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Kan H, Liu H, Mu Y, Li Y, Zhang M, Cao Y, Dong Y, Li Y, Wang K, Li Q, Hu A, Zheng Y. Novel genetic variants linked to prelabor rupture of membranes among Chinese pregnant women. Placenta 2023; 137:14-22. [PMID: 37054626 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The etiology of prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM), either preterm or term PROM (PPROM or TPROM), remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal genetic variants (GVs) and PROM and further establish a GV-based prediction model for PROM. METHODS In this case-cohort study (n = 1166), Chinese pregnant women with PPROM (n = 51), TPROM (n = 283) and controls (n = 832) were enrolled. A weighted Cox model was applied to identify the GVs (single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs], insertions/deletions, and copy number variants) associated with either PPROM or TPROM. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was to explore the mechanisms. The suggestively significant GVs were applied to establish a random forest (RF) model. RESULTS PTPRT variants (rs117950601, P = 4.37 × 10-9; rs147178603, P = 8.98 × 10-9) and SNRNP40 variant (rs117573344, P = 2.13 × 10-8) were associated with PPROM. STXBP5L variant (rs10511405, P = 4.66 × 10-8) was associated with TPROM. GSEA results showed that genes associated with PPROM were enriched in cell adhesion, and TPROM in ascorbate and glucuronidation metabolism. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SNP-based RF model for PPROM was 0.961, with a sensitivity of 100.0% and specificity of 83.3%. DISCUSSION Maternal GVs in PTPRT and SNRNP40 were associated with PPROM, and GV in STXBP5L was associated with TPROM. Cell adhesion participated in PPROM, while ascorbate and glucuronidation metabolism contributed in TPROM. The PPROM might be well predicted using the SNP-based RF model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Kan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, 246003, China; Department of Blood Transfusion, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, 246003, China
| | - Yutong Mu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yijie Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanmin Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yao Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Kailin Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, 246003, China.
| | - Anqun Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anqing Municipal Hospital, Anqing, 246003, China.
| | - Yingjie Zheng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Key Laboratory for Health Technology Assessment, National Commission of Health and Family Planning, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Li M, Pan S, Chen H, Yan S, Liu Y. Effect of TLR-4 gene polymorphisms on sepsis susceptibility in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Biomark Med 2022; 16:1005-1017. [PMID: 36052709 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2022-0390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To clarify the role of polymorphisms rs4986790 and rs4986791 in TLR-4 with susceptibility to neonatal sepsis. Methods: To evaluate the possible correlation of polymorphisms rs4986790 and rs4986791 with sepsis risk, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. The heterogeneity was evaluated by χ2-based Q-test. Results: For rs4986790, ORs were 1.36 (95% CI: 1.05-1.79, p = 0.017) and 1.84 (95% CI: 0.04-7.9, p = 0.410) under AG+GG versus AA and G vs. A models, respectively. For rs4986791, ORs were 2.22 (95% CI: 1.25-3.94, p = 0.006) and 2.20 (95% CI: 1.26-3.85, p = 0.005) under CT+TT versus CC and of T versus C models, respectively. Conclusion: The rs4986790 and rs4986791 polymorphisms in TLR-4 could influence the sepsis susceptibility in neonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Construction Group Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shiguang Pan
- Intensive Care Unit, Yantai Qi Shan Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, 264001, China
| | - Huilin Chen
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Construction Group Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shuying Yan
- Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai Construction Group Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- Emergency Department, Chongqing University Affiliated Three Gorges Hospital (Bai'an Branch), Chongqing, 404000, China
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TLR4-Endothelin Axis Controls Syncytiotrophoblast Motility and Confers Fetal Protection in Placental Malaria. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0080920. [PMID: 34061587 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00809-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-associated malaria is often associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Placental circulatory impairments are an intriguing and unsolved component of malaria pathophysiology. Here, we uncovered a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-TRIF-endothelin axis that controls trophoblast motility and is linked to fetal protection during Plasmodium infection. In a cohort of 401 pregnancies from northern Brazil, we found that infection during pregnancy reduced expression of endothelin receptor B in syncytiotrophoblasts, while endothelin expression was only affected during acute infection. We further show that quantitative expression of placental endothelin and endothelin receptor B proteins are differentially controlled by maternal and fetal TLR4 alleles. Using murine malaria models, we identified placental autonomous responses to malaria infection mediated by fetally encoded TLR4 that not only controlled placental endothelin gene expression but also correlated with fetal viability protection. In vitro assays showed that control of endothelin expression in fetal syncytiotrophoblasts exposed to Plasmodium-infected erythrocytes was dependent on TLR4 via the TRIF pathway but not MyD88 signaling. Time-lapse microscopy in syncytiotrophoblast primary cultures and cell invasion assays demonstrated that ablation of TLR4 or endothelin receptor blockade abrogates trophoblast collective motility and cell migration responses to infected erythrocytes. These results cohesively substantiate the hypothesis that fetal innate immune sensing, namely, the TRL4-TRIF pathway, exerts a fetal protective role during malaria infection by mediating syncytiotrophoblast vasoregulatory responses that counteract placental insufficiency.
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Robertson SA, Hutchinson MR, Rice KC, Chin PY, Moldenhauer LM, Stark MJ, Olson DM, Keelan JA. Targeting Toll-like receptor-4 to tackle preterm birth and fetal inflammatory injury. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1121. [PMID: 32313651 PMCID: PMC7156293 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Every year, 15 million pregnancies end prematurely, resulting in more than 1 million infant deaths and long-term health consequences for many children. The physiological processes of labour and birth involve essential roles for immune cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines in gestational tissues. There is compelling evidence that the mechanisms underlying spontaneous preterm birth are initiated when a premature and excessive inflammatory response is triggered by infection or other causes. Exposure to pro-inflammatory mediators is emerging as a major factor in the 'fetal inflammatory response syndrome' that often accompanies preterm birth, where unscheduled effects in fetal tissues interfere with normal development and predispose to neonatal morbidity. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical upstream gatekeepers of inflammatory activation. TLR4 is prominently involved through its ability to sense and integrate signals from a range of microbial and endogenous triggers to provoke and perpetuate inflammation. Preclinical studies have identified TLR4 as an attractive pharmacological target to promote uterine quiescence and protect the fetus from inflammatory injury. Novel small-molecule inhibitors of TLR4 signalling, specifically the non-opioid receptor antagonists (+)-naloxone and (+)-naltrexone, are proving highly effective in animal models for preventing preterm birth induced by bacterial mimetic LPS, heat-killed Escherichia coli, or the TLR4-dependent pro-inflammatory lipid, platelet-activating factor (PAF). Here, we summarise the rationale for targeting TLR4 as a master regulator of inflammation in fetal and gestational tissues, and the potential utility of TLR4 antagonists as candidates for preventative and therapeutic application in preterm delivery and fetal inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia.,ARC Centre for Nanoscale Biophotonics and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism National Institutes of Health Rockville MD USA
| | - Peck-Yin Chin
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Lachlan M Moldenhauer
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - Michael J Stark
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School University of Adelaide Adelaide SA Australia
| | - David M Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Physiology and Pediatrics 220 HMRC University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada
| | - Jeffrey A Keelan
- Division of Obstetrics & Gynaecology University of Western Australia Perth WA Australia
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Wahid HH, Chin PY, Sharkey DJ, Diener KR, Hutchinson MR, Rice KC, Moldenhauer LM, Robertson SA. Toll-Like Receptor-4 Antagonist (+)-Naltrexone Protects Against Carbamyl-Platelet Activating Factor (cPAF)-Induced Preterm Labor in Mice. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1030-1045. [PMID: 32084361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous preterm labor is frequently caused by an inflammatory response in the gestational tissues elicited by either infectious or sterile agents. In sterile preterm labor, the key regulators of inflammation are not identified, but platelet-activating factor (PAF) is implicated as a potential rate-limiting effector agent. Since Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 can amplify PAF signaling, we evaluated whether TLR4 contributes to inflammation and fetal loss in a mouse model of PAF-induced sterile preterm labor, and whether a small-molecule TLR4 inhibitor, (+)-naltrexone, can mitigate adverse PAF-induced effects. The administration of carbamyl (c)-PAF caused preterm labor and fetal loss in wild-type mice but not in TLR4-deficient mice. Treatment with (+)-naltrexone prevented preterm delivery and alleviated fetal demise in utero elicited after cPAF administered by i.p. or intrauterine routes. Pups born after cPAF and (+)-naltrexone treatment exhibited comparable rates of postnatal survival and growth to carrier-treated controls. (+)-Naltrexone suppressed the cPAF-induced expression of inflammatory cytokine genes Il1b, Il6, and Il10 in the decidua; Il6, Il12b, and Il10 in the myometrium; and Il1b and Il6 in the placenta. These data demonstrate that the TLR4 antagonist (+)-naltrexone inhibits the inflammatory cascade induced by cPAF, preventing preterm birth and perinatal death. The inhibition of TLR4 signaling warrants further investigation as a candidate strategy for fetal protection and delay of preterm birth elicited by sterile stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan H Wahid
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peck Yin Chin
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David J Sharkey
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kerrilyn R Diener
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Lachlan M Moldenhauer
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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Liassides C, Papadopoulos A, Siristatidis C, Damoraki G, Liassidou A, Chrelias C, Kassanos D, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of Toll-like receptor-4 and of autophagy-related gene 16 like-1 gene for predisposition of premature delivery: A prospective study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e17313. [PMID: 31577725 PMCID: PMC6783216 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000017313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of carriage of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) and of autophagy-related gene 16-like-1 (ATG16L1) in preterm delivery (PTD).A prospective cohort of 145 pregnant women was studied. Women were prospectively followed-up until delivery. Genotyping for rs4986790 (Asp299Gly transition) and rs4986791 (Thr399Ile transition) of TLR4 and for rs2241880 of ATG16L1 was done by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The primary study endpoint was the impact of carriage of minor alleles of TLR4 on early PTD before gestational week 32. Associations with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) were also analyzed. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 15 healthy women and stimulated for cytokine production.No difference in clinical characteristics was observed between women delivering full term and preterm. The frequency of early PTD was 25% among women carrying minor alleles of TLR4 and 6.8% among women carrying major alleles (P: .032). Odds ratios for PTD were 3.85 among women carrying the GG genotype of rs2241880 and major alleles of TLR4 and 0.26 among carriers of GG genotype and minor alleles of TLR4 (P: .030). The co-presence of GG genotype of rs2241880 and hCG above 70 U/L was an independent variable for PTD. Stimulated production of interleukin-6 was greater among women with GG genotypes of rs2241880.Minor alleles of SNPs of TLR4 predispose to early PTD. The GG genotype of rs2241880 of ATG16L1 is associated with PTD when hCG is supra-elevated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charalampos Siristatidis
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - Charalampos Chrelias
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kassanos
- 3rd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece
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Del Gobbo GF, Konwar C, Robinson WP. The significance of the placental genome and methylome in fetal and maternal health. Hum Genet 2019; 139:1183-1196. [PMID: 31555906 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-02058-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The placenta is a crucial organ for supporting a healthy pregnancy, and defective development or function of the placenta is implicated in a number of complications of pregnancy that affect both maternal and fetal health, including maternal preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and spontaneous preterm birth. In this review, we highlight the role of the placental genome in mediating fetal and maternal health by discussing the impact of a variety of genetic alterations, from large whole-chromosome aneuploidies to single-nucleotide variants, on placental development and function. We also discuss the placental methylome in relation to its potential applications for refining diagnosis, predicting pathology, and identifying genetic variants with potential functional significance. We conclude that understanding the influence of the placental genome on common placental-mediated pathologies is critical to improving perinatal health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia F Del Gobbo
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Chaini Konwar
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada
| | - Wendy P Robinson
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, 950 West 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4H4, Canada. .,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, 4500 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3N1, Canada.
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The role of innate immunity in spontaneous preterm labor: A systematic review. J Reprod Immunol 2019; 136:102616. [PMID: 31581042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2019.102616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunoinflammatory response by innate immunity components is a field with increasing interest in understanding the mechanisms behind preterm labor (PTL). OBJECTIVES Systematic review of the role of innate immunity in spontaneous PTL. STUDY DESIGN PubMed, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Web of Science were searched using pregnancy AND innate OR toll-like OR natural-killer OR dendritic AND delivery OR premature OR rupture of membranes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All article titles and abstracts were evaluated by two individuals, based in strict predefined inclusion criteria. For relevant studies, title, abstract, and full text were assessed to identify PTL and innate immunity studies, excluding multiple pregnancies, cervical insufficiency and indicated PTL. RESULTS From 894 articles evaluated, 101 full texts articles were assessed independently. For this systematic review 44 studies were finally included. Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 mediated immune dysfunction and inflammation can result in PTL. Moreover, PTL is linked to high levels of CD14+ monocytes; neutrophils seem important in inflammation-associated PTL and in pathological preterm premature rupture of membranes. Besides, decidual natural-killer cells and premature activation of dendritic cells may also participate in the etiology of PTL. Finally, dysregulation of maternal complement might increase the risk of PTL, characterized by high levels of innate lymphoid cells 2 and 3. CONCLUSIONS Further research is warranted to ascertain the precise role of innate immunity in PTL. Nonetheless, our results indicate that Toll-like receptors, monocytes, natural-killer cells, dendritic cells and complement have significant roles in PTL.
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Pandya Y, Penha-Gonçalves C. Maternal-Fetal Conflict During Infection: Lessons From a Mouse Model of Placental Malaria. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1126. [PMID: 31178840 PMCID: PMC6542978 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections that reach the placenta via maternal blood can target the fetal-placental barrier and are associated with reduced birth weight, increased stillbirth, miscarriage and perinatal mortality. Malaria during pregnancy can lead to infection of the placental tissue and to adverse effects on the unborn child even if the parasite is successfully cleared, indicating that placental sufficiency is significantly compromised. Human samples and animal models of placental malaria have been used to unravel mechanisms contributing to this insufficiency and have implicated molecular pathways related to inflammation, innate immunity and nutrient transport. Remarkably, fetal TLR4 was found to take part in placental responses that protect the fetus, in contrast to maternal TLR4 responses that presumably preserve the mother‘s health but result in reduced fetal viability. We propose that this conflict of fetal and maternal responses is a determinant of the clinical outcomes of placental malaria and that fetally derived trophoblasts are on the front lines of this conflict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Pandya
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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Pereyra S, Sosa C, Bertoni B, Sapiro R. Transcriptomic analysis of fetal membranes reveals pathways involved in preterm birth. BMC Med Genomics 2019; 12:53. [PMID: 30935390 PMCID: PMC6444860 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-019-0498-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth (PTB), defined as infant delivery before 37 weeks of completed gestation, results from the interaction of both genetic and environmental components and constitutes a complex multifactorial syndrome. Transcriptome analysis of PTB has proven challenging because of the multiple causes of PTB and the numerous maternal and fetal gestational tissues that must interact to facilitate parturition. The transcriptome of the chorioamnion membranes at the site of rupture in PTB and term fetuses may reflect the molecular pathways of preterm labor. Methods In this work, chorioamnion membranes from severe preterm and term fetuses were analyzed using RNA sequencing. Functional annotations and pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes were performed with the GAGE and GOSeq packages. A subset of differentially expressed genes in PTB was validated in a larger cohort using qRT-PCR and by comparing our results with genes and pathways previously reported in the literature. Results A total of 270 genes were differentially expressed (DE): 252 were upregulated and 18 were down-regulated in severe preterm births relative to term births. Inflammatory and immunological pathways were upregulated in PTB. Both types of pathways were previously suggested to lead to PTB. Pathways that were not previously reported in PTB, such as the hemopoietic pathway, appeared upregulated in preterm membranes. A group of 18 downregulated genes discriminated between term and severe preterm cases. These genes potentially characterize a severe preterm transcriptome pattern and therefore are candidate genes for understanding the syndrome. Some of the downregulated genes are involved in the nervous system, morphogenesis (WNT1, DLX5, PAPPA2) and ion channel complexes (KCNJ16, KCNB1), making them good candidates as biomarkers of PTB. Conclusions The identification of this DE gene pattern will help with the development of a multi-gene disease classifier. These markers were generated in an admixed South American population in which PTB has a high incidence. Since the genetic background may differentially impact different populations, it is necessary to include populations such as those from South America and Africa, which are usually excluded from high-throughput approaches. These classifiers should be compared to those in other populations to obtain a global landscape of PTB. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-019-0498-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Pereyra
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2125, C.P, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Sosa
- Clínica Ginecotologica "C", Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Bvar. General Artigas 1590, C:P.11600, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Bernardo Bertoni
- Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2125, C.P, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Rossana Sapiro
- Departamento de Histología y Embriología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Av. General Flores 2125, C.P, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Konwar C, Del Gobbo GF, Terry J, Robinson WP. Association of a placental Interleukin-6 genetic variant (rs1800796) with DNA methylation, gene expression and risk of acute chorioamnionitis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2019; 20:36. [PMID: 30795743 PMCID: PMC6387541 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-019-0768-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute chorioamnionitis (aCA), inflammation of the placenta and fetal membranes, is a frequently reported lesion in preterm deliveries. Genetic variants in innate immune system genes such as Interleukin-6 (IL6) may contribute to the placenta's inflammatory response, thus predisposing some pregnancies to aCA. These genetic variants may modulate molecular processes such as DNA methylation and gene expression, and in turn might affect susceptibility to aCA. Currently, there is remarkably little research on the role of fetal (placental) genetic variation in aCA. We aimed to explore the associations between genetic variants in candidate immune-system genes and susceptibility towards inflammatory responses in the placenta, which is linked to a strong inflammatory response in the newborn. METHODS DNA samples from 269 placentas (72 aCA cases, 197 non-aCA cases) were collected for this study. Samples were genotyped at 55 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) and 16 additional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 candidate innate immune system genes using the Sequenom iPLEX Gold Assay. Publicly available datasets were used to obtain DNA methylation (GSE100197, GSE74738, GSE115508, GSE44667, GSE98224) and gene expression data (GSE44711, GSE98224). RESULTS Differences in IL6 placental allele frequencies were associated with aCA (rs1800796, p = 0.04) with the CC genotype specifically implicated (OR = 3.1; p = 0.02). In a subset of the placental samples (n = 67; chorionic villi), we showed that the IL6 SNP (rs1800796) was associated with differential DNA methylation in five IL6-related CpG sites (cg01770232, cg02335517, cg07998387, cg13104385, and cg0526589), where individuals with a CC genotype showed higher DNA methylation levels than individuals carrying the GG genotype. Using two publicly available datasets, we observed that the DNA methylation levels at cg01770232 negatively correlated with IL6 gene expression in the placenta (r = - 0.67, p < 0.004; r = - 0.56, p < 2.937e-05). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that the minor C allele at the IL6 SNP (rs1800796), which is largely limited to East Asian populations, is associated with the presence of aCA. This SNP was associated with increased DNA methylation at a nearby MEPC2 binding site, which was also associated with decreased expression of IL6 in the placenta. Decreased expression of IL6 may increase vulnerability to microbial infection. Additional studies are required to confirm this association in Asian populations with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaini Konwar
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Giulia F. Del Gobbo
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Jefferson Terry
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Pathology, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
| | - Wendy P. Robinson
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 950 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4 Canada
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1 Canada
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12
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Strauss JF, Romero R, Gomez-Lopez N, Haymond-Thornburg H, Modi BP, Teves ME, Pearson LN, York TP, Schenkein HA. Spontaneous preterm birth: advances toward the discovery of genetic predisposition. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 218:294-314.e2. [PMID: 29248470 PMCID: PMC5834399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Evidence from family and twin-based studies provide strong support for a significant contribution of maternal and fetal genetics to the timing of parturition and spontaneous preterm birth. However, there has been only modest success in the discovery of genes predisposing to preterm birth, despite increasing sophistication of genetic and genomic technology. In contrast, DNA variants associated with other traits/diseases have been identified. For example, there is overwhelming evidence that suggests that the nature and intensity of an inflammatory response in adults and children are under genetic control. Because inflammation is often invoked as an etiologic factor in spontaneous preterm birth, the question of whether spontaneous preterm birth has a genetic predisposition in the case of pathologic inflammation has been of long-standing interest to investigators. Here, we review various genetic approaches used for the discovery of preterm birth genetic variants in the context of inflammation-associated spontaneous preterm birth. Candidate gene studies have sought genetic variants that regulate inflammation in the mother and fetus; however, the promising findings have often not been replicated. Genome-wide association studies, an approach to the identification of chromosomal loci responsible for complex traits, have also not yielded compelling evidence for DNA variants predisposing to preterm birth. A recent genome-wide association study that included a large number of White women (>40,000) revealed that maternal loci contribute to preterm birth. Although none of these loci harbored genes directly related to innate immunity, the results were replicated. Another approach to identify DNA variants predisposing to preterm birth is whole exome sequencing, which examines the DNA sequence of protein-coding regions of the genome. A recent whole exome sequencing study identified rare mutations in genes encoding for proteins involved in the negative regulation (dampening) of the innate immune response (eg, CARD6, CARD8, NLRP10, NLRP12, NOD2, TLR10) and antimicrobial peptide/proteins (eg, DEFB1, MBL2). These findings support the concept that preterm labor, at least in part, has an inflammatory etiology, which can be induced by pathogens (ie, intraamniotic infection) or "danger signals" (alarmins) released during cellular stress or necrosis (ie, sterile intraamniotic inflammation). These findings support the notion that preterm birth has a polygenic basis that involves rare mutations or damaging variants in multiple genes involved in innate immunity and host defense mechanisms against microbes and their noxious products. An overlap among the whole exome sequencing-identified genes and other inflammatory conditions associated with preterm birth, such as periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease, was observed, which suggests a shared genetic substrate for these conditions. We propose that whole exome sequencing, as well as whole genome sequencing, is the most promising approach for the identification of functionally significant genetic variants responsible for spontaneous preterm birth, at least in the context of pathologic inflammation. The identification of genes that contribute to preterm birth by whole exome sequencing, or whole genome sequencing, promises to yield valuable population-specific biomarkers to identify the risk for spontaneous preterm birth and potential strategies to mitigate such a risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome F Strauss
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA.
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI; Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI.
| | - Nardhy Gomez-Lopez
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute for Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD and Detroit, MI; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI
| | - Hannah Haymond-Thornburg
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Bhavi P Modi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Maria E Teves
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Laurel N Pearson
- Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Timothy P York
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA; Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA
| | - Harvey A Schenkein
- Department of Periodontics, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, VA
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13
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Abstract
Prematurity is a devastating disease with high neonatal morbidity and mortality based on gestational age at birth. Genetic and hormonal signals impact directly on the maternal predisposition to preterm birth or sudden onset of myometrial contractility. Candidate gene or genome-wide approaches are beginning to identify potential variants for women at risk for premature delivery or increased responsiveness to hormonal signals including progesterone. However, a majority of these studies have not yielded definitive results to allow for at this stage for development of personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara M Rood
- Division Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43215.
| | - Catalin S Buhimschi
- Division Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, 395 W 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43215
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14
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Chin PY, Dorian CL, Hutchinson MR, Olson DM, Rice KC, Moldenhauer LM, Robertson SA. Novel Toll-like receptor-4 antagonist (+)-naloxone protects mice from inflammation-induced preterm birth. Sci Rep 2016; 6:36112. [PMID: 27819333 PMCID: PMC5098167 DOI: 10.1038/srep36112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation by bacterial infection, or by sterile inflammatory insult is a primary trigger of spontaneous preterm birth. Here we utilize mouse models to investigate the efficacy of a novel small molecule TLR4 antagonist, (+)-naloxone, the non-opioid isomer of the opioid receptor antagonist (−)-naloxone, in infection-associated preterm birth. Treatment with (+)-naloxone prevented preterm delivery and alleviated fetal demise in utero elicited by i.p. LPS administration in late gestation. A similar effect with protection from preterm birth and perinatal death, and partial correction of reduced birth weight and postnatal mortality, was conferred by (+)-naloxone administration after intrauterine administration of heat-killed E. coli. Local induction by E. coli of inflammatory cytokine genes Il1b, Il6, Tnf and Il10 in fetal membranes was suppressed by (+)-naloxone, and cytokine expression in the placenta, and uterine myometrium and decidua, was also attenuated. These data demonstrate that inhibition of TLR4 signaling with the novel TLR4 antagonist (+)-naloxone can suppress the inflammatory cascade of preterm parturition, to prevent preterm birth and perinatal death. Further studies are warranted to investigate the utility of small molecule inhibition of TLR-driven inflammation as a component of strategies for fetal protection and delaying preterm birth in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peck Yin Chin
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Camilla L Dorian
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - David M Olson
- Departments of Obstetrics &Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2S2, Canada
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Chemical Biology Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lachlan M Moldenhauer
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
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Yang X, Peng W, Zhu LN, Zhang XA, Wang Y. [Association between interleukin-1β C+3953T and genetic susceptibility to spontaneous preterm birth: a case-control study]. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2016; 18:1123-1129. [PMID: 27817778 PMCID: PMC7389849 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the association between interleukin-1β (IL-1β) C+3953T and genetic susceptibility to spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). METHODS In this case-control study, 753 SPTB neonates were enrolled in the case group and 681 full-term neonates were enrolled in the control group. The latest Sequenom MassARRAY®SNP detection technique was used for the typing of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of IL-1β C+3953T. RESULTS Compared with those carrying CC genotype of IL-1β C+3953T, the neonates who carried at least one T allele (CT+TT genotype) had significantly increased risks of SPTB, SPTB complicated by premature rupture of membranes, and mild preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS In the Chinese population, IL-1β C+3953T has significant genetic association with an increased risk of SPTB. The identification of this SNP helps to prevent SPTB and clarify the causes and pathogenesis of SPTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Baiyi Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100700, China.
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16
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Sheikh IA, Ahmad E, Jamal MS, Rehan M, Assidi M, Tayubi IA, AlBasri SF, Bajouh OS, Turki RF, Abuzenadah AM, Damanhouri GA, Beg MA, Al-Qahtani M. Spontaneous preterm birth and single nucleotide gene polymorphisms: a recent update. BMC Genomics 2016; 17:759. [PMID: 27766960 PMCID: PMC5073925 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-016-3089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Preterm birth (PTB), birth at <37 weeks of gestation, is a significant global public health problem. World-wide, about 15 million babies are born preterm each year resulting in more than a million deaths of children. Preterm neonates are more prone to problems and need intensive care hospitalization. Health issues may persist through early adulthood and even be carried on to the next generation. Majority (70 %) of PTBs are spontaneous with about a half without any apparent cause and the other half associated with a number of risk factors. Genetic factors are one of the significant risks for PTB. The focus of this review is on single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) that are reported to be associated with PTB. Results A comprehensive evaluation of studies on SNPs known to confer potential risk of PTB was done by performing a targeted PubMed search for the years 2007–2015 and systematically reviewing all relevant studies. Evaluation of 92 studies identified 119 candidate genes with SNPs that had potential association with PTB. The genes were associated with functions of a wide spectrum of tissue and cell types such as endocrine, tissue remodeling, vascular, metabolic, and immune and inflammatory systems. Conclusions A number of potential functional candidate gene variants have been reported that predispose women for PTB. Understanding the complex genomic landscape of PTB needs high-throughput genome sequencing methods such as whole-exome sequencing and whole-genome sequencing approaches that will significantly enhance the understanding of PTB. Identification of high risk women, avoidance of possible risk factors, and provision of personalized health care are important to manage PTB. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-016-3089-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishfaq A Sheikh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ejaz Ahmad
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Jamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Rehan
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mourad Assidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iftikhar A Tayubi
- Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samera F AlBasri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama S Bajouh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rola F Turki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,KACST Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel M Abuzenadah
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,KACST Innovation Center in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Damanhouri
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd A Beg
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed Al-Qahtani
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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17
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Tokarz SA, DeValk J, Luo W, Pattnaik BR, Schrodi SJ, Pillers DAM. Cell line donor genotype and its influence on experimental phenotype: Toll-like receptor SNPs and potential variability in innate immunity. Mol Genet Metab 2016; 118:147-152. [PMID: 27324283 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2016.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cell lines are used to model a disease and provide valuable information regarding phenotype, mechanism, and response to novel therapies. Derived from individuals of diverse genetic backgrounds, the cell's genetic complement predicts the phenotype, and although some lines have been sequenced, little emphasis has been placed on genotyping. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential in initiating the inflammatory cascade in response to infection. TLR single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles may predict an altered innate immune response: a SNP can affect TLR-dependent pathways and may alter experimental results. Thus, genotype variation may have far-reaching implications when using cell lines to model phenotypes. We recommend that cell lines be genotyped and cataloged in a fashion similar to that used for bacteria, with cumulative information being archived in an accessible central database to facilitate the understanding of SNP cell phenotypes reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Tokarz
- Division of Neonatology & Newborn Nursery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jessica DeValk
- Division of Neonatology & Newborn Nursery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Wenxiang Luo
- Division of Neonatology & Newborn Nursery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Bikash R Pattnaik
- Division of Neonatology & Newborn Nursery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Steven J Schrodi
- Computation and Informatics in Biology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Center for Human Genetics, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA
| | - De-Ann M Pillers
- Division of Neonatology & Newborn Nursery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Medical Genetics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; J.F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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18
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Pereyra S, Bertoni B, Sapiro R. Interactions between environmental factors and maternal–fetal genetic variations: strategies to elucidate risks of preterm birth. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2016; 202:20-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Cappelletti M, Della Bella S, Ferrazzi E, Mavilio D, Divanovic S. Inflammation and preterm birth. J Leukoc Biol 2016; 99:67-78. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3mr0615-272rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although the underlying causes of pregnancy-associated complication are numerous, it is well established that infection and inflammation represent a highly significant risk factor in preterm birth. However, despite the clinical and public health significance, infectious agents, molecular trigger(s), and immune pathways underlying the pathogenesis of preterm birth remain underdefined and represent a major gap in knowledge. Here, we provide an overview of recent clinical and animal model data focused on the interplay between infection-driven inflammation and induction of preterm birth. Furthermore, here, we highlight the critical gaps in knowledge that warrant future investigations into the interplay between immune responses and induction of preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cappelletti
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati, Ohio , USA
| | - Silvia Della Bella
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Rozzano , Italy
| | - Enrico Ferrazzi
- Department of Woman, Mother and Neonate, Buzzi Childrenˈs Hospital, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences School of Medicine, University of Milan , Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center , Rozzano , Italy
| | - Senad Divanovic
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Research Foundation, and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine , Cincinnati, Ohio , USA
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20
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Wahid HH, Dorian CL, Chin PY, Hutchinson MR, Rice KC, Olson DM, Moldenhauer LM, Robertson SA. Toll-Like Receptor 4 Is an Essential Upstream Regulator of On-Time Parturition and Perinatal Viability in Mice. Endocrinology 2015; 156:3828-41. [PMID: 26151355 PMCID: PMC4588813 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
An inflammatory response is instrumental in the physiological process of parturition but the upstream signals initiating inflammation are undefined. Because endogenous ligands for Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) are released in late gestation, we hypothesized that on-time labor requires TLR4 signaling, to trigger a cytokine and leukocyte response and accelerate the parturition cascade. In pregnant TLR4-deficient (Tlr4-/-) mice, average gestation length was extended by 13 hours and increased perinatal mortality was seen compared with wild-type controls. Quantification of cytokine and uterine activation gene expression showed that late gestation induction of Il1b, Il6, Il12b, and Tnf expression seen in control placenta and fetal membranes was disrupted in Tlr4-/- mice, and accompanied by a transient delay in expression of uterine activation genes, including prostaglandin F receptor, oxytocin receptor, and connexin-43. Leukocyte populations were altered before birth in TLR4-deficient females, with fewer neutrophils and macrophages in the placenta, and fewer dendritic cells and more regulatory T cells in the myometrium. Administration of TLR4 ligand lipopolysaccharide to pregnant wild-type mice induced cytokine expression and fetal loss, whereas Tlr4-/- pregnancies were protected. The small molecule TLR4 antagonist (+)-naloxone increased mean duration of gestation by 16 hours in wild-type mice. Collectively, these data demonstrate that TLR4 is a key upstream regulator of the inflammatory response acting to drive uterine activation and control the timing of labor. Because causal pathways for term and preterm labor converge with TLR4, interventions to manipulate TLR4 signaling may have therapeutic utility for women at risk of preterm labor, or in postterm pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan H Wahid
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Camilla L Dorian
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Peck Yin Chin
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Mark R Hutchinson
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - David M Olson
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Lachlan M Moldenhauer
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
| | - Sarah A Robertson
- Robinson Research Institute and School of Medicine (H.H.W., C.D., P.Y.C., M.R.H., L.M.M., S.A.R.), University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; Chemical Biology Research Branch (K.C.R.), National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20892; and Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics and Physiology (D.M.O.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada AB TG62S2
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21
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Possible role of TLR4 and TLR9 SNPs in protection against congenital toxoplasmosis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 34:2121-9. [PMID: 26254559 PMCID: PMC4565873 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was the determination of the distribution of genotypes at single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in fetuses and newborns congenitally infected with Toxoplasma gondii and the identification of genetic changes predisposing to infection development. The study involved 20 fetuses and newborns with congenital toxoplasmosis and 50 uninfected controls. The levels of IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii, as well as IgG avidity, were estimated by enzyme-linked fluorescent assay (ELFA) tests. T. gondii DNA loads in amniotic fluids were assayed by the real-time (RT) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q PCR) technique for parasitic B1 gene. TLR4 and TLR9 SNPs were identified using a self-designed multiplex nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay. Randomly selected genotypes at SNPs were confirmed by sequencing. All the genotypes were tested for Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and TLR4 genotypes were analyzed for linkage disequilibrium. A correlation was studied between the genotypes or haplotypes and the development of congenital toxoplasmosis using a logistic regression model. Single SNP analysis showed no statistically significant differences in the distribution of distinct genotypes at the analyzed TLR4 and TLR9 SNPs between T. gondii-infected fetuses and newborns and the controls. Taking into account the prevalence of alleles residing within polymorphic sites, similar prevalence rates were observed in both of the studied groups. The multiple SNP analysis indicated GTG variants at the TLR4 and TLR9 SNPs to be significantly less frequent in offspring with congenital toxoplasmosis than in uninfected offspring (p ≤ 0.0001). TLR4 and TLR9 SNPs seem to be involved in protection against congenital toxoplasmosis.
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22
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Pan J, Mor G, Ju W, Zhong J, Luo X, Aldo PB, Zhong M, Yu Y, Jenkins EC, Brown WT, Zhong N. Viral Infection-Induced Differential Expression of LncRNAs Associated with Collagen in Mouse Placentas and Amniotic Sacs. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015; 74:237-57. [PMID: 26073538 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM We have previously determined that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are differentially expressed in preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) and hypothesized that the collagenolysis ubiquitin-proteasome system may be activated by infection and inflammation. However, direct evidence of the involvement of lncRNAs in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of the infection-triggered alteration of collagen is lacking. METHOD OF STUDY A previously developed mouse model with MHV68 viral infection was assessed to determine whether viral infection may induce differential expression of lncRNAs in mouse placentas and amniotic sacs. RESULTS Differential expression of lncRNAs that are associated with collagen was found in HMV68 viral-infected, compared to non-infected, mouse placentas and amniotic sacs. Differential expression of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of collagen was also documented. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrate, for the first time, that viral infection may induce the differential expression of lncRNAs that are associated with collagen. Based on this finding, we propose that lncRNA may have involved in regulating of infection-induced collagen transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- Center of Translational Medicine for Maternal and Children's Health, Lianyungang Maternal and Children's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Gil Mor
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Immunology Unit, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Weina Ju
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Julia Zhong
- Hunter College High School, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xiucui Luo
- Center of Translational Medicine for Maternal and Children's Health, Lianyungang Maternal and Children's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Paulomi Bole Aldo
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Reproductive Immunology Unit, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mei Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Edmund C Jenkins
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - William T Brown
- Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
| | - Nanbert Zhong
- Center of Translational Medicine for Maternal and Children's Health, Lianyungang Maternal and Children's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Human Genetics, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA
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Wang Y, Zhang XA, Yang X, Wu ZH, Feng ZC. A MCP-1 promoter polymorphism at G-2518A is associated with spontaneous preterm birth. Mol Genet Genomics 2014; 290:289-96. [PMID: 25234163 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-014-0921-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is an important chemokine involved in the pathogenesis of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB). We examined whether the MCP-1 G-2518A polymorphism is associated with the risk of SPTB in a Chinese population. The MCP-1 G-2518A polymorphism was genotyped in 569 preterm singleton neonates and in 673 term neonates using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The distribution of the MCP-1 G-2518A genotype and the allele frequencies between the SPTB patients and the controls were not significantly different in the overall sample. However, we found that the AA genotype was associated with significantly increased susceptibility to very SPTB (<32 weeks) [odds ratio (OR) 2.07; 95 % confidence interval (CI), 1.27-3.36; P = 0.005) and extremely SPTB (<28 weeks) (OR 2.74; 95 % CI, 1.10-6.72; P = 0.014) compared with -2518G-positive genotypes (GG + GA genotypes). When extremely preterm neonates and very preterm neonates were combined, the AA genotype was also significantly associated with increased susceptibility to SPTB (OR 2.23; 95 % CI, 1.40-3.54; P < 0.001). The MCP-1 G-2518A polymorphism was not associated with increased susceptibility to SPTB in patients with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) or in those without PROM. Our findings suggest that the MCP-1 G-2518A polymorphism may plays a role in mediating the susceptibility to SPTB in the Chinese population. Knowledge of genetic factors contributing to the pathogenesis of SPTB may have implications for screening and treatment of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- BaYi Children's Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, 5 Nanmencang Road, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100700, People's Republic of China
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Koga K, Izumi G, Mor G, Fujii T, Osuga Y. Toll-like receptors at the maternal-fetal interface in normal pregnancy and pregnancy complications. Am J Reprod Immunol 2014; 72:192-205. [PMID: 24754320 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) form the major family of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that are involved in innate immunity. Innate immune responses against microorganisms at the maternal-fetal interface may have a significant impact on the success of pregnancy, as intrauterine infections have been shown to be strongly associated with certain complications of pregnancy. At the maternal-fetal interface, TLRs are expressed not only in the immune cells but also in non-immune cells such as trophoblasts and decidual cells; moreover, their expression patterns vary according to the stage of pregnancy. Here, we will update potential functions of TLRs in these cells, their recognition and response to microorganisms, and their involvement in the innate immunity. The impact of TLR-mediated innate immune response will be discussed via animal model studies, as well as clinical observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaori Koga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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LncRNA pathway involved in premature preterm rupture of membrane (PPROM): an epigenomic approach to study the pathogenesis of reproductive disorders. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79897. [PMID: 24312190 PMCID: PMC3842261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm birth (PTB) is a live birth delivered before 37 weeks of gestation (GW). About one-third of PTBs result from the preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). Up to the present, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying PPROM are not clearly understood. Here, we investigated the differential expression of long chain non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in placentas of PTBs with PPROM, and their possible involvement in the pathogenic pathways leading to PPROM. A total number of 1954, 776, and 1050 lncRNAs were identified with a microarray from placentas of PPROM (group A), which were compared to full-term birth (FTB) (group B), PTB (group C), and premature rupture of membrane (PROM) (group D) at full-term, respectively. Instead of investigating the individual pathogenic role of each lncRNA involved in the molecular mechanism underlying PPROM, we have focused on investigating the metabolic pathways and their functions to explore what is the likely association and how they are possibly involved in the development of PPROM. Six groups, including up-regulation and down-regulation in the comparisons of A vs. B, A vs. C, and A vs. D, of pathways were analyzed. Our results showed that 22 pathways were characterized as up-regulated 7 down-regulated in A vs. C, 18 up-regulated and 15 down-regulated in A vs. D, and 33 up-regulated and 7 down-regulated in A vs. B. Functional analysis showed pathways of infection and inflammatory response, ECM-receptor interactions, apoptosis, actin cytoskeleton, and smooth muscle contraction are the major pathogenic mechanisms involved in the development of PPROM. Characterization of these pathways through identification of lncRNAs opened new avenues for further investigating the epigenomic mechanisms of lncRNAs in PPROM as well as PTB.
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Wujcicka W, Wilczyński J, Nowakowska D. Alterations in TLRs as new molecular markers of congenital infections with Human cytomegalovirus? Pathog Dis 2013; 70:3-16. [PMID: 23929630 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632x.12083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a crucial role in non-specific immunity against various infections. The most common intrauterine infection, caused by Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), results in perinatal morbidity and mortality of primary infected fetuses. The induction of immune response by TLRs was observed in HCMV infections in murine models and cell lines cultured in vitro. Studies reported an immunological response in pregnant women with primary HCMV infection and TLR2 activity in collecting of HCMV particles in placental syncytiotrophoblasts (STs) in vivo and cultured ST, and in stimulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α expression and damage of villous trophoblast. Expression levels of TLRs are associated with cell type, stage of pregnancy and response to microorganisms. We show the effect of HCMV infection on the development of pregnancy as well as the effect of TLR single-nucleotide polymorphisms on the occurrence and course of infectious diseases, immune response and diseases of pregnancy. We report the impact of TLRs on the function of miRNAs and the altered expression levels of these molecules, as observed in HCMV infections. We suggest that the methylation status of TLR gene promoter regions as epigenetic modifications may be significant in the immune response to HCMV infections. We conclude that it is important to study in detail the molecular mechanisms of TLR function in the immune response to HCMV infections in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Wujcicka
- Department of Fetal-Maternal Medicine and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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Wang Y, Yang X, Zheng Y, Wu ZH, Zhang XA, Li QP, He XY, Wang CZ, Feng ZC. The SEPS1 G-105A polymorphism is associated with risk of spontaneous preterm birth in a Chinese population. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65657. [PMID: 23776519 PMCID: PMC3679159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays an important role in the etiology and pathophysiology of spontaneous preterm birth (SPTB), and selenoprotein S (SEPS1) is involved in regulating the inflammatory response. Recently the G-105A promoter polymorphism in SEPS1 was shown to increase pro-inflammatory cytokine expression. We examined whether this functional polymorphism was related to the risk of SPTB in a Chinese population. We also examined the impact of premature rupture of membranes (PROM) on susceptibility to SPTB. The SEPS1 G-105A polymorphism was genotyped in 569 preterm singleton neonates and 673 term neonates by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. χ2 tests and logistic regression analyses were used to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). We observed that, compared with the GG genotype, –105A positive genotypes (GA + AA genotypes) were associated with significantly increased susceptibility to SPTB (adjusted OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.36–2.57; P<0.001). The –105A positive genotypes were also significantly associated with increased susceptibility to SPTB, both in the patients with PROM (adjusted OR, 2.65; 95% CI, 1.73–4.03; P<0.001) and in those without PROM (adjusted OR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.09–2.24; P = 0.015). The –105A positive genotypes were also significantly associated with increased susceptibility to SPTB between extremely preterm neonates and controls (adjusted OR, 4.46; 95% CI, 1.86–10.73; P = 0.002) and between moderately preterm neonates and controls (adjusted OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.25–2.47; P = 0.001). Our findings suggest that the SEPS1 G-105A polymorphism contributes to the risk of developing SPTB in a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Yang
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
| | - Yong Zheng
- The 309 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Hao Wu
- Department of Infectious Disease Control, Beijing Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Ping Li
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Yu He
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Zhi Wang
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZCF); (CZW)
| | - Zhi-Chun Feng
- BaYi Children’s Hospital, General Military Hospital of Beijing PLA, P. R. China
- * E-mail: (ZCF); (CZW)
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Bitner A, Sobala W, Kalinka J. Association Between Maternal and Fetal TLR4 (896A>G, 1196C>T) Gene Polymorphisms and the Risk of Pre-term Birth in the Polish Population. Am J Reprod Immunol 2013; 69:272-80. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bitner
- Department of Perinatology; First Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
| | - Wojciech Sobala
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology; Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine; Lodz; Poland
| | - Jarosław Kalinka
- Department of Perinatology; First Chair of Gynecology and Obstetrics; Medical University of Lodz; Poland
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Wujcicka W, Wilczyński J, Nowakowska D. SNPs in toll-like receptor (TLR) genes as new genetic alterations associated with congenital toxoplasmosis? Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2012; 32:503-11. [PMID: 23161283 PMCID: PMC3589654 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-012-1763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nearly 40 % of pregnant women are infected with Toxoplasma gondii. Primary infections in pregnant women result, in approximately 30–50 % of patients, in transmission of T. gondii through the placenta to the fetus and then in congenital infections with severe, sometimes fatal course. Studies still do not provide sufficient data on the genetic bases of the immunity in fetuses, newborns, and infants with congenital toxoplasmosis. Previous research showed the contribution of toll-like receptors (TLRs) to non-specific immunity against T. gondii invasion, observed in T. gondii-infected animals, especially mice. So far, the activity of TLRs in defense against T. gondii infections was observed particularly for TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 molecules. Differential TLR activity associates with both cell types, including a variety of placental cells and stage of pregnancy. Several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) residing in three genes encoding these receptors were reported as significant genetic modifications of TLRs associated with different pregnancy disorders. Despite those data, genetic alterations of TLRs which have contributed to innate immune response against T. gondii infections are still not precisely described. In this article, we present reasons for the research of the plausible role of SNPs residing in TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 genes in congenital toxoplasmosis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wujcicka
- Department of Fetal-Maternal Medicine and Gynecology, Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 281/289 Rzgowska Street, Lodz 93-338, Poland
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30
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Inflammatory bowel disease and pregnancy: overlapping pathways. Transl Res 2012; 160:65-83. [PMID: 22687963 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2011] [Revised: 11/29/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported on the association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm birth. The exact mechanisms of action are unclear; however, several pathways and processes are involved in both IBD and pregnancy that may help explain this. In this review, we discuss the immune system's T helper cells and human leukocyte antigens, inflammation, its function, and the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), NOD-like receptors (NLRs), and prostaglandins in the inflammatory response. For each of these topics, we consider their involvement in IBD and pregnancy, and we speculate as to how they can lead to preterm birth. Finally, we review briefly corticosteroids, biologic therapies, and immunosuppressants for the treatment of IBD, as well as their safety in use during pregnancy, with special focus on preterm birth.
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Kharrazi M, Pearl M, Yang J, DeLorenze GN, Bean CJ, Callaghan WM, Grant A, Lackritz E, Romero R, Satten GA, Simhan H, Torres AR, Westover JB, Yolken R, Williamson DM. California Very Preterm Birth Study: design and characteristics of the population- and biospecimen bank-based nested case-control study. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2012; 26:250-63. [PMID: 22471684 PMCID: PMC3536480 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2011.01252.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Very preterm birth (VPTB) is a leading cause of infant mortality, morbidity and racial disparity in the US. The underlying causes of VPTB are multiple and poorly understood. The California Very Preterm Birth Study was conducted to discover maternal and infant genetic and environmental factors associated with VPTB. This paper describes the study design, population, data and specimen collection, laboratory methods and characteristics of the study population. Using a large, population-based cohort created through record linkage of livebirths delivered from 2000 to 2007 in five counties of southern California, and existing data and banked specimens from statewide prenatal and newborn screening, 1100 VPTB cases and 796 control mother-infant pairs were selected for study (385/200 White, 385/253 Hispanic and 330/343 Black cases/controls, respectively). Medical record abstraction of cases was conducted at over 50 hospitals to identify spontaneous VPTB, improve accuracy of gestational age, obtain relevant clinical data and exclude cases that did not meet eligibility criteria. VPTB was defined as birth at <32 weeks in Whites and Hispanics and <34 weeks in Blacks. Approximately 55% of all VPTBs were spontaneous and 45% had medical indications or other exclusions. Of the spontaneous VPTBs, approximately 41% were reported to have chorioamnionitis. While the current focus of the California Very Preterm Birth Study is to assess the role of candidate genetic markers on spontaneous VPTB, its design enables the pursuit of other research opportunities to identify social, clinical and biological determinants of different types of VPTB with the ultimate aim of reducing infant mortality, morbidity and racial disparities in these health outcomes in the US and elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kharrazi
- Genetic Disease Screening Program, California Department of Public Health, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
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Influence of common non-synonymous Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphisms on bronchopulmonary dysplasia and prematurity in human infants. PLoS One 2012; 7:e31351. [PMID: 22348075 PMCID: PMC3279371 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0031351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease and major risk factor for severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection among preterm infants. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is involved in oxidative injury responses in the lungs. Two non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene have been associated with RSV infection in children. However, it is unclear to what extent this association is confounded by BPD or prematurity. In this study, we analyzed two population-based cohorts of preterm infants at risk for BPD as well as ethnicity-matched infants born at term, to test whether the TLR4 polymorphisms Asp299Gly (rs4986790) and Thr399Ile (rs4986791) are independently associated with BPD or premature birth. In a Canadian cohort (n = 269) composed of a majority of Caucasian preterm infants (BPD incidence of 38%), the TLR4-299 heterozygous genotype was significantly under-represented in infants without BPD (1.6% of infants versus 12% in infants with severe BPD) after adjusting for twins, ethnicity, gestational age, birth weight and gender (p = 0.014). This association was not replicated in a Finnish cohort (n = 434) of premature singletons or first-born siblings of Caucasian descent, although the incidence of BPD was substantially lower in this latter population (15%). We did not detect a significant association (>2-fold) between TLR4 genotypes and prematurity (p>0.05). We conclude that these TLR4 genotypes may have, at best, a modest influence on BPD severity in some populations of high-risk preterm infants. Further studies are warranted to clarify how clinical heterogeneity may impact genetic susceptibility to BPD.
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Fukuyama A, Tanaka K, Kakizaki I, Kasai K, Chiba M, Nakamura T, Mizunuma H. Anti-inflammatory effect of proteoglycan and progesterone on human uterine cervical fibroblasts. Life Sci 2012; 90:484-8. [PMID: 22314502 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2011.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory effect of proteoglycan (PG) with that of progesterone (P) in the cultured fibroblasts from human uterine cervix. MAIN METHODS After obtaining informed consent, the cervix was collected from normal women undergoing total hysterectomy. The cervix was cultured until fibroblasts proliferated and had grown to confluence, then, the fibroblasts were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with or without PG, P and a combination of both; they were cultured for 24-48 h. The anti-inflammatory effects of PG and P were evaluated by the suppression of IL-6 or IL-8 secretion. The expression of the IL-6 or IL-8 gene and the expression of their protein were determined by real-time PCR, and ELISA, respectively. Activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 was evaluated by Western blotting. KEY FINDINGS LPS markedly enhanced gene and protein expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in human uterine cervical fibroblasts. The up-regulation of the IL-6 or IL-8 gene and protein expression by LPS was significantly suppressed with PG, P and a combination of both. Western blotting revealed that combination of PG and P showed more potent inhibition on LPS-stimulated TLR4 induction than that seen by each. SIGNIFICANCE This study showed that both PG and P have an inhibitory effect on LPS-induced inflammation. This anti-inflammatory effect of PG and P was augmented by co-administration of both, suggesting for the first time that PG has an anti-inflammatory effect on human uterine cervical fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asami Fukuyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan.
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Pereyra S, Velazquez T, Bertoni B, Sapiro R. Rapid multiplex high resolution melting method to analyze inflammatory related SNPs in preterm birth. BMC Res Notes 2012; 5:69. [PMID: 22280494 PMCID: PMC3298535 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-5-69] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Complex traits like cancer, diabetes, obesity or schizophrenia arise from an intricate interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Complex disorders often cluster in families without a clear-cut pattern of inheritance. Genomic wide association studies focus on the detection of tens or hundreds individual markers contributing to complex diseases. In order to test if a subset of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from candidate genes are associated to a condition of interest in a particular individual or group of people, new techniques are needed. High-resolution melting (HRM) analysis is a new method in which polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and mutations scanning are carried out simultaneously in a closed tube, making the procedure fast, inexpensive and easy. Preterm birth (PTB) is considered a complex disease, where genetic and environmental factors interact to carry out the delivery of a newborn before 37 weeks of gestation. It is accepted that inflammation plays an important role in pregnancy and PTB. Methods Here, we used real time-PCR followed by HRM analysis to simultaneously identify several gene variations involved in inflammatory pathways on preterm labor. SNPs from TLR4, IL6, IL1 beta and IL12RB genes were analyzed in a case-control study. The results were confirmed either by sequencing or by PCR followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results We were able to simultaneously recognize the variations of four genes with similar accuracy than other methods. In order to obtain non-overlapping melting temperatures, the key step in this strategy was primer design. Genotypic frequencies found for each SNP are in concordance with those previously described in similar populations. None of the studied SNPs were associated with PTB. Conclusions Several gene variations related to the same inflammatory pathway were screened through a new flexible, fast and non expensive method with the purpose of analyzing their association to PTB. It can easily be used for simultaneously analyze any set of SNPs, either as the first choice for new association studies or as a complement to large-scale genotyping analysis. Given that inflammatory pathway is in the base of several diseases, it is potentially useful to analyze a broad range of disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Pereyra
- Departament of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of the Republic, Gral, Flores 2125, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Gillaux C, Méhats C, Vaiman D, Cabrol D, Breuiller-Fouché M. Functional screening of TLRs in human amniotic epithelial cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:2766-74. [PMID: 21775685 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1100217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine infection is a major cause of spontaneous preterm birth. Amniotic epithelial cells represent the first line of defense against intra-amniotic bacteria. We hypothesize that this epithelial cell barrier is able to recognize and respond to pathogens through the function of TLRs, which are crucial regulators of the innate immune system. In this study, we describe the expression of transcripts for TLR1-TLR10 in human amniotic epithelial cells. We show that amniotic epithelial cells express functional TLR5, TLR6/2, and TLR4. Activation by TLR5 and TLR6/2 agonists produces IL-6 and IL-8, concomitantly with the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, matrix metalloproteinase-9 induction, and PTGS2 expression. In contrast, TLR4 activation reduced amniotic epithelial cell viability and induced cell apoptosis evidenced by an elevated Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cleavage of caspase-3. These data suggest specific TLR-mediated functions in human amniotic epithelial cells for initiating different immune responses, which ultimately may lead to preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Gillaux
- INSERM, U1016, Département Génétique et Développement, Institut Cochin, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 8104, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
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Li R, Ackerman WE, Summerfield TL, Yu L, Gulati P, Zhang J, Huang K, Romero R, Kniss DA. Inflammatory gene regulatory networks in amnion cells following cytokine stimulation: translational systems approach to modeling human parturition. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20560. [PMID: 21655103 PMCID: PMC3107214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2011] [Accepted: 05/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A majority of the studies examining the molecular regulation of human labor have been conducted using single gene approaches. While the technology to produce multi-dimensional datasets is readily available, the means for facile analysis of such data are limited. The objective of this study was to develop a systems approach to infer regulatory mechanisms governing global gene expression in cytokine-challenged cells in vitro, and to apply these methods to predict gene regulatory networks (GRNs) in intrauterine tissues during term parturition. To this end, microarray analysis was applied to human amnion mesenchymal cells (AMCs) stimulated with interleukin-1β, and differentially expressed transcripts were subjected to hierarchical clustering, temporal expression profiling, and motif enrichment analysis, from which a GRN was constructed. These methods were then applied to fetal membrane specimens collected in the absence or presence of spontaneous term labor. Analysis of cytokine-responsive genes in AMCs revealed a sterile immune response signature, with promoters enriched in response elements for several inflammation-associated transcription factors. In comparison to the fetal membrane dataset, there were 34 genes commonly upregulated, many of which were part of an acute inflammation gene expression signature. Binding motifs for nuclear factor-κB were prominent in the gene interaction and regulatory networks for both datasets; however, we found little evidence to support the utilization of pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) signaling. The tissue specimens were also enriched for transcripts governed by hypoxia-inducible factor. The approach presented here provides an uncomplicated means to infer global relationships among gene clusters involved in cellular responses to labor-associated signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Li
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio, United States of America
| | - William E. Ackerman
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio, United States of America
| | - Taryn L. Summerfield
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio,
United States of America
| | - Parul Gulati
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio,
United States of America
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Kun Huang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Intramural Division, Eunice Kennedy Shriver
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of
Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, United
States of America
- Hutzel Women's Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, United States of
America
| | - Douglas A. Kniss
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Laboratory of Perinatal Research,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus,
Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University,
Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Romero R, Friel LA, Velez Edwards DR, Kusanovic JP, Hassan SS, Mazaki-Tovi S, Vaisbuch E, Kim CJ, Erez O, Chaiworapongsa T, Pearce BD, Bartlett J, Salisbury BA, Anant MK, Vovis GF, Lee MS, Gomez R, Behnke E, Oyarzun E, Tromp G, Williams SM, Menon R. A genetic association study of maternal and fetal candidate genes that predispose to preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM). Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 203:361.e1-361.e30. [PMID: 20673868 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/18/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether maternal/fetal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes are associated with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (pPROM). STUDY DESIGN A case-control study was conducted in patients with pPROM (225 mothers and 155 fetuses) and 599 mothers and 628 fetuses with a normal pregnancy; 190 candidate genes and 775 SNPs were studied. Single locus/haplotype association analyses were performed; false discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing (q* = 0.15). RESULTS First, a SNP in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 in mothers was significantly associated with pPROM (odds ratio, 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.47-3.07; P = .000068), and this association remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Second, haplotypes for Alpha 3 type IV collagen isoform precursor in the mother were associated with pPROM (global P = .003). Third, multilocus analysis identified a 3-locus model, which included maternal SNPs in collagen type I alpha 2, defensin alpha 5 gene, and endothelin 1. CONCLUSION DNA variants in a maternal gene involved in extracellular matrix metabolism doubled the risk of pPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development/National Institutes of Health/Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Franchim CS, Sass N, Mattar R, Pendeloski KPT, Lin LH, Torloni MR, Daher S. Inflammatory Mediators Gene Polymorphisms in Preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2010; 30:338-46. [DOI: 10.3109/10641950903455389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bitner A, Kalinka J. IL-1β, IL-6 promoter, TNF-α promoter and IL-1RA gene polymorphisms and the risk of preterm delivery due to preterm premature rupture of membranes in a population of Polish women. Arch Med Sci 2010; 6:552-7. [PMID: 22371799 PMCID: PMC3284070 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2010.14467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 02/15/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Our previous study revealed that anti-inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms increase the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery (PD) in a population of Polish women. Different genetic background of PD due to preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) than PD without pPROM has been suggested. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the maternal carriage of polymorphic alleles of the following genes: interleukin 1β(IL-1β [+3953C>T]), interleukin 6 promoter (IL-6 [-174G>C]), tumour necrosis factor promoter (TNF-α [-308G>A]) and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) and the risk of PD caused exclusively by pPROM in a population of Polish women. MATERIAL AND METHODS A case-control study. 95 Caucasian women were examined including 32 cases and 63 controls. Case subjects experienced a delivery at less than 36 weeks and 6 days of gestation due exclusively to pPROM while control subjects gave birth at term. Polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS NO STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLYMORPHISMS OF EXAMINED GENES AND RISK OF PD DUE TO PPROM IN A POPULATION OF POLISH WOMEN WAS FOUND: OR = 0.84 (95% CI: 0.34-2.01) for IL-1β, OR = 0.77 (95% CI: 0.27-2.13) for IL-6, OR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.26-1.90) for TNF-α and OR = 1.74 (95% CI: 0.66-4.64) for IL-1RN. CONCLUSIONS Maternal carriage of polymorphic alleles of IL-1β, IL-6 promoter, TNF-α promoter and IL-1RA seems to have no impact on the risk of PD due to pPROM in the population of Polish women.The genetic contribution and pathomechanism of PD related to pPROM seems to differ from those of spontaneous PD without pPROM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Bitner
- Department of Perinatology, First Chair of Gynecology and Obsterics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland
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Fan BG, Andrén-Sandberg A. Acute pancreatitis. NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2010; 2:211-4. [PMID: 22574290 PMCID: PMC3347645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis continues to be a serious illness, and the patients with acute pancreatitis are at risk to develop different complications from ongoing pancreatic inflammation. AIMS The present review is to highlight the classification, treatment and prognosis of acute pancreatitis. MATERIAL #ENTITYSTARTX00026; METHODS We reviewed the English-language literature (Medline) addressing pancreatitis. RESULTS Acute pancreatitis is frequently caused by gallstone disease or excess alcohol ingestion. There are a number of important issues regarding clinical highlights in the classification, treatment and prognosis of acute pancreatitis, and treatment options for complications of acute pancreatitis including pancreatic pseudocysts. CONCLUSIONS Multidisciplinary approach should be used for the management of the patient with acute pancreatitis.
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Romero R, Velez DR, Kusanovic JP, Hassan SS, Mazaki-Tovi S, Vaisbuch E, Kim CJ, Chaiworapongsa T, Pearce B, Friel LA, Bartlett J, Anant MK, Salisbury BA, Vovis GF, Lee MS, Gomez R, Behnke E, Oyarzun E, Tromp G, Williams SM, Menon R. Identification of fetal and maternal single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes that predispose to spontaneous preterm labor with intact membranes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2010; 202:431.e1-34. [PMID: 20452482 PMCID: PMC3604889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 01/31/2010] [Accepted: 03/15/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to determine whether maternal/fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in candidate genes are associated with spontaneous preterm labor/delivery. STUDY DESIGN A genetic association study was conducted in 223 mothers and 179 fetuses (preterm labor with intact membranes who delivered <37 weeks of gestation [preterm birth (PTB)]), and 599 mothers and 628 fetuses (normal pregnancy); 190 candidate genes and 775 SNPs were studied. Single locus/haplotype association analyses were performed; the false discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing. RESULTS The strongest single locus associations with PTB were interleukin-6 receptor 1 (fetus; P=.000148) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (mother; P=.000197), which remained significant after correction for multiple comparisons. Global haplotype analysis indicated an association between a fetal DNA variant in insulin-like growth factor F2 and maternal alpha 3 type IV collagen isoform 1 (global, P=.004 and .007, respectively). CONCLUSION An SNP involved in controlling fetal inflammation (interleukin-6 receptor 1) and DNA variants in maternal genes encoding for proteins involved in extracellular matrix metabolism approximately doubled the risk of PTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Digna R. Velez
- Department of Human Genetics, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, and John P. Hussman Institute of Human Genomics and University of Miami, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Sonia S. Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Brad Pearce
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lara A. Friel
- Perinatology Research Branch, NICHD/NIH/DHHS, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jacquelaine Bartlett
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | | | | | - Min Seob Lee
- Genaissance Pharmaceuticals, Inc., New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ricardo Gomez
- CEDIP (Center for Perinatal Diagnosis and Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sotero del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ernesto Behnke
- CEDIP (Center for Perinatal Diagnosis and Research), Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sotero del Rio Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Enrique Oyarzun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gerard Tromp
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Scott M. Williams
- Center for Human Genetics Research, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ramkumar Menon
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Li L, Kang J, Lei W. Role of Toll-like receptor 4 in inflammation-induced preterm delivery. Mol Hum Reprod 2009; 16:267-72. [DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gap106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Genetic association of Toll-like receptor 4 with cervical cytokine concentrations during pregnancy. Genes Immun 2009; 10:636-40. [PMID: 19554026 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2009.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are critical components of innate immunity, recognizing bacterial microorganisms and initiating local inflammatory responses. In this study, we assessed the impact of genetic variation in TLR genes on cervical concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and determined whether this relationship is influenced by bacterial vaginosis (BV). A total of 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLR2 and 12 in TLR4 were examined for associations with 10 cervical pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine concentrations in 91 African-American (AA) and 97 European-American (EA) women in the first trimester of pregnancy. In EAs, individuals with the TT genotype at rs1554973 (TLR4) had higher cervical concentrations of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) compared with those with the CT or TT genotypes (P=1.5 x 10(-5)), which remains significant after correction for multiple testing. This association was more significant in women with BV (P=5 x 10(-3)) than those without BV (P=0.02). This SNP was also associated with cervical concentrations of IL-1a, IL-6, IL-8 and IP10 (interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10) (P=6 x 10(-3), 0.03, 0.05, 6 x 10(-3), respectively). Our study demonstrates that TLR4 is an important mediator of pro-inflammatory cervical immune responses, particularly in EA women and especially in those with microbial disorders such as BV.
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