1
|
Heng E, Thanedar S, Heng HH. The Importance of Monitoring Non-clonal Chromosome Aberrations (NCCAs) in Cancer Research. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2825:79-111. [PMID: 38913304 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3946-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Cytogenetic analysis has traditionally focused on the clonal chromosome aberrations, or CCAs, and considered the large number of diverse non-clonal chromosome aberrations, or NCCAs, as insignificant noise. Our decade-long karyotype evolutionary studies have unexpectedly demonstrated otherwise. Not only the baseline of NCCAs is associated with fuzzy inheritance, but the frequencies of NCCAs can also be used to reliably measure genome or chromosome instability (CIN). According to the Genome Architecture Theory, CIN is the common driver of cancer evolution that can unify diverse molecular mechanisms, and genome chaos, including chromothripsis, chromoanagenesis, and polypoidal giant nuclear and micronuclear clusters, and various sizes of chromosome fragmentations, including extrachromosomal DNA, represent some extreme forms of NCCAs that play a key role in the macroevolutionary transition. In this chapter, the rationale, definition, brief history, and current status of NCCA research in cancer are discussed in the context of two-phased cancer evolution and karyotype-coded system information. Finally, after briefly describing various types of NCCAs, we call for more research on NCCAs in future cytogenetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Heng
- Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sanjana Thanedar
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Henry H Heng
- Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fenech MF, Bull CF, Van Klinken BJW. Protective Effects of Micronutrient Supplements, Phytochemicals and Phytochemical-Rich Beverages and Foods Against DNA Damage in Humans: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Prospective Studies. Adv Nutr 2023; 14:1337-1358. [PMID: 37573943 PMCID: PMC10721466 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulation of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage diminishes cellular health, increases risk of developmental and degenerative diseases, and accelerates aging. Optimizing nutrient intake can minimize accrual of DNA damage. The objectives of this review are to: 1) assemble and systematically analyze high-level evidence for the effect of supplementation with micronutrients and phytochemicals on baseline levels of DNA damage in humans, and 2) use this knowledge to identify which of these essential micronutrients or nonessential phytochemicals promote DNA integrity in vivo in humans. We conducted systematic literature searches of the PubMed database to identify interventional, prospective, cross-sectional, or in vitro studies that explored the association between nutrients and established biomarkers of DNA damage associated with developmental and degenerative disease risk. Biomarkers included lymphocyte chromosome aberrations, lymphocyte and buccal cell micronuclei, DNA methylation, lymphocyte/leukocyte DNA strand breaks, DNA oxidation, telomere length, telomerase activity, and mitochondrial DNA mutations. Only randomized, controlled interventions and uncontrolled longitudinal intervention studies conducted in humans were selected for evaluation and data extraction. These studies were ranked for the quality of their study design. In all, 96 of the 124 articles identified reported studies that achieved a quality assessment score ≥ 5 (from a maximum score of 7) and were included in the final review. Based on these studies, nutrients associated with protective effects included vitamin A and its precursor β-carotene, vitamins C, E, B1, B12, folate, minerals selenium and zinc, and phytochemicals such as curcumin (with piperine), lycopene, and proanthocyanidins. These findings highlight the importance of nutrients involved in (i) DNA metabolism and repair (folate, vitamin B12, and zinc) and (ii) prevention of oxidative stress and inflammation (vitamins A, C, E, lycopene, curcumin, proanthocyanidins, selenium, and zinc). Supplementation with certain micronutrients and their combinations may reduce DNA damage and promote cellular health by improving the maintenance of genome integrity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Fenech
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Clinical and Health Sciences, Health and Biomedical Innovation, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Caroline F Bull
- Molecular Diagnostics Solutions, CSIRO Health & Biosecurity, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; School of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - B Jan-Willem Van Klinken
- GSK Consumer Healthcare (now named Haleon), Warren, New Jersey, USA; Brightseed, San Francisco, CA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Raudonytė-Svirbutavičienė E, Jokšas K, Stakėnienė R, Rybakovas A, Nalivaikienė R, Višinskienė G, Arbačiauskas K. Pollution patterns and their effects on biota within lotic and lentic freshwater ecosystems: How well contamination and response indicators correspond? ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122294. [PMID: 37544404 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic environments are often severely polluted with chemical substances of anthropogenic origin, which can pose a potential threat to aquatic organisms and human health. In this study, patterns and sources of heavy metals (HMs, 6 metals) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, 16 hydrocarbons), contamination indicators, environmental genotoxicity measures and metrics of ecological status in lotic and lentic ecosystems were collated for the first time. Chemical analysis has confirmed previously reported long-term contamination at certain study sites. The sediments of Lake Talkša, located in a city and characterized by exclusive anthropogenic pressure, exhibited the highest levels of contamination by both HMs and PAHs. Through positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis, vehicle and industrial emissions were identified as the primary sources of HMs and PAHs. Our results revealed that frequencies of genotoxic aberrations were higher in river sites compared to lakes, with the highest genotoxic risk observed in the Nemunas River below industrial cities Alytus and Kaunas. Surprisingly, even the severely contaminated Lake Talkša showed only a "moderate" grade of genotoxic risk, highlighting the potential for adaptation of biota to long-term contamination especially in lentic ecosystems. The ecological quality status assessed by macroinvertebrate metrics, which may be sensitive to observed high biological contamination, appeared to be unrelated to contamination patterns. Consequently, to obtain the robust information on anthropogenic contamination and its effects, a combination of various assessment methods and metrics should be employed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kęstutis Jokšas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Naugarduko St. 24, LT-03225, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Rimutė Stakėnienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | | | - Reda Nalivaikienė
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | | | - Kęstutis Arbačiauskas
- Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania; Vilnius University, Life Sciences Center, 7 Saulėtekio Ave, LT- 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
M’Kacher R, Colicchio B, Junker S, El Maalouf E, Heidingsfelder L, Plesch A, Dieterlen A, Jeandidier E, Carde P, Voisin P. High Resolution and Automatable Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Using In Situ Telomere and Centromere Hybridization for the Accurate Detection of DNA Damage: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065699. [PMID: 36982772 PMCID: PMC10054499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the event of a radiological or nuclear accident, or when physical dosimetry is not available, the scoring of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes constitutes an essential tool for the estimation of the absorbed dose of the exposed individual and for effective triage. Cytogenetic biodosimetry employs different cytogenetic assays including the scoring of dicentrics, micronuclei, and translocations as well as analyses of induced premature chromosome condensation to define the frequency of chromosome aberrations. However, inherent challenges using these techniques include the considerable time span from sampling to result, the sensitivity and specificity of the various techniques, and the requirement of highly skilled personnel. Thus, techniques that obviate these challenges are needed. The introduction of telomere and centromere (TC) staining have successfully met these challenges and, in addition, greatly improved the efficiency of cytogenetic biodosimetry through the development of automated approaches, thus reducing the need for specialized personnel. Here, we review the role of the various cytogenetic dosimeters and their recent improvements in the management of populations exposed to genotoxic agents such as ionizing radiation. Finally, we discuss the emerging potentials to exploit these techniques in a wider spectrum of medical and biological applications, e.g., in cancer biology to identify prognostic biomarkers for the optimal triage and treatment of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhia M’Kacher
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-160878918
| | - Bruno Colicchio
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Steffen Junker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elie El Maalouf
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | | | - Andreas Plesch
- MetaSystems GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Str. 6, D-68804 Altlussheim, Germany
| | - Alain Dieterlen
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Eric Jeandidier
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Patrice Carde
- Department of Hematology, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94804 Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Voisin
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mohammed MR, El-Bahkery AM, Shedid SM. The Influence of Different γ-Irradiation Patterns on Factors that May Affect Cell Cycle Progression in Male Rats. Dose Response 2022; 20:15593258221117898. [PMID: 35982824 PMCID: PMC9379971 DOI: 10.1177/15593258221117898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Most studies of the biological effects of ionizing radiation have been done on a
single acute dose, while clinically and environmentally exposures occur under
chronic/repetitive conditions. It is important to study effects of different
patterns of ionizing radiation. In this study, a rat model was used to compare
the effects of repetitive and acute exposure. Groups: (I) control, (II, III)
were exposed to fractionated doses (1.5 GyX4) and (2 GyX4), respectively/24h
interval, and (IV, V) were exposed to 6 Gy and 8 Gy of whole-body gamma
irradiation, respectively. The gene expression of MAPT and tau phosphorylation
increased in all irradiated groups but the gene expression of PKN not affected.
TGFβ% increased at dose of 2 GyX4 only. In addition, the cell cycle was arrested
in S phase. Micronucleus (MN) increased and cell proliferation decreased. In
conclusion, the dose and pattern of ionizing radiation do not affect the MAPT
and PKN gene expression, but TGF-β, p-tau, MN assay and cell proliferation are
significantly affected. The dose of 2 GyX4 showed distinctive effect. Repetitive
exposure may increase TGF-β%, which causes radio-resistance and, G2/M delay.
Thus, the cell cycle could be regulated in a different manner according to the
dose and pattern of irradiation.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rahayu I, Timotius KH. Phytochemical Analysis, Antimutagenic and Antiviral Activity of Moringa oleifera L. Leaf Infusion: In Vitro and In Silico Studies. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134017. [PMID: 35807260 PMCID: PMC9268431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Moringa oleifera (M. oleifera) leaves are rich in nutrients and antioxidant compounds that can be consumed to prevent and overcome malnutrition. The water infusion of its leaf is the easiest way to prepare the herbal drink. So far, no information is available on the antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antivirus capacities of this infusion. This study aimed to determine the composition of the bioactive compounds in M. oleifera leaf infusion, measuring for antioxidant and antimutagenic activity, and evaluating any ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro). The first two objectives were carried out in vitro. The third objective was carried out in silico. The phytochemical analysis of M. oleifera leaf infusion was carried out using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Antioxidant activity was measured as a factor of the presence of the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The antimutagenicity of M. oleifera leaf powder infusion was measured using the plasmid pBR322 (treated free radical). The interaction between bioactive compounds and Mpro of SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed via molecular docking. The totals of phenolic compound and flavonoid compound from M. oleifera leaf infusion were 1.780 ± 5.00 µg gallic acid equivalent/g (µg GAE/g) and 322.91 ± 0.98 µg quercetin equivalent/g (µg QE/g), respectively. The five main bioactive compounds involved in the infusion were detected by LC-MS. Three of these were flavonoid glucosides, namely quercetin 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-O-neohesperidoside, and kaempferol 3-α-L-dirhamnosyl-(1→4)-β-D-glucopyranoside. The other two compounds were undulatoside A, which belongs to chromone-derived flavonoids, and gentiatibetine, which belongs to alkaloids. The antioxidant activity of M. oleifera leaf infusion was IC50 8.19 ± 0.005 µg/mL, which is stronger than the standard butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) IC50 11.60 ± 0.30 µg/mL. The infusion has an antimutagenic effect and therefore protects against deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. In silico studies showed that the five main bioactive compounds have an antiviral capacity. There were strong energy bonds between Mpro molecules and gentiatibetine, quercetin, undulatoside A, kaempferol 3-o-neohesperidoside, and quercetin 3-O-glucoside. Their binding energy values are −5.1, −7.5, −7.7, −5.7, and −8.2 kcal/mol, respectively. Their antioxidant activity, ability to maintain DNA integrity, and antimutagenic properties were more potent than the positive controls. It can be concluded that leaf infusion of M. oleifera does provide a promising herbal drink with good antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antivirus capacities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ika Rahayu
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana (UKRIDA), Jakarta 11510, Indonesia;
- Research Center for Jamu and Herbal Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana (UKRIDA), Jakarta 11510, Indonesia
| | - Kris Herawan Timotius
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana (UKRIDA), Jakarta 11510, Indonesia;
- Research Center for Jamu and Herbal Medicine, Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana (UKRIDA), Jakarta 11510, Indonesia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Raja IS, Lee JH, Hong SW, Shin DM, Lee JH, Han DW. A critical review on genotoxicity potential of low dimensional nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124915. [PMID: 33422758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low dimensional nanomaterials (LDNMs) have earned attention among researchers as they exhibit a larger surface area to volume and quantum confinement effect compared to high dimensional nanomaterials. LDNMs, including 0-D and 1-D, possess several beneficial biomedical properties such as bioimaging, sensor, cosmetic, drug delivery, and cancer tumors ablation. However, they threaten human beings with the adverse effects of cytotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and genotoxicity when exposed for a prolonged time in industry or laboratory. Among different toxicities, genotoxicity must be taken into consideration with utmost importance as they inherit DNA related disorders causing congenital disabilities and malignancy to human beings. Many researchers have performed NMs' genotoxicity using various cell lines and animal models and reported the effect on various physicochemical and biological factors. In the present work, we have compiled a comparative study on the genotoxicity of the same or different kinds of NMs. Notwithstanding, we have included the classification of genotoxicity, mechanism, assessment, and affecting factors. Further, we have highlighted the importance of studying the genotoxicity of LDNMs and signified the perceptions, future challenges, and possible directives in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Daan Korea Corporation, Seoul 06252, South Korea
| | - Suck Won Hong
- Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
| | - Dong-Myeong Shin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Jong Hun Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Wook Han
- BIO-IT Foundry Technology Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea; Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, College of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lim TB, Foo SYR, Chen CK. The Role of Epigenetics in Congenital Heart Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030390. [PMID: 33803261 PMCID: PMC7998561 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect among newborns worldwide and contributes to significant infant morbidity and mortality. Owing to major advances in medical and surgical management, as well as improved prenatal diagnosis, the outcomes for these children with CHD have improved tremendously so much so that there are now more adults living with CHD than children. Advances in genomic technologies have discovered the genetic causes of a significant fraction of CHD, while at the same time pointing to remarkable complexity in CHD genetics. For this reason, the complex process of cardiogenesis, which is governed by multiple interlinked and dose-dependent pathways, is a well investigated process. In addition to the sequence of the genome, the contribution of epigenetics to cardiogenesis is increasingly recognized. Significant progress has been made dissecting the epigenome of the heart and identified associations with cardiovascular diseases. The role of epigenetic regulation in cardiac development/cardiogenesis, using tissue and animal models, has been well reviewed. Here, we curate the current literature based on studies in humans, which have revealed associated and/or causative epigenetic factors implicated in CHD. We sought to summarize the current knowledge on the functional role of epigenetics in cardiogenesis as well as in distinct CHDs, with an aim to provide scientists and clinicians an overview of the abnormal cardiogenic pathways affected by epigenetic mechanisms, for a better understanding of their impact on the developing fetal heart, particularly for readers interested in CHD research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tingsen Benson Lim
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Sik Yin Roger Foo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672, Singapore
| | - Ching Kit Chen
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics, Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children’s Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
M'kacher R, Colicchio B, Marquet V, Borie C, Najar W, Hempel WM, Heidingsfelder L, Oudrhiri N, Al Jawhari M, Wilhelm-Murer N, Miguet M, Dieterlen A, Deschênes G, Tabet AC, Junker S, Grynberg M, Fenech M, Bennaceur-Griscelli A, Voisin P, Carde P, Jeandidier E, Yardin C. Telomere aberrations, including telomere loss, doublets, and extreme shortening, are increased in patients with infertility. Fertil Steril 2020; 115:164-173. [PMID: 33272625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that telomere shortening and/or loss are risk factors for infertility. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of the telomere status in patients with infertility using conventional cytogenetic data collected prospectively. SETTING Academic centers. PATIENT(S) Cytogenetic slides with cultured peripheral lymphocytes from 50 patients undergoing fertility treatment and 150 healthy donors, including 100 donors matched for age. INTERVENTION(S) Cytogenetic slides were used to detect chromosomal and telomere aberrations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Telomere length and telomere aberrations were analyzed after telomere and centromere staining. RESULT(S) The mean telomere length of patients consulting for infertility was significantly less than that of healthy donors of similar age. Moreover, patients with infertility showed significantly more extreme telomere loss and telomere doublet formation than healthy controls. Telomere shortening and/or telomere aberrations were more pronounced in patients with structural chromosomal aberrations. Dicentric chromosomes were identified in 6/13 patients, with constitutional chromosomal aberrations leading to chromosomal instability that correlated with chromosomal end-to-end fusions. CONCLUSION(S) Our findings demonstrate the feasibility of analyzing telomere aberrations in addition to chromosomal aberrations, using cytogenetic slides. Telomere attrition and/or dysfunction represent the main common cytogenetic characteristic of patients with infertility, leading to potential implications for fertility assessment. Pending further studies, these techniques that correlate the outcome of assisted reproduction and telomere integrity status may represent a novel and useful diagnostic and/or prognostic tool for medical care in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radhia M'kacher
- Cell Environment, DNA Damage Research & Development, Paris, France.
| | - Bruno Colicchio
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Valentine Marquet
- Service de Cytogénétique, Génétique Médicale, et Biologie de la Reproduction Hôpital de la Mère et de l'Enfant, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France
| | - Claire Borie
- Assitance Pubique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP)-Service d'hématologie-Oncohématologie Moléculaire et Cytogénétique Hôpital Paul Brousse Université Paris Saclay/INSERM 935, Villejuif, France
| | - Wala Najar
- Cell Environment, DNA Damage Research & Development, Paris, France; Faculté de médecine Paris Centre, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - William M Hempel
- Cell Environment, DNA Damage Research & Development, Paris, France
| | | | - Noufissa Oudrhiri
- Assitance Pubique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP)-Service d'hématologie-Oncohématologie Moléculaire et Cytogénétique Hôpital Paul Brousse Université Paris Saclay/INSERM 935, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Nadège Wilhelm-Murer
- Service de génétique Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse et Sud Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Marguerite Miguet
- Service de génétique Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse et Sud Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Alain Dieterlen
- Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | | | | | - Steffen Junker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Michael Grynberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Fertility Preservation, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France
| | - Michael Fenech
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, South Australia, Australia
| | - Annelise Bennaceur-Griscelli
- Assitance Pubique-Hopitaux de Paris (APHP)-Service d'hématologie-Oncohématologie Moléculaire et Cytogénétique Hôpital Paul Brousse Université Paris Saclay/INSERM 935, Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Voisin
- Cell Environment, DNA Damage Research & Development, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Carde
- Department of Hematology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Eric Jeandidier
- Service de génétique Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse et Sud Alsace, Mulhouse, France
| | - Catherine Yardin
- Service de Cytogénétique, Génétique Médicale, et Biologie de la Reproduction Hôpital de la Mère et de l'Enfant, Centre hospitalo-universitaire Dupuytren, Limoges, France; CNRS, XLIM, UMR 7252, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Knudsen LE, Kirsch-Volders M. Micronuclei, reproduction and child health. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 787:108345. [PMID: 34083036 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The current review looks for relationships between results from biomarker studies with micronucleus and health effects related to reproduction and children. In adults, an age related increase in MN is well known as well as associations with environmental exposures especially air pollution from traffic and smoking. Literature searches in PubMED and SCOPUS were performed with the following keywords reproduction, children, micronuclei, health effects. In total 162 studies were identified with the keyword children. Concerning children and health and children and environmental exposures, the titles and abstracts of a total of 162 publications were screened for language, inclusion of data from children and selected according to a study selection chart. 9 studies were included for children and health, and 21 studies for children and environmental exposures, with 12 in buccal cells and 9 in lymphocytes. The publications were read and included in tables if data on controls was available. MN frequencies were collected for peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), reticulocytes or buccal cells (BC) and reported as Mean ± SD or Median (IQR). The Mean frequency Ratio, MRi, corresponding to the MN mean for study persons divided by MN mean for control persons was stated as reported in the publication or calculated by us from the data in the publication, where possible. Our systematic analysis revealed a number of positive associations of MN frequencies as a marker of increased health risk in relation to reproduction as well as child health. The majority of studies reported with children concerns exposures of children as well as maternal exposures and newborn health with MN as a biomarker of exposure. Exposure monitoring by MN as biomarker is also reported in studies of school children however most often not related to health effects. The MRis are found in ranges from 1 to 5.5 most studies around 2. As far as MN frequencies in children and exposure are concerned, the MRis range from 0.9 to 5.5, with a range from 1.3-4.9 for lymphocytes and from 1.5 to 2.5 in buccal cells, except for two studies with no differences found between cases and controls. Only one study is available for MRi calculation in reticulocytes with the value of 2.3. These data are supporting MN as a relevant biomarker for children health. However, the data is mostly from small studies with different protocol leaving out the possibility of metanalyses and even statistical comparisons among studies. The actual risk from elevated MNs in children waits large cohort studies with pooled datasets as performed with MN measured in adults. Introduction of buccal cells as non invasive alternative to lymphocytes is increasing and as with the lymphocytes standardised protocols are recommended to enable comparative studies and metaanalyses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Micheline Kirsch-Volders
- Laboratory for Cell Genetics, Department Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Bio-engineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pedrosa ML, Furtado MH, Ferreira MCF, Carneiro MM. Sperm selection in IVF: the long and winding road from bench to bedside. JBRA Assist Reprod 2020; 24:332-339. [PMID: 32155013 PMCID: PMC7365522 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20190081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa wage battle to conquer fertilization but the traits needed to succeed remain elusive. The natural advantageous qualities that enable only a few selected sperm cells to reach the site of fertilization remain unknown. Although in vitro fertilization (IVF) facilitates the job of spermatozoa, a universally acceptable means of sperm selection is yet to be developed. No objective or reliable sperm quality indicators have been established and sperm selection is, to a great extent, based on subjective qualitative evaluation. The best method for sperm selection in IVF presents several challenges: intrinsic sperm qualities cannot be evaluated and the ideal endpoint for these studies is debatable. An ideal method for sperm selection in ART should be noninvasive and cost-effective, and allow the identification of high-quality spermatozoa and yield better outcomes in terms of pregnancy and live birth rates. This narrative review included 85 papers and focused on the new available methods and technologies that might shed some light on sperm selection in IVF. It discusses the available data on microfluidic devices, omics profiling, micronuclei studies, sperm plasma membrane markers, and other techniques, such as Magnetic Activated Cell Sorting (MACS), Raman micro-spectroscopy, and artificial intelligence systems. The new techniques herein reviewed offer fresh approaches to an old problem, for which a definite solution has yet to cross the bridge from bench to IVF clinics around the world, since clinical usefulness and application remain unproven.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisa Lucia Pedrosa
- Centro de Reprodução Humana Hospital MATER DEI, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Márcia Cristina França Ferreira
- Centro de Reprodução Humana Hospital MATER DEI, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Márcia Mendonça Carneiro
- Centro de Reprodução Humana Hospital MATER DEI, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.,Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia e Obstetrícia da Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rybakovas A, Arbačiauskas K, Markovskienė V, Jokšas K. Contamination and genotoxicity biomarker responses in bivalve mussels from the major Lithuanian rivers. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2020; 61:338-354. [PMID: 31569264 DOI: 10.1002/em.22336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
European inland waters are under continuous threat of anthropogenic pollution. Determination of background level of biomarker response and subsequent classification of the impact increases the applicability of results. In the current study, we evaluate the range of chemical contamination by measuring the concentrations of metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls, and the levels of environmental genotoxicity by using the micronuclei and nuclear bud tests in bivalve mussels of the major Lithuanian rivers. Second, we aimed to evaluate the association between chemical contamination and genotoxicity biomarker responses. Finally, we set to determine the background level of genotoxic effects. Such value (summed frequency of MN and NB) was assessed-6‰. On that basis, we develop a scale of potential genotoxic impact and perform ranging sites into five categories. The results clearly indicate the existence of significant differences in the levels of chemical pollution and genotoxicity in different sites. Increased levels of studied parameters were assessed at the areas affected by municipal and industrial effluents, road runoff, combustion products, and in the area contaminated by accidental spillage. On the other hand, downstream decrease of contamination level, presumably associated with biological degradation and photochemical oxidation, were also observed. Genotoxicity parameters were associated with PAH and metal concentrations measured in mussel tissues as well as in sediments. Results also indicate that in situ genotoxicity assessment performed in the areas affected by long-term contamination of municipal origin might be not sufficiently precise. Study highlights the necessity to combine genotoxicity assessment with chemical analysis. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 61:338-354, 2020. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kęstutis Arbačiauskas
- Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaida Markovskienė
- Life Sciences Center of Vilnius University, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pieńkowska-Schelling A, Kaul A, Schelling C. X chromosome aneuploidy and micronuclei in fertile mares. Theriogenology 2020; 147:34-38. [PMID: 32086049 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Abnormalities of chromosomes are an important and well documented cause of disorders of sexual development, fertility problems and congenital anomalies in mammals. Detection of low-level 63,X/64,XX mosaicism during routine cytogenetic evaluation is a challenge because its clinical significance is not yet fully clear. This study describes the prevalence and levels of 63,X mosaicism for a cohort of fertile mares and compares the results with eight problem mares for which no clinical cause of sub-fertility was found. The study design allowed for the analysis of micronuclei which are biomarkers of genomic instability and can disturb cell divisions, drive cancer development or cause congenital diseases. Although 27% of the fertile mares were identified to be 63,X mosaics, the results showed that the rates of abnormal cells were very low (1-3%). Levels of abnormal cells in problem mares with 63,X mosaicism were similar or higher. The average rate of micronuclei in the blood of the fertile mares was ∼1%, well below the baseline (5%) which was proposed for peripheral blood of normal healthy humans. We found weak to modest, but not significant, correlations between the age of fertile mares and 63,X cells (Kendall's tau b = 0.2905; p > 0.05) as well as the rate of micronuclei (Kendall's tau b = 0.1896; p > 0.05). Likewise, the correlation between presence of a 63,X cell line and micronuclei rate was not significant (Kendall's tau b = 0.3201; p > 0.05). The presence of 63,X cells in rates greater than 3% may indeed indicate a higher risk for sub-fertility and eventually for associated health problems in such mares. Detection and elimination of mares with high level of X aneuploidies from breeding may have a positive effect on the fertility within the general horse population. This data may support the evaluation of problem mares with mosaic karyotypes involving the X chromosome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Pieńkowska-Schelling
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse-Faculty Bern, University of Bern, Bremgartenstrasse 109a, 3000, Bern, Switzerland; Clinic of Reproductive Medicine and Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Eschikon 27, 8315, Lindau, Switzerland.
| | - A Kaul
- Veterinary Practice Letschin, Küstriner Strasse 2a, 15324, Letschin, Germany.
| | - C Schelling
- Clinic of Reproductive Medicine and Center for Clinical Studies, Vetsuisse-Faculty Zurich, University of Zurich, Eschikon 27, 8315, Lindau, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Micronuclei and disease - Report of HUMN project workshop at Rennes 2019 EEMGS conference. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 850-851:503133. [PMID: 32247551 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The "Micronuclei and Disease" workshop was organized by the HUMN Project consortium and hosted by the European Environmental Mutagen and Genomics Society at their annual meeting in Rennes, France, on 23 May 2019. The program of the workshop focused on addressing the emerging evidence linking micronucleus (MN) frequency to human disease. The first objective was to review what has been published and evaluate the level and quality of evidence for the connection between MN frequency and various diseases through all life stages. The second objective was to identify the knowledge gaps and what else needs to be done to determine the clinical utility of MN assays as predictors of disease risk and of prognosis when disease is active. Speakers at the workshop discussed the association of MN frequency with inflammation, infertility, pregnancy complications, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, cervical and bladder cancer, oral head and neck cancer, lung cancer, accelerated ageing syndromes, neurodegenerative diseases, and a road-map on how to utilise this knowledge was proposed. The outcomes of the workshop indicated that there are significant opportunities for translating the application of MN assays into clinical practice to improve disease prevention and risk management and to inform public health policy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Priya B, Spadigam A, Dhupar A, Syed S. Frequency of micronuclei in tobacco habitués and Non-Habitués with oral lichen planus. CHRISMED JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/cjhr.cjhr_109_1910.4103/cjhr.cjhr_109_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
16
|
Dugalic S, Petronijevic M, Stefanovic A, Stefanovic K, Perovic M, Pantic I, Vrzic Petronijevic S, Stanisavljevic D, Zaric M. Perinatal complications related to inherited thrombophilia: review of evidence in different regions of the world. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:2567-2576. [PMID: 31547728 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1669017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The term thrombophilia describes disorders associated with an increased predisposition of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). It may be acquired, like in those with antiphospholipid syndrome or inherited. The aim of this review was to compare the complications and outcomes of pregnancies in women with inherited thrombophilia between different populations, including the population of our country where the results of the research are scarce. The review of literature included all papers indexed on PubMed and Medline in the last 20 years, with different study design, including other reviews of literature, systematic reviews with meta-analysis and several case-control studies and population-based cohort studies. We aimed to cover as many geographic regions as possible with the aim to show the differences in the different parts of the world and including our country. Our analysis showed that types of thrombophilia differ in different geographic regions. Also, the differences exist between one particular type of thrombophilia in different regions. Nevertheless, no matter what the differences are between prevalence, all authors investigated the association between inherited thrombophilia and poor pregnancy outcome and managed to find some kind of association. The case with our own country is similar. Although we lack in studies with this issue and the design of published studies is not powerful enough, we may conclude that in our samples, women with thrombophilia are in potential risk of several poor pregnancy outcomes. Further and better analyses are necessary to prove this hypothesis not only on the level of study sample but also on general population. Given the fact that thrombophilia certainly affects the pregnancy and its outcome, the urge to perform screening tests in every woman suspected to have this kind of disorder and with respect to differences that exist in different world regions is inevitable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Dugalic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Petronijevic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Stefanovic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Stefanovic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Perovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics "Narodni front", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Igor Pantic
- Laboratory for Cellular Physiology, Institute of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Svetlana Vrzic Petronijevic
- Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejana Stanisavljevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.,Department for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Zaric
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Islam SMM, Rahman MA, Nahar S, Uddin MH, Haque MM, Shahjahan M. Acute toxicity of an organophosphate insecticide sumithion to striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:957-962. [PMID: 31673497 PMCID: PMC6816137 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The the median lethal concentration (96 h LC50) value of sumithion for striped catfish was 5.886 mg/l. The values of RBCs and Hb decreased significantly in different concentrations of sumithion. The values of WBC and blood glucose levels increased significantly in different concentrations of sumithion. Frequencies of formation of micronucleus (MN) were elevated by sumithion.
Sumithion is widely used for crop safety and eradication of tiger bugs (Cicindela spp.) from larval rearing aquaculture ponds. To satisfy the high demand of fries and fingerlings of widely cultured species striped catfish, spawns are produced in large scale in the hatcheries through hormone induced breeding, and subsequently these spawns are reared in nursery ponds and marketed to fingerlings vendors for stocking in grow-out ponds. Considering the importance of healthy fries and fingerlings the present experiment was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of sumithion on striped catfish fingerlings. Fish were exposed for 96 h to six concentrations of sumithion (0, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 mg/l) each with three replications. The 96 h LC50 value was calculated using probit analysis. After 96 h of exposure fishes were sacrificed to measure hemato-biochemical (Hemoglobin, Hb; Red blood cell, RBC; White blood cell, WBC and blood glucose) parameters. In addition, formation of micronucleus (MN) was examined in the blood erythrocytes. The 96 h LC50 value of sumithion for striped catfish was 5.886 mg/l. The values of RBCs and Hb decreased significantly in different concentrations of the toxicant compared to control, while the values of WBC and blood glucose levels showed opposite scenario. Consequently, the frequencies of formation of MN increased significantly in different concentrations of the toxicant compared to the control. The results of the current study denoted that sumithion exerts toxicity to striped catfish. It is expected that the findings of the present research will help in the development of awareness of the concerned people about the toxic effect of sumithion as well as other insecticides and pesticides in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S M Majharul Islam
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atiqur Rahman
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sadiqun Nahar
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Helal Uddin
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahfuzul Haque
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahjahan
- Laboratory of Fish Ecophysiology, Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bonassi S, Fenech M. Micronuclei and Their Association with Infertility, Pregnancy Complications, Developmental Defects, Anaemias, Inflammation, Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, Obesity, Cardiovascular Disease, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Cancer. THE MICRONUCLEUS ASSAY IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788013604-00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) are a strong cytogenetic indicator of a catastrophic change in the genetic structure and stability of a cell because they originate from either chromosome breaks or whole chromosomes that have been lost from the main nucleus during cell division. The resulting genetic abnormalities can to lead to cellular malfunction, altered gene expression and impaired regenerative capacity. Furthermore, MN are increased as a consequence of genetic defects in DNA repair, deficiency in micronutrients required for DNA replication and repair and exposure to genotoxic chemicals and ultraviolet or ionising radiation. For all of these reasons, the measurement of MN has become one of the best-established methods to measure DNA damage in humans at the cytogenetic level. This chapter is a narrative review of the current evidence for the association of increased MN frequency with developmental and degenerative diseases. In addition, important knowledge gaps are identified, and recommendations for future studies required to consolidate the evidence are provided. The great majority of published studies show a significant association of increased MN in lymphocytes and/or buccal cells with infertility, pregnancy complications, developmental defects, anaemias, inflammation, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. However, the strongest evidence is from prospective studies showing that MN frequency in lymphocytes predicts cancer risk and cardiovascular disease mortality.
Collapse
|
19
|
Laanani I, Boutelis S, Bennoune O, Belaaloui G. Buccal micronucleus cytome biomarkers in Algerian couples with idiopathic infertility. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2018; 835:32-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
Ortiz C, Rondeau NU, Moore LE, Mulla ZD. Parental Age and the Risk of Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia. South Med J 2018; 111:544-548. [DOI: 10.14423/smj.0000000000000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
21
|
Gunes S, Metin Mahmutoglu A, Arslan MA, Henkel R. Smoking-induced genetic and epigenetic alterations in infertile men. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13124. [DOI: 10.1111/and.13124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sezgin Gunes
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
- Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Asli Metin Mahmutoglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Mehmet Alper Arslan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
- Department of Multidisciplinary Molecular Medicine, Health Sciences Institute; Ondokuz Mayis University; Samsun Turkey
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Medical Bioscience; University of the Western Cape; Bellville South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kenny LC, Kell DB. Immunological Tolerance, Pregnancy, and Preeclampsia: The Roles of Semen Microbes and the Father. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 4:239. [PMID: 29354635 PMCID: PMC5758600 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2017.00239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although it is widely considered, in many cases, to involve two separable stages (poor placentation followed by oxidative stress/inflammation), the precise originating causes of preeclampsia (PE) remain elusive. We have previously brought together some of the considerable evidence that a (dormant) microbial component is commonly a significant part of its etiology. However, apart from recognizing, consistent with this view, that the many inflammatory markers of PE are also increased in infection, we had little to say about immunity, whether innate or adaptive. In addition, we focused on the gut, oral and female urinary tract microbiomes as the main sources of the infection. We here marshall further evidence for an infectious component in PE, focusing on the immunological tolerance characteristic of pregnancy, and the well-established fact that increased exposure to the father's semen assists this immunological tolerance. As well as these benefits, however, semen is not sterile, microbial tolerance mechanisms may exist, and we also review the evidence that semen may be responsible for inoculating the developing conceptus (and maybe the placenta) with microbes, not all of which are benign. It is suggested that when they are not, this may be a significant cause of PE. A variety of epidemiological and other evidence is entirely consistent with this, not least correlations between semen infection, infertility and PE. Our view also leads to a series of other, testable predictions. Overall, we argue for a significant paternal role in the development of PE through microbial infection of the mother via insemination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise C. Kenny
- The Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT), University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas B. Kell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gm Š, N J, B R, A D, M V. Association Between Inherited Thrombophilia in Pregnancy and Micronucleus Frequency in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes. Balkan J Med Genet 2017; 20:11-18. [PMID: 29876228 PMCID: PMC5972498 DOI: 10.1515/bjmg-2017-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine possible predictors of an increased frequency of micronucleus (MN) and the impact of thrombophilia on the chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) of pregnant women in their first trimester. This study was designed as a case-control study on 74 pregnant women. It was performed in the gestational age of 11 to 14 weeks, when blood samples were collected and incubated for 72 hours. The individual MN frequency in PBL was measured by cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Women were grouped in control group [≤4 MN/1000 binucleated (BN) cells] and case group (>4 MN/1000 BN cells). Potential mutagenic effects of exogenous/endogenous factors in pregnant women were analyzed. By analyzing the given results, it can be concluded that pregnant women with thrombophilia have 26.69-times more chance of having a frequency of >4 MN/1000 BN than pregnant women with no thrombophilia. Our research was primarily aimed at showing that the presence of thrombophilia was a statistically important predictor of an increased MN frequency in pregnant women and it can predict about one-third of the total variance in MN frequency in the studied population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Šošić Gm
- Department of Cytogenetic Diagnosis, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Clinical Center "Kragujevac," Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jović N
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Pathology of Pregnancy, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Clinical Center "Kragujevac," Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Rakić B
- Department of Medical Survey, Institute of Occupational Health "Dr Dragomir Karajović," Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dimitrijević A
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Fertility Control, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Clinical Center "Kragujevac," Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Varjačić M
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Pathology of Pregnancy, Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic, Clinical Center "Kragujevac," Kragujevac, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Asim A, Agarwal S, Panigrahi I, Saiyed N, Bakshi S. MTHFR promoter hypermethylation may lead to congenital heart defects in Down syndrome. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2017; 6:295-298. [PMID: 29259859 PMCID: PMC5735284 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2017.01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered global methylation levels revealed LINE-1 methylation in young mothers of Down syndrome (DS) compared to controls suggesting the possibility of impaired DNA methylation causing abnormal segregation of chromosome 21. Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) is one of the major enzymes of the folate metabolism pathway. MTHFR gene polymorphism has been associated with maternal risk for DS. Studies have revealed that increased MTHFR promoter methylation results in the reduction of MTHFR protein activity further leading to increased risk of various diseases. The aim of this study is to compare the levels of MTHFR promoter methylation in all three study groups. A total of 120 subjects were recruited for the study and was divided into the following three groups: Group I (mothers of DS without Congenital Heart Defects (CHD), n = 40); Group II (mothers of DS with CHD, n = 40); and Group III (age matched control mothers, n = 40). Genomic DNA was isolated from 2 ml peripheral blood and bisulfite treatment was done to convert all unmethylated cytosines into uracil followed by PCR amplification for MTHFR promoter region and Sanger's sequencing. Results showed that there was a two fold increase in methylated promoter region of MTHFR gene in group II compared to other groups. None of the methylation pattern was observed in the control group. MTHFR promoter methylation affects folate metabolism which is known to play a role in chromosomal breakage, abnormal chromosomal segregation and genomic instability and therefore a developmental defect in the form of congenital cardiac anomaly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ambreen Asim
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Sarita Agarwal
- Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
- Address correspondence to: Prof. Sarita Agarwal, Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, India. E-mail:
| | | | - Nazia Saiyed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Sonal Bakshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Heng HHQ, Regan SM, Liu G, Ye CJ. Why it is crucial to analyze non clonal chromosome aberrations or NCCAs? Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:15. [PMID: 26877768 PMCID: PMC4752783 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0223-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Current cytogenetics has largely focused its efforts on the identification of recurrent karyotypic alterations, also known as clonal chromosomal aberrations (CCAs). The rationale of doing so seems simple: recurrent genetic changes are relevant for diseases or specific physiological conditions, while non clonal chromosome aberrations (NCCAs) are insignificant genetic background or noise. However, in reality, the vast majority of chromosomal alterations are NCCAs, and it is challenging to identify commonly shared CCAs in most solid tumors. Furthermore, the karyotype, rather than genes, represents the system inheritance, or blueprint, and each NCCA represents an altered genome system. These realizations underscore the importance of the re-evaluation of NCCAs in cytogenetic analyses. In this concept article, we briefly review the definition of NCCAs, some historical misconceptions about them, and why NCCAs are not insignificant "noise," but rather a highly significant feature of the cellular population for providing genome heterogeneity and complexity, representing one important form of fuzzy inheritance. The frequencies of NCCAs also represent an index to measure both internally- and environmentally-induced genome instability. Additionally, the NCCA/CCA cycle is associated with macro- and micro-cellular evolution. Lastly, elevated NCCAs are observed in many disease/illness conditions. Considering all of these factors, we call for the immediate action of studying and reporting NCCAs. Specifically, effort is needed to characterize and compare different types of NCCAs, to define their baseline in various tissues, to develop methods to access mitotic cells, to re-examine/interpret the NCCAs data, and to develop an NCCA database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henry H. Q. Heng
- />Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- />Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 3226 Scott Hall, 540 E. Canfield, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Sarah M. Regan
- />Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
- />Division of Graduate Medical Sciences, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118 USA
| | - Guo Liu
- />Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201 USA
| | - Christine J. Ye
- />The Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Harlev A, Agarwal A, Gunes SO, Shetty A, du Plessis SS. Smoking and Male Infertility: An Evidence-Based Review. World J Mens Health 2015; 33:143-60. [PMID: 26770934 PMCID: PMC4709430 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.2015.33.3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have reported that the contents of cigarette smoke negatively affect sperm parameters, seminal plasma, and various other fertility factors. Nevertheless, the actual effect of smoking on male fertility is not clear. The effect of smoking on semen parameters is based on the well-established biological finding that smoking increases the presence of reactive oxygen species, thereby resulting in oxidative stress (OS). OS has devastating effects on sperm parameters, such as viability and morphology, and impairs sperm function, hence reducing male fertility. However, not all studies have come to the same conclusions. This review sheds light upon the arguable association between smoking and male fertility and also assesses the impact of non-smoking routes of tobacco consumption on male infertility. It also highlights the evidence that links smoking with male infertility, including newly emerging genetic and epigenetic data, and discusses the clinical implications thereof.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Avi Harlev
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Fertility and In Vitro Fertilization Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sezgin Ozgur Gunes
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Department of Medical Biology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Amit Shetty
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Stefan Simon du Plessis
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.; Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Singh MD, Thomas P, Owens J, Hague W, Fenech M. Potential role of folate in pre-eclampsia. Nutr Rev 2015; 73:694-722. [PMID: 26359215 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuv028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary deficiencies of folate and other B vitamin cofactors involved in one-carbon metabolism, together with genetic polymorphisms in key folate-methionine metabolic pathway enzymes, are associated with increases in circulating plasma homocysteine, reduction in DNA methylation patterns, and genome instability events. All of these biomarkers have also been associated with pre-eclampsia. The aim of this review was to explore the literature and identify potential knowledge gaps in relation to the role of folate at the genomic level in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia. A systematic search strategy was designed to identify citations in electronic databases for the following terms: folic acid supplementation AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND genome stability, folate AND genome stability AND pre-eclampsia, folic acid supplementation AND DNA methylation, and folate AND DNA methylation AND pre-eclampsia. Forty-three articles were selected according to predefined selection criteria. The studies included in the present review were not homogeneous, which made pooled analysis of the data very difficult. The present review highlights associations between folate deficiency and certain biomarkers observed in various tissues of women at risk of pre-eclampsia. Further investigation is required to understand the role of folate in either the etiology or the prevention of pre-eclampsia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Dass Singh
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Philip Thomas
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Julie Owens
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - William Hague
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Fenech
- M.D. Singh, J. Owens, and W. Hague are with the School of Pediatrics and Reproductive Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Robinson Institute, Australian Research Centre for Health of Women and Babies, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. M.D. Singh, P. Thomas and M. Fenech are with the Genome Health and Personalized Nutrition Laboratory Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Food and Nutrition Flagship, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mørck TA, Loock KV, Poulsen MB, Siersma VD, Nielsen JKS, Hertel O, Kirsch-Volders M, Knudsen LE. Micronucleus frequency in Danish schoolchildren and their mothers from the DEMOCOPHES population. Mutagenesis 2015; 31:1-8. [PMID: 26188196 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gev054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronucleus (MN) frequency is a biomarker for early genetic effects which is often used in human biomonitoring studies. Increased frequency of micronuclei has been associated with high levels of traffic exposure. Further high MN frequency was found predictive for cancer development in several studies of adults. In the present study, the MN frequency in blood samples from the Danish participants of the European pilot project DEMOCOPHES was analysed and related to the area of residence, self-reported and calculated exposure to road traffic as well as to mercury in hair and blood concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and dioxin-like activity measured in the same participants. The MN frequency analysis was performed with the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay and included 100 children and 119 mothers. We found a significant correlation between mothers and children in the levels of micronuclei in 1000 binucleated T lymphocytes (‰MNBN) and in the proliferation index. Further the levels of ‰MNBN were significantly higher in mothers compared with their children. No significant associations were found for ‰MNBN for traffic related exposure in neither children nor their mothers. In children, a 2.5 times higher micronuclei in mononuclear T lymphocytes were found in children living within 50 m of a busy road, however, this was not found in mothers or in MNBN and the effect of exposure to road traffic on MN frequency needs further investigation. No significant associations were found between MN frequencies and the other biomarkers measured in the same participants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Vande Loock
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | - Maria Bech Poulsen
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark and
| | - Volkert D Siersma
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1410 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | | | - Ole Hertel
- Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark and
| | - Micheline Kirsch-Volders
- Laboratory of Cell Genetics), Faculty of Science and Bio-Engineering, Free University of Brussels (VUB), Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussel, Belgium
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Dok R, Kalev P, Van Limbergen EJ, Asbagh LA, Vázquez I, Hauben E, Sablina A, Nuyts S. p16INK4a impairs homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair in human papillomavirus-positive head and neck tumors. Cancer Res 2014; 74:1739-51. [PMID: 24473065 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-13-2479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The p16INK4a protein is a principal cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor that decelerates the cell cycle. Abnormally high levels of p16INK4a are commonly observed in human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). We and others found that p16INK4a overexpression is associated with improved therapy response and survival of patients with HNSCC treated with radiotherapy. However, the functional role of p16INK4a in HNSCC remains unexplored. Our results implicate p16INK4a in regulation of homologous recombination-mediated DNA damage response independently from its role in control of the cell cycle. We found that expression of p16INK4a dramatically affects radiation sensitivity of HNSCC cells. p16INK4a overexpression impairs the recruitment of RAD51 to the site of DNA damage in HPV-positive cells by downregulating of cyclin D1 protein expression. Consistent with the in vitro findings, immunostaining of HNSCC patient samples revealed that high levels p16INK4a expression significantly correlated with decreased cyclin D1 expression. In summary, these findings reveal an unexpected function of p16INK4a in homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair response and imply p16INK4a status as an independent marker to predict response of patients with HNSCC to radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rüveyda Dok
- Authors' Affiliations: Department of Oncology, Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy; Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Mechanisms of Cell Transformation; Department of Oncology, Molecular and Digestive Oncology; Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, University of Leuven; VIB Center for the Biology of Disease; Departments of Radiation Oncology; and Pathology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Luzhna L, Kathiria P, Kovalchuk O. Micronuclei in genotoxicity assessment: from genetics to epigenetics and beyond. Front Genet 2013; 4:131. [PMID: 23874352 PMCID: PMC3708156 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2013.00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) are extra-nuclear bodies that contain damaged chromosome fragments and/or whole chromosomes that were not incorporated into the nucleus after cell division. MN can be induced by defects in the cell repair machinery and accumulation of DNA damages and chromosomal aberrations. A variety of genotoxic agents may induce MN formation leading to cell death, genomic instability, or cancer development. In this review, the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms of MN formation after various clastogenic and aneugenic effects on cell division and cell cycle are described. The knowledge accumulated in literature on cytotoxicity of various genotoxins is precisely reflected and individual sensitivity to MN formation due to single gene polymorphisms is discussed. The importance of rapid MN scoring with respect to the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay is also evaluated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidiya Luzhna
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Fenech M. Diet and genome health. Nutr Diet 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
32
|
York TP, Brumelle J, Juusola J, Kendler KS, Eaves LJ, Amstadter AB, Aggen SH, Jones KH, Ferreira-Gonzalez A, Jackson-Cook C. Increased frequency of micronuclei in adults with a history of childhood sexual abuse: a discordant monozygotic twin study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55337. [PMID: 23383158 PMCID: PMC3559336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Accepted: 11/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is a traumatic life event associated with an increased lifetime risk for psychopathology/morbidity. The long-term biological consequences of CSA-elicited stress on chromosomal stability in adults are unknown. The primary aim of this study was to determine if the rate of acquired chromosomal changes, measured using the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay on stimulated peripheral blood lymphocytes, differs in adult female monozygotic twins discordant for CSA. METHODS Monozygotic twin pairs discordant for CSA were identified from a larger population-based sample of female adult twins for whom the experience of CSA was assessed by self-report (51 individuals including a reference sample). Micronuclei (MN) contain chromatin from structurally normal or abnormal chromosomes that are excluded from the daughter nuclei during cell division and serve as a biomarker to assess acquired chromosomal instability. RESULTS Female twins exposed to CSA exhibited a 1.63-fold average increase in their frequency of MN compared to their nonexposed genetically identical cotwins (Paired t-test, t₁₆ = 2.65, P = 0.017). No additional effects of familial factors were detected after controlling for the effect of CSA exposure. A significant interaction between CSA history and age was observed, suggesting that the biological effects of CSA on MN formation may be cumulative. CONCLUSIONS These data support a direct link between CSA exposure and MN formation measured in adults that is not attributable to genetic or environmental factors shared by siblings. Further research is warranted to understand the biological basis for the observed increase in acquired chromosomal findings in people exposed to CSA and to determine if acquired somatic chromosomal abnormalities/somatic clonal mosaicism might mediate the adult pathology associated with CSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P York
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, United States of America.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kvitko K, Bandinelli E, Henriques JAP, Heuser VD, Rohr P, da Silva FR, Schneider NB, Fernandes S, Ancines C, da Silva J. Susceptibility to DNA damage in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides, to tannery chemicals and to coal dust during mining. Genet Mol Biol 2012; 35:1060-8. [PMID: 23413045 PMCID: PMC3571421 DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572012000600022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Our mutagenesis group has been studying with important economic drivers of our state, such as agriculture, the foot-wear and leather industry and open-cast coal mining. Working conditions in these sectors have potentially harmful to humans. The aim of these studies is to determine the health risk of workers by biomonitoring subjects exposed to genotoxic agents. The main results of our studies with vineyard farmers we observed a high rate of MN and DNA damage in individuals exposed to pesticides (p < 0.001). In addition, some effects of genetic polymorphisms in the modulation of MN results were observed in this group. Tobacco farmers were also evaluated at different crop times. The results showed a significant increase in the Damage index and frequency in tobacco farmers compared to the non-exposed group, for all crop times. The results for footwear and tannery workers showed a significant increase in the mean ID for the solvent-based adhesive (p < 0.001) group in comparison to the water-based adhesive group and control (p < 0.05). For open-cast coal mine workers, the EBCyt indicated a significant increase in nuclear bud frequency and cytokinetic defects in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group (p < 0.0001). We were able to associate specific genetic susceptibility with each type of exposure and with the non-use or improper use of personal protection equipment and diet adequacy. These results show how important the continuous education of exposed workers is to minimizing the effect of the occupational exposure and the risk of disease associated with the work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katia Kvitko
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Silva-Grecco RL, Navarro GC, Cruz RM, Balarin MAS. Micronucleated lymphocytes in parents of Down syndrome children. Braz J Med Biol Res 2012; 45:573-7. [PMID: 22527126 PMCID: PMC3854276 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2012007500063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the most common disease due to an autosomal aneuploidy in live born children and also the major known genetic cause of mental retardation. The risk of a DS pregnancy increases substantially with increasing maternal age. However, several women aged less than 35 years at conception have a child with DS. The micronucleus (MN) assay can identify chromosome breakage or chromosome malsegregation and is an ideal biomarker to investigate genomic instability. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of peripheral lymphocytes with MN in the parents of DS individuals. The subjects were 17 couples, 1 father and 9 mothers, and 24 couples who had at least one healthy child formed the control group. For each individual we evaluated the frequency of binucleated micronucleated lymphocytes (BNMN%) as number of binucleated lymphocytes containing one or more MN per 1000 binucleated cells. The mean age of DS parents and controls was 32.6 and 29.8 years, respectively. The frequency of MN in DS parents was significantly higher compared to controls. The higher frequency of MN in DS parents suggests a higher predisposition of DS parents to aneuploidy events in this sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Silva-Grecco
- Laboratório de Citogenética Humana e Molecular, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, MG, Brasil
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|