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Yan C, Hii J, Ngoen-Klan R, Ahebwa A, Saeung M, Chareonviriyaphap T. The effect of transfluthrin-treated jute and cotton emanator vests on human landing and fecundity of Anopheles minimus in Thailand. Acta Trop 2023; 242:106904. [PMID: 36967063 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Complementary approaches to tackle outdoor and early evening biting mosquitoes are urgently required. Transfluthrin (TFT) is a volatile pyrethroid capable of altering mosquito feeding behavior. This study investigated the efficacy of TFT-treated jute (TFT-J) and cotton (TFT-C) fabrics on human landing activity, feeding and fecundity of Anopheles minimus in Thailand. Jute and cotton fabrics each measuring 1024 cm2 were impregnated with 7.34 × 10-4 g/cm2 TFT (20%, w/v), and evaluated in a semi-field screen house system. Two collectors, wearing an untreated control or TFT-treated vests, conducted human-landing collections of released 100 laboratory-reared adult females of An. minimus from 18:00-00:00 h for 16 consecutive nights. Recaptured mosquitoes were given a blood meal for 30 min. with a membrane feeding system for assessment of blood feeding and fecundity. TFT-J, relative to control, significantly reduced human landings (Odds Ratio (OR) =0.27 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) [0.10-0.74], p = 0.011)), however no significant reduction was observed for TFT-C (OR=0.67 [95% CI 0.24-1.82], p = 0.43). Blood feeding was significantly lower among mosquitoes exposed to TFT-J (12.45% [95% CI, 2.04-22.85], p = 0.029) and TFT-C (13% [95% CI, 0.99-26.84], p = 0.016) relative to control. Impregnated fabrics had no effect on the mean number of egg oviposition. However, egg hatchability was reduced in TFT-J (49.5% [95% CI, 21.74-77.26], p = 0.029) and TFT-C (40.2% [95% CI, 17.21-63.19], p = 0.008) relative to control. TFT-J significantly reduced the landing, blood feeding, and fertility of An. minimus. Further studies are needed to evaluate different treatment methods on fabrics and their incorporation in integrated mosquito management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanly Yan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; College of Public Health, Medical & Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, North Queensland, QLD 4810, Australia
| | - Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Alex Ahebwa
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Manop Saeung
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Royal Society of Thailand, Thailand.
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Panthawong A, Nararak J, Jhaiaun P, Sukkanon C, Chareonviriyaphap T. Synergistic Behavioral Response Effect of Mixtures of Andrographis paniculata, Cananga odorata, and Vetiveria zizanioides against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). INSECTS 2023; 14:155. [PMID: 36835724 PMCID: PMC9966496 DOI: 10.3390/insects14020155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Each binary mixture formulation of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash (VZ) with Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wall. ex Nees (AP) or Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook.f. & Thomson (CO) and AP with CO at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4 ratios (v:v) was investigated for behavioral responses on laboratory and field strains of Aedes aegypti. Irritant and repellent activities of each formulation were compared with N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) using an excito-repellency test system. The result demonstrated that the mixture of VZ:AP in all combination ratios was the most effective in inducing an irritancy response against the laboratory strain (56.57-73.33%). The highest percentage of escaped mosquitoes exposed to the mixture at a 1:4 ratio (73.33%) was significantly different from DEET (26.67%) (p < 0.05). Against the field strain, the strongest escape response of AP:CO at a 1:1 ratio in the contact trial (70.18%) was significantly different compared with DEET (38.33%) (p < 0.05). There was a weak non-contact escape pattern in all combinations of VZ:CO against the laboratory strains (6.67-31.67%). These findings could lead to the further development of VZ and AP as active ingredients in a repellent that could advance to human use trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amonrat Panthawong
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jirod Nararak
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Pairpailin Jhaiaun
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
- Excellent Center for Dengue and Community Public Health (EC for DACH), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
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3
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Boonyuan W, Ahebwa A, Nararak J, Sathantriphop S, Chareonviriyaphap T. Enhanced Excito-Repellency of Binary Mixtures of Plant-Based Mosquito Repellents Against Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae), a Night Biting Mosquito Species. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:891-902. [PMID: 35094070 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Efficacies of essential oils (EOs) of Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash. (Poales: Poaceae) (VZ EO), Cananga odorata (Lam) Hook. F. & Thomson (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) (CO EO), and crude extract (CE) of Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Wall ex. Nees (Lamiales: Acanthaceae) (AP CE), against laboratory (lab) and field strains of Culex quinquefasciatus Say were investigated. Irritant and repellent activities of individual and binary mixtures of plant extracts were compared with N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) using an excito-repellency system. The irritant activity (direct tarsal contact), the mean percent escape response of VZ EO (91.67%, 83.33%), and CO EO (80%, 88.33%) were not significantly different compared with DEET (88.33%, 95%) against lab and field strains, respectively. Similarly, irritant responses in combinations (1:1 and 1:2, v:v) of either VZ EO or CO EO with AP CE were not significantly different from DEET against both strains (P > 0.001). The repellent activity (no tarsal contact), the mean percent escape response of VZ EO (68.33%), CO EO (61.67%), and VZ EO+AP CE (1:1, v:v) (81.67%) against lab strain and CO EO (85%) against field strain were not significantly different from that of DEET (P > 0.001). Interestingly, the greatest contact irritancy of VZ EO+AP CE (1:1, v:v) (96.67%) (P = 0.0026) and a stronger repellency response of CO EO (85%) (P = 0.0055) produced significantly different patterns of escape response compared with DEET against both lab and field strains, respectively. The EOs of VZ EO and CO EO or their mixture with AP CE showed potential as plant-based active ingredients for mosquito repellents. In addition, the major chemical constituents of VZ EO were β-vetivone (6.4%), khusimol (2.96%), and α-vetivone (2.94%) by gas chromatograpy-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Boonyuan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alex Ahebwa
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirod Nararak
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sunaiyana Sathantriphop
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
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Sirisopa P, Sukkanon C, Bangs MJ, Nakasathien S, Hii J, Grieco JP, Achee NL, Manguin S, Chareonviriyaphap T. Scientific achievements and reflections after 20 years of vector biology and control research at the Pu Teuy mosquito field research station, Thailand. Malar J 2022; 21:44. [PMID: 35164748 PMCID: PMC8842738 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-022-04061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Additional vector control tools are needed to supplement current strategies to achieve malaria elimination and control of Aedes-borne diseases in many settings in Thailand and the Greater Mekong Sub-region. Within the next decade, the vector control community, Kasetsart University (KU), and the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation must take full advantage of these tools that combine different active ingredients with different modes of action. Pu Teuy Mosquito Field Research Station (MFRS), Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University (KU), Thailand was established in 2001 and has grown into a leading facility for performing high-quality vector biology and control studies and evaluation of public health insecticides that are operationally relevant. Several onsite mosquito research platforms have been established including experimental huts, a 40-m long semi-field screening enclosure, mosquito insectary, field-laboratory, and living quarters for students and researchers. Field research and assessments ranged from 'basic' investigations on mosquito biology, taxonomy and genetics to more 'applied' studies on responses of mosquitoes to insecticides including repellency, behavioural avoidance and toxicity. In the course of two decades, 51 peer-reviewed articles have been published, and 7 masters and 16 doctoral degrees in Entomology have been awarded to national and international students. Continued support of key national stakeholders will sustain MFRS as a Greater Mekong Subregion centre of excellence and a resource for both insecticide trials and entomological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patcharawan Sirisopa
- grid.9723.f0000 0001 0944 049XDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Chutipong Sukkanon
- grid.412867.e0000 0001 0043 6347Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, 80160 Thailand
| | - Michael J. Bangs
- grid.9723.f0000 0001 0944 049XDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Sutkhet Nakasathien
- grid.9723.f0000 0001 0944 049XDepartment of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
| | - Jeffrey Hii
- grid.1011.10000 0004 0474 1797College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, North Queensland, QLD 4810 Australia
| | - John P. Grieco
- grid.131063.60000 0001 2168 0066Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN USA
| | - Nicole L. Achee
- grid.131063.60000 0001 2168 0066Department of Biological Sciences, Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN USA
| | - Sylvie Manguin
- grid.463853.f0000 0004 0384 4663HSM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, IMT, Montpellier, France
| | - Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
- grid.9723.f0000 0001 0944 049XDepartment of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900 Thailand
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Jhaiaun P, Panthawong A, Sukkanon C, Chareonviriyaphap T. Avoidance Behavior to Guava Leaf Volatile Oil by Three Medically Important Mosquito Vectors. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 114:2534-2542. [PMID: 34665255 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toab193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds from various plants have received popular interest as one of the vector control tools due to their eco-friendliness and insect-repellent activities. In this study, an excito-repellency assay system was used to examine the noncontact repellency, contact excitation, and knockdown (KD) effects of guava leaf (Psidium guajava L.) oil against Anopheles minimus (Theobald), Anopheles epiroticus (Linton & Harbach), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). The organic components of guava oil were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis with dl-limonene (17.4%), cymene (5.49%), and α-terpinene (5.20%) as the major constituents. At concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0%, 100% escape of An. minimus was recorded in the contact assay and 96-98% escape in the noncontact assay. Guava oil stimulated potent irritant (92% escape) and repellent (61-86% escape) effects against Cx. quinquefasciatus. A lower repellency action was observed against An. epiroticus (17-20% escape). No KD effect was observed for guava oil against An. minimus and Cx. quinquefasciatus at any concentration. However, An. epiroticus was more prone to KD effects, with the highest percentage KD (44% in nonescape group) observed with 5.0% guava oil in the noncontact assay. Mortalities of 35% and 11% were observed for An. epiroticus in the nonescape groups in the contact and noncontact assays, respectively. Concentrations of 1.0% and 2.5% guava oil led to <2% mortality in An. minimus. Our findings highlight guava oil as a promising plant-based mosquito repellent that can be included in insecticide formulations for future mosquito control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pairpailin Jhaiaun
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Panthawong
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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6
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Tisgratog R, Sukkanon C, Sugiharto VA, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Time of Test Periods Influence the Behavioral Responses of Anopheles minimus and Anopheles dirus (Diptera: Culicidae) to DEET. INSECTS 2021; 12:867. [PMID: 34680636 PMCID: PMC8540783 DOI: 10.3390/insects12100867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Information on factors influencing the behavioral responses of mosquitoes to repellents is lacking and poorly understood, especially in the Anopheles species, night-biting mosquitoes. Our goal was to investigate the impact of different time periods on circadian activity and behavioral responses of two malaria vectors, Anopheles minimus and An. dirus, to 5% DEET using an excito-repellency test system. Each mosquito species was exposed to the repellent during the daytime (06.00-18.00) and nighttime (18.00-06.00), and time of observation was further divided into four 3-h intervals. Significant escape responses were observed between daytime and nighttime for An. minimus in both noncontact and contact tests. An. dirus showed statistical differences in contact irritancy escape response, whereas no significant difference was found in noncontact repellency tests. Both mosquito species showed more significantly higher escape responses when exposed to DEET during the afternoon and late in the night. This finding indicates that the time of testing may affect the behavioral responses of mosquitoes to repellents, especially in An. minimus and An. dirus. A better understanding of nocturnally active mosquito behavioral responses spanning from dusk to dawn would assist in optimizing product development, screening, and effective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rungarun Tisgratog
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala 80160, Thailand;
| | - Victor Arief Sugiharto
- Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA;
| | - Michael J. Bangs
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT. Freeport Indonesia, International SOS, Kuala Kencana, Mimika Regency 99920, Indonesia;
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Sathantriphop S, Paeporn P, Ya-umphan P, Mukkhun P, Thanispong K, Chansang C, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T, Tainchum K. Behavioral Action of Deltamethrin and Cypermethrin in Pyrethroid-Resistant Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae): Implications for Control Strategies in Thailand. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:1157-1167. [PMID: 32020197 PMCID: PMC7334894 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Contact irritant (locomotor excitation) and noncontact spatial repellent avoidance behavior to deltamethrin and cypermethrin at dosages 0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 g/m2 impregnated on papers were evaluated in the laboratory against deltamethrin- and cypermethrin-resistant field populations of female Aedes aegypti (L.) from Rayong and Chanthaburi Provinces, Thailand. Pyrethroid-resistant populations were compared with a susceptible laboratory strain (NIH-Thai) using an 'excito-repellency' (ER) test system. Both NIH-Thai and field mosquitoes had stronger contact irritancy responses compared to the relatively weak noncontact repellency effects. Contact assays with deltamethrin and cypermethrin at 0.1 g/m2 showed high escape rates for Rayong (80.1 and 83.4%, respectively) and Chanthaburi (84.6 and 73.1%, respectively) mosquitoes. Cypermethrin produced significantly different (P < 0.05) percent escape responses in contact tests between NIH-Thai and field mosquitoes. Only deltamethrin contact at 0.05 g/m2 produced a significant escape response (P < 0.001) between NIH-Thai and Rayong mosquitoes. These results suggest that there may not be an overall significant effect of background pyrethroid resistance on escape response, and the differences by comparisons may reflect inherent individual variation when using the ER bioassay system. The results show that pyrethroid resistance in Ae. aegypti does not appear to influence or reduce contact avoidance responses with the compounds tested. In particular, deltamethrin at 0.1 g/m2 was an effective contact irritant and toxic compound against pyrethroid-resistant populations of Ae. aegypti. Therefore, 0.1 g/m2 deltamethrin could be considered for residual applications of either fixed surfaces or materials (e.g., curtains) as a supplemental control measure against adult dengue vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunaiyana Sathantriphop
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Pungasem Paeporn
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Phubeth Ya-umphan
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Pongsakorn Mukkhun
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Kanutcharee Thanispong
- Department of Disease Control, Bureau of Vector-Borne Diseases,Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Chitti Chansang
- Department of Medical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT Freeport Indonesia/International SOS, Jl. Kertajasa, Kuala Kencana, Papua, Indonesia
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Krajana Tainchum
- Agricultural Innovation and Management Division, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
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Sukkanon C, Karpkird T, Saeung M, Leepasert T, Panthawong A, Suwonkerd W, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Excito-repellency Activity of Andrographis paniculata (Lamiales: Acanthaceae) Against Colonized Mosquitoes. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 57:192-203. [PMID: 31550361 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excito-repellency activity of plant extracts have been increasingly studied as mosquito repellents. In this study, the crude extract of Andrographis paniculata was evaluated for its noncontact repellency, contact excitation (irritancy + repellency), and knockdown/toxicity response against five colonized mosquitoes; Aedes aegypti (L.), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrison, Anopheles epiroticus Linton & Harbach, and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae) using an excito-repellency assay system under laboratory-controlled conditions. The escape responses were observed at four different concentrations (0.5-5.0% w/v) with A. paniculata showing strong spatial repellency against Ae. albopictus (96.7% escape) and Ae. aegypti (71.7% escape) at the 2.5% and 0.5% concentrations, respectively. At 0.5% and 5.0% concentrations, the greatest repellency was seen for An. dirus (48.2% escape) and Cx. quinquefasciatus (59.7% escape), respectively. Comparatively, low repellency action was observed against An. epiroticus (1.6-15.0% escape). Escape in contact assays (before adjustment) was generally less pronounced compared to noncontact spatial repellency, with Ae. albopictus showing highest percent escape (71.4% escape) in the contact assay at 1.0% concentration. After adjusting for spatial repellency, escape due to contact irritancy alone was either not present or an insignificant contribution to the overall avoidance response for all species. No knockdown or mortality at 24-h postexposure was observed in any trials. These findings indicate that the A. paniculata crude extract is more active against day-biting mosquitoes; however, this may be a reflection of the time of testing. This study demonstrates compelling evidence that A. paniculata extract performs primarily as a spatial repellent. Further investigations exploring the use A. paniculata as a potential active ingredient in repellent products are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thitinun Karpkird
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Manop Saeung
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Theerachart Leepasert
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Amonrat Panthawong
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wannapa Suwonkerd
- Office of Disease Prevention and Control #1, Ministry of Public Health, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT Freeport Indonesia/International SOS, Kuala Kencana, Papua, Indonesia
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Boonyuan W, Sathantriphop S, Tainchum K, Muenworn V, Prabaripai A, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Insecticidal and Behavioral Avoidance Responses of Anopheles minimus and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae) to Three Synthetic Repellents. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:1312-1322. [PMID: 28419272 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjx081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Escape responses, knockdown (KD), and toxicity of laboratory strains of Anopheles minimus Theobald and Culex quinquefasciatus Say to three synthetic mosquito repellents, DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide), IR3535, or picaridin, at 5% v/v concentrations, were evaluated using repellent-treated papers in standard WHO tube assays and an excito-repellency (ER) test chamber system. The tube assays recorded knockdown effects of each repellent immediately after 30-min exposure and the final morality following a 24-h holding period. DEET showed 100% KD at 30 min and complete toxicity at 24 h against both species. Both actions were either minimal or absent for IR3535 and picaridin, respectively. Culex quinquefasciatus showed significantly greater escape with DEET compared with the other compounds in both contact irritancy (excitation) and noncontact spatial repellency trials. Anopheles minimus showed much more pronounced irritancy and repellency flight escape to IR3535 than picaridin. DEET was the most active irritant and repellent compound against Cx. quinquefasciatus. When adjusting contact test responses based on paired noncontact repellency assays, DEET and IR3535 showed much stronger spatial repellent properties than irritancy with An. minimus. Picaridin performed poorly as an irritant or repellent against both species. We conclude that DEET, followed by IR3535, act as strong spatial repellents at 5% concentration. DEET also performs as a strong toxicant. Our findings show that different mosquitoes can respond contrastingly to repellents, thus the importance to test a wider range of species and populations to assess the full range of chemical action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wasana Boonyuan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | | | - Krajana Tainchum
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Bangkok 90110, Thailand
| | - Vithee Muenworn
- Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Atchariya Prabaripai
- Division of Computer and Statistics, Faculty of Liberal Art and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaensean, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT Freeport Indonesia, International SOS, Jl. Kertajasa Kuala Kencana, Papua 99920, Indonesia
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Nararak J, Sathantriphop S, Kongmee M, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Excito-Repellency of Citrus hystrix DC Leaf and Peel Essential Oils Against Aedes aegypti and Anopheles minimus (Diptera: Culicidae), Vectors of Human Pathogens. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2017; 54:178-186. [PMID: 28082646 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjw143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The essential oils of kaffir lime (Citrus hystrix DC.) at four different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0% v/v) were studied for their repellency, excitation, and knockdown properties against laboratory strains of Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles minimus Theobald using an excito-repellency test system. Both contact and noncontact escape responses to leaf- and peel-derived kaffir lime oils were observed. Comparing unadjusted escape responses for An. minimus, leaf oil had strong combined irritant and repellent activity responses at 1-5% concentrations (90.0-96.4% escape) and the strongest spatial repellent activity at 1% and 2% (85.9% and 87.2% escape, respectively). The peel oil exhibited good excitation with repellency at concentrations of 2.5% (89.8% escape) and 5% (96.28% escape), while concentrations 1-5% showed more moderate repellent activity against An. minimus. For Ae. aegypti, 2.5% leaf oil produced the greatest response for both contact (56.1% escape) and noncontact (63.3% escape) trials, while 2.5% produced the strongest response among all concentrations of peel oil, with 46.5% escape. However, after adjusting the contact trial escape (a measure of combined excitation and repellency), the estimated escape due to contact alone was a much weaker response than spatial repellency for both species. Knockdown responses above 50% were only observed in Ae. aegypti exposed to 5% leaf oil. Kaffir lime oils were more active against An. minimus than Ae. aegypti mosquitoes. There were statistically significant differences between leaf (more active) and peel oils at each concentration against An. minimus in contact and noncontact trials, except at the highest (5%) concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirod Nararak
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (; ; )
| | - Sunaiyana Sathantriphop
- National Institute of Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand
| | - Monthathip Kongmee
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture at Kamphaeng Saen, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (; ; )
- Public Health & Malaria Control Department, PT Freeport Indonesia, International SOS, Jl. Kertajasa, Kuala Kencana, Papua 99920, Indonesia
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Tainchum K, Nararak J, Boonyuan W, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Behavioral responses of Anopheles species (Culicidae: Diptera) with varying surface exposure to pyrethroid-treated netting in an excito-repellency test system. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2016; 41:254-264. [PMID: 27860013 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Indoor Residual Spray (IRS) with insecticides has been a procedure used for decades to protect humans from biting mosquitoes and potential vectors of pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine the responses of three wild-caught species of malaria vectors exposed to pyrethroids of three different surface coverage percents using an excito-repellency test box. Each species was exposed to three insecticide-treated surfaces at varying exposure levels (full coverage, 50%, and 25% of the maximum allowable by the test system) to a single standard field dose of either lambda-cyhalothrin or alpha-cypermethrin. Larger numbers of mosquitoes escaped the treated chambers in the direct contact test compared to the spatial repellent chambers in all three different treated surface exposures. No significant differences in the percent of escaped mosquitoes were detected in the 50% and full coverage surface coverage exposures, whereas the 25% coverage produced significantly lower avoidance responses for both compounds. This study found that varying levels of surface exposure with synthetic pyrethroids can impact the behavioral avoidance responses of Anopheles; however, it may also be possible to reduce the amount of coverage to achieve similar avoidance actions. This information may assist policy makers in designing more cost effective strategies involving residual insecticides to control mosquito vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krajana Tainchum
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (CASAF, NRU-KU, Thailand)
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Jirod Nararak
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Wasana Boonyuan
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Michael J Bangs
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Public Health and Malaria Control Department, International SOS, Jl. Kertajasa, Kuala Kencana, Papua 99920, Indonesia
| | - Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand (CASAF, NRU-KU, Thailand)
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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Tisgratog R, Kongmee M, Sanguanpong U, Prabaripai A, Bangs MJ, Chareonviriyaphap T. Evaluation of a Noncontact, Alternative Mosquito Repellent Assay System. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2016; 32:177-184. [PMID: 27802399 DOI: 10.2987/16-6567.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel noncontact repellency assay system (NCRAS) was designed and evaluated as a possible alternative method for testing compounds that repel or inhibit mosquitoes from blood feeding. Deet and Aedes aegypti were used in a controlled laboratory setting. Using 2 study designs, a highly significant difference were seen between deet-treated and untreated skin placed behind the protective screens, indicating that deet was detected and was acting as a deterrence to mosquito landing and probing behavior. However, a 2nd study showed significant differences between protected (behind a metal screen barrier) and unprotected (exposed) deet-treated forearms, indicating the screen mesh might restrict the detection of deet and thus influences landing/biting response. These findings indicate the prototype NCRAS shows good promise but requires further evaluation and possible modification in design and testing protocol to achieve more desirable operational attributes in comparison with direct skin-contact repellency mosquito assays.
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Desgrouas C, Nararak J, Tisgratog R, Mahiou-Leddet V, Bory S, Ollivier E, Manguin S, Chareonviriyaphap T. Comparative Excito-Repellency of Three Cambodian Plant-Derived Extracts Against Two Mosquito Vector Species, Aedes aegypti and Anopheles minimus. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2016; 32:185-193. [PMID: 27802401 DOI: 10.2987/16-6566.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A study of the behavioral responses of Aedes aegypti and Anopheles minimus to 3 Cambodian plant extracts at 3 different concentrations (1%, 2.5%, and 5%) was performed using an excito-repellency test system. These 3 plants were Strophanthus scandens, Capparis micracantha, and Dioscorea hispida, selected according to traditional healer's knowledge, bibliographic studies and market surveys. Results showed that S. scandens leaves' hexane extract was the only one to exert repellency against Ae. aegypti with 23.3% of escaped mosquitoes at a concentration of 5%. Capparis micracantha was responsible for an irritant activity against An. minimus with 20.2% of escaped mosquitoes at a concentration of 2.5% and 22.8% escaping at a concentration of 5%. Dioscorea hispida showed an irritant activity on both mosquito species with 23.2% of escaped Ae. aegypti at a concentration of 5% and about 20% of escaped An. minimus at 2.5% and 5%. This is the first report on the irritant and repellent activities of S. scandens , D. hispida , and C. micracantha against mosquito species.
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