1
|
Eskandari S, Rezayof A, Asghari SM, Hashemizadeh S. Neurobiochemical characteristics of arginine-rich peptides explain their potential therapeutic efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuropeptides 2023; 101:102356. [PMID: 37390744 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2023.102356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer̕ s disease (AD), Parkinson̕ s disease (PD), Huntington̕ s disease (HD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) require special attention to find new potential treatment methods. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the relationship between the biochemical properties of arginine-rich peptides (ARPs) and their neuroprotective effects to deal with the harmful effects of risk factors. It seems that ARPs have portrayed a promising and fantastic landscape for treating neurodegeneration-associated disorders. With multimodal mechanisms of action, ARPs play various unprecedented roles, including as the novel delivery platforms for entering the central nervous system (CNS), the potent antagonists for calcium influx, the invader molecules for targeting mitochondria, and the protein stabilizers. Interestingly, these peptides inhibit the proteolytic enzymes and block protein aggregation to induce pro-survival signaling pathways. ARPs also serve as the scavengers of toxic molecules and the reducers of oxidative stress agents. They also have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer properties. Moreover, by providing an efficient nucleic acid delivery system, ARPs can play an essential role in developing various fields, including gene vaccines, gene therapy, gene editing, and imaging. ARP agents and ARP/cargo therapeutics can be raised as an emergent class of neurotherapeutics for neurodegeneration. Part of the aim of this review is to present recent advances in treating neurodegenerative diseases using ARPs as an emerging and powerful therapeutic tool. The applications and progress of ARPs-based nucleic acid delivery systems have also been discussed to highlight their usefulness as a broad-acting class of drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sedigheh Eskandari
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ameneh Rezayof
- Department of Animal Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S Mohsen Asghari
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shiva Hashemizadeh
- School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences, IPM, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tahmasbi F, Madani Neishaboori A, Mardani M, Toloui A, Komlakh K, Azizi Y, Yousefifard M. Efficacy of polyarginine peptides in the treatment of stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Behav 2023; 13:e2858. [PMID: 36542540 PMCID: PMC9847609 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disparities exist regarding an efficient treatment for stroke. Polyarginines have shown promising neuroprotective properties based on available published studies. Thus, the present study aims to systemically review and analyze existing evidence regarding polyarginine's administration efficacy in animal stroke models. METHOD Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched, in addition to manual search. Inclusion criteria were administrating polyarginine peptides in stroke animal models. Exclusion criteria were previous polyarginine administration, lacking a control group, review articles, and case reports. Data were collected and analyzed using STATA 17.0; a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI), meta-regression, and subgroup analyses were presented. Risk of bias, publication bias, and level of evidence were assessed using SYRCLE's tool, Egger's analysis, and Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation framework, respectively. RESULTS From the 468 searched articles, 11 articles were included. Analyses showed that R18 significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = -0.65; 95% CI: -1.01, -0.29) and brain edema (SMD = -1.90; 95% CI: -3.28, -0.51) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.91) and functional status (SMD = 0.55; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.85) in stroke animal models. Moreover, R18D significantly decreases infarct size (SMD = -0.75; 95% CI: -1.17, -0.33) and improves neurological outcome (SMD = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.86) and functional status (SMD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.16, 0.54) in stroke models. CONCLUSION Moderate level of evidence demonstrated that both R18 and R18D administration can significantly improve stroke outcomes in animal stroke models. However, considering the limitations, further pre-clinical and clinical studies are warranted to substantiate the neuroprotective efficacy of polyarginines for stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fateme Tahmasbi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Mahta Mardani
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Toloui
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khalil Komlakh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yaser Azizi
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Yousefifard
- Physiology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Milani D, Clark VW, Feindel KW, Blacker DJ, Bynevelt M, Edwards AB, Anderton RS, Knuckey NW, Meloni BP. Comparative Assessment of the Proteolytic Stability and Impact of Poly-Arginine Peptides R18 and R18D on Infarct Growth and Penumbral Tissue Preservation Following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Sprague Dawley Rat. Neurochem Res 2021; 46:1166-1176. [PMID: 33523394 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-021-03251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly-arginine peptides R18 and R18D have previously been demonstrated to be neuroprotective in ischaemic stroke models. Here we examined the proteolytic stability and efficacy of R18 and R18D in reducing infarct core growth and preserving the ischaemic penumbra following middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in the Sprague Dawley rat. R18 (300 or 1000 nmol/kg), R18D (300 nmol/kg) or saline were administered intravenously 10 min after MCAO induced using a filament. Serial perfusion and diffusion-weighted MRI imaging was performed to measure changes in the infarct core and penumbra from time points between 45- and 225-min post-occlusion. Repeated measures analyses of infarct growth and penumbral tissue size were evaluated using generalised linear mixed models (GLMMs). R18D (300 nmol/kg) was most effective in slowing infarct core growth (46.8 mm3 reduction; p < 0.001) and preserving penumbral tissue (21.6% increase; p < 0.001), followed by R18 at the 300 nmol/kg dose (core: 29.5 mm3 reduction; p < 0.001, penumbra: 12.5% increase; p < 0.001). R18 at the 1000 nmol/kg dose had a significant impact in slowing core growth (19.5 mm3 reduction; p = 0.026), but only a modest impact on penumbral preservation (6.9% increase; p = 0.062). The in vitro anti-excitotoxic neuroprotective efficacy of R18D was also demonstrated to be unaffected when preincubated for 1-3 h or overnight, in a cell lysate prepared from dying neurons or with the proteolytic enzyme, plasmin, whereas the neuroprotective efficacy of R18 was significantly reduced after a 2-h incubation. These findings highlight the capacity of poly-arginine peptides to reduce infarct growth and preserve the ischaemic penumbra, and confirm the superior efficacy and proteolytic stability of R18D, which indicates that this peptide is likely to retain its neuroprotective properties when co-administered with alteplase during thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Milani
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Vince W Clark
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Kirk W Feindel
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterisation and Analysis, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - David J Blacker
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Michael Bynevelt
- Neurological Intervention and Imaging Service of Western Australia, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Adam B Edwards
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- School of Heath Sciences and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Sciences, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, 6009, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li KHC, Jesuthasan A, Kui C, Davies R, Tse G, Lip GYH. Acute ischemic stroke management: concepts and controversies.A narrative review. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 21:65-79. [PMID: 33047640 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2021.1836963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Amongst the 25.7 million survivors and 6.5 million deaths from stroke between 1990 and 2013, ischemic strokes accounted for approximately 70% and 50% of the cases, respectively. With patients still suffering from complications and stroke recurrence, more questions have been raised as to how we can better improve patient management. AREAS COVERED The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were adopted to ensure a comprehensive inclusion of quality literature from various sources. PubMed and Embase were searched for evidence on thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, artificial intelligence (AI), antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation and hypertension management. EXPERT OPINION The directions of future research in these areas are dependent on the current level of validation. Endovascular therapy and applications of AI are relatively new compared to the other areas discussed in this review. As such, future studies need to focus on validating their efficacy. As for thrombolysis, antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy, their efficacy has been well-established and future research efforts should be directed toward adjusting its use according to patient-specific factors, starting with factors with the most clinical relevance and prevalence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ka Hou Christien Li
- Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle, UK.,Arrowe Park Acute Stroke Unit, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Wirral, UK
| | | | | | - Ruth Davies
- Arrowe Park Acute Stroke Unit, Wirral University Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust , Wirral, UK
| | - Gary Tse
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
| | - Gregory Y H Lip
- Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart & Chest Hospital , Liverpool, UK.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University , Aalborg, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Seckler JM, Lewis SJ. Advances in D-Amino Acids in Neurological Research. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197325. [PMID: 33023061 PMCID: PMC7582301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
D-amino acids have been known to exist in the human brain for nearly 40 years, and they continue to be a field of active study to today. This review article aims to give a concise overview of the recent advances in D-amino acid research as they relate to the brain and neurological disorders. This work has largely been focused on modulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor and its relationship to Alzheimer’s disease and Schizophrenia, but there has been a wealth of novel research which has elucidated a novel role for several D-amino acids in altering brain chemistry in a neuroprotective manner. D-amino acids which have no currently known activity in the brain but which have active derivatives will also be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James M. Seckler
- Department Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Stephen J. Lewis
- Department Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Meloni BP, Blacker DJ, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW. Emerging cytoprotective peptide therapies for stroke. Expert Rev Neurother 2020; 20:887-890. [PMID: 32580598 DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2020.1788390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science , Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David J Blacker
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science , Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science , Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science , Nedlands, Australia.,Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, QEII Medical Centre , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia , Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Muller C, Berber E, Lutzweiler G, Ersen O, Bahri M, Lavalle P, Ball V, Vrana NE, Barthes J. Polyarginine Decorated Polydopamine Nanoparticles With Antimicrobial Properties for Functionalization of Hydrogels. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:982. [PMID: 32974312 PMCID: PMC7461895 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles are versatile structures that can be stabilized with proteins. In this study, we have demonstrated the feasibility of developing PDA/polypeptides complexes in the shape of nanoparticles. The polypeptide can also render the nanoparticle functional. Herein, we have developed antimicrobial nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution by decorating the polydopamine particles with a chain-length controlled antimicrobial agent Polyarginine (PAR). The obtained particles were 3.9 ± 1.7 nm in diameter and were not cytotoxic at 1:20 dilution and above. PAR-decorated nanoparticles have exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, one of the most common pathogen involved in implant infections. The minimum inhibitory concentration is 5 times less than the cytotoxicity levels. Then, PAR-decorated nanoparticles have been incorporated into gelatin hydrogels used as a model of tissue engineering scaffolds. These nanoparticles have given hydrogels strong antimicrobial properties without affecting their stability and biocompatibility while improving their mechanical properties (modulus of increased storage). Decorated polydopamine nanoparticles can be a versatile tool for the functionalization of hydrogels in regenerative medicine applications by providing bioactive properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Muller
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emine Berber
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
| | - Gaetan Lutzweiler
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron, Strasbourg, France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- IPCMS, Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMRS 7504, Strasbourg, France
| | - Mounib Bahri
- IPCMS, Institut de Physique et de Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, CNRS-UMRS 7504, Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Lavalle
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
| | - Vincent Ball
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nihal E. Vrana
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
- Spartha Medical, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Barthes
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM UMR 1121 “Biomaterials and Bioengineering”, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Meloni BP, Chen Y, Harrison KA, Nashed JY, Blacker DJ, South SM, Anderton RS, Mastaglia FL, Winterborn A, Knuckey NW, Cook DJ. Poly-Arginine Peptide-18 (R18) Reduces Brain Injury and Improves Functional Outcomes in a Nonhuman Primate Stroke Model. Neurotherapeutics 2020; 17:627-634. [PMID: 31833045 PMCID: PMC7283416 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-019-00809-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly-arginine peptide-18 (R18) is neuroprotective in different rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke models. In this study, we examined whether R18 treatment could reduce ischemic brain injury and improve functional outcome in a nonhuman primate (NHP) stroke model. A stroke was induced in male cynomolgus macaques by MCAO distal to the orbitofrontal branch of the MCA through a right pterional craniotomy, using a 5-mm titanium aneurysm clip for 90 min. R18 (1000 nmol/kg) or saline vehicle was administered intravenously 60 min after the onset of MCAO. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI; perfusion-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, or T2-weighted imaging) of the brain was performed 15 min, 24 h, and 28 days post-MCAO, and neurological outcome was assessed using the NHP stroke scale (NHPSS). Experimental endpoint was 28 days post-MCAO, treatments were randomized, and all procedures were performed blinded to treatment status. R18 treatment reduced infarct lesion volume by up to 65.2% and 69.7% at 24 h and 28 days poststroke, respectively. Based on NHPSS scores, R18-treated animals displayed reduced functional deficits. This study confirms the effectiveness of R18 in reducing the severity of ischemic brain injury and improving functional outcomes after stroke in a NHP model, and provides further support for its clinical development as a stroke neuroprotective therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Yining Chen
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen A Harrison
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joseph Y Nashed
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J Blacker
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Department of Neurology, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Samantha M South
- Office of Research Enterprise, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ryan S Anderton
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Heath Sciences, and Institute for Health Research, The University Notre Dame Australia, Fremantle, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Winterborn
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Douglas J Cook
- Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Queen's University Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meloni BP, Mastaglia FL, Knuckey NW. Cationic Arginine-Rich Peptides (CARPs): A Novel Class of Neuroprotective Agents With a Multimodal Mechanism of Action. Front Neurol 2020; 11:108. [PMID: 32158425 PMCID: PMC7052017 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There are virtually no clinically available neuroprotective drugs for the treatment of acute and chronic neurological disorders, hence there is an urgent need for the development of new neuroprotective molecules. Cationic arginine-rich peptides (CARPs) are an expanding and relatively novel class of compounds, which possess intrinsic neuroprotective properties. Intriguingly, CARPs possess a combination of biological properties unprecedented for a neuroprotective agent including the ability to traverse cell membranes and enter the CNS, antagonize calcium influx, target mitochondria, stabilize proteins, inhibit proteolytic enzymes, induce pro-survival signaling, scavenge toxic molecules, and reduce oxidative stress as well as, having a range of anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-microbial, and anti-cancer actions. CARPs have also been used as carrier molecules for the delivery of other putative neuroprotective agents across the blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier. However, there is increasing evidence that the neuroprotective efficacy of many, if not all these other agents delivered using a cationic arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide (CCPPs) carrier (e.g., TAT) may actually be mediated largely by the properties of the carrier molecule, with overall efficacy further enhanced according to the amino acid composition of the cargo peptide, in particular its arginine content. Therefore, in reviewing the neuroprotective mechanisms of action of CARPs we also consider studies using CCPPs fused to a putative neuroprotective peptide. We review the history of CARPs in neuroprotection and discuss in detail the intrinsic biological properties that may contribute to their cytoprotective effects and their usefulness as a broad-acting class of neuroprotective drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno P Meloni
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Frank L Mastaglia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Neville W Knuckey
- Department of Neurosurgery, QEII Medical Centre, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Centre for Neuromuscular and Neurological Disorders, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|