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Nwosu E, Makwambeni P, Herstad SH, Etsebeth H, Hendricks G, Aguiar A, Alaba O, Blanchard L, Fismen AS, Lien N, Harbron J. Longitudinal relationship between adolescents' mental health, energy balance-related behavior, and anthropometric changes. Obes Rev 2023; 24 Suppl 2:e13629. [PMID: 37753607 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) are considered the immediate causes of adolescents' body weight increases, but adolescents have identified mental health as a contributor. Cross-sectional studies have reported associations between adolescents' mental health and obesity, but causal relationships and the role of EBRBs within this can only be established using longitudinal studies. This systematic review summarizes the findings of longitudinal studies investigating this relationship, in addition to the role of EBRB in the relationship. Multiple electronic databases were searched for longitudinal studies using keywords related to the adolescent population, mental health, EBRB, and body weight. In total, 1216 references were identified and screened based on previously defined eligibility criteria. Sixteen articles met the inclusion criteria. Most studies indicated that mental health-related measures like depression, anxiety, and body dissatisfaction were related to an increase in body weight later. As this review is focused on behavioral mediators, six studies reported associations between mental health-anthropometry dyad and EBRBs such as eating habits, screen time, physical activity, and sleep-as well as stressors like peer victimization. Future studies may focus on streamlining mental health measures and body weight outcomes to assess this relationship. Furthermore, more longitudinal investigations are needed to provide insight into the role of EBRBs in the mental health-body weight relationship during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Nwosu
- Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Human Biology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- The Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Patricia Makwambeni
- Bongani Mayosi Health Sciences Library, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sondre Haugsbø Herstad
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hanli Etsebeth
- Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Human Biology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gaironeesa Hendricks
- Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Human Biology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Anaely Aguiar
- System Dynamics Group, Department of Geography, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Olufunke Alaba
- Health Economics Unit, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Laurence Blanchard
- Faculty of Public Health Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Anne-Siri Fismen
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nanna Lien
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janetta Harbron
- Research Centre for Health through Physical Activity, Lifestyle and Sport (HPALS), Human Biology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Moderating Effects of Parental Feeding Practices and Emotional Eating on Dietary Intake among Overweight African American Adolescents. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13061920. [PMID: 34204927 PMCID: PMC8229013 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of parental feeding practices and adolescent emotional eating (EE) on dietary outcomes among overweight African American adolescents. Based on Family Systems Theory, it was hypothesized that parental feeding practices, such as parental monitoring and responsibility, would buffer the effects of EE on poor dietary quality, whereas practices such as concern about a child’s weight, restriction, and pressure-to-eat would exacerbate this relationship. Adolescents (N = 127; Mage = 12.83 ± 1.74; MBMI% = 96.61 ± 4.14) provided baseline data from the Families Improving Together (FIT) for Weight Loss trial and an ancillary study. Dietary outcomes (fruit and vegetables (F&Vs), energy intake, sweetened beverage, total fat, and saturated fat) were assessed using random 24-h dietary recalls. Validated surveys were used to assess adolescent-reported EE and parental feeding practices. Results demonstrated a significant interaction between EE and parental monitoring (adjusted analyses; B = 0.524, SE = 0.176, p = 0.004), restriction (B = −0.331, SE = 0.162, p = 0.043), and concern (B = −0.602, SE = 0.171, p = 0.001) on F&V intake; under high monitoring, low restriction, and low concern, EE was positively associated with F&V intake. There were no significant effects for the other dietary outcomes. These findings indicate that parental feeding practices and EE may be important factors to consider for dietary interventions, specifically for F&V intake, among overweight African American adolescents.
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