1
|
Lin J, Wang X, Gu M, Chen Y, Xu J, Chau NV, Li J, Ji X, Chu Q, Qing L, Wu W. Geniposide ameliorates atherosclerosis by restoring lipophagy via suppressing PARP1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155617. [PMID: 38614041 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of global death, which manifests as arterial lipid stack and plaque formation. Geniposide is an iridoid glycoside extract from Gardenia jasminoides J.Ellis that ameliorates AS by mediating autophagy. However, how Geniposide regulates autophagy and treats AS remains unclear. PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and mechanism of Geniposide in treating AS. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Geniposide was administered to high-fat diet-fed ApoE-/- mice and oxidized low-density lipoprotein-incubated primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). AS was evaluated with arterial lipid stack, plaque progression, and collagen loss in the artery. Foam cell formation was detected by lipid accumulation, inflammation, apoptosis, and the expression of foam cell markers. The mechanism of Geniposide in treating AS was assessed using network pharmacology. Lipophagy was measured by lysosomal activity, expression of lipophagy markers, and the co-localization of lipids and lipophagy markers. The effects of lipophagy were blocked using Chloroquine. The role of PARP1 was assessed by Olaparib (a PARP1 inhibitor) intervention and PARP1 overexpression. RESULTS In vivo, Geniposide reversed high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia, plaque progression, and inflammation. In vitro, Geniposide inhibited VSMC-derived foam cell formation by suppressing lipid stack, apoptosis, and the expressions of foam cell markers. Network pharmacological analysis and in vitro validation suggested that Geniposide treated AS by enhancing lipophagy via suppressing the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The benefits of Geniposide in alleviating AS were offset by Chloroquine in vivo and in vitro. Inhibiting PARP1 using Olaparib promoted lipophagy and alleviated AS progression, while PARP1 overexpression exacerbated foam cell formation and lipophagy blockage. The above effects of PARP1 were weakened by PI3K inhibitor LY294002. PARP1 also inhibited the combination of the ABCG1 and PLIN1. CONCLUSION Geniposide alleviated AS by restoring PARP1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway-suppressed lipophagy. This study is the first to present the lipophagy-inducing effect of Geniposide and the binding of ABCG1 and PLIN1 inhibited by PARP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhai Lin
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Mingyang Gu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Qinchengda Community Health Service Center, Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Group, No. 225, Block 10A, Qinchengda Yueyuan Commercial and Residential Building, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiongbo Xu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Nhi Van Chau
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Traditional Medicine Department, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 179 Nguyen Van Cu Street, An Khanh, Ninh Kieu, Can Tho, Viet Nam
| | - Junlong Li
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaodong Ji
- The Department of Emergency, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingmin Chu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijin Qing
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Jichang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kang N, Tan J, Yan S, Lin L, Gao Q. General autophagy-dependent and -independent lipophagic processes collaborate to regulate the overall level of lipophagy in yeast. Autophagy 2024; 20:1523-1536. [PMID: 38425021 PMCID: PMC11210923 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2024.2325297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
ABBREVIATION AP: autophagosome; ATG: autophagy related; CMA: chaperone-mediated autophagy; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; FA: fatty acid; LD: lipid droplet; Ld microdomains: liquid-disordered microdomains; NL: neutral lipid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na Kang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinling Tan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Sisi Yan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leiying Lin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Molecular Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilson VD, Bommart S, Passerieux E, Thomas C, Pincemail J, Picot MC, Mercier J, Portet F, Arbogast S, Laoudj-Chenivesse D. Muscle strength, quantity and quality and muscle fat quantity and their association with oxidative stress in patients with facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy: Effect of antioxidant supplementation. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 219:112-126. [PMID: 38574978 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify causes of quadriceps muscle weakness in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). To this aim, we evaluated quadriceps muscle and fat volumes by magnetic resonance imaging and their relationships with muscle strength and oxidative stress markers in adult patients with FSHD (n = 32) and healthy controls (n = 7), and the effect of antioxidant supplementation in 20 of the 32 patients with FSHD (n = 10 supplementation and n = 10 placebo) (NCT01596803). Compared with healthy controls, the dominant quadriceps strength and quality (muscle strength per unit of muscle volume) were decreased in patients with FSHD. In addition, fat volume was increased, without changes in total muscle volume. Moreover, in patients with FSHD, the lower strength of the non-dominant quadriceps was associated with lower muscle quality compared with the dominant muscle. Antioxidant supplementation significantly changed muscle and fat volumes in the non-dominant quadriceps, and muscle quality in the dominant quadriceps. This was associated with improved muscle strength (both quadriceps) and antioxidant response. These findings suggest that quadriceps muscle strength decline may not be simply explained by atrophy and may be influenced also by the muscle intrinsic characteristics. As FSHD is associated with increased oxidative stress, supplementation might reduce oxidative stress and increase antioxidant defenses, promoting changes in muscle function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Dias Wilson
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Centro Universitário Estácio de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Sébastien Bommart
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Radiology, CHU of Montpellier, Arnaud de Villeneuve Hospital, 34090, Montpellier, France.
| | - Emilie Passerieux
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Claire Thomas
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; LBEPS, Univ Evry, IRBA, University Paris Saclay, 91025, Evry, France.
| | - Joël Pincemail
- Department of CREDEC, Department of Medical Chemistry, University Hospital of Liege, Sart Tilman, Liege, Belgium.
| | - Marie Christine Picot
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University Hospital, Montpellier, France; CIC 1001-INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Jacques Mercier
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Florence Portet
- Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France; U1061 INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier University, France.
| | - Sandrine Arbogast
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France.
| | - Dalila Laoudj-Chenivesse
- PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Department of Clinical Physiology, CHU of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fan Z, Zhang Y, Fang Y, Zhong H, Wei T, Akhtar H, Zhang J, Yang M, Li Y, Zhou X, Sun Z, Wang J. Polystyrene nanoplastics induce lipophagy via the AMPK/ULK1 pathway and block lipophagic flux leading to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134878. [PMID: 38897115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nanoplastic pollution has emerged as a significant global concern due to their extensive presence in the environment and potential adverse effects on human health. Nanoplastics can enter the human circulatory system and accumulate in the liver, disrupting hepatic metabolism and causing hepatotoxicity. However, the precise mechanism remains uncertain. Lipophagy is an alternative mechanism of lipid metabolism involving autophagy. This study aims to explore how polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) influence lipid metabolism in hepatocytes via lipophagy. Initially, it was found that PSNPs were internalized by human hepatocytes, resulting in decreased cell viability. PSNPs were found to induce the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs), with autophagy inhibition exacerbating this accumulation. Then, PSNPs were proved to activate lipophagy by recruiting LDs into autophagosomes and block the lipophagic flux by impairing lysosomal function, inhibiting LD degradation. Ultimately, PSNPs were shown to activate lipophagy through the AMPK/ULK1 pathway, and knocking down AMPK exacerbated lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Overall, these results indicated that PSNPs triggered lipophagy via the AMPK/ULK1 pathway and blocked lipophagic flux, leading to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes. Thus, this study identifies a novel mechanism underlying nanoplastic-induced lipid accumulation, providing a foundation for the toxicity study and risk assessments of nanoplastics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuying Fan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yukang Zhang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taiyuan 030012, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuting Fang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huiyuan Zhong
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Tingting Wei
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Huraira Akhtar
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiahuai Zhang
- Center for Clinical Laboratory, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Man Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang YY, Wang JX, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Luo Y, Du ZY. Pparα activation stimulates autophagic flux through lipid catabolism-independent route. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:1141-1155. [PMID: 38401031 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a cellular process that involves the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes to degrade damaged proteins or organelles. Triglycerides are hydrolyzed by autophagy, releasing fatty acids for energy through mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO). Inhibited mitochondrial FAO induces autophagy, establishing a crosstalk between lipid catabolism and autophagy. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα), a transcription factor, stimulates lipid catabolism genes, including fatty acid transport and mitochondrial FAO, while also inducing autophagy through transcriptional regulation of transcription factor EB (TFEB). Therefore, the study explores whether PPARα regulates autophagy through TFEB transcriptional control or mitochondrial FAO. In aquaculture, addressing liver lipid accumulation in fish is crucial. Investigating the link between lipid catabolism and autophagy is significant for devising lipid-lowering strategies and maintaining fish health. The present study investigated the impact of dietary fenofibrate and L-carnitine on autophagy by activating Pparα and enhancing FAO in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), respectively. The dietary fenofibrate and L-carnitine reduced liver lipid content and enhanced ATP production, particularly fenofibrate. FAO enhancement by L-carnitine showed no changes in autophagic protein levels and autophagic flux. Moreover, fenofibrate-activated Pparα promoted the expression and nuclear translocation of Tfeb, upregulating autophagic initiation and lysosomal biogenesis genes. Pparα activation exhibited an increasing trend of LC3II protein at the basal autophagy and cumulative p62 protein trends after autophagy inhibition in zebrafish liver cells. These data show that Pparα activation-induced autophagic flux should be independent of lipid catabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Yu Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun-Xian Wang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cinato M, Andersson L, Miljanovic A, Laudette M, Kunduzova O, Borén J, Levin MC. Role of Perilipins in Oxidative Stress-Implications for Cardiovascular Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:209. [PMID: 38397807 PMCID: PMC10886189 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants in a cell. In the heart, oxidative stress may deteriorate calcium handling, cause arrhythmia, and enhance maladaptive cardiac remodeling by the induction of hypertrophic and apoptotic signaling pathways. Consequently, dysregulated ROS production and oxidative stress have been implicated in numerous cardiac diseases, including heart failure, cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury, cardiac hypertrophy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Lipid droplets (LDs) are conserved intracellular organelles that enable the safe and stable storage of neutral lipids within the cytosol. LDs are coated with proteins, perilipins (Plins) being one of the most abundant. In this review, we will discuss the interplay between oxidative stress and Plins. Indeed, LDs and Plins are increasingly being recognized for playing a critical role beyond energy metabolism and lipid handling. Numerous reports suggest that an essential purpose of LD biogenesis is to alleviate cellular stress, such as oxidative stress. Given the yet unmet suitability of ROS as targets for the intervention of cardiovascular disease, the endogenous antioxidant capacity of Plins may be beneficial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Cinato
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Linda Andersson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Azra Miljanovic
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Marion Laudette
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases (I2MC), National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) 1297, Toulouse III University—Paul Sabatier, 31432 Toulouse, France;
| | - Jan Borén
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| | - Malin C. Levin
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine/Wallenberg Laboratory, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.); (L.A.); (A.M.); (M.L.); (J.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tu WJ, Zhang YH, Wang XT, Zhang M, Jiang KY, Jiang S. Osteocalcin activates lipophagy via the ADPN-AMPK/PPARα-mTOR signaling pathway in chicken embryonic hepatocyte. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103293. [PMID: 38070403 PMCID: PMC10757024 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Fatty liver hemorrhage syndrome (FLHS) is the leading cause of noninfectious mortality in caged layers worldwide. Osteocalcin (OCN) is a protein secreted by osteoblasts, and its undercarboxylated form (ucOCN) acts as a multifunctional hormone that protects laying hens from FLHS. Lipophagy is a form of selective autophagy that breaks down lipid droplets (LDs) through lysosomes, and defective lipophagy is associated with FLHS. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ucOCN on the lipophagy of chicken embryonic hepatocytes and associated the function of the adiponectin (ADPN) signaling pathway. In this study, chicken embryonic hepatocytes were divided into 5 groups: control (CONT), fat emulsion (FE, 10% FE, v/v), FE with ucOCN at 1 ng/mL (FE-LOCN), 3 ng/mL (FE-MOCN), and 9 ng/mL (FE-HOCN). In addition, 4 μM AdipoRon, an adiponectin receptor agonist, was used to investigate the function of ADPN. The results showed that compared with CONT group, FE promoted the levels of phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR) (P < 0.05) and decreased the mRNA expression of ADNP receptors (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). Compared with FE group, 3 and 9 ng/mL ucOCN inhibited the levels of autophagy adaptor p62 and p-mTOR (P < 0.05), increased the ratios of LC3-II/LC3-I (P < 0.05) and phosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK)/AMPK (P < 0.05), as well as the levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPAR-α) and ADPN (P < 0.05). In addition, ucOCN at the tested concentrations increased the colocalization of LC3 and LDs in fatty hepatocytes. Administrated 4 μM AdipoRon activated AdipoR1 and AidpoR2 mRNA expression (P < 0.05), decreased the concentrations of triglyceride (P < 0.05), without effects on cell viability (P > 0.05). AdipoRon also increased the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio (P < 0.05) and the levels of p-AMPK/AMPK and PPAR-α (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the results reveal that ucOCN regulates lipid metabolism by activating lipophagy via the ADPN-AMPK/PPARα-mTOR signaling pathway in chicken embryonic hepatocytes. The results may provide new insights for controlling FLHS in laying hens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W J Tu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - X T Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - M Zhang
- Sichuan Sanhe College of Professionals, Sichuan, China
| | - K Y Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - S Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tailor A, Bhatla SC. Polyamine depletion enhances oil body mobilization through possible regulation of oleosin degradation and aquaporin abundance on its membrane. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2217027. [PMID: 37243675 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2023.2217027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Oil body (OB) mobilization, a crucial event associated with early seedling growth, is delayed in response to salt stress. Previous reports suggest that careful regulation of polyamine (PA) metabolism is essential for salt stress tolerance in plants. Many aspects of PA-mediated regulation of metabolism have been uncovered. However, their role in the process of OB mobilization remains unexplored. Interestingly, the present investigations reveal a possible influence of PA homeostasis on OB mobilization, while implicating complex regulation of oleosin degradation and aquaporin abundance in OB membranes in the process. Application of PA inhibitors resulted in the accumulation of smaller OBs when compared to control (-NaCl) and the salt-stressed counterparts, suggesting a faster rate of mobilization. PA deficit also resulted in reduced retention of some larger oleosins under controlled conditions but enhanced retention of all oleosins under salt stress. Additionally, with respect to aquaporins, a higher abundance of PIP2 under PA deficit both under control and saline conditions, is correlated with a faster mobilization of OBs. Contrarily, TIP1s, and TIP2s remained almost undetectable in response to PA depletion and were differentially regulated by salt stress. The present work, thus, provides novel insights into PA homeostasis-mediated regulation of OB mobilization, oleosin degradation, and aquaporin abundance on OB membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Tailor
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Miklaszewska M, Zienkiewicz K, Klugier-Borowska E, Rygielski M, Feussner I, Zienkiewicz A. CALEOSIN 1 interaction with AUTOPHAGY-RELATED PROTEIN 8 facilitates lipid droplet microautophagy in seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 193:2361-2380. [PMID: 37619984 PMCID: PMC10663143 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) of seed tissues are storage organelles for triacylglycerols (TAGs) that provide the energy and carbon for seedling establishment. In the major route of LD degradation (lipolysis), TAGs are mobilized by lipases. However, LDs may also be degraded via lipophagy, a type of selective autophagy, which mediates LD delivery to vacuoles or lysosomes. The exact mechanisms of LD degradation and the mobilization of their content in plants remain unresolved. Here, we provide evidence that LDs are degraded via a process morphologically resembling microlipophagy in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seedlings. We observed the entry and presence of LDs in the central vacuole as well as their breakdown. Moreover, we show co-localization of AUTOPHAGY-RELATED PROTEIN 8b (ATG8b) and LDs during seed germination and localization of lipidated ATG8 (ATG8-PE) to the LD fraction. We further demonstrate that structural LD proteins from the caleosin family, CALEOSIN 1 (CLO1), CALEOSIN 2 (CLO2), and CALEOSIN 3 (CLO3), interact with ATG8 proteins and possess putative ATG8-interacting motifs (AIMs). Deletion of the AIM localized directly before the proline knot disrupts the interaction of CLO1 with ATG8b, suggesting a possible role of this region in the interaction between these proteins. Collectively, we provide insights into LD degradation by microlipophagy in germinating seeds with a particular focus on the role of structural LD proteins in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Miklaszewska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, Gdańsk 80-308, Poland
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Zienkiewicz
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Ewa Klugier-Borowska
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Marcin Rygielski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Service Unit for Metabolomics and Lipidomics, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Goettingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Zienkiewicz
- Department for Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute for Plant Sciences, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, Goettingen 37077, Germany
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hao K, Wang J, Yu H, Chen L, Zeng W, Wang Z, Hu G. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Regulates Lipid Metabolism in Sheep Trophoblast Cells through mTOR Pathway-Mediated Autophagy. PPAR Res 2023; 2023:6422804. [PMID: 38020065 PMCID: PMC10651342 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6422804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) is a key nuclear receptor transcription factor that is highly expressed in trophoblastic cells during embryonic attachment and is accompanied by rapid cell proliferation and increased lipid accumulation. We previously showed that the autophagy pathway is activated in cells after activation of PPARγ, accompanied by increased lipid accumulation. In this study, we used PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone and inhibitor GW9662, as well as autophagy activator rapamycin and inhibitor 3-methyladenine, to unravel the probable mechanism of PPARγ engaged in lipid metabolism in sheep trophoblast cells (STCs). After 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h of drug treatment, the levels of autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot, the triglyceride content and MDA level of cells were detected by colorimetry, and the lipid droplets and lysosomes were localized by immunofluorescence. We found that PPARγ inhibited the activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in STCs for a certain period of time, promoted the increase of autophagy and lysosome formation, and enhanced the accumulation of lipid droplets and triglycerides. Compared with cells whose PPARγ function is activated, blocking autophagy before activating PPARγ will hinder lipid accumulation in STCs. Pretreatment of cells with rapamycin promoted autophagy with results similar to rosiglitazone treatment, while inhibition of autophagy with 3-methyladenine reduced lysosome and lipid accumulation. Based on these observations, we conclude that PPARγ can induce autophagy by blocking the mTOR pathway, thereby promoting the accumulation of lipid droplets and lysosomal degradation, providing an energy basis for the rapid proliferation of trophoblast cells during embryo implantation. In brief, this study partially revealed the molecular regulatory mechanism of PPARγ, mTOR pathway, and autophagy on trophoblast cell lipid metabolism, which provides a theoretical basis for further exploring the functional regulatory network of trophoblast cells during the attachment of sheep embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kexing Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production/Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production/Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Hengbin Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Weibin Zeng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Production/Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Guangdong Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qin Z, Wang T, Zhao Y, Ma C, Shao Q. Molecular Machinery of Lipid Droplet Degradation and Turnover in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16039. [PMID: 38003229 PMCID: PMC10671748 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles conserved across eukaryotes with a fascinating biogenesis and consumption cycle. Recent intensive research has focused on uncovering the cellular biology of LDs, with emphasis on their degradation. Briefly, two major pathways for LD degradation have been recognized: (1) lipolysis, in which lipid degradation is catalyzed by lipases on the LD surface, and (2) lipophagy, in which LDs are degraded by autophagy. Both of these pathways require the collective actions of several lipolytic and proteolytic enzymes, some of which have been purified and analyzed for their in vitro activities. Furthermore, several genes encoding these proteins have been cloned and characterized. In seed plants, seed germination is initiated by the hydrolysis of stored lipids in LDs to provide energy and carbon equivalents for the germinating seedling. However, little is known about the mechanism regulating the LD mobilization. In this review, we focus on recent progress toward understanding how lipids are degraded and the specific pathways that coordinate LD mobilization in plants, aiming to provide an accurate and detailed outline of the process. This will set the stage for future studies of LD dynamics and help to utilize LDs to their full potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Changle Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| | - Qun Shao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250358, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Borek S, Stefaniak S, Nuc K, Wojtyla Ł, Ratajczak E, Sitkiewicz E, Malinowska A, Świderska B, Wleklik K, Pietrowska-Borek M. Sugar Starvation Disrupts Lipid Breakdown by Inducing Autophagy in Embryonic Axes of Lupin ( Lupinus spp.) Germinating Seeds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11773. [PMID: 37511532 PMCID: PMC10380618 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Under nutrient deficiency or starvation conditions, the mobilization of storage compounds during seed germination is enhanced to primarily supply respiratory substrates and hence increase the potential of cell survival. Nevertheless, we found that, under sugar starvation conditions in isolated embryonic axes of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) and Andean lupin (Lupinus mutabilis Sweet) cultured in vitro for 96 h, the disruption of lipid breakdown occurs, as was reflected in the higher lipid content in the sugar-starved (-S) than in the sucrose-fed (+S) axes. We postulate that pexophagy (autophagic degradation of the peroxisome-a key organelle in lipid catabolism) is one of the reasons for the disruption in lipid breakdown under starvation conditions. Evidence of pexophagy can be: (i) the higher transcript level of genes encoding proteins of pexophagy machinery, and (ii) the lower content of the peroxisome marker Pex14p and its increase caused by an autophagy inhibitor (concanamycin A) in -S axes in comparison to the +S axes. Additionally, based on ultrastructure observation, we documented that, under sugar starvation conditions lipophagy (autophagic degradation of whole lipid droplets) may also occur but this type of selective autophagy seems to be restricted under starvation conditions. Our results also show that autophagy occurs at the very early stages of plant growth and development, including the cells of embryonic seed organs, and allows cell survival under starvation conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sławomir Borek
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Szymon Stefaniak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Nuc
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| | - Łukasz Wojtyla
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewelina Ratajczak
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035 Kórnik, Poland
| | - Ewa Sitkiewicz
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Malinowska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bianka Świderska
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Wleklik
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pietrowska-Borek
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hammoudeh N, Soukkarieh C, Murphy DJ, Hanano A. Mammalian lipid droplets: structural, pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological roles. Prog Lipid Res 2023; 91:101233. [PMID: 37156444 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mammalian lipid droplets (LDs) are specialized cytosolic organelles consisting of a neutral lipid core surrounded by a membrane made up of a phospholipid monolayer and a specific population of proteins that varies according to the location and function of each LD. Over the past decade, there have been significant advances in the understanding of LD biogenesis and functions. LDs are now recognized as dynamic organelles that participate in many aspects of cellular homeostasis plus other vital functions. LD biogenesis is a complex, highly-regulated process with assembly occurring on the endoplasmic reticulum although aspects of the underpinning molecular mechanisms remain elusive. For example, it is unclear how many enzymes participate in the biosynthesis of the neutral lipid components of LDs and how this process is coordinated in response to different metabolic cues to promote or suppress LD formation and turnover. In addition to enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of neutral lipids, various scaffolding proteins play roles in coordinating LD formation. Despite their lack of ultrastructural diversity, LDs in different mammalian cell types are involved in a wide range of biological functions. These include roles in membrane homeostasis, regulation of hypoxia, neoplastic inflammatory responses, cellular oxidative status, lipid peroxidation, and protection against potentially toxic intracellular fatty acids and lipophilic xenobiotics. Herein, the roles of mammalian LDs and their associated proteins are reviewed with a particular focus on their roles in pathological, immunological and anti-toxicological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Hammoudeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, CF37 1DL, Wales, United Kingdom..
| | - Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), P.O. Box 6091, Damascus, Syria..
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao J, Wang Y, Liu Q, Liu S, Pan H, Cheng Y, Long C. The GRAS Salts of Na 2SiO 3 and EDTA-Na 2 Control Citrus Postharvest Pathogens by Disrupting the Cell Membrane. Foods 2023; 12:2368. [PMID: 37372585 DOI: 10.3390/foods12122368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na2) are inorganic salts classified as 'Generally Recognized as Safe' (GRAS) compounds with great advantages in controlling various pathogens of postharvest fruits and vegetables. Here, we determined the median effective concentration (EC50) of Na2SiO3 (0.06%, 0.05%, 0.07% and 0.08%) and EDTA-Na2 (0.11%, 0.08%, 0.5%, and 0.07%) against common pathogens affecting postharvest citrus fruit, including Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium italicum, Geotrichum citri-aurantii, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Na2SiO3 and EDTA-Na2 treatments at the EC50 decreased the spore germination rate, visibly disrupted the spore cell membrane integrity, and significantly increased the lipid droplets (LDs) of the four postharvest pathogens. Moreover, both treatments at EC50 significantly reduced the disease incidence of P. italicum (by 60% and 93.335, respectively) and G. citri-aurantii (by 50% and 76.67%, respectively) relative to the control. Furthermore, Na2SiO3 and EDTA-Na2 treatment resulted in dramatically lower disease severity of the four pathogens, while also demonstrating no significant change in citrus fruit quality compared with the control. Therefore, Na2SiO3 and EDTA-Na2 present a promising approach to control the postharvest diseases of citrus fruit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qianyi Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shuqi Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hui Pan
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yunjiang Cheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chaoan Long
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, National R&D Center for Citrus Preservation, National Centre of Citrus Breeding, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Janikiewicz J, Dobosz AM, Majzner K, Bernas T, Dobrzyn A. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 deficiency exacerbates palmitate-induced lipotoxicity by the formation of small lipid droplets in pancreatic β-cells. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166711. [PMID: 37054998 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The accelerating accumulation of surplus lipids in the pancreas triggers structural and functional changes in type 2 diabetes-affected islets. Pancreatic β-cells exhibit a restricted capacity to store fat reservoirs in lipid droplets (LDs), which act as transient buffers to prevent lipotoxic stress. With the increasing incidence of obesity, growing interest has been seen in the intracellular regulation of LD metabolism for β-cell function. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is critical for producing unsaturated fatty acyl moieties for fluent storage into and out of LDs, likely affecting the overall rate of β-cell survival. We explored LD-associated composition and remodeling in SCD1-deprived INS-1E cells and in pancreatic islets in wildtype and SCD1-/- mice in the lipotoxic milieu. Deficiency in the enzymatic activity of SCD1 led to decrease in the size and number of LDs and the lower accumulation of neutral lipids. This occurred in parallel with a higher compactness and lipid order inside LDs, followed by changes in the saturation status and composition of fatty acids within core lipids and the phospholipid coat. The lipidome of LDs was enriched in 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6 in β-cells and pancreatic islets. These rearrangements markedly contributed to differences in protein association with the LD surface. Our findings highlight an unexpected molecular mechanism by which SCD1 activity affects the morphology, composition and metabolism of LDs. We demonstrate that SCD1-dependent disturbances in LD enrichment can impact proper pancreatic β-cells and islet functioning, which may have considerable therapeutic value for the management of type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Janikiewicz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta M Dobosz
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Majzner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland; Jagiellonian University, Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Cracow, Poland
| | - Tytus Bernas
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, USA
| | - Agnieszka Dobrzyn
- Laboratory of Cell Signaling and Metabolic Disorders, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yang Q, Nie Z, Zhu Y, Hao M, Liu S, Ding X, Wang F, Wang F, Geng X. Inhibition of TRF2 Leads to Ferroptosis, Autophagic Death, and Apoptosis by Causing Telomere Dysfunction. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2023; 2023:6897268. [PMID: 37113742 PMCID: PMC10129434 DOI: 10.1155/2023/6897268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive malignancy with a high mortality rate and poor prognosis. Telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 (TRF2) is a critical telomere protection protein. Emerging evidence indicates that TRF2 may be an essential treatment option for GC; however, the exact mechanism remains largely unknown. Objective We aimed to explore the role of TRF2 in GC cells. The function and molecular mechanisms of TRF2 in the pathogenesis of GC were mainly discussed in this study. Methods Relevant data from GEPIA and TCGA databases regarding TRF2 gene expression and its prognostic significance in GC samples were analyzed. Analysis of 53BP1 foci at telomeres by immunofluorescence, metaphase spreads, and telomere-specific FISH analysis was carried out to explore telomere damage and dysfunction after TRF2 depletion. CCK8 cell proliferation, trypan blue staining, and colony formation assay were performed to evaluate cell survival. Apoptosis and cell migration were determined with flow cytometry and scratch-wound healing assay, respectively. qRT-PCR and Western blotting were carried out to analyze the mRNA and protein expression levels after TRF2 depletion on apoptosis, autophagic death, and ferroptosis. Results By searching with GEPIA and TCGA databases, the results showed that the expression levels of TRF2 were obviously elevated in the samples of GC patients, which was associated with adverse prognosis. Knockdown of TRF2 suppressed the cell growth, proliferation, and migration in GC cells, causing significant telomere dysfunction. Apoptosis, autophagic death, and ferroptosis were also triggered in this process. The pretreatment of chloroquine (autophagy inhibitor) and ferrostatin-1 (ferroptosis inhibitor) improved the survival phenotypes of GC cells. Conclusion Our data suggest that TRF2 depletion can inhibit cell growth, proliferation, and migration through the combined action of ferroptosis, autophagic death, and apoptosis in GC cells. The results indicate that TRF2 might be used as a potential target to develop therapeutic strategies for treating GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuhui Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ziyang Nie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yukun Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province 236000, China
| | - Mingying Hao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xuelu Ding
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University, General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xin Geng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Metabolic recycling of storage lipids promotes squalene biosynthesis in yeast. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:108. [PMID: 36224649 PMCID: PMC9555684 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic rewiring in microbes is an economical and sustainable strategy for synthesizing valuable natural terpenes. Terpenes are the largest class of nature-derived specialized metabolites, and many have valuable pharmaceutical or biological activity. Squalene, a medicinal terpene, is used as a vaccine adjuvant to improve the efficacy of vaccines, including pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, and plays diverse biological roles as an antioxidant and anticancer agent. However, metabolic rewiring interferes with inherent metabolic pathways, often in a way that impairs the cellular growth and fitness of the microbial host. In particular, as the key starting molecule for producing various compounds including squalene, acetyl-CoA is involved in numerous biological processes with tight regulation to maintain metabolic homeostasis, which limits redirection of metabolic fluxes toward desired products. RESULTS In this study, focusing on the recycling of surplus metabolic energy stored in lipid droplets, we show that the metabolic recycling of the surplus energy to acetyl-CoA can increase squalene production in yeast, concomitant with minimizing the metabolic interferences in inherent pathways. Moreover, by integrating multiple copies of the rate-limiting enzyme and implementing N-degron-dependent protein degradation to downregulate the competing pathway, we systematically rewired the metabolic flux toward squalene, enabling remarkable squalene production (1024.88 mg/L in a shake flask). Ultimately, further optimization of the fed-batch fermentation process enabled remarkable squalene production of 6.53 g/L. CONCLUSIONS Our demonstration of squalene production via engineered yeast suggests that plant- or animal-based supplies of medicinal squalene can potentially be complemented or replaced by industrial fermentation. This approach will also provide a universal strategy for the more stable and sustainable production of high-value terpenes.
Collapse
|
18
|
Curative activity of KCl treatments to control citrus sour rot. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
19
|
Suh MC, Uk Kim H, Nakamura Y. Plant lipids: trends and beyond. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2715-2720. [PMID: 35560206 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mi Chung Suh
- Department of Life Science, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science (CSRS), Yokohama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|