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Yüksel S, Akıl M. Mild Dehydration Triggered by Exercise Reduces Cognitive Performance in Children, But Does Not Affect Their Motor Skills. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2024:1-9. [PMID: 38837125 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2024.2362709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children face the risk of dehydration in varying amounts during the day due to reasons such as physical activity, sweating, eating salty foods and drinking carbonated beverages. It is assumed that dehydration can lead to impaired motor skills and cognitive performance since it affects brain function. However, inconsistencies in study results, test times and problems caused by heat stress make new research mandatory. In our research, we examined the effects of exercise-induced mild dehydration on motor skills and cognitive performance in active/sedentary boys who do/do not do regular physical activities in their daily lives. METHODS The study included 112 boys who do regular physical activity (n:57; 12.40 ± 0.49age) and sedentary (n:55; 12.49 ± 0.50age). The children were given a 12-h hydration program. Mild dehydration was created by giving exercises after hydration measurements. In case of hydration and mild dehydration, Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency and d2 attention test were applied to the children. For comparison, Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc test was performed at the second level. RESULTS According to the hydration and mild dehydration comparison results, there was no difference in total score of Fine Motor Skill Sensitivity, Fine Motor Skill Integration, Hand Dexterity and Bidirectional Coordination, Balance, Running Speed and Agility, Hand-Arm Coordination, Strength, and BOT-2 in children. There was a decrease in both groups in terms of Focused Attention, Processing Speed, Accuracy, Concentration Performance and Attention Span. CONCLUSION As a result, mild dehydration is associated with daily physical activity in children (physical education classes, etc.) or it can easily occur due to food/beverage preferences. It may affect children's performance of school curriculum and extracurricular activities. It shows that maintaining optimal hydration is important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Yüksel
- Graduate Education Institute, Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye
| | - Mustafa Akıl
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Uşak University, Uşak, Türkiye
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Li M, Xiao H, Asihaer Y, Wu Y, Hu Y. Suboptimal hydration status increases the risk of incident MASLD: A pediatric cohort study. J Hepatol 2024; 80:e145-e147. [PMID: 38036006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Menglong Li
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Huidi Xiao
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yeerlin Asihaer
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Yingfeng Wu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, China.
| | - Yifei Hu
- Department of Child, Adolescent Health and Maternal Care, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, China; UNESCO Chair on Global Health and Education, Peking University, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, China.
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Mediano Stoltze F, Correa T, Corvalán Aguilar CL, Taillie LS, Reyes M, Dillman Carpentier FR. Beverage industry TV advertising shifts after a stepwise mandatory food marketing restriction: achievements and challenges with regulating the food marketing environment. Public Health Nutr 2023; 27:e26. [PMID: 38148176 PMCID: PMC10830373 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) are heavily advertised globally, and SSB consumption is linked to increased health risk. To reduce unhealthy food marketing, Chile implemented a regulation for products classified as high in energies, sugar, saturated fat or sodium, starting with a 2016 ban on child-targeted advertising of these products and adding a 06.00-22.00 daytime advertising ban in 2019. This study assesses changes in television advertising prevalence of ready-to-drink beverages, including and beyond SSB, to analyse how the beverage industry shifted its marketing strategies across Chile's implementation phases. DESIGN Beverage advertisements were recorded during two randomly constructed weeks in April-May of 2016 (pre-implementation) through 2019 (daytime ban). Ad products were classified as 'high-in' or 'non-high-in' according to regulation nutrient thresholds. Ads were analysed for their programme placement and marketing content. SETTING Chile. RESULTS From pre-regulation to daytime ban, child-targeted, daytime and total ads decreased by 51·8 percentage points (p.p.), 51·5 p.p. and 61·8 p.p. for high-in products and increased by 62·9 p.p., 54·9 p.p. and 61·8 p.p. for non-high-in products (Ps < 0·001). Additionally, total ready-to-drink beverage ads increased by 5·4 p.p. and brand-only ads (no product shown) by 7 p.p. CONCLUSIONS After the regulation implementation, 'high-in' ads fell significantly, but 'non-high-in' ads rose and continued using strategies targeting children and being aired during daytime. Given research showing that advertising one product can increase preferences for a different product from that same brand and product categories, broader food marketing regulation approaches may be needed to protect children from the harmful effects of food marketing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Mediano Stoltze
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Teresa Correa
- School of Communication, Diego Portales University, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Lindsey Smith Taillie
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Marcela Reyes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Franken SC, Smit CR, de Leeuw RN, van Woudenberg TJ, Burk WJ, Bevelander KE, Buijzen M. Understanding the behavioral determinants of adolescents' water consumption: A cross-country comparative study. DIALOGUES IN HEALTH 2023; 2:100101. [PMID: 38515488 PMCID: PMC10953952 DOI: 10.1016/j.dialog.2023.100101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Substituting the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) with that of water can have a positive effect on adolescents' health. However, despite the attention on this topic in the Global North, it is relatively understudied in other regions of the world, such as the Caribbean. To guide the development of future interventions, understanding the factors determining water consumption among Caribbean adolescents is important. This study examined the behavioral determinants of water consumption among adolescents in Aruba (the Caribbean) and compared them to those in the Netherlands (Western Europe). We used a theoretical model that integrates the dominant theoretical perspectives in the field of public health, including theories of planned behavior, social norms, and intrinsic motivation. This cross-country study included 1,584 adolescents from Aruba and the Netherlands (52% girls; M = 12.34 years; SD = 2.14). The data were analyzed using regression analyses. This study found that in Aruba, adolescents with higher scores of intrinsic motivation, friends' descriptive norms, attitudes, and behavioral control regarding water consumption drank more water. Moreover, the associations between water consumption and both intrinsic motivation as well as friends' descriptive norms for adolescents in Aruba were stronger than those found in the Netherlands. These associations imply that it is even more important for Aruban adolescents than Dutch adolescents to be intrinsically motivated or to perceive their friends often consuming water to drink more water. The cross-country comparison implies that future interventions in Aruba aimed at increasing adolescents' water consumption as an alternative to SSB should focus on enhancing their intrinsic motivation while considering their friends' social norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia C.M. Franken
- Faculty for Accounting, Finance, and Marketing, University of Aruba, J.E. Irausquinplein 4, Oranjestad, Aruba
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Crystal R. Smit
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rebecca N.H. de Leeuw
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Thabo J. van Woudenberg
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - William J. Burk
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Kirsten E. Bevelander
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University and Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9102, 6500 HC Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Moniek Buijzen
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, P.O. Box 9104, 6500 HE Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Gutkowska K, Hamułka J, Czarniecka-Skubina E. The Attitudes of 7-9 Year Old Primary School Students towards Food and Nutrition: Insights from Qualitative FGI Research-The Junior-Edu-Żywienie (JEŻ) Project. Nutrients 2023; 15:4732. [PMID: 38004126 PMCID: PMC10674932 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimal nutrition is one of the most significant environmental factors affecting human health. The aim of this study was to assess the attitudes of primary school students aged 7-9 towards nutrition considering three fundamental components: knowledge, emotional disposition, and dietary behaviors. The research was conducted using the Focus Group Interview (FGI) technique among 78 children. Considering their attitudes towards food and nutrition, four profiles were identified: "engaged", "obedient", "reluctant", and "indifferent". Children who were "engaged" and "obedient" due to their parents' involvement in creating their dietary attitudes exhibited the most alignment with the principles of optimal nutrition. Regardless of profile type, it was observed that children were familiar with recommended and unrecommended food products, as well as the role of water in proper nutrition. It was demonstrated that parents wield the most substantial influence on children's nutrition. As a result, initiatives promoting the proper nutrition and a healthy lifestyle should commence with parents. Children of nutritionally conscious parents tend to eat more healthily and demonstrate a high nutritional awareness. Conversely, the children of busy parents who lack time for meal preparation more frequently replicate their parents' nutritional mistakes. These findings emphasize the importance of the family environment in shaping the dietary behaviors of children and youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Gutkowska
- Department of Food Market and Consumer Research, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jadwiga Hamułka
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW-WULS), 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
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Gerhardus MJ, Klammer S, Galatsch M, Weigel R. Use and Acceptance of Drinking Fountains: A Pilot Study in Two Secondary Schools in Dortmund, Germany. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050817. [PMID: 37238365 DOI: 10.3390/children10050817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Water drinking is essential to reduce obesity in children, but effective means for implementation remain controversial. Our study assesses students' and teachers' use of and attitudes towards drinking fountains in two urban secondary schools. (2) Methods: In a cross-sectional study, answers from students and teachers to a 28- and 19-item questionnaire, respectively, containing closed- and open-ended questions and short interviews with the schools' two principals were described and analysed using the question-specific number of responses as the denominator. (3) Results: Questionnaires of one hundred sixty-two students and ten teachers were analysed; 36.1% of students responded. Students viewed the schools' two fountains as a good idea (73.3%, n = 118), recommended them to other schools (73.1%, n = 117), and felt able to distinguish healthy from unhealthy drinks (70.5%, n = 110). In contrast, 55.7% (n = 88) reported using the fountains regularly; over a week, 39.8% (n = 47) used them less than once; 26.3% (n = 31) used them one to two times. Only about a third (26.5%, n = 43) reported consuming more water since the fountains' installation. Teachers' responses were similar to students'; principals stressed planning and costs. (4) Conclusions: A discrepancy between a good attitude towards and actual use of drinking fountains may exist; school communities may need to look for measures to overcome it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Susanne Klammer
- Child and Adolescent Health Services, Public Health Department Dortmund, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Michael Galatsch
- Institute of Nursing, School of Health Science, Zürich University of Applied Science, ZHAW, 8001 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Weigel
- Child and Adolescent Health Services, Public Health Department Dortmund, 44137 Dortmund, Germany
- Friede Springer Endowed Professorship for Global Child Health, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, 58455 Witten, Germany
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