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Effects of diets containing proteins from fish muscles or fish by-products on the circulating cholesterol concentration in rodents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Nutr 2022:1-22. [PMID: 36268726 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452200349x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A high circulating cholesterol concentration is considered an important risk factor for the development of CVD. Since lean fish intake and fish protein supplementation have been associated with lower cholesterol concentration in some but not all clinical studies, the main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of diets containing proteins from fish muscles and fish by-products on the serum/plasma total cholesterol (TC) concentration in rodents. A systematic literature search was performed using the databases PubMed, Web of Science and Embase, structured around the population (rodents), intervention (type of fish and fraction, protein dose and duration), comparator (casein) and the primary outcome (circulating TC). Articles were assessed for risk of bias using the SYRCLE's tool. A meta-analysis was conducted in Review Manager v. 5·4·1 (the Cochrane Collaboration) to determine the effectiveness of proteins from fish on the circulating TC concentration. Thirty-nine articles were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, with data from 935 rodents. The risk of bias is unclear since few of the entries in the SYRCLE's tool were addressed. Consumption of proteins from fish resulted in a significantly lower circulating TC concentration when compared with control groups (mean difference -0·24 mmol/l, 95 % CI - 0·34, -0·15, P < 0·00001), with high statistical heterogeneity (I2 = 71 %). To conclude, proteins from fish muscles and by-products show promise as a functional dietary ingredient or supplement by preventing high cholesterol concentration in rodents, thus reducing one of the most important risk factors for developing CVD.
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2
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Izadi A, Khedmat L, Tavakolizadeh R, Mojtahedi SY. The intake assessment of diverse dietary patterns on childhood hypertension: alleviating the blood pressure and lipidemic factors with low-sodium seafood rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:65. [PMID: 32264876 PMCID: PMC7140568 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01245-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood hypertension (CH) is related to the dietary intake and diversity of children. The study aimed to assess the critical role of dietary diversity, and seafood long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFAs) in reducing CH among the Iranian community. METHODS A cross-sectional two-phase study with 7-12-year-old Iranian students was designed. In the initial phase, the socio-demographic characteristics, and blood pressure status (normal, pre-hypertension, and hypertension) based on systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure data were assessed. The 24-h dietary recall questionnaire was used to generate the dietary diversity score (DDS, count of consumed food groups) and dietary variety score (DVS, the cumulative number of daily consumed food items). In the second phase, the association between CH reduction and changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) levels of schoolchildren intervened by a seafood diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids were assessed using the regression analyses. RESULTS The pre-hypertension and hypertension prevalence rates were 7.8 and 9.15%, respectively. CH was significantly associated with age, gender, and DDS. A significant inverse association was found between the high intake of seafood and CH (P = 0.032). The gas-chromatography analysis showed the high presence of α-linolenic (ALA, 6.72%), eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 7.62%), docosapentaenoic (DPA, 5.88%), and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 18.52%) acids in the seafood-based diet (p < 0.05). The low blood pressure levels with regular consumption of this healthy-functional diet were significantly associated with a reduction in BMI, LDL, TC, and TG, and a remarkable increase in 25OHD and HDL levels. The multiple linear regression showed that the SBP was highly associated with the TC (p < 0.001; β = 0.464). CONCLUSIONS The age and DDS were efficient predictors for the different CH status. A regular seafood-rich dietary pattern due to the high LC n-3 PUFAs contents could significantly reduce the obesity-related cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Izadi
- Department of Pediatric Infection Disease, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Khedmat
- Health Management Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Tavakolizadeh
- Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayed Yousef Mojtahedi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Bahrami Children Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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3
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Dale HF, Madsen L, Lied GA. Fish-derived proteins and their potential to improve human health. Nutr Rev 2019; 77:572-583. [PMID: 31124569 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuz016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence from studies evaluating the effect of lean fish consumption in humans suggests that proteins from fish have several beneficial metabolic effects. Rest, or waste, material from the fishing industry contains high-quality proteins, and utilization of this material offers novel possibilities for the development of protein-containing products that might be beneficial for human consumption. Fish-derived peptides containing bioactive amino acid sequences suggested to beneficially influence pathways involved in body composition, hypertension, lipid profile, and regulation of glucose metabolism are of particular interest, although the results of published studies are conflicting. This review aims to summarize current knowledge from animal studies and clinical interventions in humans evaluating the effects of lean fish, fish proteins, and fish-derived peptides on outcomes related to metabolic health. Fish proteins have a high content of taurine, and animal trials suggest that taurine mediates some of the beneficial effects observed thus far, although the mechanisms by which fish peptides exert their action are not yet elucidated. At this time, the literature is inconsistent, and there is insufficient mechanistic evidence to support a beneficial effect of fish-derived peptides on metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Fjeldheim Dale
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Nutrition; the Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine
- National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lise Madsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Centre for Nutrition; the Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine
- National Centre of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gülen Arslan Lied
- Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway; and the Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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4
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Nasri R, Abdelhedi O, Jemil I, Ben Amor I, Elfeki A, Gargouri J, Boualga A, Karra-Châabouni M, Nasri M. Preventive effect of goby fish protein hydrolysates on hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular disease in Wistar rats fed a high-fat/fructose diet. RSC Adv 2018; 8:9383-9393. [PMID: 35541829 PMCID: PMC9078641 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13102j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the hypolipidemic, cardioprotective and anticoagulant properties of fish goby protein hydrolysates (GPHs) in rats fed a high fat and fructose diet (HFFD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS)
- Sfax 3038
- Tunisia
| | - Ola Abdelhedi
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS)
- Sfax 3038
- Tunisia
| | - Ines Jemil
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS)
- Sfax 3038
- Tunisia
| | - Ikram Ben Amor
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine de Sfax
- Route El-Ain Km 0.5
- CP 3003 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Abdelfattah Elfeki
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology
- University of Sfax
- Faculty of Sciences of Sfax (FSS)
- Sfax 3052
- Tunisia
| | - Jalel Gargouri
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine de Sfax
- Route El-Ain Km 0.5
- CP 3003 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Ahmed Boualga
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Clinique et Métabolique
- Faculté des Sciences
- de la nature et de la vie
- Université d'Oran
- Oran
| | - Maha Karra-Châabouni
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS)
- Sfax 3038
- Tunisia
| | - Moncef Nasri
- Laboratory of Enzyme Engineering and Microbiology
- University of Sfax
- National School of Engineering of Sfax (ENIS)
- Sfax 3038
- Tunisia
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5
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Jensen IJ, Mæhre HK. Preclinical and Clinical Studies on Antioxidative, Antihypertensive and Cardioprotective Effect of Marine Proteins and Peptides-A Review. Mar Drugs 2016; 14:md14110211. [PMID: 27869700 PMCID: PMC5128754 DOI: 10.3390/md14110211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
High seafood consumption has traditionally been linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases, mainly due to the lipid lowering effects of the long chained omega 3 fatty acids. However, fish and seafood are also excellent sources of good quality proteins and emerging documentation show that, upon digestion, these proteins are sources for bioactive peptides with documented favorable physiological effects such as antioxidative, antihypertensive and other cardioprotective effects. This documentation is mainly from in vitro studies, but also animal studies are arising. Evidence from human studies evaluating the positive health effects of marine proteins and peptides are scarce. In one study, a reduction in oxidative stress after intake of cod has been documented and a few human clinical trials have been performed evaluating the effect on blood pressure. The results are, however, inconclusive. The majority of the human clinical trials performed to investigate positive health effects of marine protein and lean fish intake, has focused on blood lipids. While some studies have documented a reduction in triglycerides after intake of lean fish, others have documented no effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida-Johanne Jensen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Hanne K Mæhre
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UIT The Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway.
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6
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Chevrier G, Mitchell PL, Rioux LE, Hasan F, Jin T, Roblet CR, Doyen A, Pilon G, St-Pierre P, Lavigne C, Bazinet L, Jacques H, Gill T, McLeod RS, Marette A. Low-Molecular-Weight Peptides from Salmon Protein Prevent Obesity-Linked Glucose Intolerance, Inflammation, and Dyslipidemia in LDLR-/-/ApoB100/100 Mice. J Nutr 2015; 145:1415-22. [PMID: 25995281 DOI: 10.3945/jn.114.208215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that fish proteins can alleviate metabolic syndrome (MetS) in obese animals and human subjects. OBJECTIVES We tested whether a salmon peptide fraction (SPF) could improve MetS in mice and explored potential mechanisms of action. METHODS ApoB(100) only, LDL receptor knockout male mice (LDLR(-/-)/ApoB(100/100)) were fed a high-fat and -sucrose (HFS) diet (25 g/kg sucrose). Two groups were fed 10 g/kg casein hydrolysate (HFS), and 1 group was additionally fed 4.35 g/kg fish oil (FO; HFS+FO). Two other groups were fed 10 g SPF/kg (HFS+SPF), and 1 group was additionally fed 4.35 g FO/kg (HFS+SPF+FO). A fifth (reference) group was fed a standard feed pellet diet. We assessed the impact of dietary treatments on glucose tolerance, adipose tissue inflammation, lipid homeostasis, and hepatic insulin signaling. The effects of SPF on glucose uptake, hepatic glucose production, and inducible nitric oxide synthase activity were further studied in vitro with the use of L6 myocytes, FAO hepatocytes, and J774 macrophages. RESULTS Mice fed HFS+SPF or HFS+SPF+FO diets had lower body weight (protein effect, P = 0.024), feed efficiency (protein effect, P = 0.018), and liver weight (protein effect, P = 0.003) as well as lower concentrations of adipose tissue cytokines and chemokines (protein effect, P ≤ 0.003) compared with HFS and HFS+FO groups. They also had greater glucose tolerance (protein effect, P < 0.001), lower activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/S6 kinase 1/insulin receptor substrate 1 (mTORC1/S6K1/IRS1) pathway, and increased insulin signaling in liver compared with the HFS and HFS+FO groups. The HFS+FO, HFS+SPF, and HFS+SPF+FO groups had lower plasma triglycerides (protein effect, P = 0.003; lipid effect, P = 0.002) than did the HFS group. SPF increased glucose uptake and decreased HGP and iNOS activation in vitro. CONCLUSIONS SPF reduces obesity-linked MetS features in LDLR(-/-)/ApoB(100/100) mice. The anti-inflammatory and glucoregulatory properties of SPF were confirmed in L6 myocytes, FAO hepatocytes, and J774 macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Chevrier
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Patricia L Mitchell
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Laurie-Eve Rioux
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Fida Hasan
- Departments of Process Engineering and Applied Science and
| | - Tianyi Jin
- Departments of Process Engineering and Applied Science and
| | - Cyril Roland Roblet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and Department of Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; and
| | - Alain Doyen
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and Department of Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; and
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Philippe St-Pierre
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Charles Lavigne
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
| | - Laurent Bazinet
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and Department of Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; and
| | - Hélène Jacques
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and Department of Food Sciences, Laval University, Quebec City, Canada; and
| | - Tom Gill
- Departments of Process Engineering and Applied Science and
| | - Roger S McLeod
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Department of Medicine, Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, and
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7
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Lassoued I, Trigui M, Ghlissi Z, Nasri R, Jamoussi K, Kessis M, Sahnoun Z, Rebai T, Boualga A, Lamri-Senhadji M, Nasri M, Barkia A. Evaluation of hypocholesterolemic effect and antioxidant activity of Boops boops proteins in cholesterol-fed rats. Food Funct 2014; 5:1224-31. [PMID: 24714785 DOI: 10.1039/c3fo60705d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Dietary proteins affect blood cholesterol concentrations and antioxidant status, which are related to several diseases, including cardiovascular disease. The present study attempts to investigate the potential of Boops boops proteins (Bb-NHP) and its hydrolysate (Bb-HP) in the prevention of hypercholesterolemia and oxidative stress in rats fed a high cholesterol diet (HCD). After four weeks' treatment, serum lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol), the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the level of malonaldehyde (MDA) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)] in liver were determined. Compared with those fed a standard diet, high cholesterol diet induced dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and aortic structure alterations. Interestingly, supplementing the HCD with Boops boops proteins attenuated these anomalies in a dose-dependent manner. These observations suggested that B. boops proteins might provide health benefits by helping to reduce the deleterious effects of increased intake of cholesterol that characterize modern diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Lassoued
- Laboratoire de Génie Enzymatique et de Microbiologie, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d'Ingenieurs de Sfax, B.P 1173-30387, Sfax, Tunisia.
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8
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Dietary supplementation with fish gelatine modifies nutrient intake and leads to sex-dependent responses in TAG and C-reactive protein levels of insulin-resistant subjects. J Nutr Sci 2012; 1:e15. [PMID: 25191544 PMCID: PMC4153331 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2012.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that fish protein, as well as marine n-3
PUFA, may have beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk profile. The objectives of this
study were to investigate the combined effects of fish gelatine (FG) and
n-3 PUFA supplementation on (1) energy intake and body weight, (2) lipid
profile and (3) inflammatory and CVD markers in free-living insulin-resistant males and
females. Subjects were asked to consume, in a crossover study design with two experimental
periods of 8 weeks each, an n-3 PUFA supplement and n-3
PUFA supplement plus FG (n-3 PUFA + FG). n-3 PUFA + FG
led to an increase in protein intake and a decrease in carbohydrate intake compared with
n-3 PUFA (P < 0·02) in males and females.
Sex–treatment interactions were observed for TAG (P = 0·03) and highly
sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (P = 0·001) levels. In females,
n-3 PUFA reduced plasma TAG by 8 % and n-3 PUFA + FG
by 23 %, whereas in males, n-3 PUFA reduced plasma TAG by 25 % and
n-3 PUFA + FG by 11 %. n-3 PUFA increased serum hsCRP
by 13 % and n-3 PUFA + FG strongly reduced hsCRP by 40 % in males,
whereas in females, n-3 PUFA reduced serum hsCRP by 6 % and
n-3 PUFA + FG increased hsCRP by 20 %. In conclusion, supplementation
with FG may enhance the lipid-lowering effect of marine n-3 PUFA in
females and beneficially counteract the effect of n-3 PUFA on serum hsCRP
in males. Further studies are needed to identify the sex-dependent mechanisms responsible
for the divergent effects of FG on TAG and hsCRP levels in females and males,
respectively.
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9
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Louala S, Hamza-Reguig S, Benyahia-Mostefaoui A, Boualga A, Lamri-Senhadji MY. Effects of highly purified sardine proteins on lipid peroxidation and reverse cholesterol transport in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet. J Funct Foods 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2011.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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10
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Rudkowska I, Ponton A, Jacques H, Lavigne C, Holub BJ, Marette A, Vohl MC. Effects of a supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with or without fish gelatin on gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in obese, insulin-resistant subjects. JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS 2011; 4:192-202. [PMID: 21876360 DOI: 10.1159/000330226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 05/31/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following an n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and n-3 PUFA plus fish gelatin (+FG) supplementation. METHODS A transcriptome comparison of 8-week supplementation with n-3 PUFA and n-3 PUFA+FG was carried out in PBMCs of 16 obese insulin-resistant subjects. RESULTS Erythrocyte n-3 PUFA concentration increased and plasma triglycerides decreased significantly without altering inflammatory parameters after both supplementations. n-3 PUFA supplementation changed the expression of 805 genes, whereas n-3 PUFA+FG supplementation altered the expression of 184 genes. Three genes were commonly changed: fatty acid desaturase 1, free fatty acid receptor 3, and ectodysplasin. Pathway analyses indicate changes in gene expression via the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α pathway after both supplementations. Further, the extent of modifications in the expression of genes implicated in the inflammatory pathways - the oxidative stress response mediated by nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2, nuclear transcription factor κB, oxidative stress, and hypoxia-inducible factor signaling - was different after each supplementation. CONCLUSION Although n-3 PUFA and n-3 PUFA+FG supplementations have a distinct impact on gene expression levels, the consequences on biochemical parameters and metabolic pathways were comparable after both supplementations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods (INAF), Laval University, Quebec, Québec, Canada
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11
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Consumption of long-chain n-3 PUFA, α-linolenic acid and fish is associated with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease. Br J Nutr 2011; 105:1361-8. [PMID: 21255476 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114510005040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Due to the anti-inflammatory properties of PUFA, it has been suggested that they may protect against kidney damage in adults. However, relatively few epidemiological studies have examined this hypothesis in human subjects. We investigated the association between dietary intakes of PUFA (n-3, n-6 and α-linolenic acid), fish and the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A total of 2600 Blue Mountains Eye Study (1997-9) participants aged ≥ 50 years were analysed. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ, and PUFA and fish intakes were calculated. Baseline biochemistry including serum creatinine was measured. Moderate CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of < 60 ml/min per 1·73 m2. Participants in the highest quartile of long-chain n-3 PUFA intake had a significantly reduced likelihood of having CKD compared with those in the lowest quartile of intake (multivariable-adjusted OR 0·69, 95 % CI 0·49, 0·99). α-Linolenic acid intake was positively associated with CKD (OR, per standard deviation increase in α-linolenic acid, 1·18, 95 % CI 1·05, 1·32). Total n-3 PUFA or total n-6 PUFA were not significantly associated with CKD. The highest compared with the lowest quartile of fish consumption was associated with a reduced likelihood of CKD (OR 0·68, 95 % CI 0·48, 0·97; P for trend = 0·02). The present study shows that an increased dietary intake of long-chain n-3 PUFA and fish reduces the prevalence of CKD. Hence, a diet rich in n-3 PUFA and fish could have a role in maintaining healthy kidney function, in addition to roles of these nutrients in the prevention and modulation of other diseases.
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Shiba S, Tsunoda N, Ito K, Wakutsu M, Muraki E, Sonoda M, Tam PSY, Fujiwara Y, Ikemoto S, Kasono K. Unsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish Oil Play a Role in Adequate Fat Distribution to Plasma, Liver and White Adipose Tissue. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1248/jhs.57.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Shiba
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Nobuyo Tsunoda
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Kanako Ito
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Masaki Wakutsu
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Etsuko Muraki
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Mariko Sonoda
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Phyllis S. Y. Tam
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Yoko Fujiwara
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University
| | - Shinji Ikemoto
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Human Life and Environmental Sciences, Ochanomizu University
- Present address: Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University
| | - Keizo Kasono
- Department of Clinical Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
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13
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Rudkowska I, Caron-Dorval D, Verreault M, Couture P, Deshaies Y, Barbier O, Vohl MC. PPARalpha L162V polymorphism alters the potential of n-3 fatty acids to increase lipoprotein lipase activity. Mol Nutr Food Res 2010; 54:543-50. [PMID: 19937854 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.200900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) may accelerate plasma triglyceride (TG) clearance by altering lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. Yet, the ability of n-3 FAs to increase LPL activity is dependent on transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha). The objective was to examine the effects of n-3 FAs on LPL activity considering the occurrence of PPARalpha L162V polymorphism. First, 14 pairs of men either L162 homozygotes or carriers of the V162 allele were supplemented with n-3 FAs. Second, transient transfections in HepG2 cells, for the L162- and V162-PPARalpha variants with the peroxisome proliferator-response element from the human LPL gene, were transactivated with n-3 FAs. In vivo results demonstrate that the LPL activity increased non-significantly by 14.4% in L162 homozygotes compared with 6.6% in carriers of the PPARalpha-V162 allele, after n-3 FA supplementation. Additionally, the L162 homozygotes tended towards an inverse correlation between LPL activities and plasma TG levels. Conversely, carriers of the V162 allele showed no such relationship. In vitro data demonstrates that transcription rates of LPL tended to be higher for the L162-PPARalpha than V162-PPARalpha after n-3 FAs activation. Overall, these results indicate that n-3 FA supplementation increases the transcription rate of LPL to a greater extent in L162-PPARalpha than V162-PPARalpha.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada
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14
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Rudkowska I, Marcotte B, Pilon G, Lavigne C, Marette A, Vohl MC. Fish nutrients decrease expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α in cultured human macrophages. Physiol Genomics 2010; 40:189-94. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00120.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of fish consumption on inflammatory markers. Until now, these beneficial effects of fish consumption have been mostly linked to the omega-3 fatty acids (FA). The objective of the present study was to examine, in vitro, whether expression levels of genes involved in the inflammatory response differ in human macrophages incubated with casein hydrolysates (CH) or fish protein hydrolysates (FPH) in the presence or absence of omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA alone. Peripheral blood monocytes differentiated into macrophages from 10 men were incubated in the presence of omega-3 FA (10 μM eicosapentaenoic acid and 5 μM docosahexaenoic acid) or CH or FPH (10, 100, 1,000 μg) with or without omega-3 FA for 48 h. Results demonstrate that expression levels of tumor necrosis factorα ( TNFα) had a tendency to be lower after the addition of FPH alone or CH with omega-3 FA compared with omega-3 FA treatment. Furthermore, the combination of FPH and omega-3 FA synergistically decreased expression levels of TNFα compared to treatment with omega-3 FA or FPH alone. No difference on gene expression levels of interleukin-6 was observed between treatments. In conclusion, these preliminary results suggest that the anti-inflammatory effects of fish consumption can be explained by a synergistic effect of the omega-3 FA with the protein components of fish on TNFα expression and therefore contribute to the beneficial effects of fish consumption. Hence, follow-up studies should be performed to confirm the effects of a diet rich in FPH and omega-3 FA on serum proinflammatory cytokine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Rudkowska
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruno Marcotte
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pilon
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Charles Lavigne
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - André Marette
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, and Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Lindqvist H, Sandberg AS, Undeland I, Stener-Victorin E, Larsson BM, Sannaveerappa T, Lönn M, Holmäng A. Influence of herring (Clupea harengus) and herring fractions on metabolic status in rats fed a high energy diet. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2009; 196:303-14. [PMID: 19076113 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-1716.2008.01948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Few dietary studies have looked beyond fish oil to explain the beneficial metabolic effects of a fish-containing diet. Our aim was to study whether addition of herring, or sub-fractions of herring, could counteract negative metabolic effects known to be induced by a high-fat, high-sugar diet. METHODS Rats were given six different diets: standard pellets; high energy diet with chicken mince (HiE control); high energy diet with herring mince (HiE herring); and high energy diet with chicken mince and either herring oil (HiE herring oil), herring press juice, PJ (HiE PJ) or herring low molecular weight PJ (HiE LMW-PJ). Factors associated with the metabolic syndrome were measured. RESULTS There were no differences in energy intake or body weight between the groups, but animals fed high energy diets had a higher body fat content compared with the pellet group, although not statistically significant in all groups. Mesenteric adipocyte size was smaller in the HiE herring oil group compared with the HiE control. Glucose clamp studies showed that, compared with the pellet group, the HiE control and HiE herring diets, but not the HiE herring oil diet, induced insulin resistance. Addition of herring or herring oil to the high energy diet decreased total cholesterol levels, triacylglycerols and the atherogenic index compared with the HiE control group. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that addition of herring or herring oil counteracts negative effects on blood lipids induced by a high energy diet. The lipid component of herring thus seems to be responsible for these beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Lindqvist
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Chalmers University of Technology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Herring (Clupea harengus) intake influences lipoproteins but not inflammatory and oxidation markers in overweight men. Br J Nutr 2008; 101:383-90. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114508003073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fish consumption is associated with a lower incidence of CVD and decreases in risk factors for atherosclerosis. Although fish contains other interesting components than fish oil, few studies focus on total fish composition and the influence food preparation might have on health-beneficial components. In the present cross-over intervention study the effect of a 6-week herring diet compared with a reference diet on CVD risk factors was investigated. Thirty-five healthy, but overweight, men (mean BMI 28·3 kg/m2) were randomised to a 6-week herring diet (150 g baked herring fillets/d, 5 d/week) or a reference diet (150 g baked lean pork and chicken fillets/d, 5 d/week). Diets were switched after a 12-week washout period. Plasma total cholesterol, TAG, HDL, HDL2, HDL3, LDL, C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-18, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, oxidised LDL, oxygen radical absorbance capacity using perchloric acid (ORACPCA), whole-blood fatty acids, bleeding time and blood pressure were measured at the beginning and end of each dietary period. HDL was significantly higher after the herring diet period compared with after the reference diet period: 1·04v.0·99 mmol/l. TAG decreased after both diets, with no significant difference between the two diets. ORACPCAvalues did not indicate lower concentrations of non-protein plasma antioxidants, and oxidised LDL was not higher after the herring diet than after the reference diet. To conclude, a 6-week herring-rich diet significantly raised HDL compared with a diet of matched lean pork and chicken dishes. No adverse effects onin vivooxidation or serum antioxidants were found after herring intake.
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Matsumoto J, Erami K, Ogawa H, Doi M, Kishida T, Ebihara K. Hypocholesterolemic effects of microbial protease-resistant fraction of Katsuobushi in ovariectomized rats depend on the both oil and undigested protein. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2008; 53:508-14. [PMID: 18202539 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.53.508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine which component in the microbial protease-resistant fraction of Katsuobushi (KBR), smoke-dried bonito, is hypocholesterolemic in ovariectomized rats (OVX-rats). KBR contains two major components: oil and protease-resistant protein. Oil extracted from KBR (EX) was rich in palmitic, oleic and docosahexaenoic acids. OVX-rats were fed one of the following diets for 28 d: diets containing casein as the protein source (C or C+EX diet), a diet containing KBR as the protein source (KBR diet) or diets containing degreased KBR as the protein source (DF/KBR or DF/KBR+EX diet). The C and DF/KBR diets contained soybean oil as the oil source. In the C+EX, KBR and DF/KBR+EX diets, soybean oil was replaced by oil extracted from KBR (EX). Plasma total- and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol concentrations in the C+EX, KBR and DF/KBR+EX groups, but not in the DF/KBR group, were significantly lower than that in the C group. Fecal bile acid excretion was significantly greater in the C+EX, KBR, DF/KBR and DF/KBR+EX groups in comparison to the C group, whereas excretion in the KBR and DF/KBR+EX groups was significantly greater than in the C+EX and DF/KBR groups. Cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase activity was higher in the C+EX, KBR, DF/KBR and DF/KBR+EX groups than the C group. In OVX-rats fed C, C+EX or KBR for 28 d, bile acid flux into the small intestine increased in KBR and C+EX groups in comparison to the C group. The hypocholesterolemic effect of KBR in OVX-rats reflected in increased fecal bile acid excretion may be mediated by increased bile acid flux caused by EX and the binding of bile acids by protease-resistant proteins.
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Matsumoto J, Erami K, Ogawa H, Doi M, Kishida T, Ebihara K. The Protease-Resistant Fraction of Smoked, Dried Bonito Lowers Serum Cholesterol in Ovariectomized Rats Fed Cholesterol-Free Diets. J Food Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2005.tb11494.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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