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Donovan E, Green V, Feldman G, Tachdjian R, Curry C, Rice C, Zeltzer LK. The acceptability of Songs of Love for youth living with chronic pain. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2024; 36:161-168. [PMID: 38332697 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2023-0176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Music is helpful to young people in healthcare contexts, but less is known about the acceptability of music-based interventions for youth living at home with chronic pain who may be struggling to attend school and participate in social activities. The Songs of Love (SOL) foundation is a national nonprofit organization that creates free, personalized, original songs for youth facing health challenges. The aims of this study were (1) to assess acceptability of SOL from the perspective of youth with chronic pain receiving a song and singer-songwriters who created the songs, and (2) to explore the role of music more generally in the lives of young people living with pain. METHODS Twenty-three people participated. Fifteen youth (mean age 16.8) were interviewed and received a song, and six singer-songwriters were interviewed about creating the songs. (Two additional people participated in pilot interviews.) Acceptability was assessed by (1) proportion of youth who participated in a second interview about their song and (2) results of reflexive thematic analysis (RTA) to determine acceptability. Themes addressing the role of music in the lives of youth with pain were also explored using RTA. RESULTS The program was acceptable as 12 of 15 youth (80 %) participated in second interviews and themes met the definition of acceptability. Three themes addressing the role of music in the lives of youth living with pain were identified. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of the acceptability and experience of SOL and contributes to research on the benefits of music for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanya Green
- Creative Healing for Youth in Pain, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Greg Feldman
- Department of Psychology, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Raffi Tachdjian
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Children's Music Fund, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Caitlin Curry
- Department of Psychology, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charlotte Rice
- Department of Psychology, Simmons University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lonnie K Zeltzer
- David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Creative Healing for Youth in Pain, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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2
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Gürkan O, Kaya MF. Effect of Music on Anxiety and Pain Levels of Patients Undergoing Thyroid Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy: A Randomized Controlled Study. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:538-543. [PMID: 37957093 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES Despite being a minimally invasive procedure, biopsy can cause pain and anxiety in patients. Therefore, it is important to reduce the pain and anxiety levels of patients. The present study aims to investigate the effect of music on patient anxiety and pain levels during thyroid fine needle aspiration biopsy. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized controlled single-blind study, a validated State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) consisting of 40 questions in total was used to evaluate patient anxiety rates. The STAI consists of two sections: the state anxiety scale (SAS) measuring instant anxiety and the trait anxiety scale measuring general anxiety. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 those who did not listen to music during a biopsy and group 2 those who listened to music. The Visual Analogue Scale was used to evaluate patient pain levels. RESULTS Group 1 consisted of 46 patients and Group 2 consisted of 45 patients. After the procedure, the mean SAS scores of Groups 1 and 2 were not significantly different (p = 0.24). However, The state anxiety scale differences, which represents the decrease in pre-procedure and post-procedure anxiety levels (SAS1-SAS2) was statistically different among the groups (p = 0.01). There was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of VAS score distribution (p = 0.01). CONCLUSION Music therapy is an easily applicable, cheap, and safe method that can be used to decrease anxiety and pain levels in patients during thyroid biopsy as evidenced by this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okan Gürkan
- Department of Radiology, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Karayolları Mahallesi, Osmanbey Cd. 621 Sokak, Istanbul 34255, Turkey (G.O.G., M.F.K.).
| | - Mehmet Fatih Kaya
- Department of Radiology, Gaziosmanpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Karayolları Mahallesi, Osmanbey Cd. 621 Sokak, Istanbul 34255, Turkey (G.O.G., M.F.K.)
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Utsumi S, Maiko S, Moriwaki T, Miyake H, Yuhei S, Kubota S, Uematsu S, Takehara K, Kubota M. Benefits to Clinicians of Nonpharmacological Distraction During Pediatric Medical Procedure. Hosp Pediatr 2024; 14:e123-e131. [PMID: 38273770 DOI: 10.1542/hpeds.2023-007322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonpharmacologic distraction (NPD) during medical procedures in children is known to be beneficial to patients; however, no reviews have assessed their benefits to medical providers. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the benefits of NPD to medical providers. DATA SOURCES We searched 5 databases for relevant articles. STUDY SELECTION Peer-reviewed published randomized controlled trials comparing NPD with standard care that included children who had undergone medical procedures were included. DATA EXTRACTION Primary outcomes were procedure time, number of medical staff involved, and initial success rate of venipuncture. Two reviewers assessed the risk of bias by using the Cochrane Collaboration (Oxford, United Kingdom)'s Randomized Controlled Trials Risk of Bias Tool, and we performed a meta-analysis to assess efficacy. RESULTS We included 22 trials with 1968 participants. The main NPD was audiovisual distraction, such as tablets. No significant difference was found in venipuncture procedure time (mean difference: -9.79; 95% confidence interval: -22.38 to 2.81; low certainty). We found no studies on the number of medical staff. CONCLUSIONS Our review did not find any clear NPD-associated benefit for the medical provider. The review included a small amount of literature, analyzed a small number of cases, and had a low certainty of evidence regarding procedure duration; therefore, further studies are needed to conclude the benefits to clinicians of NPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Utsumi
- Division of Emergency and Transport Services
| | | | | | - Hiromu Miyake
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shizuoka Children's Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shimada Yuhei
- School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shoko Kubota
- School of Public Health, Department of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Mitsuru Kubota
- General Medicine and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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Obersnel M, Nardin B, Canepari E, Torelli L, Rizzitelli P, Buchini S, Schreiber S, Barbi E, Cozzi G. Active production of music as distraction for venipuncture in children and adolescents: a randomized clinical trial. Eur J Pediatr 2023; 182:5455-5463. [PMID: 37773297 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
More than 50% of children report considerable pain during venipuncture or intravenous cannulation. Despite the tools and techniques may be employed to reduce pain and distress in everyday clinical practice, the care offered is frequently insufficient. Music's potential effect in healthcare settings has received increasing attention. This study aimed to verify if the active production of music with a Leap Motion Controller could help decreasing pain and distress during venipuncture in children and adolescents. We conducted an open-label randomized controlled clinical trial with parallel arms. Children aged 8 to 17 were enrolled at the blood-drawing center of the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo of Trieste, Italy. We hypothesized that in order to demonstrate an adequate improvement in the pain score in the intervention group, at least 200 children, 100 in each group, were needed, with alpha 5% and 1-beta 80%. Differences between the groups were evaluated with the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U-test. The subjects were randomly assigned either to the active production of music group or to the standard of care group. The primary outcome was the median self-reported procedural pain score between experimental and standard of care group. Secondary outcomes were: the median pain and distress scores according to parental judgment and operators' judgment between the experimental and control group. Three hundred subjects entered the study and were randomized, 150 in the active production of music group and 150 in the standard of care group. Median self-reported pain scores were 1 (0-2) in the active production of music group and 2 (1-2) in the standard of care group and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0016). Median procedural distress was 1 (0-3) in the active production of music group and 3 (1-6) in the standard of care group, according to parental judgment, and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.0000016). CONCLUSION This research showed that the active production of music is a valuable distraction technique to decrease venipuncture related pain and distress in children and adolescents. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov (June 28[th] 2022, NCT05441241) before the start of the subjects' enrolment. WHAT IS KNOWN • The benefits of music on pain and anxiety are well known and have been tested during different painful procedures. • The effect of active production of music has never been tested in children during venipuncture. WHAT IS NEW • In our study median self-reported pain scores and median procedural distress, according to parental judgment, were lower in the active production of music group than in the standard of care group and these differences were statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Obersnel
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Bianca Nardin
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Elisa Canepari
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Lucio Torelli
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rizzitelli
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Buchini
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Silvana Schreiber
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Egidio Barbi
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giorgio Cozzi
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
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Thorn AC, Brown K, Tolland M, Read J. Pediatric staff and their perceptions of music therapy services. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e138-e145. [PMID: 37567856 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To reveal the benefits, needs, and limitations of music therapy observed by clinical pediatric staff at a children's hospital in the United States of America. DESIGN AND METHODS Researchers developed an electronic 13-question survey and distributed the survey in the fall of 2022. Questions included demographics, Likert-type scale, and open-ended queries. Data was collected via Qualtrics and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. RESULTS A total of 83 pediatric staff completed the survey. Staff observed positive benefits, where the highest reported areas were opportunities for dealing with anxiety/stress (94.7%), opportunities for social interaction (93.3%), and quality of life (89.3%). Analysis of free-response questions suggest that staff expect expertise and a nuanced understanding of the needs of each of their clinical units. CONCLUSION Results suggest that staff possess an overall positive attitude toward music therapy in all settings served. Music therapists may be valuable for psychosocial and rehabilitative support to hospitalized children and their families. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Nursing staff may utilize music therapists to improve patient outcomes and reduce the negative effects of hospitalization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristin Brown
- Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, United States.
| | | | - Jenna Read
- Nemours Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL, United States
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Somani N, Beukes E, Street A, Lindsay R, Smith L, Allen PM. Effectiveness of music-based interventions to address well-being in people with a vision impairment: a scoping review. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e067502. [PMID: 37709316 PMCID: PMC10503321 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-067502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objectives of this review were to identify the types of music-based interventions and associated accessibility challenges for people who have visual impairment (VI) and their reported effects on psychological, physiological and social well-being. DESIGN A scoping review was developed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and guidelines. A narrative synthesis was conducted to map out the types of music-based interventions undertaken and to compare the therapeutic outcomes. The studies were evaluated according to the music reporting checklist. RESULTS In total 5082 records were identified, 69 full-text articles were screened and 13 studies were included. Eleven studies included younger children and teenagers, two focused on adults with acquired VI. Ten studies involved active music therapy strategies and three used passive music listening. Eleven of the studies focused on social outcomes and two reported mental health. Although the studies reported that music-based intervention strategies improved psychosocial well-being in people with a VI, conclusions could not be drawn as robust outcome measures were not generally used and only four of the studies included any statistical analysis. CONCLUSIONS Although potential was evident, details of intervention protocols and training requirements were not sufficiently reported and further, high-quality evidence-based studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbanu Somani
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eldre Beukes
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Street
- Cambridge Institute for Music Therapy Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rosie Lindsay
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter M Allen
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Hennenberg J, Hecking M, Sterz F, Hassemer S, Kropiunigg U, Debus S, Stastka K, Löffler-Stastka H. Exploring the Synergy of Music and Medicine in Healthcare: Expert Insights into the Curative and Societal Role of the Relationship between Music and Medicine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6386. [PMID: 37510618 PMCID: PMC10380075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Our study aimed to investigate the correlation between medicine, health perception, and music as well as the role of music in the healthcare setting. To gain insights into the dynamics between these two fields, we gathered opinions from attendees and presenters at an international conference on music medicine, musicians' health, and music therapy. A team of six interviewers conducted a total of 26 semi-structured interviews. The interview guide focused on four predetermined themes: (1) "music in medicine", (2) "performing arts medicine", (3) "music for the individual", and (4) "music for society". The responses were analyzed using grounded theory methods as well as thematic and content analysis. To enhance the analytical strength, investigator triangulation was employed. Within the predefined themes, we identified several subthemes. Theme 1 encompassed topics such as "listening and performing music for treating diseases and establishing non-verbal relationships", "the value of music in specific disorders, end-of-life care, and pain management", and "the design of sound spaces". Theme 2 explored aspects including the "denial and taboo surrounding physical and mental health issues among musicians", "the importance of prevention", and an antithesis: "pain and suffering driving creativity". Theme 3 addressed the "mental role of music in ordinary and extraordinary life" as well as "music's ability to enable self-conditioning". Lastly, Theme 4 examined the role of music in "cultural self-identification" and "development and education for children". Throughout the interviews, participants expressed a lack of knowledge and awareness regarding interdisciplinary research and the fields of music and medicine. Our findings affirm the significance of music therapy and performing arts medicine as well as the broader relationship between music and medicine. They highlight the potential benefits of perception and experiential pathways for individuals and, consequently, for human society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Hennenberg
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Manfred Hecking
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Fritz Sterz
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Simeon Hassemer
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Ulrich Kropiunigg
- Department of Medical Psychology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
| | - Sebastian Debus
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Vascular Surgery-Angiology-Endovascular Therapy, University Medical Center of Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kurt Stastka
- Department of Psychiatry, Klinik Favoriten Hospital of Vienna, 1100 Wien, Austria
| | - Henriette Löffler-Stastka
- Department of Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
- Mental Health and Behavioural Medicine Program, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Wien, Austria
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Ettenberger M, Calderón Cifuentes NP. Intersections of the arts and art therapies in the humanization of care in hospitals: Experiences from the music therapy service of the University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Colombia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1020116. [PMID: 36530717 PMCID: PMC9757166 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1020116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Humanization of care is becoming an increasingly important aspect in providing high-quality health services and the arts are more and more implemented to support and foster humanization and person-centered care efforts. Musical experiences are one of the most frequently encountered art forms in medical settings. Music therapy as a healthcare profession has a decades-long tradition in hospitals, both in inpatient and outpatient areas. However, while studies regarding the effectiveness of music therapy are on the forefront of clinical research, little attention has been paid to the profession's inherent opportunities to assist the hospitals' strategies in terms of humanization of care. Yet, the musical experiences in music therapy are especially versatile in supporting healthcare users from a holistic perspective, contributing to a more compassionate, personalized, and humanized environment. In this article, the basic pillars of humanized and person-centered care will be outlined, followed by examples of seven intersections in which the music therapy service of the University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá aligns with its Humanized and Compassionate Care Model. The aim of this article is to stimulate the discussion on music therapy not only as a profession that provides safe and effective treatment, but also as a therapeutic art experience that can add value for hospitals on their path toward a more humanized care culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Ettenberger
- Music Therapy Service, University Hospital Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá, Colombia,SONO – Centro de Musicoterapia, Bogotá, Colombia,*Correspondence: Mark Ettenberger
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Somani N, Beukes E, Street A, Lindsay R, Allen PM. Music-based interventions to address well-being in people with a vision impairment: protocol for a scoping review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054268. [PMID: 35260456 PMCID: PMC8905951 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Music-based interventions are used to improve well-being in individuals who are psychologically vulnerable and have long-term illnesses. To date, no study has systematically assessed the literature on music-based interventions aimed at improving well-being in people who have a vision impairment (VI). The purpose of the current protocol is to provide the methodology for a scoping review, to explore the therapeutic outcomes and strategies used in music-based interventions aimed specifically at people with a VI. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This scoping review protocol was developed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology and reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews checklist and guidelines. The anticipated start date for this study was July 2021. The proposed review will include studies that use music therapeutically as part of a treatment intervention for all VI populations. Studies that meet the inclusion criteria with regards to population, concept and context will be included. Electronic database searches will be conducted independently by two researchers and include MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and Web of Science. Further searches will include the reference lists of included studies and grey literature. A narrative synthesis will be conducted to map out the types of therapeutic music interventions undertaken and to compare therapeutic outcomes. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION As the methodology of this study consists of collecting data from publicly available articles, it does not require ethics approval. The findings of the planned scoping review are important to guide the development of future interventions, or strategies, that will attempt to use music to improve well-being in people with a VI. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurbanu Somani
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eldre Beukes
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alexander Street
- Cambridge Institute for Music Therapy Research, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rosie Lindsay
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter M Allen
- Vision and Hearing Sciences Research Centre, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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Pant U, Frishkopf M, Park T, Norris CM, Papathanassoglou E. A Neurobiological Framework for the Therapeutic Potential of Music and Sound Interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in Critical Illness Survivors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053113. [PMID: 35270804 PMCID: PMC8910287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Overview: Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has emerged as a severely debilitating psychiatric disorder associated with critical illness. Little progress has been made in the treatment of post-intensive care unit (ICU) PTSD. Aim: To synthesize neurobiological evidence on the pathophysiology of PTSD and the brain areas involved, and to highlight the potential of music to treat post-ICU PTSD. Methods: Critical narrative review to elucidate an evidence-based neurobiological framework to inform the study of music interventions for PTSD post-ICU. Literature searches were performed in PubMed and CINAHL. The Scale for the Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA) guided reporting. Results: A dysfunctional HPA axis feedback loop, an increased amygdalic response, hippocampal atrophy, and a hypoactive prefrontal cortex contribute to PTSD symptoms. Playing or listening to music can stimulate neurogenesis and neuroplasticity, enhance brain recovery, and normalize stress response. Additionally, evidence supports effectiveness of music to improve coping and emotional regulation, decrease dissociation symptoms, reduce depression and anxiety levels, and overall reduce severity of PTSD symptoms. Conclusions: Despite the lack of music interventions for ICU survivors, music has the potential to help people suffering from PTSD by decreasing amygdala activity, improving hippocampal and prefrontal brain function, and balancing the HPA-axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Pant
- Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), University of Alberta, 11405-87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (U.P.); (T.P.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Michael Frishkopf
- Department of Music, Faculty of Arts, University of Alberta, 3-98 Fine Arts Building, Edmonton, AB T6G 2C9, Canada;
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
- Canadian Centre for Ethnomusicology (CCE), University of Alberta, 11204-89 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J4, Canada
| | - Tanya Park
- Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), University of Alberta, 11405-87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (U.P.); (T.P.); (C.M.N.)
| | - Colleen M. Norris
- Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), University of Alberta, 11405-87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (U.P.); (T.P.); (C.M.N.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Walter C. MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, ECHA 4-081, 11405-87 Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada
- Cardiovascular Health and Stroke Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services Corporate Office Seventh Street Plaza 14th Floor, North Tower 10030-107 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Papathanassoglou
- Faculty of Nursing, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy (ECHA), University of Alberta, 11405-87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada; (U.P.); (T.P.); (C.M.N.)
- Neurosciences Rehabilitation & Vision Strategic Clinical Network, Alberta Health Services Corporate Office Seventh Street Plaza 14th Floor, North Tower 10030-107 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Rebecchini L. Music, mental health, and immunity. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100374. [PMID: 34761245 PMCID: PMC8566759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Music is a crucial element of everyday life and plays a central role in all human cultures: it is omnipresent and is listened to and played by persons of all ages, races, and ethnic backgrounds. But music is not simply entertainment: scientific research has shown that it can influence physiological processes that enhance physical and mental wellbeing. Consequently, it can have critical adaptive functions. Studies on patients diagnosed with mental disorders have shown a visible improvement in their mental health after interventions using music as primary tool. Other studies have demonstrated the benefits of music, including improved heart rate, motor skills, brain stimulation, and immune system enhancement. Mental and physical illnesses can be costly in terms of medications and psychological care, and music can offer a less expansive addition to an individual's treatment regimen. Interventions using music offers music-based activities in both a therapeutic environment (Music therapy) with the support of a trained professional, and non-therapeutic setting, providing an atmosphere that is positive, supportive, and proactive while learning non-invasive techniques to treat symptoms associated with various disorders – and possibly modulate the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Rebecchini
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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12
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Instructional Video did not reduce anxiety during pediatric cast removal: a prospective cohort study. J Pediatr Orthop B 2021; 30:410-413. [PMID: 32694428 DOI: 10.1097/bpb.0000000000000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine if the use of an Instructional Video will decrease anxiety during cast removal. We enrolled 60 healthy children undergoing their first cast removal following conservative fracture treatment. Patients were divided into one of three groups (1) No Video (control group), (2) watching a video of a well-tolerated pediatric cast removal (Instructional Video), or (3) watching a nonmedical Children's Video during cast removal. We assessed anxiety to the cast saw by recording heart rate in the waiting room, during the procedure, and 1-2 min after the procedure. There were no significant differences in waiting room, procedure, and post-procedure heart rates between the two interventions and the control group. The mean change in heart rate from baseline to the procedure room for the Instructional Video cohort exhibited a similar increase (25.8 beats/min) in heart rate during cast removal as the No Video group (26.3 beats/min), while the Children's Video had the smallest change in heart rate (17.7 beats/min) with a trend towards significance (P = 0.12). The results were not statistically significant for the full linear mixed-effect model on the three measurements. When we use age to control for variability in the data, we have a moderate effect size between Children's Video and control (η2P = 0.0592), revealing that certain ages likely benefited from the Children's Video intervention. Distraction using a Children's Video may help reduce anxiety during cast removal whereas the Instructional Video did not reduce anxiety as hypothesized.
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Weisfeld CC, Turner JA, Dunleavy K, Ko A, Bowen JI, Roelk B, Eissa R, Benfield E, Robertson K. Dealing with Anxious Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature on Nonpharmaceutical Interventions to Reduce Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Medical or Dental Procedures. J Altern Complement Med 2021; 27:717-726. [PMID: 34076531 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: State (situational) anxiety can create suboptimal outcomes for patients across a variety of health care specializations. While anxiolytic medications reduce anxiety, problematic side effects can compromise outcomes. These challenges have spurred searches for nonpharmaceutical approaches to alleviate patient anxiety. This systematic literature review, largely following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, aimed to determine patterns and effectiveness of interventions across medical health care specialty areas, including dentistry. Methods: A systematic review was conducted, using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases, with search terms related to anxiety, specific interventions, and medical or dental procedures. Hand searching for additional citations was performed on the bibliographies of dissertations, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews that met article inclusion criteria. The search process yielded 48,324 articles and 257 dissertations published in English between 1974 and 2018. Each abstract was evaluated for inclusion by two reviewers, yielding 718 articles that were read and evaluated for outcomes, risk of bias, pretest and post-test, controls and quality, using a Critical Appraisal Skills Programme instrument. Of these, 408 articles, describing 501 experimental trials, were accepted for inclusion in this analysis. Results: A total of 50,343 patients were included in these experiments, with an overall success rate of 71% for reducing patient anxiety. Results are summarized by health care specialty area: surgery, oncology, cardiology, obstetrics/gynecology, dentistry, and pain/trauma, and the following diagnostic testing and intervention areas: imaging, colonoscopy, mechanical ventilation, and other. The largest number of experiments (114) was in the surgery category. The types of interventions included music, education, relaxation, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), massage, distraction, hypnosis, acupuncture/acupressure, social support, aromatherapy, nature sounds, natural visual stimuli, special garment, and other. The largest numbers of experiments were done with music (143) and education (130). Discussion: The following interventions were most successful, reducing anxiety in over 70% of experiments: music, CBT, relaxation, massage, acupuncture/acupressure, hypnosis, and natural sounds. Confidence in results is limited by publication bias, small sample sizes, and the lack of placebo controls. Directions for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol C Weisfeld
- Department of Psychology, and University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jill A Turner
- Libraries/IDS, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kim Dunleavy
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Arthur Ko
- McAuley School of Nursing, College of Health Professions, University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Brandi Roelk
- Department of Psychology, and University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Reem Eissa
- Department of Psychology, and University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Erica Benfield
- Department of Psychology, and University of Detroit Mercy, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kristen Robertson
- Orthopedic Physical Therapy Program, Walk the Line Recovery Therapy, Southfield, MI, USA
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Akın ME. Effect of music on anxiety and pain during ultrasound-guided core needle breast biopsy: a randomized controlled trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 27:360-365. [PMID: 34003122 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2021.20132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although imaging-guided core needle breast biopsy is a minimally invasive diagnostic procedure, it is reported that patients may experience anxiety and pain. Interventions to reduce anxiety are important for high quality health services during imaging-guided core needle breast biopsy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of music intervention on anxiety and pain levels of patients undergoing ultrasound-guided core needle breast biopsy. METHODS In a prospective randomized controlled design, patients who were referred for ultrasound-guided core needle breast biopsy were invited to the study and randomized into the intervention group who received standard care with classical music intervention before and during the biopsy procedure, and the control group who received only standard care. Both groups received local anesthesia. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used for measuring anxiety and pain levels after the procedure. One-way multivariate analysis of variance test was used to find the effect of music intervention on patient anxiety and pain. RESULTS There were 31 patients (48.4%) in the intervention group and 33 (51.6%) in the control group; the groups were similar in terms of sociodemographic characteristics and general (trait) anxiety levels. The patients in the music intervention group had significantly lower state anxiety score than the control group (p = 0.008) with a mean difference of 3.8 (95% CI, 1.0-6.6). The mean difference of VAS pain score was 6.0 (95% CI, 2.2-14.2), which not statistically significant between groups (p = 0.150). There was no significant correlation between the VAS and the state anxiety scale (r = 0.003, p = 0.980). CONCLUSION Music reduced anxiety, but not pain during ultrasound-guided core needle breast biopsy. These results have implications especially for low and middle-income countries where low-cost and easily implemented interventions are needed to address patient anxiety during breast biopsy procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Emre Akın
- Department of Radiology, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Yenimahalle Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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15
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Tola YO, Chow KM, Liang W. Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery: A systematic review. J Clin Nurs 2021; 30:3369-3384. [PMID: 33942405 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poorly managed preoperative anxiety and pain were reported to slow the postoperative recovery of breast cancer patients. Thus, proactive management using non-pharmacological interventions becomes essential for decreasing opioid or anxiolytics consumption, anxiety level, pain intensity, postoperative complications and improving patients' haemodynamics and satisfaction with care. PURPOSE To identify, analyse and synthesise the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on preoperative anxiety and acute postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. METHOD For this systematic review, 12 databases including Ovid Nursing, PsycInfo, British Nursing Index, CINAHL, Cochrane Library were searched to identify relevant studies. A total of 6,012 articles were identified from the search, six RCTs and one quasi-experimental study that met the inclusion criteria were included after eligibility screening. Narrative synthesis was used to analyse data extracted from the included articles. The review adhered to the PRISMA guideline. RESULTS Twelve outcomes were measured in the included studies, including preoperative anxiety, and acute postoperative pain. Music, massage, aromatherapy and acupuncture were the interventions delivered. Music had a small-to-large effect size and aromatherapy had a small effect size on reducing preoperative anxiety. Also, music had a large effect size whilst acupuncture had a medium effect size on minimising postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. CONCLUSION Music, aromatherapy and acupuncture appeared to be effective for reducing preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. However, the small number of studies available for each intervention prevents conclusive statements about which the most effective method. IMPLICATION FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE A nursing care pathway that standardises the use of non-pharmacological interventions for the management of both preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in breast cancer surgery patients should be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetunde Oluwafunmilayo Tola
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Nursing Research, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | - Ka Ming Chow
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei Liang
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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16
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Schaal NK, Brückner J, Wolf OT, Ruckhäberle E, Fehm T, Hepp P. The effects of a music intervention during port catheter placement on anxiety and stress. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5807. [PMID: 33707520 PMCID: PMC7970967 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that perioperative music interventions can reduce patients' anxiety levels. However, in small operations like port catheter surgery evidence is sparse. The present single-blinded, randomised controlled two-armed study included 84 female patients undergoing port catheter placement who were randomly assigned to either listening to music during surgery vs. no music intervention. The medical staff was blind to group allocation. On the day of the surgery anxiety and stress levels were evaluated using subjective (STAI questionnaire, visual analogue scales) and objective (vital parameters, salivary cortisol) parameters at different time points (before the surgery, at the end of the surgery and 1 h post-surgery). The music group showed significant reductions of systolic blood pressure (from 136.5 mmHg ± 26.1 to 123.3 mmHg ± 22.0, p = .002) and heart rate (from 75.6 bpm ± 12.3 to 73.1 bpm ± 12.2, p = .035) from beginning of the surgery to skin suture, whereas the control group did not. No significant effects of the music intervention on subjective anxiety measures or salivary cortisol were revealed. In sum, the study demonstrates that a music intervention during port catheter placement positively influences physiological anxiety levels, whereas no effects were revealed for subjective anxiety and salivary cortisol. Thus, music can be considered as a low cost addition in clinical routine in order to reduce patients' heart rate and blood pressure. Future studies are encouraged to further explore the differential effects of intraoperative music interventions on physiological, endocrinological and subjective anxiety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora K Schaal
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Johanna Brückner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Oliver T Wolf
- Department of Cognitive Psychology, Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany
| | - Eugen Ruckhäberle
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Fehm
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip Hepp
- Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinic, Augsburg, Germany.,Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, HELIOS University Hospital Wuppertal, University Witten/Herdecke, Wuppertal, Germany
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Colwell CM, Fiore J. Feasibility of Patient-Created Orff Chant as a Music-Based Intervention in Supportive Cancer Care. J Music Ther 2020; 57:e1-e31. [PMID: 33020829 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A cancer diagnosis and subsequent treatment can produce distress symptoms, including pain, anxiety, fatigue, and altered mood. These symptoms can have a negative psychological and physiological impact on patients. Patients may need to engage in supportive care with opportunities for emotional responses associated with the disease and chemotherapy treatment to ameliorate distress symptoms. The purpose of the current study was to assess the feasibility of 2 music-based interventions, 1 traditional and 1 novel, and explore the preliminary efficacy of these interventions as supportive care of cancer patients in outpatient treatment rooms. Supportive care options were: standard care (control), patient-selected singing with accompaniment (traditional), and patient-created chant using the Orff process (novel). Distress outcomes measured were: pain and fatigue using a 0-10 numerical rating scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (state form), and the Profile of Mood States 2 Short Form (for mood and fatigue). After obtaining consent, participants engaged in a single-session of 1 of 3 conditions lasting approximately 30 min. Feasibility measures indicated that the traditional and novel interventions were appropriate for the setting. Results indicated that although not always statistically significant, there were positive changes in pain, fatigue, anxiety, and mood for the 2 music-based conditions over standard care. Conclusions indicate the patient-selected condition was more impactful for pain, anxiety, and mood, while the patient-created chant using the Orff process was more impactful for fatigue. These conclusions might be clinically relevant for therapists pending cancer-related symptoms present during the assessment.
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18
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Yu R, Zhuo Y, Feng E, Wang W, Lin W, Lin F, Li Z, Lin L, Xiao L, Wang H, Huang Y, Wu C, Zhang Y. The effect of musical interventions in improving short-term pain outcomes following total knee replacement: a meta-analysis and systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res 2020; 15:465. [PMID: 33036637 PMCID: PMC7547446 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-020-01995-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing number of patients continue to receive total knee replacement (TKR) surgery. Nevertheless, such surgeries result in moderate to severe postoperative pain and difficulty in managing it. Musical interventions are regarded as a type of multimodal analgesia, achieving beneficial results in other clinical treatments. This study aims to evaluate the effect of musical interventions in improving short-term pain outcomes following TKR in order to determine a more reasonable and standard way of delivering musical intervention. METHODS A systematic search was conducted to identify available and relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding musical interventions compared against non-musical interventions in patients treated with TKR in Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang Med Online up to 8 January 2020. The authors independently assessed study eligibility and risk of bias and collected the outcomes of interest to analyze. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.30 software. RESULTS Eight RCTs comprised of 555 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the present study. The results showed no significant difference between the music and control groups in pain of the visual analog scale (VAS), during postoperative recovery room, back to the ward after surgery; anxiety degree of VAS; heart rate; respiratory rate; oxygen saturation; blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Nevertheless, significant differences were observed between the two groups in average increase in continuous passive motion (CPM) angles and LF/HF ratio (one kind index of heart rate variability). CONCLUSIONS Musical interventions fail to demonstrate an obvious effect in improving short-term pain outcomes following TKR. A reasonable standardization of musical interventions, including musical type, outcome measures used, outcomes measured, duration, timing and headphones or players, may improve pain outcomes with certain advantages and should be further explored after TKR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongguo Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Youguang Zhuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Eryou Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Wulian Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Wentao Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Feitai Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Zhanglai Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Liqiong Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Lili Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yuting Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Chunlin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Fuzhou second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Fuzhou, 350007, Fujian, China.
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Solodiuk JC, Jantz B, Fuller M, Osterling D, Foxman H, Grafft N, Hanser S. The Use of Music by Adolescents and Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease. Creat Nurs 2020; 26:189-196. [PMID: 32883819 DOI: 10.1891/crnr-d-19-00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Pain is common and often severe in people with sickle cell disease (SCD), occurring as acute intermittent pain episodes called vaso-occlusive episodes (VOEs), as well as chronic pain conditions including bone infarctions, avascular necrosis of joints, and neuropathic pain. Analgesics such as opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDS), and anticonvulsants for neuropathic pain, although often necessary to manage these types of pain, are associated with side effects. Nonpharmacologic interventions such as to listening to music and music therapy may reduce pain. The objectives of this study were to determine whether the use of music by adolescents and young adults with SCD was helpful, and if so, the types of music that helped, and how music helped them. A convenience sample of nine English-speaking inpatients ages 13 to 21 years, with SCD and at least two prior hospitalizations for VOE, took part in interviews with music therapists. Participants were asked open-ended questions about both pain and music. Participants identified that music was helpful for pain relief as well as for mood regulation, focusing attention during cognitive tasks such as homework, distraction, relaxation, and feeling understood or connected with others. Despite this, while hospitalized, participants reported that they did not tend to use music to help with pain. These findings support the use of both music medicine and music therapy as interventions for pain and distress in adolescents and young adults with SCD.
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Aravena PC, Almonacid C, Mancilla MI. Effect of music at 432 Hz and 440 Hz on dental anxiety and salivary cortisol levels in patients undergoing tooth extraction: a randomized clinical trial. J Appl Oral Sci 2020; 28:e20190601. [PMID: 32401941 PMCID: PMC7213780 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effects of music at 432 Hz, 440 Hz, and no music on the clinical perception of anxiety and salivary cortisol levels in patients undergoing tooth extraction. Methodology A parallel-group randomized clinical trial was conducted. Forty-two patients (average age: 23.8±7.8 years, 27 women) with a moderate level of anxiety were distributed in three groups: use of music for 15 minutes at a frequency of 432 Hz (n=15), at 440 Hz (n=15) and a control group without music (n=12). The CORAH Dental Anxiety Scale and salivary cortisol levels, estimated by the solid phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were measured and compared before and after the music intervention between groups (two-way ANOVA-Tukey p<0.05, RStudio). Results Significantly lower anxiety level values were observed at 432 Hz (8.7±2.67) and 440 Hz (8.4±2.84) compared to the control group (17.2±4.60; p<0.05). The salivary cortisol level at 432 Hz (0.49±0.37 μg/dL) was significantly lower than 440 Hz (1.35±0.69 μg/dL) and the control group (1.59±0.7 μg/dL; p<0.05). Conclusion The use of music significantly decreased clinical anxiety levels, and the frequency of 432 Hz was effective in decreasing salivary cortisol levels before tooth extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Christian Aravena
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Camila Almonacid
- Escuela de Odontología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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Gallego-Gómez JI, Balanza S, Leal-Llopis J, García-Méndez JA, Oliva-Pérez J, Doménech-Tortosa J, Gómez-Gallego M, Simonelli-Muñoz AJ, Rivera-Caravaca JM. Effectiveness of music therapy and progressive muscle relaxation in reducing stress before exams and improving academic performance in Nursing students: A randomized trial. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2020; 84:104217. [PMID: 31683132 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.104217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing students experiencing high stress levels before exams could suffer worse academic performance. OBJECTIVE We evaluated an intervention combining Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR) and music therapy on the decrease of before exams stress and the improvement of academic results. DESIGN AND METHODS Randomized controlled trial including students from the Nursing Degree during the first semester of the 2017-2018 academic year. All participants were randomized to the control (CG) or the experimental group (EG). The CG took the exam as usual whereas in the EG, PMR and music therapy were performed before exams. Blood samples were drawn to investigate variations in biochemical parameters. The academic performance was assessed by the score obtained in the "Clinical Nursing" exam. RESULTS We included 112 students (75% females, mean age 24.3 ± 6.2 years, 56 students in every group). There were no differences in any parameter during the first measurement. Regarding the second measurement, we observed a reduction in heart rate for the EG and an increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and cortisol for the CG. Indeed, these parameters were significantly higher compared to the EG. The EG had a mean score of 5.07 ± 1.59 in the Clinical Nursing exam, which was significantly higher compared to the CG (4.42 ± 1.58, p = 0.033). The proportion of fails in the CG was also higher (62.5% vs. 42.9%, p = 0.037). CONCLUSION In this study including students from the Nursing degree, the combination of PMR and music therapy was effective for the control and decrease of stress before exams, and also demonstrated improvements in academic results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Serafín Balanza
- Faculty of Nursing, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | - Jesús Leal-Llopis
- Faculty of Nursing, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - José Oliva-Pérez
- Faculty of Nursing, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - José Miguel Rivera-Caravaca
- Faculty of Nursing, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB-Arrixaca), CIBERCV, Murcia, Spain
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Trottier ED, Doré-Bergeron MJ, Chauvin-Kimoff L, Baerg K, Ali S. Managing pain and distress in children undergoing brief diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Paediatr Child Health 2019; 24:509-535. [PMID: 31844394 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Common medical procedures to assess and treat patients can cause significant pain and distress. Clinicians should have a basic approach for minimizing pain and distress in children, particularly for frequently used diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. This statement focuses on infants (excluding care provided in the NICU), children, and youth who are undergoing common, minor but painful medical procedures. Simple, evidence-based strategies for managing pain and distress are reviewed, with guidance for integrating them into clinical practice as an essential part of health care. Health professionals are encouraged to use minimally invasive approaches and, when painful procedures are unavoidable, to combine simple pain and distress-minimizing strategies to improve the patient, parent, and health care provider experience. Health administrators are encouraged to create institutional policies, improve education and access to guidelines, create child- and youth-friendly environments, ensure availability of appropriate staff, equipment and pharmacological agents, and perform quality audits to ensure pain management is optimal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne D Trottier
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Hospital Paediatrics Section, Community Paediatrics Section, Paediatric Emergency Medicine Section, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Marie-Joëlle Doré-Bergeron
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Hospital Paediatrics Section, Community Paediatrics Section, Paediatric Emergency Medicine Section, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Laurel Chauvin-Kimoff
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Hospital Paediatrics Section, Community Paediatrics Section, Paediatric Emergency Medicine Section, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Krista Baerg
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Hospital Paediatrics Section, Community Paediatrics Section, Paediatric Emergency Medicine Section, Ottawa, Ontario
| | - Samina Ali
- Canadian Paediatric Society, Acute Care Committee, Hospital Paediatrics Section, Community Paediatrics Section, Paediatric Emergency Medicine Section, Ottawa, Ontario
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Trottier ED, Doré-Bergeron MJ, Chauvin-Kimoff L, Baerg K, Ali S. La gestion de la douleur et de l’anxiété chez les enfants lors de brèves interventions diagnostiques et thérapeutiques. Paediatr Child Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RésuméLes interventions médicales courantes utilisées pour évaluer et traiter les patients peuvent causer une douleur et une anxiété marquées. Les cliniciens devraient adopter une approche de base pour limiter la douleur et l’anxiété chez les enfants, notamment à l’égard des interventions diagnostiques et thérapeutiques fréquentes. Le présent document de principes est axé sur les nourrissons, les enfants et les adolescents qui subissent des interventions médicales courantes mineures, mais douloureuses. Il n’aborde pas les soins prodigués à l’unité de soins intensifs néonatale. Les auteurs examinent des stratégies simples et fondées sur des données probantes pour gérer la douleur et l’anxiété et donnent des conseils pour en faire un volet essentiel de la pratique clinique. Les professionnels de la santé sont invités à utiliser des façons de procéder peu invasives et, lorsque les interventions douloureuses sont inévitables, à combiner des stratégies simples de réduction de la douleur et de l’anxiété pour améliorer l’expérience du patient, du parent et du professionnel de la santé. Les administrateurs de la santé sont encouragés à créer des politiques pour leurs établissements, à améliorer la formation et l’accès aux lignes directrices, à créer des environnements propices aux enfants et aux adolescents, à s’assurer de la disponibilité du personnel, de l’équipement et des agents pharmacologiques appropriés et à effectuer des contrôles de qualité pour garantir une gestion de la douleur optimale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyne D Trottier
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des soins aigus, section de la pédiatrie hospitalière, section de la pédiatrie communautaire, section de la médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, Ottawa (Ontario)
| | - Marie-Joëlle Doré-Bergeron
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des soins aigus, section de la pédiatrie hospitalière, section de la pédiatrie communautaire, section de la médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, Ottawa (Ontario)
| | - Laurel Chauvin-Kimoff
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des soins aigus, section de la pédiatrie hospitalière, section de la pédiatrie communautaire, section de la médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, Ottawa (Ontario)
| | - Krista Baerg
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des soins aigus, section de la pédiatrie hospitalière, section de la pédiatrie communautaire, section de la médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, Ottawa (Ontario)
| | - Samina Ali
- Société canadienne de pédiatrie, comité des soins aigus, section de la pédiatrie hospitalière, section de la pédiatrie communautaire, section de la médecine d’urgence pédiatrique, Ottawa (Ontario)
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Kishida M, Yamada Y, Inayama E, Kitamura M, Nishino T, Ota K, Shintani A, Ikenoue T. Effectiveness of music therapy for alleviating pain during haemodialysis access cannulation for patients undergoing haemodialysis: a multi-facility, single-blind, randomised controlled trial. Trials 2019; 20:631. [PMID: 31744526 PMCID: PMC6862830 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3773-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Repeated pain during haemodialysis access cannulations is a serious problem for haemodialysis patients even when prescribed oral or topical analgesics. Although some studies have observed the efficacy of music therapy for improving pain and anxiety, its effectiveness during haemodialysis access cannulations during dialysis is uncertain. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of music therapy for pain when cannulating haemodialysis access for haemodialysis patients. Methods A prospective, multi-facility, single-blind, crossover, randomised controlled trial will be implemented. The intervention includes listening to Mozart, along with a white noise control condition. One hundred twenty haemodialysis patients will be enrolled across five facilities. Patients will be randomly allocated to either an Early-sequence group or a Later-sequence group. The Early-sequence group will receive cannulation while listening to Mozart’s Sonata for two pianos in D major (K.448) during the second week (Music period) and white noise during the fourth week (White noise period). The Later-sequence group will receive cannulation along with white noise first, followed by Mozart. All patients will also undergo cannulation during a no-sound period (wearing only headphones) during the first and third week (No-sound period). The music or no-music protocol will begin 8 min prior to the cannulating procedure, and participants will finish listening after starting haemodialysis during each period. The primary outcomes that will be assessed include the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score for pain during cannulation, and secondary outcomes are blood pressure, heart rate, VAS anxiety score, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory score, and salivary amylase activity. The operators who are in charge of haemodialysis access cannulation will be blind to the listening condition and VAS report. Discussion The proposed study has several methodological benefits. First, using white noise is a suitable control condition for addressing the role of sound in pain management. Additionally, using a crossover design with repeated measurements can help control individual differences between participants, which should better distinguish between- and within-participant variability. Overall, music therapy is a safe and inexpensive intervention that does not have the problematic side effects typically associated with pharmacological treatment. If effective, music therapy can be easily implemented for reducing pain and anxiety during cannulation. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered to UMIN Clinical Trials Registry on 1 July 2018 (UMIN 000032850).
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatsugu Kishida
- Division of Nephrology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibeshinmachi, Suita, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamada
- Department of Nephrology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621, Japan
| | - Emi Inayama
- Mihama Narita Clinic, 129-1 Iida-cho, Narita, 286-0041, Japan
| | - Mineaki Kitamura
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan.
| | - Tomoya Nishino
- Department of Nephrology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8501, Japan
| | - Keiko Ota
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-cho, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Ayumi Shintani
- Department of Medical Statistics, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3 Asahi-cho, Osaka, 545-0051, Japan
| | - Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue
- Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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Wesseldijk LW, Ullén F, Mosing MA. The effects of playing music on mental health outcomes. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12606. [PMID: 31471550 PMCID: PMC6717192 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between active musical engagement (as leisure activity or professionally) and mental health is still unclear, with earlier studies reporting contrasting findings. Here we tested whether musical engagement predicts (1) a diagnosis of depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar or stress-related disorders based on nationwide patient registers or (2) self-reported depressive, burnout and schizotypal symptoms in 10,776 Swedish twins. Information was available on the years individuals played an instrument, including their start and stop date if applicable, and their level of achievement. Survival analyses were used to test the effect of musical engagement on the incidence of psychiatric disorders. Regression analyses were applied for self-reported psychiatric symptoms. Additionally, we conducted co-twin control analyses to further explore the association while controlling for genetic and shared environmental confounding. Results showed that overall individuals playing a musical instrument (independent of their musical achievement) may have a somewhat increased risk for mental health problems, though only significant for self-reported mental health measures. When controlling for familial liability associations diminished, suggesting that the association is likely not due to a causal negative effect of playing music, but rather to shared underlying environmental or genetic factors influencing both musicianship and mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura W Wesseldijk
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Fredrik Ullén
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miriam A Mosing
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Solnavägen 9, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels v 12A, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
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Clinical Practice Guideline: Needle-Related or Minor Procedural Pain in Pediatric Patients. J Emerg Nurs 2019; 45:437.e1-437.e32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Roth I, Highfield L, Cuccaro P, Wells R, Misra S, Engebretson J. Employing Evidence in Evaluating Complementary Therapies: Findings from an Ethnography of Integrative Pain Management at a Large Urban Pediatric Hospital. J Altern Complement Med 2019; 25:S95-S105. [PMID: 30870018 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2018.0369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Complementary and Integrative Medicine (CIM) shows positive clinical benefit with minimal side effects, yet, challenges to effective integration of CIM providers in biomedical health care settings remain. This study aimed to better understand the role evidence played in the process of integration of complementary therapies into a large urban pediatric hospital from the perspective of patients, caregivers, providers, and administrators through applied medical ethnography. METHODS An ethnography was conducted over the course of 6 months in a large urban pediatric hospital in the Southern United States. At the time, the hospital was piloting an integrative medicine (IM) pain consult service. Purposive sampling was used to select providers, patients, administrators, and caregivers to follow as they engaged with both the preexisting pain service and pilot IM pain services. Field observation and interviews were conducted with 34 participants. Thematic content analysis was used to analyze field notes, interview transcripts, and documents collected. FINDINGS Analysis of the data revealed five themes regarding the role of evidence in the process of integration: Anecdotal Evidence and Personal Experience Effecting CIM Use, Open to Trying Whatever Works, Resistance to the Unfamiliar, Patients and Parents Trusting Doctors as Experts, and Importance of Scientific Evidence to Biomedicine. All themes address the role of evidence in relationship to acceptance of complementary therapies and correspond with three thought processes: critical thinking, relying on others for evidence, and reactionary thinking. CONCLUSION Both scientific and anecdotal evidence informed CIM use in this context. Biomedical environments seeking to integrate CIM into pain treatment regimens will need to engage all relevant stakeholders in building education, clinical training, and research programs that are critically informed about the context and evidence for CIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Roth
- 1 Program on Integrative Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Linda Highfield
- 2 Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Paula Cuccaro
- 3 Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Science, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Rebecca Wells
- 2 Department of Management, Policy, and Community Health, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health (UTHealth), Houston, TX
| | - Sanghamitra Misra
- 4 Department of Academic General Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Joan Engebretson
- 5 Department of Family Health, University of Texas Health Science Center Cizik School of Nursing (UTHealth), Houston, TX
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Stegemann T, Geretsegger M, Phan Quoc E, Riedl H, Smetana M. Music Therapy and Other Music-Based Interventions in Pediatric Health Care: An Overview. MEDICINES 2019; 6:medicines6010025. [PMID: 30769834 PMCID: PMC6473587 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: In pediatric health care, non-pharmacological interventions such as music therapy have promising potential to complement traditional medical treatment options in order to facilitate recovery and well-being. Music therapy and other music-based interventions are increasingly applied in the clinical treatment of children and adolescents in many countries world-wide. The purpose of this overview is to examine the evidence regarding the effectiveness of music therapy and other music-based interventions as applied in pediatric health care. Methods: Surveying recent literature and summarizing findings from systematic reviews, this overview covers selected fields of application in pediatric health care (autism spectrum disorder; disability; epilepsy; mental health; neonatal care; neurorehabilitation; pain, anxiety and stress in medical procedures; pediatric oncology and palliative care) and discusses the effectiveness of music interventions in these areas. Results: Findings show that there is a growing body of evidence regarding the beneficial effects of music therapy, music medicine, and other music-based interventions for children and adolescents, although more rigorous research is still needed. The highest quality of evidence for the positive effects of music therapy is available in the fields of autism spectrum disorder and neonatal care. Conclusions: Music therapy can be considered a safe and generally well-accepted intervention in pediatric health care to alleviate symptoms and improve quality of life. As an individualized intervention that is typically provided in a person-centered way, music therapy is usually easy to implement into clinical practices. However, it is important to note that to exploit the potential of music therapy in an optimal way, specialized academic and clinical training and careful selection of intervention techniques to fit the needs of the client are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Stegemann
- Department of Music Therapy, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
- WZMF-Music Therapy Research Centre Vienna, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Monika Geretsegger
- GAMUT-The Grieg Academy Music Therapy Research Centre, NORCE, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Eva Phan Quoc
- WZMF-Music Therapy Research Centre Vienna, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Hannah Riedl
- WZMF-Music Therapy Research Centre Vienna, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Monika Smetana
- Department of Music Therapy, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
- WZMF-Music Therapy Research Centre Vienna, University of Music and Performing Arts Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria.
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Li L, Shu W, Li Z, Liu Q, Wang H, Feng B, Ouyang YQ. Using Yoga Nidra Recordings for Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy. Pain Manag Nurs 2019; 20:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Sibanda A, Carnes D, Visentin D, Cleary M. A systematic review of the use of music interventions to improve outcomes for patients undergoing hip or knee surgery. J Adv Nurs 2018; 75:502-516. [PMID: 30230564 DOI: 10.1111/jan.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To examine the effectiveness of music as an adjunct treatment for pain, anxiety, and/or postoperative delirium, for patients undergoing hip or knee surgery. BACKGROUND Patients undergoing hip or knee surgery are known to experience pain and anxiety before and after surgery and be prone to postoperative delirium. DESIGN Quantitative systematic review. DATA SOURCES CENTRAL, Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases were systematically searched without time limits (to June 2018). REVIEW METHODS A systematic search yielded 10 randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs. Studies were appraised using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Data were extracted using the Effective Practice and Organization of Care data extraction tool. RESULTS Mixed results were found for the effect of music on anxiety, pain, and postoperative delirium in patients undergoing hip or knee surgery. Six of 10 included studies provided evidence that music can improve anxiety, pain, or postoperative delirium outcomes for patients undergoing hip or knee surgery. Music effectively reduced anxiety in one of three studies. Three of seven studies reported benefits of music for reducing postoperative pain. Positive effects of music on postoperative delirium were reported in all three studies that evaluated this outcome. Within group improvements were observed in many of the studies. CONCLUSION Music has the potential to improve outcomes of anxiety, pain, and postoperative delirium, for patients undergoing hip or knee surgery. The low number of studies found indicates results should be treated with caution. Further studies are required to provide strong evidence generalizable to a broader population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annah Sibanda
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Debra Carnes
- Faculty of Education, College of Arts, Law and Education, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Denis Visentin
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Cleary
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Moore AE, Trotta RL, Palmer SC, Cunningham RS, Polomano RC. A Multivariate Analysis of Pain and Distress in Adults Undergoing BMAB. Clin Nurs Res 2018; 29:530-542. [PMID: 30387686 DOI: 10.1177/1054773818807996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Clinicians routinely perform bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (BMAB) to diagnose cancer and evaluate disease status; however, few studies address pain and distress with BMAB. A prospective descriptive-correlational design examined patients' (N = 152) ratings of pain intensity (numeric rating scale, 0-10) and distress (distress thermometer) at baseline and 5 min and 1 hr postprocedure. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and linear regression models. Mean postprocedure pain intensity at 5 min was moderate, 5.56 (SD = 3.03), and opioid use was associated with decreased pain at 1 hr (p < .001). Preprocedure administration of anxiolytics had no significant effect on distress reduction (p = .88). Being female, first-time biopsy, and increased preprocedure pain were significant predictors of postprocedure distress (p < .001). Treating anxiety alone may not be sufficient to lessen pain and distress. Individualized plans of care should be based on patient risk and response to procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Moore
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
| | | | - Steven C Palmer
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA
- University of Pennsylvania Abramson Cancer Center, Philadelphia, USA
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Clements-Cortes A, Bartel L. Are We Doing More Than We Know? Possible Mechanisms of Response to Music Therapy. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:255. [PMID: 30255022 PMCID: PMC6141741 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to advances in medical knowledge the population of older adults struggling with issues of aging like Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and stroke is growing. There is a need for therapeutic interventions to provide adaptive strategies to sustain quality of life, decrease neurologic impairment, and maintain or slow cognitive decline and function due to degenerative neurologic diseases. Musical interventions with adults with cognitive impairments have received increased attention over the past few years, such as the value of personalized music listening in the iPod project for AD (1); music as a tool to decrease agitation and anxiety in dementia (2); and music to aid in episodic memory (3); Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation as rehabilitation for PD (4); and recently the potential of 40 Hz sensory brain stimulation with AD and PD (5, 6). These approaches indicate the expanding scope and efficacy of music therapy and the potential mechanisms involved. This paper explicates a four-level model of mechanisms of music response (7, 8) that may help understand current music therapy approaches and treatments and help focus future research. Each level will be illustrated with research and suggestions for research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Clements-Cortes
- Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Lee Bartel
- Faculty of Music, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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A smartphone-based music intervention to reduce pain and anxiety in women before or during labor. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Music is an effective intervention for the management of pain: An umbrella review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 32:103-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Martin-Saavedra JS, Vergara-Mendez LD, Pradilla I, Vélez-van-Meerbeke A, Talero-Gutiérrez C. Standardizing music characteristics for the management of pain: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:81-89. [PMID: 30477868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate if music characteristics like tempo, harmony, melody, instrumentation, volume, and pitch, as defined by musical theory, are described in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) evaluating the effects of music-listening on the quantified pain perception of adults, and if these characteristics influence music's overall therapeutic effect. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs evaluating music-listening for pain management on adults was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses statement. The databases Pubmed, Scopus, SCIELO, SpringerLink, Global Health Library, Cochrane, EMBASE, and LILACS were searched. Studies published between 2004 and 2017 with quantified measurements of pain were included. Quality was evaluated using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network methodology checklist for RCT, and effect sizes were reported with standardized mean differences. RESULTS A total of 85 studies were included for qualitative analysis but only 56.47% described at least one music characteristic. Overall meta-analysis found a significant effect, with high heterogeneity, of music for pain management (SMD -0.59, I2 = 85%). Only instrumentation characteristics (lack of lyrics, of percussion or of nature sounds), and 60-80 bpm tempo were described sufficiently for analysis. All three instrumentation characteristics had significant effects, but only the lack of lyrics showed an acceptable heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Results show that music without lyrics is effective for the management of pain. Due to insufficient data, no ideal music characteristics for the management of pain were identified suggesting that music, as an intervention, needs standardization through an objective language such as that of music theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sebastian Martin-Saavedra
- Clinical Research Group, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad del Rosario, Carrera 24 # 63c-69, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Laura Daniela Vergara-Mendez
- Neuroscience Reesearch group NeURos, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Iván Pradilla
- Neuroscience Reesearch group NeURos, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Alberto Vélez-van-Meerbeke
- Neuroscience Reesearch group NeURos, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
| | - Claudia Talero-Gutiérrez
- Neuroscience Reesearch group NeURos, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud - Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá D.C., Colombia.
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Robb SL, Hanson-Abromeit D, May L, Hernandez-Ruiz E, Allison M, Beloat A, Daugherty S, Kurtz R, Ott A, Oyedele OO, Polasik S, Rager A, Rifkin J, Wolf E. Reporting quality of music intervention research in healthcare: A systematic review. Complement Ther Med 2018; 38:24-41. [PMID: 29857877 PMCID: PMC5988263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Concomitant with the growth of music intervention research, are concerns about inadequate intervention reporting and inconsistent terminology, which limits validity, replicability, and clinical application of findings. OBJECTIVE Examine reporting quality of music intervention research, in chronic and acute medical settings, using the Checklist for Reporting Music-based Interventions. In addition, describe patient populations and primary outcomes, intervention content and corresponding interventionist qualifications, and terminology. METHODS Searching MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, HealthSTAR, and PsycINFO we identified articles meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria for a five-year period (2010-2015) and extracted relevant data. Coded material included reporting quality across seven areas (theory, content, delivery schedule, interventionist qualifications, treatment fidelity, setting, unit of delivery), author/journal information, patient population/outcomes, and terminology. RESULTS Of 860 articles, 187 met review criteria (128 experimental; 59 quasi-experimental), with 121 publishing journals, and authors from 31 countries. Overall reporting quality was poor with <50% providing information for four of the seven checklist components (theory, interventionist qualifications, treatment fidelity, setting). Intervention content reporting was also poor with <50% providing information about the music used, decibel levels/volume controls, or materials. Credentialed music therapists and registered nurses delivered most interventions, with clear differences in content and delivery. Terminology was varied and inconsistent. CONCLUSIONS Problems with reporting quality impedes meaningful interpretation and cross-study comparisons. Inconsistent and misapplied terminology also create barriers to interprofessional communication and translation of findings to patient care. Improved reporting quality and creation of shared language will advance scientific rigor and clinical relevance of music intervention research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L. Robb
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Deanna Hanson-Abromeit
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Lindsey May
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Eugenia Hernandez-Ruiz
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Megan Allison
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Alyssa Beloat
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Sarah Daugherty
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Rebecca Kurtz
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Alyssa Ott
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | | | - Shelbi Polasik
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Allison Rager
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Jamie Rifkin
- University of Kansas, School of Music, Music Education and Music Therapy, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Emily Wolf
- Indiana University, School of Nursing, 600 Barnhill Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
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Melo GAA, Rodrigues AB, Firmeza MA, Grangeiro ASDM, Oliveira PPD, Caetano JÁ. Musical intervention on anxiety and vital parameters of chronic renal patients: a randomized clinical trial. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2018. [PMID: 29538579 PMCID: PMC5863277 DOI: 10.1590/1518-8345.2123.2978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to evaluate the therapeutic effect of music on anxiety and vital parameters in patients with chronic kidney disease when compared to patients receiving conventional care in hemodialysis clinics. METHOD randomized clinical trial conducted in three renal replacement therapy clinics. Sixty people with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis were randomly allocated to an experimental group and a control group, 30 persons per group). State anxiety was evaluated in both groups by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. A t-test was used to verify the effect of the experimental manipulation on the variables. RESULTS we found a statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the degree of anxiety experienced during hemodialysis sessions. The experimental group presented a statistically significant reduction of anxiety scores (p = 0.03), systolic blood pressure (p < 0.002), diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.002), heart rate (p < 0.01) and respiratory rate (p < 0.006) after listening to music. CONCLUSION music represents a potential resource for nursing intervention to reduce state anxiety during hemodialysis sessions. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-64b7x7.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Bezerra Rodrigues
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Patrícia Peres de Oliveira
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil
| | - Joselany Áfio Caetano
- PhD, Associate Professor, Departamento de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Music-based interventions to reduce internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2018; 225:647-656. [PMID: 28889050 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Existing systematic reviews provide evidence that music therapy is an effective intervention in the treatment of children and adolescents with psychopathology. The objective of the present review was to systematically review and quantify the effects of music-based interventions in reducing internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety) in children and adolescents using a meta-analytical approach. METHODS Databases and journals were systematically screened for studies eligible for inclusion in meta-analysis on the effects of music-based interventions in reducing internalizing symptoms. A random-effect meta-analysis using standardized mean differences (SMD) was conducted. RESULTS Five studies were included. Analysis of data from (randomized) controlled trials, yielded a significant main effect (Hedge's g = -0.73; 95%CI [-1.42;-0.04], Z = 2.08, p = 0.04, k = 5), indicating a greater reduction of internalizing symptoms in youth receiving music-based interventions (n = 100) compared to different control group interventions (n = 95). LIMITATIONS The existing evidence is limited to studies of low power and methodological quality. Included studies were highly heterogeneous with respect to the nature of the intervention, the measurements applied, the samples studied, and the study design. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that music-based interventions may be efficient in reducing the severity of internalizing symptoms in children and adolescents. While these results are encouraging with respect to the application of music-based intervention, rigorous research is necessary to replicate existing findings and provide a broader base of evidence. More research adopting well controlled study designs of high methodological quality is needed.
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Leubner D, Hinterberger T. Reviewing the Effectiveness of Music Interventions in Treating Depression. Front Psychol 2017; 8:1109. [PMID: 28736539 PMCID: PMC5500733 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is a very common mood disorder, resulting in a loss of social function, reduced quality of life and increased mortality. Music interventions have been shown to be a potential alternative for depression therapy but the number of up-to-date research literature is quite limited. We present a review of original research trials which utilize music or music therapy as intervention to treat participants with depressive symptoms. Our goal was to differentiate the impact of certain therapeutic uses of music used in the various experiments. Randomized controlled study designs were preferred but also longitudinal studies were chosen to be included. 28 studies with a total number of 1,810 participants met our inclusion criteria and were finally selected. We distinguished between passive listening to music (record from a CD or live music) (79%), and active singing, playing, or improvising with instruments (46%). Within certain boundaries of variance an analysis of similar studies was attempted. Critical parameters were for example length of trial, number of sessions, participants' age, kind of music, active or passive participation and single- or group setting. In 26 studies, a statistically significant reduction in depression levels was found over time in the experimental (music intervention) group compared to a control (n = 25) or comparison group (n = 2). In particular, elderly participants showed impressive improvements when they listened to music or participated in music therapy projects. Researchers used group settings more often than individual sessions and our results indicated a slightly better outcome for those cases. Additional questionnaires about participants confidence, self-esteem or motivation, confirmed further improvements after music treatment. Consequently, the present review offers an extensive set of comparable data, observations about the range of treatment options these papers addressed, and thus might represent a valuable aid for future projects for the use of music-based interventions to improve symptoms of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leubner
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Research Section of Applied Consciousness Sciences, University Clinic RegensburgRegensburg, Germany
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McKinney CH, Honig TJ. Health Outcomes of a Series of Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music Sessions: A Systematic Review. J Music Ther 2017; 54:1-34. [PMID: 27941132 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thw016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Background The Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM) is a music-centered approach to exploring consciousness for personal growth and transformation. Applications have been reported in a variety of clinical and nonclinical contexts. Objective The purpose of this study was to review evidence that a series of Bonny Method of GIM sessions may promote positive health outcomes in adults. Methods This systematic review examined randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials and repeated measures designs that reported psychological or physiological outcomes following a series of at least six individual Bonny Method of GIM sessions. Researchers assessed each study for risk of bias and computed effect sizes for outcome variables. Results Of 270 non-duplicate titles retrieved, nine met criteria for inclusion, and eight had moderate or low risk of bias. These included 275 participants 18-78 years of age representing a variety of populations. Multiple studies measured anxiety, depression, mood disturbance, interpersonal problems, quality of life, sense of coherence, and/or psychiatric symptoms and found medium to large effect sizes. Four included physiological measures (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, beta-endorphin, cortisol, and pain) and reported medium to large effect sizes, none of which were replicated across studies in this review. Conclusions Evidence is promising that a series of Bonny Method of GIM sessions may be effective for improving both psychological and physiological health and may be therapeutically indicated for adults seeking treatment with medical, mental health, and nonclinical needs. Further research is needed to replicate findings within outcomes and populations.
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Najafi Ghezeljeh T, Mohades Ardebili F, Rafii F. The effects of massage and music on pain, anxiety and relaxation in burn patients: Randomized controlled clinical trial. Burns 2017; 43:1034-1043. [PMID: 28169080 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of massage and music on pain intensity, anxiety intensity and relaxation level in burn patients. INTRODUCTION Pain and anxiety are common among burn patients, but there are many physical and psychological consequences. METHODS This randomized controlled clinical trial with factorial design 2×2 included 240 burn patients admitted at Shahid Motahari Burns Hospital, Tehran, Iran, between September 2013 and May 2015. The patients were allocated into the following groups: (i) control (n=60) receiving the conventional primary care, (ii) music group (n=60) receiving their favorite songs, (iii) massage group (n=60) receiving Swedish massage, and (iv) music-plus-massage group (n=60) receiving a combination of their favorite songs and Swedish massage, for 20min once a day for 3 consecutive days, using random permuted blocks of sizes 4 with a 1:1 ratio. To collect the data before and after the intervention, a specific Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was applied for pain intensity, anxiety intensity, and relaxation level. The data were analyzed using SPSS, version 21. RESULTS Our findings showed a decrease in pain and anxiety intensity and an increase in relaxation level in all three intervention groups as compared to the control group, indicating there was no significant difference among the interventions applied. Furthermore, following application of each intervention, pain and anxiety intensity decreased and relaxation level increased in the intervention groups as compared to before intervention. CONCLUSION Our results revealed that music, massage and a combination of both interventions were effective on reducing pain and anxiety intensity and increasing relaxation level. Due to easy, low-cost and availability of the interventions applied, these complementary therapies are suggested for the burn patients. Although application of a single complementary therapy is cost-effective, further studies are required to determine the most effective and cost-effective method to improve the burn care.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Najafi Ghezeljeh
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - F Mohades Ardebili
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Rafii
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Nursing Care Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Beyond the drugs: nonpharmacologic strategies to optimize procedural care in children. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2016; 29 Suppl 1:S1-13. [PMID: 26926330 DOI: 10.1097/aco.0000000000000312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Painful and/or stressful medical procedures mean a substantial burden for sick children. There is good evidence that procedural comfort can be optimized by a comprehensive comfort-directed policy containing the triad of nonpharmacological strategies (NPS) in all cases, timely or preventive procedural analgesia if pain is an issue, and procedural sedation. RECENT FINDINGS Based both on well-established theoretical frameworks as well as an increasing body of scientific evidence NPS need to be regarded an inextricable part of procedural comfort care. SUMMARY Procedural comfort care must always start with a child-friendly, nonthreatening environment in which well-being, confidence, and self-efficacy are optimized and maintained. This requires a reconsideration of the medical spaces where we provide care, reduction of sensory stimulation, normalized professional behavior, optimal logistics, and coordination and comfort-directed and age-appropriate verbal and nonverbal expression by professionals. Next, age-appropriate distraction techniques and/or hypnosis should be readily available. NPS are useful for all types of medical and dental procedures and should always precede and accompany procedural sedation. NPS should be embedded into a family-centered, care-directed policy as it has been shown that family-centered care can lead to safer, more personalized, and effective care, improved healthcare experiences and patient outcomes, and more responsive organizations.
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Kim J, Stegemann T. Music listening for children and adolescents in health care contexts: A systematic review. ARTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aip.2016.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Lee JH. The Effects of Music on Pain: A Meta-Analysis. J Music Ther 2016; 53:430-477. [PMID: 27760797 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thw012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous meta-analyses have been conducted on the topic of music and pain, with the latest comprehensive study published in 2006. Since that time, more than 70 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been published, necessitating a new and comprehensive review. OBJECTIVE The aim of this meta-analysis was to examine published RCT studies investigating the effect of music on pain. METHODS The present study included RCTs published between 1995 and 2014. Studies were obtained by searching 12 databases and hand-searching related journals and reference lists. Main outcomes were pain intensity, emotional distress from pain, vital signs, and amount of analgesic intake. Study quality was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration guidelines. RESULTS Analysis of the 97 included studies revealed that music interventions had statistically significant effects in decreasing pain on 0-10 pain scales (MD = -1.13), other pain scales (SMD = -0.39), emotional distress from pain (MD = -10.83), anesthetic use (SMD = -0.56), opioid intake (SMD = -0.24), non-opioid intake (SMD = -0.54), heart rate (MD = -4.25), systolic blood pressure (MD = -3.34), diastolic blood pressure (MD = -1.18), and respiration rate (MD = -1.46). Subgroup and moderator analyses yielded additional clinically informative outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Considering all the possible benefits, music interventions may provide an effective complementary approach for the relief of acute, procedural, and cancer/chronic pain in the medical setting.
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Yinger OS. Music Therapy as Procedural Support for Young Children Undergoing Immunizations: A Randomized Controlled Study. J Music Ther 2016; 53:336-363. [PMID: 27535171 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thw010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children undergoing routine immunizations frequently experience severe distress, which may be improved through music therapy as procedural support. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine effects of live, cognitive-behavioral music therapy during immunizations on (a) the behaviors of children, their parents, and their nurses; and (b) parental perceptions. METHODS Participants were children between the ages of 4 and 6 years (N = 58) who underwent immunizations, their parents (N = 62), and the nurses who administered the procedure (N = 19). Parent/child dyads were randomly assigned to receive music therapy (n = 29) or standard care (n = 29) during their immunization. Afterward, each parent rated their child's level of pain and the distress their child experienced compared to previous medical experiences. All procedures were videotaped and later viewed by trained observers, who classified child, parent, and nurse behaviors using the categories of the Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Revised (CAMPIS-R). RESULTS Significant differences between the music therapy and control groups were found in rates of child coping and distress behaviors and parent distress-promoting behaviors. Parents of children who received music therapy reported that their child's level of distress was less than during previous medical experiences, whereas parents of children in the control group reported that their child's level of distress was greater. No significant differences between groups were found in parents' ratings of children's pain or in rates of nurse behavior. CONCLUSIONS Live, cognitive-behavioral music therapy has potential benefits for young children and their parents during immunizations.
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Gunderman RB, Fogler BD. Educating Radiologists About Pain. Acad Radiol 2016; 23:1064-6. [PMID: 27426976 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2016.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Gunderman
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 702 North Barnhill Drive, Room 1053, Indianapolis, IN 46202.
| | - Brian D Fogler
- Indiana University School of Medicine, 702 North Barnhill Drive, Room 1053, Indianapolis, IN 46202
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Ullsten A, Eriksson M, Klässbo M, Volgsten U. Live music therapy with lullaby singing as affective support during painful procedures: A case study with microanalysis. NORDIC JOURNAL OF MUSIC THERAPY 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/08098131.2015.1131187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Ullsten
- Department of Musicology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Centre for Clinical Research, Värmland County Council, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Mats Eriksson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Maria Klässbo
- Centre for Clinical Research, Värmland County Council, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Ulrik Volgsten
- Department of Musicology, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Yang CY, Miao NF, Lee TY, Tsai JC, Yang HL, Chen WC, Chung MH, Liao YM, Chou KR. The effect of a researcher designated music intervention on hospitalised psychiatric patients with different levels of anxiety. J Clin Nurs 2016; 25:777-87. [PMID: 26790566 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.13098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a music intervention on hospitalised psychiatric patients with different levels of anxiety. BACKGROUND In clinical practice, psychiatric inpatients and nurses routinely suffer from anxiety. A music intervention may possibly be useful, but knowledge as to how useful and how effective it is in patients with different levels of anxiety is limited. DESIGN The study design was a three-group, repeated-measures experimental study. METHODS Subjects were 22 psychiatric patients who were divided into three groups based on their level of anxiety. They listened to 20 minutes of music each day for 10 days and were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory before and after the music intervention and at a one-week follow-up; an electroencephalogram and finger temperature were monitored before and during the music intervention. RESULTS Anxiety levels of all three groups showed a significant difference (p = 0·0339) after the intervention. The difference alpha and beta electroencephalogram percentages for all three groups showed a significant difference (p = 0·04; p = 0·01). The finger temperature showed a non-significant difference (p = 0·41). CONCLUSIONS A music intervention can effectively alleviate the anxiety of hospitalised psychiatric patients who suffer from all levels of anxiety. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The study recommends a practice in alleviating anxiety. Effective lower-cost interventions to reduce anxiety in psychiatric inpatient settings would be of interest to nurses and benefit patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chyn-Yng Yang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nae-Fang Miao
- School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tso-Ying Lee
- Department of Nursing, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Chen Tsai
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Yang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chun Chen
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Huey Chung
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Mei Liao
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Ru Chou
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Gerontology Health Management, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Waldon EG, Lesser A, Weeden L, Messick E. The Music Attentiveness Screening Assessment, Revised (MASA-R): A Study of Technical Adequacy. J Music Ther 2015; 53:75-92. [PMID: 26673955 DOI: 10.1093/jmt/thv021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that attention is an important consideration when designing procedural support interventions for children undergoing distressing medical procedures. As such, the extent to which children can attend to musical stimuli used during music-based procedural support interventions would seem important. The Music Attentiveness Screening Assessment (MASA) was designed to assess a child's ability to attend to musical stimuli, but further revisions were deemed necessary to improve administration, test-retest reliability, and interobserver agreement for the measure's items. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the technical adequacy of the Music Attentiveness Screening Assessment, Revised (MASA-R), with a non-clinical sample of children aged 4 to 9 years by examining (a) Construct validity using comparator instruments measuring auditory attention; (b) Test-retest reliability following a two-week delay; and (c) Interobserver agreement when administered by two independent examiners. METHODS This non-clinical sample included 69 children who were administered both items from MASA-R and two comparator instruments: the Auditory Attention subtest from the NEPSY-II (NII-AA) for children aged 5 to 9 years (n = 47); and the Auditory Attention subtest from the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Abilities, 3rd ed. (WJIII-AA), for children aged 4 years (n = 22). RESULTS A significant proportion of score variance was shared by both MASA-R items and the comparator measures: R (2) = .16, F(2, 66) = 6.30, p = .003. MASA-R score estimates with regard to test-retest reliability (Item I, intra-class correlation [ICC] = .88; Item II, ICC = .91) and interobserver agreement (Item I, ICC = .99; Item II, ICC = .98) also fell into acceptable ranges. CONCLUSIONS Estimates of MASA-R score construct validity, test-retest reliability, and interobserver agreement appear improved over its predecessor, MASA. While findings are promising, additional investigation of its use with a clinical sample is needed before it can be confidently used in pediatrics.
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Daniel E. Music used as anti-anxiety intervention for patients during outpatient procedures: A review of the literature. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2015; 22:21-3. [PMID: 26850800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Numerous patients experience anxiety before minor medical procedures [1]. Because patients' experiences are highly individualized, their distress may range from mild to moderate. For a decade, music-based complementary therapy has received increased attention because of the therapeutic and healing environment it creates for patients undergoing invasive procedures [13]. The purpose of this structured literature review is to assess the current evidence regarding the effectiveness of music as an intervention that decreases anxiety for patients undergoing minor medical procedures in outpatient healthcare settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Daniel
- University of South Florida, United States.
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