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Vesty EF, Whitbread AL, Needs S, Tanko W, Jones K, Halliday N, Ghaderiardakani F, Liu X, Cámara M, Coates JC. Cross-kingdom signalling regulates spore germination in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2614. [PMID: 32054953 PMCID: PMC7018845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59467-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants live in close association with microorganisms that can have beneficial or detrimental effects. The activity of bacteria in association with flowering plants has been extensively analysed. Bacteria use quorum-sensing as a way of monitoring their population density and interacting with their environment. A key group of quorum sensing molecules in Gram-negative bacteria are the N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs), which are known to affect the growth and development of both flowering plants, including crops, and marine algae. Thus, AHLs have potentially important roles in agriculture and aquaculture. Nothing is known about the effects of AHLs on the earliest-diverging land plants, thus the evolution of AHL-mediated bacterial-plant/algal interactions is unknown. In this paper, we show that AHLs can affect spore germination in a representative of the earliest plants on land, the Bryophyte moss Physcomitrella patens. Furthermore, we demonstrate that sporophytes of some wild isolates of Physcomitrella patens are associated with AHL-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor F Vesty
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,University Centre Shrewsbury, Guildhall, Frankwell Quay, Shrewsbury, Shropshire, UK
| | - Amy L Whitbread
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Sarah Needs
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.,School of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, Open University, Walton Hall, Kents Hill, Milton Keynes, UK
| | - Wesal Tanko
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kirsty Jones
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nigel Halliday
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Xiaoguang Liu
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Miguel Cámara
- National Biofilm Innovations Centre, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Juliet C Coates
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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Rozpądek P, Domka AM, Nosek M, Ważny R, Jędrzejczyk RJ, Wiciarz M, Turnau K. The Role of Strigolactone in the Cross-Talk Between Arabidopsis thaliana and the Endophytic Fungus Mucor sp. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:441. [PMID: 29615990 PMCID: PMC5867299 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last years the role of fungal endophytes in plant biology has been extensively studied. A number of species were shown to positively affect plant growth and fitness, thus attempts have been made to utilize these microorganisms in agriculture and phytoremediation. Plant-fungi symbiosis requires multiple metabolic adjustments of both of the interacting organisms. The mechanisms of these adaptations are mostly unknown, however, plant hormones seem to play a central role in this process. The plant hormone strigolactone (SL) was previously shown to activate hyphae branching of mycorrhizal fungi and to negatively affect pathogenic fungi growth. Its role in the plant-endophytic fungi interaction is unknown. The effect of the synthetic SL analog GR24 on the endophytic fungi Mucor sp. growth, respiration, H2O2 production and the activity of antioxidant enzymes was evaluated. We found fungi colony growth rate was decreased in a GR24 concentration dependent manner. Additionally, the fungi accumulated more H2O2 what was accompanied by an altered activity of antioxidant enzymes. Symbiosis with Mucor sp. positively affected Arabidopsis thaliana growth, but SL was necessary for the establishment of the beneficial interaction. A. thaliana biosynthesis mutants max1 and max4, but not the SL signaling mutant max2 did not develop the beneficial phenotype. The negative growth response was correlated with alterations in SA homeostasis and a significant upregulation of genes encoding selected plant defensins. The fungi were also shown to be able to decompose SL in planta and to downregulate the expression of SL biosynthesis genes. Additionally, we have shown that GR24 treatment with a dose of 1 μM activates the production of SA in A. thaliana. The results presented here provide evidence for a role of SL in the plant-endophyte cross-talk during the mutualistic interaction between Arabidopsis thaliana and Mucor sp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Rozpądek
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka M. Domka
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Michał Nosek
- Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Rafał Ważny
- Małopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Monika Wiciarz
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Turnau
- Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Vijayakumar P, Datta S, Dolan L. ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE4 (RSL4) promotes root hair elongation by transcriptionally regulating the expression of genes required for cell growth. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 212:944-953. [PMID: 27452638 PMCID: PMC5111604 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ROOT HAIR DEFECTIVE SIX-LIKE4 (RSL4) is necessary and sufficient for root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. Root hair length is determined by the duration for which RSL4 protein is present in the developing root hair. The aim of this research was to identify genes regulated by RSL4 that affect root hair growth. To identify genes regulated by RSL4, we identified genes whose expression was elevated by induction of RSL4 activity in the presence of an inhibitor of translation. Thirty-four genes were identified as putative targets of RSL transcriptional regulation, and the results suggest that the activities of SUPPRESSOR OF ACTIN (SAC1), EXOCSYT SUBUNIT 70A1 (EXO70A1), PEROXIDASE7 (PRX7) and CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE11 (CPK11) are required for root hair elongation. These data indicate that RSL4 controls cell growth by controlling the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cell signalling, cell wall modification and secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sourav Datta
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3RBUK
| | - Liam Dolan
- Department of Plant SciencesUniversity of OxfordOxfordOX1 3RBUK
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Pandya-Kumar N, Shema R, Kumar M, Mayzlish-Gati E, Levy D, Zemach H, Belausov E, Wininger S, Abu-Abied M, Kapulnik Y, Koltai H. Strigolactone analog GR24 triggers changes in PIN2 polarity, vesicle trafficking and actin filament architecture. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2014; 202:1184-1196. [PMID: 24571327 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Strigolactones (SLs) are plant hormones that regulate shoot and root development in a MAX2-dependent manner. The mechanism underlying SLs' effects on roots is unclear. We used root hair elongation to measure root response to SLs. We examined the effects of GR24 (a synthetic, biologically active SL analog) on localization of the auxin efflux transporter PIN2, endosomal trafficking, and F-actin architecture and dynamics in the plasma membrane (PM) of epidermal cells of the primary root elongation zone in wildtype (WT) Arabidopsis and the SL-insensitive mutant max2. We also recorded the response to GR24 of trafficking (tir3), actin (der1) and PIN2 (eir1) mutants. GR24 increased polar localization of PIN2 in the PM of epidermal cells and accumulation of PIN2-containing brefeldin A (BFA) bodies, increased ARA7-labeled endosomal trafficking, reduced F-actin bundling and enhanced actin dynamics, all in a MAX2-dependent manner. Most of the der1 and tir3 mutant lines also displayed reduced sensitivity to GR24 with respect to root hair elongation. We suggest that SLs increase PIN2 polar localization, PIN2 endocytosis, endosomal trafficking, actin debundling and actin dynamics in a MAX2-dependent fashion. This enhancement might underlie the WT root's response to SLs, and suggests noncell autonomous activity of SLs in roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirali Pandya-Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Rony Shema
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Einav Mayzlish-Gati
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Danny Levy
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Hanita Zemach
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Eduard Belausov
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Smadar Wininger
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Mohamad Abu-Abied
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Yoram Kapulnik
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
| | - Hinanit Koltai
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 50250, Israel
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Balzergue C, Chabaud M, Barker DG, Bécard G, Rochange SF. High phosphate reduces host ability to develop arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis without affecting root calcium spiking responses to the fungus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:426. [PMID: 24194742 PMCID: PMC3810610 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis associates soil fungi with the roots of the majority of plants species and represents a major source of soil phosphorus acquisition. Mycorrhizal interactions begin with an exchange of molecular signals between the two partners. A root signaling pathway is recruited, for which the perception of fungal signals triggers oscillations of intracellular calcium concentration. High phosphate availability is known to inhibit the establishment and/or persistence of this symbiosis, thereby favoring the direct, non-symbiotic uptake of phosphorus by the root system. In this study, Medicago truncatula plants were used to investigate the effects of phosphate supply on the early stages of the interaction. When plants were supplied with high phosphate fungal attachment to the roots was drastically reduced. An experimental system was designed to individually study the effects of phosphate supply on the fungus, on the roots, and on root exudates. These experiments revealed that the most important effects of high phosphate supply were on the roots themselves, which became unable to host mycorrhizal fungi even when these had been appropriately stimulated. The ability of the roots to perceive their fungal partner was then investigated by monitoring nuclear calcium spiking in response to fungal signals. This response did not appear to be affected by high phosphate supply. In conclusion, high levels of phosphate predominantly impact the plant host, but apparently not in its ability to perceive the fungal partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coline Balzergue
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mireille Chabaud
- Laboratory of Plant–Microbe Interactions, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (UMR441), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR2594)Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - David G. Barker
- Laboratory of Plant–Microbe Interactions, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (UMR441), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (UMR2594)Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Guillaume Bécard
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Soizic F. Rochange
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR5546Castanet-Tolosan, France
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