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Schrauf GE, Voda L, Zelada AM, García AM, Giordano A, Roa PP, Guitian J, Rebori J, Ghio S, Couso L, Castro L, Musacchio E, Rush P, Nagel J, Wang ZY, Cogan N, Spangenberg G. Development of Protocols for Regeneration and Transformation of Apomitic and Sexual Forms of Dallisgrass ( Paspalum dilatatum Poir.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:787549. [PMID: 35281698 PMCID: PMC8914168 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.787549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Paspalum dilatatum (common name dallisgrass), a productive C4 grass native to South America, is an important pasture grass found throughout the temperate warm regions of the world. It is characterized by its tolerance to frost and water stress and a higher forage quality than other C4 forage grasses. P. dilatatum includes tetraploid (2n = 40), sexual, and pentaploid (2n = 50) apomictic forms, but is predominantly cultivated in an apomictic monoculture, which implies a high risk that biotic and abiotic stresses could seriously affect the grass productivity. The obtention of reproducible and efficient protocols of regeneration and transformation are valuable tools to obtain genetic modified grasses with improved agronomics traits. In this review, we present the current regeneration and transformation methods of both apomictic and sexual cultivars of P. dilatatum, discuss their strengths and limitations, and focus on the perspectives of genetic modification for producing new generation of forages. The advances in this area of research lead us to consider Paspalum dilatatum as a model species for the molecular improvement of C4 perennial forage species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo E. Schrauf
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lisandro Voda
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- BASF Argentina S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia M. Zelada
- Laboratorio de Agrobiotecnología, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana María García
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Andrea Giordano
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Peralta Roa
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Guitian
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan Rebori
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sergio Ghio
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Couso
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lautaro Castro
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Musacchio
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Rush
- Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Criadero “Cultivos del Sur” FAUBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jutta Nagel
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Zeng Yu Wang
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Noel Cogan
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Germán Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Agriculture Victoria, Hamilton, VIC, Australia
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Orłowska R, Zimny J, Bednarek PT. Copper Ions Induce DNA Sequence Variation in Zygotic Embryo Culture-Derived Barley Regenerants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:614837. [PMID: 33613587 PMCID: PMC7889974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.614837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In vitro tissue culture could be exploited to study cellular mechanisms that induce sequence variation. Altering the metal ion composition of tissue culture medium affects biochemical pathways involved in tissue culture-induced variation. Copper ions are involved in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and Yang cycle. Copper ions may participate in oxidative mutations, which may contribute to DNA sequence variation. Silver ions compete with copper ions to bind to the complex IV subunit of the respiratory chain, thus affecting the Yang cycle and DNA methylation. The mechanisms underlying somaclonal variation are unknown. In this study, we evaluated embryo-derived barley regenerants obtained from a single double-haploid plant via embryo culture under varying copper and silver ion concentrations and different durations of in vitro culture. Morphological variation among regenerants and the donor plant was not evaluated. Methylation-sensitive Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis of DNA samples showed DNA methylation pattern variation in CG and CHG (H = A, C, or T) sequence contexts. Furthermore, modification of in vitro culture conditions explained DNA sequence variation, demethylation, and de novo methylation in the CHG context, as indicated by analysis of variance. Linear regression indicated that DNA sequence variation was related to de novo DNA methylation in the CHG context. Mediation analysis showed the role of copper ions as a mediator of sequence variation in the CHG context. No other contexts showed a significant sequence variation in mediation analysis. Silver ions did not act as a mediator between any methylation contexts and sequence variation. Thus, incorporating copper ions in the induction medium should be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Orłowska
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute–National Research Institute, Błonie, Poland
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Hisano H, Matsuura T, Mori IC, Yamane M, Sato K. Endogenous hormone levels affect the regeneration ability of callus derived from different organs in barley. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 99:66-72. [PMID: 26735586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Hordeum vulgare (barley) is an important agricultural crop worldwide. A simple and efficient transformation system is needed to analyze the functions of barley genes and generate lines with improved agronomic traits. Currently, Golden Promise and Igri are the most amenable barley cultivars for stable transformation. Here we evaluated the regeneration ratios and endogenous hormone levels of calli derived from various malting barley cultivars, including Golden Promise, Haruna Nijo, and Morex. We harvested samples not only from immature embryos, but also from different explants of juvenile plants, cotyledons, coleoptiles, and roots. The callus properties differed among genotypes and explant types. Calli derived from the immature embryos of Golden Promise, which showed the highest ratio of regeneration of green shoots, had the highest contents of indoleacetic acid, trans-zeatin, and cis-zeatin. By contrast, calli derived from the cotyledons of Morex and the immature embryos of Haruna Nijo had elevated levels of salicylic acid and abscisic acid, respectively. We thus propose that the former phytohormones are positively associated with the regeneration ability of callus but the later phytohormones are negatively associated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Hisano
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan.
| | - Takakazu Matsuura
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Izumi C Mori
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Miki Yamane
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sato
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, 2-20-1 Chuo, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-0046, Japan
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Şener O, Can E, Arslan M, Çeliş N. Effects of Genotype and Picloram Concentrations on Callus Induction and Plant Regeneration from Immature Inflorescence of Spring Barley Cultivars (Hordeum VulgareL.). BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2008.10817578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Kamenarova K, Gecheff K, Stoyanova M, Muhovski Y, Anzai H, Atanassov A. Production of Recombinant Human Lactoferin in Transgenic Barley. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2007.10817407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Rostami H, Giri A, Nejad ASM, Moslem A. Optimization of multiple shoot induction and plant regeneration in Indian barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars using mature embryos. Saudi J Biol Sci 2013; 20:251-5. [PMID: 23961242 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2013.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2013] [Accepted: 02/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Barley is the fourth most important crop in the world. Development of a regeneration system using immature embryos is both time consuming and laborious. The present study was initiated with a view to develop a regeneration system in six genotypes of Indian barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars as a prerequisite to transformation. The mature embryos were excised from seeds and cultured on MS medium supplemented with high and low concentrations of cytokinins and auxins respectively. The MS medium containing 3 mg/L N(6)-benzylaminopurine (BA) and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was found to be the most effective for multiple shoot formation in HOR7231 cultivar that could produce 12 shoots per explant. The other cultivars HOR4409 and HOR3844 produced a minimum number of adventitious shoots (1.33 and 1.67 respectively) on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L BA and 0.3 mg/L 2,4-D. The elongated shoots were separated and successfully rooted on MS medium containing 1 mg/L indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The response of different barley cultivars was found to be varying with respect to multiple shoot production. This is the first report of multiple shoot induction and plantlet regeneration in Indian cultivar of barley which would be useful for genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Rostami
- Center for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Temel A, Gozukirmizi N. Analysis of retrotransposition and DNA methylation in barley callus culture. ACTA BIOLOGICA HUNGARICA 2013; 64:86-95. [PMID: 23567833 DOI: 10.1556/abiol.64.2013.1.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Mature barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Zafer-160) embryos were cultured on callus induction medium (MS+ 4 mg l-1 Dicamba) for 30 days and embryogenic calli were transferred onto regeneration medium (MS+ 0.5 mg l-1 trans-zeatin riboside). Callus induction percentage was 67.2%; embryogenic callus induction percentage was 42.3% and their regeneration percentage was 63.8%. Retrotransposon movements and methylation alterations in 15-day-old, 30-day-old calli and 4-day-old barley seedling (control) were investigated with Inter-Retrotransposon Amplified Polymorphism (IRAP) and Methylation-Sensitive Restriction Fingerprinting (MSRF), respectively. IRAP patterns were quite monomorphic however MSRF indicated increase in cytosine methylation during callus formation. Changes in retroelement movements and methylation alterations were evaluated and discussed in the light of literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Temel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul University, Vezneciler, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Abstract
AbstractCereals are known to be recalcitrant to the induction of morphogenesis in vitro and the majority of the methods used are callus-mediated and species/genotype-dependent. In the present investigation, a method of morphogenesis induction from immature scutella of selected barley cultivars was used, and particular attention was paid to histology in the initial stages of the regeneration process in order to confirm whether it occurs directly or indirectly (via callus formation). The length of the period from inoculating scutella on the medium to obtaining plantlets depended on the cultivar and the individual scutellum of the barley and varied between 2.5–4 months. The regeneration efficiency and viability of barley scutella was revealed to be highly genotype dependent. The average number of regenerated plants per regenerating scutellum was highest in the case of cv Granal (3.7). A histological analysis of the cultured explants showed both non-morphogenic and morphogenic callus formation. Two types of indirect morphogenetic response were observed: organogenesis (shoot bud formation) and somatic embryogenesis. This is the first report concerning an analysis of in vitro regeneration from immature scutella of barley cultivars (Stratus, Ryton, Granal and Binal).
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Lee MB, Jeon WB, Kim DY, Bold O, Hong MJ, Lee YJ, Park JH, Seo YW. Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Brachypodium distachyon inbred line Bd21 with two binary vectors containing hygromycin resistance and GUS reporter genes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12892-011-0080-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Optimization of Barley Mature Embryo Regeneration and Comparison with Immature Embryos of Local Cultivars. NOVA BIOTECHNOLOGICA ET CHIMICA 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/v10296-012-0006-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Han Y, Jin XL, Wu FB, Zhang GP. Genotypic differences in callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2011; 12:399-407. [PMID: 21528495 PMCID: PMC3087097 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1000219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 10/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An efficient induction system and regeneration protocol based on mature barley embryos were developed. Embryos isolated from mature seeds, dehusked by hand and inoculated with longitudinally bisected sections, showed low contamination and high primary callus-forming capability. The influences of nine culture media on primary callus induction and germination from the mature embryos of barley cultivars Golden Promise and Zaoshu 3 were analyzed. The results showed that the two cultivars had much higher values of primary callus induction in the B16M6D medium as compared to the other eight medium formulations, with a frequency of 74.3% and 78.4% for Golden Promise and Zaoshu 3, respectively. Furthermore, Zaoshu 3 demonstrated particularly high stability in callus induction over the different media, indicating its potential utilization in callus induction and regeneration for its good agronomic traits and wide adaption. There were significant differences amongst 11 barley genotypes in terms of primary callus induction in the optimum medium, with percentages of callus induction and germination response ranging from 17.9% to 78.4% and 2.8% to 47.4%, respectively. Green plantlets of Dong 17, Golden Promise, and Zaoshu 3 were successfully developed from primary calli through embryogenesis, with green plant differentiation frequencies ranging from 9.7% to 21.0% across genotypes.
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Tanasienko IV, Yemets AI, Blume YB. Estimation of the callus formation and regeneration efficiency in spring varieties of barley zoned in Ukraine. CYTOL GENET+ 2009. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452709040021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Holme IB, Brinch-Pedersen H, Lange M, Holm PB. Transformation of different barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars by Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection of in vitro cultured ovules. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2008; 27:1833-40. [PMID: 18777178 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-008-0605-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 08/24/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Most cultivars of higher plants display poor regeneration capacity of explants due to yet unknown genotypic determined mechanisms. This implies that technologies such as transformation often are restricted to model cultivars with good tissue characteristics. In the present paper, we add further evidence to our previous hypothesis that regeneration from young barley embryos derived from in vitro-cultured ovules is genotype independent. We investigated the ovule culture ability of four cultivars Femina, Salome, Corniche and Alexis, known to have poor response in other types of tissue culture, and compared that to the data for the model cultivar, Golden Promise. Subsequently, we analyzed the transformation efficiencies of the four cultivars using the protocol for Agrobacterium infection of ovules, previously developed for Golden Promise. Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain AGL0, carrying the binary vector pVec8-GFP harboring a hygromycin resistance gene and the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene, was used for transformation. The results strongly indicate that the tissue culture response level in ovule culture is genotype independent. However, we did observe differences between cultivars with respect to frequencies of GFP-expressing embryos and frequencies of regeneration from the GFP-expressing embryos under hygromycin selection. The final frequencies of transformed plants per ovule were lower for the four cultivars than that for Golden Promise but the differences were not statistically significant. We conclude that ovule culture transformation can be used successfully to transform cultivars other than Golden Promise. Similar to that observed for Golden Promise, the ovule culture technique allows for the rapid and direct generation of high quality transgenic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Baeksted Holme
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Research Centre Flakkebjerg, University of Aarhus, 4200 Slagelse, Denmark.
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. MFS, . TPW. Regulation of Aspartate Transcarbamoylase Activity in Pseudomonas putida Biovar B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3923/jm.2008.331.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Shishkova S, García-Mendoza E, Castillo-Díaz V, Moreno NE, Arellano J, Dubrovsky JG. Regeneration of roots from callus reveals stability of the developmental program for determinate root growth in Sonoran Desert Cactaceae. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2007; 26:547-57. [PMID: 17136545 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-006-0269-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2006] [Revised: 10/02/2006] [Accepted: 10/23/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In some Sonoran Desert Cactaceae the primary root has a determinate root growth: the cells of the root apical meristem undergo only a few cell division cycles and then differentiate. The determinate growth of primary roots in Cactaceae was found in plants cultivated under various growth conditions, and could not be reverted by any treatment tested. The mechanisms involved in root meristem maintenance and determinate root growth in plants remain poorly understood. In this study, we have shown that roots regenerated from the callus of two Cactaceae species, Stenocereus gummosus and Ferocactus peninsulae, have a determinate growth pattern, similar to that of the primary root. To demonstrate this, a protocol for root regeneration from callus was established. The determinate growth pattern of roots regenerated from callus suggests that the program of root development is very stable in these species. These findings will permit future analysis of the role of certain Cactaceae genes in the determinate pattern of root growth via the regeneration of transgenic roots from transformed calli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Shishkova
- Departamento de Biología Molecular de Plantas, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A. P. 510-3, C. P. 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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