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Balasubramaniam NK, Penberthy S, Fenyo D, Viessmann N, Russmann C, Borchers CH. Digitalomics - digital transformation leading to omics insights. Expert Rev Proteomics 2024:1-8. [PMID: 39364775 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2024.2413107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/23/2024] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biomarker discovery is increasingly moving from single omics to multiomics, as well as from multi-cell omics to single-cell omics. These transitions have increasingly adopted digital transformation technologies to accelerate the progression from data to insight. Here, we will discuss the concept of 'digitalomics' and how digital transformation directly impacts biomarker discovery. This will ultimately assist clinicians in personalized therapy and precision-medicine treatment decisions. AREAS COVERED Genotype-to-phenotype-based insight generation involves integrating large amounts of complex multiomic data. This data integration and analysis is aided through digital transformation, leading to better clinical outcomes. We also highlight the challenges and opportunities of Digitalomics, and provide examples of the application of Artificial Intelligence, cloud- and high-performance computing, and use of tensors for multiomic analysis workflows. EXPERT OPINION Biomarker discovery, aided by digital transformation, is having a significant impact on cancer, cardiovascular, infectious, immunological, and neurological diseases, among others. Data insights garnered from multiomic analyses, combined with patient meta data, aids patient stratification and targeted treatment across a broad spectrum of diseases. Digital transformation offers time and cost savings while leading to improved patent healthcare. Here, we highlight the impact of digital transformation on multiomics- based biomarker discovery with specific applications related to oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandha Kumar Balasubramaniam
- PromptBio Inc, Pleasanton, CA, USA
- Health Campus Goettingen/University of Applied Sciences and Arts (HAWK), Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - David Fenyo
- New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nina Viessmann
- Health Campus Goettingen/University of Applied Sciences and Arts (HAWK), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christoph Russmann
- Health Campus Goettingen/University of Applied Sciences and Arts (HAWK), Göttingen, Germany
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christoph H Borchers
- Segal Cancer Proteomics Center, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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3
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Angelov D, Boopathi R, Lone IN, Menoni H, Dimitrov S, Cadet J. Capturing Protein-Nucleic Acid Interactions by High-Intensity Laser-Induced Covalent Crosslinking. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 99:296-312. [PMID: 35997098 DOI: 10.1111/php.13699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of DNA with structural proteins such as histones, regulatory proteins, and enzymes play a crucial role in major cellular processes such as transcription, replication and repair. The in vivo mapping and characterization of the binding sites of the involved biomolecules are of primary importance for a better understanding of genomic deployment that is implicated in tissue and developmental stage-specific gene expression regulation. The most powerful and commonly used approach to date is immunoprecipitation of chemically cross-linked chromatin (XChIP) coupled with sequencing analysis (ChIP-seq). While the resolution and the sensitivity of the high-throughput sequencing techniques have been constantly improved little progress has been achieved in the crosslinking step. Because of its low efficiency the use of the conventional UVC lamps remains very limited while the formaldehyde method was established as the "gold standard" crosslinking agent. Efficient biphotonic crosslinking of directly interacting nucleic acid-protein complexes by a single short UV laser pulse has been introduced as an innovative technique for overcoming limitations of conventionally used chemical and photochemical approaches. In this survey, the main available methods including the laser approach are critically reviewed for their ability to generate DNA-protein crosslinks in vitro model systems and cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Angelov
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie et de Modélisation de la Cellule LBMC, CNRS UMR 5239, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France.,Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balçova, Izmir 35330, Turkey
| | - Ramachandran Boopathi
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie et de Modélisation de la Cellule LBMC, CNRS UMR 5239, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69007, Lyon, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Imtiaz Nisar Lone
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Dokuz Eylul University Health Campus, Balçova, Izmir 35330, Turkey
| | - Hervé Menoni
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Site Santé - Allée des Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Stefan Dimitrov
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR 5309, INSERM U1209, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Site Santé - Allée des Alpes, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Jean Cadet
- Département de Médecine nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, J1H 5N4, Québec, Canada
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4
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Sharma D, Licatalosi DD, Jankowsky E. Kinetics of RNA-protein interactions in cells. Trends Biochem Sci 2021; 46:861-862. [PMID: 34446343 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2021.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Donny D Licatalosi
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eckhard Jankowsky
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, Department of Biochemistry, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Sharma D, Zagore LL, Brister MM, Ye X, Crespo-Hernández CE, Licatalosi DD, Jankowsky E. The kinetic landscape of an RNA-binding protein in cells. Nature 2021; 591:152-156. [PMID: 33568810 PMCID: PMC8299502 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03222-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression in higher eukaryotic cells orchestrates interactions between thousands of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and tens of thousands of RNAs1. The kinetics by which RBPs bind to and dissociate from their RNA sites are critical for the coordination of cellular RNA-protein interactions2. However, these kinetic parameters have not been experimentally measured in cells. Here we show that time-resolved RNA-protein cross-linking with a pulsed femtosecond ultraviolet laser, followed by immunoprecipitation and high-throughput sequencing, allows the determination of binding and dissociation kinetics of the RBP DAZL for thousands of individual RNA-binding sites in cells. This kinetic cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (KIN-CLIP) approach reveals that DAZL resides at individual binding sites for time periods of only seconds or shorter, whereas the binding sites remain DAZL-free for markedly longer. The data also indicate that DAZL binds to many RNAs in clusters of multiple proximal sites. The effect of DAZL on mRNA levels and ribosome association correlates with the cumulative probability of DAZL binding in these clusters. Integrating kinetic data with mRNA features quantitatively connects DAZL-RNA binding to DAZL function. Our results show how kinetic parameters for RNA-protein interactions can be measured in cells, and how these data link RBP-RNA binding to the cellular function of RBPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Sharma
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Leah L. Zagore
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Matthew M. Brister
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Xuan Ye
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | | | - Donny D. Licatalosi
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Corresponding authors: Donny D. Licatalosi: ; Eckhard Jankowsky:
| | - Eckhard Jankowsky
- Center for RNA Science and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Department of Physics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106,Corresponding authors: Donny D. Licatalosi: ; Eckhard Jankowsky:
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Benedetti R, Bajardi F, Capozziello S, Carafa V, Conte M, Del Sorbo MR, Nebbioso A, Singh M, Stunnenberg HG, Valadan M, Altucci L, Altucci C. Different Approaches to Unveil Biomolecule Configurations and Their Mutual Interactions. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1716241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - F. Bajardi
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sez. di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - S. Capozziello
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sez. di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
- Gran Sasso Science Institute, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - V. Carafa
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - M. Conte
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - M. R. Del Sorbo
- Istituto Statale d’Istruzione Superiore “Leonardo da Vinci”, Poggiomarino, NA, Italy
| | - A. Nebbioso
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - M. Singh
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
| | - H. G. Stunnenberg
- Department of Molecular Biology, NCMLS, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - M. Valadan
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sez. di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
| | - L. Altucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale, Università degli Studi della Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Napoli, Italy
| | - C. Altucci
- Dipartimento di Fisica “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Sez. di Napoli, Napoli, Italy
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Stützer A, Welp LM, Raabe M, Sachsenberg T, Kappert C, Wulf A, Lau AM, David SS, Chernev A, Kramer K, Politis A, Kohlbacher O, Fischle W, Urlaub H. Analysis of protein-DNA interactions in chromatin by UV induced cross-linking and mass spectrometry. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5250. [PMID: 33067435 PMCID: PMC7567871 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein–DNA interactions are key to the functionality and stability of the genome. Identification and mapping of protein–DNA interaction interfaces and sites is crucial for understanding DNA-dependent processes. Here, we present a workflow that allows mass spectrometric (MS) identification of proteins in direct contact with DNA in reconstituted and native chromatin after cross-linking by ultraviolet (UV) light. Our approach enables the determination of contact interfaces at amino-acid level. With the example of chromatin-associated protein SCML2 we show that our technique allows differentiation of nucleosome-binding interfaces in distinct states. By UV cross-linking of isolated nuclei we determined the cross-linking sites of several factors including chromatin-modifying enzymes, demonstrating that our workflow is not restricted to reconstituted materials. As our approach can distinguish between protein–RNA and DNA interactions in one single experiment, we project that it will be possible to obtain insights into chromatin and its regulation in the future. Cross-linking mass spectrometry (XLMS) allows mapping of protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions, but the analysis of protein-DNA complexes remains challenging. Here, the authors develop a UV light-based XLMS workflow to determine protein-DNA interfaces in reconstituted chromatin and isolated nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Stützer
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Luisa M Welp
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Monika Raabe
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Timo Sachsenberg
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christin Kappert
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,Somatosensory Signaling and Systems Biology Group, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Alexander Wulf
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andy M Lau
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Stefan-Sebastian David
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, 23955, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleksandar Chernev
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Argyris Politis
- Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London, SE1 1DB, UK
| | - Oliver Kohlbacher
- Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Applied Bioinformatics, Department for Computer Science, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Biomolecular Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Fischle
- Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, Laboratory of Chromatin Biochemistry, 23955, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. .,Bioanalytics Group, Institute for Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
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8
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Reim A, Ackermann R, Font-Mateu J, Kammel R, Beato M, Nolte S, Mann M, Russmann C, Wierer M. Atomic-resolution mapping of transcription factor-DNA interactions by femtosecond laser crosslinking and mass spectrometry. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3019. [PMID: 32541649 PMCID: PMC7295792 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate target genes by specific interactions with DNA sequences. Detecting and understanding these interactions at the molecular level is of fundamental importance in biological and clinical contexts. Crosslinking mass spectrometry is a powerful tool to assist the structure prediction of protein complexes but has been limited to the study of protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions. Here, we present a femtosecond laser-induced crosslinking mass spectrometry (fliX-MS) workflow, which allows the mapping of protein-DNA contacts at single nucleotide and up to single amino acid resolution. Applied to recombinant histone octamers, NF1, and TBP in complex with DNA, our method is highly specific for the mapping of DNA binding domains. Identified crosslinks are in close agreement with previous biochemical data on DNA binding and mostly fit known complex structures. Applying fliX-MS to cells identifies several bona fide crosslinks on DNA binding domains, paving the way for future large scale ex vivo experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Reim
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Roland Ackermann
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Jofre Font-Mateu
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robert Kammel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Miguel Beato
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Dr. Aiguader 88, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
- University Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefan Nolte
- Institute of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 07745, Jena, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Optics and Engineering (IOF), Albert-Einstein-Straße 7, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Matthias Mann
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christoph Russmann
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim/Holzminden/Goettingen (HAWK), Von-Ossietzky-Straße 99, 37085, Göttingen, Germany.
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Michael Wierer
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.
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9
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Cadet J, Wagner JR, Angelov D. Biphotonic Ionization of DNA: From Model Studies to Cell. Photochem Photobiol 2018; 95:59-72. [PMID: 30380156 DOI: 10.1111/php.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidation reactions triggered by low-intensity UV photons represent a minor contribution with respect to the overwhelming pyrimidine base dimerization in both isolated and cellular DNA. The situation is totally different when DNA is exposed to high-intensity UVC radiation under conditions where biphotonic ionization of the four main purine and pyrimidine bases becomes predominant at the expense of singlet excitation processes. The present review article provides a critical survey of the main chemical reactions of the base radical cations thus generated by one-electron oxidation of nucleic acids in model systems and cells. These include oxidation of the bases with the predominant formation of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as the result of preferential hole transfer to guanine bases that act as sinks in isolated and cellular DNA. In addition to hydration, other nucleophilic addition reactions involving the guanine radical cation give rise to intra- and interstrand cross-links together with DNA-protein cross-links. Information is provided on the utilization of high-intensity UV laser pulses as molecular biology tools for studying DNA conformational features, nucleic acid-protein interactions and nucleic acid reactivity through DNA-protein cross-links and DNA footprinting experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Cadet
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - J Richard Wagner
- Département de Médecine Nucléaire et Radiobiologie, Faculté de médecine et des sciences de la santé, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Dimitar Angelov
- Laboratoire de Biologie et Modélisation de la Cellule LBMC, CNRS-UMR 5239, Université de Lyon, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
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10
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Time-resolved analysis of DNA-protein interactions in living cells by UV laser pulses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11725. [PMID: 28916762 PMCID: PMC5601431 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Interactions between DNA and proteins are mainly studied through chemical procedures involving bi-functional reagents, mostly formaldehyde. Chromatin immunoprecipitation is used to identify the binding between transcription factors (TFs) and chromatin, and to evaluate the occurrence and impact of histone/DNA modifications. The current bottleneck in probing DNA-protein interactions using these approaches is caused by the fact that chemical crosslinkers do not discriminate direct and indirect bindings or short-lived chromatin occupancy. Here, we describe a novel application of UV laser-induced (L-) crosslinking and demonstrate that a combination of chemical and L-crosslinking is able to distinguish between direct and indirect DNA-protein interactions in a small number of living cells. The spatial and temporal dynamics of TF bindings to chromatin and their role in gene expression regulation may thus be assessed. The combination of chemical and L-crosslinking offers an exciting and unprecedented tool for biomedical applications.
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Khodnapur BS, Inamdar LS, Nindi RS, Math SA, Mulimani BG, Inamdar SR. UV laser radiation alters the embryonic protein profile of adrenal-kidney-gonadal complex and gonadal differentiation in the lizard, Calotes Versicolor. Int J Radiat Biol 2014; 91:194-201. [PMID: 25241959 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2015.966208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the impact of ultraviolet (UV) laser radiation on the embryos of Calotes versicolor in terms of its effects on the protein profile of the adrenal-kidney-gonadal complex (AKG), sex determination and differentiation, embryonic development and hatching synchrony. MATERIALS AND METHODS The eggs of C. versicolor, during thermo-sensitive period (TSP), were exposed to third harmonic laser pulses at 355 nm from a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser for 180 sec. Subsequent to the exposure they were incubated at the male-producing temperature (MPT) of 25.5 ± 0.5°C. The AKG of hatchlings was subjected to protein analysis by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and to histology. RESULTS The UV laser radiation altered the expression of the protein banding pattern in the AKG complex of hatchlings and it also affected the gonadal sex differentiation. SDS-PAGE of AKG of one-day-old hatchlings revealed a total of nine protein bands in the control group whereas UV laser irradiated hatchlings expressed a total of seven protein bands only one of which had the same Rf as a control band. The UV laser treated hatchlings have an ovotestes kind of gonad exhibiting a tendency towards femaleness instead of the typical testes. CONCLUSIONS It is inferred that 355 nm UV laser radiation during TSP induces changes in the expression of proteins as well as their secretions. UV laser radiation had an impact on the gonadal differentiation pathway but no morphological anomalies were noticed.
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12
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Benedetti R, Conte M, Carafa V, Della Ventura B, Altucci C, Velotta R, Stunnenberg HG, Altucci L, Nebbioso A. Analysis of chromatin-nuclear receptor interactions by laser-chromatin immunoprecipitation. Methods Mol Biol 2014; 1204:25-34. [PMID: 25182758 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1346-6_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Better defining the dynamics of biomolecular interactions is an important step in understanding molecular biology and cellular processes. DNA-protein interactions, and specifically hormone-triggered DNA-nuclear receptor interactions, are key events which are still poorly understood. To date, the most commonly used approach in studying chromatin interactions is the immunoprecipitation of chemically cross-linked chromatin (ChIP) coupled with single gene or global genomic analyses. Currently, establishing a stable interplay between nucleic acids and proteins (DNA-protein cross-link) is mainly obtained through conventional, diffusion-triggered, chemical methods using formaldehyde. Here we describe an alternative method, called Laser-ChIP (LChIP), for the specific analysis of interactions between chromatin and nuclear receptors driven by a UV laser energy source. Photo-induced cross-linking in LChIP is achieved very rapidly, allowing the study of transient interactions, depending on laser source parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Benedetti
- Dipartimento di Biochimica, Biofisica e Patologia Generale-II Università di Napoli, Via L. De Crecchio, 7, 80138, Naples, Italy
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13
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Micciarelli M, Altucci C, Della Ventura B, Velotta R, Toşa V, Pérez ABG, Rodríguez MP, de Lera AR, Bende A. Low-lying excited-states of 5-benzyluracil. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:7161-73. [PMID: 23558515 DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50343g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A numerical study is reported concerning the first and second singlet excited-states of 5-benzyluracil using the multireference self-consistent field (state-averaged CASSCF) method. The vertical excitation energies of low-lying excited-states were characterized using the SA-CASSCF method, as well as using higher-level methods, such as CASPT2, MRCI and EOM-CCSD. The local minima and conical intersections found on the potential energy surfaces (PESs) were characterized in terms of molecular geometry and natural population analysis. Different relaxation pathways on the PESs are identified and discussed by comparing with the similar pathways found for the individual monomers of uracil and benzene. The molecule can be thought of as a model system for the study of crosslink reaction between DNA and proteins induced by UV light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Micciarelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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14
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Leo G, Altucci C, Bourgoin-Voillard S, Gravagnuolo AM, Esposito R, Marino G, Costello CE, Velotta R, Birolo L. Ultraviolet laser-induced cross-linking in peptides. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:1660-8. [PMID: 23754800 PMCID: PMC3882510 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The aim of this study was to demonstrate, and to characterize by high-resolution mass spectrometry that it is possible to preferentially induce covalent cross-links in peptides by using high-energy femtosecond ultraviolet (UV) laser pulses. The cross-link is readily formed only when aromatic amino acids are present in the peptide sequence. METHODS Three peptides, xenopsin, angiotensin I, and interleukin, individually or in combination, were exposed to high-energy femtosecond UV laser pulses, either alone or in the presence of spin trapping molecules, the reaction products being characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry. RESULTS High-resolution mass spectrometry and spin trapping strategies showed that cross-linking occurs readily, proceeds via a radical mechanism, and is the highly dominant reaction, proceeding without causing significant photo-damage in the investigated range of experimental parameters. CONCLUSIONS High-energy femtosecond UV laser pulses can be used to induce covalent cross-links between aromatic amino acids in peptides, overcoming photo-oxidation processes, that predominate as the mean laser pulse intensity approaches illumination conditions achievable with conventional UV light sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Leo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Carlo Altucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Sandrine Bourgoin-Voillard
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Alfredo M. Gravagnuolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Rosario Esposito
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Gennaro Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Catherine E. Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
| | - Raffaele Velotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
| | - Leila Birolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Napoli “Federico II”, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, 80126-Napoli, Italy
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15
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Connor DA, Falick AM, Young MC, Shetlar MD. Probing the Binding Region of the Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Domain of Rat DNA Polymerase β Using Nanosecond-Pulse Laser-Induced Cross-Linking and Mass Spectrometry. Photochem Photobiol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1998.tb09685.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Fecko CJ, Munson KM, Saunders A, Sun G, Begley TP, Lis JT, Webb WW. Comparison of femtosecond laser and continuous wave UV sources for protein-nucleic acid crosslinking. Photochem Photobiol 2008; 83:1394-404. [PMID: 18028214 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00179.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinking proteins to the nucleic acids they bind affords stable access to otherwise transient regulatory interactions. Photochemical crosslinking provides an attractive alternative to formaldehyde-based protocols, but irradiation with conventional UV sources typically yields inadequate product amounts. Crosslinking with pulsed UV lasers has been heralded as a revolutionary technique to increase photochemical yield, but this method had only been tested on a few protein-nucleic acid complexes. To test the generality of the yield enhancement, we have investigated the benefits of using approximately 150 fs UV pulses to crosslink TATA-binding protein, glucocorticoid receptor and heat shock factor to oligonucleotides in vitro. For these proteins, we find that the quantum yields (and saturating yields) for forming crosslinks using the high-peak intensity femtosecond laser do not improve on those obtained with low-intensity continuous wave (CW) UV sources. The photodamage to the oligonucleotides and proteins also has comparable quantum yields. Measurements of the photochemical reaction yields of several small molecules selected to model the crosslinking reactions also exhibit nearly linear dependences on UV intensity instead of the previously predicted quadratic dependence. Unfortunately, these results disprove earlier assertions that femtosecond pulsed laser sources provide significant advantages over CW radiation for protein-nucleic acid crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J Fecko
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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17
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Vindigni A. Biochemical, biophysical, and proteomic approaches to study DNA helicases. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2007; 3:266-74. [PMID: 17372655 DOI: 10.1039/b616145f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Helicases are a family of enzymes that play an essential role in nearly all DNA metabolic processes, catalyzing the transient opening of DNA duplexes. These motor proteins couple the chemical energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to the separation of the complementary strands of a DNA or RNA duplex substrate. A full understanding of their mechanism of DNA unwinding can be achieved only through careful investigation of the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters that control this ATP-driven process, as well as through analysis of the helicases' tertiary and quaternary structures associated with nucleic acids and/or nucleotide recognition. This review describes the various biochemical, biophysical, and, more recently, proteomic techniques that have been developed to shed light on the still controversial, and in some aspects elusive, helicase-catalyzed mechanism of DNA unwinding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Vindigni
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy.
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18
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Keene LT, Fiero T, Clayton CR, Halada GP, Cardoza D, Weinacht T. On the use of femtosecond laser ablation to facilitate spectroscopic depth profiling of heterogeneous polymeric coatings. Polym Degrad Stab 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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19
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Angelov D, Beylot B, Spassky A. Origin of the heterogeneous distribution of the yield of guanyl radical in UV laser photolyzed DNA. Biophys J 2004; 88:2766-78. [PMID: 15613625 PMCID: PMC1305372 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.104.049015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative guanine lesions were analyzed, at the nucleotide level, within DNA exposed to nanosecond ultraviolet (266 nm) laser pulses of variable intensity (0.002-0.1 J/cm(2)). Experiments were carried out, at room temperature, in TE buffer (20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5; 1 mM EDTA) containing 35 mM NaCl, on 5'-end radioactively labeled double-stranded and single-stranded oligomer DNA at a size of 33-37 nucleobases. Lesions were analyzed on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by taking advantage of the specific removal of 8-oxodG from DNA by the formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg protein) and of the differential sensitivity of 8-oxodG and oxazolone to piperidine. The quantum yields of lesions at individual sites, determined from the normalized intensities of bands, were plotted against the irradiation energy levels. Simplified model fitting of the experimental data enabled to evaluate the spectroscopic parameters characterizing excitation and photoionization processes. Results show that the distribution of guanine residues, excited to the lowest triplet state or photoionized, is heterogeneous and depends on the primary and secondary DNA structure. These findings are generalized in terms of excitation energy and charge-migration mediated biphotonic ionization. On the basis of the changes in the yield of the guanyl radical resulting from local helical perturbations in the DNA pi-stack, it can be assessed that the distance range of migration is <6-8 bp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Angelov
- UMR 8113 French National Center for Scientific Research, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France
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20
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Zhang L, Zhang K, Prändl R, Schöffl F. Detecting DNA-binding of proteins in vivo by UV-crosslinking and immunoprecipitation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 322:705-11. [PMID: 15336521 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.07.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The temporal and spatial binding of proteins on DNA is important to the regulation of genome expression and maintenance. However, examining how the protein-DNA complexes assemble in living cells is challenging. The development of UV-crosslinking/immunoprecipitation (UV-X-ChIP) technique and the progress of its applications show the powerful potential of this method in detecting such binding behavior in vivo. UV light is a zero length crosslinker and is believed to produce less perturbation of the complex than chemical crosslinker. The use of UV laser as UV light source allows the number of photons required for crosslinking to be delivered in nano- or pico- or femtosecond intervals, extremely shortening the irradiation time and achieving higher crosslinking efficiency than conventional UV lamp, thus being well suitable for kinetic studies. UV-X-ChIP technique has been successfully applied on the study of DNA replication, transcription, chromatin structure, and genome-wide location of DNA-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemin Zhang
- Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650091, PR China.
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21
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Zhang L, Eggers-Schumacher G, Schöffl F, Prändl R. Analysis of heat-shock transcription factor-DNA binding in Arabidopsis suspension cultures by UV laser crosslinking. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2001; 28:217-223. [PMID: 11722765 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2001.01137.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Crosslinking techniques are important in examining protein-DNA interactions in living cells. Formaldehyde and UV light emitted by conventional lamps are the most commonly used crosslinking agents. The crosslinking step is followed by immunoprecipitation of specific protein-DNA adducts, and by analysis and quantification of the co-immunoprecipitated DNA. There are a few reported cases of fruitful in vivo protein-DNA crosslinking experiments, but not in plants. In this report, we analyse the binding of heat-shock transcription factor (HSF) to heat-shock promoters in intact Arabidopsis cells. Efficient protein-DNA crosslinking by irradiation of Arabidopsis suspension culture tissue was achieved using UV laser pulses. In addition, methods for immunoprecipitation and detection of the co-immunoprecipitated DNA are reported. Our results suggest that Arabidopsis HSFs immunoreactive for HSF1 antibodies bind constitutively to the HSP18.2 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- ZMBP-Allgemeine Genetik, Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 28, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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22
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Abstract
Laser technology has developed to the point where it is possible to utilize lasers as a sophisticated but accessible tool in understanding and manipulating gene functioning. This review emphasizes some of the systems that employ lasers in the new and growing field of molecular laser biotechnology. Here the main emphasis is on the manipulation and understanding of bacterial and plant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- V P Grishko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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23
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Lejnine S, Durfee G, Murnane M, Kapteyn HC, Makarov VL, Langmore JP. Crosslinking of proteins to DNA in human nuclei using a 60 femtosecond 266 nm laser. Nucleic Acids Res 1999; 27:3676-84. [PMID: 10471736 PMCID: PMC148622 DOI: 10.1093/nar/27.18.3676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed appropriate conditions to use a laser with 60 femtosecond pulses, a frequency of 1 KHz and a wavelength of 266 nm to efficiently crosslink proteins to DNA in human nuclei for the purpose of using immunoprecipitation to study the binding of specific proteins to specific sequences of DNA under native conditions. Irradiation of nuclei for 30 min with 1-3 GW/cm(2)pulses crosslinked 10-12% of total protein to DNA. The efficiency of crosslinking was dose and protein specific. Histones H1 and H3 were crosslinked by 15 min of irradiation with 20-25% efficiency, at least 10 times more strongly than the other histones, consistent with experiments using conventional UV light. Irradiation for 15 min did not damage proteins, as assayed by SDS-PAGE of Ku-70 and histones. Although the same level of irradiation did not cause double-strand breaks, it did make the DNA partially insensitive to Eco RI restriction enzyme, probably through formation of thymidine dimers. Immuno-analysis of crosslinked nucleoprotein showed that Ku crosslinking to nuclear DNA is detectable only in the presence of breaks in the DNA, and that nucleosomes are bound to a significant fraction of the telomeric repeat (TTAGGG) (n).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lejnine
- Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1055, USA
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24
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Di Croce L, Koop R, Venditti P, Westphal HM, Nightingale KP, Corona DF, Becker PB, Beato M. Two-step synergism between the progesterone receptor and the DNA-binding domain of nuclear factor 1 on MMTV minichromosomes. Mol Cell 1999; 4:45-54. [PMID: 10445026 DOI: 10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to its behavior as naked DNA, the MMTV promoter assembled in minichromosomes can be activated synergistically by the progesterone receptor and NF1 in a process involving ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling. The DNA-binding domain of NF1 is required and sufficient for stable occupancy of all receptor-binding sites and for functional synergism. Activation of purified minichromosomes is observed in the absence of SWI/SNF and can be enhanced by recombinant ISWI. Receptor binding to minichromosomes recruits ISWI and NURF38, but not brahma. We propose a two-step synergism in which the receptor triggers a chromatin remodeling event that facilitates access of NF1, which in turn stabilizes an open nucleosomal conformation required for efficient binding of further receptor molecules and full transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Di Croce
- IMT, Institut für Molekularbiologie und Tumorforschung Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
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25
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Russmann C, Stollhof J, Weiss C, Beigang R, Beato M. Two wavelength femtosecond laser induced DNA-protein crosslinking. Nucleic Acids Res 1998; 26:3967-70. [PMID: 9705506 PMCID: PMC147806 DOI: 10.1093/nar/26.17.3967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-protein interactions are essential for storage, reproduction and expression of genetic information. Biochemical methods, such as dimethyl sulfate genomic footprinting, have been developed to study stable protein-DNA interactions in vivo and chemical crosslinking has been used for less stable interactions, but the chemical agents are slow, damage cells and perturb native equilibria. To avoid these perturbations, UV laser crosslinking offers an alternative, although the energies required for significant crosslinking cause extensive DNA damage. We find that a combination of femtosecond laser pulses at two different wavelengths, in the UV and the visible range, increases the crosslinking efficiency while minimizing DNA damage. This technique also allowed us to directly measure the singlet S1lifetime of native DNA (tauS1 = 3.2 +/- 0.2 ps), which is mainly determined by the lifetime of thymine [tauS1 = 2.8 +/- 0.4 ps for (dT)16], the photochemically most reactive base. Our results suggest that two wavelength femtosecond laser pulses are well suited for the identification of transcription factors interacting with defined sequences and for studying the kinetics of protein-nucleic acid interactions in intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Russmann
- Fachbereich Physik, Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 46, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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26
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Migliaccio A, Piccolo D, Castoria G, Di Domenico M, Bilancio A, Lombardi M, Gong W, Beato M, Auricchio F. Activation of the Src/p21ras/Erk pathway by progesterone receptor via cross-talk with estrogen receptor. EMBO J 1998; 17:2008-18. [PMID: 9524123 PMCID: PMC1170546 DOI: 10.1093/emboj/17.7.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms by which ovarian hormones stimulate growth of breast tumors are unclear. It has been reported previously that estrogens activate the signal-transducing Src/p21(ras)/Erk pathway in human breast cancer cells via an interaction of estrogen receptor (ER) with c-Src. We now show that progestins stimulate human breast cancer T47D cell proliferation and induce a similar rapid and transient activation of the pathway which, surprisingly, is blocked not only by anti-progestins but also by anti-estrogens. In Cos-7 cells transfected with the B isoform of progesterone receptor (PRB), progestin activation of the MAP kinase pathway depends on co-transfection of ER. A transcriptionally inactive PRB mutant also activates the signaling pathway, demonstrating that this activity is independent of transcriptional effects. PRB does not interact with c-Src but associates via the N-terminal 168 amino acids with ER. This association is required for the signaling pathway activation by progestins. We propose that ER transmits to the Src/p21(ras)/Erk pathway signals received from the agonist-activated PRB. These findings reveal a hitherto unrecognized cross-talk between ovarian hormones which could be crucial for their growth-promoting effects on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Migliaccio
- Istituto di Patologia Generale e Oncologia, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, II Università di Napoli, Largo S.Aniello a Caponapoli, 2, 80138 Napoli, Italy
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