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Nardone V, Barbarino M, Angrisani A, Correale P, Pastina P, Cappabianca S, Reginelli A, Mutti L, Miracco C, Giannicola R, Giordano A, Pirtoli L. CDK4, CDK6/cyclin-D1 Complex Inhibition and Radiotherapy for Cancer Control: A Role for Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8391. [PMID: 34445095 PMCID: PMC8395054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The expanding clinical application of CDK4- and CDK6-inhibiting drugs in the managements of breast cancer has raised a great interest in testing these drugs in other neoplasms. The potential of combining these drugs with other therapeutic approaches seems to be an interesting work-ground to explore. Even though a potential integration of CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors with radiotherapy (RT) has been hypothesized, this kind of approach has not been sufficiently pursued, neither in preclinical nor in clinical studies. Similarly, the most recent discoveries focusing on autophagy, as a possible target pathway able to enhance the antitumor efficacy of CDK4 and CDK6 inhibitors is promising but needs more investigations. The aim of this review is to discuss the recent literature on the field in order to infer a rational combination strategy including cyclin-D1/CDK4-CDK6 inhibitors, RT, and/or other anticancer agents targeting G1-S phase cell cycle transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Nardone
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (S.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Marcella Barbarino
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Angrisani
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (S.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Pierpaolo Correale
- Medical Oncology Unit, Grand Metropolitan Hospital “Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli”, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (P.C.); (R.G.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Pierpaolo Pastina
- Section of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Salvatore Cappabianca
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (S.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Alfonso Reginelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.A.); (S.C.); (A.R.)
| | - Luciano Mutti
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Clelia Miracco
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Rocco Giannicola
- Medical Oncology Unit, Grand Metropolitan Hospital “Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli”, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy; (P.C.); (R.G.)
| | - Antonio Giordano
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy; (M.B.); (A.G.)
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.M.); (L.P.)
| | - Luigi Pirtoli
- Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (L.M.); (L.P.)
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Hasan Abdali M, Afshar S, Sedighi Pashaki A, Dastan D, Gholami MH, Mahmoudi R, Saidijam M. Investigating the effect of radiosensitizer for Ursolic Acid and Kamolonol Acetate on HCT-116 cell line. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115152. [PMID: 31771799 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was evaluating the cytotoxic and radiosensitizing effects of Ursolic Acid (UA) and Kamolonol Acetate (KA) on HCT116 cell line and finally investigating the functional role of NF-κB and CCND1 genes in the radiosensitizing activity of UA and KA. MATERIALS AND METHOD The cytotoxic effects of UA and KA by MTT assay was evaluated on HCT-116. Clonogenic assay was performed to investigate of radiosensitizing effects of UA and KA on HCT116. To assessment the expression levels of NF-κB and CCND1 genes, real-time PCR method was used. RESULTS The results of MTT assay revealed that UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. According to clonogenic assay, survival fraction of treated cells with UA and KA has been decreased compared to the survival fraction of untreated cells. UA and KA lead to the decrease in the expression level of NF-κB. Synergistic effect of radiosensitizing agents with radiation was only approved for UA and 2 Gy of radiation. CONCLUSION Based on our study, UA and KA have cytotoxic effects on HCT116 cell line. Furthermore, UA may lead to radiosensitization of human colorectal tumor cells by NF-κB1 and CCND1signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maede Hasan Abdali
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Saeid Afshar
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Dara Dastan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural Products Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Roghayeh Mahmoudi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Massoud Saidijam
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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Ishikawa T, Haino A, Ichiyanagi T, Seki M, Nashimoto M. Evaluation of double heptamer-type sgRNA as a potential therapeutic agent against multiple myeloma. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2019; 79:102341. [PMID: 31226499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2019.102341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emergence of drug-resistant mutations in the course of myeloma cell evolution and subsequent relapse of myeloma appears to be currently inevitable in most patients. To remedy this situation, we are trying to develop therapeutic small guide RNAs (sgRNAs) based on tRNase ZL-utilizing efficacious gene silencing (TRUE gene silencing), an RNA-mediated gene expression control technology. We designed two sets of double heptamer-type sgRNA, which target the human BCL2 mRNA. Both sets of double heptamer-type sgRNA reduced viability of human myeloma cell lines, RPMI-8226 and KMM-1. We also performed a mouse xenograft experiment to examine how the double heptamer-type sgRNA DHa1(BCL2)/DHa2(BCL2) can reduce the growth of KMM-1 cells in vivo. Median survival periods of the sgRNA cohorts were greater than that of the control cohort by 11-43 days. Furthermore, we designed two sets of double heptamer-type sgRNA, which target the human CCND1 mRNA, and both sets synergistically reduced RPMI-8226 cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Ishikawa
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima 265-1, Akihaku, Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Arisa Haino
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima 265-1, Akihaku, Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Takashi Ichiyanagi
- Department of Orthoptist Training, Niigata College of Medical Technology, Kamishineicho 5-13-3, Nishiku, Niigata, Niigata 950-2076, Japan
| | - Mineaki Seki
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima 265-1, Akihaku, Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan
| | - Masayuki Nashimoto
- Research Institute for Healthy Living, Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Higashijima 265-1, Akihaku, Niigata, Niigata 956-8603, Japan.
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Sang X, Han H, Poirier D, Lin SX. Steroid sulfatase inhibition success and limitation in breast cancer clinical assays: An underlying mechanism. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2018; 183:80-93. [PMID: 29803725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase is detectable in most hormone-dependent breast cancers. STX64, an STS inhibitor, induced tumor reduction in animal assay. Despite success in phase І clinical trial, the results of phase II trial were not that significant. Breast Cancer epithelial cells (MCF-7 and T47D) were treated with two STS inhibitors (STX64 and EM1913). Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and the concentrations of estradiol and 5α-dihydrotestosterone were measured to determine the endocrinological mechanism of sulfatase inhibition. Comparisons were made with inhibitions of reductive 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (17β-HSDs). Proliferation studies showed that DNA synthesis in cancer cells was modestly decreased (approximately 20%), accompanied by an up to 6.5% in cells in the G0/G1 phase and cyclin D1 expression reduction. The concentrations of estradiol and 5α-dihydrotestosterone were decreased by 26% and 3% respectively. However, supplementation of 5α-dihydrotestosterone produced a significant increase (approximately 35.6%) in the anti-proliferative effect of sulfatase inhibition. This study has clarified sex-hormone control by sulfatase in BC, suggesting that the different roles of estradiol and 5α-dihydrotestosterone can lead to a reduction in the effect of sulfatase inhibition when compared with 17β-HSD7 inhibition. This suggests that combined treatment of sulfatase inhibitors with 17β-HSD inhibitors such as the type7 inhibitor could hold promise for hormone-dependent breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Sang
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Hui Han
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V4G2, Canada; Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Donald Poirier
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V4G2, Canada
| | - Sheng-Xiang Lin
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology and Oncology, CHU de Quebec-Research Center (CHUL) and Laval University, 2705 Boulevard Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V4G2, Canada.
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Chang L, Guo R, Yuan Z, Shi H, Zhang D. LncRNA HOTAIR Regulates CCND1 and CCND2 Expression by Sponging miR-206 in Ovarian Cancer. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 49:1289-1303. [PMID: 30205383 DOI: 10.1159/000493408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The long noncoding RNA homeobox (HOX) transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) has been demonstrated to be a vital modulator in the proliferation and metastasis of ovarian cancer cells, but its potential molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated. In the current study, we aimed to uncover the biological role of lncRNA HOTAIR and its underlying regulatory mechanism in the progression and metastasis of ovarian cancer. METHODS HOTAIR expression was detected by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and northern blotting. The SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line was chosen for the subsequent assays. In addition, the molecular mRNA and protein expression levels were examined by qRT-PCR and western blotting. The competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) mechanism was validated by bioinformatics analysis and a dual luciferase reporter gene assay. RESULTS HOTAIR expression was significantly higher in ovarian carcinoma tissues and cell lines than in the control counterparts. Both CCND1 and CCND2 were downstream targets of miR-206. The inhibition of HOTAIR elevated the expression of miR-206 and inhibited the expression of CCND1 and CCND2. Moreover, CCND1 and CCND2 were highly expressed in ovarian cancer tissues, and their expression was positively correlated with HOTAIR expression. Finally, the functional assays indicated that the anticancer effects of miR-206 could be rescued by the simultaneous overexpression of either CCND1 or CCND2 in ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION HOTAIR enhanced CCND1 and CCND2 expression by negatively modulating miR-206 expression and stimulating the proliferation, cell cycle progression, migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells.
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Saha P, Gupta R, Sen T, Sen N. Activation of cyclin D1 affects mitochondrial mass following traumatic brain injury. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 118:108-116. [PMID: 30010002 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle activation has been associated with varying types of neurological disorders including brain injury. Cyclin D1 is a critical modulator of cell cycle activation and upregulation of Cyclin D1 in neurons contributes to the pathology associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Mitochondrial mass is a critical factor to maintain the mitochondrial function, and it can be regulated by different signaling cascades and transcription factors including NRF1. However, the underlying mechanism of how TBI leads to impairment of mitochondrial mass following TBI remains obscure. Our results indicate that augmentation of CyclinD1 attenuates mitochondrial mass formation following TBI. To elucidate the molecular mechanism, we found that Cyclin D1 interacts with a transcription factor NRF1 in the nucleus and prevents NRF1's interaction with p300 in the pericontusional cortex following TBI. As a result, the acetylation level of NRF1 was decreased, and its transcriptional activity was attenuated. This event leads to a loss of mitochondrial mass in the pericontusional cortex following TBI. Intranasal delivery of Cyclin D1 RNAi immediately after TBI rescues transcriptional activation of NRF1 and recovers mitochondrial mass after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pampa Saha
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh 15213, United States
| | - Rajaneesh Gupta
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh 15213, United States
| | - Tanusree Sen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh 15213, United States
| | - Nilkantha Sen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh 15213, United States.
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El-Ashmawy NE, Khedr NF, El-Bahrawy HA, Abo Mansour HE. Ginger extract adjuvant to doxorubicin in mammary carcinoma: study of some molecular mechanisms. Eur J Nutr 2018; 57:981-989. [PMID: 28229277 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1382-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the anticancer properties of ginger extract (GE) in mice bearing solid Ehrlich carcinoma (SEC) and to evaluate the use of GE in combination with doxorubicin (DOX) as a complementary therapy against SEC. METHODS SEC was induced in 60 female mice. Mice were divided into four equal groups: SEC, GE, DOX and GE + DOX. GE (100 mg/kg orally day after day) and DOX (4 mg/kg i.p. for 4 cycles every 5 days) were given to mice starting on day 12 of inoculation. On the 28th day, blood samples were collected, mice were scarified, tumor volume was measured, and tumor tissues were excised. RESULTS The anti-cancer effect of GE was mediated by activation of adenosine monophosphate protein kinase (AMPK) and down-regulation of cyclin D1 gene expression. GE also showed pro-apoptotic properties as evidenced by elevation of the P53 and suppression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) content in tumor tissue. Co-administration of GE alongside DOX markedly increased survival rate, decreased tumor volume, and increased the level of phosphorylated AMPK (PAMPK) and improved related pathways compared to DOX group. In addition, the histopathological results demonstrated enhanced apoptosis and absence of multinucleated cells in tumor tissue of GE + DOX group. CONCLUSION AMPK pathway and cyclin D1 gene expression could be a molecular therapeutic target for the anticancer effect of GE in mice bearing SEC. Combining GE and DOX revealed a greater efficacy as anticancer therapeutic regimen.
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MESH Headings
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/chemistry
- AMP-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/diet therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ehrlich Tumor/pathology
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Cyclin D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Dietary Supplements
- Doxorubicin/therapeutic use
- Enzyme Activation/drug effects
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Zingiber officinale/chemistry
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Mammary Glands, Animal/pathology
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/diet therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Necrosis
- Neoplasm Proteins/agonists
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Neoplasm Proteins/metabolism
- Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
- Rhizome/chemistry
- Survival Analysis
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla E El-Ashmawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Naglaa F Khedr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hoda A El-Bahrawy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Hend E Abo Mansour
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt.
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Benfica PL, de Ávila RI, Rodrigues BDS, Cortez AP, Batista AC, Gaeti MPN, Lima EM, Rezende KR, Valadares MC. 4-Nerolidylcatechol: apoptosis by mitochondrial mechanisms with reduction in cyclin D1 at G0/G1 stage of the chronic myelogenous K562 cell line. Pharm Biol 2017; 55:1899-1908. [PMID: 28644062 PMCID: PMC6130688 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1311351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT 4-Nerolidylcatechol (4-NRC) has showed antitumor potential through apoptosis. However, its apoptotic mechanisms are still unclear, especially in leukemic cells. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the cytotoxic potential of 4-NRC and its cell death pathways in p53-null K562 leukemic cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity of 4-NRC (4.17-534.5 μM) over 24 h of exposure was evaluated by MTT assay. 4-NRC-induced apoptosis in K562 cells was investigated by phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, cell cycle, sub-G1, mitochondrial evaluation, cytochrome c, cyclin D1 and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and caspase activity analysis. RESULTS IC50 values obtained were 11.40, 27.31, 15.93 and 15.70 μM for lymphocytes, K562, HL-60 and Jurkat cells, respectively. In K562 cells, 4-NRC (27 μM) promoted apoptosis as verified by cellular morphological changes, a significant increase in PS externalization and sub-G1 cells. Moreover, it significantly arrested the cells at the G0/G1 phase due to a reduction in cyclin D1 expression. These effects of 4-NRC also significantly promoted a reduction in mitochondrial activity and membrane depolarization, accumulation of cytosolic cytochrome c and ROS overproduction. Additionally, it triggered an increase in caspases -3/7, -8 and -9 activities. When the cells were pretreated with N-acetyl-l-cysteine ROS scavenger, 4-NRC-induced apoptosis was partially blocked, which suggests that it exerts cytotoxicity though not exclusively through ROS-mediated mechanisms. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 4-NRC has antileukemic properties, inducing apoptosis mediated by mitochondrial-dependent mechanisms with cyclin D1 inhibition. Given that emerging treatment concepts include novel combinations of well-known agents, 4-NRC could offer a promising alternative for chemotherapeutic combinations to maximize tumour suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polyana Lopes Benfica
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Renato Ivan de Ávila
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Bruna dos Santos Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Alane Pereira Cortez
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Carvalho Batista
- Laboratório de Patologia Bucal, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Eliana Martins Lima
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Kênnia Rocha Rezende
- Laboratório de Biofarmácia e Farmacocinética de Substâncias Bioativas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Marize Campos Valadares
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia Celular-FarmaTec, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Chen G, Gao X, Wang J, Yang C, Wang Y, Liu Y, Zou W, Liu T. Hypoxia-induced microRNA-146a represses Bcl-2 through Traf6/IRAK1 but not Smad4 to promote chondrocyte autophagy. Biol Chem 2017; 398:499-507. [PMID: 27845876 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that hypoxia stimulation promotes chondrocytes autophagy partly through HIF-1α, miR-146a and Bcl-2 progressively, and this mechanism represented the connection among hypoxia, miR-146a and autophagy, and provides a possible therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis. However, the interaction between miR-146a and Bcl-2 is still unclear. Here in a hypoxic environment, we quantified the three reported miR-146a targets: two inflammation related targets Traf6, IRAK1; and the only reported target in chondrocytes Smad4. We confirmed the regulative function of miR-146a between hypoxia and these genes, and explored the Bcl-2 expression and autophagy level under extrinsic up-regulation of these three gene separately. All the three genes were down-regulated by hypoxia. Surprisingly, Traf6 and IRAK, but not the unique Smad4 in chondrocytes, were restored by antagomiR-146a. Both Ad-Traf6 and Ad-IRAK1 reinstated hypoxia or miR-146a repressed Bcl-2. However, Ad-Smad4 did not affect Bcl-2 in hypoxia or normoxia. The autophagy level showed a reverse variability compared to Bcl-2. Taken together, our results provided evidence that Smad4, the unique reported target for miR-146a in chondrocytes is unusually not involved in the chondrocytes autophagy, while the Traf6 and IRAK1 are the new targets for miR-146a in chondrocytes during autophagy.
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Wang X, Zheng N, Dong J, Wang X, Liu L, Huang J. Estrogen receptor-α36 is involved in icaritin induced growth inhibition of triple-negative breast cancer cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 171:318-327. [PMID: 28529129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A sub-class of ER-negative breast cancer that is negative for ER, PR and HER2 expression known as triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly malignant and lacks effective treatment. Recently, it has been reported that an isoform of estrogen receptor-alpha ER-α36 is expressed and plays a critical role in development of TNBC. ER-α36 forms a positive regulatory loop with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which promotes malignant growth of TNBC cells. Thus, ER-α36 has been proposed as an important target for development of novel drugs for TNBC. In this study, we evaluated the effects of icaritin, a prenylflavonoid derivant purified from Epimedium Genus, on growth of TNBC cells and examined the possible underlying mechanisms. Our study demonstrated that icartin decreased both ER-α36 and EGFR protein expression, and induced apoptosis in TNBC MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 cells. We also found that icaritin inhibited ER-α36-mediated MAPK/ERK pathway and cyclin D1 induction by estrogen. Our results thus indicated that icaritin has a potential to be developed into a novel therapeutic agent for human TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China; College of Bioengineering, Wuhan Polytechnic, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430074, PR China
| | - Jing Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China
| | - Xuming Wang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430056, PR China
| | - Lijiang Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430056, PR China.
| | - Jian Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, PR China.
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Jiang L, Zhao Z, Zheng L, Xue L, Zhan Q, Song Y. Downregulation of miR-503 Promotes ESCC Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Targeting Cyclin D1. Genomics Proteomics Bioinformatics 2017; 15:208-217. [PMID: 28602785 PMCID: PMC5487524 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most aggressive cancers in China, but the underlying molecular mechanism of ESCC is still unclear. Involvement of microRNAs has been demonstrated in cancer initiation and progression. Despite the reported function of miR-503 in several human cancers, its detailed anti-oncogenic role and clinical significance in ESCC remain undefined. In this study, we examined miR-503 expression by qPCR and found the downregulation of miR-503 expression in ESCC tissue relative to adjacent normal tissues. Further investigation in the effect of miR-503 on ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion showed that enhanced expression of miR-503 inhibited ESCC aggressive phenotype and overexpression of CCND1 reversed the effect of miR-503-mediated ESCC cell aggressive phenotype. Our study further identified CCND1 as the target gene of miR-503. Thus, miR-503 functions as a tumor suppressor and has an important role in ESCC by targeting CCND1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanfang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Leilei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Liyan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Qimin Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yongmei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.
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12
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Magiera K, Tomala M, Kubica K, De Cesare V, Trost M, Zieba BJ, Kachamakova-Trojanowska N, Les M, Dubin G, Holak TA, Skalniak L. Lithocholic Acid Hydroxyamide Destabilizes Cyclin D1 and Induces G 0/G 1 Arrest by Inhibiting Deubiquitinase USP2a. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:458-470.e18. [PMID: 28343940 PMCID: PMC5404848 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
USP2a is a deubiquitinase responsible for stabilization of cyclin D1, a crucial regulator of cell-cycle progression and a proto-oncoprotein overexpressed in numerous cancer types. Here we report that lithocholic acid (LCA) derivatives are inhibitors of USP proteins, including USP2a. The most potent LCA derivative, LCA hydroxyamide (LCAHA), inhibits USP2a, leading to a significant Akt/GSK3β-independent destabilization of cyclin D1, but does not change the expression of p27. This leads to the defects in cell-cycle progression. As a result, LCAHA inhibits the growth of cyclin D1-expressing, but not cyclin D1-negative cells, independently of the p53 status. We show that LCA derivatives may be considered as future therapeutics for the treatment of cyclin D1-addicted p53-expressing and p53-defective cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Magiera
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Tomala
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kubica
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Virginia De Cesare
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Matthias Trost
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
| | - Bartosz J Zieba
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Neli Kachamakova-Trojanowska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Les
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dubin
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Tad A Holak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Skalniak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, ul. Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, ul. Gronostajowa 7a, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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13
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Fu LX, Lian QW, Pan JD, Xu ZL, Zhou TM, Ye B. JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG490 suppresses cell growth and invasion of gallbladder cancer cells via inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:51-58. [PMID: 28337870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The Janus kinase-signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway (JAK/STAT pathway) have displayed a critical role in tumor development and progression in multiple malignancies. Previous studies showed that inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling blocked cell growth and metastasis in cancer cells, however, the antitumor effects of JAK inhibitor AG490 on gallbladder cancer (GBC) have not been reported. Our present study aimed to investigate the effects and associated mechanisms of JAK inhibitor AG490 on cell growth, invasive potential and apoptosis in GBC cells (GBC-SD and SGC-996) indicated by MTT, cell colony formation, Transwell and flow cytometry. As a consequence, we found that JAK2 inhibitor AG490 inhibited cell growth and invasion, and induced cell apoptosis and cycle arrest in GBC-SD and SGC-996 cells. Furthermore, the expression levels of p-JAK2, p-STAT3, VEGFC-/-D and cyclinD1 were downregulated, while p53 expression was upregulated in AG490-treated GBC cells indicated by Western blot assay. Therefore, our findings demonstrate that JAK inhibitor AG490 inhibits growth and invasion of GBC cells via blockade of JAK2/STAT3 signaling and provides the potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- L X Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
| | - Q W Lian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
| | - J D Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
| | - Z L Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
| | - T M Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
| | - B Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Lishui Central Hospital and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, PR China
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14
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Medina-Aguilar R, Marchat LA, Arechaga Ocampo E, Gariglio P, García Mena J, Villegas Sepúlveda N, Martínez Castillo M, López-Camarillo C. Resveratrol inhibits cell cycle progression by targeting Aurora kinase A and Polo-like kinase 1 in breast cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 35:3696-704. [PMID: 27109433 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.4728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Aurora protein kinase (AURKA) and the Polo-like kinase-1 (PLK1) activate the cell cycle, and they are considered promising druggable targets in cancer therapy. However, resistance to chemotherapy and to specific small‑molecule inhibitors is common in cancer patients; thus alternative therapeutic approaches are needed to overcome clinical resistance. Here, we showed that the dietary compound resveratrol suppressed the cell cycle by targeting AURKA and PLK1 kinases. First, we identified genes modulated by resveratrol using a genome-wide analysis of gene expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Transcriptional profiling indicated that 375 genes were modulated at 24 h after resveratrol intervention, whereas 579 genes were regulated at 48 h. Of these, 290 genes were deregulated in common at 24 and 48 h. Interestingly, a significant decrease in the expression of genes involved in the cell cycle, DNA repair, cytoskeleton organization, and angiogenesis was detected. In particular, AURKA and PLK1 kinases were downregulated by resveratrol at 24 h. In addition the BRCA1 gene, an AURKA/PLK1 inhibitor, was upregulated at 24 h of treatment. Moreover, two well-known resveratrol effectors, cyclin D1 (CCND1) and cyclin B1 (CCNB1), were also repressed at both times. Congruently, we found that resveratrol impaired G1/S phase transition in both MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 cells. By western blot assays, we confirmed that resveratrol suppressed AURKA, CCND1 and CCNB1 at 24 and 48 h. In summary, we showed for the first time that resveratrol regulates cell cycle progression by targeting AURKA and PLK1. Our findings highlight the potential use of resveratrol as an adjuvant therapy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurence A Marchat
- Molecular Biomedicine Program and Biotechnology Network, National School of Medicine and Homeopathy, National Polytechnic Institute, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - Elena Arechaga Ocampo
- Natural Sciences Department, Metropolitan Autonomous University, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - Patricio Gariglio
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | - Jaime García Mena
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico D.F., Mexico
| | | | | | - César López-Camarillo
- Oncogenomics and Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, Mexico D.F., Mexico
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15
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Wang R, Zhang Q, Peng X, Zhou C, Zhong Y, Chen X, Qiu Y, Jin M, Gong M, Kong D. Stellettin B Induces G1 Arrest, Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Non-small Cell Lung Cancer A549 Cells via Blocking PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27071. [PMID: 27243769 PMCID: PMC4886687 DOI: 10.1038/srep27071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Until now, there is not yet antitumor drug with dramatically improved efficacy on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Marine organisms are rich source of novel compounds with various activities. We isolated stellettin B (Stel B) from marine sponge Jaspis stellifera, and demonstrated that it induced G1 arrest, apoptosis and autophagy at low concentrations in human NSCLC A549 cells. G1 arrest by Stel B might be attributed to the reduction of cyclin D1 and enhancement of p27 expression. The apoptosis induction might be related to the cleavage of PARP and increase of ROS generation. Moreover, we demonstrated that Stel B induced autophagy in A549 cells by use of various assays including monodansylcadaverine (MDC) staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), tandem mRFP-GFP-LC3 fluorescence microscopy, and western blot detection of the autophagy markers of LC3B, p62 and Atg5. Meanwhile, Stel B inhibited the expression of PI3K-p110, and the phosphorylation of PDK1, Akt, mTOR, p70S6K as well as GSK-3β, suggesting the correlation of blocking PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway with the above antitumor activities. Together, our findings indicate the antitumor potential of Stel B for NSCLC by targeting PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xin Peng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chang Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuxu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuling Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Meihua Jin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Min Gong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dexin Kong
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- Research Center of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
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16
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Hoshyar R, Jamali S, Fereidouni M, Abedini MR. The cytotoxic activity of Ziziphus Jujube on cervical cancer cells: In Vitro study. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2015; 61:128-130. [PMID: 26718441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, there are tendency to use natural products such as Ziziphus Jujube (Jujube) as therapeutic agents for cancer. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of anti-cancer effects of Jujube may improve the current therapeutic strategies against cervical cancer. Our MTT data showed a significant dose- and time-dependent inhibition of OV-2008 cell proliferation following Jujube administration. Moreover, qRT-PCR analyses significantly revealed the suppression of cyclin D1 and the enhancement of P53, P21 and P27 expression in treated cells. These results suggest that the herb exerts a cytotoxic effect on cervical cancer cells through alternation of the expression of the genes that are involved in regulation of cell cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hoshyar
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences Cellular & Molecular Research Center Birjand Iran
| | - S Jamali
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences Cellular & Molecular Research Center Birjand Iran
| | - M Fereidouni
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Birjand Iran
| | - M R Abedini
- Birjand University of Medical Sciences Cellular & Molecular Research Center Birjand Iran
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17
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Luo HB, Li B, Yuan WG, Xu CR. Knockdown of Bmi1 inhibits bladder cancer cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by blocking cell cycle at G1 phase and inducing apoptosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 35:730-735. [PMID: 26489630 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1498-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bmi1 is a member of the polycomb group family of proteins, and it drives the carcinogenesis of various cancers and governs the self-renewal of multiple types of stem cells. However, its role in the initiation and progression of bladder cancer is not clearly known. The present study aimed to investigate the function of Bmi1 in the development of bladder cancer. Bmi1 expression was detected in human bladder cancer tissues and their adjacent normal tissues (n=10) by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Bmi1 small interference RNA (siRNA) was synthesized and transfected into human bladder carcinoma cells (EJ) by lipofectamine 2000. The Bmil expression at mRNA and protein levels was measured in EJ cells transfected with Bmil siRNA (0, 80, 160 nmol/L) by qRT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cell viability and Ki67 expression (a marker of cell proliferation) were determined in Bmi1 siRNA-transfected cells by CCK-8 assay and qRT-PCR, respectively. Cell cycle of transfected cells was flow-cytometrically determined. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the expression levels of cell cycle-associated proteins cyclin D1 and cyclin E in the cells. Pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and caspase 3 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 were detected by Western blotting as well. Additionally, xenograft tumor models were established by inoculation of EJ cells (infected with Bmil shRNA/pLKO.1 lentivirus or not) into nude mice. The tumor volumes were measured every other day for 14 days. The results showed that the Bmil expression was significantly increased in bladder tumor tissues when compared with that in normal tissues (P<0.05). Perturbation of Bmi1 expression by using siRNA could significantly inhibit the proliferation of EJ cells (P<0.05). Bmi1 siRNA-transfected EJ cells were accumulated in G1 phase and the expression levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin E were down-regulated. Bax and caspase-3 expression levels were significantly increased and Bcl-2 levels decreased after Bmi1 knockdown. Tumor volume was conspicuously reduced in mice injected with EJ cells with Bmi1 knockdown. Our findings indicate that Bmi1 is a potential driver oncogene of bladder cancer and it may become a potential treatment target for human bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Luo
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Wei-Gang Yuan
- School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Chuan-Rui Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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18
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Saikia S, Kolita B, Dutta PP, Dutta DJ, Nath S, Bordoloi M, Quan PM, Thuy TT, Phuong DL, Long PQ. Marine steroids as potential anticancer drug candidates: In silico investigation in search of inhibitors of Bcl-2 and CDK-4/Cyclin D1. Steroids 2015; 102:7-16. [PMID: 26111591 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Star fishes (Asteroidea) are rich in polar steroids with diverse structural characteristics. The structural modifications of star fish steroids occur at 3β, 4β, 5α, 6α (or β), 7α (or β), 8, 15α (or β) and 16β positions of the steroidal nucleus and in the side chain. Widely found polar steroids in starfishes include polyhydroxysteroids, steroidal sulfates, glycosides, steroid oligoglycosides etc. Bioactivity of these steroids is less studied; only a few reports like antibacterial, cytotoxic activity etc. are available. In continuation of our search for bioactive molecules from natural sources, we undertook in silico screening of steroids from star fishes against Bcl-2 and CDK-4/Cyclin D1 - two important targets of progression and proliferation of cancer cells. We have screened 182 natural steroids from star fishes occurring in different parts of the world and their 282 soft-derivatives by in silico methods. Their physico-chemical properties, drug-likeliness, binding potential with the selected targets, ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, toxicity) were predicted. Further, the results were compared with those of existing steroidal and non steroidal drugs and inhibitors of Bcl-2 and CDK-4/Cyclin D1. The results are promising and unveil that some of these steroids can be potent leads for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surovi Saikia
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Bhaskor Kolita
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Partha P Dutta
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Deep J Dutta
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Shyamalendu Nath
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India
| | - Manobjyoti Bordoloi
- Natural Products Chemistry Division, CSIR North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat 785006, Assam, India.
| | - Pham Minh Quan
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Tran Thu Thuy
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Doan Lan Phuong
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Pham Quoc Long
- Institute of Natural Products Chemistry, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet St., Caugiay, Hanoi, Viet Nam
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19
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Avtanski DB, Nagalingam A, Kuppusamy P, Bonner MY, Arbiser JL, Saxena NK, Sharma D. Honokiol abrogates leptin-induced tumor progression by inhibiting Wnt1-MTA1-β-catenin signaling axis in a microRNA-34a dependent manner. Oncotarget 2015; 6:16396-410. [PMID: 26036628 PMCID: PMC4599277 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity greatly influences risk, progression and prognosis of breast cancer. As molecular effects of obesity are largely mediated by adipocytokine leptin, finding effective novel strategies to antagonize neoplastic effects of leptin is desirable to disrupt obesity-cancer axis. Present study is designed to test the efficacy of honokiol (HNK), a bioactive polyphenol from Magnolia grandiflora, against oncogenic actions of leptin and systematically elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Our results show that HNK significantly inhibits leptin-induced breast-cancer cell-growth, invasion, migration and leptin-induced breast-tumor-xenograft growth. Using a phospho-kinase screening array, we discover that HNK inhibits phosphorylation and activation of key molecules of leptin-signaling-network. Specifically, HNK inhibits leptin-induced Wnt1-MTA1-β-catenin signaling in vitro and in vivo. Finally, an integral role of miR-34a in HNK-mediated inhibition of Wnt1-MTA1-β-catenin axis was discovered. HNK inhibits Stat3 phosphorylation, abrogates its recruitment to miR-34a promoter and this release of repressor-Stat3 results in miR-34a activation leading to Wnt1-MTA1-β-catenin inhibition. Accordingly, HNK treatment inhibited breast tumor growth in diet-induced-obese mouse model (exhibiting high leptin levels) in a manner associated with activation of miR-34a and inhibition of MTA1-β-catenin. These data provide first in vitro and in vivo evidence for the leptin-antagonist potential of HNK revealing a crosstalk between HNK and miR34a and Wnt1-MTA1-β-catenin axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimiter B. Avtanski
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Arumugam Nagalingam
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Panjamurthy Kuppusamy
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Y. Bonner
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jack L. Arbiser
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Atlanta Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Neeraj K. Saxena
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Dipali Sharma
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, MD, USA
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20
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Thacker PC, Karunagaran D. Curcumin and emodin down-regulate TGF-β signaling pathway in human cervical cancer cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120045. [PMID: 25786122 PMCID: PMC4365016 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the major cause of cancer related deaths in women, especially in developing countries and Human Papilloma Virus infection in conjunction with multiple deregulated signaling pathways leads to cervical carcinogenesis. TGF-β signaling in later stages of cancer is known to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition promoting tumor growth. Phytochemicals, curcumin and emodin, are effective as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic compounds against several cancers including cervical cancer. The main objective of this work was to study the effect of curcumin and emodin on TGF-β signaling pathway and its functional relevance to growth, migration and invasion in two cervical cancer cell lines, SiHa and HeLa. Since TGF-β and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways are known to cross talk having common downstream targets, we analyzed the effect of TGF-β on β-catenin (an important player in Wnt/β-catenin signaling) and also studied whether curcumin and emodin modulate them. We observed that curcumin and emodin effectively down regulate TGF-β signaling pathway by decreasing the expression of TGF-β Receptor II, P-Smad3 and Smad4, and also counterbalance the tumorigenic effects of TGF-β by inhibiting the TGF-β-induced migration and invasion. Expression of downstream effectors of TGF-β signaling pathway, cyclinD1, p21 and Pin1, was inhibited along with the down regulation of key mesenchymal markers (Snail and Slug) upon curcumin and emodin treatment. Curcumin and emodin were also found to synergistically inhibit cell population and migration in SiHa and HeLa cells. Moreover, we found that TGF-β activates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HeLa cells, and curcumin and emodin down regulate the pathway by inhibiting β-catenin. Taken together our data provide a mechanistic basis for the use of curcumin and emodin in the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chandrakant Thacker
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
- * E-mail:
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21
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Moglia A, Goitre L, Gianoglio S, Baldini E, Trapani E, Genre A, Scattina A, Dondo G, Trabalzini L, Beekwilder J, Retta SF. Evaluation of the bioactive properties of avenanthramide analogs produced in recombinant yeast. Biofactors 2015; 41:15-27. [PMID: 25639351 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been proven to be a valuable tool for the expression of plant metabolic pathways. By engineering a S. cerevisiae strain with two plant genes (4cl-2 from tobacco and hct from globe artichoke) we previously set up a system for the production of two novel phenolic compounds, N-(E)-p-coumaroyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (Yeast avenanthramide I, Yav I) and N-(E)-caffeoyl-3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (Yeast avenanthramide II, Yav II). These compounds have a structural similarity with a class of bioactive oat compounds called avenanthramides. By developing a fermentation process for the engineered S. cerevisiae strain, we obtained a high-yield production of Yav I and Yav II. To examine the biological relevance of these compounds, we tested their potential antioxidant and antiproliferative properties upon treatment of widely used cell models, including immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines and HeLa cancer cells. The outcomes of our experiments showed that both Yav I and Yav II enter the cell and trigger a significant up-regulation of master regulators of cell antioxidant responses, including the major antioxidant protein SOD2 and its transcriptional regulator FoxO1 as well as the down-regulation of Cyclin D1. Intriguingly, these effects were also demonstrated in cellular models of the human genetic disease Cerebral Cavernous Malformation, suggesting that the novel phenolic compounds Yav I and Yav II are endowed with bioactive properties relevant to biomedical applications. Taken together, our data demonstrate the feasibility of biotechnological production of yeast avenanthramides and underline a biologically relevant antioxidant activity of these molecules.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/biosynthesis
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Antioxidants/isolation & purification
- Antioxidants/metabolism
- Antioxidants/pharmacology
- Biological Transport
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cyclin D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Cynara scolymus/chemistry
- Cynara scolymus/genetics
- Fibroblasts/cytology
- Fibroblasts/drug effects
- Fibroblasts/metabolism
- Forkhead Box Protein O1
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/agonists
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics
- Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Genes, Plant
- HeLa Cells
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/drug therapy
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/genetics
- Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System/metabolism
- Humans
- Metabolic Engineering
- Mice
- Models, Biological
- Reactive Oxygen Species/antagonists & inhibitors
- Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genetics
- Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Superoxide Dismutase/genetics
- Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism
- Nicotiana/chemistry
- Nicotiana/genetics
- Transgenes
- ortho-Aminobenzoates/isolation & purification
- ortho-Aminobenzoates/metabolism
- ortho-Aminobenzoates/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Moglia
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Sciences, Università degli Studi di Torino, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy; CCM Italia Research Network (www.ccmitalia.unito.it)
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22
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Gao W, Zhou P, Ma X, Tschudy-Seney B, Chen J, Magner NL, Revzin A, Nolta JA, Zern MA, Duan Y. Ethanol negatively regulates hepatic differentiation of hESC by inhibition of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in vitro. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112698. [PMID: 25393427 PMCID: PMC4231066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol insult triggers complex events in the liver, promoting fibrogenic/inflammatory signals and in more advanced cases, aberrant matrix deposition. It is well accepted that the regenerative capacity of the adult liver is impaired during alcohol injury. The liver progenitor/stem cells have been shown to play an important role in liver regeneration -in response to various chronic injuries; however, the effects of alcohol on stem cell differentiation in the liver are not well understood. METHODS We employed hepatic progenitor cells derived from hESCs to study the impact of ethanol on hepatocyte differentiation by exposure of these progenitor cells to ethanol during hepatocyte differentiation. RESULTS We found that ethanol negatively regulated hepatic differentiation of hESC-derived hepatic progenitor cells in a dose-dependent manner. There was also a moderate cell cycle arrest at G1/S checkpoint in the ethanol treated cells, which is associated with a reduced level of cyclin D1 in these cells. Ethanol treatment specifically inhibited the activation of the ERK but not JNK nor the p38 MAP signaling pathway. At the same time, the WNT signaling pathway was also reduced in the cells exposed to ethanol. Upon evaluating the effects of the inhibitors of these two signaling pathways, we determined that the Erk inhibitor replicated the effects of ethanol on the hepatocyte differentiation and attenuated the WNT/β-catenin signaling, however, inhibitors of WNT only partially replicated the effects of ethanol on the hepatocyte differentiation. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that ethanol negatively regulated hepatic differentiation of hESC-derived hepatic progenitors through inhibiting the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, and subsequently attenuating the WNT signaling pathway. Thus, our finding provides a novel insight into the mechanism by which alcohol regulates cell fate selection of hESC-derived hepatic progenitor cells, and the identified pathways may provide therapeutic targets aimed at promoting liver repair and regeneration during alcoholic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YD); (PZ)
| | - Xiaocui Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Tschudy-Seney
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Jiamei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nataly L. Magner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States of America
| | - Jan A. Nolta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Mark A. Zern
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
| | - Yuyou Duan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- Institute for Regenerative Cures, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YD); (PZ)
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23
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Zhu L, Luo Q, Bi J, Ding J, Ge S, Chen F. Galangin inhibits growth of human head and neck squamous carcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2014; 224:149-56. [PMID: 25450235 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2014.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Galangin, an active flavonoid component extracted from the propolis and root of Alpinia officinarum Hance, has anti-tumor activity, but the mechanisms by which galangin affects various cancers, including human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that galangin suppressed the growth of HNSCC in vivo. With the cell culture system, galangin inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of HNSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner. Galangin induced significant cell cycle arrest of the tumor cells at the G0/G1 phase, which was accompanied by reduced AKT phosphorylation and mammalian target of rapamycin and S6 kinase activation. Decreased expression of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)4, CDK6 and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma protein was observed in galangin-treated HNSCC cells. In addition, galangin induced apoptosis of HNSCC cells, downregulating antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL and upregulating proapoptotic protein Bax and cleaved caspase 3. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a dose-dependent reduction in cyclin-D1-positive cancer cells and an increase in TUNEL-positive cancer cells in galangin-administrated mouse tumor sections. Therefore, galangin may be a novel therapeutic option in human HNSCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Qingqiong Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Jianjun Bi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Jieying Ding
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Shengfang Ge
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China
| | - Fuxiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai 200011, PR China.
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24
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Oridate N, Kim HJ, Xu X, Lotan R. Growth inhibition of head and neck squamous carcinoma cells by small interfering RNAs targeting eIF4E or cyclin D1 alone or combined with cisplatin. Cancer Biol Ther 2014; 4:318-23. [PMID: 15846092 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.4.3.1504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) exhibit an increased expression of the translation initiation factor eIF4E and the cell-cycle regulator cyclin D1 (CCND1). Both stimulate cell cycle progression and transform squamous epithelial cells. We used small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to silence the expression of eIF4E and CCND1 in HNSCC UMSCC22B cells and analyzed the effects of reduced levels of these proteins on colony formation. Transfection of either eIF4E or CCND1 siRNAs decreased the levels of their targeted proteins and inhibited cell growth. siRNA-mediated decrease of eIF4E has led to decreases in the expression of CCND1, basic fibroblast growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor. Combination of these siRNAs and cisplatin showed more than additive inhibition of colony formation. These findings demonstrate that siRNA silencing of either eIF4E or CCND1 leads to inhibition of the growth of HNSCC cells and suggest that these siRNAs alone or combined with conventional cytotoxic agents may be useful for therapy of HNSCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiko Oridate
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medicical Oncology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4095, USA
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25
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Wang P, Liu Z, Liu X, Teng H, Zhang C, Hou L, Zou X. Anti-metastasis effect of fucoidan from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls in mouse hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e106071. [PMID: 25162296 PMCID: PMC4146566 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is one of the major causes of cancer-related death. It is a complex biological process involving multiple genes, steps, and phases. It is also closely connected to many biological activities of cancer cells, such as growth, invasion, adhesion, hematogenous metastasis, and lymphatic metastasis. Fucoidan derived from Undaria pinnatifida sporophylls (Ups-fucoidan) is a sulfated polysaccharide with more biological activities than other fucoidans. However, there is no information on the effects of Ups-fucoidan on tumor invasion and metastasis. We used the mouse hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cell line, which has high invasive and lymphatic metastasis potential in vitro and in vivo, to examine the effect of Ups-fucoidan on cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Ups-fucoidan exerted a concentration- and time-dependent inhibitory effect on tumor metastasis in vivo and inhibited Hca-F cell growth, migration, invasion, and adhesion capabilities in vitro. Ups-fucoidan inhibited growth and metastasis by downregulating vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) C/VEGF receptor 3, hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4, phosphorylated (p) phosphoinositide 3-kinase, p-Akt, p-extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2, and nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), and suppressed adhesion and invasion by downregulating L-Selectin, and upregulating protein levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs). The results suggest that Ups-fucoidan suppresses Hca-F cell growth, adhesion, invasion, and metastasis capabilities and that these functions are mediated through the mechanism involving inactivation of the NF-κB pathway mediated by PI3K/Akt and ERK signaling pathways.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification
- Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology
- Cell Adhesion/drug effects
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cyclin D1/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclin D1/genetics
- Cyclin D1/metabolism
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/genetics
- Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/genetics
- Hepatocyte Growth Factor/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Liver Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- MAP Kinase Signaling System
- Male
- Mice
- NF-kappa B/antagonists & inhibitors
- NF-kappa B/genetics
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics
- Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism
- Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
- Plant Extracts/chemistry
- Polysaccharides/isolation & purification
- Polysaccharides/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met/metabolism
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/genetics
- Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/metabolism
- Undaria/chemistry
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisheng Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Zhichao Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xianli Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Hongming Teng
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Cuili Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Lin Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, PR China
| | - Xiangyang Zou
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, PR China
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26
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Martino T, Magalhães FCJ, Justo GA, Coelho MGP, Netto CD, Costa PRR, Sabino KCC. The pterocarpanquinone LQB-118 inhibits tumor cell proliferation by downregulation of c-Myc and cyclins D1 and B1 mRNA and upregulation of p21 cell cycle inhibitor expression. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:3115-22. [PMID: 24794748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer grows annually worldwide and in Brazil it is the second cause of death. The search for anti-cancer drugs has then become urgent. It depends on the studies of natural and chemical synthesis products. The antitumor action of LQB-118, a pterocarpanquinone structurally related to lapachol, has been demonstrated to induce mechanisms linked to leukemia cell apoptosis. This work investigated some mechanisms of the in vitro antitumor action of LQB-118 on prostate cancer cells. LQB-118 reduced the expression of the c-Myc transcription factor, downregulated the cyclin D1 and cyclin B1 mRNA levels and upregulated the p21 cell cycle inhibitor. These effects resulted in cell cycle arrest in the S and G2/M phases and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. LQB-118 also induced programmed cell death of the prostate cancer cells, as evidenced by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation and annexin-V positive cells. Except the cell cycle arrest in the S phase and enhanced c-Myc expression, all the mechanisms observed here for the in vitro antitumor action of LQB-118 were also found for Paclitaxel, a traditional antineoplastic drug. These findings suggest new molecular mechanisms for the LQB-118 in vitro antitumor action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Martino
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C J Magalhães
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Graça A Justo
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Marsen G P Coelho
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Chaquip D Netto
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo R R Costa
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Research Nucleous of Natural Products, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Kátia C C Sabino
- Department of Biochemistry, Biomedical Center, Rio de Janeiro State University, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87, fundos, 4° andar, PAPC, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 20551-030, Brazil.
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27
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Hua F, Sun J, Guo F, Yin S, Zhang Q, Zhang W, Liang W. Effect of downregulated histone deacetylase 2 expression on cell proliferation and cell cycle in cervical cancer. J BUON 2014; 19:497-501. [PMID: 24965412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects and molecular mechanism of downregulated histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) expression on cell proliferation and cell cycle in cervical cancer Hela cells. METHODS HDAC2 small interfering (si)RNA and control siRNA were transfected into cervical cancer Hela cells. A cell proliferation assay using a cell counting kit-8 was applied to analyze the change in cell proliferation before and after transfection. Flow cytometry was used to detect the change in cell cycle distribution before and after transfection. Finally, Western blot was used to detect changes in the expression of cell proliferation and cell cycle-related proteins. RESULTS HDAC2 siRNA significantly downregulated the expression of HDAC2 proteins in cervical cancer cells, markedly inhibiting their proliferation. In addition, the percentage of Hela cells in the G0/G1 phase in the HDAC2 siRNA group was 63.3±2.0%, significantly higher than those in the untreated group (29.3±1.7%) or the control siRNA group (29.4±1.7%) (F=354.181, p=0.000). Furthermore, Western blot analyses demonstrated that downregulated HDAC2 expression inhibited the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdk2 proteins but elevated the expression of p21 protein. CONCLUSION The proliferation inhibition and cell cycle arrest mediated by downregulated HDAC2 expression may be tightly associated with the decrease of cyclin D1, cyclin E, and cdk2 proteins expression and the increase in p21 protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Hua
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
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28
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Zhang Z, Li J, Yang L, Chen R, Yang R, Zhang H, Cai D, Chen H. The cytotoxic role of intermittent high glucose on apoptosis and cell viability in pancreatic beta cells. J Diabetes Res 2014; 2014:712781. [PMID: 24772447 PMCID: PMC3977095 DOI: 10.1155/2014/712781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Revised: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Glucose fluctuations are both strong predictor of diabetic complications and crucial factor for beta cell damages. Here we investigated the effect of intermittent high glucose (IHG) on both cell apoptosis and proliferation activity in INS-1 cells and the potential mechanisms. METHODS Cells were treated with normal glucose (5.5 mmol/L), constant high glucose (CHG) (25 mmol/L), and IHG (rotation per 24 h in 11.1 or 25 mmol/L) for 7 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), xanthine oxidase (XOD) level, apoptosis, cell viability, cell cycle, and expression of cyclinD1, p21, p27, and Skp2 were determined. RESULTS We found that IHG induced more significant apoptosis than CHG and normal glucose; intracellular ROS and XOD levels were more markedly increased in cells exposed to IHG. Cells treated with IHG showed significant decreased cell viability and increased cell proportion in G0/G1 phase. Cell cycle related proteins such as cyclinD1 and Skp2 were decreased significantly, but expressions of p27 and p21 were increased markedly. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that IHG plays a more toxic effect including both apoptosis-inducing and antiproliferative effects on INS-1 cells. Excessive activation of cellular stress and regulation of cyclins might be potential mechanism of impairment in INS-1 cells induced by IHG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Nanshan Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College, Shenzhen 518052, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Dehong Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
- *Hong Chen:
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Vizza D, Perri A, Lofaro D, Toteda G, Lupinacci S, Leone F, Gigliotti P, Papalia T, Bonofiglio R. Exposure to nerve growth factor worsens nephrotoxic effect induced by Cyclosporine A in HK-2 cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80113. [PMID: 24244623 PMCID: PMC3820545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Nerve growth factor is a neurotrophin that promotes cell growth, differentiation, survival and death through two different receptors: TrkANTR and p75NTR. Nerve growth factor serum concentrations increase during many inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, glomerulonephritis, chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease and, particularly, in renal transplant. Considering that nerve growth factor exerts beneficial effects in the treatment of major central and peripheral neurodegenerative diseases, skin and corneal ulcers, we asked whether nerve growth factor could also exert a role in Cyclosporine A-induced graft nephrotoxicity. Our hypothesis was raised from basic evidence indicating that Cyclosporine A-inhibition of calcineurin-NFAT pathway increases nerve growth factor expression levels. Therefore, we investigated the involvement of nerve growth factor and its receptors in the damage exerted by Cyclosporine A in tubular renal cells, HK-2. Our results showed that in HK-2 cells combined treatment with Cyclosporine A + nerve growth factor induced a significant reduction in cell vitality concomitant with a down-regulation of Cyclin D1 and up-regulation of p21 levels respect to cells treated with Cyclosporine A alone. Moreover functional experiments showed that the co-treatment significantly up-regulated human p21promoter activity by involvement of the Sp1 transcription factor, whose nuclear content was negatively regulated by activated NFATc1. In addition we observed that the combined exposure to Cyclosporine A + nerve growth factor promoted an up-regulation of p75 NTR and its target genes, p53 and BAD leading to the activation of intrinsic apoptosis. Finally, the chemical inhibition of p75NTR down-regulated the intrinsic apoptotic signal. We describe two new mechanisms by which nerve growth factor promotes growth arrest and apoptosis in tubular renal cells exposed to Cyclosporine A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Vizza
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Anna Perri
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Danilo Lofaro
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Toteda
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Simona Lupinacci
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Francesca Leone
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Gigliotti
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Teresa Papalia
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Renzo Bonofiglio
- Kidney and Transplantation Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Annunziata” Hospital, Cosenza, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Sharvit E, Abramovitch S, Reif S, Bruck R. Amplified inhibition of stellate cell activation pathways by PPAR-γ, RAR and RXR agonists. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76541. [PMID: 24098526 PMCID: PMC3788137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator activator receptors (PPAR) ligands such as 15-Δ12,13-prostaglandin L(2) [PJ] and all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) have been shown to inhibit the development of liver fibrosis. The role of ligands of retinoic X receptor (RXR) and its ligand, 9-cis, is less clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined treatment of the three ligends, PJ, ATRA and 9-cis, on key events during liver fibrosis in rat primary hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). We found that the anti-proliferative effect of the combined treatment of PJ, ATRA and 9-cis on HSCs was additive. Further experiments revealed that this inhibition was due to cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase as demonstrated by FACS analysis. In addition, the combined treatment reduced cyclin D1 expression and increased p21 and p27 protein levels. Furthermore, we found that the three ligands down regulated the phosphorylation of mTOR and p70(S6K). The activation of HSCs was also inhibited by the three ligands as shown by inhibition of vitamin A lipid droplets depletion from HSCs. Studies using real time PCR and western blot analysis showed marked inhibition of collagen Iα1 and αSMA by the combination of the three ligands. These findings suggest that the combined use of PJ, ATRA and 9-cis causes inhibition of cell proliferation by cell cycle arrest and down-regulation of fibrotic markers to a greater extent compared to each of the ligands alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efrat Sharvit
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Dana Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shirley Abramovitch
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Dana Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shimon Reif
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Dana Children’s Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rafael Bruck
- Institute of Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Li WY, Chan RYK, Yu PHF, Chan SW. Emodin induces cytotoxic effect in human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cell through modulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes. Pharm Biol 2013; 51:1175-1181. [PMID: 23763280 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2013.782322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT The poor prognostic outcome of breast cancer is largely due to its resistance to cancer therapies. Development of therapeutic agents that can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in breast cancer cells can help solve the problem. Emodin is an active anthraquinone that has been reported to have diverse biological effects. OBJECTIVE In this study, the anticancer effects of emodin on growth inhibition, apoptosis induction and the expression of apoptosis-related genes in MCF-7 cells were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Growth inhibition induced by emodin was investigated by the MTS assay and the colony formation assay; while emodin-induced apoptosis was determined by the COMET assay and DNA fragmentation detection. Emodin (35 μM)-induced alterations in the expression of apoptotic-related genes were detected by using real-time PCR. RESULTS Emodin had significant growth inhibitory effects on MCF-7 cells with IC₅₀ = 7.22 µg/ml (∼30 μM). It also exerted a concentration-dependant inhibitory effect on the colony-forming ability of MCF-7 cells with IC₅₀ = 7.60 µg/ml (∼30 µM). Hallmarks of apoptosis, such as single-strand DNA breakage and DNA fragmentation, were observed in emodin-treated MCF-7 cells. The gene expression of Fas ligand (FASL) was up-regulated (p < 0.01) but those of MCL1, CCND1 and C-MYC were down-regulated (p < 0.05) in emodin-treated MCF-7 cells. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study indicated that emodin could induce growth inhibition and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells through the modulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes. The growth inhibitory effects of emodin might involve both the intrinsic and the extrinsic apoptotic pathways and cell cycle arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Yan Li
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
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Kumaravel M, Sankar P, Latha P, Benson CS, Rukkumani R. Antiproliferative effects of an analog of curcumin in Hep-2 cells: a comparative study with curcumin. Nat Prod Commun 2013; 8:183-186. [PMID: 23513724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, the major active principle of Curcuma longa, is one of the promising, plant-derived, chemopreventive agents being studied for its anticarcinogenic and antioxidant properties. Hence, in our study, we aimed at testing the antiproliferative efficacy of an o-hydroxyl substituted analog of curcumin, bis demethoxy curcumin analog (BDMC-A), and comparing its efficacy with that of curcumin. BDMC-A was synthesised with a yield of 78% and 98% purity. Hep-2 cells and the MTT cell viability assay were used to examine cell proliferation. LDH assay and cell counts were performed to assess the cytotoxicity and anti-proliferative effects of the compound, respectively. Flow cytometry followed by Western blot were performed to investigate the cell cycle distribution. BDMC-A inhibited cell proliferation at a much lower concentration (IC50 20 microM) than curcumin (IC50 50 microM). Similar effects were observed in the LDH release and cell count assays. Flow cytometric studies using propidium iodide showed accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase and the arrest was further confirmed by immunoblotting of protein cyclin D1. BDMC-A was more potent in inhibiting the cells at a lower dose when compared with curcumin. Our results showed that the analog of curcumin is likely to possess more efficacy compared with curcumin in inhibiting cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohankumar Kumaravel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605 014, India
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Hafeez BB, Jamal MS, Fischer JW, Mustafa A, Verma AK. Plumbagin, a plant derived natural agent inhibits the growth of pancreatic cancer cells in in vitro and in vivo via targeting EGFR, Stat3 and NF-κB signaling pathways. Int J Cancer 2012; 131:2175-86. [PMID: 22322442 PMCID: PMC3522120 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is the most aggressive malignant disease, ranks as the fourth most leading cause of cancer-related death among men and women in the United States. We present here that plumbagin (PL), a quinoid constituent isolated from the roots of the medicinal plant Plumbago zeylanica L, inhibits the growth of PC cells both in vitro and in vivo model systems. PL treatment induces apoptosis and inhibits cell viability of PC cells (PANC1, BxPC3 and ASPC1). In addition, i.p. administration of PL (2 mg/kg body weight, 5 days a week) in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice beginning 3 days after ectopic implantation of PANC1 cells resulted in a significant (P < 0.01) inhibition of both tumor weight and volume. PL treatment inhibited (1) constitutive expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), pStat3Tyr705 and pStat3Ser727, (2) DNA binding of Stat3 and (3) physical interaction of EGFR with Stat3, in both cultured PANC1 cells and their xenograft tumors. PL treatment also inhibited phosphorylation and DNA-binding activity of NF-κB in both cultured PC cells (PANC1 and ASPC1) and in PANC1 cells xenograft tumors. Downstream target genes (cyclin D1, MMP9 and Survivin) of Stat3 and NF-κB were similarly inhibited. These results suggest that PL may be used as a novel therapeutic agent against human PC. Published 2012 Wiley-Liss, Inc. This article is a US Government work, and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Bin Hafeez
- Department of Human Oncology, Wisconsin Institute of Medical Research, Paul Carbone Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
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Wang Y, Li L, Zheng Y, Yuan G, Yang G, He F, Chen Y. BMP activity is required for tooth development from the lamina to bud stage. J Dent Res 2012; 91:690-5. [PMID: 22592126 PMCID: PMC3383849 DOI: 10.1177/0022034512448660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Revised: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Bmp genes are expressed in the developing mouse tooth germ from the initiation to the late-differentiation stages, and play pivotal roles in multiple steps of tooth development. In this study, we investigated the requirement of BMP activity in early tooth development by transgenic overexpression of the extracellular BMP antagonist Noggin. We show that overexpression of Noggin in the dental epithelium at the tooth initiation stage arrests tooth development at the lamina/early-bud stage. This phenotype is coupled with a significantly reduced level of cell proliferation rate and a down-regulation of Cyclin-D1 expression, specifically in the dental epithelium. Despite unaltered expression of genes known to be implicated in early tooth development in the dental mesenchyme and dental epithelium of transgenic embryos, the expression of Pitx2, a molecular marker for the dental epithelium, became down-regulated, suggesting the loss of odontogenic fate in the transgenic dental epithelium. Our results reveal a novel role for BMP signaling in the progression of tooth development from the lamina stage to the bud stage by regulating cell proliferation and by maintaining odontogenic fate of the dental epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, College of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, P.R. China
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - L. Li
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Y. Zheng
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
- College of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, P.R. China
| | - G. Yuan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - G. Yang
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - F. He
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Y. Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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Chaklader M, Das P, Pereira JA, Law A, Chattopadhyay S, Chatterjee R, Mondal A, Law S. 17-AAG mediated targeting of Hsp90 limits tert activity in peritoneal sarcoma related malignant ascites by downregulating cyclin D1 during cell cycle entry. Exp Oncol 2012; 34:90-96. [PMID: 23013759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM Peritoneal or retro-peritoneal sarcomatosis related malignant ascites formation is a rare but serious consequence of the locoregional metastatic event. The present work aimed to study the effect of the Hsp90 inhibitor (17-AAG), an ansamycin analog, on cell cycle and DNA replication specific chaperone-clients interaction in the event of peritoneal sarcoma related malignant ascites formation in mouse model at the late stage of malignant growth. METHODS We administered 17-AAG, an Hsp90 inhibitor, divided doses (330 μg/kg b.w./day for first five days then next ten days with166 μg/kg b.w./day) through intra-peritoneal route of inbred Swiss albino mice bearing full grown peritoneal malignant ascites of sarcoma-180. Our study was evaluated by peripheral blood hemogram analysis, malignant ascitic cytology, cell viability test, survival time and mitotic indexing. Furthermore, flowcytometric HSP90, TERT, CyclinD1, PCNA and GM-CSF expression analysis has been considered for special objective of the study. RESULTS Our experimental efforts reduced the aggressive proliferation of malignant ascites by drastic downregulation of TERT and cyclin D1 on the verge of cell cycle entry along with DNA replication processivity factor PCNA by directly modulating their folding machinery - heat shock protein 90. Consequently, we observed that malignant ascitic cells became error prone during the event of karyokinesis and produced micronucleus containing malignant cells with low viability. Peripheral neutrophilia due to over-expression of GM-CSF by the peritoneal malignant ascites were also controlled by the treatment with 17-AAG and overall, the treatment modality improved the median survival time. CONCLUSION Finally we can conclude that 17AAG administration might serve as a prospective pharmacological agent for the management of peritoneal sarcoma related malignant ascites and throws light towards prolonged survival of the patients concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chaklader
- Stem Cell Research and Application Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, Kolkata-700073, West Bengal, India
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Costa CB, Casalta-Lopes J, Andrade C, Moreira D, Oliveira A, Gonçalves AC, Alves V, Silva T, Dourado M, Nascimento-Costa JM, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB. Farnesyltransferase inhibitors: molecular evidence of therapeutic efficacy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia through cyclin D1 inhibition. Anticancer Res 2012; 32:831-838. [PMID: 22399601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Farnesyltransferase inhibitors have the ability to interfere with various intracellular pathways, reducing cell survival and proliferation. They have become an attractive tool for cancer therapy, namely acute leukemias. In this work, we have studied the efficacy of α-hydroxyfarnesylphosphonic acid (α-HFPA) in CEM (acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia) in culture. MATERIALS AND METHODS CEM cells were incubated with α-HFPA at different concentrations; viability and proliferation studies were performed using the trypan blue exclusion assay and cell morphological analysis. Expression of lamin A/C, cyclin D1 and BAD were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Our results show that α-HFPA significantly decreases Farnesyltransferase activity, reduces cell proliferation and induces cell death through apoptosis in CEM cells, which is correlated with a reduction of cyclin D1 levels. CONCLUSION This study suggests that α-HFPA blocks the cell cycle and induces cell death through apoptosis in CEM cells and may be a therapeutic approach in ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Bruno Costa
- Applied Molecular Biology and Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Kothari V, Mulherkar R. Inhibition of cyclin D1 by shRNA is associated with enhanced sensitivity to conventional therapies for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2012; 32:121-128. [PMID: 22213296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of cyclin D1 is associated with resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy in several types of cancer including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS Cyclin D1 was silenced in an HNSCC cell line and its effect tested in sensitizing the cells to cisplatin, in vitro as well as in vivo. The HNSCC cell line NT8e, which is a chemoresistant, cyclin D1 over-expressing cell line, was used in the study. RNAi (shRNA) against cyclin D1 was designed and cloned in a vector. RESULTS Stable silencing of cyclin D1 resulted in delayed cell cycle progression and significantly sensitized the cells to cisplatin. Effective cell kill was achieved at a much lower therapeutic dose in vivo. CONCLUSION Suboptimal concentrations of cisplatin could be used in vivo to eradicate xenograft tumors indicating the promise of combining vector-based cyclin D1 silencing with chemotherapy to achieve maximum tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kothari
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
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Saini SS, Klein MA. Targeting cyclin D1 in non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma cells by antisense oligonucleotides. Anticancer Res 2011; 31:3683-3690. [PMID: 22110187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyclin D1 overexpression exists in multiple types of cancer and is a potential chemopreventive or therapeutic target. MATERIALS AND METHODS Non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma cells were incubated with antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) to cyclin D1 (CD1) and evaluated for effects on cellular proliferation, apoptosis, expression of cell cycle-specific proteins, and protein phosphorylation states. RESULTS ASO to CD1 inhibited proliferation of non-small lung cancer cells and mesothelioma cells. ASO induced apoptosis as determined by TUNEL assay. Western blot analysis of cell lysate showed that ASO inhibited the de novo synthesis of CD1, CD3, and CDK2 in multiple cell lines. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting with phosphoantibodies demonstrated that CD1, CD3, and CDK2 exist in a phosphorylated state. CONCLUSION The work demonstrates that non-small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma cells respond to ASO-mediated cellular growth inhibition. These findings make ASO to CD1 attractive as a potential therapeutic for mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsher S Saini
- VA Medical Center, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA
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Imanishi Y, Kawata T, Kenko T, Wada M, Nagano N, Miki T, Arnold A, Inaba M. Cinacalcet HCl suppresses Cyclin D1 oncogene-derived parathyroid cell proliferation in a murine model for primary hyperparathyroidism. Calcif Tissue Int 2011; 89:29-35. [PMID: 21541686 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-011-9490-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Cinacalcet HCl (cinacalcet) is a calcimimetic compound, which suppresses parathyroid (PTH) hormone secretion from parathyroid glands in both primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT). We previously reported the suppressive effect of cinacalcet on PTH secretion in vivo in a PHPT model mouse, in which parathyroid-targeted overexpression of the cyclin D1 oncogene caused chronic biochemical hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid cell hyperplasia. Although cinacalcet suppressed parathyroid cell proliferation in SHPT in 5/6-nephrectomized uremic rats, its effect on PHPT has not yet been determined. In this study, the effect of cinacalcet on parathyroid cell proliferation was analyzed in PHPT mice. Cinacalcet (1 mg/g) was mixed into the rodent diet and orally administrated to 80-week-old PHPT mice for 10 days before death. 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU, 6 mg/day) was infused by an osmotic pump for 5 days before death, followed by immunostaining of the thyroid-parathyroid complex using an anti-BrdU antibody to estimate parathyroid cell proliferation. Compared to untreated PHPT mice, cinacalcet significantly suppressed both serum calcium and PTH. The proportion of BrdU-positive cells to the total cell number in the parathyroid glands increased considerably in untreated PHPT mice (9.5 ± 3.1%) compared to wild-type mice (0.7 ± 0.1%) and was significantly suppressed by cinacalcet (1.2 ± 0.2%). Cinacalcet did not affect apoptosis in the parathyroid cells of PHPT mice. These data suggest that cinacalcet suppressed both serum PTH levels and parathyroid cell proliferation in vivo in PHPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Imanishi
- Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka, 545-8585, Japan.
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Park KI, Park HS, Kang SR, Nagappan A, Lee DH, Kim JA, Han DY, Kim GS. Korean Scutellaria baicalensis water extract inhibits cell cycle G1/S transition by suppressing cyclin D1 expression and matrix-metalloproteinase-2 activity in human lung cancer cells. J Ethnopharmacol 2011; 133:634-641. [PMID: 21073943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/23/2010] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a widely used medicinal herb in several Asian countries including Korea. The various medicinal properties attributed to Scutellaria baicalensis include anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. The present study investigated the cytotoxicity of Scutellaria baicalensis water extract (SBWE) on A549 non-small-cell-lung cancer cells and the A549 expression of cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and the effects of SBWE on cell cycle progression, especially the G1/S phase, and on cell motility. MATERIALS AND METHODS SBWE cytotoxicity was assessed by a standard colorimetric assay utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and expression of cyclin D1 and CDK4 protein in SBWE-treated A549 cells was assessed by Western blot analysis. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to determine the effect of SBWE on A549 cell cycle progression. A549 cell MMP-2 activity was examined by zymography. Cell motility and migration was assessed by a scratch wound healing assay. RESULTS SBWE was not cytotoxic. The production of Cyclin D1, CDK4 and MMP-2 activity were significantly decreased in a SBWE dose-dependent manner, with maximum inhibition occurring at SBWE concentrations of 250 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml. SBWE inhibited cell cycle progression in the G1/S phase and significantly inhibited the motility of A549 cells. CONCLUSIONS Cyclin D1 protein may be associated with MMP-2 activity and cell motility. Thus, SBWE promotes a strong protective effect against MMP-2 mediated metastasis and cell proliferation through the down-regulation of cyclin D1. SBWE may be a useful chemotherapeutic agent for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Il Park
- Institute of Life Science and College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Gazwa, Jinju 660-701, Republic of Korea
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Song L, Dong W, Gao M, Li J, Hu M, Guo N, Huang C. A novel role of IKKalpha in the mediation of UVB-induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest response by suppressing Cyclin D1 expression. Biochim Biophys Acta 2010; 1803:323-32. [PMID: 20080131 PMCID: PMC2850076 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation (290-320nm wavelength) from sunlight induces a variety of medical problems, including sunburn, immunosuppression and skin cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms related to UVB-induced cell damage and/or mutagenic effects have not been fully defined. Here, we demonstrate that one of the catalytic subunits of the IkappaB kinase complex (IKK), IKKalpha, plays a critical role in mediation of the UVB-induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest response by suppressing Cyclin D1 expression. Notably, IKKa-dependent Cyclin D1 regulation is unrelated to IKKbeta/NF-kappaB activity. We further show that IKKalpha-dependent downregulation of Cyclin D1 expression in the UVB response results from the reduction of ERK1/2-dependent Cyclin D1 transcription coupled with an increase of p38 kinase-dependent Cyclin D1 proteolysis. Thus, our results have identified the novel role of IKKalpha in regulating cell cycle progression during the cellular UVB response. Targeting IKKalpha might be promising for the prevention of UVB-induced cell damage and tumorigenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lun Song
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Wen Dong
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Ming Gao
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Jingxia Li
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
| | - Meiru Hu
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Ning Guo
- Department of Cellular Immunology, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Chuanshu Huang
- Nelson Institute of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 57 Old Forge Road, Tuxedo, NY 10987, USA
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Won C, Lee CS, Lee JK, Kim TJ, Lee KH, Yang YM, Kim YN, Ye SK, Chung MH. CADPE suppresses cyclin D1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma by blocking IL-6-induced STAT3 activation. Anticancer Res 2010; 30:481-488. [PMID: 20332458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The initiation and growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are closely linked to chronic inflammation. Not only is cyclin D1 overexpressed, but it is also related to aggressive progression in HCC. However, the mechanism of expression cyclin D1, a cell-cycle regulator of paramount importance, in the tumor microenvironment remains unknown. Here, we investigated the mechanism of cyclin D1 expression induced by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and whether 3-[3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl]-acrylic acid 2-[3,4-dihydroxy-phenyl]-ethyl ester (CADPE), a derivate of caffeic acid, suppresses cyclin D1 expression. CADPE significantly inhibited IL-6-induced signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activity in the Huh7 HCC cell line and attenuated IL-6-induced cyclin D1 transcription. Moreover, overexpression of constitutively active STAT3 increased cyclin D1 transcriptional activity and protein expression, whereas overexpression of a dominant-negative STAT3 deletion mutant (STAT3 (1-588)) reduced cyclin D1 transcriptional activity. In addition, CADPE effectively deacetylated histone 4 and prevented STAT3 recruitment to the cyclin D1 promoter, consistent with a role for the CADPE target, STAT3, in the regulation of cyclin D1 transcription. Collectively, these results indicate that CADPE suppresses cyclin D1 expression in HCC cells by blocking both IL-6-mediated STAT3 activation and recruitment of STAT3 to the cyclin D1 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheolhee Won
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Korea
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Ozmen A, Madlener S, Bauer S, Krasteva S, Vonach C, Giessrigl B, Gridling M, Viola K, Stark N, Saiko P, Michel B, Fritzer-Szekeres M, Szekeres T, Askin-Celik T, Krenn L, Krupitza G. In vitro anti-leukemic activity of the ethno-pharmacological plant Scutellaria orientalis ssp. carica endemic to western Turkey. Phytomedicine 2010; 17:55-62. [PMID: 19576743 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2009] [Accepted: 06/02/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THIS STUDY Within the genus Scutellaria various species are used in different folk medicines throughout Asia. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) uses S. baicalensis (Labiatae) to treat various inflammatory conditions. The root shows strong anticancer properties in vitro and was suggested for clinical trials against multiple myeloma. Further, S. barbata was successfully tested against metastatic breast cancer in a phase I/II trial. Therefore, we investigated the anti-cancer properties of S. orientalis L. ssp. carica Edmondson, an endemic subspecies from the traditional medicinal plant S. orientalis L. in Turkey, which is used to promote wound healing and to stop haemorrhage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Freeze-dried plant material was extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and methanol and the bioactivity of these extracts was analysed by proliferation assay, cell death determination, and by investigating protein expression profiles specific for cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. RESULTS The strongest anti-leukemic activity was shown by the methanol extract, which contained apigenin, baicalein, chrysin, luteolin and wogonin, with an IpC50 of 43 microg/ml (corresponding to 1.3mg/ml of dried plant material) which correlated with cyclin D1- and Cdc25A suppression and p21 induction. At 132 microg/ml (=4 mg/ml of the drug) this extract caused genotoxic stress indicated by substantial phosphorylation of the core histone H2AX (gamma-H2AX) followed by activation of caspase 3 and signature-type cleavage of PARP resulting in a 55% apoptosis rate after 48 hours of treatment. CONCLUSIONS Here, we report for the first time that S. orientalis L. ssp. carica Edmondson exhibited potent anti-leukaemic properties likely through the anti-proliferative effect of baicalein and the genotoxic property of wogonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ozmen
- Institute of Biology, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Adnan Menderes Universitesi, Aydin, Turkey
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44
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Zhao M, He HW, Sun HX, Ren KH, Shao RG. Dual knockdown of N-ras and epiregulin synergistically suppressed the growth of human hepatoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009; 387:239-44. [PMID: 19563783 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2009.06.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 06/24/2009] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major challenge because of its resistance to conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Multi-targeted therapy might be a new option for HCC treatment. Our previous study showed that N-ras gene was activated in HCC and was inhibited by RNA interference. In the present study, we investigated the alternation of gene expression by microarray in N-Ras-siRNA-treated HepG2 cells. The results revealed that the EREG gene, encoding epiregulin, was dramatically up-regulated in response to silence of N-ras. We speculated that the up-regulation of epiregulin was involved in the compensatory mechanism of N-ras knockdown for cell growth. Therefore, we evaluated whether dual silence of N-ras and epiregulin display a greater suppression of cell growth. The results confirmed that dual knockdown of N-ras and epiregulin synergistically inhibited cell growth. Our results also showed that dual knockdown of N-ras and epiregulin significantly induced cell arrest at G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, Western blot assay showed that dual knockdown of N-ras and epiregulin markedly reduced the phosphorylations of ERK1/2, Akt and Rb, and inhibited the expression of cyclin D1. Our findings imply that multi-targeted silence of oncogenes might be an effective treatment for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
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45
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Huang H, Hu YD, Li N, Zhu Y. Inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis by non-small cell lung cancer cells transfected with cyclin D1-targeted siRNA. Oligonucleotides 2009; 19:151-62. [PMID: 19355812 PMCID: PMC2948454 DOI: 10.1089/oli.2008.0174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2008] [Accepted: 02/22/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
To observe whether cyclin D1 siRNA-mediated inhibition of cyclin D1 represents a promising antigrowth and antimetastatic strategy for cancer gene therapy, particularly for non-small cell lung cancers. To stably transfect the A549 cell line with a cyclin D1-targeted siRNA to downregulate cyclin D1 expression and observe the effects on protein expression, and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Expression of cyclin D1-targeted siRNA resulted in a decrease in cyclin D1, MMP-2, RhoA, and Rac1 protein levels, as detected by Western blot and immunofluorescence studies. Transfected cells also exhibited a marked decrease in the rate of cell growth, and decreased invasive capacity, compared to cells transduced with a scrambled siRNA plasmid and untransduced A549 cells. siRNA-mediated inhibition of cyclin D1 expression represents a promising antigrowth and antimetastatic strategy for cancer gene therapy, particularly for non-small cell lung cancers. It is the reason for inhibiting tumor growth so that cyclin D1 siRNA can inhibit the cell cycle progression. In addition, the mechanism of inhibiting tumor metastasis was related to the decrease in the expression of MMP-2, RhoA, and Rac1 after cyclin D1 was decreased by cyclin D1 siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Huang
- Third Department of Oncology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pathology, 161 Hospital WuHan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-de Hu
- Third Department of Oncology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pathology, 161 Hospital WuHan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Third Department of Oncology, XinQiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, People's Republic of China
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Li D, Zhu J, Zhou Y, Liu X. [Influence of DNAzymes against cyclin D1 in tumor cell cycle]. Sheng Wu Yi Xue Gong Cheng Xue Za Zhi 2009; 26:374-384. [PMID: 19499806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
In this study, DNAzymes against cyclin D1 (cyclin D1-DRz) were designed according to the secondary structure of cyclin D1 mRNA which was computed with RNAdraw and Mfold. Cyclin D1-DRz were transfected into tumor cell line u251 and HeLa by oligofectamine. The expression of cyclin D1 was detected by RT-PCR. It was shown that the expression of cyclin D1 gene was suppressed obviously, and the expressions of other cell-cycle related genes such as cyclin E1, cyclin A1 and cyclin B1 were also declined. The cell cycle analysis of tumor cells tansfected with cyclin D1-DRz revealed an arrestment in the G0/G1 phase. In conclusion, the approach is effective and feasible for designing DNAzyme. Cyclin D1-DRz is useful for interfering with the cell cycle procession of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Institute of Life Science and Biotechnology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
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Jiang H, Shang X, Wu H, Gautam SC, Al-Holou S, Li C, Kuo J, Zhang L, Chopp M. Resveratrol downregulates PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways in human U251 glioma cells. J Exp Ther Oncol 2009; 8:25-33. [PMID: 19827268 PMCID: PMC2833270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol (trans-3,4', 5-trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound that has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective properties and acts as a chemopreventive agent. Resveratrol causes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptotic cell death in various types of cancer cells. In the current studies, the effect of resveratrol on phosphoinositide kinase-3 (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway was examined in human U251 glioma cells. Resveratrol decreased both the expression and phosphorylation of Akt. Inhibitors of PI3K (LY294002) and Akt (SH-6) enhanced resveratrol-induced LDH release and caspase-3 activation. Resveratrol reduced phosphorylation of ribosomal protein S6 and the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin further enhanced resveratrol-induced cell death. These results suggest that the downregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways may be an important mediator in resveratrol-induced apoptosis in glioma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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48
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Qiao LF, Xu YJ, Liu XS, Xie JG, Du CL, Zhang J, Ni W, Chen SX. [Recombination and identification of sense and antisence CyclinD1 eukaryotic expression vectors and the effects of the vectors on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cell in asthmatic rats]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2008; 43:247-252. [PMID: 18630259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This study is to investigate the expression of CyclinD1 in asthmatic rats and construct expression plasmids of sense and antisense CyclinD1 gene and transfect them to asthmatic airway smooth muscle cell to study the effects of CyclinD1 on the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells in asthmatic rats. CyclinD1 cDNA was obtained by RT-PCR of total RNA extracted from the airway smooth muscle in asthmatic rats. The sequence was inserted into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1 (+) to recombinate the sense and antisense pcDNA3.1-CyclinD1 eukaryotic expression vector. The two recombinations and vector were then separately transfected into airway smooth muscle cell in asthmatic rats by using liposome. The expression level of CyclinD1 was certificated by Western blotting analysis. The proliferations of ASMCs isolated from asthmatic rats were examined with cell cycle analysis, MTT colorimetric assay and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunocytochemical staining. Results showed (1) Compared with control group, the content of CyclinD1 was significantly increased; (2) It was comformed by restriction endonucleasa digestion and DNA sequence analysis that the expression plasmid of sense and antisense CyclinD1 were successfully recombinated. There was significant change of CyclinD1 expression between vector and sense CyclinD1 transfected cells, and the expression level of CyclinD1 in ASMC transfected with antisense CyclinD1 was lower than that in vector transfected cells (P <0.01); (3) In the asthmatic groups, compared with the vecter group, the percentage of S + G2M phase, absorbance A value of MTT and the expression rate of PCNA protein in ASMC transfected with pcDNA3. 1-CyclinD1 vector significantly increased. The values decreased remarkably in the pcDNA3,1-as CyclinD1 group. Statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences in these indicators of cell proliferation in three groups (P <0.01). In the normal groups, statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the percentage of S + G2M phase, a value of MTT and the expression rate of PCNA protein in three groups (P <0.01). Sense CyclinD1 eukaryotic expression vectors could have a positive effect on the proliferation of ASMC, however the antisence one have a negative effect, which implicated that CyclinD1 might contribute to the process of airway smooth muscle cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Fen Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Pestell
- Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
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50
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Yasui M, Yamamoto H, Ngan CY, Damdinsuren B, Sugita Y, Fukunaga H, Gu J, Maeda M, Takemasa I, Ikeda M, Fujio Y, Sekimoto M, Matsuura N, Weinstein IB, Monden M. Antisense to cyclin D1 inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-stimulated growth of vascular endothelial cells: implication of tumor vascularization. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 12:4720-9. [PMID: 16899623 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Our aim was to determine the effects of cyclin D1 inhibition on tumor-associated neovascularization and endothelial cell growth. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We have generated adenovirus system for antisense to cyclin D1 (AS CyD1) and evaluated in vitro and in vivo effects. Small interfering RNA against cyclin D1 was also used to analyze cyclin D1 inhibition-associated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulation. RESULTS The xenografts treated with adenoviral AS CyD1 showed less vessel density and displayed smaller tumor size in colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and DLD1. In vitro studies indicated that AS CyD1 decreased VEGF protein expression in DLD1 but not in HCT116. Cyclin D1 small interfering RNA caused a decrease in VEGF expression at protein and RNA levels in DLD1. A modest decrease was noted in the VEGF promoter activity, with inactivation of the STAT3 transcription factor through dephosphorylation. On the hand, the cyclin D1 inhibition plus STAT3 inhibitor markedly decreased VEGF expression in HCT116, although VEGF did not change by the STAT3 inhibitor alone. In cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), VEGF augmented cyclin D1 expression and cell growth. AS CyD1 significantly inhibited HUVEC growth even in the presence of VEGF. AS CyD1 also significantly suppressed in vitro tube formation in VEGF-treated HUVEC and in vivo macroaneurysm formation in VEGF-treated Matrigel plug. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that cyclin D1 may play a role in the maintenance of VEGF expression and that AS CyD1 could be potentially useful for targeting both cancer cells and their microenvironment of tumor vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Yasui
- Department of Surgery and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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