytotoxic effect and is also able to reduce cytokines levels. To investigate LQB 118 putative mechanism of action, TLR2, CD69, and P-p38 MAPK expression were evaluated. LQB 118 treatment reduced CD69 expression and p38 phosphorylation induced by zymosan. Furthermore, LQB 118 was able to negatively modulate TLR2 expression in the presence of inflammatory stimulus. Thus, our study provide new evidences for the mechanisms related to the anti-inflammatory effect of LQB 118 in vivo and in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chaquip Daher Netto
- Laboratory of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 27930-560, Brazil
| | - Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Costa
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Natural Products Research Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941-590, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rumjanek VM, Maia RC, Salustiano EJ, Costa PR. Insights into the Biological Evaluation of Pterocarpanquinones and Carbapterocarpans with Anti-tumor Activity against MDR Leukemias. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:29-37. [DOI: 10.2174/1871520618666180420165128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In an attempt to find anticancer agents that could overcome multidrug resistance (MDR), two new
classes of modified isoflavonoids were designed and synthesized, and their effectiveness evaluated against a
vast array of tumor cell lines. Pterocarpanquinone (LQB-118) and 11a-aza-5-carbapterocarpan (LQB-223) were
the most promising. LQB-118 induced cell death, in vitro, in the µM range, to a number of human cancer cell
lines as well as to fresh tumor cells obtained from patients with acute or chronic myeloid leukemia, independent
on whether they exhibit the MDR phenotype or not. Furthermore, leukemic cells were more sensitive to LQB-
118 compared to cells from solid tumors. Given to mice, in vivo, LQB-118 affected the growth of melanoma,
Ehrlich carcinoma and prostate cancer cells. Conversely, no general toxicity was observed in vivo, by biochemical,
hematological, anatomical or histological parameters and toxicity in vitro against normal cells was low. The
process involved in tumor cell death seemed to vary according to cell type. Apoptosis was studied by externalization
of phosphatidylserine, DNA fragmentation, caspase-3 activation, reduced expression of XIAP and survivin,
ER stress, cytosolic calcium increase and mitochondrial membrane depolarization. Autophagy was also
evaluated inhibiting caspase-9, with no effect observed in beclin 1, whereas pre-treatment with rapamycin increased
cytotoxicity induced by LQB-118. In addition, LQB-118 increased ROS, inhibited NFκB nuclear translocation
and secretion of TNF-α, modulated microRNAs miR-9 and miR-21 and modified the cell cycle. Despite
being less studied, the cytotoxic effect of the 11a-aza-5-carbapterocarpan LQB-223 was present against several
tumor cell lines, including those with the MDR phenotype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivian M. Rumjanek
- Laboratorio de Imunologia Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Raquel C. Maia
- Laboratorio de Hemato-Oncologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cancer (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo J. Salustiano
- Laboratorio de Imunologia Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquimica Médica Leopoldo de Meis (IBqM), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R.R. Costa
- Laboratorio de Quimica Bio-organica (LQB), Instituto de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mendonça DBD, Silva REC, Palace-Berl F, Takakura CF, Soares SRC, Braz LMA, Tavares LC, Lindoso JAL. Nitro-Heterocyclic compounds induce apoptosis-like effects in Leishmania (L). amazonensis promastigotes. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2019; 25:e144418. [PMID: 31130997 PMCID: PMC6521708 DOI: 10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-1444-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Three drugs - pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B and pentamidine - are currently used for leishmaniasis treatment. They are administered for long periods, only parenterally, and have high cardiac, renal and hepatic toxicities. Therefore, the investigation of new compounds is required. Nitro-heterocyclic derivatives have been used as possible drug candidates to treat diseases caused by trypanosomatids. Methods Leishmania (L.) amazonensis promastigotes (MHO/BR/73/M2269), maintained in the Laboratório de Soroepidemiologia - Instituto de Medicina Tropical- USP, were exposed to five nitroheterocyclic derivatives, with differences at phenyl-ring position 4: BSF-C4H9, BSF-H, BSF-NO2, BSF-CH3 and BSF-Cl, for 48 hours. After analyzing viability (MTT assay), we evaluated cellular-morphology activity of compounds by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and measurement of apoptosis (phosphatidylserine expression) by flow cytometry. Results EC50 of amphotericin B and BSF-CH3 were 0.50 (M and 0.39 (M respective. Other nitro-heterocyclic compounds presented EC50 higher than amphotericin B. All compounds showed greater AV- and PI-positive expression than amphotericin B at 100 (M, except BSF-NO2. TEM showed complete nuclear disfigurement with 100 (M of BSF-NO2, 25 and 6.25 (M of BSF-H, and 6.25 (M BSF-Cl; presence of vesicles within the flagellar pocket with 25 (M BSF-H; alteration of the kinetoplast with 25 (M BSF-C4H9, 25 (M of BSF-H, 6.25 (M BSF-CH3 and 6.25 (M of BSF-Cl. Conclusions Nitro-heterocyclic compounds have shown activity against promastigotes of L. amazonensis, at lower concentrations. However, improvement of compound scaffolds are needed to assist the elucidation of the mechanism of action and to achieve greater activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Barros Dias Mendonça
- Laboratory of Serum Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata Ellen Costa Silva
- Laboratory of Serum Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fanny Palace-Berl
- Laboratory of Planning and Development of Pharmaceuticals, Department of Biochemical-Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Cleusa Fh Takakura
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina C Soares
- Laboratory of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucia Maria Almeida Braz
- Laboratory of Serum Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Leoberto Costa Tavares
- Laboratory of Planning and Development of Pharmaceuticals, Department of Biochemical-Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jose Angelo Lauletta Lindoso
- Laboratory of Serum Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Institute of Infectology Emilio Ribas, Secretary of State for Health, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Antinarelli LMR, de Oliveira Souza I, Zabala Capriles PV, Gameiro J, Britta EA, Nakamura CV, Lima WP, da Silva AD, Coimbra ES. Antileishmanial activity of a 4-hydrazinoquinoline derivative: Induction of autophagy and apoptosis-related processes and effectiveness in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. Exp Parasitol 2018; 195:78-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 10/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
15
|
Faiões VDS, da Frota LCRM, Cunha-Junior EF, Barcellos JCF, Da Silva T, Netto CD, Da-Silva SAG, da Silva AJM, Costa PRR, Torres-Santos EC. Second-generation pterocarpanquinones: synthesis and antileishmanial activity. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2018; 24:35. [PMID: 30519257 PMCID: PMC6263544 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-018-0174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the development of new therapies for leishmaniasis, among the 200 countries or territories reporting to the WHO, 87 were identified as endemic for Tegumentary Leishmaniasis and 75 as endemic for Visceral Leishmaniasis. The identification of antileishmanial drug candidates is essential to fill the drug discovery pipeline for leishmaniasis. In the hit molecule LQB-118 selected, the first generation of pterocarpanquinones was effective and safe against experimental visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis via oral delivery. In this paper, we report the synthesis and antileishmanial activity of the second generation of pterocarpanoquinones. Methods The second generation of pterocarpanquinones 2a-f was prepared through a palladium-catalyzed oxyarylation of dihydronaphtalen and chromens with iodolawsone, easily prepared by iodination of lawsone. The spectrum of antileishmanial activity was evaluated in promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes of L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, and L. infantum. Toxicity was assessed in peritoneal macrophages and selective index calculated by CC50/IC50. Oxidative stress was measured by intracellular ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential in treated cells. Results In this work, we answered two pertinent questions about the structure of the first-generation pterocarpanquinones: the configuration and positions of rings B (pyran) and C (furan) and the presence of oxygen in the B ring. When rings B and C are exchanged, we noted an improvement of the activity against promastigotes and amastigotes of L. amazonensis and promastigotes of L. infantum. As to the oxygen in ring B of the new generation, we observed that the oxygenated compound 2b is approximately twice as active against L. braziliensis promastigotes than its deoxy derivative 2a. Another modification that improved the activity was the addition of the methylenedioxy group. A variation in the susceptibility among species was evident in the clinically relevant form of the parasite, the intracellular amastigote. L. amazonensis was the species most susceptible to novel derivatives, whilst L. infantum was resistant to most of them. The pterocarpanoquinones (2b and 2c) that possess the oxygen atom in ring B showed induction of increased ROS production. Conclusions The data presented indicate that the pterocarpanoquinones are promising compounds for the development of new leishmanicidal agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Dos Santos Faiões
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Pavilhao Leonidas Deane, sala 405A, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil
| | - Lívia C R M da Frota
- 2Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Edézio Ferreira Cunha-Junior
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Pavilhao Leonidas Deane, sala 405A, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil
| | - Julio C F Barcellos
- 2Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Thayssa Da Silva
- 3Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Chaquip Daher Netto
- 4Laboratório de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, campus Professor Aloísio Teixeira, Macaé, RJ Brazil
| | | | - Alcides J M da Silva
- 2Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Paulo R R Costa
- 2Instituto de Pesquisa de Produtos naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Eduardo Caio Torres-Santos
- 1Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCUZ, Av. Brasil, 4365, Pavilhao Leonidas Deane, sala 405A, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-900 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Sousa-Batista ADJ, Pacienza-Lima W, Arruda-Costa N, Falcão CAB, Ré MI, Rossi-Bergmann B. Depot Subcutaneous Injection with Chalcone CH8-Loaded Poly(Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid) Microspheres as a Single-Dose Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e01822-17. [PMID: 29263064 PMCID: PMC5826136 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01822-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional chemotherapy of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is based on multiple parenteral or intralesional injections with systemically toxic drugs. Aiming at a single-dose localized therapy, biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles loaded with 7.8% of an antileishmanial nitrochalcone named CH8 (CH8/PLGA) were constructed to promote sustained subcutaneous release. In vitro, murine macrophages avidly phagocytosed CH8/PLGA smaller than 6 μm without triggering oxidative mechanisms. Upon 48 h of incubation, both CH8 and CH8/PLGA were 40 times more toxic to intracellular Leishmania amazonensis than to macrophages. In vivo, BALB/c were given one or three subcutaneous injections in the infected ear with 1.2 mg/kg of CH8 in free or CH8/PLGA forms, whereas controls received three CH8-equivalent doses of naked PLGA microparticles or meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime; Sanofi-Aventis). Although a single injection with CH8/PLGA reduced the parasite loads by 91%, triple injections with free CH8 or CH8/PLGA caused 80 and 97% reductions, respectively, in relation to saline controls. Meglumine antimoniate treatment was the least effective (only 36% reduction) and the most toxic, as indicated by elevated alanine aminotransferase serum levels. Together, these findings show that CH8/PLGA microparticles can be effectively and safely used for single-dose treatment of CL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wallace Pacienza-Lima
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Natalia Arruda-Costa
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Ines Ré
- Université de Toulouse, Mines Albi, CNRS, Centre Rapsodee, Campus Jarlard, F-81013 Albi Cedex 09, France
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Martino T, Kudrolli TA, Kumar B, Salviano I, Mencalha AL, Coelho MGP, Justo G, Costa PRR, Sabino KCC, Lupold SE. The orally active pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 exhibits cytotoxicity in prostate cancer cell and tumor models through cellular redox stress. Prostate 2018; 78:140-151. [PMID: 29105806 PMCID: PMC5726914 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The targeted induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a developing mechanism for cancer therapy. LQB-118 is a pterocarpanquinone and ROS-inducing agent with proven antineoplastic activity. Here, LQB-118 efficacy and mechanism of activity, were examined in Prostate Cancer (PCa) cell and tumor models. METHODS PC3, LNCaP, and LAPC4 PCa cells were applied. Dicoumarol treatment was used to inhibit quinone reductase activity. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) was applied as a ROS scavenger. ROS production was quantified by H2 DCFDA flow cytometry. LQB-118 treated cells were evaluated for changes in lipid peroxidation, viability, and apoptosis. Treatment-induced gene expression was measured by RT-qPCR and Western Blot. SOD1 knockdown was achieved with siRNA or miRNA mimic transfection. MicroRNA specificity was determined by 3'UTR reporter assay. Oral LQB-118 treatment (10 mg/kg/day) efficacy was determined in athymic male nude mice bearing subcutaneous PC3 xenograft tumors. RESULTS LQB-118 treatment triggered PCa cell death and apoptosis. Therapeutic activity was at least partially dependent upon quinone reduction and ROS generation. LQB-118 treatment caused an increase in cellular ROS and lipid peroxidation. Treated cells exhibited elevated levels of NQO1, Nrf2, and SOD1. The miRNAs miR-206, miR-1, and miR-101 targeted and reduced SOD1 expression. The knockdown of SOD1, by siRNA or miRNA, enhanced LQB-118 cytotoxicity. Orally administered LQB-118 treatment significantly reduced the growth of established PCa xenograft tumors. CONCLUSION LQB-118 is a developing and orally active pterocarpanquinone agent that effectively kills PCa cells through quinone reduction and ROS generation. The inhibition SOD1 expression enhances LQB-118 activity, presumably by impairing the cellular antioxidant response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Martino
- LIA-BPPN, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- The James Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - TA Kudrolli
- The James Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - B Kumar
- The James Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - I Salviano
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - AL Mencalha
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biophysics and Biometry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - MGP Coelho
- LIA-BPPN, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G Justo
- LIA-BPPN, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - PRR Costa
- IPPN, Laboratory of Chemistry Bioorganic, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - KCC Sabino
- LIA-BPPN, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Correspondence to: Dr. Katia Sabino, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, 4°. Andar, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; or Dr. Shawn Lupold, 600 N Wolfe St, Park 209, Baltimore, MD 21287 Phone: 410-502-4822, FAX: 410-502-7711.
| | - SE Lupold
- The James Brady Urological Institute and Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Correspondence to: Dr. Katia Sabino, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, 4°. Andar, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ; or Dr. Shawn Lupold, 600 N Wolfe St, Park 209, Baltimore, MD 21287 Phone: 410-502-4822, FAX: 410-502-7711.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lipid-core nanocapsules increase the oral efficacy of quercetin in cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasitology 2017; 144:1769-1774. [PMID: 28653597 DOI: 10.1017/s003118201700097x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
New oral treatments are needed for all forms of leishmaniasis. Here, the improved oral efficacy of quercetin (Qc) and its penta-acetylated derivative (PQc) was evaluated in cutaneous leishmaniasis after encapsulation in lipid-core nanocapsules (LNCs) of poly(ε-caprolactone). Leishmania amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice were given 51 daily oral doses of free drugs (16 mg kg-1) or LNC-loaded drugs (0·4 mg kg-1). While treatment with free Qc reduced the lesion sizes and parasite loads by 38 and 71%, respectively, LNC-Qc produced 64 and 91% reduction, respectively. The antileishmanial efficacy of PQc was similar but not as potently improved by encapsulation as Qc. None of the treatments increased aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase or creatinine serum levels. These findings indicate that when encapsulated in LNC, Qc and, to a lesser extent, PQc can safely produce an enhanced antileishmanial effect even at a 40-fold lower dose, with implications for the development of a new oral drug for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Collapse
|
19
|
VOSalophen: a vanadium complex with a stilbene derivative—induction of apoptosis, autophagy, and efficiency in experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. J Biol Inorg Chem 2017; 22:929-939. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-017-1471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
20
|
Silva TL, Ferreira FR, de Vasconcelos CC, da Silva RC, Lima DJDP, Costa PRR, Netto CD, Goulart MOF. Reactive Oxygen Species Release, Alkylating Ability, and DNA Interactions of a Pterocarpanquinone: A Test Case for Electrochemistry. ChemElectroChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201600504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thaissa L. Silva
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970 Brazil
| | - Fabricia R. Ferreira
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970 Brazil
| | - Camila C. de Vasconcelos
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970 Brazil
| | | | - Dimas José da P. Lima
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970 Brazil
| | - Paulo R. R. Costa
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco H; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP; 21941-590 Brazil
| | - Chaquip D. Netto
- Laboratório de Química, Campus Professor Aloísio Teixeira; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Macaé, RJ, CEP 27930-560 Brazil
| | - Marília O. F. Goulart
- Instituto de Química e Biotecnologia; Universidade Federal de Alagoas; Maceió, AL, CEP 57072-970 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Preclinical Studies Evaluating Subacute Toxicity and Therapeutic Efficacy of LQB-118 in Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2016; 60:3794-801. [PMID: 27067332 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01787-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is the most severe form of leishmaniasis and is the second major cause of death by parasites, after malaria. The arsenal of drugs against leishmaniasis is small, and each has a disadvantage in terms of toxicity, efficacy, price, or treatment regimen. Our group has focused on studying new drug candidates as alternatives to current treatments. The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 was designed and synthesized based on molecular hybridization, and it exhibited antiprotozoal and anti-leukemic cell line activities. Our previous work demonstrated that LQB-118 was an effective treatment for experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis. In this study, we observed that treatment with 10 mg/kg of body weight/day LQB-118 orally inhibited the development of hepatosplenomegaly with a 99% reduction in parasite load. An in vivo toxicological analysis showed no change in the clinical, biochemical, or hematological parameters. Histologically, all of the analyzed organs were normal, with the exception of the liver, where focal points of necrosis with leukocytic infiltration were observed at treatment doses 5 times higher than the therapeutic dose; however, these changes were not accompanied by an increase in transaminases. Our findings indicate that LQB-118 is effective at treating different clinical forms of leishmaniasis and presents no relevant signs of toxicity at therapeutic doses; thus, this framework is demonstrated suitable for developing promising drug candidates for the oral treatment of leishmaniasis.
Collapse
|
22
|
Salustiano EJ, Dumas ML, Silva-Santos GG, Netto CD, Costa PRR, Rumjanek VM. In vitro and in vivo antineoplastic and immunological effects of pterocarpanquinone LQB-118. Invest New Drugs 2016; 34:541-51. [PMID: 27189479 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-016-0359-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a malignancy of worldwide prevalence, and although new therapeutic strategies are under investigation, patients still resort to reductive or palliative chemotherapy. Side effects are a great concern, since treatment can render patients susceptible to infections or secondary cancers. Thus, design of safer chemotherapeutic drugs must consider the risk of immunotoxicity. Pterocarpans are natural isoflavones that possess immunomodulatory and antineoplastic properties. Ubiquitous in nature, quinones are present in chemotherapeutic drugs such as doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. Our group has patented a hybrid molecule, the pterocarpanquinone LQB-118, and demonstrated its antineoplastic effect in vitro. In this report we describe its antineoplastic effect in vivo and assess its toxicity toward the immune system. Treated mice presented no changes in weight of primary and secondary organs of the immune system nor their cellular composition. Immunophenotyping showed that treatment increased CD4(+) thymocytes and proportionally reduced the CD4(+)CD8(+) subpopulation in the thymus. No significant changes were observed in T CD8(+) peripheral lymphocytes nor was the activation of fresh T cells affected after treatment. LQB-118 induced apoptosis in murine tumor cells in vitro, being synergistic with the autophagy promoter rapamycin. Furthermore, treatment significantly reduced ascites or solid Ehrlich and B16F10 melanoma growth in vivo, and ameliorated side effects such as cachexia. Based on its favorable preclinical profile and considering previous results obtained in vitro, this drug emerges as a promising candidate for further development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo J Salustiano
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco H, 2° andar sala 003 Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute for Natural Products Research, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Matheus L Dumas
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco H, 2° andar sala 003 Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Gabriel G Silva-Santos
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco H, 2° andar sala 003 Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| | - Chaquip D Netto
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute for Natural Products Research, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Chemistry, Macaé Institute of Metrology and Technology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Professor Aloísio Teixeira Macaé Campus, Macaé, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paulo R R Costa
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Institute for Natural Products Research, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vivian M Rumjanek
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Leopoldo de Meis Institute of Medical Biochemistry (IBqM), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco H, 2° andar sala 003 Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sayonara DMV, Maria ADF, Priscila VG, Glauce SBV, Maria JT. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of quinones from Auxemma oncocalyx Taub. on Leishmania braziliensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/jmpr2014.5141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
|
24
|
Vasconcelos MFD, Cunha-Júnior EFD, Andrade-Neto VVD, Siqueira LM, d'Avila-Levy CM, Moreth M, Cunico W, Souza MVND, Gomes CRB, Torres-Santos EC. Oral effectiveness of PMIC4, a novel hydroxyethylpiperazine analogue, in Leishmania amazonensis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2014; 4:210-3. [PMID: 25516829 PMCID: PMC4266774 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2014.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pentavalent antimonials have saved the lives of thousands of Leishmania-infected patients more than seventy years but, unfortunately, they are highly toxic and require parenteral delivery. Therefore, the search for safer and orally delivered alternative is a need. This paper describes the antileishmanial properties of PMIC4, a novel hydroxyethylpiperazine analogue. PMIC4 showed potent activity against intracellular amastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis, with IC50 of 1.8 μM and selectivity index higher than 100-fold, calculated in relation to the toxicity on the host cell. Following laboratory animal welfare policies, we analyzed the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) properties and calculated the Lipinski's rule of five of PMIC4 before proceeding to in vivo tests. PMIC4 satisfied Lipinski's rule of five and presented high probability of human intestinal absorption, suggesting a good chance of druglikeness and oral bioavailability. For in vivo studies, PMIC4 was administered via intralesional injection (3.4 mg/kg/day, three times a week) or orally (34.0 mg/kg/day, five times a week) to L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice throughout the 98 day experiments. At the end of the treatment period, serum markers of toxicity were measured. When administered orally, PMIC4 controlled the lesions in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice without altering serological markers of toxicity. These results demonstrate that PMIC4 is a promising molecular scaffold, orally effective against experimental leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Larissa Moreira Siqueira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Masini d'Avila-Levy
- Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Doenças Endêmicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcele Moreth
- Departamento de Síntese de Fármacos, Farmanguinhos, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wilson Cunico
- Laboratório de Química Aplicada à Bioativos, Centro de Ciências Químicas, Farmacêuticas e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Costa L, Pinheiro RO, Dutra PML, Santos RF, Cunha-Júnior EF, Torres-Santos EC, da Silva AJM, Costa PRR, Da-Silva SAG. Pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 induces apoptosis in Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and controls lesions in infected hamsters. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109672. [PMID: 25340550 PMCID: PMC4207686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous results demonstrate that the hybrid synthetic pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 presents antileishmanial activity against Leishmania amazonensis in a mouse model. The aim of the present study was to use a hamster model to investigate whether LQB-118 presents antileishmanial activity against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, which is the major Leishmania species related to American tegumentary leishmaniasis. The in vitro antileishmanial activity of LQB-118 on L. braziliensis was tested on the promastigote and intracellular amastigote forms. The cell death induced by LQB-118 in the L. braziliensis promastigotes was analyzed using an annexin V-FITC/PI kit, the oxidative stress was evaluated by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA) and the ATP content by luminescence. In situ labeling of DNA fragments by terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was used to investigate apoptosis in the intracellular amastigotes. L. braziliensis-infected hamsters were treated from the seventh day of infection with LQB-118 administered intralesionally (26 µg/kg/day, three times a week) or orally (4,3 mg/kg/day, five times a week) for eight weeks. LQB-118 was active against the L. braziliensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes, producing IC50 (50% inhibitory concentration) values of 3,4±0,1 and 7,5±0,8 µM, respectively. LQB-118 induced promastigote phosphatidylserine externalization accompanied by increased reactive oxygen species production and ATP depletion. Intracellular amastigote DNA fragmentation was also observed, without affecting the viability of macrophages. The treatment of L. braziliensis-infected hamsters with LQB-118, either orally or intralesionally, was effective in the control of lesion size, parasite load and increase intradermal reaction to parasite antigen. Taken together, these results show that the antileishmanial effect of LQB-118 extends to L. braziliensis in the hamster model, involves the induction of parasite apoptosis and shows promising therapeutic option by oral or local routes in leishmaniasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Costa
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roberta O. Pinheiro
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patrícia M. L. Dutra
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Protozoários e Imunofisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosiane F. Santos
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Edézio F. Cunha-Júnior
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C. Torres-Santos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alcides J. M. da Silva
- Laboratório de Catálise Orgânica, Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. R. Costa
- Laboratório de Química Bioorgânica – Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia A. G. Da-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia Parasitária, Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Cell death and ultrastructural alterations in Leishmania amazonensis caused by new compound 4-Nitrobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone derived from S-limonene. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:236. [PMID: 25253283 PMCID: PMC4188478 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-014-0236-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The treatment of leishmaniasis with pentavalent antimonials is problematic because of their toxicity. Investigations of potentially active molecules are important to discover less toxic drugs that are viable economic alternatives for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Thiosemicarbazones are a group of molecules that are known for their wide versatility and biological activity. In the present study, we examined the antileishmania activity, mechanism of action, and biochemical alterations produced by a novel molecule, 4-nitrobenzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone (BZTS), derived from S-limonene against Leishmania amazonensis. Results BZTS inhibited the growth of the promastigote and axenic amastigote forms, with an IC50 of 3.8 and 8.0 μM, respectively. Intracellular amastigotes were inhibited by the compound with an IC50 of 7.7 μM. BZTS also had a CC50 of 88.8 μM for the macrophage strain J774A1. BZTS altered the shape, size, and ultrastructure of the parasites, including damage to mitochondria, reflected by extensive swelling and disorganization of the inner mitochondrial membrane, intense cytoplasmic vacuolization, and the presence of concentric membrane structures inside the organelle. Cytoplasmic lipid bodies, vesicles inside vacuoles in the flagellar pocket, and enlargement were also observed. BZTS did not induce alterations in the plasma membrane or increase annexin-V fluorescence intensity, indicating no phosphatidylserine exposure. However, it induced the production of mitochondrial superoxide anion radicals. Conclusions The present results indicate that BZTS induced dramatic effects on the ultrastructure of L. amazonensis, which might be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage, leading to parasite death. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-014-0236-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
27
|
Inacio JDF, Gervazoni L, Canto-Cavalheiro MM, Almeida-Amaral EE. The effect of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O--gallate in vitro and in vivo in Leishmania braziliensis: involvement of reactive oxygen species as a mechanism of action. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2014; 8:e3093. [PMID: 25144225 PMCID: PMC4140776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease associated with extensive mortality and morbidity. The treatment for leishmaniasis is currently based on pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B; however, these drugs result in numerous adverse side effects. Natural compounds have been used as novel treatments for parasitic diseases. In this paper, we evaluated the effect of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (EGCG) on Leishmania braziliensis in vitro and in vivo and described the mechanism of EGCG action against L. braziliensis promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDING In vitro activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements were determined during the promastigote and intracellular amastigote life stages. The effect of EGCG on mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was assayed using JC-1, and intracellular ATP concentrations were measured using a luciferin-luciferase system. The in vivo experiments were performed in infected BALB/c mice orally treated with EGCG. EGCG reduced promastigote viability and the infection index in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 278.8 µM and 3.4 µM, respectively, at 72 h and a selectivity index of 149.5. In addition, EGCG induced ROS production in the promastigote and intracellular amastigote, and the effects were reversed by polyethylene glycol (PEG)-catalase. Additionally, EGCG reduced ΔΨm, thereby decreasing intracellular ATP concentrations in promastigotes. Furthermore, EGCG treatment was also effective in vivo, demonstrating oral bioavailability and reduced parasitic loads without altering serological toxicity markers. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE In conclusion, our study demonstrates the leishmanicidal effects of EGCG against the two forms of L. braziliensis, the promastigote and amastigote. In addition, EGCG promotes ROS production as a part of its mechanism of action, resulting in decreased ΔΨm and reduced intracellular ATP concentrations. These actions ultimately culminate in parasite death. Furthermore, our data suggest that EGCG is orally effective in the treatment of L. braziliensis-infected BALB/c mice without altering serological toxicity markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Job D. F. Inacio
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiza Gervazoni
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marilene M. Canto-Cavalheiro
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elmo E. Almeida-Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nestal de Moraes G, Castro CP, Salustiano EJ, Dumas ML, Costas F, Lam EWF, Costa PRR, Maia RC. The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 induces apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia cells of distinct molecular subtypes and targets FoxO3a and FoxM1 transcription factors. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1949-58. [PMID: 25174716 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients' outcome is usually poor, mainly because of drug resistance phenotype. The identification of new drugs able to overcome mechanisms of chemoresistance is essential. The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 compound has been shown to have a potent cytotoxic activity in myeloid leukemia cell lines and patient cells. Our aim was to investigate if LQB-118 is able to target FoxO3a and FoxM1 signaling pathways while sensitizing AML cell lines. LQB-118 induced apoptosis in both AML cell lines HL60 (M3 FAB subtype) and U937 (M4/M5 FAB subtype). Cell death occurred independently of alterations in cell cycle distribution. In vivo administration revealed that LQB-118 was not cytotoxic to normal bone marrow-derived cells isolated from mice. LQB-118 induced FoxO3a nuclear translocation and upregulation of its direct transcriptional target Bim, in HL60 cells. However, LQB-118 induced FoxO3a nuclear exclusion, followed by Bim downregulation, in U937 cells. Concomitantly, LQB-118 exposure reduced FoxM1 and Survivin expression in U937 cells, but this effect was more subtle in HL60 cells. Taken together, our data suggest that LQB-118 has a selective and potent antitumor activity against AML cells with distinct molecular subtypes, and it involves differential modulation of the signaling pathways associated with FoxO3a and FoxM1 transcription factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Nestal de Moraes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pereira Castro
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Jesus Salustiano
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Matheus Lourenço Dumas
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology, Leopoldo de Meis Medical Biochemistry Institute (IBqM-UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Costas
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eric Wing-Fai Lam
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, UK
| | - Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Costa
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Martino T, Magalhães FCJ, Justo GA, Coelho MGP, Netto CD, Costa PRR, Sabino KCC. The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 inhibits tumor cell proliferation by downregulation of c-Myc and cyclins D1 and B1 mRNA and upregulation of p21 cell cycle inhibitor expression. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3115-22. [PMID: 24794748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer grows annually worldwide and in Brazil it is the second cause of death. The search for anti-cancer drugs has then become urgent. It depends on the studies of natural and chemical synthesis products. The antitumor action of LQB-118, a pterocarpanquinone structurally related to lapachol, has been demonstrated to induce mechanisms linked to leukemia cell apoptosis. This work investigated some mechanisms of the in vitro antitumor action of LQB-118 on prostate cancer cells. LQB-118 reduced the expression of the c-Myc transcription factor, downregulated the cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 mRNA levels and upregulated the p21 cell cycle inhibitor. These effects resulted in cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. LQB-118 also induced programmed cell death of the prostate cancer cells, as evidenced by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and annexin-V positive cells. Except the cell cycle arrest in the S phase and enhanced c-Myc expression, all the mechanisms observed here for the in vitro antitumor action of LQB-118 were also found for Paclitaxel, a traditional antineoplastic drug. These findings suggest new molecular mechanisms for the LQB-118 in vitro antitumor action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Martino
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C J Magalhães
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Graça A Justo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Marsen G P Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Chaquip D Netto
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R R Costa
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia C C Sabino
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Inacio JDF, Canto-Cavalheiro MM, Almeida-Amaral EE. In vitro and in vivo effects of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate on Leishmania amazonensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2013; 76:1993-1996. [PMID: 24106750 DOI: 10.1021/np400624d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
(-)-Epigallocatechin 3-O-gallate (1), the most abundant flavanol in green tea, has been reported to have antiproliferative effects on Trypanosoma cruzi. The present study reports the effects in vitro and in vivo of 1 on Leishmania amazonensis. L. amazonensis-infected macrophages treated with 1 exhibited a significant reduction of the infection index in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 value of 1.6 μM. Oral administration of 1 on L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice (30 mg/kg/day) resulted in a decrease in the lesion size and parasite burden, without altering serological markers of toxicity. These data demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo leishmanicidal effects of compound 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Job D F Inacio
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz , Pavilhão Leônidas Deane, Manguinhos, 21045-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ribeiro GA, Cunha-Júnior EF, Pinheiro RO, da-Silva SAG, Canto-Cavalheiro MM, da Silva AJM, Costa PRR, Netto CD, Melo RCN, Almeida-Amaral EE, Torres-Santos EC. LQB-118, an orally active pterocarpanquinone, induces selective oxidative stress and apoptosis in Leishmania amazonensis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2013; 68:789-99. [PMID: 23288404 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dks498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118, previously demonstrated to be effective in vivo via oral delivery, was investigated for its mechanism in selective parasite killing. METHODS Oxidative stress in Leishmania amazonensis was analysed by evaluating reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate) and the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) using rhodamine, JC-1 and MitoCapture. Ultrastructural analysis was performed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DNA fragmentation was evaluated using terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL). RESULTS Treatment with LQB-118 induced ROS production in the promastigotes of L. amazonensis in a concentration-dependent manner for the first 4 h and was sustained for 24 h. TEM analysis revealed several alterations typical of apoptosis. Promastigotes presented a reduction of ΔΨm after 24 h of incubation with 2.5 μM (18.7%), 5 μM (63.7%) or 10 μM (70.7%) LQB-118. A sub-G0/G1 cell cycle phenotype was observed in 21%-83% of the promastigotes incubated with 1.25-10 μM LQB-118. Concentration-dependent DNA fragmentation was observed in promastigotes treated with 2.5-10 μM LQB-118, and selective DNA fragmentation was observed in intracellular amastigotes after 72 h with 2.5 μM treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that LQB-118 selectively induces ROS-triggered and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in this parasite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grazielle Alves Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatídeos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Buarque CD, Militão GC, Lima DJ, Costa-Lotufo LV, Pessoa C, de Moraes MO, Cunha-Junior EF, Torres-Santos EC, Netto CD, Costa PR. Pterocarpanquinones, aza-pterocarpanquinone and derivatives: Synthesis, antineoplasic activity on human malignant cell lines and antileishmanial activity on Leishmania amazonensis. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:6885-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|