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Li K, Grauschopf C, Hedrich R, Dreyer I, Konrad KR. K + and pH homeostasis in plant cells is controlled by a synchronized K + /H + antiport at the plasma and vacuolar membrane. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1525-1542. [PMID: 38017688 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal movement involves ion transport across the plasma membrane (PM) and vacuolar membrane (VM) of guard cells. However, the coupling mechanisms of ion transporters in both membranes and their interplay with Ca2+ and pH changes are largely unclear. Here, we investigated transporter networks in tobacco guard cells and mesophyll cells using multiparametric live-cell ion imaging and computational simulations. K+ and anion fluxes at both, PM and VM, affected H+ and Ca2+ , as changes in extracellular KCl or KNO3 concentrations were accompanied by cytosolic and vacuolar pH shifts and changes in [Ca2+ ]cyt and the membrane potential. At both membranes, the K+ transporter networks mediated an antiport of K+ and H+ . By contrast, net transport of anions was accompanied by parallel H+ transport, with differences in transport capacity for chloride and nitrate. Guard and mesophyll cells exhibited similarities in K+ /H+ transport but cell type-specific differences in [H+ ]cyt and pH-dependent [Ca2+ ]cyt signals. Computational cell biology models explained mechanistically the properties of transporter networks and the coupling of transport across the PM and VM. Our integrated approach indicates fundamental principles of coupled ion transport at membrane sandwiches to control H+ /K+ homeostasis and points to transceptor-like Ca2+ /H+ -based ion signaling in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Li
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christina Grauschopf
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Faculty of Engineering, Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), University of Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Kai R Konrad
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, 97082, Wuerzburg, Germany
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2
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Kolupaev YE, Yastreb TO, Ryabchun NI, Yemets AI, Dmitriev OP, Blume YB. Cellular Mechanisms of the Formation of Plant Adaptive Responses to High Temperatures. CYTOL GENET+ 2023. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452723010048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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3
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Kuromori T, Fujita M, Takahashi F, Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki K, Shinozaki K. Inter-tissue and inter-organ signaling in drought stress response and phenotyping of drought tolerance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:342-358. [PMID: 34863007 PMCID: PMC9300012 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant response to drought stress includes systems for intracellular regulation of gene expression and signaling, as well as inter-tissue and inter-organ signaling, which helps entire plants acquire stress resistance. Plants sense water-deficit conditions both via the stomata of leaves and roots, and transfer water-deficit signals from roots to shoots via inter-organ signaling. Abscisic acid is an important phytohormone involved in the drought stress response and adaptation, and is synthesized mainly in vascular tissues and guard cells of leaves. In leaves, stress-induced abscisic acid is distributed to various tissues by transporters, which activates stomatal closure and expression of stress-related genes to acquire drought stress resistance. Moreover, the stepwise stress response at the whole-plant level is important for proper understanding of the physiological response to drought conditions. Drought stress is sensed by multiple types of sensors as molecular patterns of abiotic stress signals, which are transmitted via separate parallel signaling networks to induce downstream responses, including stomatal closure and synthesis of stress-related proteins and metabolites. Peptide molecules play important roles in the inter-organ signaling of dehydration from roots to shoots, as well as signaling of osmotic changes and reactive oxygen species/Ca2+ . In this review, we have summarized recent advances in research on complex plant drought stress responses, focusing on inter-tissue signaling in leaves and inter-organ signaling from roots to shoots. We have discussed the mechanisms via which drought stress adaptations and resistance are acquired at the whole-plant level, and have proposed the importance of quantitative phenotyping for measuring plant growth under drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Kuromori
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2‐1 HirosawaWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
| | - Miki Fujita
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
| | - Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
- Department of Biological Science and TechnologyGraduate School of Advanced EngineeringTokyo University of Science6‐3‐1 Niijyuku, Katsushika‐kuTokyo125‐8585Japan
| | - Kazuko Yamaguchi‐Shinozaki
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular PhysiologyGraduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of Tokyo1‐1‐1 Yayoi, Bunkyo‐kuTokyo113‐8657Japan
- Research Institute for Agricultural and Life SciencesTokyo University of Agriculture1‐1‐1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya‐kuTokyo156‐8502Japan
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science2‐1 HirosawaWakoSaitama351‐0198Japan
- Gene Discovery Research GroupRIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science3‐1‐1 KoyadaiTsukubaIbaraki305‐0074Japan
- Biotechonology CenterNational Chung Hsing University (NCHU)Taichung402Taiwan
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4
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Zhou Y, Ding M, Nagel G, Konrad KR, Gao S. Advances and prospects of rhodopsin-based optogenetics in plant research. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:572-589. [PMID: 35237820 PMCID: PMC8491038 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Microbial rhodopsins have advanced optogenetics since the discovery of channelrhodopsins almost two decades ago. During this time an abundance of microbial rhodopsins has been discovered, engineered, and improved for studies in neuroscience and other animal research fields. Optogenetic applications in plant research, however, lagged largely behind. Starting with light-regulated gene expression, optogenetics has slowly expanded into plant research. The recently established all-trans retinal production in plants now enables the use of many microbial opsins, bringing extra opportunities to plant research. In this review, we summarize the recent advances of rhodopsin-based plant optogenetics and provide a perspective for future use, combined with fluorescent sensors to monitor physiological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Meiqi Ding
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Georg Nagel
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
| | - Kai R. Konrad
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs-Institute, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Shiqiang Gao
- Institute of Physiology, Department of Neurophysiology, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97070, Germany
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5
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Huang S, Ding M, Roelfsema MRG, Dreyer I, Scherzer S, Al-Rasheid KAS, Gao S, Nagel G, Hedrich R, Konrad KR. Optogenetic control of the guard cell membrane potential and stomatal movement by the light-gated anion channel GtACR1. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:7/28/eabg4619. [PMID: 34244145 PMCID: PMC8270491 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abg4619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Guard cells control the aperture of plant stomata, which are crucial for global fluxes of CO2 and water. In turn, guard cell anion channels are seen as key players for stomatal closure, but is activation of these channels sufficient to limit plant water loss? To answer this open question, we used an optogenetic approach based on the light-gated anion channelrhodopsin 1 (GtACR1). In tobacco guard cells that express GtACR1, blue- and green-light pulses elicit Cl- and NO3 - currents of -1 to -2 nA. The anion currents depolarize the plasma membrane by 60 to 80 mV, which causes opening of voltage-gated K+ channels and the extrusion of K+ As a result, continuous stimulation with green light leads to loss of guard cell turgor and closure of stomata at conditions that provoke stomatal opening in wild type. GtACR1 optogenetics thus provides unequivocal evidence that opening of anion channels is sufficient to close stomata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguang Huang
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Meiqi Ding
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Rob G Roelfsema
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, 3460000 Talca, Chile
| | - Sönke Scherzer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Khaled A S Al-Rasheid
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shiqiang Gao
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Würzburg University, Röntgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georg Nagel
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Würzburg University, Röntgenring 9, 97070 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Kai R Konrad
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany.
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6
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Li K, Prada J, Damineli DSC, Liese A, Romeis T, Dandekar T, Feijó JA, Hedrich R, Konrad KR. An optimized genetically encoded dual reporter for simultaneous ratio imaging of Ca 2+ and H + reveals new insights into ion signaling in plants. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:2292-2310. [PMID: 33455006 PMCID: PMC8383442 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Whereas the role of calcium ions (Ca2+ ) in plant signaling is well studied, the physiological significance of pH-changes remains largely undefined. Here we developed CapHensor, an optimized dual-reporter for simultaneous Ca2+ and pH ratio-imaging and studied signaling events in pollen tubes (PTs), guard cells (GCs), and mesophyll cells (MCs). Monitoring spatio-temporal relationships between membrane voltage, Ca2+ - and pH-dynamics revealed interconnections previously not described. In tobacco PTs, we demonstrated Ca2+ -dynamics lag behind pH-dynamics during oscillatory growth, and pH correlates more with growth than Ca2+ . In GCs, we demonstrated abscisic acid (ABA) to initiate stomatal closure via rapid cytosolic alkalization followed by Ca2+ elevation. Preventing the alkalization blocked GC ABA-responses and even opened stomata in the presence of ABA, disclosing an important pH-dependent GC signaling node. In MCs, a flg22-induced membrane depolarization preceded Ca2+ -increases and cytosolic acidification by c. 2 min, suggesting a Ca2+ /pH-independent early pathogen signaling step. Imaging Ca2+ and pH resolved similar cytosol and nuclear signals and demonstrated flg22, but not ABA and hydrogen peroxide to initiate rapid membrane voltage-, Ca2+ - and pH-responses. We propose close interrelation in Ca2+ - and pH-signaling that is cell type- and stimulus-specific and the pH having crucial roles in regulating PT growth and stomata movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunkun Li
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Juan Prada
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Daniel S. C. Damineli
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 2136 Bioscience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Anja Liese
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Halle (Saale) 06120, Germany
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97074, Germany
| | - José A. Feijó
- Department of Cell Biology & Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, 2136 Bioscience Research Bldg, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Kai Robert Konrad
- Department of Botany I, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97082, Germany
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7
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Lohani N, Singh MB, Bhalla PL. RNA-Seq Highlights Molecular Events Associated With Impaired Pollen-Pistil Interactions Following Short-Term Heat Stress in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:622748. [PMID: 33584763 PMCID: PMC7872974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.622748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The global climate change is leading to increased frequency of heatwaves with crops getting exposed to extreme temperature events. Such temperature spikes during the reproductive stage of plant development can harm crop fertility and productivity. Here we report the response of short-term heat stress events on the pollen and pistil tissues in a commercially grown cultivar of Brassica napus. Our data reveals that short-term temperature spikes not only affect pollen fitness but also impair the ability of the pistil to support pollen germination and pollen tube growth and that the heat stress sensitivity of pistil can have severe consequences for seed set and yield. Comparative transcriptome profiling of non-stressed and heat-stressed (40°C for 30 min) pollen and pistil (stigma + style) highlighted the underlying cellular mechanisms involved in heat stress response in these reproductive tissues. In pollen, cell wall organization and cellular transport-related genes possibly regulate pollen fitness under heat stress while the heat stress-induced repression of transcription factor encoding transcripts is a feature of the pistil response. Overall, high temperature altered the expression of genes involved in protein processing, regulation of transcription, pollen-pistil interactions, and misregulation of cellular organization, transport, and metabolism. Our results show that short episodes of high-temperature exposure in B. napus modulate key regulatory pathways disrupted reproductive processes, ultimately translating to yield loss. Further investigations on the genes and networks identified in the present study pave a way toward genetic improvement of the thermotolerance and reproductive performance of B. napus varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prem L. Bhalla
- Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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8
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Cubero-Font P, De Angeli A. Connecting vacuolar and plasma membrane transport networks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:755-762. [PMID: 33007120 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The coordinated control of ion transport across the two major membranes of differentiated plant cells, the plasma and the vacuolar membranes, is fundamental in cell physiology. The stomata responses to the fluctuating environmental conditions are an illustrative example. Indeed, they rely on the coordination of ion fluxes between the different cell compartments. The cytosolic environment, which is an interface between intracellular compartments, and the activity of the ion transporters localised in the different membranes influence one each other. Here we analyse the molecular mechanisms connecting and modulating the transport processes at both the plasma and the vacuolar membranes of guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Cubero-Font
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, 34060, France
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9
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Yoshida T, Fernie AR, Shinozaki K, Takahashi F. Long-distance stress and developmental signals associated with abscisic acid signaling in environmental responses. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 105:477-488. [PMID: 33249671 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Flowering plants consist of highly differentiated organs, including roots, leaves, shoots and flowers, which have specific roles: root system for water and nutrient uptake, leaves for photosynthesis and gas exchange and reproductive organs for seed production. The communication between organs through the vascular system, by which water, nutrient and signaling molecules are transported, is essential for coordinated growth and development of the whole plant, particularly under adverse conditions. Here, we highlight recent progress in understanding how signaling pathways of plant hormones are associated with long-distance stress and developmental signals, with particular focus on environmental stress responses. In addition to the root-to-shoot peptide signal that induces abscisic acid accumulation in leaves under drought stress conditions, we summarize the diverse stress-responsive peptide signals reported to date to play a role in environmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yoshida
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Tsukuba, Japan
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10
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So WM, Huque AKMM, Shin HY, Kim SY, Shin JS, Cui M, Shin JS. AtMYB109 negatively regulates stomatal closure under osmotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 255:153292. [PMID: 33069038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress, caused by drought, salinity, or PEG (polyethylene glycol), is one of the most important abiotic factors that hinder plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis, more than 100 R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs) have been identified, and many of them are involved in the transcriptional regulation of a variety of biological processes related to growth and development, as well as responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the MYB TF involving in both plant development and stress response has rarely been reported. We report here that Arabidopsis AtMYB109, a R2R3-MYB TF, functions as a negative regulator of stomatal closure under osmotic stress as well as of pollen tube elongation. Under PEG-induced osmotic stress, whole leaves of AtMYB109-OXs were intensely wilted, while leaves of the wild-type (WT) and myb109 were weakly affected. Moreover, we confirmed that the wilting in AtMYB109-OXs was more severe than in WT and myb109 under drought conditions, and that after re-watering, WT and myb109 plants promptly recovered, while AtMYB109-OXs failed to survive. In addition, stomatal closure was delayed in the AtMYB109-OXs compared to the WT and myb109. However, proline content and the expression of stress-induced and proline synthesis genes were higher in the overexpression lines than in WT and myb109. Then, we observed that the expression of ICS1, a key gene in SA biosynthesis, was greatly suppressed in AtMYB109-OXs. In addition, we found that AtMYB109 expression gradually increased until the flowers were fully opened and thereafter dramatically decreased during silique development. The pollen tube growth was significantly suppressed in AtMYB109-OXs compared to the WT and myb109. Using EMSA and ChIP-qPCR, we confirmed that AtMYB109 bound to the promoter of RABA4D, a gene encoding a pollen development regulator. Taken together, we suggest the delayed stomatal closing and vulnerable phenotypes in the AtMYB109-OXs under osmotic stress are possibly directly or indirectly associated with a SA-mediated mechanism, and that AtMYB109 suppresses RABA4D that modulates pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Mi So
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | | | - Hyun-Young Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Soo Youn Kim
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Cloning Department, Bionics, Seoul, 04778, South Korea
| | - Jin Seok Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Meihua Cui
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea; Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies (SIAIS), Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jeong Sheop Shin
- Division of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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11
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Leigh WA, Del Valle G, Kamran SA, Drumm BT, Tavakkoli A, Sanders KM, Baker SA. A high throughput machine-learning driven analysis of Ca 2+ spatio-temporal maps. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102260. [PMID: 32795721 PMCID: PMC7530121 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
High-resolution Ca2+ imaging to study cellular Ca2+ behaviors has led to the creation of large datasets with a profound need for standardized and accurate analysis. To analyze these datasets, spatio-temporal maps (STMaps) that allow for 2D visualization of Ca2+ signals as a function of time and space are often used. Methods of STMap analysis rely on a highly arduous process of user defined segmentation and event-based data retrieval. These methods are often time consuming, lack accuracy, and are extremely variable between users. We designed a novel automated machine-learning based plugin for the analysis of Ca2+ STMaps (STMapAuto). The plugin includes optimized tools for Ca2+ signal preprocessing, automated segmentation, and automated extraction of key Ca2+ event information such as duration, spatial spread, frequency, propagation angle, and intensity in a variety of cell types including the Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). The plugin is fully implemented in Fiji and able to accurately detect and expeditiously quantify Ca2+ transient parameters from ICC. The plugin's speed of analysis of large-datasets was 197-fold faster than the commonly used single pixel-line method of analysis. The automated machine-learning based plugin described dramatically reduces opportunities for user error and provides a consistent method to allow high-throughput analysis of STMap datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wesley A Leigh
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Guillermo Del Valle
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Sharif Amit Kamran
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Bernard T Drumm
- Department of Life & Health Science, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Co. Louth, Ireland
| | - Alireza Tavakkoli
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Kenton M Sanders
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Salah A Baker
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA.
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12
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Pedersen O, Revsbech NP, Shabala S. Microsensors in plant biology: in vivo visualization of inorganic analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3941-3954. [PMID: 32253437 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This Expert View provides an update on the recent development of new microsensors, and briefly summarizes some novel applications of existing microsensors, in plant biology research. Two major topics are covered: (i) sensors for gaseous analytes (O2, CO2, and H2S); and (ii) those for measuring concentrations and fluxes of ions (macro- and micronutrients and environmental pollutants such as heavy metals). We show that application of such microsensors may significantly advance understanding of mechanisms of plant-environmental interaction and regulation of plant developmental and adaptive responses under adverse environmental conditions via non-destructive visualization of key analytes with high spatial and/or temporal resolution. Examples included cover a broad range of environmental situations including hypoxia, salinity, and heavy metal toxicity. We highlight the power of combining microsensor technology with other advanced biophysical (patch-clamp, voltage-clamp, and single-cell pressure probe), imaging (MRI and fluorescent dyes), and genetic techniques and approaches. We conclude that future progress in the field may be achieved by applying existing microsensors for important signalling molecules such as NO and H2O2, by improving selectivity of existing microsensors for some key analytes (e.g. Na, Mg, and Zn), and by developing new microsensors for P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Australia
| | - Niels Peter Revsbech
- Aarhus University Centre for Water Technology, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Sergey Shabala
- School of Land and Food, University of Tasmania, Australia
- International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology, Foshan University, China
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Colmenero-Flores JM, Franco-Navarro JD, Cubero-Font P, Peinado-Torrubia P, Rosales MA. Chloride as a Beneficial Macronutrient in Higher Plants: New Roles and Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E4686. [PMID: 31546641 PMCID: PMC6801462 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloride (Cl-) has traditionally been considered a micronutrient largely excluded by plants due to its ubiquity and abundance in nature, its antagonism with nitrate (NO3-), and its toxicity when accumulated at high concentrations. In recent years, there has been a paradigm shift in this regard since Cl- has gone from being considered a harmful ion, accidentally absorbed through NO3- transporters, to being considered a beneficial macronutrient whose transport is finely regulated by plants. As a beneficial macronutrient, Cl- determines increased fresh and dry biomass, greater leaf expansion, increased elongation of leaf and root cells, improved water relations, higher mesophyll diffusion to CO2, and better water- and nitrogen-use efficiency. While optimal growth of plants requires the synchronic supply of both Cl- and NO3- molecules, the NO3-/Cl- plant selectivity varies between species and varieties, and in the same plant it can be modified by environmental cues such as water deficit or salinity. Recently, new genes encoding transporters mediating Cl- influx (ZmNPF6.4 and ZmNPF6.6), Cl- efflux (AtSLAH3 and AtSLAH1), and Cl- compartmentalization (AtDTX33, AtDTX35, AtALMT4, and GsCLC2) have been identified and characterized. These transporters have proven to be highly relevant for nutrition, long-distance transport and compartmentalization of Cl-, as well as for cell turgor regulation and stress tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Colmenero-Flores
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Juan D Franco-Navarro
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Paloma Cubero-Font
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
- Biochimie et physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, SupAgro, 2 place P. Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France.
| | - Procopio Peinado-Torrubia
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Rosales
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Avda Reina Mercedes 10, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
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Takahashi F, Shinozaki K. Long-distance signaling in plant stress response. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 47:106-111. [PMID: 30445314 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Vascular plants respond to various environmental stresses by integrating and transmitting environmental information perceived by roots and leaves, respectively. Long-distance signaling plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to and subsequent survival to severe environmental conditions. Recent studies have elucidated that various mobile molecules, such as small proteins, peptides, RNAs, metabolites, and second messengers, transmit extracellular stimuli from sensing tissues to target organs. Plants have unique and complex mechanisms for accurately connecting various organs despite the lack of a nervous system. In this short review, we summarize the current knowledge of plant molecules involved in long-distance signaling for optimal growth and stress response, with special focus on mobile peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuminori Takahashi
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Shinozaki
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 3-1-1 Koyadai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0074, Japan.
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Zheng RH, Su SD, Xiao H, Tian HQ. Calcium: A Critical Factor in Pollen Germination and Tube Elongation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E420. [PMID: 30669423 PMCID: PMC6358865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen is the male gametophyte of higher plants. Its major function is to deliver sperm cells to the ovule to ensure successful fertilization. During this process, many interactions occur among pollen tubes and pistil cells and tissues, and calcium ion (Ca2+) dynamics mediate these interactions among cells to ensure that pollen reaches the embryo sac. Although the precise functions of Ca2+ dynamics in the cells are unknown, we can speculate about its roles on the basis of its spatial and temporal characteristics during these interactions. The results of many studies indicate that calcium is a critical element that is strongly related to pollen germination and pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Hua Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Timber Forest Breeding and Cultivation for Mountainous Areas in Southern China, Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China.
| | - Shun De Su
- The Key Laboratory of Timber Forest Breeding and Cultivation for Mountainous Areas in Southern China, Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China.
| | - Hui Xiao
- The Key Laboratory of Timber Forest Breeding and Cultivation for Mountainous Areas in Southern China, Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fuzhou 350012, China.
| | - Hui Qiao Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Herbell S, Gutermuth T, Konrad KR. An interconnection between tip-focused Ca 2+ and anion homeostasis controls pollen tube growth. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2018; 13:e1529521. [PMID: 30307369 PMCID: PMC6279333 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2018.1529521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant reproduction is the basis for economically relevant food production. It relies on pollen tube (PTs) growth into the female flower organs for successful fertilization. The high cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt) at the PT tip is sensed by Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) that in turn activate R- and S-type anion channels to control polar growth. Lanthanum, a blocker for plant Ca2+-permeable channels was used here to demonstrate a strict dependency for anion channel activation through high PT tip [Ca2+]cyt. We visualized this relationship by live-cell anion imaging and concurrent triggering of Ca2+-elevations with the two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) technique. The anion efflux provoked by a TEVC-triggered [Ca2+]cyt increase was abolished by Lanthanum and was followed by an overall rise in the cytosolic anion concentration. An interrelation between Ca2+ and anion homeostasis occurred also on the transcript level of CPKs and anion channels. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated a co-regulation of anion channels and CPKs in media with different Cl- and NO3- compositions. Our data provides strong evidence for the importance of a Ca2+-dependent anion channel regulation and point to a synchronized adjustment of CPK and anion channel transcript levels to fine-tune anion efflux at the PT tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Herbell
- University of Wuerzburg, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Department of Botany I, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Timo Gutermuth
- University of Wuerzburg, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Department of Botany I, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Kai Robert Konrad
- University of Wuerzburg, Julius-Von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Department of Botany I, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Feijó
- University of Maryland Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, College Park, MD, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Michael M Wudick
- University of Maryland Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, College Park, MD, USA
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