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Tsaousidou E, Chrzanowski J, Drané P, Lee GY, Bahour N, Wang ZB, Deng S, Cao Z, Huang K, He Y, Kaminski M, Michalek D, Güney E, Parmar K, Fendler W, Chowdhury D, Hotamışlıgil GS. Endogenous p53 inhibitor TIRR dissociates systemic metabolic health from oncogenic activity. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114337. [PMID: 38861384 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
It is unclear whether metabolic health corresponds to reduced oncogenesis or vice versa. We study Tudor-interacting repair regulator (TIRR), an inhibitor of p53 binding protein 1 (53BP1)-mediated p53 activation, and the physiological consequences of enhancing tumor suppressor activity. Deleting TIRR selectively activates p53, significantly protecting against cancer but leading to a systemic metabolic imbalance in mice. TIRR-deficient mice are overweight and insulin resistant, even under normal chow diet. Similarly, reduced TIRR expression in human adipose tissue correlates with higher BMI and insulin resistance. Despite the metabolic challenges, TIRR loss improves p53 heterozygous (p53HET) mouse survival and correlates with enhanced progression-free survival in patients with various p53HET carcinomas. Finally, TIRR's oncoprotective and metabolic effects are dependent on p53 and lost upon p53 deletion in TIRR-deficient mice, with glucose homeostasis and orexigenesis being primarily regulated by TIRR expression in the adipose tissue and the CNS, respectively, as evidenced by tissue-specific models. In summary, TIRR deletion provides a paradigm of metabolic deregulation accompanied by reduced oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Tsaousidou
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jędrzej Chrzanowski
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Pascal Drané
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Grace Y Lee
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nadine Bahour
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zeqiu Branden Wang
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shijun Deng
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zhe Cao
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kaimeng Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yizhou He
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mateusz Kaminski
- Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 90-153 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dominika Michalek
- Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Ekin Güney
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Kalindi Parmar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wojciech Fendler
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Translational Medicine, Medical University of Lodz, 92-215 Lodz, Poland
| | - Dipanjan Chowdhury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
| | - Gökhan S Hotamışlıgil
- Sabri Ülker Center for Metabolic Research, Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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2
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Temaj G, Chichiarelli S, Telkoparan-Akillilar P, Saha S, Nuhii N, Hadziselimovic R, Saso L. P53: A key player in diverse cellular processes including nuclear stress and ribosome biogenesis, highlighting potential therapeutic compounds. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116332. [PMID: 38830426 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor proteins are key transcription factors involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle, senescence, and metabolism. The tumor suppressor protein p53 responds to different type of stress signaling, such as hypoxia, DNA damage, nutrient deprivation, oncogene activation, by activating or repressing the expression of different genes that target processes mentioned earlier. p53 has the ability to modulate the activity of many other proteins and signaling pathway through protein-protein interaction, post-translational modifications, or non-coding RNAs. In many cancers the p53 is found to be mutated or inactivated, resulting in the loss of its tumor suppressor function and acquisition of new oncogenic properties. The tumor suppressor protein p53 also plays a role in the development of other metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver disease. In this review, we will summarize the current data and knowledge on the molecular mechanisms and the functions of p53 in different pathways and processes at the cellular level and discuss the its implications for human health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazmend Temaj
- Faculty of Pharmacy, College UBT, 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo.
| | - Silvia Chichiarelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi-Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | | | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences & Humanities, GLA University, Mathura 00185, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Nexhibe Nuhii
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Tetovo, 1200 Tetovo, Macedonia.
| | - Rifat Hadziselimovic
- Faculty of Science, University of Sarajevo, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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3
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Guo X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Shi F, HuangFu Y, Li J, Lao X. The influence of a modified p53 C-terminal peptide by using a tumor-targeting sequence on cellular apoptosis and tumor treatment. Apoptosis 2024; 29:865-881. [PMID: 38145442 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01926-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The restoration of the function of p53 in tumors is a therapeutic strategy for the highly frequent mutation of the TP53 tumor suppressor gene. P460 is a wild-type peptide derived from the p53 C-terminus and has been proven to be capable of restoring the tumor suppressor function of p53. The poor accumulation of drugs in tumors is a serious hindrance to tumor treatment. For enhancing the activity of P460, the tumor-targeting sequence Arg-Gly-Asp-Arg (RGDR, C-end rule peptide) was introduced into the C-terminus of P460 to generate the new peptide P462. P462 presented better activity than P460 in inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells and increasing the number of tumor cells undergoing apoptosis. Cell adhesion analysis and tumor imaging results revealed that P462 showed more specific and extensive binding with tumor cells and greater accumulation in tumors than the wild-type peptide. Importantly, treatment with P462 was more efficacious than that with P460 in vivo and was associated with considerably improved tumor-homing activity. This study highlights the importance of the roles of the tumor-homing sequence RGDR in the enhancement in cell attachment and tumor accumulation. The results of this work indicate that P462 could be a novel drug candidate for tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Guo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Fangxin Shi
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yifan HuangFu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Jing Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China.
| | - Xingzhen Lao
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, 210009, Nanjing, P.R. China.
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4
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Peuget S, Zhou X, Selivanova G. Translating p53-based therapies for cancer into the clinic. Nat Rev Cancer 2024; 24:192-215. [PMID: 38287107 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Inactivation of the most important tumour suppressor gene TP53 occurs in most, if not all, human cancers. Loss of functional wild-type p53 is achieved via two main mechanisms: mutation of the gene leading to an absence of tumour suppressor activity and, in some cases, gain-of-oncogenic function; or inhibition of the wild-type p53 protein mediated by overexpression of its negative regulators MDM2 and MDMX. Because of its high potency as a tumour suppressor and the dependence of at least some established tumours on its inactivation, p53 appears to be a highly attractive target for the development of new anticancer drugs. However, p53 is a transcription factor and therefore has long been considered undruggable. Nevertheless, several innovative strategies have been pursued for targeting dysfunctional p53 for cancer treatment. In mutant p53-expressing tumours, the predominant strategy is to restore tumour suppressor function with compounds acting either in a generic manner or otherwise selective for one or a few specific p53 mutations. In addition, approaches to deplete mutant p53 or to target vulnerabilities created by mutant p53 expression are currently under development. In wild-type p53 tumours, the major approach is to protect p53 from the actions of MDM2 and MDMX by targeting these negative regulators with inhibitors. Although the results of at least some clinical trials of MDM2 inhibitors and mutant p53-restoring compounds are promising, none of the agents has yet been approved by the FDA. Alternative strategies, based on a better understanding of p53 biology, the mechanisms of action of compounds and treatment regimens as well as the development of new technologies are gaining interest, such as proteolysis-targeting chimeras for MDM2 degradation. Other approaches are taking advantage of the progress made in immune-based therapies for cancer. In this Review, we present these ongoing clinical trials and emerging approaches to re-evaluate the current state of knowledge of p53-based therapies for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Peuget
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Xiaolei Zhou
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Galina Selivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumour and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Song B, Yang P, Zhang S. Cell fate regulation governed by p53: Friends or reversible foes in cancer therapy. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2024; 44:297-360. [PMID: 38311377 PMCID: PMC10958678 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Targeted therapies aimed at key oncogenic driver mutations in combination with chemotherapy and radiotherapy as well as immunotherapy have benefited cancer patients considerably. Tumor protein p53 (TP53), a crucial tumor suppressor gene encoding p53, regulates numerous downstream genes and cellular phenotypes in response to various stressors. The affected genes are involved in diverse processes, including cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, cellular senescence, metabolic homeostasis, apoptosis, and autophagy. However, accumulating recent studies have continued to reveal novel and unexpected functions of p53 in governing the fate of tumors, for example, functions in ferroptosis, immunity, the tumor microenvironment and microbiome metabolism. Among the possibilities, the evolutionary plasticity of p53 is the most controversial, partially due to the dizzying array of biological functions that have been attributed to different regulatory mechanisms of p53 signaling. Nearly 40 years after its discovery, this key tumor suppressor remains somewhat enigmatic. The intricate and diverse functions of p53 in regulating cell fate during cancer treatment are only the tip of the iceberg with respect to its equally complicated structural biology, which has been painstakingly revealed. Additionally, TP53 mutation is one of the most significant genetic alterations in cancer, contributing to rapid cancer cell growth and tumor progression. Here, we summarized recent advances that implicate altered p53 in modulating the response to various cancer therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. Furthermore, we also discussed potential strategies for targeting p53 as a therapeutic option for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Song
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
| | - Shuyu Zhang
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineWest China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical CollegeChina National Nuclear Corporation 416 HospitalChengduSichuanP. R. China
- Laboratory of Radiation MedicineNHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Technology Medical TransformationWest China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanP. R. China
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6
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Lama D, Vosselman T, Sahin C, Liaño-Pons J, Cerrato CP, Nilsson L, Teilum K, Lane DP, Landreh M, Arsenian Henriksson M. A druggable conformational switch in the c-MYC transactivation domain. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1865. [PMID: 38424045 PMCID: PMC10904854 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The c-MYC oncogene is activated in over 70% of all human cancers. The intrinsic disorder of the c-MYC transcription factor facilitates molecular interactions that regulate numerous biological pathways, but severely limits efforts to target its function for cancer therapy. Here, we use a reductionist strategy to characterize the dynamic and structural heterogeneity of the c-MYC protein. Using probe-based Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and machine learning, we identify a conformational switch in the c-MYC amino-terminal transactivation domain (termed coreMYC) that cycles between a closed, inactive, and an open, active conformation. Using the polyphenol epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) to modulate the conformational landscape of coreMYC, we show through biophysical and cellular assays that the induction of a closed conformation impedes its interactions with the transformation/transcription domain-associated protein (TRRAP) and the TATA-box binding protein (TBP) which are essential for the transcriptional and oncogenic activities of c-MYC. Together, these findings provide insights into structure-activity relationships of c-MYC, which open avenues towards the development of shape-shifting compounds to target c-MYC as well as other disordered transcription factors for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilraj Lama
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Thibault Vosselman
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cagla Sahin
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biology, Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Judit Liaño-Pons
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carmine P Cerrato
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lennart Nilsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, SE-14813, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Kaare Teilum
- Department of Biology, Structural Biology and NMR Laboratory and the Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, DK-2200, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David P Lane
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Landreh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Cell- and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Marie Arsenian Henriksson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, SE-17165, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Fortuna A, Amaral T. Multidisciplinary approach and treatment of acral and mucosal melanoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1340408. [PMID: 38469235 PMCID: PMC10926023 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1340408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Acral and mucosal melanoma are uncommon variants of melanoma. Acral melanoma has an age-adjusted incidence of approximately 1.8 cases per million individuals per year, accounting for about 2% to 3% of all melanoma cases. On the other hand, mucosal melanoma, with an incidence of 2.2 cases per million per year, makes up around 1.3% of all melanoma cases. These melanomas, in addition to being biologically and clinically distinct from cutaneous melanoma, share certain clinical and pathologic characteristics. These include a more aggressive nature and a less favorable prognosis. Furthermore, they exhibit a different mutational pattern, with KIT mutations being more prevalent in acral and mucosal melanomas. This divergence in mutational patterns may partially account for the relatively poorer prognosis, particularly to immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review explores various aspects of acral and mucosal melanoma, including their clinical presentation, pathologic features, mutational profiles, current therapeutic approaches, outcomes associated with systemic therapy, and potential strategies to address resistance to existing treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Fortuna
- Oncology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Teresa Amaral
- Center for Dermatooncology, Department of Dermatology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies (iFIT) (EXC 2180), Tübingen, Germany
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8
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Dugan MM, Perez MC, Karapetyan L, Zager JS. Management of acral lentiginous melanoma: current updates and future directions. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1323933. [PMID: 38390259 PMCID: PMC10882087 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1323933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Acral lentiginous melanoma is a rare subtype of melanoma generally associated with poor outcomes, even when diagnosed at an early stage. The tumor genetic profile remains poorly understood, but it is known to have a suppressed immune environment compared to that of non-acral cutaneous melanomas, which limits therapy options. There is significant attention on the development of novel therapeutic approaches, although studies are limited due to disease rarity. For local disease, wide local excision remains the standard of care. Due to frequent under-staging on preoperative biopsy, wider margins and routine sentinel lymph node biopsy may be considered if morbidity would not be increased. For advanced disease, anti-PD1 monotherapy or combination therapy with anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 agents have been used as first-line treatment modalities. Anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 combination therapies have been shown to be particularly beneficial for patients with BRAF-mutant acral lentiginous melanoma. Other systemic combination regimens and targeted therapy options may be considered, although large studies with consistent results are lacking. Regional and intralesional therapies have shown promise for cutaneous melanomas, but studies generally have not reported results for specific histologic subtypes, especially for acral melanoma. Overall, the unique histologic and genetic characteristics of acral lentiginous melanoma make therapy options significantly more challenging. Furthermore, studies are limited, and data reporting has been inconsistent. However, more prospective studies are emerging, and alternative therapy pathways specific to acral lentiginous melanoma are being investigated. As further evidence is discovered, reliable treatment guidelines may be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Dugan
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Matthew C Perez
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Lilit Karapetyan
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Jonathan S Zager
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, United States
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States
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Okus F, Yuzbasioglu D, Unal F. Molecular docking study of frequently used food additives for selected targets depending on the chromosomal abnormalities they cause. Toxicology 2024; 502:153716. [PMID: 38159899 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Food additives (FAs) (flavor enhancers, sweeteners, etc.) protect foods during storage and transportation, making them attractive to consumers. Today, while the desire to access natural foods is increasing, the chemicals added to foods have started to be questioned. In this respect, genotoxicity tests have gained importance. Studies show that some food additives may have genotoxic risks. Previous studies carried out in our laboratory also revealed genotoxic effects of Monopotassium glutamate (MPG), Monosodium glutamate (MSG), Magnesium diglutamate (MDG) as flavor enhancers; Potassium benzoate (PB), Potassium sorbate (PS), Sodium benzoate (SB), Sodium sorbate (SS) as preservatives; Acesulfame potassium (ACE-K), Xylitol (XYL) as sweeteners. In this study, we determined the interactions of these food additives with ATM and p53 proteins, which are activated in the cell due to genotoxic effects, and with DNA by employing the molecular docking method for the first time. Among the food additives, SB (-4.307) for ATM, XYL (-4.629) for p53, and XYL (-4.927) for DNA showed the highest affinity. Therefore, flexible docking (IFD) scores were determined for SB, XYL, and MDG from flavor enhancers. The potential binding modes of the food additives to target molecules' possible inhibition mechanisms were determined by molecular docking. Thus, new information was obtained to show how these additives cause chromosomal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Okus
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Deniz Yuzbasioglu
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Fatma Unal
- Genetic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Gazi University, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Türkiye
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10
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Togashi K, Suzuki S, Mitobe Y, Nakagawa-Saito Y, Sugai A, Takenouchi S, Sugimoto M, Kitanaka C, Okada M. CEP-1347 Dually Targets MDM4 and PKC to Activate p53 and Inhibit the Growth of Uveal Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:118. [PMID: 38201546 PMCID: PMC10778035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is among the most common primary intraocular neoplasms in adults, with limited therapeutic options for advanced/metastatic disease. Since UM is characterized by infrequent p53 mutation coupled with the overexpression of MDM4, a major negative regulator of p53, we aimed to investigate in this study the effects on UM cells of CEP-1347, a novel MDM4 inhibitor with a known safety profile in humans. We also examined the impact of CEP-1347 on the protein kinase C (PKC) pathway, known to play a pivotal role in UM cell growth. High-grade UM cell lines were used to analyze the effects of genetic and pharmacological inhibition of MDM4 and PKC, respectively, as well as those of CEP-1347 treatment, on p53 expression and cell viability. The results showed that, at its clinically relevant concentrations, CEP-1347 reduced not only MDM4 expression but also PKC activity, activated the p53 pathway, and effectively inhibited the growth of UM cells. Importantly, whereas inhibition of either MDM4 expression or PKC activity alone failed to efficiently activate p53 and inhibit cell growth, inhibition of both resulted in effective activation of p53 and inhibition of cell growth. These data suggest that there exists a hitherto unrecognized interaction between MDM4 and PKC to inactivate the p53-dependent growth control in UM cells. CEP-1347, which dually targets MDM4 and PKC, could therefore be a promising therapeutic candidate in the treatment of UM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Togashi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yuta Mitobe
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yurika Nakagawa-Saito
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Asuka Sugai
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Senri Takenouchi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masahiko Sugimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Research Institute for Promotion of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitanaka
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Research Institute for Promotion of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masashi Okada
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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11
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Fang D, Hu H, Zhao K, Xu A, Yu C, Zhu Y, Yu N, Yao B, Tang S, Wu X, Mei Y. MLF2 Negatively Regulates P53 and Promotes Colorectal Carcinogenesis. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303336. [PMID: 37438558 PMCID: PMC10502657 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Inactivation of the p53 pathway is linked to a variety of human cancers. As a critical component of the p53 pathway, ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) acts as a deubiquitinase for both p53 and its ubiquitin E3 ligase mouse double minute 2 homolog. Here, myeloid leukemia factor 2 (MLF2) is reported as a new negative regulator of p53. MLF2 interacts with both p53 and USP7. Via these interactions, MLF2 inhibits the binding of USP7 to p53 and antagonizes USP7-mediated deubiquitination of p53, thereby leading to p53 destabilization. Functionally, MLF2 plays an oncogenic role in colorectal cancer, at least partially, via the negative regulation of p53. Clinically, MLF2 is elevated in colorectal cancer and its high expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer. In wild-type-p53-containing colorectal cancer, MLF2 and p53 expressions are inversely correlated. These findings establish MLF2 as an important suppressor of p53 function. The study also reveals a critical role for the MLF2-p53 axis in promoting colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debao Fang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Hao Hu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Kailiang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Aman Xu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui230022China
| | - Changjun Yu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui230022China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of General SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefeiAnhui230022China
| | - Ning Yu
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Bo Yao
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Suyun Tang
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
| | - Xianning Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001China
| | - Yide Mei
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230001China
- The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic DiseaseDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
- Center for Advanced Interdisciplinary Science and Biomedicine of IHMDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui230027China
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12
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Mitobe Y, Suzuki S, Nakagawa-Saito Y, Togashi K, Sugai A, Sonoda Y, Kitanaka C, Okada M. Antagonizing MDM2 Overexpression Induced by MDM4 Inhibitor CEP-1347 Effectively Reactivates Wild-Type p53 in Malignant Brain Tumor Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4326. [PMID: 37686602 PMCID: PMC10486490 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15174326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of MDM4 inhibitors as an approach to reactivating p53 in human cancer is attracting increasing attention; however, whether they affect the function of MDM2 and how they interact with MDM2 inhibitors remain unknown. We addressed this question in the present study using CEP-1347, an inhibitor of MDM4 protein expression. The effects of CEP-1347, the genetic and/or pharmacological inhibition of MDM2, and their combination on the p53 pathway in malignant brain tumor cell lines expressing wild-type p53 were investigated by RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. The growth inhibitory effects of CEP-1347 alone or in combination with MDM2 on inhibition were examined by dye exclusion and/or colony formation assays. The treatment of malignant brain tumor cell lines with CEP-1347 markedly increased MDM2 protein expression, while blocking CEP-1347-induced MDM2 overexpression by genetic knockdown augmented the effects of CEP-1347 on the p53 pathway and cell growth. Blocking the MDM2-p53 interaction using the small molecule MDM2 inhibitor RG7112, but not MDM2 knockdown, reduced MDM4 expression. Consequently, RG7112 effectively cooperated with CEP-1347 to reduce MDM4 expression, activate the p53 pathway, and inhibit cell growth. The present results suggest the combination of CEP-1347-induced MDM2 overexpression with the selective inhibition of MDM2's interaction with p53, while preserving its ability to inhibit MDM4 expression, as a novel and rational strategy to effectively reactivate p53 in wild-type p53 cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Mitobe
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Shuhei Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Clinical Oncology, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yurika Nakagawa-Saito
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Keita Togashi
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Asuka Sugai
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Sonoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Chifumi Kitanaka
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
- Research Institute for Promotion of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masashi Okada
- Department of Molecular Cancer Science, School of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
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13
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Calheiros J, Corbo V, Saraiva L. Overcoming therapeutic resistance in pancreatic cancer: Emerging opportunities by targeting BRCAs and p53. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188914. [PMID: 37201730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by (epi)genetic and microenvironmental alterations that negatively impact the treatment outcomes. New targeted therapies have been pursued to counteract the therapeutic resistance in PC. Aiming to seek for new therapeutic options for PC, several attempts have been undertaken to exploit BRCA1/2 and TP53 deficiencies as promising actionable targets. The elucidation of the pathogenesis of PC highlighted the high prevalence of p53 mutations and their connection with the aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance of PC. Additionally, PC is associated with dysfunctions in several DNA repair-related genes, including BRCA1/2, which sensitize tumours to DNA-damaging agents. In this context, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) were approved for mutant BRCA1/2 PC patients. However, acquired drug resistance has become a major drawback of PARPi. This review emphasizes the importance of targeting defective BRCAs and p53 pathways for advancing personalized PC therapy, with particular focus on how this approach may provide an opportunity to tackle PC resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Calheiros
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Vincenzo Corbo
- Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine (DIMI), University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy; ARC-Net Research Centre, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Lucília Saraiva
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratόrio de Microbiologia, Departamento de Ciências Biolόgicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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14
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Zhou MY, Bui NQ, Charville GW, Ganjoo KN, Pan M. Treatment of De-Differentiated Liposarcoma in the Era of Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119571. [PMID: 37298520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Well-differentiated/de-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS/DDLPS) is one of the most common histologic subtypes of soft tissue sarcoma (STS); however, treatment options remain limited. WDLPS and DDLPS both exhibit the characteristic amplification of chromosome region 12q13-15, which contains the genes CDK4 and MDM2. DDLPS exhibits higher amplification ratios of these two and carries additional genomic lesions, including the amplification of chromosome region 1p32 and chromosome region 6q23, which may explain the more aggressive biology of DDLPS. WDLPS does not respond to systemic chemotherapy and is primarily managed with local therapy, including multiple resections and debulking procedures whenever clinically feasible. In contrast, DDLPS can respond to chemotherapy drugs and drug combinations, including doxorubicin (or doxorubicin in combination with ifosfamide), gemcitabine (or gemcitabine in combination with docetaxel), trabectedin, eribulin, and pazopanib. However, the response rate is generally low, and the response duration is usually short. This review highlights the clinical trials with developmental therapeutics that have been completed or are ongoing, including CDK4/6 inhibitors, MDM2 inhibitors, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. This review will also discuss the current landscape in assessing biomarkers for identifying tumors sensitive to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Y Zhou
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Nam Q Bui
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Gregory W Charville
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Kristen N Ganjoo
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
| | - Minggui Pan
- Sarcoma Program, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304, USA
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15
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Szwarc MM, Guarnieri AL, Joshi M, Duc HN, Laird MC, Pandey A, Khanal S, Dohm E, Bui AK, Sullivan KD, Galbraith MD, Andrysik Z, Espinosa JM. FAM193A is a positive regulator of p53 activity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112230. [PMID: 36897777 PMCID: PMC10164416 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor, either by mutations or through hyperactivation of repressors such as MDM2 and MDM4, is a hallmark of cancer. Although many inhibitors of the p53-MDM2/4 interaction have been developed, such as Nutlin, their therapeutic value is limited by highly heterogeneous cellular responses. We report here a multi-omics investigation of the cellular response to MDM2/4 inhibitors, leading to identification of FAM193A as a widespread regulator of p53 function. CRISPR screening identified FAM193A as necessary for the response to Nutlin. FAM193A expression correlates with Nutlin sensitivity across hundreds of cell lines. Furthermore, genetic codependency data highlight FAM193A as a component of the p53 pathway across diverse tumor types. Mechanistically, FAM193A interacts with MDM4, and FAM193A depletion stabilizes MDM4 and inhibits the p53 transcriptional program. Last, FAM193A expression is associated with better prognosis in multiple malignancies. Altogether, these results identify FAM193A as a positive regulator of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria M Szwarc
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Anna L Guarnieri
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Molishree Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Huy N Duc
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Madison C Laird
- Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Ahwan Pandey
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Santosh Khanal
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Emily Dohm
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Aimee K Bui
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Kelly D Sullivan
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Matthew D Galbraith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Zdenek Andrysik
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Functional Genomics Facility, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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16
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Alshahrani S, Al-Majid AM, Ali M, Alamary AS, Abu-Serie MM, Dömling A, Shafiq M, Ul-Haq Z, Barakat A. Rational Design, Synthesis, Separation, and Characterization of New Spiroxindoles Combined with Benzimidazole Scaffold as an MDM2 Inhibitor. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rational design for a new spiroxindoles, combined with a benzimidazole scaffold to identify a new murine double minute two (MDM2) inhibitor was synthesized and characterized. The desired spiroxindoles were achieved via a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction approach which afforded the cycloadducts with four asymmetric centers separated in an excellent regioselective and diastereoselective compound. The separated spiroxindoles were subjected to a set of biochemical assays including an NCI cell panel assay, MTT assay, and MDM2 binding analysis by a microscale thermophoresis assay. The anticancer reactivity for the tested compounds showed IC50 (µM) in the range between 3.797–6.879 µM, and compound 7d with IC50 = 3.797 ± 0.205 µM was the most active candidate between the series. The results showed promising results that identified that compound 7a could be inhibited the MDM2 with KD = 2.38 μm. Compound 7a developed a network of interactions with the MDM2 receptor studied in silico by molecular docking.
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17
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Wang J, Zhao J, Ma F, Gong L, Lu Y, Xiao W, Tang H, Gao C, Chen Y, Ma J, Gao Z, Yan J, Han S. One Stone, Two Birds: A Peptide-Au(I) Infinite Coordination Supermolecule for the Confederate Physical and Biological Radiosensitization in Cancer Radiation Therapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2204238. [PMID: 36494177 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202204238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Over half of cancer patients are subjected to radiotherapy, but owing to the deficient amount of reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) and DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), a fair number of them suffer from radiotherapy resistance and the subsequent short-term survival opportunity. To overcome it, many successes have been achieved in radiosensitizer discovery using physical strategy and/or biological strategy, but significant challenges remain regarding developing clinically translational radiosensitizers. Herein, a peptide-Au(I) infinite coordination supermolecule termed PAICS is developed that combined both physical and biological radiosensitization and possessed pharmaceutical characteristics including adequate circulatory stability, controllable drug release, tumor-prioritized accumulation, and the favorable body eliminability. As expected, monovalent gold ion endowed this supermolecule with high X-ray absorption and the subsequent radiosensitization. Furthermore, a peptide targeting CRM1, is assembled into the supermolecule, which successfully activates p53 and apoptosis pathway, thereby further sensitizing radiotherapy. As a result, PAICS showed superior ability for radiotherapy sensitization in vivo and maintained a favorable safety profile. Thus, the PAICS reported here will offer a feasible solution to simultaneously overcome both the pharmaceutical obstacles of physical and biological radiosensitizers and will enable the development of a class of nanomedicines for tumor radiotherapy sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, P. R. China
| | - Fang Ma
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Liuyun Gong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Yinliang Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Weiping Xiao
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Hanmin Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Yuetong Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Jin Yan
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biodiagnosis and Biotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, P. R. China
| | - Suxia Han
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, P. R. China
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18
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Li WF, Alfason L, Huang C, Tang Y, Qiu L, Miyagishi M, Wu SR, Kasim V. p52-ZER6: a determinant of tumor cell sensitivity to MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:647-660. [PMID: 35995868 PMCID: PMC9958181 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00973-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting MDM2-p53 interaction has emerged as a promising antitumor therapeutic strategy. Several MDM2-p53 inhibitors have advanced into clinical trials, but results are not favorable. The lack of appropriate biomarkers for selecting patients has been assumed as the critical reason for this failure. We previously identified ZER6 isoform p52-ZER6 as an oncogene upregulated in tumor tissues. In this study we investigated whether p52-ZER6 acted as a blocker of MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors, and whether p52-ZER6 could be used as a biomarker of MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors. In p53 wild-type colorectal carcinoma HCT116, hepatocarcinoma HepG2 and breast cancer MCF-7 cells, overexpression of p52-ZER6 enhanced MDM2-p53 binding and promoted p53 ubiquitination/proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, overexpression of p52-ZER6 in the tumor cells dose-dependently reduced their sensitivity to both nutlin and non-nutlin class MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors. We showed that p52-ZER6 restored tumor cell viability, which was suppressed by nutlin-3, through restoring their proliferation potential while suppressing their apoptotic rate, suggesting that MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors might not be effective for patients with high p52-ZER6 levels. We found that nutlin-3 treatment or p52-ZER6 knockdown alone promoted the accumulation of p53 protein in the tumor cells, and their combinatorial treatment significantly increased the accumulation of p53 protein. In HCT116 cell xenograft nude mouse model, administration of shp52-ZER6 combined with an MDM2-p53 binding inhibitor nutlin-3 exerted synergistic antitumor response. In conclusion, this study reveals that p52-ZER6 might be a potential biomarker for determining patients appropriate for MDM2-p53 binding inhibition-based antitumor therapy, and demonstrates the potential of combinatorial therapy using MDM2-p53 binding inhibitors and p52-ZER6 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Leader Alfason
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Can Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Makoto Miyagishi
- Molecular Composite Medicine Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Shou-Rong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Vivi Kasim
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- The 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Research for Cancer Metastasis and Individualized Treatment, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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19
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Murage NW, Ahmed NM, Underwood TJ, Walters ZS, Breininger SP. The genetic profile and molecular subtypes of human pseudomyxoma peritonei and appendiceal mucinous neoplasms: a systematic review. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:335-359. [PMID: 36723696 PMCID: PMC10014681 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-023-10088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a rare, progressive, slowly growing neoplastic condition which is poorly understood, with a 5-year progression-free survival rate as low as 48%. PMP is most commonly caused by appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (AMN), and understanding their genetic biology and pathogenicity may allow for the development of better novel systemic treatments to target key deleterious mutations and the implicated pathways. The primary aim of this systematic review was to identify the genetic profile of histologically confirmed human PMP or AMN samples. The secondary aim was to identify whether genetic marks could be used to predict patient survival. Ovid EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to identify studies investigating the genetic profile of histologically-confirmed human PMP or AMN samples. We review findings of 46 studies totalling 2181 tumour samples. The most frequently identified somatic gene mutations in patients with PMP included KRAS (38-100%), GNAS (17-100%), and TP53 (5-23%); however, there were conflicting results of their effect on survival. Three studies identified molecular subtypes based on gene expression profiles classifying patients into oncogene-enriched, immune-enriched, and mixed molecular subtypes with prognostic value. This review summarises the current literature surrounding genetic aberrations in PMP and AMNs and their potential utility for targeted therapy. Given the recent advances in clinical trials to directly target KRAS and GNAS mutations in other cancers, we propose a rationale to explore these mutations in future pre-clinical studies in PMP with a view for a future clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Wangari Murage
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nada Mabrouk Ahmed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.,Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Zoë S Walters
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Stella Panagio Breininger
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK.
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20
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Totiger TM, Ghoshal A, Zabroski J, Sondhi A, Bucha S, Jahn J, Feng Y, Taylor J. Targeted Therapy Development in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Biomedicines 2023; 11:641. [PMID: 36831175 PMCID: PMC9953553 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic developments targeting acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have been in the pipeline for five decades and have recently resulted in the approval of multiple targeted therapies. However, there remains an unmet need for molecular treatments that can deliver long-term remissions and cure for this heterogeneous disease. Previously, a wide range of small molecule drugs were developed to target sub-types of AML, mainly in the relapsed and refractory setting; however, drug resistance has derailed the long-term efficacy of these as monotherapies. Recently, the small molecule venetoclax was introduced in combination with azacitidine, which has improved the response rates and the overall survival in older adults with AML compared to those of chemotherapy. However, this regimen is still limited by cytotoxicity and is not curative. Therefore, there is high demand for therapies that target specific abnormalities in AML while sparing normal cells and eliminating leukemia-initiating cells. Despite this, the urgent need to develop these therapies has been hampered by the complexities of this heterogeneous disease, spurring the development of innovative therapies that target different mechanisms of leukemogenesis. This review comprehensively addresses the development of novel targeted therapies and the translational perspective for acute myeloid leukemia, including the development of selective and non-selective drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulasigeri M. Totiger
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Anirban Ghoshal
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jenna Zabroski
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Anya Sondhi
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Saanvi Bucha
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jacob Jahn
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Yangbo Feng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Justin Taylor
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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21
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Sekiguchi N, Kasahara S, Miyamoto T, Kiguchi T, Ohno H, Takagi T, Tachibana M, Sumi H, Kakurai Y, Yamashita T, Usuki K. Phase I dose-escalation study of milademetan in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Int J Hematol 2023; 117:68-77. [PMID: 36258088 PMCID: PMC9813109 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-term survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains low, and current treatment modalities are inadequate. Milademetan (DS-3032, RAIN-32), a small-molecule specific murine double minute 2 inhibitor, has shown a p53 status-dependent antitumor effect in vitro studies. This is the first phase I study report of milademetan monotherapy in relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML patients evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and preliminary tumor response for further clinical development. Fourteen patients received 90 (starting dose, n = 4), 120 (n = 6), or 160 mg (n = 4) of oral milademetan once daily in a 14/28 treatment cycle. The median total treatment duration was 1.5 cycles. Dose-limiting toxicity did not occur, and the maximum tolerated dose was not reached. Thus, the recommended dose was defined as 160 mg. The most common adverse events (AEs) were decreased appetite (64.3%), febrile neutropenia (50%), nausea (42.9%), and anemia (35.7%). No deaths or AEs leading to treatment discontinuation occurred. Five serious treatment-emergent AEs occurred in 4 patients. Plasma concentration increased linearly with milademetan dose. However, trends in the safety and efficacy of oral milademetan in patients with R/R AML warrant further clinical investigation. This study can inform future milademetan studies in hematologic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Sekiguchi
- National Hospital Organization Disaster Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Toru Kiguchi
- Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan ,Chugoku Central Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kensuke Usuki
- Department of Hematology, NTT Medical Center Tokyo, 5‑9‑22 Higashi‑Gotanda, Shinagawa‑ku, Tokyo, 141‑8625 Japan
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22
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Aguilar A, Wang S. Therapeutic Strategies to Activate p53. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 16:24. [PMID: 36678521 PMCID: PMC9866379 DOI: 10.3390/ph16010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 protein has appropriately been named the "guardian of the genome". In almost all human cancers, the powerful tumor suppressor function of p53 is compromised by a variety of mechanisms, including mutations with either loss of function or gain of function and inhibition by its negative regulators MDM2 and/or MDMX. We review herein the progress made on different therapeutic strategies for targeting p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Aguilar
- The Rogel Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine, Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shaomeng Wang
- The Rogel Cancer Center, Departments of Internal Medicine, Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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23
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MDMX elevation by a novel Mdmx-p53 interaction inhibitor mitigates neuronal damage after ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21110. [PMID: 36473920 PMCID: PMC9726886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mdmx and Mdm2 are two major suppressor factors for the tumor suppressor gene p53. In central nervous system, Mdmx suppresses the transcriptional activity of p53 and enhances the binding of Mdm2 to p53 for degradation. But Mdmx dynamics in cerebral infarction remained obscure. Here we investigated the role of Mdmx under ischemic conditions and evaluated the effects of our developed small-molecule Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) inhibitors, K-181, on Mdmx-p53 interactions in vivo and in vitro. We found ischemic stroke decreased Mdmx expression with increased phosphorylation of Mdmx Serine 367, while Mdmx overexpression by AAV-Mdmx showed a neuroprotective effect on neurons. The PPI inhibitor, K-181 attenuated the neurological deficits by increasing Mdmx expression in post-stroke mice brain. Additionally, K-181 selectively inhibited HDAC6 activity and enhanced tubulin acetylation. Our findings clarified the dynamics of Mdmx in cerebral ischemia and provide a clue for the future pharmaceutic development of ischemic stroke.
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24
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Andrysik Z, Sullivan KD, Kieft JS, Espinosa JM. PPM1D suppresses p53-dependent transactivation and cell death by inhibiting the Integrated Stress Response. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7400. [PMID: 36456590 PMCID: PMC9715646 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-35089-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The p53 transcription factor is a master regulator of cellular stress responses inhibited by repressors such as MDM2 and the phosphatase PPM1D. Activation of p53 with pharmacological inhibitors of its repressors is being tested in clinical trials for cancer therapy, but efficacy has been limited by poor induction of tumor cell death. We demonstrate that dual inhibition of MDM2 and PPM1D induces apoptosis in multiple cancer cell types via amplification of the p53 transcriptional program through the eIF2α-ATF4 pathway. PPM1D inhibition induces phosphorylation of eIF2α, ATF4 accumulation, and ATF4-dependent enhancement of p53-dependent transactivation upon MDM2 inhibition. Dual inhibition of p53 repressors depletes heme and induces HRI-dependent eIF2α phosphorylation. Pharmacological induction of eIF2α phosphorylation synergizes with MDM2 inhibition to induce cell death and halt tumor growth in mice. These results demonstrate that PPM1D inhibits both the p53 network and the integrated stress response controlled by eIF2α-ATF4, with clear therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenek Andrysik
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Kelly D Sullivan
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Developmental Biology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Kieft
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Joaquin M Espinosa
- Linda Crnic Institute for Down Syndrome, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
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25
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Jiang F, Li CG, Seto SW. Editorial: Drugging p53 for non-cancer diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1101742. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1101742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
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26
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Graziosi A, Sita G, Corrieri C, Angelini S, d’Emmanuele di Villa Bianca R, Mitidieri E, Sorrentino R, Hrelia P, Morroni F. Effects of Subtoxic Concentrations of Atrazine, Cypermethrin, and Vinclozolin on microRNA-Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling in SH-SY5Y Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314538. [PMID: 36498866 PMCID: PMC9737829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are different natural and synthetic chemicals that may interfere with several mechanisms of the endocrine system producing adverse developmental, metabolic, reproductive, and neurological effects in both human beings and wildlife. Among pesticides, numerous chemicals have been identified as EDCs. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate gene expression, making fine adjustments in mRNA abundance and regulating proteostasis. We hypothesized that exposure to low doses of atrazine, cypermethrin, and vinclozolin may lead to effects on miRNA expression in SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, the exposure of SH-SY5Y cells to subtoxic concentrations of vinclozolin is able to downregulate miR-29b-3p expression leading to the increase in the related gene expression of ADAM12 and CDK6, which may promote a pro-oncogenic response through the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and counteracting p53 activity. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of EDCs could provide important insight into their role in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Graziosi
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Sita
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Camilla Corrieri
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Angelini
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Emma Mitidieri
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Naples—Federico II, via Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaella Sorrentino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Study of Naples—Federico II, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Patrizia Hrelia
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-209-1798
| | - Fabiana Morroni
- Department of Pharmacy and BioTechnology—FaBiT, Alma Mater Studiorum—University of Bologna, via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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27
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Zhu Z, McGray AJR, Jiang W, Lu B, Kalinski P, Guo ZS. Improving cancer immunotherapy by rationally combining oncolytic virus with modulators targeting key signaling pathways. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:196. [PMID: 36221123 PMCID: PMC9554963 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01664-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a new class of multi-modal immunotherapies for cancer, with OV-elicited antitumor immunity being key to their overall therapeutic efficacy. Currently, the clinical effectiveness of OV as monotherapy remains limited, and thus investigators have been exploring various combinations with other anti-cancer agents and demonstrated improved therapeutic efficacy. As cancer cells have evolved to alter key signaling pathways for enhanced cell proliferation, cancer progression and metastasis, these cellular and molecular changes offer promising targets for rational cancer therapy design. In this regard, key molecules in relevant signaling pathways for cancer cells or/and immune cells, such as EGFR-KRAS (e.g., KRASG12C), PI3K-AKT-mTOR, ERK-MEK, JAK-STAT, p53, PD-1-PD-L1, and epigenetic, or immune pathways (e.g., histone deacetylases, cGAS-STING) are currently under investigation and have the potential to synergize with OV to modulate the immune milieu of the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby improving and sustaining antitumor immunity. As many small molecule modulators of these signaling pathways have been developed and have shown strong therapeutic potential, here we review key findings related to both OV-mediated immunotherapy and the utility of small molecule modulators of signaling pathways in immuno-oncology. Then, we focus on discussion of the rationales and potential strategies for combining OV with selected modulators targeting key cellular signaling pathways in cancer or/and immune cells to modulate the TME and enhance antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy. Finally, we provide perspectives and viewpoints on the application of novel experimental systems and technologies that can propel this exciting branch of medicine into a bright future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Zhu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - A J Robert McGray
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Weijian Jiang
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Binfeng Lu
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Pawel Kalinski
- Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Zong Sheng Guo
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. .,Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
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28
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Heijkants RC, Teunisse AFAS, de Jong D, Glinkina K, Mei H, Kielbasa SM, Szuhai K, Jochemsen AG. MDMX Regulates Transcriptional Activity of p53 and FOXO Proteins to Stimulate Proliferation of Melanoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184482. [PMID: 36139642 PMCID: PMC9496676 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary We have investigated the transcriptional changes occurring in uveal and cutaneous melanoma cell lines upon depletion of MDMX (aka:MDM4). Computational analyses of the mRNAs/genes affected upon MDMX depletion determined that many were containing a p53-bindingsite, but even more contained a FOX recognition site(s). Since connections between MDM2 and FOXO1 had already been published, we investigated whether indeed a subset of the MDMX-regulated genes are dependent on FOXO1/FOXO3 expression. Indeed, a number of such target genes, i.e., PIK3IP1, MXD4 and ZMAT3, were found to be FOXO target genes in our cell models. Some of these genes were recently identified as indirect p53-target genes, and their expression was found to be regulated by RFX7 transcription factor, which was found activated upon pharmacological activation of p53, e.g., by Nutlin-3. However, a clear involvement of RFX7 in our model could not be established, but an interplay between FOXO and RFX7 factors seems evident. Abstract The tumor suppressor protein p53 has an important role in cell-fate determination. In cancer cells, the activity of p53 is frequently repressed by high levels of MDMX and/or MDM2. MDM2 is a ubiquitin ligase whose activity results in ubiquitin- and proteasome-dependent p53 degradation, while MDMX inhibits p53-activated transcription by shielding the p53 transactivation domain. Interestingly, the oncogenic functions of MDMX appear to be more wide-spread than inhibition of p53. The present study aimed to elucidate the MDMX-controlled transcriptome. Therefore, we depleted MDMX with four distinct shRNAs from a high MDMX expressing uveal melanoma cell line and determined the effect on the transcriptome by RNAseq. Biological function analyses indicate the inhibition of the cell cycle regulatory genes and stimulation of cell death activating genes upon MDMX depletion. Although the inhibition of p53 activity clearly contributes to the transcription regulation controlled by MDMX, it appeared that the transcriptional regulation of multiple genes did not only rely on p53 expression. Analysis of gene regulatory networks indicated a role for Forkhead box (FOX) transcription factors. Depletion of FOXO proteins partly prevented the transcriptional changes upon MDMX depletion. Furthermore, depletion of FOXO proteins relatively diminished the growth inhibition upon MDMX knockdown, although the knockdown of the FOXO transcription factors also reduces cell growth. In conclusion, the p53-independent oncogenic functions of MDMX could be partially explained by its regulation of FOXO activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renier C. Heijkants
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Amina F. A. S. Teunisse
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle de Jong
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kseniya Glinkina
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hailiang Mei
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Szymon M. Kielbasa
- Sequencing Analysis Support Core, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Statistics and Bioinformatics, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karoly Szuhai
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Aart G. Jochemsen
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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29
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Barakat A, Alshahrani S, Mohammed Al-Majid A, Saleh Alamary A, Haukka M, Abu-Serie MM, Dömling A, Mazyed EA, Badria FA, El-Senduny FF. Novel spirooxindole based benzimidazole scaffold: In vitro, nanoformulation and in vivo studies on anticancer and antimetastatic activity of breast adenocarcinoma. Bioorg Chem 2022; 129:106124. [PMID: 36174446 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present work provided in vitro anticancer investigation of novel spirooxindole based benzimidazole scaffold SP1 and its nanoformulation with in vivo evaluation of anticancer and antimetastatic activity as potential drug for breast adenocarcinoma. The synthesized compound SP1 exhibited potent growth inhibitory efficacy against four types of human cancer (breast, prostate, colon and lung) cell lines with IC50 = 2.4, 3.4, 7.24 and 7.81 µM and selectivity index 5.79, 4.08, 1.93 and 1.78 respectively. Flow cytometric analysis illustrated that SP1 exhibited high apoptotic effect on all tested cancer cell lines (38.22-52.3 %). The mode of action of this promising compound was declared by its ability to upregulate the gene expression of p21 (2.29-3.91 folds) with suppressing cyclin D (1.9-8.93 folds) and NF-κB (1.26-1.44 fold) in the treated cancer cells. Also, it enhanced the protein expression of apoptotic marker p53 and moderate binding affinity for MDM2 (KD;7.94 μM). Notwithstanding these promising impressive findings, its selectivity against cancer cell lines and safety on normal cells were improved by nanoformulation. Therefore, SP1 was formulated as ultra-flexible niosomal nanovesicles (transethoniosomes). The ultra-deformability is attributable to the synergism between ethanol and edge activators in improving the flexibility of the nanovesicular membrane. F8 exhibited high deformability index (DI) of (23.48 ± 1.4). It was found that % SP1 released from the optimized transethoniosomal formula (F8) after 12 h (Q12h) was 84.17 ± 1.29 % and its entrapment efficiency (%EE) was 76.48 ± 1.44 %. Based upon the very encouraging and promising in vitro results, an in vivo study was carried out in female Balb/c mice weighing (15-25 g). SP1 did halt the proliferation of breast cancer cells as well as suppressed the metastasis in other organs like liver, lung and heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Saleh Alamary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Matti Haukka
- Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Marwa M Abu-Serie
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Egypt
| | - Alexander Dömling
- Department of Drug Design, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Eman A Mazyed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kaferelsheikh University, Kaferelsheikh P.O. Box 33516, Egypt
| | - Farid A Badria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Fardous F El-Senduny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansura University, Mansura 35516, Egypt
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30
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Ingelshed K, Spiegelberg D, Kannan P, Påvénius L, Hacheney J, Jiang L, Eisinger S, Lianoudaki D, Lama D, Castillo F, Bosdotter C, Kretzschmar WW, Al-Radi O, Fritz N, Villablanca EJ, Karlsson MCI, Wermeling F, Nestor M, Lane DP, Sedimbi SK. The MDM2 Inhibitor Navtemadlin Arrests Mouse Melanoma Growth In Vivo and Potentiates Radiotherapy. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:1075-1088. [PMID: 36922937 PMCID: PMC10010373 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor protein p53 is mutated in close to 50% of human tumors and is dysregulated in many others, for instance by silencing or loss of p14ARF. Under steady-state conditions, the two E3 ligases MDM2/MDM4 interact with and inhibit the transcriptional activity of p53. Inhibition of p53-MDM2/4 interaction to reactivate p53 in tumors with wild-type (WT) p53 has therefore been considered a therapeutic strategy. Moreover, studies indicate that p53 reactivation may synergize with radiation and increase tumor immunogenicity. In vivo studies of most MDM2 inhibitors have utilized immunodeficient xenograft mouse models, preventing detailed studies of action of these molecules on the immune response. The mouse melanoma cell line B16-F10 carries functional, WT p53 but does not express the MDM2 regulator p19ARF. In this study, we tested a p53-MDM2 protein-protein interaction inhibitor, the small molecule Navtemadlin, which is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics and imaging flow cytometry, we identified specific protein expression patterns following Navtemadlin treatment of B16-F10 melanoma cells compared with their p53 CRISPR-inactivated control cells. In vitro, Navtemadlin induced a significant, p53-dependent, growth arrest but little apoptosis in B16-F10 cells. When combined with radiotherapy, Navtemadlin showed synergistic effects and increased apoptosis. In vivo, Navtemadlin treatment significantly reduced the growth of B16-F10 melanoma cells implanted in C57Bl/6 mice. Our data highlight the utility of a syngeneic B16-F10 p53+/+ mouse melanoma model for assessing existing and novel p53-MDM2/MDM4 inhibitors and in identifying new combination therapies that can efficiently eliminate tumors in vivo. Significance The MDM2 inhibitor Navtemadlin arrests mouse tumor growth and potentiates radiotherapy. Our results support a threshold model for apoptosis induction that requires a high, prolonged p53 signaling for cancer cells to become apoptotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Ingelshed
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Diana Spiegelberg
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pavitra Kannan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linnéa Påvénius
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica Hacheney
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Long Jiang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Silke Eisinger
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danai Lianoudaki
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dilraj Lama
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Francisca Castillo
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Bosdotter
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Omayma Al-Radi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicolas Fritz
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eduardo J. Villablanca
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael C. I. Karlsson
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Wermeling
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marika Nestor
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - David P. Lane
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding Authors: Saikiran K. Sedimbi and David P. Lane, Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 16, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden. Phone: +46 852 448 6452; E-mail: ; Phone: +46 852 448 6452; E-mail:
| | - Saikiran K. Sedimbi
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Corresponding Authors: Saikiran K. Sedimbi and David P. Lane, Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, Nobels Väg 16, Stockholm, SE-17177, Sweden. Phone: +46 852 448 6452; E-mail: ; Phone: +46 852 448 6452; E-mail:
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Jung S, Johnson DB. Management of Acral and Mucosal Melanoma: Medical Oncology Perspective. Oncologist 2022; 27:703-710. [PMID: 35640549 PMCID: PMC9355814 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acral and mucosal melanomas (MM) are rare subtypes of melanoma that are biologically and clinically distinct from cutaneous melanoma. Despite the progress in the treatment of cutaneous melanomas with the development of targeted and immune therapies, the therapeutic options for these less common subtypes remain limited. Difficulties in early diagnosis, the aggressive nature of the disease, and the frequently occult sites of origin have also contributed to the poor prognosis associated with acral and MM, with substantially worse long-term prognosis. The rarity of these subtypes has posed significant barriers to better understanding their biological features and investigating novel therapies. Consequently, establishing standardized treatment guidelines has been a challenge. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the current knowledge regarding acral and MM, focusing on their epidemiology, genetic backgrounds, and unique clinical characteristics. Further discussion centers around the management of primary and advanced disease and the role of emerging targeted and immune therapies for these subtypes, specifically focusing on issues relevant to medical oncologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungyeon Jung
- Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Douglas B Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville TN, USA
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Chatterjee C, Singh SK. Peptide and protein chemistry approaches to study the tumor suppressor protein p53. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:5500-5509. [PMID: 35786742 PMCID: PMC10112546 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00902a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tumor suppressor and master gene regulator protein p53 has been the subject of intense investigation for several decades due to its mutation in about half of all human cancers. However, mechanistic studies of p53 in cells are complicated by its many dynamic binding partners and heterogeneous post-translational modifications. The design of therapeutics that rescue p53 functions in cells requires a mechanistic understanding of its protein-protein interactions in specific protein complexes and identifying changes in p53 activity by diverse post-translational modifications. This review highlights the important roles that peptide and protein chemistry have played in biophysical and biochemical studies aimed at elucidating p53 regulation by several key binding partners. The design of various peptide inhibitors that rescue p53 function in cells and new opportunities in targeting p53-protein interactions are discussed. In addition, the review highlights the importance of a protein semisynthesis approach to comprehend the role of site-specific PTMs in p53 regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Champak Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Sumeet K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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Wang Q, Zhang Y, Zhang E, Xing X, Chen Y, Nie K, Yuan H, Su MY, Lang N. A Multiparametric Method Based on Clinical and CT-Based Radiomics to Predict the Expression of p53 and VEGF in Patients With Spinal Giant Cell Tumor of Bone. Front Oncol 2022; 12:894696. [PMID: 35800059 PMCID: PMC9253421 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.894696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
PurposeThis project aimed to assess the significance of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and p53 for predicting progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with spinal giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) and to construct models for predicting these two biomarkers based on clinical and computer tomography (CT) radiomics to identify high-risk patients for improving treatment.Material and MethodsA retrospective study was performed from April 2009 to January 2019. A total of 80 patients with spinal GCTB who underwent surgery in our institution were identified. VEGF and p53 expression and clinical and general imaging information were collected. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to verify the prognostic factors. The radiomics features were extracted from the regions of interest (ROIs) in preoperative CT, and then important features were selected by the SVM to build classification models, evaluated by 10-fold crossvalidation. The clinical variables were processed using the same method to build a conventional model for comparison.ResultsThe immunohistochemistry of 80 patients was obtained: 49 with high-VEGF and 31 with low-VEGF, 68 with wild-type p53, and 12 with mutant p53. p53 and VEGF were independent prognostic factors affecting PFS found in multivariate Cox regression analysis. For VEGF, the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) was greater in the high than low groups, p < 0.001. For p53, SINS (p = 0.030) and Enneking stage (p = 0.017) were higher in mutant than wild-type groups. The VEGF radiomics model built using 3 features achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88, and the p53 radiomics model built using 4 features had an AUC of 0.79. The conventional model built using SINS, and the Enneking stage had a slightly lower AUC of 0.81 for VEGF and 0.72 for p53.Conclusionp53 and VEGF are associated with prognosis in patients with spinal GCTB, and the radiomics analysis based on preoperative CT provides a feasible method for the evaluation of these two biomarkers, which may aid in choosing better management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qizheng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Enlong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Xing
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yongye Chen
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Nie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Huishu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min-Ying Su
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Ning Lang, ; Min-Ying Su,
| | - Ning Lang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ning Lang, ; Min-Ying Su,
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Renaud-Pageot C, Quivy JP, Lochhead M, Almouzni G. CENP-A Regulation and Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:907120. [PMID: 35721491 PMCID: PMC9201071 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.907120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, CENP-A, a histone H3 variant found in the centromeric chromatin, is critical for faithful chromosome segregation and genome integrity maintenance through cell divisions. Specifically, it has dual functions, enabling to define epigenetically the centromere position and providing the foundation for building up the kinetochore. Regulation of its dynamics of synthesis and deposition ensures to propagate proper centromeres on each chromosome across mitosis and meiosis. However, CENP-A overexpression is a feature identified in many cancers. Importantly, high levels of CENP-A lead to its mislocalization outside the centromere. Recent studies in mammals have begun to uncover how CENP-A overexpression can affect genome integrity, reprogram cell fate and impact 3D nuclear organization in cancer. Here, we summarize the mechanisms that orchestrate CENP-A regulation. Then we review how, beyond its centromeric function, CENP-A overexpression is linked to cancer state in mammalian cells, with a focus on the perturbations that ensue at the level of chromatin organization. Finally, we review the clinical interest for CENP-A in cancer treatment.
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Leukemic Stem Cells as a Target for Eliminating Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Gaps in Translational Research. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 175:103710. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Idres YM, McMillan NAJ, Idris A. Hyperactivating p53 in Human Papillomavirus-Driven Cancers: A Potential Therapeutic Intervention. Mol Diagn Ther 2022; 26:301-308. [PMID: 35380358 PMCID: PMC9098605 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite a vaccine being available, human papillomavirus virus (HPV)-driven cancers remain the ninth most prevalent cancers globally. Current therapies have significant drawbacks and often still lead to poor prognosis and underwhelming survival rates. With gene therapy becoming more available in the clinic, it poses a new front for therapeutic development. A characteristic of HPV-driven cancers is the ability to encode oncoproteins that aberrate normal p53 function without mutating this tumour-suppressor gene. The HPV E6 oncoprotein degrades p53 to allow the HPV-driven carcinogenic process to proceed. This review aimed to investigate the use of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) gene-editing technology and how it may be used to overcome HPV-mediated silencing of p53 by hyper-expressing the p53 promoter. Increasing p53 bioavailability may have promising potential as a therapy and has been a goal in the context of HPV-driven cancers. Clinical trials and proof-of-concept pre-clinical work have shown positive outcomes and tumour death when p53 levels are increased. Despite previous successes of RNA-based medicines, including the knockout of HPV oncogenes, the use of CRISPR activation is yet to be investigated as a promising potential therapy. This short review summarises key developments on attempts that have been made to increase p53 expression in the context of HPV cancer therapy, but leaves open the possibility for other cancers bearing a p53 wild-type gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf M Idres
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Building G05, Room 3.37a, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Nigel A J McMillan
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Building G05, Room 3.37a, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Adi Idris
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland and School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Building G05, Room 3.37a, Gold Coast, QLD, 4222, Australia.
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Miller JJ, Kwan K, Gaiddon C, Storr T. A role for bioinorganic chemistry in the reactivation of mutant p53 in cancer. J Biol Inorg Chem 2022; 27:393-403. [PMID: 35488931 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-022-01939-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Metal ion dysregulation has been implicated in a number of diseases from neurodegeneration to cancer. While defective metal ion transport mechanisms are known to cause specific diseases of genetic origin, the role of metal dysregulation in many diseases has yet to be elucidated due to the complicated function (both good and bad!) of metal ions in the body. A breakdown in metal ion speciation can manifest in several ways from increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation to an increase in protein misfolding and aggregation. In this review, we will discuss the role of Zn in the proper function of the p53 protein in cancer. The p53 protein plays a critical role in the prevention of genome mutations via initiation of apoptosis, DNA repair, cell cycle arrest, anti-angiogenesis, and senescence pathways to avoid propagation of damaged cells. p53 is the most frequently mutated protein in cancer and almost all cancers exhibit malfunction along the p53 pathway. Thus, there has been considerable effort dedicated to restoring normal p53 expression and activity to mutant p53. This includes understanding the relative populations of the Zn-bound and Zn-free p53 in wild-type and mutant forms, and the development of metallochaperones to re-populate the Zn binding site to restore mutant p53 activity. Parallels will be made to the development of multifunctional metal binding agents for modulating the aggregation of the amyloid-beta peptide in Alzheimer's Disease (AD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica J Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Kalvin Kwan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Christian Gaiddon
- Inserm UMR_S1113, IRFAC, team Streinth, Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tim Storr
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
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Hescheler DA, Hartmann MJM, Riemann B, Michel M, Bruns CJ, Alakus H, Chiapponi C. Anaplastic thyroid cancer: genome-based search for new targeted therapy options. Endocr Connect 2022; 11:EC-21-0624. [PMID: 35275096 PMCID: PMC9066601 DOI: 10.1530/ec-21-0624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal human cancers with meager treatment options. We aimed to identify the targeted drugs already approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for solid cancer in general, which could be effective in ATC. DESIGN Database mining. METHODS FDA-approved drugs for targeted therapy were identified by screening the databases of MyCancerGenome and the National Cancer Institute. Drugs were linked to the target genes by querying Drugbank. Subsequently, MyCancerGenome, CIViC, TARGET and OncoKB were mined for genetic alterations which are predicted to lead to drug sensitivity or resistance. We searched the Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA) for patients with ATC and probed their sequencing data for genetic alterations which predict a drug response. RESULTS In the study,155 FDA-approved drugs with 136 potentially targetable genes were identified. Seventeen (52%) of 33 patients found in TCGA had at least one genetic alteration in targetable genes. The point mutation BRAF V600E was seen in 45% of patients. PIK3CA occurred in 18% of cases. Amplifications of ALK and SRC were detected in 3% of cases, respectively. Fifteen percent of the patients displayed a co-mutation of BRAF and PIK3CA. Besides BRAF-inhibitors, the PIK3CA-inhibitor copanlisib showed a genetically predicted response. The 146 (94%) remaining drugs showed no or low (under 4% cases) genetically predicted drug response. CONCLUSIONS While ATC carrying BRAF mutations can benefit from BRAF inhibitors and this effect might be enhanced by a combined strategy including PIK3CA inhibitors in some of the patients, alterations in BRAFWT ATC are not directly targeted by currently FDA-approved options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Alexander Hescheler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging (EIMI), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Burkhard Riemann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Maximilian Michel
- Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne Germany, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Josephine Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Correspondence should be addressed to H Alakus:
| | - Costanza Chiapponi
- Department of General, Visceral, Tumor and Transplant Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Tao S, Yang Y, Fan Y, Chu K, Sun J, Wu Q, Wang A, Wan J, Tian H. Melatonin protects against nonylphenol caused pancreatic β-cells damage through MDM2-P53-P21 axis. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2022; 11:391-401. [PMID: 35782637 PMCID: PMC9244227 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfac016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is an endocrine disrupting chemical, which widely exists in environment and can result in multiple system dysfunction. Pancreas as one of the most important organs is sensitive to NP, while the detail toxic effect is still less studied. Previously, we unveiled nonylphenol causes pancreatic damage in rats, herein, we further explore the potential mechanism and seek protection strategy in vitro. Insulinoma (INS-1) cells exposed to NP were observed to suffer oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, as reflected by the abnormal levels of reactive oxygen species, malonic dialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, Ca2+, and mitochondrial membrane potential. Melatonin (MT) was found to alleviate NP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, further inhibit apoptosis and restore pancreas function. Mechanically, MT induced the MDM2-P53-P21 signaling, which upregulated the Nrf2 signaling pathway. In summary, our study clarified NP-induced INS-1 cells mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, which could be ameliorated by MT through MDM2-P53-P21 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Tao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Youjing Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Yayun Fan
- Yancheng First People’s Hospital, Yancheng, P. R. China
| | - Kaimiao Chu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jiaojiao Sun
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Aiqing Wang
- Department of Experimental Center, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jianmei Wan
- Department of Experimental Center, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hailin Tian
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Advanced Strategies for Therapeutic Targeting of Wild-Type and Mutant p53 in Cancer. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12040548. [PMID: 35454137 PMCID: PMC9029346 DOI: 10.3390/biom12040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
TP53 is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes a sequence-specific DNA-binding transcription factor activated by stressful stimuli; it upregulates target genes involved in growth suppression, cell death, DNA repair, metabolism, among others. TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in tumors, with mutations not only leading to loss-of-function (LOF), but also gain-of-function (GOF) that promotes tumor progression, and metastasis. The tumor-specific status of mutant p53 protein has suggested it is a promising target for cancer therapy. We summarize the current progress of targeting wild-type and mutant p53 for cancer therapy through biotherapeutic and biopharmaceutical methods for (1) boosting p53 activity in cancer, (2) p53-dependent and p53-independent strategies for targeting p53 pathway functional restoration in p53-mutated cancer, (3) targeting p53 in immunotherapy, and (4) combination therapies targeting p53, p53 checkpoints, or mutant p53 for cancer therapy.
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AMG-232, a New Inhibitor of MDM-2, Enhance Doxorubicin Efficiency in Pre-B Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells. Rep Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 11:111-124. [PMID: 35765530 PMCID: PMC9208559 DOI: 10.52547/rbmb.11.1.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity appears to be a growing concern for extensive use in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The new combination treatment strategies, therefore might be an effective way of decreasing its side effects as well as improving efficacy. AMG232 (KRT-232) is a potential MDM-2 inhibitor, increasing available p53 through disturbing p53-MDM-2 interaction. In this study, we examined the effects of AMG232 on DOX-induced apoptosis of NALM-6 cells. Methods The anti-leukemic effects of Doxorubicin on NALM-6 cells, either alone or in combination with AMG232, were confirmed by MTT assay, Annexin/PI apoptosis assay, and cell cycle analysis. Expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes were further evaluated by Real time-PCR method. To investigate the effect of AMG232 on NALM-6 cells, the activation of p53, p21, MDM-2, cleaved Caspase-3 proteins was evaluated using western blot analysis. Results The results showed that AMG232 inhibition of MDM-2 enhances Doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in NALM-6 cells through caspase-3 activation in a time and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, co-treatment of AMG232 with Doxorubicin hampered the transition of NALM-6 cells from G1 phase through increasing p21 protein. In addition, this combination treatment led to enhanced expression of apoptosis and autophagy-related genes in ALL cell lines. Conclusion The results declared that AMG232 as an MDM-2 inhibitor could be an effective approach to enhance antitumor effects of Doxorubicin on NALM-6 cells as well as an effective future treatment for ALL patients.
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Pyrimethamine inhibits cell growth by inducing cell senescence and boosting CD8 + T-cell mediated cytotoxicity in colorectal cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:4281-4292. [PMID: 35262820 PMCID: PMC9262800 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07262-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The emergence of nonresponse or resistance to traditional chemotherapeutic agents is one of the main challenges of colorectal cancer (CRC) therapies. Thus, novel therapeutic drugs that can improve the clinical outcomes of CRC patients are urgently needed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of pyrimethamine in CRC. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we assessed the role of pyrimethamine on CRC cell growth by cell counting kit-8 and colony formation assays. Cell cycle distribution and cellular senescence were determined by flow cytometry and senescence-associated β-galactosidase staining respectively. RNA-seq analysis and western blotting were used to investigate the potential pathways of pyrimethamine in CRC development. Moreover, animal experiments were performed to evaluate the effect of pyrimethamine in vivo. Our results demonstrated that pyrimethamine could inhibit cell growth by inducing S phase arrest followed by cellular senescence in CRC cells, and the p38MAPK-p53 axis was probably involved in that effect. In addition, pyrimethamine could also boost CD8+ T-cell mediated cytotoxicity and exert antitumor activity in vivo. CONCLUSION These results indicated that pyrimethamine may be a promising candidate agent for CRC treatment.
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Zhang X, Liu M, Zhan D, Kaur M, Jasinski JP, Zhang W. Three-Component [3+2] Cycloaddition for Regio- and Diastereoselective Synthesis of Spirooxindole-Pyrrolidines. NEW J CHEM 2022; 46:3866-3870. [PMID: 36157552 PMCID: PMC9496578 DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05538k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of nonstabilized azomethine ylides derived from α-C-H functionalization of tetrahydroisoquinoline for regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of spirooxindole-pyrrolidines is developed. A three-component reaction of readily available cyclic amine, aryl aldehydes, and olefinic oxindoles provides a pot, atom and step economy (PASE) approach for making spiro-heterocyclic compounds with biological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Green Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Miao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Green Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA
| | - Desheng Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Changchun Normal University, Changchun 130032, P. R. China
| | - Manpreet Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Keene State College, Keene, NH 03435, USA
| | | | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Green Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA
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Effect of Glucocorticosteroids in Diamond-Blackfan Anaemia: Maybe Not as Elusive as It Seems. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031886. [PMID: 35163808 PMCID: PMC8837118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diamond-Blackfan anaemia (DBA) is a red blood cell aplasia that in the majority of cases is associated with ribosomal protein (RP) aberrations. However, the mechanism by which this disorder leads to such a specific phenotype remains unclear. Even more elusive is the reason why non-specific agents such as glucocorticosteroids (GCs), also known as glucocorticoids, are an effective therapy for DBA. In this review, we (1) explore why GCs are successful in DBA treatment, (2) discuss the effect of GCs on erythropoiesis, and (3) summarise the GC impact on crucial pathways deregulated in DBA. Furthermore, we show that GCs do not regulate DBA erythropoiesis via a single mechanism but more likely via several interdependent pathways.
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Noncanonical roles of p53 in cancer stemness and their implications in sarcomas. Cancer Lett 2022; 525:131-145. [PMID: 34742870 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Impairment of the prominent tumor suppressor p53, well known for its canonical role as the "guardian of the genome", is found in almost half of human cancers. More recently, p53 has been suggested to be a crucial regulator of stemness, orchestrating the differentiation of embryonal and adult stem cells, suppressing reprogramming into induced pluripotent stem cells, or inhibiting cancer stemness (i.e., cancer stem cells, CSCs), which underlies the development of therapy-resistant tumors. This review addresses these noncanonical roles of p53 and their implications in sarcoma initiation and progression. Indeed, dysregulation of p53 family proteins is a common event in sarcomas and is associated with poor survival. Additionally, emerging studies have demonstrated that loss of wild-type p53 activity hinders the terminal differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells and leads to the development of aggressive sarcomas. This review summarizes recent findings on the roles of aberrant p53 in sarcoma development and stemness and further describes therapeutic approaches to restore normal p53 activity as a promising anti-CSC strategy to treat refractory sarcomas.
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Yunos NM, Amin NDM, Jauri MH, Ling SK, Hassan NH, Sallehudin NJ. The In Vitro Anti-Cancer Activities and Mechanisms of Action of 9-Methoxycanthin-6-one from Eurycoma longifolia in Selected Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030585. [PMID: 35163852 PMCID: PMC8838174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
An alkaloid compound from the hairy root culture of Eurycoma longifolia has been isolated and characterised as 9-methoxycanthin-6-one. The aims of these studies were to investigate the in vitro anti-cancer activities of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one against ovarian cancer (A2780, SKOV-3), breast cancer (MCF-7), colorectal cancer (HT29), skin cancer (A375) and cervical cancer (HeLa) cell lines by using a Sulphorhodamine B assay, and to evaluate the mechanisms of action of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one via the Hoechst 33342 assay and proteomics approach. The results had shown that 9-methoxycanthin-6-one gave IC50 values of 4.04 ± 0.36 µM, 5.80 ± 0.40 µM, 15.09 ± 0.99 µM, 3.79 ± 0.069 µM, 5.71 ± 0.20 µM and 4.30 ± 0.27 µM when tested in A2780, SKOV-3, MCF-7, HT-29, A375 and HeLa cell lines, respectively. It was found that 9-methoxycanthin-6-one induced apoptosis in a concentration dependent manner when analysed via the Hoechst 33342 assay. 9-methoxycanthine-6-one were found to affect the expressions of apoptotic-related proteins, that were proteins pyruvate kinase (PKM), annexin A2 (ANXA2), galectin 3 (LGAL3), heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (HNRNP1A1), peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) from the differential analysis of 2-DE profiles between treated and non-treated 9-methoxycanthine-6-one. Proteins such as acetyl-CoA acyltransferase 2 (ACAA2), aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1), capping protein (CAPG), eukaryotic translation elongation factor 1 (EEF1A1), malate dehydrogenase 2 (MDH2), purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), and triosephosphate isomerase 1 (TPI1) were also identified to be associated with A2780 cell death induced by 9-methoxycanthine-6-one. These findings may provide a new insight on the mechanisms of action of 9-methoxycanthin-6-one in exerting its anti-cancer effects in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhanan Murni Yunos
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia; (N.D.M.A.); (N.J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-3627-97659
| | - Nor Datiakma Mat Amin
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia; (N.D.M.A.); (N.J.S.)
| | - Muhammad Haffiz Jauri
- Phytochemistry Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia; (M.H.J.); (S.K.L.)
| | - Sui Kiong Ling
- Phytochemistry Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia; (M.H.J.); (S.K.L.)
| | - Nor Hasnida Hassan
- Biotechnology Programme, Forestry Biotechnology Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Jannah Sallehudin
- Bioactivity Programme, Natural Products Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Malaysia; (N.D.M.A.); (N.J.S.)
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Wang C, Yang Y, Wu X, Li J, Liu K, Fang D, Li B, Shan G, Mei X, Wang F, Mei Y. Reciprocal modulation of long noncoding RNA EMS and p53 regulates tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2111409119. [PMID: 35022235 PMCID: PMC8784137 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111409119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 plays a central role in tumor suppression. Emerging evidence suggests long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) as an important class of regulatory molecules that control the p53 signaling. Here, we report that the oncogenic lncRNA E2F1 messenger RNA (mRNA) stabilizing factor (EMS) and p53 mutually repress each other's expression. EMS is negatively regulated by p53. As a direct transcriptional repression target of p53, EMS is surprisingly shown to inhibit p53 expression. EMS associates with cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein 2 (CPEB2) and thus, disrupts the CPEB2-p53 mRNA interaction. This disassociation attenuates CPEB2-mediated p53 mRNA polyadenylation and suppresses p53 translation. Functionally, EMS is able to exert its oncogenic activities, at least partially, via the CPEB2-p53 axis. Together, these findings reveal a double-negative feedback loop between p53 and EMS, through which p53 is finely controlled. Our study also demonstrates a critical role for EMS in promoting tumorigenesis via the negative regulation of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenfeng Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xianning Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Jingxin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Kaiyue Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Debao Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Bingyan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Ge Shan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
| | - Xinyu Mei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China;
| | - Fang Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China;
| | - Yide Mei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China;
- The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
- Biomedical Sciences and Health Laboratory of Anhui Province, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China
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D'Agostino S, Mazzega E, Praček K, Piccinin S, Pivetta F, Armellin M, Fortuna S, Maestro R, de Marco A. Interference of p53:Twist1 interaction through competing nanobodies. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 194:24-31. [PMID: 34863830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Twist1 promote the bypass of p53 response by interacting with p53 and facilitating its MDM2-mediated degradation. We reasoned that reagents able to interfere with the p53:Twist1 complex might alleviate Twist1 inhibitory effect over p53, thus representing potential therapeutic tools in p53 wild type tumors. From a pre-immune library of llama nanobodies (VHH), we isolated binders targeting the p53 C-terminal region (p53-CTD) involved in the interaction with Twist1 by using recombinant Twist1 as an epitope-specific competitor during elution. Positive hits were validated by proving their capacity to immunoprecipitate p53 and to inhibit Twist1:p53 binding in vitro. Molecular modeling confirmed a preferential docking of positive hits with p53-CTD. D11 VHH activity was validated in human cell models, succeeded in immunoprecipitating endogenous p53 and, similarly to Twist1 knock-down, interfered with p53 turnover, p53 phosphorylation at Serine 392 and affected cell viability. Despite the limited functional effect determined by D11 expression in target cells, our results provide the proof of principle that nanobodies ectopically expressed within a cell, have the capacity to target the assembly of the pro-tumorigenic Twist1:p53 complex. These results disclose novel tools for dissecting p53 biology and lay down the grounds for the development of innovative targeted therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena D'Agostino
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Via Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzega
- Lab of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, 5000 Rožna Dolina, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
| | - Katja Praček
- Lab of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, 5000 Rožna Dolina, Nova Gorica, Slovenia; Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Piccinin
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Via Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Flavia Pivetta
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Via Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Michela Armellin
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Via Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Sara Fortuna
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberta Maestro
- Unit of Oncogenetics and Functional Oncogenomics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO Aviano) IRCCS, National Cancer Institute, Via Gallini 2, 33081 Aviano, PN, Italy
| | - Ario de Marco
- Lab of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska cesta 13, 5000 Rožna Dolina, Nova Gorica, Slovenia.
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de Araujo AD, Lim J, Wu KC, Hoang HN, Nguyen HT, Fairlie DP. Landscaping macrocyclic peptides: stapling hDM2-binding peptides for helicity, protein affinity, proteolytic stability and cell uptake. RSC Chem Biol 2022; 3:895-904. [PMID: 35866171 PMCID: PMC9257625 DOI: 10.1039/d1cb00231g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveying macrocycles for mimicking a helical tumor suppressor protein, resisting breakdown by proteases, and entering cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline D. de Araujo
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Junxian Lim
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Kai-Chen Wu
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Huy N. Hoang
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Huy T. Nguyen
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - David P. Fairlie
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, ARC Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Zhou X, Singh M, Sanz Santos G, Guerlavais V, Carvajal LA, Aivado M, Zhan Y, Oliveira MM, Westerberg LS, Annis DA, Johnsen JI, Selivanova G. Pharmacologic Activation of p53 Triggers Viral Mimicry Response Thereby Abolishing Tumor Immune Evasion and Promoting Antitumor Immunity. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:3090-3105. [PMID: 34230007 PMCID: PMC9414294 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The repression of repetitive elements is an important facet of p53's function as a guardian of the genome. Paradoxically, we found that p53 activated by MDM2 inhibitors induced the expression of endogenous retroviruses (ERV) via increased occupancy on ERV promoters and inhibition of two major ERV repressors, histone demethylase LSD1 and DNA methyltransferase DNMT1. Double-stranded RNA stress caused by ERVs triggered type I/III interferon expression and antigen processing and presentation. Pharmacologic activation of p53 in vivo unleashed the IFN program, promoted T-cell infiltration, and significantly enhanced the efficacy of checkpoint therapy in an allograft tumor model. Furthermore, the MDM2 inhibitor ALRN-6924 induced a viral mimicry pathway and tumor inflammation signature genes in patients with melanoma. Our results identify ERV expression as the central mechanism whereby p53 induction overcomes tumor immune evasion and transforms tumor microenvironment to a favorable phenotype, providing a rationale for the synergy of MDM2 inhibitors and immunotherapy. SIGNIFICANCE We found that p53 activated by MDM2 inhibitors induced the expression of ERVs, in part via epigenetic factors LSD1 and DNMT1. Induction of IFN response caused by ERV derepression upon p53-targeting therapies provides a possibility to overcome resistance to immune checkpoint blockade and potentially transform "cold" tumors into "hot." This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 2945.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Madhurendra Singh
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gema Sanz Santos
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Manuel Aivado
- Aileron Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, Massachusetts
| | - Yue Zhan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mariana M.S. Oliveira
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lisa S. Westerberg
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - John Inge Johnsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Childhood Cancer Research Unit, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Galina Selivanova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Corresponding Author: Galina Selivanova, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Biomedicum C8, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 171 65, Sweden. Phone: 46-8-52486302; E-mail:
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