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Gao L, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Niu W, Tang Y, Gao F, Cai P, Yuan Q, Wang X, Jiang H, Gao X. An artificial metalloenzyme for catalytic cancer-specific DNA cleavage and operando imaging. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabb1421. [PMID: 32832637 PMCID: PMC7439319 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes are promising anticancer candidates to overcome chemoresistance by involving unique mechanisms. To date, it is still a great challenge to obtain synthetic metalloenzymes with persistent catalytic performance for cancer-specific DNA cleavage and operando imaging. Here, an artificial metalloenzyme, copper cluster firmly anchored in bovine serum albumin conjugated with tumor-targeting peptide, is exquisitely constructed. It is capable of persistently transforming hydrogen peroxide in tumor microenvironment to hydroxyl radical and oxygen in a catalytic manner. The stable catalysis recycling stems from the electron transfer between copper cluster and substrate with well-matched energy levels. Notably, their high biocompatibility, tumor-specific recognition, and persistent catalytic performance ensure the substantial anticancer efficacy by triggering DNA damage. Meanwhile, by coupling with enzyme-like reactions, the operando therapy effect is expediently traced by chemiluminescence signal with high sensitivity and sustainability. It provides new insights into synthesizing biocompatible metalloenzymes on demand to visually monitor and efficiently combat specific cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Lina Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Corresponding author. (X. G.); (L. Z.)
| | - Wenchao Niu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yuhua Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Fuping Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengju Cai
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Xiayan Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Huaidong Jiang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Xueyun Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
- Corresponding author. (X. G.); (L. Z.)
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Buckner MMC, Ciusa ML, Piddock LJV. Strategies to combat antimicrobial resistance: anti-plasmid and plasmid curing. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2018; 42:781-804. [PMID: 30085063 PMCID: PMC6199537 DOI: 10.1093/femsre/fuy031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global problem hindering treatment of bacterial infections, rendering many aspects of modern medicine less effective. AMR genes (ARGs) are frequently located on plasmids, which are self-replicating elements of DNA. They are often transmissible between bacteria, and some have spread globally. Novel strategies to combat AMR are needed, and plasmid curing and anti-plasmid approaches could reduce ARG prevalence, and sensitise bacteria to antibiotics. We discuss the use of curing agents as laboratory tools including chemicals (e.g. detergents and intercalating agents), drugs used in medicine including ascorbic acid, psychotropic drugs (e.g. chlorpromazine), antibiotics (e.g. aminocoumarins, quinolones and rifampicin) and plant-derived compounds. Novel strategies are examined; these include conjugation inhibitors (e.g. TraE inhibitors, linoleic, oleic, 2-hexadecynoic and tanzawaic acids), systems designed around plasmid incompatibility, phages and CRISPR/Cas-based approaches. Currently, there is a general lack of in vivo curing options. This review highlights this important shortfall, which if filled could provide a promising mechanism to reduce ARG prevalence in humans and animals. Plasmid curing mechanisms which are not suitable for in vivo use could still prove important for reducing the global burden of AMR, as high levels of ARGs exist in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M C Buckner
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Maria Laura Ciusa
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Laura J V Piddock
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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3
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Zinskie JA, Ghosh A, Trainor BM, Shedlovskiy D, Pestov DG, Shcherbik N. Iron-dependent cleavage of ribosomal RNA during oxidative stress in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:14237-14248. [PMID: 30021840 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress-induced strand breaks in rRNA have been observed in many organisms, but the mechanisms by which they originate are not well-understood. Here we show that a chemical rather than an enzymatic mechanism initiates rRNA cleavages during oxidative stress in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). We used cells lacking the mitochondrial glutaredoxin Grx5 to demonstrate that oxidant-induced cleavage formation in 25S rRNA correlates with intracellular iron levels. Sequestering free iron by chemical or genetic means decreased the extent of rRNA degradation and relieved the hypersensitivity of grx5Δ cells to the oxidants. Importantly, subjecting purified ribosomes to an in vitro iron/ascorbate reaction precisely recapitulated the 25S rRNA cleavage pattern observed in cells, indicating that redox activity of the ribosome-bound iron is responsible for the strand breaks in the rRNA. In summary, our findings provide evidence that oxidative stress-associated rRNA cleavages can occur through rRNA strand scission by redox-active, ribosome-bound iron that potentially promotes Fenton reaction-induced hydroxyl radical production, implicating intracellular iron as a key determinant of the effects of oxidative stress on ribosomes. We propose that iron binding to specific ribosome elements primes rRNA for cleavages that may play a role in redox-sensitive tuning of the ribosome function in stressed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and
| | - Brandon M Trainor
- From the Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience and.,Graduate School for Biomedical Sciences, Rowan University, Stratford, New Jersey 08084
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4
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Zhang Q, Zhang C, Shahzad SA, Yu C. A fluorescence turn on assay for alkaline phosphatase based on the Cu2+ catalyzed Fenton-like reaction. Talanta 2016; 158:342-350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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5
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Evison BJ, Actis ML, Fujii N. A clickable psoralen to directly quantify DNA interstrand crosslinking and repair. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1071-8. [PMID: 26833244 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) represent physical obstacles to advancing replication forks and transcription complexes. A range of ICL-inducing agents have successfully been incorporated into cancer therapeutics. While studies have adopted UVA-activated psoralens as model ICL-inducing agents for investigating ICL repair, direct detection of the lesion has often been tempered by tagging the psoralen scaffold with a relatively large reporter group that may perturb the biological activity of the parent psoralen. Here a minimally-modified psoralen probe was prepared featuring a small alkyne handle suitable for click chemistry. The psoralen probe, designated 8-propargyloxypsoralen (8-POP), can be activated by UVA in vitro to generate ICLs that are susceptible to post-labeling with an azide-tagged fluorescent reporter via a copper-catalyzed reaction. A modified alkaline comet assay demonstrated that UVA-activated 8-POP proficiently generated ICLs in cells. Cellular 8-POP-DNA lesions were amenable to click-mediated ligation to fluorescent reporters in situ, which permitted their detection and quantitation by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Small molecule DNA repair inhibitors to 8-POP-treated cells attenuated the removal of 8-POP-DNA lesions, validating 8-POP as an appropriate probe for investigating cellular ICL repair. The post-labeling strategy applied in this study is inexpensive, rapid and highly modular in nature with the potential for multiple applications in DNA repair studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin J Evison
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Marcelo L Actis
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Naoaki Fujii
- Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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6
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Elbarbary AM, El-Sawy NM, Hegazy ESA. Antioxidative properties of irradiated chitosan/vitamin C complex and their use as food additive for lipid storage. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.42105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Elbarbary
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry department; National Center for Radiation Research and Technology; Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Naeem M. El-Sawy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry department; National Center for Radiation Research and Technology; Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - El-Sayed A. Hegazy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry department; National Center for Radiation Research and Technology; Atomic Energy Authority Nasr City Cairo Egypt
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Silva TFS, Martins LMDRS, Guedes da Silva MFC, Fernandes AR, Silva A, Borralho PM, Santos S, Rodrigues CMP, Pombeiro AJL. Cobalt complexes bearing scorpionate ligands: synthesis, characterization, cytotoxicity and DNA cleavage. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:12888-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt11577h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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8
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Liu M, Zhang Q, Zhao H, Chen S, Yu H, Zhang Y, Quan X. Controllable oxidative DNA cleavage-dependent regulation of graphene/DNA interaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4084-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc00107h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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9
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Xiaolin T, Dafeng T, Zhongyan W, Fengkui M. Synthesis and evaluation of chitosan-vitamin C complexes. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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10
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Tian XL, Tian DF, Wang ZY, Mo FK. Synthesis and Evaluation of Chitosan-Vitamin C complex. Indian J Pharm Sci 2009; 71:371-6. [PMID: 20502541 PMCID: PMC2865807 DOI: 10.4103/0250-474x.57284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic polysaccharide polymer. It dissolves in water only if the pH is lower than 6.5. To extend its range of application, many water-soluble derivatives have therefore been prepared. In this research, chitosan-vitamin C complex was synthesized and characterized with Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and (1)H-NMR. The solubility of chitosan-vitamin C complex in distilled water was greatly improved. The *O(2) (-) scavenging activity of chitosan-vitamin C complex was compared with chitosan and vitamin C by measuring the auto-oxidation rate of pyrogallic acid. Results showed that the scavenging activity on *O(2) (-) by chitosan-vitamin C complex was stronger than that by CS. At low concentrations (< 0.05 mg/ml), the scavenging activity of chitosan-vitamin C complex was stronger than that of vitamin C, but after certain concentrations (>0.1mg/ml), its scavenging activity was lower than that of vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. L. Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - D. F. Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Z. Y. Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - F. K. Mo
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, China
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11
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Bhat SH, Azmi AS, Hanif S, Hadi SM. Ascorbic acid mobilizes endogenous copper in human peripheral lymphocytes leading to oxidative DNA breakage: a putative mechanism for anticancer properties. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2006; 38:2074-81. [PMID: 16861029 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2006.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2006] [Revised: 05/24/2006] [Accepted: 05/27/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Several decades back ascorbic acid was proposed as an effective anticancer agent. However, this idea remained controversial and the mechanism of action unclear. In this paper, we show that ascorbic acid at a concentration reported to be achievable through high doses of oral consumption is capable of cytotoxic action against normal cells. Several antioxidants of both animal as well as plant origin including ascorbic acid also possess prooxidant properties. Copper is an essential component of chromatin and can take part in redox reactions. Previously we have proposed a mechanism for the cytotoxic action of plant antioxidants against cancer cells that involves mobilization of endogenous copper ions and the consequent generation of reactive oxygen species. Using human peripheral lymphocytes and Comet assay we show here that ascorbic acid is able to cause oxidative DNA breakage in normal cells at a concentration of 100-200 microM. Neocuproine, a Cu(I) specific sequestering agent inhibited DNA breakage in a dose dependent manner indicating that Cu(I) is an intermediate in the DNA cleavage reaction. The results are in support of our above hypothesis that involves events that lead to a prooxidant action by antioxidants. The results would support the idea that even a plasma concentration of around 200 microM. would be sufficient to cause pharmacological tumor cell death particularly when copper levels are elevated. This would account for the observation of several decades back by Pauling and co-workers where oral doses of ascorbic acid in gram quantities were found to be effective in treating some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Showket Hussain Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, A.M.U., Aligarh 202002, UP, India
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13
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Oikawa S, Kawanishi S. Distinct mechanisms of site-specific DNA damage induced by endogenous reductants in the presence of iron(III) and copper(II). BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1998; 1399:19-30. [PMID: 9714716 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00092-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The ability of Cu(II) and Fe(III) to promote site-specific DNA damage in the presence of endogenous reductants was investigated by using 32P-5'-end-labeled DNA fragments obtained from the human p53 tumor suppressor gene and the c-Ha-ras-1 protooncogene. Ascorbate induced metal-dependent DNA damage most efficiently (ascorbate > GSH > NADH). Cu(II) induced endogenous reductants-dependent DNA damage more efficiently than Fe(III). Endogenous reductants plus Fe(III) caused DNA cleavage at every nucleotide, without marked site preference. DNA damage by Fe(III) was inhibited by hydroxyl free radical (.OH) scavengers and catalase. These results suggest that endogenous reductants plus Fe(III) generate free or extremely near free .OH via H2O2 formation, and that .OH causes DNA damage. In the presence of 50 microM Cu(II) in bicarbonate buffer, ascorbate caused DNA cleavage frequently at sites of two or more adjacent guanine residues. In contrast, in the presence of 20 microM Cu(II), ascorbate caused DNA cleavage frequently at thymine residues. Catalase and a Cu(I)-specific chelator inhibited DNA damage by Cu(II), whereas .OH scavengers did not. Fe(III)-dependent 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine formation was inhibited by .OH scavengers, whereas no inhibition by .OH scavengers was observed with Cu(II). These results suggest that .OH is the main active species formed with Fe(III), whereas copper-peroxide complexes with a reactivity similar to .OH participate in Cu(II)-dependent DNA damage. The polyguanosine sequence specificity of DNA damage in the presence of high concentrations of Cu(II) can be explained by the preferential binding of Cu(II) to guanine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Oikawa
- Department of Hygiene, Mie University School of Medicine, Japan
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14
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Ha HC, Yager JD, Woster PA, Casero RA. Structural specificity of polyamines and polyamine analogues in the protection of DNA from strand breaks induced by reactive oxygen species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1998; 244:298-303. [PMID: 9514920 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are known to induce strand breaks and/or base modifications in DNA. DNA strand breaks are associated with many pathologies and programmed cell death. We have examined the ability of the polyamines and their analogues to protect phi X-174 plasmid DNA from strand breakage induced by a oxygen-radical generating system. Spermine and several unsymmetrically substituted polyamine analogues reduced the amount of strand breakage at a physiologically relevant concentration of 1 mM. However, putrescine, spermidine, N1-acetylspermine, N1-acetylspermidine and symmetrically alkylated polyamine analogues were not able to reduce strand breakage at the same concentration. Thus, the unsymmetrically alkylated polyamine analogues and natural spermine can protect DNA against strand breakage induced by Cu(II)/H2O2 generated ROS similar to other more classical antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Ha
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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15
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Zareie MH, Erdem G, Oner C, Oner R, Oğüş A, Pişkin E. Investigation of ascorbate-Cu (II) induced cleavage of DNA by scanning tunneling microscopy. Int J Biol Macromol 1996; 19:69-73. [PMID: 8782722 DOI: 10.1016/0141-8130(96)01103-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) was used for the investigation of oxidative DNA damage. A PCR amplified fragment of human beta-globin gene was used as a model for time dependent cleavage reaction by ascorbate and copper. Cleavage reactions were carried out in a medium containing 0.5 microgram/20 microliters DNA, 20 nM Tris-HC1 pH, 7.8 and ascorbate-Cu (II) in the final concentrations of 1 mM and 30 microM, respectively. The mixtures were incubated at 37 degrees C for 5, 15 and 30 min. For STM studies, 3 pg/5 microliters DNA samples were deposited on the gold coated mica and dried in a water flow vacuum drier. The STM was operated in air at atmospheric pressure with a tip-to-substrate bias of 100 mV and tunneling currents of < 10 pA. Etched tips of Pt/Ir wires were used in a constant current mode. The degradated DNA structure can be distinguished from the intact DNA and the sizes of the degradation products can be identified in the STM micrographs. The size of fragments decreased from approximately 3000 A to 34 A in ascorbate-Cu (II) medium, after 30 min of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Zareie
- Chemical Engineering Department, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey
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16
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Becker TW, Krieger G, Witte I. DNA single and double strand breaks induced by aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes in combination with copper (II). Free Radic Res 1996; 24:325-32. [PMID: 8733936 DOI: 10.3109/10715769609088030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aliphatic n-butyr-and n-valeraldehyde as well as the aromatic benz- and anisaldehyde induced DNA strand breaks in PM2 DNA in the presence of CuCl2. Neither aldehydes nor CuCl2 alone showed DNA breakage properties. The maximum of single strand breaks (SSBs) induced by the combination of CuCl2 and aldehydes was dependent on the CuCl2-concentration. The aliphatic aldehydes induced SSBs and double strand breaks (DSBs) at lower concentrations than aromatic aldehydes when optimal CuCl2 concentration were used. Catalase and neocuproine nearly completely inhibited strand break formation induced by aromatic aldehydes/CuCl2. The prevention of strand breaks induced by aliphatic aldehydes/CuCl2 was less effective. While the inhibition by neocuproine was only 25%, catalase was totally ineffective. In all aldehydes/CuCl2 mixtures the formation of Cu(I) was observed. The results point to different DNA damaging species produced during redox reactions of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes in combination with CuCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Becker
- Carl-von-Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, ICMB/FB7, F.R.G
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17
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Testereci H, Usanmaz A, Önal A. Studies on the strand-breaking activity of the ascorbate/copper(ii) system in poly(adenylic acid). POLYMER 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(95)94346-u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Prütz WA. Interaction between glutathione and Cu(II) in the vicinity of nucleic acids. Biochem J 1994; 302 ( Pt 2):373-82. [PMID: 8092988 PMCID: PMC1137238 DOI: 10.1042/bj3020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
GSH interacts with Cu(II) in the vicinity of DNA (pH approximately 7) to form the DNA-Cu(I) complex, which can be quantified by characteristic absorption changes [e.g. delta epsilon 295 = 4516 cm-1.M-1 Cu(I)]. Under initial conditions of Cu(II)/GSH >> 1 and DNA(base)/Cu(II) >> 5, the stoichiometry is 1 DNA-Cu(I) per SH group (also for other thiols). Stopped-flow kinetics show that the complex is formed with half-lives of 1-30 s, depending on the environment, but independent of O2. DNA-Cu(I) generation is much slower, less efficient, and O2-dependent at Cu(II)/GSH < 1, or when GSH interacts with Cu(II) before the addition of DNA. Interaction of GSH with Cu(II) in the presence of DNA [at Cu(II)/GSH > 1] leads to DNA-associated transients, probably DNA-GS(-)-Cu(I); DNA-Cu(I) formation under these conditions is proposed to occur by ligand exchange: DNA-GS(-)-Cu(I)+Cu(II)<-->DNA-Cu(I)+GS(-)-Cu(II). There is no evidence for generation of free thiyl radicals (GS.) on reaction of Cu(II) with GSH. Formation of DNA-Cu(I) is, in our opinion, a primary step involved in DNA-strand cleavage by GSH in the presence of Cu(II) [Reed and Douglas (1991) Biochem. J. 275, 601-608]. In this context the question of the pro-oxidative and/or antioxidative activity of GSH, when combined with copper, is discussed. GSH also generates Cu(I) complexes with other nucleic acids. An updated order of affinities of various nucleic acids for Cu(I) is presented. Cu(I) exhibits a high preference for alternating dG-dC sequences and might even be a Z-DNA inducer. The poly(C)-Cu(I) complex seems to form a base-paired structure at pH approximately 7, as demonstrated by intercalation of ethidium bromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Prütz
- Institut für Biophysik und Strahlenbiologie, Universität Freiburg, Bundesrepublik Deutschland
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19
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Erdem G, öner C, önal AM, Kisakürek D, ögüs AY. Free radical mediated interaction of ascorbic acid and ascorbate/Cu(II) with viral and plasmid DNAs. J Biosci 1994. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02703463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Millard JT, Hopkins PB. Site-specific metal-induced damage of mitomycin C-crosslinked DNA fragments in the presence of sodium dithionite. Mutat Res 1993; 285:165-74. [PMID: 7678888 DOI: 10.1016/0027-5107(93)90103-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Purified singly mitomycin C-crosslinked DNA duplex fragments were treated with Cu(II) in the presence of sodium dithionite. Cleavage products were analyzed through single-nucleotide resolving denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In addition to the previously described non-specific cleavage, which may be attributed to the production of hydroxyl radical, a novel site-specific cleavage in the immediate vicinity of the MC-crosslink was observed. Possible mechanisms of this reaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Millard
- Department of Chemistry, Colby College, Waterville, ME 04901
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21
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Abstract
The effect of vitamin C on the common cold has been the subject of several studies. These studies do not support a considerable decrease in the incidence of the common cold with supplemental vitamin C. However, vitamin C has consistently decreased the duration of cold episodes and the severity of symptoms. The benefits that have been observed in different studies show a large variation and, therefore, the clinical significance may not be clearly inferred from them. The biochemical explanation for the benefits may be based on the antioxidant property of vitamin C. In an infection, phagocytic leucocytes become activated and they produce oxidizing compounds which are released from the cell. By reacting with these oxidants, vitamin C may decrease the inflammatory effects caused by them. Scurvy, which is caused by a deficiency in vitamin C, is mostly attributed to the decreased synthesis of collagen. However, vitamin C also participates in several other reactions, such as the destruction of oxidizing substances. The common cold studies indicate that the amounts of vitamin C which safely protect from scurvy may still be too low to provide an efficient rate for other reactions, possibly antioxidant in nature, in infected people.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hemilä
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Finland
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22
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Uchida K, Kawakishi S. Site-specific oxidation of angiotensin I by copper(II) and L-ascorbate: conversion of histidine residues to 2-imidazolones. Arch Biochem Biophys 1990; 283:20-6. [PMID: 2241171 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(90)90606-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of a histidine-containing peptide (angiotensin I) with copper (II)/ascorbate under physiological conditions has been studied chemically. In the presence of a catalytic amount of copper(II) ion, ascorbate mediated the oxidative damage to the peptide via selective loss of the histidine residue. Furthermore, the reaction of copper(II)/ascorbate with the peptide gave two products (AGT-1 and AGT-2) selectively. From amino acid analysis of the modified peptides, it was found that either of the two histidine residues within the native peptide was modified. Amino-terminal sequence analysis indicated that AGT-1 and AGT-2 were modified at the His9 and the His6, respectively. In addition, the data of FAB-MS and 1H NMR suggested that the unknown residues (modified histidine) within AGT-1 and AGT-2 should have the 2-imidazolone structure. In order to confirm the 2-imidazolone residue in both modified peptides, they were hydrolyzed and analyzed by reverse-phase HPLC. The result demonstrated that the acid hydrolysis of modified peptides gave a product which was identical to authentic 2-imidazolone residue. Consequently, it was confirmed that the reaction of Cu(II)/ascorbate occurs specifically at the C-2 position of the imidazole ring of the histidine residue within a peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Nagoya University, Japan
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Uchida K, Kawakishi S. Highly site-specific oxygenation of 1-methylhistidine and its analogue with a copper (II)/ascorbate-dependent redox system. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1990; 1034:347-50. [PMID: 2364090 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(90)90063-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of histidine-related materials with copper(II) and ascorbate under physiological conditions has been studied chemically. We discovered that 1-methylimidazole and its analogues, including biological metabolites L-1-methylhistidine and anserine (beta-alanyl-L-1-methylhistidine), exhibited dramatic reactivity with copper(II)/ascorbate. Reaction of copper(II) and ascorbate occurs specifically at the C-2 position of the imidazole ring of L-1-methylhistidine and anserine derivatives with mono-oxygenation to give the 1-methyl-2-imidazolones in good to excellent yields (70-80%). The occurrence of an oxocopper(III) intermediate in the oxidation process of ascorbate is postulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Uchida
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Nagoya University, Japan
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