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Chen H, Weng Z, Kalinowska M, Xiong L, Wang L, Song H, Xiao J, Wang F, Shen X. Anti-osteoporosis effect of bioactives in edible medicinal plants: a comprehensive review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39093554 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2386449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Current treatments for osteoporosis include a calcium-rich diet, adequate exercise, and medication. Many synthetic drugs, although fast-acting, can cause a range of side effects for patients when taken over a long period, such as irritation of the digestive tract and a burden on the kidneys. As the world's population ages, the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing, and the development of safe and effective treatments is urgently needed. Active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants have been used for centuries to improve bone quality. It is possible to employ them as dietary supplements to prevent osteoporosis. In this review, we analyze the influencing factors of osteoporosis and systematically summarize the research progress on the anti-osteoporosis effects of active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants. The literature suggests that some naturally occurring active compounds in edible and medicinal homologous plants can inhibit bone loss, prevent the degeneration of bone cell microstructure, and reduce bone fragility through alleviating oxidative stress, regulating autophagy, anti-inflammation, improving gut flora, and regulating estrogen level with little side effects. Our review provides useful guidance for the use of edible and medicinal homologous plants and the development of safer novel anti-osteoporosis dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Zebin Weng
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Monika Kalinowska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Ling Xiong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Luanfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Haizhao Song
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA) - CITEXVI, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xinchun Shen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety, Nanjing, China
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Lin X, Li Y, Wu Q, Lv Y, Zhu Y, Liu J, He L, Wang Z. Quality and Quantity of School Lunch in Nanjing: Based on Data from the Sunshine Restaurant Supervision Platform. Nutrients 2024; 16:2184. [PMID: 39064627 PMCID: PMC11280376 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
School lunch plays an important role in children's healthy growth. Previous investigations revealed many problems with school lunches, including unreasonable dietary structure and insufficient micronutrients. This study aimed to assess the dietary structure and nutritional quality of lunches in Nanjing primary and middle schools. A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 44 schools that supply lunch in 12 districts in Nanjing, with two primary and two middle schools in each district. Twenty-four primary and twenty middle schools were selected. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to explore the influencing factors. Findings revealed a serious shortage of milk and fruit in school lunches; supply of eggs, fish, shrimp, and shellfish was less than half of the recommended quantity; livestock and poultry supply exceeded the recommended level by over four times. Energy and nutrition intake were suboptimal. Provision of energy, carbohydrates, vitamins (A, B1, B2, and C), calcium, and iron in urban primary schools was significantly higher than that in non-urban primary schools. The same pattern of significantly higher nutrients was equally seen in urban middle schools compared with non-urban middle schools, indicating that food supply was affected by regional economies. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the quality of lunches, with a particular focus on those in non-urban areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Lin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Qiong Wu
- Nanjing Municipal Healthcare Institute for Primary and Secondary Schools, Nanjing 210002, China; (Q.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yizhou Lv
- Nanjing Municipal Healthcare Institute for Primary and Secondary Schools, Nanjing 210002, China; (Q.W.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yirong Zhu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Jingwen Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Le He
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
| | - Zhixu Wang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China; (X.L.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.L.); (L.H.)
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Torres B, Pérez A, García P, Jiménez P, Abrigo K, Valencia P, Ramírez C, Pinto M, Almonacid S, Ruz M. Fish Bones as Calcium Source: Bioavailability of Micro and Nano Particles. Foods 2024; 13:1840. [PMID: 38928782 PMCID: PMC11203225 DOI: 10.3390/foods13121840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The amount of by-products/waste in the fish industry is roughly 50%. Fish bones could be used to produce nanoparticles, which may have potential use in the food industry as a novel calcium source and at the same time, contribute to reduce waste production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the bioavailability of nano-size salmon fish bone particles compared to micro-size salmon fish bone particles, and calcium carbonate. The study was carried out in 21-28-day-old C57BL/6 male mice fed for 21 days with the experimental diets. The groups were as follows: CaCO3 0.5% Ca (CN 0.5); CaCO3 1.0% Ca (CN 1.0); salmon fish bone (SFB) microparticles 0.5% Ca (MP 0.5); SFB microparticles 1.0% Ca (MP 1.0); SFB nanoparticles 0.5% Ca (NP 0.5); and SFB nanoparticles 1.0% Ca (NP 1.0). Calcium bioavailability, defined as the percent calcium in femur showed an increasing trend from CN 0.5 to NP 1.0 group. According to ANCOVA, the greatest Ca content was observed in the NP 1.0 group compared with all groups but NP 0.5. In conclusion, in a murine model, salmon fish bone nanoparticles present higher calcium bioavailability than salmon fish bone microparticles, and both, in turn, have better bioavailability than calcium carbonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín Torres
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
| | - Alvaro Pérez
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
| | - Paula García
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
| | - Paula Jiménez
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
| | - Karen Abrigo
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
| | - Pedro Valencia
- Centro de Biotecnología Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390136, Chile;
| | - Cristian Ramírez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (C.R.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Marlene Pinto
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (C.R.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Sergio Almonacid
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química y Ambiental, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Valparaíso 2390123, Chile; (C.R.); (M.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Manuel Ruz
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile; (B.T.); (A.P.); (P.G.); (P.J.); (K.A.)
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Sun L, Liu J, Pei H, Shi M, Chen W, Zong Y, Zhao Y, Li J, Du R, He Z. Structural characterisation of deer sinew peptides as calcium carriers, their promotion of MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation and their effect on bone deposition in mice. Food Funct 2024; 15:2587-2603. [PMID: 38353975 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04627c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Deer sinew as a by-product has high collagen and nutritional value. This study focuses on its hydrolysate being used as a calcium carrier to develop functional foods. The chelation mechanism was analyzed by SEM, EDS, UV-vis, FTIR, and fluorescence spectroscopy and zeta potential analysis after using peptide-sequenced deer sinew peptides for chelation with calcium ions. The results showed that the chelation of deer sinew peptides with calcium ions occurs mainly at the O and N atoms of carboxyl, amino and amide bonds. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that deer sinew peptide-calcium chelate (DSPs-Ca) promoted the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells without toxic side effects and increased the alkaline phosphatase activity. The DSPs-Ca group improved the bone microstructure induced by low calcium, as well as up-regulated the expression of genes responsible for calcium uptake in the kidneys, as evidenced by serum markers, bone sections, bone parameters, and gene expression analyses in low-calcium-fed mice. From the above, it can be concluded that DSPs-Ca is expected to be a calcium supplement food for promoting bone health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sun
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jinze Liu
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyan Pei
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Meiling Shi
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Weijia Chen
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ying Zong
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jianming Li
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Du
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Zhongmei He
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Centre for Efficient Breeding and Product Development of Sika Deer, Changchun 130118, China.
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Wang S, Zheng C, Guo D, Chen W, Xie Q, Zhai Q. Dose-related effects of early-life intake of sn-2 palmitate, a specific positionally distributed human milk fatty acid, on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8272-8286. [PMID: 37678794 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
sn2 Palmitate in human milk plays an important role in the physiological health of infants by reducing mineral loss, improving stool hardness, and relieving constipation. Also, sn-2 palmitate modulates intestinal microbiota. However, it remains unclear whether the effects of sn-2 palmitate on infant gut microbiota are dose-dependent. In this study, we investigated the effects of low, medium, and high doses (600, 1,800, and 5,400 mg/kg body weight, respectively) of sn-2 palmitate on the structure, composition, and metabolic function of intestinal microbes in mice. Our results showed that high doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly modulated α- and β-diversity of the intestinal microbiota. The relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group decreased with increasing doses of sn-2 palmitate. In contrast, the abundances of Bacteroidetes phylum, Bacteroides, uncultured_Lachnospiraceae, and uncultured_Muribaculaceae were positively correlated with sn-2 palmitate doses. The number of genes predicted encoding autophagy-yeast, phospholipase D signaling pathway, and pentose and glucuronate interconversion metabolic functions of intestinal microbiota increased with increasing doses of sn-2 palmitate. In addition, low and medium doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly upregulated the arginine and proline metabolic pathways, and high doses of sn-2 palmitate significantly increased purine metabolism. Our results revealed that the effects of sn-2 palmitate intake early in life on the composition and metabolism of the intestinal microbiota of mice showed dose-related differences. The study is expected to provide a scientific basis for the development of infant formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - C Zheng
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China
| | - D Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - W Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Q Xie
- Heilongjiang Feihe Dairy Co. Ltd., Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China; PKUHSC-China Feihe Joint Research Institute of Nutrition and Healthy Lifespan Development, Haidian, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Q Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Zhang JY, Zhong YH, Chen LM, Zhuo XL, Zhao LJ, Wang YT. Recent advance of small-molecule drugs for clinical treatment of osteoporosis: A review. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 259:115654. [PMID: 37467618 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disorder typified by a reduction in bone mass and structural degradation of bone tissue, leading to heightened fragility and vulnerability to fractures. The incidence of osteoporosis increases with age, making it a significant public health challenge. The pathogenesis of osteoporosis involves an imbalance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and resorption. The current treatment options for osteoporosis include bisphosphonates, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), and denosumab. The recent advances in small-molecule drugs for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis offer promising options for improving bone health and reducing fracture risk. This review aims to provide an overview of the clinical applications and synthetic routes of representative small-molecule drugs for the treatment of osteoporosis. A comprehensive understanding of the synthetic methods of drug molecules for osteoporosis may inspire the development of new, more effective, and practical synthetic techniques for treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou Normal University, Zhengzhou, 450044, China
| | - Yi-Han Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China; Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Lu-Ming Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Xiang-Long Zhuo
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University/Liu-Zhou Worker's Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi, 545005, China
| | - Li-Jie Zhao
- The Rogel Cancer Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
| | - Ya-Tao Wang
- First People's Hospital of Shangqiu, Henan Province, Shangqiu, 476100, China; Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China.
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Suliburska J, Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kurzawa P. Calcium-Deficit Diet Improves Iron Content in Ovariectomized Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4806-4811. [PMID: 36624332 PMCID: PMC10415432 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03556-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In women, menopause is associated with disorders related to calcium and iron content, which may increase the risk of osteoporosis. This study aimed to determine the effect of calcium deficiency on the iron content in ovariectomized rats. This study included 30 3-month-old female rats, which were divided into three groups: group C (n = 10)-control group fed the standard diet; group O-ovariectomized rats fed the standard diet; and group D-ovariectomized rats fed the calcium-deficit diet. After 3 months of experimental intervention, the weight of the rats was measured, and blood and tissue samples were collected. Morphological parameters were analyzed in whole blood, and serum levels of leptin, estrogen and C-reactive protein, and total antioxidant status were determined. The iron content was measured in tissues, and histological analysis was performed in the femur. The results obtained demonstrated that ovariectomy significantly decreased the iron content in bones, hair, spleen, liver, and kidneys. The calcium-deficit diet increased the iron content in tissues and the hemoglobin level in ovariectomized rats and also enhanced the number of osteoblasts in bones compared with the O group. In conclusion, calcium deficiency improved the iron content in ovariectomized rats in this 12-week study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Kurzawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355, Poznań, Poland
- Department of Oncological Pathology, University Hospital of Lord's Transfiguration, Partner of Karol Marcinkowski University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-569, Poznań, Poland
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Kowalczyk M, Znamirowska-Piotrowska A, Buniowska-Olejnik M, Zaguła G, Pawlos M. Bioavailability of Macroelements from Synbiotic Sheep's Milk Ice Cream. Nutrients 2023; 15:3230. [PMID: 37513648 PMCID: PMC10383885 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To determine the potential bioavailability of macroelements (Ca, Mg, P, K), probiotic ice cream samples (Lactaseibacillus paracasei L-26, Lactobacillus casei 431, Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Lactaseibacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium animalis ssp. lactis BB-12) from sheep's milk with inulin, apple fiber and inulin, or apple fiber and control samples were submitted to in vitro digestion in the mouth, stomach and small intestine. The bioavailability of calcium in the ice cream samples ranged from 40.63% to 54.40%, whereas that of magnesium was 55.64% to 44.42%. The highest bioavailability of calcium and magnesium was shown for the control samples. However, adding 4% inulin reduced the bioavailability of calcium by about 3-5% and magnesium only by about 5-6%. Adding 4% apple fiber reduced the bioavailability of calcium by as much as 6-12% and magnesium by 7-8%. The highest bioavailability of calcium was determined in ice cream with L. paracasei, and the highest bioavailability of magnesium was determined in ice cream with L. casei. The bioavailability of phosphorus in ice cream ranged from 47.82% to 50.94%. The highest bioavailability of phosphorus (>50%) was in sheep ice cream fermented by B. animalis. In the control ice cream, the bioavailability of potassium was about 60%. In ice cream with inulin, the bioavailability of potassium was lower by 3-4%, and in ice cream with apple fiber, the bioavailability of potassium was lower by up to 6-9%. The bioavailability of potassium was significantly influenced only by the addition of dietary fiber. The results of the study confirmed the beneficial effect of bacteria on the bioavailability of Ca, Mg and P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kowalczyk
- Department of Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Agata Znamirowska-Piotrowska
- Department of Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Magdalena Buniowska-Olejnik
- Department of Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Zaguła
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, Institute of Food and Nutrition Technology, College of Natural Science, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pawlos
- Department of Dairy Technology, Institute of Food Technology and Nutrition, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Ćwiklińskiej 2D, 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland
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Harahap IA, Kuligowski M, Schmidt M, Kurzawa P, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Suliburska J. Isoflavones and probiotics effect on bone calcium and bone cells in rats. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16801. [PMID: 37292353 PMCID: PMC10245251 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Isoflavones and probiotics have shown the therapeutic potential to alter calcium absorption and bone cell metabolism. This study sought to ascertain the effect of isoflavones and probiotics on calcium status and bone health in healthy female rats. Forty-eight adult female Wistar rats were grouped and fed: a standard diet (control); and standard diets with tempeh; soy; daidzein and genistein; Lactobacillus acidophilus; and a combination of daidzein, genistein, and L. acidophilus. The biochemical serum parameters, such as alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, glucose, and triacylglycerol concentrations, were measured, and calcium contents in tissues were determined. After staining the bone with hematoxylin and eosin, the number of osteoblasts, osteocytes, and the percentage of bone marrow adipocytes were counted. Compared with the control group, the soy group showed a significantly lower triacylglycerol concentration. The L. acidophilus group considerably increased the calcium content in the femoral bone. The daidzein and genistein, L. acidophilus, and a combination of daidzein, genistein, and L. acidophilus groups showed significantly lower calcium contents in the heart and kidneys. The daidzein and genistein group significantly enhanced the number of osteoblasts and osteocytes. A substantial inverse correlation was observed between calcium contents in kidneys and osteoblasts. In conclusion, the combination of daidzein, genistein, and L. acidophilus may improve bone calcium concentrations and bone cells. However, no synergistic effect between isoflavones and probiotics was detected in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Kuligowski
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marcin Schmidt
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Kurzawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Carsote M, Turturea MR, Valea A, Buescu C, Nistor C, Turturea IF. Bridging the Gap: Pregnancy-And Lactation-Associated Osteoporosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091615. [PMID: 37175006 PMCID: PMC10177839 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of pregnancy- and lactation-associated osteoporosis (PLO) is mandatory for a good outcome. Standard care is not a matter of conventional guidelines, rather it requires an individualized strategy while true overall incidence and pathogeny remain open issues. This is a narrative review based on full-length English articles, published between January 2021 and March 2023 and accessed via PubMed (no traumatic fractures or secondary osteoporosis are included). Our case-sample-based analysis included 836 females with PLO (the largest cohort based on published cases so far) through 12 studies and 24 single case reports. Except for one survey, these involved retrospective cohorts of small size (6-10 females/study) to medium size (23-47 women/study), and large cohorts with >50 subjects per study (a maximum of 379). Age of diagnosis: from 24 to 40 years for case reports (most subjects being over 30 and primigravida), while original studies indicated an average age between 31 and 34.18 years. Type of fractures underlined a most frequent vertebral phenotype (a mean of 2 to 5.8 vertebral fractures per patient) versus a most severe non-vertebral phenotype (hip and femoral neck fractures mostly requiring surgery). Potential contributors varied: smoking (1/3-1/2 of subjects), family history of osteoporosis (1/3), heparin and glucocorticoid use in pregnancy, low body mass index (majority of cases), hypovitaminosis D; and (with a low level of statistical significance) anti-psychotic medication, gestational diabetes, lupus, thrombophilia, anemia, in vitro fertilization (1/3 in one study), twin pregnancy, tocolysis with MgSO4, and postpartum thyroiditis. Most remarkably, up to 50% of PLO patients harbor mutations of LRP5, WNT1, and COL1A1/A2 (more damaged form with potential benefits from osteoanabolic drugs); gene testing might become the new norm in PLO. The low index of clinical suspicion should be supported by performing magnetic resonance imaging (gold standard in pregnancy) with DXA (in lactation). Low bone mineral density is expected (Z-score varying from -2.2 SD to -4 SD, unless normal which does not exclude PLO). Bone turnover markers might be useful in individuals with normal DXA, in pregnancy when DXA cannot be performed, and in following the response to anti-osteoporosis drugs. Alternatively, microarchitecture damage might be reflected by DXA-trabecular bone score and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Specific medical interventions are currently focused on teriparatide (TPT) use (3 studies; n = 99 females treated with TPT and an additional subgroup of 18 patients from the gene-analysis-based study, thus a total of 117 females) which seems to be the therapy of choice as reflected by these new data: 6-24 months, 20 µg/day, no sequential therapy needed; case selection based on high fracture risk is necessary). The first case using romosozumab was reported in 2022. PAO/LAO remains a challenging condition which is a battle for the wellbeing of two individuals, on one hand, considering maternal-fetal outcomes and taking care of the offspring, but it is a battle for a multidisciplinary team, on the other hand, since a standardized approach is lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mara Carsote
- Department of Endocrinology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & C.I. Parhon National Institute of Endocrinology, 011683 Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Ana Valea
- Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy & Clinical County Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Buescu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Cluj Emergency County Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudiu Nistor
- Department 4-Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Thoracic Surgery II Discipline, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy & Thoracic Surgery Department, Dr. Carol Davila Central Emergency University Military Hospital, 011683 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ionut Florin Turturea
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Cluj Emergency County Hospital, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Kurzawa P, Kołodziejski P, Suliburska J. Calcium carbonate-enriched pumpkin affects calcium status in ovariectomized rats. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1402-1413. [PMID: 36936115 PMCID: PMC10020404 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05686-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)-enriched pumpkin may serve as a good source of calcium for patients diagnosed with osteoporosis. In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of CaCO3-enriched pumpkin on Ca status in ovariectomized rats. The study included 40 female Wistar rats divided into five groups (n = 8). One group was fed with a standard diet (control group), while the other four groups were ovariectomized and received a standard diet (control ovariectomized group), or a diet containing CaCO3-enriched pumpkin, alendronate, or both. The nutritional intervention lasted 12 weeks, and then the rats were euthanized. Tissue and blood samples were collected and assessed for the levels of total Ca, estradiol, parathyroid hormone, and procollagen type I N propeptide. In addition, a histological analysis was performed on femurs. The results of the study suggest that CaCO3-enriched pumpkin can increase Ca content in femurs and improve bone recovery in ovariectomized rats. Furthermore, enriched pumpkin contributes to Ca accumulation in the kidneys, and this effect is more pronounced in combination with alendronate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kurzawa
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Przybyszewskiego 49, 60-355 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Pozna University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego 84, 60-596 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624 Poznan, Poland
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12
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Plotnikoff GA, Dobberstein L, Raatz S. Nutritional Assessment of the Symptomatic Patient on a Plant-Based Diet: Seven Key Questions. Nutrients 2023; 15:1387. [PMID: 36986117 PMCID: PMC10056340 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-based diets, both vegan and vegetarian, which emphasize grains, vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, and seeds are increasingly popular for health as well as financial, ethical, and religious reasons. The medical literature clearly demonstrates that whole food plant-based diets can be both nutritionally sufficient and medically beneficial. However, any person on an intentionally restrictive, but poorly-designed diet may predispose themselves to clinically-relevant nutritional deficiencies. For persons on a poorly-designed plant-based diet, deficiencies are possible in both macronutrients (protein, essential fatty acids) and micronutrients (vitamin B12, iron, calcium, zinc, and vitamin D). Practitioner evaluation of symptomatic patients on a plant-based diet requires special consideration of seven key nutrient concerns for plant-based diets. This article translates these concerns into seven practical questions that all practitioners can introduce into their patient assessments and clinical reasoning. Ideally, persons on plant-based diets should be able to answer these seven questions. Each serves as a heuristic prompt for both clinician and patient attentiveness to a complete diet. As such, these seven questions support increased patient nutrition knowledge and practitioner capacity to counsel, refer, and appropriately focus clinical resources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Susan Raatz
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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13
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Ho TJ, Lin JH, Lin SZ, Tsai WT, Wu JR, Chen HP. Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of Bioactive Peptides in Human Bone Cells from Tortoiseshell and Deer Antler Gelatin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021759. [PMID: 36675272 PMCID: PMC9861678 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Tortoiseshell and deer antler gelatin has been used to treat bone diseases in Chinese society. A pepsin-digested gelatin peptide with osteoblast-proliferation-stimulating properties was identified via LC-MS/MS. The resulting pentapeptide, TSKYR, was presumably subjected to further degradation into TSKY, TSK, and YR fragments in the small intestine. The above four peptides were chemically synthesized. Treatment of tripeptide TSK can lead to a significant 30- and 50-fold increase in the mineralized nodule area and density in osteoblast cells and a 47.5% increase in the number of chondrocyte cells. The calcium content in tortoiseshell was relatively higher than in human soft tissue. The synergistic effects of calcium ions and the peptides were observed for changes in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Moreover, these peptides can enhance the expression of RUNX2, OCN, FGFR2, and FRFR3 genes in osteoblasts, and aggrecan and collagen type II in chondrocyte (patent pending).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Jung Ho
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsing Lin
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
| | - Shinn Zong Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Ting Tsai
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Ru Wu
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-R.W.); (H.-P.C.)
| | - Hao-Ping Chen
- Integration Center of Traditional Chinese and Modern Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 970473, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (J.-R.W.); (H.-P.C.)
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14
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Zhou J, Cheng J, Liu L, Luo J, Peng X. Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) Fermenting Astragalus Polysaccharides (APS) Improves Calcium Absorption and Osteoporosis by Altering Gut Microbiota. Foods 2023; 12:foods12020275. [PMID: 36673366 PMCID: PMC9858548 DOI: 10.3390/foods12020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA) and Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) have each been shown to have anti-osteoporotic activity, and the aim of this study was to further investigate whether the LA fermenting APS was more effective in improving calcium absorption and osteoporosis than the unfermented mixed solution (MS). We found that the fermentation solution (FS) intervention improved the calcium absorption, BMD, and bone microarchitecture in osteoporotic rats and resulted in better inhibition of osteoclast differentiation markers ACP-5 and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 and promotion of osteoblast differentiation marker OCN. This better performance may be due to the improved restoration of the relative abundance of specific bacteria associated with improved calcium absorption and osteoporosis such as Lactobacillus, Allobaculum, and UCG-005. Several key metabolites, including indicaxanthin, chlorogenic acid, and 3-hydroxymelatonin, may also be the key to the better improvement. In conclusion, the LA fermenting APS can better improve calcium absorption and osteoporosis by increasing active metabolites and altering gut microbiota. This finding should become a solid foundation for the development of LA fermenting APS in functional foods.
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15
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Ofori KF, Antoniello S, English MM, Aryee ANA. Improving nutrition through biofortification-A systematic review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1043655. [PMID: 36570169 PMCID: PMC9784929 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1043655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritious foods are essential for human health and development. However, malnutrition and hidden hunger continue to be a challenge globally. In most developing countries, access to adequate and nutritious food continues to be a challenge. Although hidden hunger is less prevalent in developed countries compared to developing countries where iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiencies are common. The United Nations (UN) 2nd Sustainable Development Goal was set to eradicate malnutrition and hidden hunger. Hidden hunger has led to numerous cases of infant and maternal mortalities, and has greatly impacted growth, development, cognitive ability, and physical working capacity. This has influenced several countries to develop interventions that could help combat malnutrition and hidden hunger. Interventions such as dietary diversification and food supplementation are being adopted. However, fortification but mainly biofortification has been projected to be the most sustainable solution to malnutrition and hidden hunger. Plant-based foods (PBFs) form a greater proportion of diets in certain populations; hence, fortification of PBFs is relevant in combating malnutrition and hidden hunger. Agronomic biofortification, plant breeding, and transgenic approaches are some currently used strategies in food crops. Crops such as cereals, legumes, oilseeds, vegetables, and fruits have been biofortified through all these three strategies. The transgenic approach is sustainable, efficient, and rapid, making it suitable for biofortification programs. Omics technology has also been introduced to improve the efficiency of the transgenic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin F. Ofori
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States
| | - Sophia Antoniello
- Department Human Nutrition, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Marcia M. English
- Department Human Nutrition, Saint Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, Canada
| | - Alberta N. A. Aryee
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE, United States,*Correspondence: Alberta N. A. Aryee,
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Cao Y, Xun M, Ren S, Wang J. Effects of dietary organic acids and probiotics on laying performance, egg quality, serum antioxidants and expressions of reproductive genes of laying ducks in the late phase of production. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102189. [PMID: 36240638 PMCID: PMC9576561 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Five hundred and forty Cheery Valley ducks were used to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of acidifier and compound probiotics, individually or in combination, on production performance, egg quality, immune and oxidative status, expression of reproductive, and calcium binding related genes from 42 wk to 48 wk of age. Ducks were randomly allocated to 9 treatment groups with 6 replicates and 10 ducks per replicate for each group. A 3 × 3 factorial arrangement, with 3 dietary inclusion levels of acidifier and probiotics (0, 2, and 3 g/kg acidifier; 0, 1, and 2 g/kg probiotics) were used. The acidifier used was mainly consisted of Benzoic acid, Fumaric acid, phosphoric acid, and formic acid. The main components of the probiotics were Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium butyricum. Dietary supplementation of probiotics improved the daily feed intake, egg production rate, and body weight of ducks (P < 0.05), and diet acidifier also increased the daily feed intake compared to the control (P < 0.01). Egg quality was improved by diet inclusion of probiotics, including Haugh unit, albumen height, egg shape index (P < 0.01), and eggshell hardness (P = 0.05). A significant increase in Haught unit and yolk weight was observed in ducks fed diet added with acidifier (P < 0.05). Acidifier supplementation reduced the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), immunoglobulin A (IgA), and IgG content and the catalase (CAT) activity in the serum (P < 0.05), in accompanied with an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (P < 0.05). Serum total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities were improved by dietary inclusion of probiotics (P < 0.05). There was an interaction effects on serum IgA and IgG contents between acidifier and probiotics (P < 0.05). Diet supplementation of probiotics improved the ovary follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) and estrogen receptor (ER) gene expressions (P < 0.01), while dietary acidifier reduced the transcription levels of FSHR and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) (P < 0.01) in ovary. In the uterus of the oviduct, expressions of FSHR, and carbonic anhydrase 2 (CA2) were also increased by diet probiotics (P < 0.01), and diet acidifier reduced the gene expressions of calbindin-D28k (CaBP-D28k) and CA2 (P < 0.05). Significant interaction effects between diet acidifier and probiotics were obtained on gene expressions of FSHR, LHR, and ovalbumin (OVAL) in the ovary (P < 0.05), and LHR, CaBP-D28k, and CA2 (P < 0.05) in the uterus. It can be concluded that production performance and egg quality of laying ducks can be improved in the late phase of reproduction by dietary inclusion of probiotics, while the organic acid mixture caused a decline in serum antioxidant and immune capacity of the ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Mingyi Xun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Shanmao Ren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China.
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Estimation of Serum Calcium on the Severity and Mortality in COVID-19 Infections in Sulaymaniyah City, Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Pract 2022; 12:1001-1008. [PMID: 36547111 PMCID: PMC9777466 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract12060103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronaviruses (COV) are a large family of viruses that cause infections ranging from the common cold to more serious diseases. Mild to severe respiratory illnesses have been linked to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which has been classified as a pandemic disease by the World Health Organization. It has been demonstrated that the severity of COVID-19 is highly positively linked with hypocalcemia. Furthermore, calcium imbalances among other electrolytes are linked to the prognosis of COVID-19. OBJECTIVES This study demonstrates a connection between serum calcium levels and COVID-19 as biomedical indicators of COVID-19 infections in Sulaymaniyah city, Iraq. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at Baxshin Hospital for about two months from February 2022 to April 2022. The work was conducted with a total of 40 patients including 22 males and 18 females. The patients' ages ranged from 22 to 80 years old. By analyzing a sample from a nasopharyngeal swab and performing real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), all of the patients tested positive as having COVID-19 infection. Serum calcium was determined from the blood samples of the patients in order to evaluate their serum calcium levels. The statistical package for social science (SPSS) was utilized to examine the obtained data. RESULTS The study revealed a level of calcium between 6.10 and 9.86 mg/dL in male and female patients. The majority of the female patients (61%) displayed low levels of serum calcium, and 33% of the males had a low level of calcium. It can be seen that the highest rate of male patients (66.6%) exhibited a normal level of serum calcium, while 33.3% showed decreased serum calcium. Based on gender and age groups, a statistically significant difference in calcium levels was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study discovered that infection with COVID-19 has some significant laboratory abnormalities, including hypocalcemia, showing that serum calcium might be employed as a prognostic marker in the clinic.
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Quality of Calcium Food Supplements: Evaluation Compared to Manufacturers' Declarations. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238154. [PMID: 36500243 PMCID: PMC9739452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca) is a macronutrient necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. In the case of insufficient consumption with diet, its deficiencies can be supplemented with food supplements (FS). These supplements are used, for example, as an auxiliary in the prevention of osteoporosis, allergies, hair loss or nail brittleness. The purpose of the study was to assess the compliance of Ca content with the manufacturers' declaration. The material consisted of 108 FS. Ca content was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). It was shown that 1.9% of the samples were characterized by a Ca content that was too low in comparison to the manufacturer's declaration, while a content that was relatively too high was found in 54.6% of FS. The quality of FS should be monitored to ensure patient safety.
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Ibourki M, Ait Bouzid H, Bijla L, Sakar EH, Asdadi A, Laknifli A, El Hammadi A, Gharby S. Mineral Profiling of Twenty Wild and Cultivated Aromatic and Medicinal Plants Growing in Morocco. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4880-4889. [PMID: 35020161 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03062-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic and medicinal plants (AMPs) have attracted a considerable attention owing to their medicinal and nutritional value. The main research focus in AMPs is devoted to bioactive compounds and related biological activities; however, little is known about their mineral profiling, hence the novelty of this work, which aims at investigating the mineral composition of 20 species of AMPs belonging to 10 botanical families growing in Morocco. Mineral profiling was determined using an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer in various plant parts depending on each species. Wide variations were found in mineral content among the studied plants. Major elements were K (3987.49 ± 319.01-36,707.01 ± 2936.56 mg/kg), Ca (862.54 ± 69.86-32,836.15 ± 2626.89 mg/kg), P (1065.77 ± 86.33-6328.83 ± 506.32 mg/kg), Mg (986.96 ± 79.66-4935.41 ± 394.82 mg/kg), and Na (28.21 ± 2.23-5792.26 ± 463.38 mg/kg). Fe (62.09 ± 4.96-1636.24 ± 130.89 mg/kg), Mn (10.63 ± 0.85-124.72 ± 9.85 mg/kg), B (5.64 ± 0.45-71.33 ± 5.71 mg/kg), Zn (8.94 ± 0.72-47.01 ± 3.76 mg/kg), and Cu (2.06 ± 0.14-15.12 ± 1.20 mg/kg) were detected at minor levels. Most of the investigated plants were shown to be good sources of minerals. Important correlations were found among different minerals. These outcomes were confirmed by principal component analysis, which separate among studied plants and minerals through the first two principal components. According to obtained results, the studied plants could provide a new promising source of necessary minerals for human diet as well as other various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ibourki
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
| | - Hasnae Ait Bouzid
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Laila Bijla
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - El Hassan Sakar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences of Tetuan, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Mhannech, II. 93002, Tetuan, Morocco
| | - Ali Asdadi
- Biotechnology Laboratory and Natural Resource Valuation of University Ibn Zohr, Planta Sud Unity at Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif Laknifli
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Abdellatif El Hammadi
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Said Gharby
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Materials and Environment (LBME), Faculty Polydisciplinary of Taroudant, University Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco.
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20
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Jakoniuk M, Kochanowicz J, Lankau A, Wilkiel M, Socha K. Concentration of Selected Macronutrients and Toxic Elements in the Blood in Relation to Pain Severity and Hydrogen Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in People with Osteoarthritis of the Spine. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11377. [PMID: 36141646 PMCID: PMC9517490 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Macronutrients and toxic elements may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis of the spine. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentrations of Ca, Mg, Pb, Cd and Hg in blood with the results of hydrogen magnetic resonance spectroscopy and the severity of pain. Patients with osteoarthritis of the spine (n = 90) and control subjects (n = 40) were studied. The concentrations of mineral components in blood were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry (ASA). Spinal pain severity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Hydrogen magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to determine the fat/water ratio in the bodies of L1, L5 and the L4/5 intervertebral disc. The median concentration of Mg in the serum of subjects with spinal degenerative disease was significantly lower (p < 0.001) than that in healthy subjects. The median concentration of Cd in the blood of subjects with osteoarthritis of the spine was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that in the control group. Significantly lower (p < 0.05) median molar ratios of Ca to Cd and Pb as well as Mg to Pb and Cd were observed among patients with osteoarthritis of the spine. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the value of the fat/water ratio in selected spinal structures, depending on normal or abnormal serum Ca and Mg concentrations. The study showed some abnormal macronutrient concentrations, as well as disturbed ratios of beneficial elements to toxic elements in the blood of people with osteoarthritis of the spine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Jakoniuk
- Department of Invasive Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a Street, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Jan Kochanowicz
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a Street, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Lankau
- Department of Integrated Medical Care, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 7A Street, 15-096 Białystok, Poland
| | - Marianna Wilkiel
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Białystok, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a Street, 15-276 Białystok, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Socha
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2D Street, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
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21
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Wu Q, Gao ZJ, Yu X, Wang P. Dietary regulation in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:252. [PMID: 35871218 PMCID: PMC9308782 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutriments have been deemed to impact all physiopathologic processes. Recent evidences in molecular medicine and clinical trials have demonstrated that adequate nutrition treatments are the golden criterion for extending healthspan and delaying ageing in various species such as yeast, drosophila, rodent, primate and human. It emerges to develop the precision-nutrition therapeutics to slow age-related biological processes and treat diverse diseases. However, the nutritive advantages frequently diversify among individuals as well as organs and tissues, which brings challenges in this field. In this review, we summarize the different forms of dietary interventions extensively prescribed for healthspan improvement and disease treatment in pre-clinical or clinical. We discuss the nutrient-mediated mechanisms including metabolic regulators, nutritive metabolism pathways, epigenetic mechanisms and circadian clocks. Comparably, we describe diet-responsive effectors by which dietary interventions influence the endocrinic, immunological, microbial and neural states responsible for improving health and preventing multiple diseases in humans. Furthermore, we expatiate diverse patterns of dietotheroapies, including different fasting, calorie-restricted diet, ketogenic diet, high-fibre diet, plants-based diet, protein restriction diet or diet with specific reduction in amino acids or microelements, potentially affecting the health and morbid states. Altogether, we emphasize the profound nutritional therapy, and highlight the crosstalk among explored mechanisms and critical factors to develop individualized therapeutic approaches and predictors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Gao
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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22
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Wawrzyniak N, Gramza-Michałowska A, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Sassek M, Suliburska J. Effects of Calcium Lactate-Enriched Pumpkin on Calcium Status in Ovariectomized Rats. Foods 2022; 11:foods11142084. [PMID: 35885327 PMCID: PMC9325293 DOI: 10.3390/foods11142084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of enriched pumpkin on calcium status in ovariectomized rats. The study was conducted in sixty female Wistar rats, which were divided into six groups: a group fed a standard diet (C) and five ovariectomized groups fed a standard diet (OVX_C) or a diet with calcium lactate (CaL), with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin (P_CaL), with calcium lactate and alendronate (CaL_B), or with calcium lactate-enriched pumpkin with alendronate (P_CaL_B). After 12 weeks of the intervention, the rats were sacrificed, and their blood and tissues were collected. The calcium concentrations in serum and in tissues were measured using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Serum concentrations of procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (PINP), parathyroid hormone PTH, estrogen (ES), and osteocalcin (OC) were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It was found that enriched pumpkin increased the calcium level in the kidneys (194.13 ± 41.01 mg) compared to the C (87.88 ± 12.42 mg) and OVX_C (79.29 ± 7.66 mg) groups. The addition of alendronate increased the calcium level in the femurs (267.63 ± 23.63 mg) and more than six times in the kidneys (541.33 ± 62.91 mg) compared to the OVX_C group (234.53 ± 21.67 mg and 87.88 ± 12.42 mg, respectively). We found that the CaL, P_CaL, and CaL_B groups had significantly lower PINP serum concentrations (4.45 ± 0.82 ng/mL, 4.14 ± 0.69 ng/mL, and 3.77 ± 0.33 ng/mL) and higher PTH serum levels (3.39 ± 0.54 ng/dL, 3.38 ± 0.57 ng/dL, and 3.47 ± 0.28 ng/dL) than the OVX_C group (4.69 ± 0.82 ng/mL and 2.59 ± 0.45 ng/dL, respectively). In conclusion, pumpkin enriched with calcium lactate affects calcium status and normalizes PINP and PTH serum levels in ovariectomized rats. Diet with enriched pumpkin and alendronate increase calcium concentration in the femur. Enriched pumpkin causes calcium to accumulate in the kidneys of ovariectomized rats; alendronate significantly exacerbates this effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wawrzyniak
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Anna Gramza-Michałowska
- Department of Gastronomy Sciences and Functional Foods, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Maciej Sassek
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznan, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (M.S.)
| | - Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznan, Poland;
- Correspondence:
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23
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Irsik DL, Bollag WB, Isales CM. Renal Contributions to Age-Related Changes in Mineral Metabolism. JBMR Plus 2021; 5:e10517. [PMID: 34693188 PMCID: PMC8520061 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging results in a general decline in function in most systems. This is particularly true with respect to the skeleton and renal systems, impacting mineral homeostasis. Calcium and phosphate regulation requires tight coordination among the intestine, bone, parathyroid gland, and kidney. The role of the intestine is to absorb calcium and phosphate from the diet. The bone stores or releases calcium and phosphate depending on the body's needs. In response to low plasma ionized calcium concentration, the parathyroid gland produces parathyroid hormone, which modulates bone turnover. The kidney reabsorbs or excretes the minerals and serves as the final regulator of plasma concentration. Many hormones are involved in this process in addition to parathyroid hormone, including fibroblast growth factor 23 produced by the bone and calcitriol synthesized by the kidney. Sclerostin, calcitonin, osteoprotegerin, and receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand also contribute to tissue‐specific regulation. Changes in the function of organs due to aging or disease can perturb this balance. During aging, the intestine cannot absorb calcium efficiently due to decreased expression of key proteins. In the bone, the balance between bone formation and bone resorption tends toward the latter in older individuals. The kidney may not filter blood as efficiently in the later decades of life, and the expression of certain proteins necessary for mineral homeostasis declines with age. These changes often lead to dysregulation of organismal mineral homeostasis. This review will focus on how mineral homeostasis is impacted by aging with a particular emphasis on the kidney's role in this process. © 2021 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra L Irsik
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center Augusta GA USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA
| | - Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood VA Medical Center Augusta GA USA.,Department of Physiology Augusta University Augusta GA USA
| | - Carlos M Isales
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA.,Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine Augusta University Augusta GA USA
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24
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Suliburska J, Harahap IA, Skrypnik K, Bogdański P. The Impact of Multispecies Probiotics on Calcium and Magnesium Status in Healthy Male Rats. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103513. [PMID: 34684514 PMCID: PMC8537565 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Although probiotics have been discovered in numerous diseases in the last decade, there is little consensus on the relationship between probiotic properties and minerals balance and their distribution in the organism. This research aimed to evaluate the calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) status in rats on a diet containing multispecies probiotics. Thirty male 10-week-old Wistar rats were selected and divided into three groups (n = 10 rats)—a group fed a standard diet (C), a group fed a low-dose of multispecies probiotics with 2.5 × 109 CFU per day (LD), and a group fed high-dose of multispecies probiotics 1 × 1010 CFU per day (HD) for 6 weeks. The results revealed that HD intake significantly increased the Ca concentration in hair and Mg concentration in femur bones. A significant positive correlation was found between calcium and magnesium levels in hair. The Ca/Mg molar ratio was lower in testicles in the groups with probiotics. In conclusion, multispecies probiotics altered the Ca concentration in hair and Mg level in femur bone, and also changed the molar ratio of these elements in testicles in male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Suliburska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (I.A.H.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Iskandar Azmy Harahap
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (I.A.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Katarzyna Skrypnik
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego St. 31, 60-624 Poznan, Poland; (I.A.H.); (K.S.)
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szamarzewskiego St. 82/84, 60-569 Poznan, Poland;
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