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Li S, Tan XY, He Z, Shen C, Li YL, Qin L, Zhao CQ, Luo GH, Fang JC, Ji R. The dynamics of N 6-methyladenine RNA modification in resistant and susceptible rice varieties responding to rice stem borer damage. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38831720 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent modification in cellular RNA which orchestrates diverse physiological and pathological processes during stress response. However, the differential m6A modifications that cope with herbivore stress in resistant and susceptible crop varieties remain unclear. Here, we found that rice stem borer (RSB) larvae grew better on indica rice (e.g., MH63, IR64, Nanjing 11) than on japonica rice varieties (e.g., Nipponbare, Zhonghua 11, Xiushui 11). Then, transcriptome-wide m6A profiling of representative resistant (Nipponbare) and susceptible (MH63) rice varieties were performed using a nanopore direct RNA sequencing approach, to reveal variety-specific m6A modifications against RSB. Upon RSB infestation, m6A methylation occurred in actively expressed genes in Nipponbare and MH63, but the number of methylation sites decreased across rice chromosomes. Integrative analysis showed that m6A methylation levels were closely associated with transcriptional regulation. Genes involved in herbivorous resistance related to mitogen-activated protein kinase, jasmonic acid (JA), and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways, as well as JA-mediated trypsin protease inhibitors, were heavily methylated by m6A, and their expression was more pronounced in RSB-infested Nipponbare than in RSB-infested MH63, which may have contributed to RSB resistance in Nipponbare. Therefore, dynamics of m6A modifications act as the main regulatory strategy for expression of genes involved in plant-insect interactions, which is attributed to differential responses of resistant and susceptible rice varieties to RSB infestation. These findings could contribute to developing molecular breeding strategies for controlling herbivorous pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin-Yang Tan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen He
- School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chen Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ya-Li Li
- Wuhan Benagen Technology Company Limited, Wuhan, China
| | - Lang Qin
- School of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Qing Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guang-Hua Luo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Ji-Chao Fang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Ji
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, Jiangsu Province, China
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University/Key Laboratory for Conservation and Use of Important Biological Resources of Anhui Province, Wuhu, Anhui Province, China
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van Kleeff PJM, Mastop M, Sun P, Dangol S, van Doore E, Dekker HL, Kramer G, Lee S, Ryu CM, de Vos M, Schuurink RC. Discovery of Three Bemisia tabaci Effectors and Their Effect on Gene Expression in Planta. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2024; 37:380-395. [PMID: 38114195 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-04-23-0044-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci (whitefly) is a polyphagous agroeconomic pest species complex. Two members of this species complex, Mediterranean (MED) and Middle-East-Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1), have a worldwide distribution and have been shown to manipulate plant defenses through effectors. In this study, we used three different strategies to identify three MEAM1 proteins that can act as effectors. Effector B1 was identified using a bioinformatics-driven effector-mining strategy, whereas effectors S1 and P1 were identified in the saliva of whiteflies collected from artificial diet and in phloem exudate of tomato on which nymphs were feeding, respectively. These three effectors were B. tabaci specific and able to increase whitefly fecundity when transiently expressed in tobacco plants (Nicotiana tabacum). Moreover, they reduced growth of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci in Nicotiana benthamiana. All three effectors changed gene expression in planta, and B1 and S1 also changed phytohormone levels. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis pinpointed plant-pathogen interaction and photosynthesis as the main enriched pathways for all three effectors. Our data thus show the discovery and validation of three new B. tabaci MEAM1 effectors that increase whitefly fecundity and modulate plant immunity. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J M van Kleeff
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke Mastop
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Pulu Sun
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Sarmina Dangol
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Doore
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Henk L Dekker
- Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry of Biomolecules, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Gertjan Kramer
- Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry of Biomolecules, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Soohyun Lee
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Molecular Phytobacteriology Laboratory, Infectious Disease Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | | | - Robert C Schuurink
- Green Life Sciences Research Cluster, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands
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Chen S, Ye M, Kuai P, Chen L, Lou Y. Silencing an ATP-Dependent Caseinolytic Protease Proteolytic Subunit Gene Enhances the Resistance of Rice to Nilaparvata lugens. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3699. [PMID: 38612510 PMCID: PMC11011769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The ATP-dependent caseinolytic protease (Clp) system has been reported to play an important role in plant growth, development, and defense against pathogens. However, whether the Clp system is involved in plant defense against herbivores remains largely unclear. We explore the role of the Clp system in rice defenses against brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens by combining chemical analysis, transcriptome, and molecular analyses, as well as insect bioassays. We found the expression of a rice Clp proteolytic subunit gene, OsClpP6, was suppressed by infestation of BPH gravid females and mechanical wounding. Silencing OsClpP6 enhanced the level of BPH-induced jasmonic acid (JA), JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile), and ABA, which in turn promoted the production of BPH-elicited rice volatiles and increased the resistance of rice to BPH. Field trials showed that silencing OsClpP6 decreased the population densities of BPH and WBPH. We also observed that silencing OsClpP6 decreased chlorophyll content in rice leaves at early developmental stages and impaired rice root growth and seed setting rate. These findings demonstrate that an OsClpP6-mediated Clp system in rice was involved in plant growth-defense trade-offs by affecting the biosynthesis of defense-related signaling molecules in chloroplasts. Moreover, rice plants, after recognizing BPH infestation, can enhance rice resistance to BPH by decreasing the Clp system activity. The work might provide a new way to breed rice varieties that are resistant to herbivores.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Breeding and Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (S.C.); (M.Y.); (P.K.); (L.C.)
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Lee YJ, Pan Y, Lim D, Park SH, Sin SI, Kwack K, Park KY. Broccoli Cultivated with Deep Sea Water Mineral Fertilizer Enhances Anti-Cancer and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of AOM/DSS-Induced Colorectal Cancer in C57BL/6N Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1650. [PMID: 38338927 PMCID: PMC10855752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the alleviating effect of broccoli grown with deep sea water mineral (DSWM) fertilizer extracted from deep sea water on the development of colorectal cancer in C57BL/6N mice treated with AOM/DSS. Naturaldream Fertilizer Broccoli (NFB) cultured with deep sea water minerals (DSWM) showed a higher antioxidant effect and mineral content. In addition, orally administered NFB, showed a level of recovery in the colon and spleen tissues of mice compared with those in normal mice through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Orally administered NFB showed the inhibition of the expression of inflammatory cytokine factors IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, IFN-γ, and IL-12 while increasing the expression of IL-10. Furthermore, the expression of inflammatory cytokines and NF-κB in the liver tissue was inhibited, and that of inflammatory enzymes, such as COX-2 and iNOS, was reduced. In the colon tissue, the expression of p53 and p21 associated with cell cycle arrest increased, and that of Bcl-2 associated with apoptosis decreased. Additionally, the expression of Bax, Bad, Bim, Bak, caspase 9, and caspase 3 increased, indicating enhanced activation of apoptosis-related factors. These results demonstrate that oral administration of broccoli cultivated using DSWM significantly restores spleen and colon tissues and simultaneously inhibits the NF-κB pathway while significantly decreasing cytokine expression. Moreover, by inducing cell cycle arrest and activating cell apoptosis, they also suggest alleviating AOM/DSS-induced colon cancer symptoms in C57BL/6N mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Jun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (Y.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Yanni Pan
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (Y.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Daewoo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (Y.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Seung-Hwan Park
- Agriculture Research Center for Carbon Neutral and Healing, Gurye-gun 57607, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Il Sin
- Agriculture Research Center for Carbon Neutral and Healing, Gurye-gun 57607, Republic of Korea
| | - KyuBum Kwack
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea; (Y.-J.L.); (Y.P.); (D.L.)
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Integrative Medicine, CHA University, Seongnam 13488, Republic of Korea
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5
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Zhou H, Zhang J, Bai L, Liu J, Li H, Hua J, Luo S. Chemical Structure Diversity and Extensive Biological Functions of Specialized Metabolites in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17053. [PMID: 38069376 PMCID: PMC10707428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is thought to have been domesticated many times independently in China and India, and many modern cultivars are available. All rice tissues are rich in specialized metabolites (SPMs). To date, a total of 181 terpenoids, 199 phenolics, 41 alkaloids, and 26 other types of compounds have been detected in rice. Some volatile sesquiterpenoids released by rice are known to attract the natural enemies of rice herbivores, and play an indirect role in defense. Momilactone, phytocassane, and oryzalic acid are the most common diterpenoids found in rice, and are found at all growth stages. Indolamides, including serotonin, tryptamine, and N-benzoylserotonin, are the main rice alkaloids. The SPMs mainly exhibit defense functions with direct roles in resisting herbivory and pathogenic infections. In addition, phenolics are also important in indirect defense, and enhance wax deposition in leaves and promote the lignification of stems. Meanwhile, rice SPMs also have allelopathic effects and are crucial in the regulation of the relationships between different plants or between plants and microorganisms. In this study, we reviewed the various structures and functions of rice SPMs. This paper will provide useful information and methodological resources to inform the improvement of rice resistance and the promotion of the rice industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Juan Hua
- Research Center of Protection and Utilization of Plant Resources, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China (J.L.)
| | - Shihong Luo
- Research Center of Protection and Utilization of Plant Resources, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China (J.L.)
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6
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Huang Y, Hu B, Wei Z, Shan S, Guo C, Zhang H, Li Y, Chen J, Kang X, Huang H, Sun Z. A secreted salivary effector from Riptortus pedestris impairs soybean defense through modulating phytohormone signaling pathways. INSECT SCIENCE 2023; 30:1637-1647. [PMID: 37144452 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius), one of the major piercing-sucking insects in soybeans, causes delayed plant senescence and abnormal pods, known as staygreen syndrome. Recent research has shown that direct feeding of this insect is the major cause of soybean staygreen syndrome. However, it remains unclear whether R. pedestris salivary proteins play vital roles in insect infestation. Here, we found that 4 secretory salivary proteins can induce cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana by transient heterologous expression. The cell death induced by Rp2155 relies on the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat helper, HSP90. Tissue-specificity assays indicated that Rp2155 is specifically expressed in the salivary gland of R. pedestris and is significantly induced during insect feeding. The expression of salicylic acid (SA)-, jasmonic acid (JA)-related genes was increased in soybean when fed by Rp2155-silenced R. pedestris. More importantly, soybean staygreen symptoms caused by R. pedestris were significantly alleviated when Rp2155 was silenced. Together, these results suggest that the salivary effector Rp2155 is involved in promoting insect infestation by suppressing the JA and SA pathways, and it can be considered as a potential RNA interference target for insect control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Biao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhongyan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shiqi Shan
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chunyun Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xue Kang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Haijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zongtao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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7
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Archer L, Mondal HA, Behera S, Twayana M, Patel M, Louis J, Nalam VJ, Keereetaweep J, Chowdhury Z, Shah J. Interplay between MYZUS PERSICAE-INDUCED LIPASE 1 and OPDA signaling in limiting green peach aphid infestation on Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:6860-6873. [PMID: 37696760 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
MYZUS PERSICAE-INDUCED LIPASE1 (MPL1) encodes a lipase in Arabidopsis thaliana that is required for limiting infestation by the green peach aphid (GPA; Myzus persicae), an important phloem sap-consuming insect pest. Previously, we demonstrated that MPL1 expression was up-regulated in response to GPA infestation, and GPA fecundity was higher on the mpl1 mutant, compared with the wild-type (WT), and lower on 35S:MPL1 plants that constitutively expressed MPL1 from the 35S promoter. Here, we show that the MPL1 promoter is active in the phloem and expression of the MPL1 coding sequence from the phloem-specific SUC2 promoter in mpl1 is sufficient to restore resistance to GPA. The GPA infestation-associated up-regulation of MPL1 requires CYCLOPHILIN 20-3 (CYP20-3), which encodes a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA)-binding protein that is involved in OPDA signaling, and is required for limiting GPA infestation. OPDA promotes MPL1 expression to limit GPA fecundity, a process that requires CYP20-3 function. These results along with our observation that constitutive expression of MPL1 from the 35S promoter restores resistance to GPA in the cyp20-3 mutant, and MPL1 acts in a feedback loop to limit OPDA levels in GPA-infested plants, suggest that an interplay between MPL1, OPDA, and CYP20-3 contributes to resistance to GPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lani Archer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Hossain A Mondal
- College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences (CPGS-AS, under Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur), Meghalaya 793103, India
| | - Sumita Behera
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Moon Twayana
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Monika Patel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Vamsi J Nalam
- Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | | | - Zulkarnain Chowdhury
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Jyoti Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Jimenez-Aleman GH, Jander G. Maize defense against insect herbivory: A novel role for 9-LOX-derived oxylipins. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1484-1486. [PMID: 37653726 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, 533 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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9
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Xiang X, Liu S, Li H, Danso Ofori A, Yi X, Zheng A. Defense Strategies of Rice in Response to the Attack of the Herbivorous Insect, Chilo suppressalis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14361. [PMID: 37762665 PMCID: PMC10531896 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chilo suppressalis is a notorious pest that attacks rice, feeding throughout the entire growth period of rice and posing a serious threat to rice production worldwide. Due to the boring behavior and overlapping generations of C. suppressalis, the pest is difficult to control. Moreover, no rice variety with high resistance to the striped stem borer (SSB) has been found in the available rice germplasm, which also poses a challenge to controlling the SSB. At present, chemical control is widely used in agricultural production to manage the problem, but its effect is limited and it also pollutes the environment. Therefore, developing genetic resistance is the only way to avoid the use of chemical insecticides. This article primarily focuses on the research status of the induced defense of rice against the SSB from the perspective of immunity, in which plant hormones (such as jasmonic acid and ethylene) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) play an important role in the immune response of rice to the SSB. The article also reviews progress in using transgenic technology to study the relationship between rice and the SSB as well as exploring the resistance genes. Lastly, the article discusses prospects for future research on rice's resistance to the SSB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Aiping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (X.X.); (S.L.); (H.L.); (A.D.O.); (X.Y.)
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10
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Yuan P, Borrego E, Park YS, Gorman Z, Huang PC, Tolley J, Christensen SA, Blanford J, Kilaru A, Meeley R, Koiwa H, Vidal S, Huffaker A, Schmelz E, Kolomiets MV. 9,10-KODA, an α-ketol produced by the tonoplast-localized 9-lipoxygenase ZmLOX5, plays a signaling role in maize defense against insect herbivory. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1283-1303. [PMID: 37434355 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
13-Lipoxygenases (LOXs) initiate the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA), the best-understood oxylipin hormone in herbivory defense. However, the roles of 9-LOX-derived oxylipins in insect resistance remain unclear. Here, we report a novel anti-herbivory mechanism mediated by a tonoplast-localized 9-LOX, ZmLOX5, and its linolenic acid-derived product, 9-hydroxy-10-oxo-12(Z),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (9,10-KODA). Transposon-insertional disruption of ZmLOX5 resulted in the loss of resistance to insect herbivory. lox5 knockout mutants displayed greatly reduced wound-induced accumulation of multiple oxylipins and defense metabolites, including benzoxazinoids, abscisic acid (ABA), and JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile). However, exogenous JA-Ile failed to rescue insect defense in lox5 mutants, while applications of 1 μM 9,10-KODA or the JA precursor, 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (12-OPDA), restored wild-type resistance levels. Metabolite profiling revealed that exogenous 9,10-KODA primed the plants for increased production of ABA and 12-OPDA, but not JA-Ile. While none of the 9-oxylipins were able to rescue JA-Ile induction, the lox5 mutant accumulated lower wound-induced levels of Ca2+, suggesting this as a potential explanation for lower wound-induced JA. Seedlings pretreated with 9,10-KODA exhibited rapid or more robust wound-induced defense gene expression. In addition, an artificial diet supplemented with 9,10-KODA arrested fall armyworm larvae growth. Finally, analysis of single and double lox5 and lox10 mutants showed that ZmLOX5 also contributed to insect defense by modulating ZmLOX10-mediated green leaf volatile signaling. Collectively, our study uncovered a previously unknown anti-herbivore defense and hormone-like signaling activity for a major 9-oxylipin α-ketol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiguo Yuan
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA
| | - Eli Borrego
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA; Currently at Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
| | - Yong-Soon Park
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA; Department of Plant Resources, Agriculture and Fisheries Life Science Research Institute, Kongju National University, Yesan, Chungnam 32439, South Korea
| | - Zachary Gorman
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA
| | - Pei-Cheng Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA
| | - Jordan Tolley
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Shawn A Christensen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA; College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Jantana Blanford
- Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973, USA
| | - Aruna Kilaru
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37659, USA
| | - Robert Meeley
- Formerly at Corteva Agriscience, Johnston, IA 50131, USA
| | - Hisashi Koiwa
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Stefan Vidal
- Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, Georg-August-Universität, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alisa Huffaker
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Eric Schmelz
- Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Michael V Kolomiets
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840-2132, USA.
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11
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Li H, Xu L, Wu W, Peng W, Lou Y, Lu J. Infestation by the Piercing-Sucking Herbivore Nilaparvata lugens Systemically Triggers JA- and SA-Dependent Defense Responses in Rice. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:820. [PMID: 37372105 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
It has been well documented that an infestation of the piercing-sucking herbivore, brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, activates strong local defenses in rice. However, whether a BPH infestation elicits systemic responses in rice remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated BPH-induced systemic defenses by detecting the change in expression levels of 12 JA- and/or SA-signaling-responsive marker genes in different rice tissues upon a BPH attack. We found that an infestation of gravid BPH females on rice leaf sheaths significantly increased the local transcript level of all 12 marker genes tested except OsVSP, whose expression was induced only weakly at a later stage of the BPH infestation. Moreover, an infestation of gravid BPH females also systemically up-regulated the transcription levels of three JA-signaling-responsive genes (OsJAZ8, OsJAMyb, and OsPR3), one SA-signaling-responsive gene (OsWRKY62), and two JA- and SA- signaling-responsive genes (OsPR1a and OsPR10a). Our results demonstrate that an infestation of gravid BPH females systemically activates JA- and SA-dependent defenses in rice, which may in turn influence the composition and structure of the community in the rice ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Liping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weizheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology & Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Agricultural Entomology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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12
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Jimenez Aleman GH, Thirumalaikumar VP, Jander G, Fernie AR, Skirycz A. OPDA, more than just a jasmonate precursor. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113432. [PMID: 36115386 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is known as a biosynthetic precursor of the important plant hormone jasmonic acid. However, OPDA is also a signaling molecule with functions independent of jasmonates. OPDA involvement in diverse biological processes, from plant defense and stress responses to growth regulation and development, has been documented across plant species. OPDA is synthesized in the plastids from alpha-linolenic acid, and OPDA binding to plastidial cyclophilins activates TGA transcription factors upstream of genes associated with stress responses. Here, we summarize what is known about OPDA metabolism and signaling while briefly discussing its jasmonate dependent and independent roles. We also describe open questions, such as the OPDA protein interactome and biological roles of OPDA conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Georg Jander
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
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13
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Shinya T, Miyamoto K, Uchida K, Hojo Y, Yumoto E, Okada K, Yamane H, Galis I. Chitooligosaccharide elicitor and oxylipins synergistically elevate phytoalexin production in rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:595-609. [PMID: 34822009 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-021-01217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We show that in rice, the amino acid-conjugates of JA precursor, OPDA, may function as a non-canonical signal for the production of phytoalexins in coordination with the innate chitin signaling. The core oxylipins, jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-Ile, are well-known as potent regulators of plant defense against necrotrophic pathogens and/or herbivores. However, recent studies also suggest that other oxylipins, including 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), may contribute to plant defense. Here, we used a previously characterized metabolic defense marker, p-coumaroylputrescine (CoP), and fungal elicitor, chitooligosaccharide, to specifically test defense role of various oxylipins in rice (Oryza sativa). While fungal elicitor triggered a rapid production of JA, JA-Ile, and their precursor OPDA, rice cells exogenously treated with the compounds revealed that OPDA, rather than JA-Ile, can stimulate the CoP production. Next, reverse genetic approach and oxylipin-deficient rice mutant (hebiba) were used to uncouple oxylipins from other elicitor-triggered signals. It appeared that, without oxylipins, residual elicitor signaling had only a minimal effect but, in synergy with OPDA, exerted a strong stimulatory activity towards CoP production. Furthermore, as CoP levels were compromised in the OPDA-treated Osjar1 mutant cells impaired in the oxylipin-amino acid conjugation, putative OPDA-amino acid conjugates emerged as hypothetical regulators of CoP biosynthesis. Accordingly, we found several OPDA-amino acid conjugates in rice cells treated with exogenous OPDA, and OPDA-Asp was detected, although in small amounts, in the chitooligosaccharide-treated rice. However, as synthetic OPDA-Asp and OPDA-Ile, so far, failed to induce CoP in cells, it suggests that yet another presumed OPDA-amino acid form(s) could be acting as novel regulator(s) of phytoalexins in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomonori Shinya
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan.
| | - Koji Miyamoto
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Kenichi Uchida
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Yuko Hojo
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan
| | - Emi Yumoto
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Kazunori Okada
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Hisakazu Yamane
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
- Advanced Instrumental Analysis Center, Teikyo University, Utsunomiya, Tochigi, 320-8551, Japan
| | - Ivan Galis
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, 710-0046, Japan
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14
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Chen S, Sun B, Shi Z, Miao X, Li H. Identification of the rice genes and metabolites involved in dual resistance against brown planthopper and rice blast fungus. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:1914-1929. [PMID: 35343596 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Brown planthopper (BPH) and blast disease jointly or individually cause big yield losses every year. To identify genes and metabolites with potential contributions to the dual resistance against both biotic-stress factors, we carried out a transcriptome and metabolome analysis for susceptible and resistant rice varieties after BPH and rice blast infestations. Coexpression network analysis identified a modular pattern that had the highest correlation coefficients (0.81) after the BPH and rice blast (-0.81) treatments. In total, 134 phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway-related genes were detected in this group. We found that the flavanone 3-hydroxylase gene (OsF3H) had opposite expression trends in response to BPH and rice blast infestations whereas the OsF3'H had similar expression patterns. Genetics analysis confirmed that the OsF3H gene knockdown lines demonstrated the opposite resistance phenotypes against BPH and rice blast, whereas the OsF3'H knockout lines enhanced rice resistance against both pests. Consistently, our metabolomics analysis identified the metabolite eriodictyol, one putative essential product of these two genes, that was more highly accumulated in the resistant rice variety of RHT than in the susceptible variety MDJ. This study highlights a useful strategy for identifying more genes and metabolites that have potential synergistic effects on rice against to multiple biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Chen
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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15
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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cytochrome P450 protein 716A subfamily CYP716A16 regulates disease resistance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:343. [PMID: 35505282 PMCID: PMC9066777 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08568-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The sustainable development of rice production is facing severe threats by a variety of pathogens, such as necrotrophic Rhizoctonia solani and hemibiotrophic Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). Mining and applying resistance genes to increase the durable resistance of rice is an effective method that can be used to control these diseases. Results In this research, we isolated and characterized CYP716A16, which is a positive regulator of rice to R. solani AG1-IA and Xoo, and belongs to the cytochrome P450 (CYP450) protein 716A subfamily. Overexpression (OE) of CYP716A16 resulted in enhanced resistance to R. solani AG1-IA and Xoo, while RNA interference (RNAi) of CYP716A16 resulted in increased susceptibility compared with wild-type (WT) plants. Additionally, jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defense responses and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were activated in the CYP716A16-OE lines after R. solani AG1-IA inoculation. The comparative transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis of CYP716A16-OE and the WT lines showed that OE of CYP716A16 activated the biosynthesis of flavonoids and increased the amounts of narcissoside, methylophiopogonanone A, oroxin A, and amentoflavone in plants. Conclusion Based on these results, we suggest that JA-dependent response, ROS level, multiple resistance-related proteins, and flavonoid contents play an important role in CYP716A16-regulated R. solani AG1-IA and Xoo resistance. Our results broaden our knowledge regarding the function of a P450 protein 716A subfamily in disease resistance and provide new insight into the molecular mechanism of rice immune response. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08568-8.
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16
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Shen W, Zhang X, Liu J, Tao K, Li C, Xiao S, Zhang W, Li J. Plant elicitor peptide signalling confers rice resistance to piercing-sucking insect herbivores and pathogens. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2022; 20:991-1005. [PMID: 35068048 PMCID: PMC9055822 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rice is a staple food crop worldwide, and its production is severely threatened by phloem-feeding insect herbivores, particularly the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens), and destructive pathogens. Despite the identification of many BPH resistance genes, the molecular basis of rice resistance to BPH remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the plant elicitor peptide (Pep) signalling confers rice resistance to BPH. Both rice PEP RECEPTORs (PEPRs) and PRECURSORs of PEP (PROPEPs), particularly OsPROPEP3, were transcriptionally induced in leaf sheaths upon BPH infestation. Knockout of OsPEPRs impaired rice resistance to BPH, whereas exogenous application of OsPep3 improved the resistance. Hormone measurement and co-profiling of transcriptomics and metabolomics in OsPep3-treated rice leaf sheaths suggested potential contributions of jasmonic acid biosynthesis, lipid metabolism and phenylpropanoid metabolism to OsPep3-induced rice immunity. Moreover, OsPep3 elicitation also strengthened rice resistance to the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae and bacterial pathogen Xanthamonas oryzae pv. oryzae and provoked immune responses in wheat. Collectively, this work demonstrates a previously unappreciated importance of the Pep signalling in plants for combating piercing-sucking insect herbivores and promises exogenous application of OsPep3 as an eco-friendly immune stimulator in agriculture for crop protection against a broad spectrum of insect pests and pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jiuer Liu
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Kehan Tao
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Chong Li
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Shi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Wenqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Jian‐Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of BiocontrolGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant ResourcesSchool of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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17
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Wan S, Xin XF. Regulation and integration of plant jasmonate signaling: a comparative view of monocot and dicot. J Genet Genomics 2022; 49:704-714. [PMID: 35452856 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The phytohormone jasmonate plays a pivotal role in various aspects of plant life, including developmental programs and defense against pests and pathogens. A large body of knowledge on jasmonate biosynthesis, signal transduction as well as its functions in diverse plant processes has been gained in the past two decades. In addition, there exists extensive crosstalk between jasmonate pathway and other phytohormone pathways, such as salicylic acid (SA) and gibberellin (GA), in co-regulation of plant immune status, fine-tuning the balance of plant growth and defense, and so on, which were mostly learned from studies in the dicotyledonous model plants Arabidopsis thaliana and tomato but much less in monocot. Interestingly, existing evidence suggests both conservation and functional divergence in terms of core components of jasmonate pathway, its biological functions and signal integration with other phytohormones, between monocot and dicot. In this review, we summarize the current understanding on JA signal initiation, perception and regulation, and highlight the distinctive characteristics in different lineages of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiu-Fang Xin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS-JIC Center of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Sciences (CEPAMS), Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China.
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18
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Toporkova YY, Askarova EK, Gorina SS, Mukhtarova LS, Grechkin AN. Oxylipin biosynthesis in spikemoss Selaginella moellendorffii: Identification of allene oxide synthase (CYP74L2) and hydroperoxide lyase (CYP74L1). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 195:113051. [PMID: 34890887 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.113051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonclassical P450s of the CYP74 family catalyse the secondary conversions of fatty acid hydroperoxides to bioactive oxylipins in plants. The model organism, spikemoss Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron, possesses at least ten CYP74 genes of novel J, K, L, and M subfamilies. The cloning of three CYP74L genes and catalytic properties of recombinant proteins are described in the present work. The CYP74L1 possessed mainly hydroperoxide lyase (HPL) activity towards the 13(S)-hydroperoxide of α-linolenic acids (13-HPOT) and nearly equal HPL and allene oxide synthase (AOS) activities towards the 13(S)-hydroperoxide of linoleic acids (13-HPOD). The 9-hydroperoxides were poor substrates for CYP74L1 and led to the production of mainly the α-ketols (AOS products) and minorities of HPL and epoxyalcohol synthase (EAS) products. The CYP74L2 possessed the AOS activity towards all tested hydroperoxides. CYP74L3 possessed low HPL/EAS activity. Besides, the aerial parts of S. moellendorffii plants possessed complex oxylipins patterns including divinyl ethers, epoxyalcohols, and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. Characterization of the CYP74L enzymes and oxylipin pattern updates the knowledge on the complex oxylipin biosynthetic machinery in the surviving oldest taxa of vascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Y Toporkova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111, Kazan, Russia.
| | - Elena K Askarova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111, Kazan, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Gorina
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111, Kazan, Russia
| | - Lucia S Mukhtarova
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111, Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexander N Grechkin
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, P.O. Box 30, 420111, Kazan, Russia.
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19
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Zhao X, Li N, Song Q, Li X, Meng H, Luo K. OPDAT1, a plastid envelope protein involved in 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid export for jasmonic acid biosynthesis in Populus. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 41:1714-1728. [PMID: 33835169 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Twelve-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), the cyclopentenone precursor of jasmonic acid (JA), is required for the wounding response of plants. OPDA is derived from plastid-localized α-linolenic acid (α-LeA; 18:3) via the octadecanoid pathway, and is further exported from plastids to the cytosol for JA biosynthesis. However, the mechanism of OPDA transport from plastids has yet to be elucidated. In the current study, a plastid inner envelope-localized protein, designated 12-oxo-Phtyodienoic Acid Transporter 1 (OPDAT1), was identified and shown to potentially be involved in OPDA export from plastids, in Populus trichocarpa. Torr. OPDAT1 is expressed predominantly in young leaves of P. trichocarpa. Functional expression of OPDAT1 in yeast cells revealed that OPDAT1 is involved in OPDA transport. Loss-of-function of OPDAT1 in poplar resulted in increased accumulation of OPDA in the extracted plastids and a reduction in JA concentration, whereas an OPDAT1-overexpressing line showed a reverse tendency in OPDA accumulation and JA biosynthesis. OPDAT1 transcripts were rapidly induced by mechanical wounding of leaves, and an opdat1 mutant transgenic plant displayed increased susceptibility to spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) infestation. Collectively, these data suggest that OPDAT1 is an inner envelope transporter for OPDA, and this has potential implications for JA biosynthesis in poplar under environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Nannan Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hongjun Meng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Keming Luo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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20
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Li Y, Cheah BH, Fang YF, Kuang YH, Lin SC, Liao CT, Huang SH, Lin YF, Chuang WP. Transcriptomics identifies key defense mechanisms in rice resistant to both leaf-feeding and phloem feeding herbivores. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:306. [PMID: 34193042 PMCID: PMC8243607 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03068-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outbreaks of insect pests in paddy fields cause heavy losses in global rice yield annually, a threat projected to be aggravated by ongoing climate warming. Although significant progress has been made in the screening and cloning of insect resistance genes in rice germplasm and their introgression into modern cultivars, improved rice resistance is only effective against either chewing or phloem-feeding insects. RESULTS In this study, the results from standard and modified seedbox screening, settlement preference and honeydew excretion tests consistently showed that Qingliu, a previously known leaffolder-resistant rice variety, is also moderately resistant to brown planthopper (BPH). High-throughput RNA sequencing showed a higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at the infestation site, with 2720 DEGs in leaves vs 181 DEGs in sheaths for leaffolder herbivory and 450 DEGs in sheaths vs 212 DEGs in leaves for BPH infestation. The leaf-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to leaffolder feeding by activating jasmonic acid biosynthesis genes and genes regulating the shikimate and phenylpropanoid pathways that are essential for the biosynthesis of salicylic acid, melatonin, flavonoids and lignin defensive compounds. The sheath-specific transcriptome revealed that Qingliu responds to BPH infestation by inducing salicylic acid-responsive genes and those controlling cellular signaling cascades. Taken together these genes could play a role in triggering defense mechanisms such as cell wall modifications and cuticular wax formation. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the key defensive responses of a rarely observed rice variety Qingliu that has resistance to attacks by two different feeding guilds of herbivores. The leaffolders are leaf-feeder while the BPHs are phloem feeders, consequently Qingliu is considered to have dual resistance. Although the defense responses of Qingliu to both insect pest types appear largely dissimilar, the phenylpropanoid pathway (or more specifically phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes) could be a convergent upstream pathway. However, this possibility requires further studies. This information is valuable for breeding programs aiming to generate broad spectrum insect resistance in rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Boon Huat Cheah
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fu Fang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hung Kuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ching Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ta Liao
- Crop Environment Section, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, COA, Changhua Country, 51544, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Horng Huang
- Department of Plant Protection, Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Chiayi, 60044, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fen Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Po Chuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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21
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Liu W, Park SW. 12- oxo-Phytodienoic Acid: A Fuse and/or Switch of Plant Growth and Defense Responses? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:724079. [PMID: 34490022 PMCID: PMC8418078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.724079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
12-oxo-Phytodienoic acid (OPDA) is a primary precursor of (-)-jasmonic acid (JA), able to trigger autonomous signaling pathways that regulate a unique subset of jasmonate-responsive genes, activating and fine-tuning defense responses, as well as growth processes in plants. Recently, a number of studies have illuminated the physiol-molecular activities of OPDA signaling in plants, which interconnect the regulatory loop of photosynthesis, cellular redox homeostasis, and transcriptional regulatory networks, together shedding new light on (i) the underlying modes of cellular interfaces between growth and defense responses (e.g., fitness trade-offs or balances) and (ii) vital information in genetic engineering or molecular breeding approaches to upgrade own survival capacities of plants. However, our current knowledge regarding its mode of actions is still far from complete. This review will briefly revisit recent progresses on the roles and mechanisms of OPDA and information gaps within, which help in understanding the phenotypic and environmental plasticity of plants.
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Guo HM, Li HC, Zhou SR, Xue HW, Miao XX. Deficiency of mitochondrial outer membrane protein 64 confers rice resistance to both piercing-sucking and chewing insects in rice. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 62:1967-1982. [PMID: 32542992 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH) and striped stem borer (SSB) are the most devastating insect pests in rice (Oryza sativa) producing areas. Screening for endogenous resistant genes is the most practical strategy for rice insect-resistance breeding. Forty-five mutants showing high resistance against BPH were identified in a rice T-DNA insertion population (11,000 putative homozygous lines) after 4 years of large-scale field BPH-resistance phenotype screening. Detailed analysis showed that deficiency of rice mitochondrial outer membrane protein 64 (OM64) gene resulted in increased resistance to BPH. Mitochondrial outer membrane protein 64 protein is located in the outer mitochondrial membrane by subcellular localization and its deficiency constitutively activated hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) signaling, which stimulated antibiosis and tolerance to BPH. The om64 mutant also showed enhanced resistance to SSB, a chewing insect, which was due to promotion of Jasmonic acid biosynthesis and related responses. Importantly, om64 plants presented no significant changes in rice yield-related characters. This study confirmed OM64 as a negative regulator of rice herbivore resistance through regulating H2 O2 production. Mitochondrial outer membrane protein 64 is a potentially efficient candidate to improve BPH and SSB resistance through gene deletion. Why the om64 mutant was resistant to both piercing-sucking and chewing insects via a gene deficiency in mitochondria is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Guo
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hai-Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Rong Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xue-Xia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Meng W, Xu L, Du ZY, Wang F, Zhang R, Song X, Lam SM, Shui G, Li Y, Chye ML. RICE ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6 Affects Acyl-CoA Homeostasis and Growth in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 13:75. [PMID: 33159253 PMCID: PMC7647982 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-020-00435-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Acyl-coenzyme A (CoA) esters are important intermediates in lipid metabolism with regulatory properties. Acyl-CoA-binding proteins bind and transport acyl-CoAs to fulfill these functions. RICE ACYL-COA-BINDING PROTEIN6 (OsACBP6) is currently the only one peroxisome-localized plant ACBP that has been proposed to be involved in β-oxidation in transgenic Arabidopsis. The role of the peroxisomal ACBP (OsACBP6) in rice (Oryza sativa) was investigated. RESULTS Here, we report on the function of OsACBP6 in rice. The osacbp6 mutant showed diminished growth with reduction in root meristem activity and leaf growth. Acyl-CoA profiling and lipidomic analysis revealed an increase in acyl-CoA content and a slight triacylglycerol accumulation caused by the loss of OsACBP6. Comparative transcriptomic analysis discerned the biological processes arising from the loss of OsACBP6. Reduced response to oxidative stress was represented by a decline in gene expression of a group of peroxidases and peroxidase activities. An elevation in hydrogen peroxide was observed in both roots and shoots/leaves of osacbp6. Taken together, loss of OsACBP6 not only resulted in a disruption of the acyl-CoA homeostasis but also peroxidase-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis. In contrast, osacbp6-complemented transgenic rice displayed similar phenotype to the wild type rice, supporting a role for OsACBP6 in the maintenance of the acyl-CoA pool and ROS homeostasis. Furthermore, quantification of plant hormones supported the findings observed in the transcriptome and an increase in jasmonic acid level occurred in osacbp6. CONCLUSIONS In summary, OsACBP6 appears to be required for the efficient utilization of acyl-CoAs. Disruption of OsACBP6 compromises growth and led to provoked defense response, suggesting a correlation of enhanced acyl-CoAs content with defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Meng
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China.
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Lijian Xu
- College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Du
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Xingshun Song
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Lipidall Technologies Company Limited, Changzhou, 213000, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration (Northeast Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Mee-Len Chye
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Wang Y, Hou Y, Qiu J, Wang H, Wang S, Tang L, Tong X, Zhang J. Abscisic acid promotes jasmonic acid biosynthesis via a 'SAPK10-bZIP72-AOC' pathway to synergistically inhibit seed germination in rice (Oryza sativa). THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1336-1353. [PMID: 32583457 PMCID: PMC7689938 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonic acid (JA) both inhibit seed germination, but their interactions during this process remain elusive. Here, we report the identification of a 'SAPK10-bZIP72-AOC' pathway, through which ABA promotes JA biosynthesis to synergistically inhibit rice seed germination. Using biochemical interaction and phosphorylation assays, we show that SAPK10 exhibits autophosphorylation activity on the 177th serine, which enables it to phosphorylate bZIP72 majorly on 71st serine. The SAPK10-dependent phosphorylation enhances bZIP72 protein stability as well as the DNA-binding ability to the G-box cis-element of AOC promoter, thereby elevating the AOC transcription and the endogenous concentration of JA. Blocking of JA biosynthesis significantly alleviated the ABA sensitivity on seed germination, suggesting that ABA-imposed inhibition partially relied on the elevated concentration of JA. Our findings shed a novel insight into the molecular networks of ABA-JA synergistic interaction during rice seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Yuxuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Jiehua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Huimei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
- College of Life ScienceYangtze UniversityJingzhou434025China
| | - Liqun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Xiaohong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice BiologyChina National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou311400China
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25
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Liu W, Barbosa Dos Santos I, Moye A, Park SW. CYP20-3 deglutathionylates 2-CysPRX A and suppresses peroxide detoxification during heat stress. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000775. [PMID: 32732254 PMCID: PMC7409537 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, growth-defense trade-offs occur because of limited resources, which demand prioritization towards either of them depending on various external and internal factors. However, very little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying their occurrence. Here, we describe that cyclophilin 20-3 (CYP20-3), a 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA)-binding protein, crisscrosses stress responses with light-dependent electron reactions, which fine-tunes activities of key enzymes in plastid sulfur assimilations and photosynthesis. Under stressed states, OPDA, accumulates in the chloroplasts, binds and stimulates CYP20-3 to convey electrons towards serine acetyltransferase 1 (SAT1) and 2-Cys peroxiredoxin A (2CPA). The latter is a thiol-based peroxidase, protecting and optimizing photosynthesis by reducing its toxic byproducts (e.g., H2O2). Reduction of 2CPA then inactivates its peroxidase activity, suppressing the peroxide detoxification machinery, whereas the activation of SAT1 promotes thiol synthesis and builds up reduction capacity, which in turn triggers the retrograde regulation of defense gene expressions against abiotic stress. Thus, we conclude that CYP20-3 is a unique metabolic hub conveying resource allocations between plant growth and defense responses (trade-offs), ultimately balancing optimal growth phonotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Liu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | | | - Anna Moye
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Sang-Wook Park
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
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26
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Zogli P, Pingault L, Grover S, Louis J. Ento(o)mics: the intersection of 'omic' approaches to decipher plant defense against sap-sucking insect pests. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 56:153-161. [PMID: 32721874 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged by insect pests that can dramatically decrease yields. Insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts, for example, aphids, whiteflies, and leaf hoppers, seemingly cause less physical damage to tissues, however, they feed on the plant's sap by piercing plant tissue and extracting plant fluids, thereby transmitting several plant-pathogenic viruses as well. As a counter-defense, plants activate an array of dynamic defense machineries against insect pests including the rapid reprogramming of the host cell processes. For a holistic understanding of plant-sap-sucking insect interactions, there is a need to call for techniques with the capacity to concomitantly capture these dynamic changes. Recent progress with various 'omic' technologies possess this capacity. In this review, we will provide a concise summary of application of 'omic' technologies and their utilization in plant and sap-sucking insect interaction studies. Finally, we will provide a perspective on the integration of 'omics' data in uncovering novel plant defense mechanisms against sap-sucking insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Zogli
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Lise Pingault
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Sajjan Grover
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Joe Louis
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA; Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
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Javed K, Qiu D. Protein Elicitor PeBL1 of Brevibacillus laterosporus Enhances Resistance Against Myzus persicae in Tomato. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9010057. [PMID: 31947681 PMCID: PMC7168619 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Myzus persicae, a destructive aphid of tomato usually managed by chemical pesticides, is responsible for huge annual losses in agriculture. In the current work, a protein elicitor, PeBL1, was investigated for its capacity to induce a defense response against M. persicae in tomato. Population growth rates of M. persicae (second and third generation) decreased with PeBL1 treatments as compared with controls. In a host selection assay, M. persicae showed preference for colonizing control plants as compared to tomato seedlings treated with PeBL1. Tomato leaves treated with PeBL1 gave rise to a hazardous surface environment for M. persicae due to formation of trichomes and wax. Jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA), and ethylene (ET) showed significant accumulation in tomato seedlings treated by PeBL1. The following results showed that PeBL1 significantly modified the tomato leaf surface structure to reduce reproduction and deter colonization by M. persicae. Defense processes also included activation of JA, SA, and ET pathways. The study provides evidence for use of PeBL1 in the protection of tomato from M. persicae.
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Rizzo E, Sherman T, Manosalva P, Gomez SK. Assessment of Local and Systemic Changes in Plant Gene Expression and Aphid Responses during Potato Interactions with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Potato Aphids. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E82. [PMID: 31936508 PMCID: PMC7020417 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This research examined aphid and plant responses to distinct levels (none, low, and high) of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal root colonization by studying the association between potato aphids (Macrosiphum euphorbiae), potatoes (Solanum tuberosum), and AM fungi (Rhizophagus intraradices). It extends knowledge on gene expression changes, assessed by RT-qPCR, of ten defense-related genes at two time-points post-herbivory (24 h and 10 days), focusing on aphid-infested local leaves, non-infested systemic leaves, and roots. The results showed that aphid fitness was not altered by AM symbiosis. At 24 h, ETHYLENE RECEPTOR 1 gene expression was repressed in roots of aphid-infested non-mycorrhizal plants and aphid-infested plants with a high level of AM fungal root colonization, but not on aphid-infested plants with a low level of AM fungal root colonization. At 10 days, ALLENE OXIDE CYCLASE and POTATO TYPE I PROTEASE INHIBITOR were upregulated exclusively in local leaves of aphid-infested plants with a low level of AM fungal root colonization. In addition, local and systemic changes in plant gene expression appeared to be regulated exclusively by AM status and aphid herbivory. In summary, the gene expression data provide insights on mycorrhizal potato responses to aphid herbivory and serve as a starting point for future studies using this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rizzo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, 501 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639, USA; (E.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Tyler Sherman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, 501 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639, USA; (E.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Patricia Manosalva
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, CA 92521, USA;
| | - S. Karen Gomez
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, 501 20th St., Greeley, CO 80639, USA; (E.R.); (T.S.)
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Ma F, Yang X, Shi Z, Miao X. Novel crosstalk between ethylene- and jasmonic acid-pathway responses to a piercing-sucking insect in rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 225:474-487. [PMID: 31407341 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene (ET) and jasmonic acid (JA) play important roles in plant defenses against biotic stresses. Crosstalk between JA and ET has been well studied in mediating pathogen resistance, but its roles in piercing-sucking insect resistance are unclear. The brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens) is the most notorious piercing-sucking insect specific to rice (Oryza sativa) that severely affects yield. A genetic analysis revealed that OsEBF1 and OsEIL1, which are in the ET signaling pathway, positively and negatively regulated BPH resistance, respectively. Molecular and biochemical analyses revealed direct interactions between OsEBF1 and OsEIL1. OsEBF1, an E3 ligase, mediated the degradation of OsEIL1 through the ubiquitination pathway, indicating the negative regulation of the ET-signaling pathway in response to BPH infestation. An RNA sequencing analysis revealed that a JA biosynthetic pathway-related gene, OsLOX9, was downregulated significantly in the oseil1 mutant. Biochemical analyses, including yeast one-hybrid, dual luciferase, and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, confirmed the direct regulation of OsLOX9 by OsEIL1. This study revealed the synergistic and negative regulation of JA and ET pathways in response to piercing-sucking insect attack. The synergistic mechanism was realized by transcriptional regulation of OsEIL1 on OsLOX9. OsEIL1-OsLOX9 is a novel crosstalk site in these two phytohormone signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuexia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Barros-Galvão T, Dave A, Cole A, Harvey D, Langer S, Larson TR, Vaistij FE, Graham IA. cis-12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid represses Arabidopsis seed germination in shade conditions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:5919-5927. [PMID: 31326997 PMCID: PMC6812700 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Light-dependent seed germination is induced by gibberellins (GA) and inhibited by abscisic acid (ABA). The widely accepted view of the GA/ABA ratio controlling germination does not, however, explain the fact that seeds deficient in ABA still germinate poorly under shade conditions that repress germination. In Arabidopsis, MOTHER-OF-FT-AND-TFL1 (MFT) acts as a key negative regulator of germination, modulating GA and ABA responses under shade conditions. Under full light the oxylipin cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA), a precursor of the stress-related phytohormone jasmonic acid, interacts with ABA and MFT to repress germination. Here, we show that under shade conditions both OPDA and ABA repress germination to varying extents. We demonstrate that the level of shade-induced MFT expression influences the ability of OPDA and/or ABA to fully repress germination. We also found that MFT expression decreases with seed age and this again correlates with the response of seeds to OPDA and ABA. We conclude that OPDA plays an essential role alongside ABA in repressing germination in response to shade and the combined effect of these phytohormones is integrated to a significant extent through MFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Barros-Galvão
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Anuja Dave
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Adama Cole
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - David Harvey
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Swen Langer
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Tony R Larson
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Fabián E Vaistij
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Ian A Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
- Correspondence:
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Jasmonates-the Master Regulator of Rice Development, Adaptation and Defense. PLANTS 2019; 8:plants8090339. [PMID: 31505882 PMCID: PMC6784130 DOI: 10.3390/plants8090339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important food crops worldwide, as well as the model plant in molecular studies on the cereals group. Many different biotic and abiotic agents often limit rice production and threaten food security. Understanding the molecular mechanism, by which the rice plant reacts and resists these constraints, is the key to improving rice production to meet the demand of an increasing population. The phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) and related compounds, collectively called jasmonates, are key regulators in plant growth and development. They are also one of the central players in plant immunity against biotic attacks and adaptation to unfavorable environmental conditions. Here, we review the most recent knowledge about jasmonates signaling in the rice crop model. We highlight the functions of jasmonates signaling in many adaptive responses, and also in rice growth and development processes. We also draw special attention to different signaling modules that are controlled by jasmonates in rice.
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32
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Li Y, Huang YF, Huang SH, Kuang YH, Tung CW, Liao CT, Chuang WP. Genomic and phenotypic evaluation of rice susceptible check TN1 collected in Taiwan. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2019; 60:19. [PMID: 31468345 PMCID: PMC6715756 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-019-0269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Taichung Native 1 (TN1), a variety of rice (Oryza sativa L.) developed in Taiwan, has played a key role in the green revolution of this major staple crop because of its semi-dwarf characteristics. Due to its susceptibility, it has been used as a susceptibility indicator in rice insect and pathogen resistance studies worldwide. While within-variety differences have been reported for agronomic traits in other rice varieties, no study has addressed the within-variety consistency of pathogen and insect susceptibility of TN1, which would influence the result interpretation of plant-pest interaction studies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the genomic consistency and to assess a range of agronomic and insect susceptibility traits in three representative accessions of TN1 in Taiwan. RESULTS Among these three accessions, two were identical across 43,325 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) while the third one differed at four SNPs. Of the three accessions of TN1, there were minor differences in seed length, seed breadth, length/width ratio, number of leaves and tillers, and number of unfilled seeds. Besides, there was no effect on relative growth rate of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis larvae fed on the three accession sources. Furthermore, there is no different on plant susceptibility among these three accessions against C. medinalis and Nilaparvata lugens. CONCLUSION Our study indicates that it is appropriate to use TN1 in Taiwan to test for rice insect susceptibility as it yields consistent results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fen Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Horng Huang
- Department of Plant Protection, Chiayi Agricultural Experiment Station, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, COA, Chiayi, 60044, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hung Kuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ta Liao
- Crop Enviroment Division, Taichung District Agricultural Research and Extension Station, COA, Dacun Township, Changhua County, 51544, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Po Chuang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Dai Z, Tan J, Zhou C, Yang X, Yang F, Zhang S, Sun S, Miao X, Shi Z. The OsmiR396-OsGRF8-OsF3H-flavonoid pathway mediates resistance to the brown planthopper in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2019; 17:1657-1669. [PMID: 30734457 PMCID: PMC6662109 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Multi-functional microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as key modulators of plant-pathogen interactions. Although the involvement of some miRNAs in plant-insect interactions has been revealed, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. The brown planthopper (BPH) is the most notorious rice (Oryza sativa)-specific insect that causes severe yield losses each year and requires urgent biological control. To reveal the miRNAs involved in rice-BPH interactions, we performed miRNA sequencing and identified BPH-responsive OsmiR396. Sequestering OsmiR396 by overexpressing target mimicry (MIM396) in three genetic backgrounds indicated that OsmiR396 negatively regulated BPH resistance. Overexpression of one BPH-responsive target gene of OsmiR396, growth regulating factor 8 (OsGRF8), showed resistance to BPH. Furthermore, the flavonoid contents increased in both the OsmiR396-sequestered and the OsGRF8 overexpressing plants. By analysing 39 natural rice varieties, the elevated flavonoid contents were found to correlate with enhanced BPH resistance. Artificial applications of flavonoids to wild type (WT) plants also increased resistance to BPH. A BPH-responsive flavanone 3-hydroxylase (OsF3H) gene in the flavonoid biosynthetic pathway was proved to be directly regulated by OsGRF8. A genetic functional analysis of OsF3H revealed its positive role in mediating both the flavonoid contents and BPH resistance. And analysis of the genetic correlation between OsmiR396 and OsF3H showed that down-regulation of OsF3H complemented the BPH resistance characteristic and simultaneously decreased the flavonoid contents of the MIM396 plants. Thus, we revealed a new BPH resistance mechanism mediated by the OsmiR396-OsGRF8-OsF3H-flavonoid pathway. Our study suggests potential applications of miRNAs in BPH resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyan Dai
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Jiang Tan
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Cong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid RiceCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Xiaofang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid RiceCollege of Life SciencesWuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Shijuan Zhang
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Life‐Organic AnalysisQufu Normal UniversityQufuChina
| | - Shichen Sun
- Institute of Crop Cultivation and TillageHeilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences & Northern Japonica Rice Molecular Breeding Joint Research CenterChinese Academy of SciencesHaerbinChina
| | - Xuexia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
| | - Zhenying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary BiologyInstitute of Plant Physiology and EcologyShanghai Institutes for Biological SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina
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Mou Y, Liu Y, Tian S, Guo Q, Wang C, Wen S. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the OPR Gene Family in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081914. [PMID: 31003470 PMCID: PMC6514991 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid reductases (OPRs), which belong to the old yellow enzyme (OYE) family, are flavin mononucleotide (FMN)-dependent oxidoreductases with critical functions in plants. Despite the clear characteristics of growth and development, as well as the defense responses in Arabidopsis, tomato, rice, and maize, the potential roles of OPRs in wheat are not fully understood. Here, forty-eight putative OPR genes were found and classified into five subfamilies, with 6 in sub. I, 4 in sub. II, 33 in sub. III, 3 in sub. IV, and 2 in sub. V. Similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs of TaOPRs in wheat were identified in the same subfamilies. An analysis of cis-acting elements in promoters revealed that the functions of OPRs in wheat were mostly related to growth, development, hormones, biotic, and abiotic stresses. A total of 14 wheat OPR genes were identified as tandem duplicated genes, while 37 OPR genes were segmentally duplicated genes. The expression patterns of TaOPRs were tissue- and stress-specific, and the expression of TaOPRs could be regulated or induced by phytohormones and various stresses. Therefore, there were multiple wheat OPR genes, classified into five subfamilies, with functional diversification and specific expression patterns, and to our knowledge, this was the first study to systematically investigate the wheat OPR gene family. The findings not only provide a scientific foundation for the comprehensive understanding of the wheat OPR gene family, but could also be helpful for screening more candidate genes and breeding new varieties of wheat, with a high yield and stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Mou
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shujun Tian
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qiping Guo
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Chengshe Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shanshan Wen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Ye M, Glauser G, Lou Y, Erb M, Hu L. Molecular Dissection of Early Defense Signaling Underlying Volatile-Mediated Defense Regulation and Herbivore Resistance in Rice. THE PLANT CELL 2019; 31:687-698. [PMID: 30760558 DOI: 10.1101/378752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Herbivore-induced plant volatiles prime plant defenses and resistance, but how they are integrated into early defense signaling and whether a causal relationship exists between volatile defense priming and herbivore resistance is unclear. Here, we investigated the impact of indole, a common herbivore-induced plant volatile and modulator of many physiological processes in plants, bacteria, and animals, on early defense signaling and herbivore resistance in rice (Oryza sativa). Rice plants infested by fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) caterpillars release indole at a rate of up to 25 ng*h-1 Exposure to equal doses of exogenous indole enhances rice resistance to S. frugiperda Screening of early signaling components revealed that indole pre-exposure directly enhances the expression of the leucine-rich repeat-receptor-like kinase OsLRR-RLK1 Pre-exposure to indole followed by simulated herbivory increases (i.e. primes) the transcription, accumulation, and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase OsMPK3 and the expression of the downstream WRKY transcription factor gene OsWRKY70 as well as several jasmonate biosynthesis genes, resulting in higher jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation. Analysis of transgenic plants defective in early signaling showed that OsMPK3 is required and that OsMPK6 and OsWRKY70 contribute to indole-mediated defense priming of JA-dependent herbivore resistance. Therefore, herbivore-induced plant volatiles increase plant resistance to herbivores by positively regulating early defense signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Ye
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern 3013, Switzerland
| | - Gaétan Glauser
- Neuchâtel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, University of Neuchâtel, Neuchâtel 2009, Switzerland
| | - Yonggen Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Matthias Erb
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern 3013, Switzerland
| | - Lingfei Hu
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern 3013, Switzerland
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Wang M, Yang D, Ma F, Zhu M, Shi Z, Miao X. OsHLH61-OsbHLH96 influences rice defense to brown planthopper through regulating the pathogen-related genes. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 12:9. [PMID: 30796564 PMCID: PMC6386760 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-019-0267-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In plants, basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins form the largest transcription factor (TF) family. Among them, HLH proteins are a small group of atypical members that lack the basic domain, and form dimers with bHLH proteins. Although bHLH proteins have been proved to play important roles in plant development and physiology, the function of HLH proteins is rarely studied, not to mention in plant biotic resistance. Brown planthopper (BPH) is a kind of rice-specific insect that causes devastating yield losses each year. RESULTS In this study, we identified OsHLH61 gene that encodes HLH protein. OsHLH61 gene could be highly induced by BPH infestation. Furthermore, Methyl Jasmonic acid (Me-JA) and cis-12-oxo- phytodienoic acid (OPDA) induced expression of OsHLH61, while SA repressed it. We knocked down expression of OsHLH61 by RNA interference (RNAi), the transgenic plants were susceptible to BPH infestation. RNA-seq analysis revealed that some pathogen-related (PR) genes in the Salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway that mediate plant immunity were obviously down-regulated in the OsHLH61 RNAi plants. Meanwhile, yeast two-hybrid assay and bimolecular luciferase complementation (BiLC) analysis identified bHLH096 to be an interacting factor of OsHLH61. Also, some PR genes were down-regulated in the OsbHLH96 over expressing lines. Expression of OsbHLH96 was inhibited. Besides, OsbHLH96 might interact with Jasmonate Zim-Domain3 (OsJAZ3). CONCLUSION Altogether, we identified an OsHLH61-OsbHLH96 complex that might mediate defense to BPH through regulating PR genes. And OsHLH61-OsbHLH96 might be important in mediating SA and JA signaling crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feilong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mulan Zhu
- Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences/Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Zhenying Shi
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xuexia Miao
- Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Florencio-Ortiz V, Novák O, Casas JL. Local and systemic hormonal responses in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) leaves under green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) infestation. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 231:356-363. [PMID: 30388675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the temporal changes in the leaf content of defence-involved phytohormones in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) plants responding to the green peach aphid (Myzus persicae Sulzer) infestation, at both local and systemic level. Aphid infestation did not alter the content of cis-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid, the jasmonic acid (JA) precursor, even though endogenous levels of JA and its bioactive isoleucine-conjugated form (JA-Ile) significantly increased from 8 to 96 h in local infested leaves. Systemic effects in jasmonates were only showed at 48 h for JA, and 8 and 48 h in the case of JA-Ile. SA accumulated only in local infested leaves after 96 h of infestation, when the level of JA-Ile decreased in these leaves. This suggests a possible antagonistic interaction between JA and SA pathways, although other pathways may be also involved. Endogenous level of indole-3-acetic acid was higher in systemic relative to local infested leaves at 3 and 24 h, although no significant changes in its content were found compared to control leaves. Abscisic acid content was lower in local infested relative to control leaves at 24 h, but was higher at 48 h when it also increased systemically. The possible roles of the studied phytohormones in plant defence responses against aphids are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Florencio-Ortiz
- Unidad Asociada IPAB (UA-CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), University of Alicante, Ctra. San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), Spain.
| | - Ondřej Novák
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany CAS & Faculty of Science of Palacký University, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - José L Casas
- Unidad Asociada IPAB (UA-CSIC), Instituto Universitario de Investigación CIBIO (Centro Iberoamericano de la Biodiversidad), University of Alicante, Ctra. San Vicente del Raspeig s/n, E-03690 San Vicente del Raspeig (Alicante), Spain
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Wang W, Li Y, Dang P, Zhao S, Lai D, Zhou L. Rice Secondary Metabolites: Structures, Roles, Biosynthesis, and Metabolic Regulation. Molecules 2018; 23:E3098. [PMID: 30486426 PMCID: PMC6320963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop providing energy and nutrients for more than half of the world population. It produces vast amounts of secondary metabolites. At least 276 secondary metabolites from rice have been identified in the past 50 years. They mainly include phenolic acids, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, alkaloids, and their derivatives. These metabolites exhibit many physiological functions, such as regulatory effects on rice growth and development, disease-resistance promotion, anti-insect activity, and allelopathic effects, as well as various kinds of biological activities such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties. This review focuses on our knowledge of the structures, biological functions and activities, biosynthesis, and metabolic regulation of rice secondary metabolites. Some considerations about cheminformatics, metabolomics, genetic transformation, production, and applications related to the secondary metabolites from rice are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yuying Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Pengqin Dang
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Siji Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Daowan Lai
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Ligang Zhou
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Qi J, Malook SU, Shen G, Gao L, Zhang C, Li J, Zhang J, Wang L, Wu J. Current understanding of maize and rice defense against insect herbivores. PLANT DIVERSITY 2018; 40:189-195. [PMID: 30740564 PMCID: PMC6137261 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Plants have sophisticated defense systems to fend off insect herbivores. How plants defend against herbivores in dicotyledonous plants, such as Arabidopsis and tobacco, have been relatively well studied, yet little is known about the defense responses in monocotyledons. Here, we review the current understanding of rice (Oryza sativa) and maize (Zea mays) defense against insects. In rice and maize, elicitors derived from insect herbivore oral secretions or oviposition fluids activate phytohormone signaling, and transcriptomic changes mediated mainly by transcription factors lead to accumulation of defense-related secondary metabolites. Direct defenses, such as trypsin protein inhibitors in rice and benzoxazinoids in maize, have anti-digestive or toxic effects on insect herbivores. Herbivory-induced plant volatiles, such as terpenes, are indirect defenses, which attract the natural enemies of herbivores. R gene-mediated defenses against herbivores are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianqiang Wu
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China
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40
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González-Bosch C. Priming plant resistance by activation of redox-sensitive genes. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:171-180. [PMID: 29277443 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Priming by natural compounds is an interesting alternative for sustainable agriculture, which also contributes to explore the molecular mechanisms associated with stress tolerance. Although hosts and stress types eventually determine the mode of action of plant-priming agents, it highlights that many of them act on redox signalling. These include vitamins thiamine, riboflavin and quercetin; organic acids like pipecolic, azelaic and hexanoic; volatile organic compounds such as methyl jasmonate; cell wall components like chitosans and oligogalacturonides; H2O2, etc. This review provides data on how priming inducers promote stronger and faster responses to stress by modulating the oxidative environment, and interacting with signalling pathways mediated by salycilic acid, jasmonic acid and ethylene. The histone modifications involved in priming that affect the transcription of defence-related genes are also discussed. Despite the evolutionary distance between plants and animals, and the fact that the plant innate immunity takes place in each plant cell, they show many similarities in the molecular mechanisms that underlie pathogen perception and further signalling to activate defence responses. This review highlights the similarities between priming through redox signalling in plants and in mammalian cells. The strategies used by pathogens to manipulate the host´s recognition and the further activation of defences also show similarities in both kingdoms. Moreover, phytochemicals like sulforaphane and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid prime both plant and mammalian responses by activating redox-sensitive genes. Hence research data into the priming of plant defences can provide additional information and a new viewpoint for priming mammalian defence, and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen González-Bosch
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos (IATA/CSIC), Avenida Agustín Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
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Cheng G, Chen MS, Zhu L. 12-Oxo-Phytodienoic Acid Enhances Wheat Resistance to Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Under Heat Stress. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2018; 111:917-922. [PMID: 29420735 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
12-Oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) plays unique roles in plant defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. In the current study, we infested two resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, 'Molly' and 'Iris', with an avirulent Hessian fly population and determined the impact of exogenous OPDA application on wheat resistance to the insect under heat stress. We observed that Molly and Iris treated with OPDA solution prior to the heat treatment exhibited significantly enhanced insect resistance. We also measured OPDA concentrations at Hessian fly feeding sites in Molly infested with Hessian flies. We found that exogenous application of OPDA resulted in increased abundance of endogenous OPDA in Molly seedlings and that OPDA abundance in plants treated with the combination of heat and OPDA was similar to that of plants in the incompatible interaction. Our results suggest that high abundance of endogenous OPDA may be necessary for wheat under heat stress to resist to Hessian fly infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC
| | - Ming-Shun Chen
- USDA-ARS and Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS
| | - Lieceng Zhu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC
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Guo J, Xu C, Wu D, Zhao Y, Qiu Y, Wang X, Ouyang Y, Cai B, Liu X, Jing S, Shangguan X, Wang H, Ma Y, Hu L, Wu Y, Shi S, Wang W, Zhu L, Xu X, Chen R, Feng Y, Du B, He G. Bph6 encodes an exocyst-localized protein and confers broad resistance to planthoppers in rice. Nat Genet 2018; 50:297-306. [PMID: 29358653 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0039-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The brown planthopper (BPH) and white-backed planthopper (WBPH) are the most destructive insect pests of rice, and they pose serious threats to rice production throughout Asia. Thus, there are urgent needs to identify resistance-conferring genes and to breed planthopper-resistant rice varieties. Here we report the map-based cloning and functional analysis of Bph6, a gene that confers resistance to planthoppers in rice. Bph6 encodes a previously uncharacterized protein that localizes to exocysts and interacts with the exocyst subunit OsEXO70E1. Bph6 expression increases exocytosis and participates in cell wall maintenance and reinforcement. A coordinated cytokinin, salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling pathway is activated in Bph6-carrying plants, which display broad resistance to all tested BPH biotypes and to WBPH without sacrificing yield, as these plants were found to maintain a high level of performance in a field that was heavily infested with BPH. Our results suggest that a superior resistance gene that evolved long ago in a region where planthoppers are found year round could be very valuable for controlling agricultural insect pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunxue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Di Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongfu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yidan Ouyang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Baodong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shengli Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinxin Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Huiying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinhua Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaojie Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xun Xu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuqi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Guangcun He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Basu S, Varsani S, Louis J. Altering Plant Defenses: Herbivore-Associated Molecular Patterns and Effector Arsenal of Chewing Herbivores. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2018; 31:13-21. [PMID: 28840787 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-17-0183-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chewing herbivores, such as caterpillars and beetles, while feeding on the host plant, cause extensive tissue damage and release a wide array of cues to alter plant defenses. Consequently, the cues can have both beneficial and detrimental impacts on the chewing herbivores. Herbivore-associated molecular patterns (HAMPs) are molecules produced by herbivorous insects that aid them to elicit plant defenses leading to impairment of insect growth, while effectors suppress plant defenses and contribute to increased susceptibility to subsequent feeding by chewing herbivores. Besides secretions that originate from glands (e.g., saliva) and fore- and midgut regions (e.g., oral secretions) of chewing herbivores, recent studies have shown that insect frass and herbivore-associated endosymbionts also play a critical role in modulating plant defenses. In this review, we provide an update on a growing body of literature that discusses the chewing insect HAMPs and effectors and the mechanisms by which they modulate host defenses. Novel "omic" approaches and availability of new tools will help researchers to move forward this discipline by identifying and characterizing novel insect HAMPs and effectors and how these herbivore-associated cues are perceived by host plant receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joe Louis
- 1 Department of Entomology; and
- 2 Department of Biochemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, U.S.A
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Liu L, Zou Z, Qian K, Xia C, He Y, Zeng H, Zhou X, Riemann M, Yin C. Jasmonic acid deficiency leads to scattered floret opening time in cytoplasmic male sterile rice Zhenshan 97A. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:4613-4625. [PMID: 28981770 PMCID: PMC5853226 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) rice has been widely used for hybrid rice seed production in China. However, CMS rice suffers from undesirable flowering habits including scattered floret opening time (FOT), which causes different FOTs among parental rice plants and greatly reduces hybrid rice seed production. Little is known about the mechanism of scattered FOT in CMS rice. Our results demonstrate that scattered FOT in CMS rice Zhenshan 97A (ZS97A) resulted from the lack of a driving force to open florets, which was directly caused by retarded lodicule expansion. Our results indicate that retarded lodicule expansion in ZS97A was caused by reduced water accumulation due to retarded accumulation of osmotic regulation substances (ORSs). Further, the retardation in accumulation of ORSs and water were caused by jasmonic acid (JA) deficiency, resulting from down-regulation of OsAOC expression. Applying JA restored scattered FOT in ZS97A by promoting ORS and water accumulation, and inducing the expansion of the lodicules. Taken together, JA deficiency inhibited lodicule expansion by retarding the accumulation of ORSs and water, leading to scattered FOT in CMS rice ZS97A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengshan Zou
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Qian
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chan Xia
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying He
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hanlai Zeng
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xie Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Michael Riemann
- Botanical Institute, Molecular Cell Biology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (CS), Kaiserstr, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Changxi Yin
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Correspondence:
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Li C, Luo C, Zhou Z, Wang R, Ling F, Xiao L, Lin Y, Chen H. Gene expression and plant hormone levels in two contrasting rice genotypes responding to brown planthopper infestation. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:57. [PMID: 28245796 PMCID: PMC5331639 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brown planthopper (BPH; Nilaparvata lugens Stål) is a destructive piercing-sucking insect pest of rice. The plant hormones salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) play important roles in plant-pest interactions. Many isolated rice genes that modulate BPH resistance are involved in the metabolism or signaling pathways of SA, JA and ethylene. 'Rathu Heenati' (RH) is a rice cultivar with a high-level, broad-spectrum resistance to all BPH biotypes. Here, RH was used as the research material, while a BPH-susceptible rice cultivar 'Taichung Native 1' (TN1) was the control. A cDNA microarray analysis illuminated the resistance response at the genome level of RH under BPH infestation. The levels of SA and JA in RH and TN1 seedlings after BPH infestation were also determined. RESULTS The expression pattern clustering indicated that 1467 differential probe sets may be associated with constitutive resistance and 67 with the BPH infestation-responsive resistance of RH. A Venn diagram analysis revealed 192 RH-specific and BPH-inducible probe sets. Finally, 23 BPH resistance-related gene candidates were selected based on the expression pattern clustering and Venn diagram analysis. In RH, the SA content significantly increased and the JA content significantly decreased after BPH infestation, with the former occurring prior to the latter. In RH, the differential genes in the SA pathway were synthesis-related and were up-regulated after BPH infestation. The differential genes in the JA pathway were also up-regulated. They were jasmonate ZIM-domain transcription factors, which are important negative regulators of the JA pathway. Comparatively, genes involved in the ET pathway were less affected by a BPH infestation in RH. DNA sequence analysis revealed that most BPH infestation-inducible genes may be regulated by the genetic background in a trans-acting manner, instead of by their promoters. CONCLUSIONS We profiled the analysis of the global gene expression in RH and TN1 under BPH infestation, together with changes in the SA and JA levels. SA plays a leading role in the resistance response of rice to BPH. Our results will aid in understanding the molecular basis of RH's BPH resistance and facilitate the identification of new resistance-related genes for breeding BPH-resistant rice varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Chao Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Zaihui Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Rui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Fei Ling
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Langtao Xiao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Phytohormones and Growth Development, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Yongjun Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Hao Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Donze-Reiner T, Palmer NA, Scully ED, Prochaska TJ, Koch KG, Heng-Moss T, Bradshaw JD, Twigg P, Amundsen K, Sattler SE, Sarath G. Transcriptional analysis of defense mechanisms in upland tetraploid switchgrass to greenbugs. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:46. [PMID: 28209137 PMCID: PMC5314684 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-0998-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aphid infestation of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) has the potential to reduce yields and biomass quality. Although switchgrass-greenbug (Schizaphis graminum; GB) interactions have been studied at the whole plant level, little information is available on plant defense responses at the molecular level. RESULTS The global transcriptomic response of switchgrass cv Summer to GB was monitored by RNA-Seq in infested and control (uninfested) plants harvested at 5, 10, and 15 days after infestation (DAI). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in infested plants were analyzed relative to control uninfested plants at each time point. DEGs in GB-infested plants induced by 5-DAI included an upregulation of reactive burst oxidases and several cell wall receptors. Expression changes in genes linked to redox metabolism, cell wall structure, and hormone biosynthesis were also observed by 5-DAI. At 10-DAI, network analysis indicated a massive upregulation of defense-associated genes, including NAC, WRKY, and MYB classes of transcription factors and potential ancillary signaling molecules such as leucine aminopeptidases. Molecular evidence for loss of chloroplastic functions was also detected at this time point. Supporting these molecular changes, chlorophyll content was significantly decreased, and ROS levels were elevated in infested plants 10-DAI. Total peroxidase and laccase activities were elevated in infested plants at 10-DAI relative to control uninfested plants. The net result appeared to be a broad scale defensive response that led to an apparent reduction in C and N assimilation and a potential redirection of nutrients away from GB and towards the production of defensive compounds, such as pipecolic acid, chlorogenic acid, and trehalose by 10-DAI. By 15-DAI, evidence of recovery in primary metabolism was noted based on transcript abundances for genes associated with carbon, nitrogen, and nutrient assimilation. CONCLUSIONS Extensive remodeling of the plant transcriptome and the production of ROS and several defensive metabolites in an upland switchgrass cultivar were observed in response to GB feeding. The early loss and apparent recovery in primary metabolism by 15-DAI would suggest that these transcriptional changes in later stages of GB infestation could underlie the recovery response categorized for this switchgrass cultivar. These results can be exploited to develop switchgrass lines with more durable resistance to GB and potentially other aphids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Donze-Reiner
- Department of Biology, West Chester University of Pennsylvania, West Chester, PA 19383 USA
| | - Nathan A. Palmer
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 251 Filley Hall, East Campus, UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937 USA
| | - Erin D. Scully
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 251 Filley Hall, East Campus, UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937 USA
- Stored Product Insect and Engineering Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA
| | - Travis J. Prochaska
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
- Present address: North Central Research Extension Center, North Dakota State University, South Minot, ND 58701 USA
| | - Kyle G. Koch
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
| | - Tiffany Heng-Moss
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
| | - Jeffrey D. Bradshaw
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0816 USA
| | - Paul Twigg
- Biology Department, University of Nebraska-Kearney, Kearney, NE 68849 USA
| | - Keenan Amundsen
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0915 USA
| | - Scott E. Sattler
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 251 Filley Hall, East Campus, UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937 USA
| | - Gautam Sarath
- Wheat, Sorghum, and Forage Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 251 Filley Hall, East Campus, UNL, Lincoln, NE 68583-0937 USA
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Independent Effects of a Herbivore's Bacterial Symbionts on Its Performance and Induced Plant Defences. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18010182. [PMID: 28106771 PMCID: PMC5297814 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18010182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well known that microbial pathogens and herbivores elicit defence responses in plants. Moreover, microorganisms associated with herbivores, such as bacteria or viruses, can modulate the plant’s response to herbivores. Herbivorous spider mites can harbour different species of bacterial symbionts and exert a broad range of effects on host-plant defences. Hence, we tested the extent to which such symbionts affect the plant’s defences induced by their mite host and assessed if this translates into changes in plant resistance. We assessed the bacterial communities of two strains of the common mite pest Tetranychus urticae. We found that these strains harboured distinct symbiotic bacteria and removed these using antibiotics. Subsequently, we tested to which extent mites with and without symbiotic bacteria induce plant defences in terms of phytohormone accumulation and defence gene expression, and assessed mite oviposition and survival as a measure for plant resistance. We observed that the absence/presence of these bacteria altered distinct plant defence parameters and affected mite performance but we did not find indications for a causal link between the two. We argue that although bacteria-related effects on host-induced plant defences may occur, these do not necessarily affect plant resistance concomitantly.
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Ling Y, Weilin Z. Genetic and biochemical mechanisms of rice resistance to planthopper. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1559-72. [PMID: 26979747 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1962-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive review on the genetic and biochemical mechanisms governing rice-planthopper interactions, aiming to contribute substantial planthopper control and facilitate breeding for resistance to planthoppers in rice. The rice planthopper is the most destructive pest of rice and a substantial threat to rice production. The brown planthopper (BPH), white-backed planthopper (WBPH) and small brown planthopper (SBPH) are three species of delphacid planthoppers and important piercing-sucking pests of rice. Host-plant resistance has been recognized as the most practical, economical and environmentally friendly strategy to control planthoppers. Until now, at least 30, 14 and 34 major genes/quantitative trait loci for resistance to BPH, WBPH and SBPH have been identified, respectively. Recent inheritance and molecular mapping of gene analysis showed that some planthopper-resistance genes in rice derived from different donors aggregate in clusters, while resistance to these three species of planthoppers in a single donor is governed not by any one dominant gene but by multiple genes. Notably, Bph14, Bph26, Bph3 and Bph29 were successfully identified as BPH-resistance genes in rice. Biological and chemical studies on the feeding of planthoppers indicate that rice plants have acquired various forms of defence against planthoppers. Between the rice-planthopper interactions, rice plants defend against planthoppers through activation the salicylic acid-dependent systemic acquired resistance but not jasmonate-dependent hormone response pathways. Transgenic rice for the planthopper-resistance mechanism shows that jasmonate and its metabolites function diversely in rice's resistance to planthopper. Understanding the genetic and biochemical mechanisms underlying resistance in rice will contribute to the substantial control of such pests and facilitate breeding for rice's resistance to planthopper more efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ling
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Blvd, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhang Weilin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, 688 Yingbin Blvd, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Dave A, Vaistij FE, Gilday AD, Penfield SD, Graham IA. Regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana seed dormancy and germination by 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:2277-84. [PMID: 26873978 PMCID: PMC4809285 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that the oxylipin 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) acts along with abscisic acid to regulate seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana, but the mechanistic details of this synergistic interaction remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that OPDA acts through the germination inhibition effects of abscisic acid, the abscisic acid-sensing ABI5 protein, and the gibberellin-sensing RGL2 DELLA protein. We further demonstrate that OPDA also acts through another dormancy-promoting factor, MOTHER-OF-FT-AND-TFL1 (MFT). Both abscisic acid and MFT positively feed back into the OPDA pathway by promoting its accumulation. These results confirm the central role of OPDA in regulating seed dormancy and germination in A. thaliana and underline the complexity of interactions between OPDA and other dormancy-promoting factors such as abscisic acid, RGL2, and MFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuja Dave
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Fabián E Vaistij
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Alison D Gilday
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Steven D Penfield
- Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Graham
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
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50
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Abstract
Jasmonates (JAs) constitute a major class of plant regulators that coordinate responses to biotic and abiotic threats and important aspects of plant development. The core biosynthetic pathway converts linolenic acid released from plastid membrane lipids to the cyclopentenone cis-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) that is further reduced and shortened to jasmonic acid (JA) in peroxisomes. Abundant pools of OPDA esterified to plastid lipids also occur upon stress, mainly in the Arabidopsis genus. Long thought to be the bioactive hormone, JA only gains its pleiotropic hormonal properties upon conjugation into jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile). The signaling pathway triggered when JA-Ile promotes the assembly of COI1-JAZ (Coronatine Insensitive 1-JAsmonate Zim domain) co-receptor complexes has been the focus of most recent research in the jasmonate field. In parallel, OPDA and several other JA derivatives are recognized for their separate activities and contribute to the diversity of jasmonate action in plant physiology. We summarize in this chapter the properties of different bioactive JAs and review elements known for their perception and signal transduction. Much progress has also been gained on the enzymatic processes governing JA-Ile removal. Two JA-Ile catabolic pathways, operating through ω-oxidation (cytochromes P450) or conjugate cleavage (amido hydrolases) shape signal dynamics to allow optimal control on defense. JA-Ile turnover not only participates in signal attenuation, but also impact the homeostasis of the entire JA metabolic pathway.
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