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Endophytic Fungi: Key Insights, Emerging Prospects, and Challenges in Natural Product Drug Discovery. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020360. [PMID: 35208814 PMCID: PMC8876476 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-associated endophytes define an important symbiotic association in nature and are established bio-reservoirs of plant-derived natural products. Endophytes colonize the internal tissues of a plant without causing any disease symptoms or apparent changes. Recently, there has been a growing interest in endophytes because of their beneficial effects on the production of novel metabolites of pharmacological significance. Studies have highlighted the socio-economic implications of endophytic fungi in agriculture, medicine, and the environment, with considerable success. Endophytic fungi-mediated biosynthesis of well-known metabolites includes taxol from Taxomyces andreanae, azadirachtin A and B from Eupenicillium parvum, vincristine from Fusarium oxysporum, and quinine from Phomopsis sp. The discovery of the billion-dollar anticancer drug taxol was a landmark in endophyte biology/research and established new paradigms for the metabolic potential of plant-associated endophytes. In addition, endophytic fungi have emerged as potential prolific producers of antimicrobials, antiseptics, and antibiotics of plant origin. Although extensively studied as a “production platform” of novel pharmacological metabolites, the molecular mechanisms of plant–endophyte dynamics remain less understood/explored for their efficient utilization in drug discovery. The emerging trends in endophytic fungi-mediated biosynthesis of novel bioactive metabolites, success stories of key pharmacological metabolites, strategies to overcome the existing challenges in endophyte biology, and future direction in endophytic fungi-based drug discovery forms the underlying theme of this article.
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2
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Hinzke T, Kleiner M, Meister M, Schlüter R, Hentschker C, Pané-Farré J, Hildebrandt P, Felbeck H, Sievert SM, Bonn F, Völker U, Becher D, Schweder T, Markert S. Bacterial symbiont subpopulations have different roles in a deep-sea symbiosis. eLife 2021; 10:58371. [PMID: 33404502 PMCID: PMC7787665 DOI: 10.7554/elife.58371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The hydrothermal vent tubeworm Riftia pachyptila hosts a single 16S rRNA phylotype of intracellular sulfur-oxidizing symbionts, which vary considerably in cell morphology and exhibit a remarkable degree of physiological diversity and redundancy, even in the same host. To elucidate whether multiple metabolic routes are employed in the same cells or rather in distinct symbiont subpopulations, we enriched symbionts according to cell size by density gradient centrifugation. Metaproteomic analysis, microscopy, and flow cytometry strongly suggest that Riftia symbiont cells of different sizes represent metabolically dissimilar stages of a physiological differentiation process: While small symbionts actively divide and may establish cellular symbiont-host interaction, large symbionts apparently do not divide, but still replicate DNA, leading to DNA endoreduplication. Moreover, in large symbionts, carbon fixation and biomass production seem to be metabolic priorities. We propose that this division of labor between smaller and larger symbionts benefits the productivity of the symbiosis as a whole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjorven Hinzke
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany.,Energy Bioengineering Group, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Manuel Kleiner
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, United States
| | - Mareike Meister
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rabea Schlüter
- Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Christian Hentschker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan Pané-Farré
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Petra Hildebrandt
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Horst Felbeck
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | - Stefan M Sievert
- Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, United States
| | - Florian Bonn
- Institute of Biochemistry, University Hospital, Goethe University School of Medicine Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Thomas Schweder
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephanie Markert
- Institute of Pharmacy, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Greifswald, Germany
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Carotenuto G, Volpe V, Russo G, Politi M, Sciascia I, de Almeida-Engler J, Genre A. Local endoreduplication as a feature of intracellular fungal accommodation in arbuscular mycorrhizas. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2019; 223:430-446. [PMID: 11386364 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The intracellular accommodation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is a paradigmatic feature of this plant symbiosis that depends on the activation of a dedicated signaling pathway and the extensive reprogramming of host cells, including striking changes in nuclear size and transcriptional activity. By combining targeted sampling of early root colonization sites, detailed confocal imaging, flow cytometry and gene expression analyses, we demonstrate that local, recursive events of endoreduplication are triggered in the Medicago truncatula root cortex during AM colonization. AM colonization induces an increase in ploidy levels and the activation of endocycle specific markers. This response anticipates the progression of fungal colonization and is limited to arbusculated and neighboring cells in the cortical tissue. Furthermore, endoreduplication is not induced in M. truncatula mutants for symbiotic signaling pathway genes. On this basis, we propose endoreduplication as part of the host cell prepenetration responses that anticipate AM fungal accommodation in the root cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Carotenuto
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Volpe
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Giulia Russo
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Mara Politi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | - Ivan Sciascia
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Genre
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10125, Torino, Italy
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Ali MY, Hassan GM, Hassan AMS, Mohamed ZA, Ramadan MF. In vivo genotoxicity assessment of sunset yellow and sodium benzoate in female rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2018; 43:504-513. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2018.1510416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yassin Ali
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | | | - Zaher Ahmed Mohamed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Umm Al-Qura, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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5
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Uzma F, Mohan CD, Hashem A, Konappa NM, Rangappa S, Kamath PV, Singh BP, Mudili V, Gupta VK, Siddaiah CN, Chowdappa S, Alqarawi AA, Abd Allah EF. Endophytic Fungi-Alternative Sources of Cytotoxic Compounds: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:309. [PMID: 29755344 PMCID: PMC5932204 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death worldwide, with an increasing number of cases being reported annually. The elevated rate of mortality necessitates a global challenge to explore newer sources of anticancer drugs. Recent advancements in cancer treatment involve the discovery and development of new and improved chemotherapeutics derived from natural or synthetic sources. Natural sources offer the potential of finding new structural classes with unique bioactivities for cancer therapy. Endophytic fungi represent a rich source of bioactive metabolites that can be manipulated to produce desirable novel analogs for chemotherapy. This review offers a current and integrative account of clinically used anticancer drugs such as taxol, podophyllotoxin, camptothecin, and vinca alkaloids in terms of their mechanism of action, isolation from endophytic fungi and their characterization, yield obtained, and fungal strain improvement strategies. It also covers recent literature on endophytic fungal metabolites from terrestrial, mangrove, and marine sources as potential anticancer agents and emphasizes the findings for cytotoxic bioactive compounds tested against specific cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazilath Uzma
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Chakrabhavi D Mohan
- Department of Studies in Molecular Biology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Shobith Rangappa
- Adichunchanagiri Institute for Molecular Medicine, BG Nagara, Mandya, India
| | - Praveen V Kamath
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Bhim P Singh
- Molecular Microbiology and Systematics Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Mizoram University, Aizawl, India
| | - Venkataramana Mudili
- Microbiology Division, DRDO-BU-Centre for Life sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Chandra N Siddaiah
- Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Srinivas Chowdappa
- Microbial Metabolite Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Bangalore University, Bangalore, India
| | - Abdulaziz A Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elsayed F Abd Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Komaki Y, Plewa MJ. Investigation of nuclear enzyme topoisomerase as a putative molecular target of monohaloacetonitrile disinfection by-products. J Environ Sci (China) 2017; 58:231-238. [PMID: 28774614 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Disinfection by-products occur widely as the unintended effect of water disinfection and are associated with toxicity and adverse human health effects. Yet the molecular mechanisms of their toxicity are not well understood. To investigate the molecular basis of hyperploidy induction by monohaloacetonitriles, the interaction of monohaloacetonitriles with topoisomerase II in Chinese hamster ovary cells was examined. We showed a concentration-dependent inhibition of DNA decatenation activity of topoisomerase under acellular conditions while in vitro monohaloacetonitrile treatment expressed mixed results. The working hypothesis, that topoisomerase II is a molecular target of monohaloacetonitriles, was only partially supported. Nevertheless, this research serves as a starting point toward molecular mechanisms of toxic action of monohaloacetonitriles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Komaki
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Safe Global Water Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| | - Michael J Plewa
- Safe Global Water Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
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7
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Sharaf Al- A. Genotoxicity Assessment of Fresh Khat Leaves Extract in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cell Lines. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.3923/jms.2017.126.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Jeon KH, Park C, Kadayat TM, Shrestha A, Lee ES, Kwon Y. A novel indeno[1,2-b]pyridinone derivative, a DNA intercalative human topoisomerase IIα catalytic inhibitor, for caspase 3-independent anticancer activity. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:6864-6867. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02372c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel 2-(furan-2-yl)-4-(pyridin-2-yl)-5H-indeno[1,2-b]pyridin-5-one (TI-1-190) was synthesized using a simple microwave-assisted method and its mode of action was systematically characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. H. Jeon
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750
- Republic of Korea
| | - C. Park
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750
- Republic of Korea
| | - T. M. Kadayat
- College of Pharmacy
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - A. Shrestha
- College of Pharmacy
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - E. S. Lee
- College of Pharmacy
- Yeungnam University
- Gyeongsan 712-749
- Republic of Korea
| | - Y. Kwon
- College of Pharmacy
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Ewha Womans University
- Seoul 120-750
- Republic of Korea
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Tunca H, Berber AA, Çanakçi K, Tuna M, Yildiz SZ, Aksoy H. Synthesis, characterization, and determination of genotoxic effect of a novel dimeric 8-hydroxyquinoline Cd(II) SCN complex. Drug Chem Toxicol 2016; 40:300-308. [PMID: 27631679 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2016.1223094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a Cd(II) complex was synthesized using 8-hydroxyquinoline and thiocyanate as the ligands and structurally characterized with the combination of FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, UV-vis, and MS spectral data. Then, genotoxic effects of the prepared complex were investigated. Genotoxic properties of the dimeric 8-hydroxyquinolinthiocyanatoCd(II) [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] complex synthesized as drug raw material were analyzed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Concentrations of 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 μg/mL [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] were used for 24 and 48 h durations. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] significantly increased chromosomal aberrations (CAs) at 4, 6, and 8 μg/mL concentrations after a 24- h period and 2 and 4 μg/mL after a 48-h period. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] significantly decreased the mitotic index (MI) at all concentrations, both at 24 and 48 h. Micronuclei frequency (MN) was not affected by [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] treatment compared with the control. After application for a 48 h period, 6 and 8 μg/mL concentrations showed toxic effects both in chromosomal abnormality and in micronucleus tests. It also decreased the cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI), but this result was statistically significant only at 6 and 8 μg/mL concentrations. In the comet assay (single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)), significant increases in comet tail length, tail moment, and tail intensity were observed at all concentrations. [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2] displays clastogenic effect in the concentrations used in human peripheral lymphocytes at chromosomal abnormality, micronucleus tests, and cytokinesis-block proliferation index parameters. Further studies should be conducted in other test systems to evaluate the complete genotoxic potential of [Cd2(8Q)2(SCN)2].
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatice Tunca
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
| | - Ahmet Ali Berber
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
| | - Kubra Çanakçi
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Murat Tuna
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Salih Zeki Yildiz
- b Department of Chemistry , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Aksoy
- a Department of Biology , Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Sakarya University , Esentepe Campus , Sakarya , Turkey and
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Mahmoud AAT, Hassan GM, Hassan AMS, Abdel Latif AKM, Ramadan MF. Demonstrating adverse effects of a common food additive (sodium sulfite) on biochemical, cytological and histopathological parameters in tissues of albino Wister rats. Eur J Integr Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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11
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Rangel J, Strauss K, Seedorf K, Hjelmen CE, Johnston JS. Endopolyploidy changes with age-related polyethism in the honey bee, Apis mellifera. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122208. [PMID: 25881205 PMCID: PMC4400096 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) exhibit age polyethism, whereby female workers assume increasingly complex colony tasks as they age. While changes in DNA methylation accompany age polyethism, other DNA modifications accompanying age polyethism are less known. Changes in endopolyploidy (DNA amplification in the absence of cell division) with increased larval age are typical in many insect cells and are essential in adults for creating larger cells, more copies of essential loci, or greater storage capacity in secretory cells. However, changes in endopolyploidy with increased adult worker age and polyethism are unstudied. In this study, we examined endopolyploidy in honey bee workers ranging in age from newly emerged up to 55 days old. We found a nonsignificant increase in ploidy levels with age (P < 0.1) in the most highly endopolyploid secretory cells, the Malpighian tubules. All other cell types decreased ploidy levels with age. Endopolyploidy decreased the least amount (nonsignificant) in neural (brain) cells and the stinger (P < 0.1). There was a significant reduction of endopolyploidy with age in leg (P < 0.05) and thoracic (P < 0.001) muscles. Ploidy in thoracic muscle dropped from an average of 0.5 rounds of replication in newly emerged workers to essentially no rounds of replication (0.125) in the oldest workers. Ploidy reduction in flight muscle cells is likely due to the production of G1 (2C) nuclei by amitotic division in the multinucleate striated flight muscles that are essential to foragers, the oldest workers. We suggest that ploidy is constrained by the shape, size and makeup of the multinucleate striated muscle cells. Furthermore, the presence of multiple 2C nuclei might be optimal for cell function, while higher ploidy levels might be a dead-end strategy of some aging adult tissues, likely used to increase cell size and storage capacity in secretory cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Rangel
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
| | - Kim Strauss
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
| | - Kaileah Seedorf
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
| | - Carl E. Hjelmen
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
| | - J. Spencer Johnston
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States of America
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12
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Ren CE, Zhu X, Li J, Lyle C, Dowdy S, Podratz KC, Byck D, Chen HB, Jiang SW. Microarray analysis on gene regulation by estrogen, progesterone and tamoxifen in human endometrial stromal cells. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:5864-85. [PMID: 25782154 PMCID: PMC4394510 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial stromal cells represent a major cellular component of human uterine endometrium that is subject to tight hormonal regulation. Through cell-cell contacts and/or paracrine mechanisms, stromal cells play a significant role in the malignant transformation of epithelial cells. We isolated stromal cells from normal human endometrium and investigated the morphological and transcriptional changes induced by estrogen, progesterone and tamoxifen. We demonstrated that stromal cells express appreciable levels of estrogen and progesterone receptors and undergo different morphological changes upon hormonal stimulation. Microarray analysis indicated that both estrogen and progesterone induced dramatic alterations in a variety of genes associated with cell structure, transcription, cell cycle, and signaling. However, divergent patterns of changes, and in some genes opposite effects, were observed for the two hormones. A large number of genes are identified as novel targets for hormonal regulation. These hormone-responsive genes may be involved in normal uterine function and the development of endometrial malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-E Ren
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Reproductive Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261043, China.
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325001, China.
| | - Jinping Li
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Christian Lyle
- Department of Biology, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31419, USA.
| | - Sean Dowdy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Karl C Podratz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - David Byck
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
| | - Hai-Bin Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
| | - Shi-Wen Jiang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Mercer University School of Medicine, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Memorial Health University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
- Curtis and Elizabeth Anderson Cancer Institute, Department of Laboratory Oncology Research, Memorial University Medical Center, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
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Sulaiman GM. In vitro study of molecular structure and cytotoxicity effect of luteolin in the human colon carcinoma cells. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Zoledronic acid induces apoptosis and S-phase arrest in mesothelioma through inhibiting Rab family proteins and topoisomerase II actions. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1517. [PMID: 25393473 PMCID: PMC4260733 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL), a nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, produced anti-tumor effects through apoptosis induction or S-phase arrest depending on human mesothelioma cells tested. An addition of isoprenoid, geranylgeraniol but not farnesol, negated these ZOL-induced effects, indicating that the ZOL-mediated effects were attributable to depletion of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphates which were substrates for prenylation processes of small guanine-nucleotide-binding regulatory proteins (small G proteins). ZOL-treated cells decreased a ratio of membrane to cytoplasmic fractions in RhoA, Cdc42 and Rab6 but less significantly Rac1 proteins, indicating that these proteins were possible targets for ZOL-induced actions. We further analyzed which small G proteins were responsible for the three ZOL-induced effects, caspase-mediated apoptosis, S-phase arrest and morphological changes, using inhibitors for respective small G proteins and siRNA for Cdc42. ZOL-induced apoptosis is due to insufficient prenylation of Rab proteins because an inhibitor of geranlygeranyl transferase II that was specific for Rab family proteins prenylation, but not others inhibitors, activated the same apoptotic pathways that ZOL did. ZOL suppressed an endogenous topoisomerase II activity, which was associated with apoptosis and S-phase arrest in respective cells because we detected the same cell cycle changes in etoposide-treated cells. Inhibitors for geranlygeranyl transferase I and for RhoA produced morphological changes and disrupted actin fiber structures, both of which were similar to those by ZOL treatments. These data demonstrated that anti-tumor effects by ZOL were attributable to inhibited functions of respective small G proteins and topoisomerase II activity, and suggested that cellular factors were involved in the differential cell cycle changes.
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15
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Man WY, Mak JPY, Poon RYC. Dovitinib induces mitotic defects and activates the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. J Cell Mol Med 2013; 18:143-55. [PMID: 24238094 PMCID: PMC3916126 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dovitinib (TKI258; formerly CHIR-258) is an orally bioavailable inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases. Interestingly, Dovitinib triggered a G2/M arrest in cancer cell lines from diverse origins including HeLa, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Single-cell analysis revealed that Dovitinib promoted a delay in mitotic exit in a subset of cells, causing the cells to undergo mitotic slippage. Higher concentrations of Dovitinib induced a G2 arrest similar to the G2 DNA damage checkpoint. In support of this, DNA damage was triggered by Dovitinib as revealed by γ-H2AX and comet assays. The mitotic kinase CDK1 was found to be inactivated by phosphorylation in the presence of Dovitinib. Furthermore, the G2 arrest could be overcome by abrogation of the G2 DNA damage checkpoint using small molecule inhibitors of CHK1 and WEE1. Finally, Dovitinib-mediated G2 cell cycle arrest and subsequent cell death could be promoted after DNA damage repair was disrupted by inhibitors of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases. These results are consistent with the recent finding that Dovitinib can also target topoisomerases. Collectively, these results suggest additional directions for use of Dovitinib, in particular with agents that target the DNA damage checkpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Yu Man
- Division of Life Science, Center for Cancer Research, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong
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16
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Basso E, Fiore M, Leone S, Degrassi F, Cozzi R. Effects of resveratrol on topoisomerase II-α activity: induction of micronuclei and inhibition of chromosome segregation in CHO-K1 cells. Mutagenesis 2013; 28:243-8. [PMID: 23462849 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/ges067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, a great interest has emerged in resveratrol (RSV) activity in the prevention of various pathologies including cancer. We recently showed that RSV is able to interfere with topoisomerase II-α (TOPO2) activity in cancer cells, thus inducing a delay in S-phase progression with concomitant phosphorylation of the histone H2AX. TOPO2 is mainly active in proliferating cells and is involved in the resolution of supercoiled DNA and chromosome segregation during mitosis. Here, we studied the effects of RSV in CHO-K1 cells concerning to chromosome damage and segregation as a consequence of TOPO2 inhibition. We show an increase in micronuclei and in polyploid and endoreduplicated cells due to incorrect chromosome segregation. Furthermore, since incomplete segregation can also affect the normal distribution of mitotic figures, we checked mitosis progression showing an increase in metaphase in relation to ana-telophase after RSV treatment. On the whole, our data show that RSV affects chromosome stability and segregation in proliferating cells, probably interfering with TOPO2 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiliano Basso
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università Roma TRE, Roma, Italy
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17
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Marklein D, Graab U, Naumann I, Yan T, Ridzewski R, Nitzki F, Rosenberger A, Dittmann K, Wienands J, Wojnowski L, Fulda S, Hahn H. PI3K inhibition enhances doxorubicin-induced apoptosis in sarcoma cells. PLoS One 2012; 7:e52898. [PMID: 23300809 PMCID: PMC3534123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 11/22/2012] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
We searched for a drug capable of sensitization of sarcoma cells to doxorubicin (DOX). We report that the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PI103 enhances the efficacy of DOX in several sarcoma cell lines and interacts with DOX in the induction of apoptosis. PI103 decreased the expression of MDR1 and MRP1, which resulted in DOX accumulation. However, the enhancement of DOX-induced apoptosis was unrelated to DOX accumulation. Neither did it involve inhibition of mTOR. Instead, the combination treatment of DOX plus PI103 activated Bax, the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway, and caspase 3. Caspase 3 activation was also observed in xenografts of sarcoma cells in nude mice upon combination of DOX with the specific PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941. Although the increase in apoptosis did not further impact on tumor growth when compared to the efficient growth inhibition by GDC-0941 alone, these findings suggest that inhibition of PI3K may improve DOX-induced proapoptotic effects in sarcoma. Taken together with similar recent studies of neuroblastoma- and glioblastoma-derived cells, PI3K inhibition seems to be a more general option to sensitize tumor cells to anthracyclines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Marklein
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ulrike Graab
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ivonne Naumann
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tiandong Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Rosalie Ridzewski
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Frauke Nitzki
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Albert Rosenberger
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Kai Dittmann
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wienands
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Leszek Wojnowski
- Department of Pharmacology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Pediatrics, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Heidi Hahn
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center, Goettingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
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18
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Pastor N, Domínguez I, Orta ML, Campanella C, Mateos S, Cortés F. The DNA topoisomerase II catalytic inhibitor merbarone is genotoxic and induces endoreduplication. Mutat Res 2012; 738-739:45-51. [PMID: 22921906 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2012.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/19/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last years a number of reports have shown that the so-called topoisomerase II (topo II) catalytic inhibitors are able to induce DNA and chromosome damage, an unexpected result taking into account that they do not stabilize topo II-DNA cleavable complexes, a feature of topo II poisons such as etoposide and amsacrine. Merbarone inhibits the catalytic activity of topo II by blocking DNA cleavage by the enzyme. While it was first reported that merbarone does not induce genotoxic effects in mammalian cells, this has been challenged by reports showing that the topo II inhibitor induces efficiently chromosome and DNA damage, and the question as to a possible behavior as a topo II poison has been put forward. Given these contradictory results, and the as yet incomplete knowledge of the molecular mechanism of action of merbarone, in the present study we have tried to further characterize the mechanism of action of merbarone on cell proliferation, cell cycle, as well as chromosome and DNA damage in cultured CHO cells. Merbarone was cytotoxic as well as genotoxic, inhibited topo II catalytic activity, and induced endoreduplication. We have also shown that merbarone-induced DNA damage depends upon ongoing DNA synthesis. Supporting this, inhibition of DNA synthesis causes reduction of DNA damage and increased cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pastor
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Seville, Spain
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19
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Al-Zubairi AS. Genotoxicity Assessment of a Natural Anti-cancer Compound Zerumbone in CHO Cell Lines. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3923/ijcr.2012.119.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Majumdar K, Taher A, Nandi RK. Synthesis of heterocycles by domino-Knoevenagel–hetero-Diels–Alder reactions. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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21
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Linnebacher M, Lorenz P, Koy C, Jahnke A, Born N, Steinbeck F, Wollbold J, Latzkow T, Thiesen HJ, Glocker MO. Clonality characterization of natural epitope-specific antibodies against the tumor-related antigen topoisomerase IIa by peptide chip and proteome analysis: a pilot study with colorectal carcinoma patient samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:227-38. [PMID: 22349330 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5781-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2012] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Linnebacher
- Department of General Surgery, Molecular Oncology and Immunotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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22
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Sakaue-Sawano A, Kobayashi T, Ohtawa K, Miyawaki A. Drug-induced cell cycle modulation leading to cell-cycle arrest, nuclear mis-segregation, or endoreplication. BMC Cell Biol 2011; 12:2. [PMID: 21226962 PMCID: PMC3277280 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-12-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2010] [Accepted: 01/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer cell responses to chemotherapeutic agents vary, and this may reflect different defects in DNA repair, cell-cycle checkpoints, and apoptosis control. Cytometry analysis only quantifies dye-incorporation to examine DNA content and does not reflect the biological complexity of the cell cycle in drug discovery screens. RESULTS Using population and time-lapse imaging analyses of cultured immortalized cells expressing a new version of the fluorescent cell-cycle indicator, Fucci (Fluorescent Ubiquitination-based Cell Cycle Indicator), we found great diversity in the cell-cycle alterations induced by two anticancer drugs. When treated with etoposide, an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase II, HeLa and NMuMG cells halted at the G2/M checkpoint. HeLa cells remained there, but NMuMG cells then overrode the checkpoint and underwent nuclear mis-segregation or avoided the checkpoint and entered the endoreplication cycle in a drug concentration dependent manner. In contrast, an inhibitor of Cdk4 led to G1 arrest or endoreplication in NMuMG cells depending upon the initial cell-cycle phase of drug exposure. CONCLUSIONS Drug-induced cell cycle modulation varied not only between different cell types or following treatment with different drugs, but also between cells treated with different concentrations of the same drug or following drug addition during different phases of the cell cycle. By combining cytometry analysis with the Fucci probe, we have developed a novel assay that fully integrates the complexity of cell cycle regulation into drug discovery screens. This assay system will represent a powerful drug-discovery tool for the development of the next generation of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asako Sakaue-Sawano
- Life Function and Dynamics, ERATO, JST, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, Advanced Technology Development Group, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tamiyo Kobayashi
- MIS Division, Olympus Corp., 2-3 Kuboyama-cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-8512, Japan
| | - Kenji Ohtawa
- Brain Science Research Division, Brain Science and Life Technology, Research Foundation, 1-28-12 Narimasu, Itabashi, Tokyo 175-0094, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Life Function and Dynamics, ERATO, JST, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory for Cell Function and Dynamics, Advanced Technology Development Group, Brain Science Institute, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-city, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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23
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A comparative analysis of chromosomal aberrations in cultured human lymphocytes due to fluoroquinolone drugs at different expression periods. Arch Toxicol 2010; 84:411-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-009-0509-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 12/22/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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24
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Kinkley S, Staege H, Mohrmann G, Rohaly G, Schaub T, Kremmer E, Winterpacht A, Will H. SPOC1: a novel PHD-containing protein modulating chromatin structure and mitotic chromosome condensation. J Cell Sci 2009; 122:2946-56. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.047365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we characterize the molecular and functional features of a novel protein called SPOC1. SPOC1 RNA expression was previously reported to be highest in highly proliferating tissues and increased in a subset of ovarian carcinoma patients, which statistically correlated with poor prognosis and residual disease. These observations implied that SPOC1 might play a role in cellular proliferation and oncogenesis. Here we show that the endogenous SPOC1 protein is labile, primarily chromatin associated and its expression as well as localization are regulated throughout the cell cycle. SPOC1 is dynamically regulated during mitosis with increased expression levels and biphasic localization to mitotic chromosomes indicating a functional role of SPOC1 in mitotic processes. Consistent with this postulate, SPOC1 siRNA knockdown experiments resulted in defects in mitotic chromosome condensation, alignment and aberrant sister chromatid segregation. Finally, we have been able to show, using micrococcal nuclease (MNase) chromatin-digestion assays that SPOC1 expression levels proportionally influence the degree of chromatin compaction. Collectively, our findings show that SPOC1 modulates chromatin structure and that tight regulation of its expression levels and subcellular localization during mitosis are crucial for proper chromosome condensation and cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kinkley
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Staege
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gerrit Mohrmann
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gabor Rohaly
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Theres Schaub
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kremmer
- Institute of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Marchioninstrasse 25, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Hans Will
- Heinrich-Pette Institute for Experimental Virology and Immunology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
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25
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Jiménez-Alonso S, Orellana HC, Estévez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Pérez-Sacau E, Machín F. Design and Synthesis of a Novel Series of Pyranonaphthoquinones as Topoisomerase II Catalytic Inhibitors. J Med Chem 2008; 51:6761-72. [DOI: 10.1021/jm800499x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Jiménez-Alonso
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Haydee Chávez Orellana
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Ana Estévez-Braun
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Angel G. Ravelo
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Elisa Pérez-Sacau
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | - Felix Machín
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica “Antonio González”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avda. Astrofísico Fco, Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain, Instituto Canario de Investigaciones del Cáncer (ICIC) , Spain, Facultad de Farmacia Bioquímica, Universidad San Luis Gonzaga de Ica, Peru, and Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Carretera del Rosario, 145, 38010, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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26
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Yılmaz S, Unal F, Yüzbaşıoğlu D, Aksoy H. Clastogenic effects of food additive citric acid in human peripheral lymphocytes. Cytotechnology 2008; 56:137-44. [PMID: 19002851 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-008-9137-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2007] [Accepted: 02/08/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Clastogenic properties of the food additive citric acid, commonly used as an antioxidant, were analysed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Citric acid induced a significant increase of chromosomal aberrations (CAs) at all the concentrations and treatment periods tested. Citric acid significantly decreased mitotic index (MI) at 100 and 200 mug ml(-1) concentrations at 24 h, and in all concentrations at 48 h. However, it did not decrease the replication index (RI) significantly. Citric acid also significantly increased sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) at 100 and 200 mug ml(-1) concentrations at 24 h, and in all concentrations at 48 h. This chemical significantly increased the micronuclei frequency (MN) compared to the negative control. It also decreased the cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI), but this result was not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Yılmaz
- Arts and Sciences Faculty, Department of Biology, Gazi University, 06500, Ankara, Turkey,
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27
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Cortés F, Pastor N, Mateos S, Domínguez I. Topoisomerase inhibitors as therapeutic weapons. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2007. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.17.5.521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Maralhas A, Monteiro A, Martins C, Kranendonk M, Laires A, Rueff J, Rodrigues AS. Genotoxicity and endoreduplication inducing activity of the food flavouring eugenol. Mutagenesis 2006; 21:199-204. [PMID: 16595588 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gel017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol (1-allyl-3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzene; CAS No. 97-53-0), a compound extracted from clove oil and marjoram, is widely used as a food flavouring substance and is present in spices such as basil, cinnamon and nutmeg. It is also used in dentistry as an antiseptic and analgesic. Structural similarities with the class IIB IARC carcinogen safrole raises questions on its putative carcinogenicity. We evaluated the genotoxicity of eugenol in V79 cells using chromosomal aberrations (CAs), with and without rat liver biotransformation (S9). Eugenol induced CAs, with significant increases (3.5% aberrant cells) at 2500 microM, demonstrating cytotoxicity at higher doses. S9 increased the induction of CAs in a dose-dependent manner to 15% at 2500 microM, with a high frequency of chromatid exchanges. In particular, an increase of endoreduplicated cells was observed, from 0% at control levels to 2.3 and 5% at 2000 microM, without and with S9, respectively. Since endoreduplication has been linked to inhibition of topoisomerase II, the topoisomerase II inhibitor ICRF-193 was used as a control inducer of endoreduplication (0.1-0.5 microM), increasing the number of endoreduplicated cells from 0% (control) to 3.5% (0.5 microM). S9 did not influence endoreduplication by ICRF-193. Both eugenol and ICRF-193 were also assayed for inhibition of topoisomerase II, and both showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect, with ICRF-193 being a more potent inhibitor. Our results confirm that eugenol is genotoxic and raises the possibility of it having topoisomerase II inhibiting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Maralhas
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidade Nova de Lisboa R. da Junqueira 96, Portugal
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29
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Cantero G, Pastor N, Mateos S, Campanella C, Cortés F. Cisplatin-induced endoreduplication in CHO cells: DNA damage and inhibition of topoisomerase II. Mutat Res 2006; 599:160-6. [PMID: 16574165 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2006.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2005] [Revised: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
It has been proposed that polyploid cells that arise during a variety of pathological conditions and as a result of exposure to genotoxicants, typically in the liver, become aneuploid through genetic instability. Aneuploidy contributes to, or even drives, tumour development. We have assessed the capacity of the drug cisplatin, one of the most commonly used compounds for the treatment of malignancies, to induce endoreduplication, a particular type of polyploidy, in cultured Chinese hamster AA8 cells. Taking into account that any interference with DNA topoisomerase II (topo II) function leads to endoreduplication, we have found that treatment of the cells with this platinum compound results in a dose-dependent inhibition of the catalytic activity of the enzyme. These observations are discussed on the basis of a possible dual action of cisplatin leading to a combined negative effect on normal segregation of chromosomes. On the one hand, through the drug capacity to efficiently inhibiting the catalytic activity of topo II itself and, on the other hand, as a consequence of changes in DNA such as base modifications and cross-links that result from cisplatin treatment, likely leading to a lack of recognition/binding of DNA by the enzyme. These observations support a model in which the involvement of topo II in different pathways leading to induced endoreduplication has been proposed, and seem to bear significance as to the possible origin of the development of secondary tumours as a result of cisplatin treatment of primary malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Cantero
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology of Seville, E-41012 Seville, Spain
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30
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Takeichi N, Hoshi M, Iida S, Tanaka K, Harada Y, Zhumadilov Z, Chaizhunusova N, Apsalikov KN, Noso Y, Inaba T, Tanaka K, Endo S. Nuclear abnormalities in aspirated thyroid cells and chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes of residents near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2006; 47 Suppl A:A171-7. [PMID: 16571934 DOI: 10.1269/jrr.47.a171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Chromosomal studies in peripheral lymphocytes from 63 residents near the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, at ages of 52-63 years old, were performed in 2001-2002. A higher rate of chromosome aberrations was observed in the two contaminated villages, Dolon and Sarjal, compared with the control village, Kokpekti. Moreover, a relationship of frequency of cells with radiation induced chromosome aberrations and the previously estimated exposure dose was observed. Furthermore, apparent nuclear abnormalities (ANA) of thyroid follicular cells were studied in 30 out of 63 residents, who were examined for chromosome aberrations. A higher rate of ANA was also found in the residents in the exposed villages compared with those in the control village. These results suggest radiation effects both on the chromosomes in peripheral lymphocytes and on the follicular cells in the thyroid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Takeichi
- Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Japan
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31
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Ogawa I, Furukawa S, Abe M, Tanaka Y, Usuda K. Comparison of Chromosome Aberrations in CHL/IU and CHO-WBL Cells Treated with Mitochondorial Inhibitor, Antimycin A. Genes Environ 2006. [DOI: 10.3123/jemsge.28.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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32
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Hajji N, Mateos S, Pastor N, Domínguez I, Cortés F. Induction of genotoxic and cytotoxic damage by aclarubicin, a dual topoisomerase inhibitor. Mutat Res 2005; 583:26-35. [PMID: 15866463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2004] [Revised: 09/11/2004] [Accepted: 01/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The anthracycline aclarubicin (ACLA) is an intercalative antibiotic and antineoplastic agent that efficiently binds to DNA, leading to a secondary inhibition of the catalytic activity of topoisomerase II (topo II) on DNA. Besides this activity, ACLA has been reported to exert a concomitant poisoning effect on topo I, in a fashion similar to that of the antitumor drug camptothecin and its derivatives. As a consequence of this dual (topo II catalytic inhibiting/topo I poisoning) activity of ACLA, the picture is somewhat confusing with regards to DNA damage and cytotoxicity. We studied the capacity of ACLA to induce catalytic inhibition of topo II as well as cytotoxic effects and DNA damage in cultured Chinese hamster V79 cells and their radiosensitive counterparts irs-2. The ultimate purpose was to find out whether differences could be observed between the two cell lines in their response to ACLA, as has been widely reported for radiosensitive cells treated with topo poisons. Our results seem to agree with the view that the radiosensitive irs-2 cells appear as hypersensitive ACLA as compared with radiation repair-proficient V79 cells. The recovery after ACLA treatment was also followed-up, and the irs-2 mutant was found to be less proficient than V79 to repair DNA strand breaks induced by ACLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hajji
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Avda. Reina Mercedes No. 6, 41012 Seville, Spain
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Pastor N, Cantero G, Campanella C, Cortés F. Endoreduplication induced in cultured Chinese hamster cells by different anti-topoisomerase II chemicals. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2005; 582:11-9. [PMID: 15781205 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2004.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2004] [Revised: 11/11/2004] [Accepted: 12/03/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
With the ultimate purpose of testing the hypothesis that, as shown in yeast mutants, any malfunction of DNA topoisomerase II might result in aberrant mitosis due to defective chromosome segregation, we have chosen three chemicals of different nature, recently reported to catalytically inhibit the enzyme. The endpoint selected to assess any negative effect on the ability of topoisomerase II to properly carry out decatenation of fully replicated chromosomes in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle was the presence of metaphases showing diplochromosomes as a result of endoreduplication, i.e. two successive rounds of DNA replication without intervening mitosis. The anti-topoisomerase drugs selected were the anthracycline antibiotic and antineoplastic agent aclarubicin, the respiratory venom sodium azide, and 9-aminoacridine, a chemical compound with planar topology capable of intercalation between DNA bases. Our results show that the three chemicals tested are able to induce endoreduplication to different degrees. These observations seem to lend support to the proposal that topoisomerase II plays a central role in chromosome segregation in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Pastor
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Seville, Avenida Reina Mercedes 6, E-41012 Seville, Spain
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Kondorosi E, Kondorosi A. Endoreduplication and activation of the anaphase-promoting complex during symbiotic cell development. FEBS Lett 2004; 567:152-7. [PMID: 15165909 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2004] [Accepted: 04/19/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Postembryonic development of plant organs requires a constant interplay between the cell cycle and the developmental programs. Upon endo- and exogenous signals, plant cells can enter, exit or modify the cell cycle. Alteration of mitotic cycles to endoreduplication cycles, where the genome is duplicated without mitosis, is common in plants and may play a role in cell differentiation. The switch from the mitotic to endocycles is regulated by Ccs52A, a plant orthologue of the yeast and animal Cdhl proteins, acting as substrate-specific activator of the anaphase-promoting complex E3 ubiquitin ligase. Here, several aspects of endoreduplication are discussed with special attention on nitrogen-fixing nodule development where endoreduplication is an integral part of symbiotic cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kondorosi
- Institut des Sciences du Végétal, CNRS UPR 2355, Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif-sur- Yvette, France
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