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Pérez Segura LF, Ramirez RF, Relling AE, Roque-Jimenez JA, Zhang N, Vargas-Bello-Pérez E, Lee-Rangel HA. Effects of maternal calcium propionate supplementation on offspring productivity and meat metabolomic profile in sheep. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294627. [PMID: 38117821 PMCID: PMC10732376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This study determined the effect of dietary calcium propionate (CaPr) as a source of energy supplementation during the First Half of Gestation (FMG), the Second Half of Gestation (SMG), and during All Gestation (AG), on offspring post-weaning growth performance, meat quality, and meat metabolomic profile. Thirty-one pregnant ewes were assigned to one of four treatments: a) supplementation of 30 gd-1 of CaPr during the first half of gestation (day 1 to day 75, n = 8) (FMG); b) supplementation of 30 gd-1 of CaPr during the second half of gestation (day 76 to day 150, n = 8) (SMG); c) supplementation of 30 gd-1 of CaPr during all gestation (AG, n = 8); d) no CaPr supplementation (control; CS, n = 7). The ewes were ad libitum fed a basal diet based on oat hay and corn silage. Ewes were distributed in a completely randomized unbalanced design to four treatments. The FMG group had lower (P ≤ 0.05) birth weight and weaning weight than the CS group. However, the average daily gain was similar across all treatments. Empty body weight and FMG had lower values (P ≤ 0.05) than the other groups. Both FMG and AG had lower hot carcass weight (P ≤ 0.05) compared to CS, while CaPr treatments resulted in reduced hot carcass yield (P ≤ 0.05). Meat color and texture were similar among treatments. A principal component analysis between gestation stages showed a trend for separating CS and FMG from SMG and AG, and that was explained by 93.7% of the data variability (PC1 = 87.9% and PC2 = 5.8%). Regarding meat metabolomic profile, 23 compounds were positively correlated between all treatments. Only 2 were negatively correlated (eicosane and naphthalene 1,2,3); but tetradecanoic acid, hexadecane, undecane 5-methyl, (-)-alpha, hexadecenoic acid, octadecanoic acid, and octadecane had a highly significant correlation (P ≤ 0.05). Overall, dam supplementation with CaPr during different periods of gestation provoked changes in meat metabolites related to the biosynthesis of fatty acids in lambs without negative changes in lamb's growth performance and carcass quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Pérez Segura
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria—Centro de Biociencias Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Rogelio Flores Ramirez
- CONACYT Research Fellow, Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - Alejandro E. Relling
- Department of Animal Science, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH, United States of America
| | - José Alejandro Roque-Jimenez
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria—Centro de Biociencias Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí, México
| | - Naifeng Zhang
- Institute of Feed Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
- Facultad de Zootecnia y Ecología, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | - Héctor A. Lee-Rangel
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria—Centro de Biociencias Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Soledad de Graciano Sánchez, San Luis Potosí, México
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Roque-Jiménez JA, Oviedo-Ojeda MF, Whalin M, Lee-Rangel HA, Relling AE. Ewe early gestation supplementation with eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids affects the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue fatty acid profile and liver mRNA expression in the offspring. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad144. [PMID: 37158288 PMCID: PMC10263116 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Our objectives were to assess the effects of eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA) supplementation to pregnant ewes during the first third of gestation on their offspring's liver, adipose, and muscle tissues fatty acid (FA) profile and liver mRNA expression after a finishing period receiving diets with different FA profiles. Twenty-four post-weaning lambs, blocked by sex and body weight, were used in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. The first factor was dam supplementation (DS) in the first third of gestation with 1.61% of Ca salts of palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) or Ca salts enriched with EPA-DHA. Ewes were exposed to rams with marking paint harnesses during the breeding. Ewes started DS at the day of mating, considered day 1 of conception. Twenty-eight days after mating, ultrasonography was used to confirm pregnancy, and nonpregnant ewes were removed from the groups. After weaning, the offspring lambs were supplemented (LS, second main factor) with two different FA sources (1.48% of PFAD or 1.48% of EPA-DHA) during the growing and fattening phase. Lambs were fed the LS diet for 56 d and sent to slaughter, where the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue samples were collected for FA analysis. Liver samples were collected for relative mRNA expression for genes associated with FA transport and metabolism. The data were analyzed as a mixed model in SAS (9.4). In the liver, the amount of C20:5 and C22:6 (P < 0.01) increased in lambs with LS-EPA-DHA, while some C18:1 cis FA isomers were greater in the lambs from DS-PFAD. In muscle, amounts of C22:1, C20:5, and C22:5 increased (P < 0.05) in lambs born from DS-EPA-DHA. The adipose tissue amounts of C20:5, C22:5, and C22:6 were greater (P < 0.01) in lambs from LS-EPA-DHA. Interactions (DS × LS; P < 0.05) were observed for DNMT3β, FABP-1, FABP-5, SCD, and SREBP-1; having greater mRNA expression in liver tissue of LS-EPA-DHA, DS-PFAD and LS-PFAD, DS-EPA-DHA lambs compared with the lambs in the other two treatments. Liver ELOVL2 mRNA relative expression (P < 0.03) was greater in the offspring of DS-PFAD. Relative mRNA expression (P < 0.05) of GLUT1, IGF-1, LPL, and PPARγ increased in the liver from LS-EPA-DHA lambs. Dam supplementation during early gestation using with different FA sources changed the lipid FA profile in MT, LT, and SAT during the finishing period depending on the tissue and type of FA source administered during the growing phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Roque-Jiménez
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Mario F Oviedo-Ojeda
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Megan Whalin
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
| | - Héctor A Lee-Rangel
- Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, San Luis Potosí 78175, México
| | - Alejandro E Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster, OH 44691, USA
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Macías-Cruz U, Vicente-Pérez R, Correa-Calderon A, Mellado M, Meza-Herrera CA, Arechiga CF, Avendaño-Reyes L. n-6 Polyunsaturated fatty acids in the feeding of late gestation hair ewes: the effects on thermoregulation, growth, and metabolism of heat-stressed growing lambs. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2021; 65:2077-2086. [PMID: 34226974 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to determine the effects of feeding soybean oil (SBO), an ingredient rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), to late gestation hair ewes on physiological responses, feedlot performance, and serum metabolite and electrolyte concentrations of their growing ewe lambs under outdoor heat stress conditions. Twenty-four Dorper × Pelibuey ewe lambs weaned (body weight = 21.5 ± 0.2 kg, age= 2 months, and multiple birth) born from ewes fed 0, 30, or 60 mg of SBO/kg dry matter (DM) during late gestation were selected (n = 8/treatment) to conduct a 30-day feeding trial during the summer season of a desert region (temperature = 34 °C and temperature-humidity index = 35 units). While rectal temperature was unaffected in any daytime, respiratory rate in the afternoon quadratically increased (P = 0.05) as the SBO levels increased from 0 to 60 mg/kg DM in the maternal diet. Final weight, average daily gain, and feed efficiency linearly increased (P = 0.04) with increasing levels of SBO. Body surface temperatures and serum concentration of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, urea, sodium, potassium, and chlorine did not vary by the SBO inclusion in the maternal diet. In conclusion, feeding late gestation hair ewes with source rich in n-6 PUFA appears to be an effective maternal nutritional strategy to improve post-weaning growth without compromising the thermoregulatory ability of their growing offspring under a heat stress environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulises Macías-Cruz
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California, 21705, México
| | - Ricardo Vicente-Pérez
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola CUCSUR, Universidad de Guadalajara, Autlán de Navarro, Jalisco, 48900, México
| | - Abelardo Correa-Calderon
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California, 21705, México
| | - Miguel Mellado
- Departamento de Nutrición Animal, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila, 25315, México
| | - Cesar A Meza-Herrera
- Unidad Regional Universitaria de Zonas Áridas, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Bermejillo, Durango, 35230, México
| | - Carlos F Arechiga
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Calera, Zacatecas, 98500, México
| | - Leonel Avendaño-Reyes
- Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Valle de Mexicali, Baja California, 21705, México.
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Pewan SB, Otto JR, Kinobe RT, Adegboye OA, Malau-Aduli AEO. Nutritional Enhancement of Health Beneficial Omega-3 Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Muscle, Liver, Kidney, and Heart of Tattykeel Australian White MARGRA Lambs Fed Pellets Fortified with Omega-3 Oil in a Feedlot System. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10090912. [PMID: 34571789 PMCID: PMC8465306 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The problem addressed in this research was the possibility of enhancing the nutritional value and health beneficial omega-3 long-chain fatty acid content of lamb and its edible components. The aims and objectives were to evaluate the omega-3 contents of muscle, liver, kidney, and heart of lot-fed Tattykeel Australian White lambs of the MARGRA brand, in response to dietary supplementation with or without omega-3 oil fortified pellets. The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of omega-3 oil in feedlot diets of lambs enhances the human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of edible muscle tissue and organs without compromising meat quality or shelf life. These results are valuable to society because of increased functionality, health benefits, micro-marbling, tender, mouth-melting taste, and high-end eating quality experience of MARGRA lamb tissues and organs. Abstract The aim of this research was to evaluate the nutritional enhancement of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 LC-PUFA) composition of edible lamb Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle, heart, kidney, and liver in response to dietary supplementation of lot-fed lambs with or without omega-3 oil fortified pellets. The hypothesis tested was that fortifying feedlot pellets with omega-3 oil will enhance the human health beneficial n-3 LC-PUFA composition of edible lamb muscle tissue and organs. Seventy-five Tattykeel Australian White lambs exclusive to the MARGRA brand, with an average body weight of 30 kg at six months of age, were randomly assigned to the following three dietary treatments of 25 lambs each, and lot-fed as a cohort for 47 days in a completely randomized experimental design: (1) Control grain pellets without oil plus hay; (2) Omega-3 oil fortified grain pellets plus hay; and (3) Commercial whole grain pellets plus hay. All lambs had ad libitum access to the basal hay diet and water. Post-slaughter fatty acid composition of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle, liver, kidney, and heart were determined using thee gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometry technique. Results indicated significant variations (p < 0.05) in fatty acid profiles between tissues and organs. Omega-3 oil fortified pellets significantly (p < 0.05) increased ≥C20 n-3 LC-PUFA (C20:5n-3 eicosapentaenoate, EPA + C22:5n3 docosapentaenoate, DPA + C22:6n3 docosahexanoate DHA); C18:3n-3 alpha-linolenate, ALA; C18:2 conjugated linoleic acid, CLA; total monounsaturated fatty acids, MUFA; polyunsaturated fatty acids, PUFA contents; and reduced the ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids in all lamb organs and tissues without impacting shelf-life. The findings demonstrate that the inclusion of omega-3 oil in feedlot diets of lambs enhances the human health beneficial omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid profiles of edible muscle tissue and organs without compromising meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shedrach Benjamin Pewan
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
- National Veterinary Research Institute, Private Mail Bag 01 Vom, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - John Roger Otto
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Robert Tumwesigye Kinobe
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
| | - Oyelola Abdulwasiu Adegboye
- Public Health and Tropical Medicine Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia;
| | - Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-Aduli
- Animal Genetics and Nutrition, Veterinary Sciences Discipline, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, Division of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia; (S.B.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.T.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-747-815-339
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Effects of Supplements Differing in Fatty Acid Profile to Late Gestational Beef Cows on Steer Progeny Finishing Phase Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, and mRNA Expression of Myogenic and Adipogenic Genes. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11071904. [PMID: 34206801 PMCID: PMC8300423 DOI: 10.3390/ani11071904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective was to investigate the effects of feeding late gestational beef cows supplements differing in fatty acid profile on steer progeny finishing phase growth performance, carcass characteristics, and relative mRNA expression of myogenic and adipogenic genes. Seventy Angus-cross steers (initial body weight [BW] 273 ± 34 kg) born from dams supplemented with either 155 g DM/d EnerGII (CON, rich in palmitic and oleic acids) or 80 g DM/d Strata + 80 g DM/d Prequel (PUFA, rich in linoleic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) for the last 77 ± 6 d prepartum were used. Longissimus muscle and subcutaneous adipose biopsies were collected to evaluate relative mRNA expression of genes related to myogenesis and adipogenesis. Steers were slaughtered at 423 ± 6 d of age. No treatment × time interaction or treatment effect (p ≥ 0.21) was detected for steer finishing phase BW, while steers from PUFA supplemented dams tended (p = 0.06) to have a greater gain to feed ratio (G:F). Neither carcass characteristics nor relative mRNA expression was different (p ≥ 0.11). In conclusion, late gestation PUFA supplementation tended to increase steer progeny finishing phase G:F, but had no effects on finishing phase BW, carcass characteristics, or relative mRNA expression during the finishing phase.
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Shao T, Ireland FA, McCann JC, Shike DW. Effects of supplements differing in fatty acid profile to late gestational beef cows on cow performance, calf growth performance, and mRNA expression of genes associated with myogenesis and adipogenesis. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:67. [PMID: 34120653 PMCID: PMC8201839 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00588-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Maternal nutrition during gestation affects fetal development, which has long-term programming effects on offspring postnatal growth performance. With a critical role in protein and lipid metabolism, essential fatty acids can influence the development of muscle and adipose tissue. The experiment investigated the effects of late gestation supplements (77 d prepartum), either rich in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (CON; 155 g/cow/d EnerGII) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA; 80 g/cow/d Strata and 80 g/cow/d Prequel), on cow performance and subsequent calf growth performance as well as mRNA expression in longissimus muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue at birth and weaning. Results There was no difference (P ≥ 0.34) in cow body weight (BW) or body condition score from pre-supplementation through weaning. Relative concentrations of C18:3n-3 and C20:4n-6 decreased (P ≤ 0.05) to a greater extent from mid-supplementation to calving for PUFA compared with CON cows. Cow plasma C20:0, C20:5n-3, and C22:6n-3 were increased (P ≤ 0.01) in PUFA during supplementation period. At birth, PUFA steers had greater (P = 0.01) plasma C20:5n-3. No differences (P ≥ 0.33) were detected in steer birth BW or dam milk production, however, CON steers tended (P = 0.06) to have greater pre-weaning average daily gain and had greater (P = 0.05) weaning BW compared with PUFA. For mRNA expression in steers: MYH7 and C/EBPβ in LM increased (P ≤ 0.04) to a greater extent from birth to weaning for PUFA compared with CON; MYF5 in LM and C/EBPβ in adipose tissue tended (P ≤ 0.08) to decrease more from birth to weaning for CON compared with PUFA; SCD in PUFA adipose tissue tended (P = 0.08) to decrease to a greater extent from birth to weaning than CON. In addition, maternal PUFA supplementation tended (P = 0.08) to decrease MYOG mRNA expression in LM and decreased (P = 0.02) ZFP423 in adipose tissue during the pre-weaning stage. Conclusions Late gestation PUFA supplementation decreased pre-weaning growth performance of the subsequent steer progeny compared with CON supplementation, which could have been a result of downregulated mRNA expression of myogenic genes during pre-weaning period. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00588-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoqi Shao
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Frank A Ireland
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Joshua C McCann
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Daniel W Shike
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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Han F, Zhou L, Zhao L, Wang L, Liu L, Li H, Qiu J, He J, Liu N. Identification of miRNA in Sheep Intramuscular Fat and the Role of miR-193a-5p in Proliferation and Differentiation of 3T3-L1. Front Genet 2021; 12:633295. [PMID: 33936163 PMCID: PMC8083875 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.633295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intramuscular fat (IMF) is one of the most critical parameters affecting meat quality and mainly affected by genetic factors. MicroRNA as an important regulatory factor, which is still a lack of research in the development of sheep IMF deposition. We used RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and cell-level validation to explore the role of miRNA in IMF deposition. As for this purpose, longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) samples of 2 month-old (Mth-2) and 12 months-old (Mth-12) Aohan fine-wool sheep (AFWS) were used to identified miRNAs expression. We found 59 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNA) between these age groups and predicted their 1,796 target genes. KEGG functional enrichment analysis revealed eight pathways involved in lipid metabolism-related processes, including fatty acid elongation and the AMPK signaling pathway. A highly expressed DE-miRNA, miR-193a-5p, was found to serve a function in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. Luciferase assay demonstrated that miR-193a-5p directly binds to the 3′-UTR region of ACAA2. By constructing mimics and inhibitor vector transfecting into 3T3-L1 cells to explore the effect of miR-193a-5p on cell proliferation and differentiation, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-193a-5p inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte proliferation, as evidenced by decreased mRNA and protein expression of CDK4 and CyclinB. CCK-8 assay showed that miR-193a-5p significantly inhibited cell proliferation. Similarly, the overexpression of miR-193a-5p inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation and adipocyte-specific molecular markers’ expression, leading to a decrease in PPARγ and C/EBPα and ACAA2. Inhibition of miR-193a-5p had the opposite effects. Our study lists the miRNAs associated with intramuscular lipid deposition in sheep and their potential targets, striving to improve sheep meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhui Han
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lisheng Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Le Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lirong Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Haijuan Li
- Aohan Fine Wool Sheep Stud Farm, Chifeng, China
| | - Jixian Qiu
- Runlin Animal Industry Co., Ltd., Linqing, China
| | - Jianning He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Nan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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Roque-Jiménez JA, Rosa-Velázquez M, Pinos-Rodríguez JM, Vicente-Martínez JG, Mendoza-Cervantes G, Flores-Primo A, Lee-Rangel HA, Relling AE. Role of Long Chain Fatty Acids in Developmental Programming in Ruminants. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030762. [PMID: 33801880 PMCID: PMC8001802 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The objective of the current review is to provide a broad perspective on developmental program aspects of dietary n-3 FA supplementation in ruminants during pre-conception, conception, pregnancy, early life, including its effects on production, lipid metabolism, and health of the offspring. Offspring growth and metabolism could change depending on the FA profile and the stage of gestation when the dam is supplemented. Despite this extended review we are highlighting areas that we consider that there is a lack of information. Abstract Nutrition plays a critical role in developmental programs. These effects can be during gametogenesis, gestation, or early life. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are essential for normal physiological functioning and for the health of humans and all domestic species. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of n-3 PUFA in ruminant diets during gestation and its effects on pre-and postnatal offspring growth and health indices. In addition, different types of fatty acids have different metabolic functions, which affects the developmental program differently depending on when they are supplemented. This review provides a broad perspective of the effect of fatty acid supplementation on the developmental program in ruminants, highlighting the areas of a developmental program that are better known and the areas that more research may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alejandro Roque-Jiménez
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, Mexico; (J.A.R.-J.); (H.A.L.-R.)
| | - Milca Rosa-Velázquez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91710, Mexico; (M.R.-V.); (J.M.P.-R.); (J.G.V.-M.); (A.F.-P.)
| | - Juan Manuel Pinos-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91710, Mexico; (M.R.-V.); (J.M.P.-R.); (J.G.V.-M.); (A.F.-P.)
| | - Jorge Genaro Vicente-Martínez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91710, Mexico; (M.R.-V.); (J.M.P.-R.); (J.G.V.-M.); (A.F.-P.)
| | | | - Argel Flores-Primo
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, Veracruz 91710, Mexico; (M.R.-V.); (J.M.P.-R.); (J.G.V.-M.); (A.F.-P.)
| | - Héctor Aarón Lee-Rangel
- Facultad de Agronomía y Veterinaria, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí 78321, Mexico; (J.A.R.-J.); (H.A.L.-R.)
| | - Alejandro E. Relling
- Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH 44691, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-330-263-3900
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Rosa Velazquez M, Batistel F, Pinos Rodriguez JM, Relling AE. Effects of maternal dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and methionine during late gestation on fetal growth, DNA methylation, and mRNA relative expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response, lipid metabolism and DNA methylation in placenta and offspring's liver in sheep. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:111. [PMID: 33292515 PMCID: PMC7672917 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 PUFA or methionine (Met) supply during gestation alters offspring physiology. However, the effect of both nutrients on fetal development has not been explored. Our objective was to determine the effects of supplementation of these two nutrients during late gestation on fetal growth, DNA methylation, and mRNA expression of genes associated with the inflammatory response, and DNA methylation. Ewes (n = 5/treatment) were fed from day 100 to 145 of gestation one of the following treatments: 1) basal diet (NS) without fatty acids (FS) or methionine (MS) supplementation; 2) FS (10 g/kg Ca salts, source omega-3 PUFA); 3) MS (1 g/kg rumen protected methionine); and 4) FS and MS (FS-MS). On day 145, ewes were euthanized, and data from dams and fetus was recorded. Placenta (cotyledon), fetal liver, and blood samples were collected. RESULTS A treatments interaction on fetal liver weight, ewe body weight and body condition score (BCS) was observed; FS-MS were heavier (P < 0.01) than FS and MS, and FS-MS ewes had a better (P = 0.02) BCS than NS. Methionine increased (P = 0.03) ewe plasma glucose concentration. Fetal liver global DNA methylation increased (P < 0.01) in FS and MS. Dietary treatments modify the mRNA relative expression on some of the genes evaluated. In the fetal liver, FS increased (P = 0.04) the mRNA relative expression of arachidonate-5-lipoxygenase-activating-protein and tended to decrease (P = 0.06) methionine-adenosyltransferase-1A. Moreover, MS decreased (P = 0.04) DNA-methyltransferase-1 and tended to decrease (P = 0.08) free-fatty-acid-receptor-1 mRNA relative expression. Furthermore, FS-MS decreased mRNA relative expression of tumor-necrosis-factor-alpha (P = 0.05), peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-delta (P = 0.03) and gamma (P = 0.04), tended to decrease (P ≤ 0.09) interleukin-6, fatty-acid-transport-protein-1, and delta-5-desaturase, and increased adenosylhomocysteinase (P = 0.04) mRNA relative expression. In cotyledon, FS tended to decrease fatty acid binding protein 4 (P = 0.09) mRNA relative expression. CONCLUSION Omega-3 PUFA and Met supplementation improves dam's performance in late gestation, which was positively correlated with an increase in offspring's liver development. Moreover, FS-MS decreased mRNA relative expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and lipogenic genes, and increased the expression on an enzyme that has an important role in methylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milca Rosa Velazquez
- Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Veracruzana, 91710, Veracruz, Mexico.,Department of Animal Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State University, 114 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Fernanda Batistel
- Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84322, USA
| | | | - Alejandro Enrique Relling
- Department of Animal Science, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), The Ohio State University, 114 Gerlaugh Hall, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA.
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Urrutia O, Mendizabal JA, Alfonso L, Soret B, Insausti K, Arana A. Adipose Tissue Modification through Feeding Strategies and Their Implication on Adipogenesis and Adipose Tissue Metabolism in Ruminants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3183. [PMID: 32365995 PMCID: PMC7246642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary recommendations by health authorities have been advising of the importance of diminishing saturated fatty acids (SFA) consumption and replacing them by polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), particularly omega-3. Therefore, there have been efforts to enhance food fatty acid profiles, helping them to meet human nutritional recommendations. Ruminant meat is the major dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) source, but it also contains SFA at relatively high proportions, deriving from ruminal biohydrogenation of PUFA. Additionally, lipid metabolism in ruminants may differ from other species. Recent research has aimed to modify the fatty acid profile of meat, and other animal products. This review summarizes dietary strategies based on the n-3 PUFA supplementation of ruminant diets and their effects on meat fatty acid composition. Additionally, the role of n-3 PUFA in adipose tissue (AT) development and in the expression of key genes involved in adipogenesis and lipid metabolism is discussed. It has been demonstrated that linseed supplementation leads to an increase in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), but not in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), whilst fish oil and algae increase DHA content. Dietary PUFA can alter AT adiposity and modulate lipid metabolism genes expression, although further research is required to clarify the underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olaia Urrutia
- IS-FOOD Institute, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y Biociencias, Departamento de Agronomía, Biotecnología y Alimentación, Universidad Pública de Navarra, 31006 Pamplona, Spain; (J.A.M.); (L.A.); (B.S.); (K.I.); (A.A.)
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