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Ellouzi H, Ben Slimene Debez I, Amraoui S, Rabhi M, Hanana M, Alyami NM, Debez A, Abdelly C, Zorrig W. Effect of seed priming with auxin on ROS detoxification and carbohydrate metabolism and their relationship with germination and early seedling establishment in salt stressed maize. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:704. [PMID: 39054427 PMCID: PMC11270924 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05413-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
As crucial stages in the plant ontogeny, germination and seedling establishment under adverse conditions greatly determine staple crop growth and productivity. In the context of green technologies aiming to improve crop yield, seed priming is emerging as an effective approach to enhance seed vigor and germination performance under salt stress. In this study, we assess the efficiency of seed priming with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in mitigating the adverse effects of salt stress on maize (Zea mays L.) seedlings during germination and early seedling stages. In unprimed seeds, salt stress reduced germination indices, and seedling (both radicle and coleoptile) growth, together with decreased tissue hydration. However, seed priming using IAA significantly improved maize salt response, as reflected by the increased seed germination dynamics, early seedling establishment, and water status. Besides, seedlings from IAA-primed seeds showed a higher activity of α-amylase, resulting in increased sugar contents in roots and coleoptiles of salt-stressed plants. Further, IAA-seed priming stimulated the accumulation of endogenous IAA in salt-stressed seedlings, in concomitance with a significant effect on reactive oxygen species detoxification and lipid peroxidation prevention. Indeed, our data revealed increased antioxidant enzyme activities, differentially regulated in roots and coleoptiles, leading to increased activities of the antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPX). In summary, data gained from this study further highlight the potential of IAA in modulating early interactions between multiple signaling pathways in the seed, endowing maize seedlings with enhanced potential and sustained tolerance to subsequent salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasna Ellouzi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Imen Ben Slimene Debez
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances (LSBA), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P. O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Amraoui
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Mokded Rabhi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Agriculture and Food, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohsen Hanana
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Nouf M Alyami
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box -2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Debez
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia
| | - Walid Zorrig
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants (LPE), Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria (CBBC), P.O. Box 901, Hammam‑Lif, 2050, Tunisia.
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Lu A, Zeng S, Pi K, Long B, Mo Z, Liu R. Transcriptome analysis reveals the key role of overdominant expression of photosynthetic and respiration-related genes in the formation of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum L.) biomass heterosis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:598. [PMID: 38877410 PMCID: PMC11177473 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaves are the nutritional and economic organs of tobacco, and their biomass directly affects tobacco yield and the economic benefits of farmers. In the early stage, our research found that tobacco hybrids have more leaves and larger leaf areas, but the performance and formation reasons of biomass heterosis are not yet clear. RESULTS This study selected 5 parents with significant differences in tobacco biomass and paired them with hybrid varieties. It was found that tobacco hybrid varieties have a common biomass heterosis, and 45 days after transplantation is the key period for the formation of tobacco biomass heterosis; By analyzing the biomass heterosis of hybrids, Va116×GDH94 and its parents were selected for transcriptome analysis. 76.69% of the differentially expressed genes between Va116×GDH94 and its parents showed overdominant expression pattern, and these overdominant expression genes were significantly enriched in the biological processes of photosynthesis and TCA cycle; During the process of photosynthesis, the overdominant up-regulation of genes such as Lhc, Psa, and rbcl promotes the progress of photosynthesis, thereby increasing the accumulation of tobacco biomass; During the respiratory process, genes such as MDH, ACO, and OGDH are overedominantly down-regulated, inhibiting the TCA cycle and reducing substrate consumption in hybrid offspring; The photosynthetic characteristics of the hybrid and its parents were measured, and the net photosynthetic capacity of the hybrid was significantly higher than that of the parents. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the overdominant expression effect of differentially expressed genes in Va116×GDH94 and its parents plays a crucial role in the formation of tobacco biomass heterosis. The overdominant expression of genes related to photosynthesis and respiration enhances the photosynthetic ability of Va116×GDH94, reduces respiratory consumption, promotes the increase of biomass, and exhibits obvious heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anbin Lu
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuaibo Zeng
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Pi
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Benshan Long
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Zejun Mo
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Renxiang Liu
- College of Tobacco Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China.
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Siddika A, Rashid AA, Khan SN, Khatun A, Karim MM, Prasad PV, Hasanuzzaman M. Harnessing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Bacillus subtilis and B. aryabhattai to combat salt stress in rice: a study on the regulation of antioxidant defense, ion homeostasis, and photosynthetic parameters. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1419764. [PMID: 38938633 PMCID: PMC11208634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1419764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The ongoing global expansion of salt-affected land is a significant factor, limiting the growth and yield of crops, particularly rice (Oryza sativa L). This experiment explores the mitigation of salt-induced damage in rice (cv BRRI dhan100) following the application of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Methods Rice seedlings, at five- and six-weeks post-transplanting, were subjected to salt stress treatments using 50 and 100 mM NaCl at seven-day intervals. Bacterial cultures consisting of endophytic PGPR (Bacillus subtilis and B. aryabhattai) and an epiphytic PGPR (B. aryabhattai) were administered at three critical stages: transplantation of 42-day-old seedlings, vegetative stage at five weeks post-transplantation, and panicle initiation stage at seven weeks post-transplantation. Results Salt stress induced osmotic stress, ionic imbalances, and oxidative damage in rice plants, with consequent negative effects on growth, decrease in photosynthetic efficiency, and changes in hormonal regulation, along with increased methylglyoxal (MG) toxicity. PGPR treatment alleviated salinity effects by improving plant antioxidant defenses, restoring ionic equilibrium, enhancing water balance, increasing nutrient uptake, improving photosynthetic attributes, bolstering hormone synthesis, and enhancing MG detoxification. Discussion These findings highlight the potential of PGPR to bolster physiological and biochemical functionality in rice by serving as an effective buffer against salt stress-induced damage. B. subtilis showed the greatest benefits, while both the endophytic and epiphytic B. aryabhattai had commendable effects in mitigating salt stress-induced damage in rice plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Siddika
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Amena Khatun
- Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | | | - P.V. Vara Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Ren X, Chen L, Deng L, Zhao Q, Yao D, Li X, Cong W, Zang Z, Zhao D, Zhang M, Yang S, Zhang J. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanism underlying seedling heterosis and its relationship with hybrid contemporary seeds DNA methylation in soybean. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1364284. [PMID: 38444535 PMCID: PMC10913200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1364284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Heterosis is widely used in crop production, but phenotypic dominance and its underlying causes in soybeans, a significant grain and oil crop, remain a crucial yet unexplored issue. Here, the phenotypes and transcriptome profiles of three inbred lines and their resulting F1 seedlings were analyzed. The results suggest that F1 seedlings with superior heterosis in leaf size and biomass exhibited a more extensive recompilation in their transcriptional network and activated a greater number of genes compared to the parental lines. Furthermore, the transcriptional reprogramming observed in the four hybrid combinations was primarily non-additive, with dominant effects being more prevalent. Enrichment analysis of sets of differentially expressed genes, coupled with a weighted gene co-expression network analysis, has shown that the emergence of heterosis in seedlings can be attributed to genes related to circadian rhythms, photosynthesis, and starch synthesis. In addition, we combined DNA methylation data from previous immature seeds and observed similar recompilation patterns between DNA methylation and gene expression. We also found significant correlations between methylation levels of gene region and gene expression levels, as well as the discovery of 12 hub genes that shared or conflicted with their remodeling patterns. This suggests that DNA methylation in contemporary hybrid seeds have an impact on both the F1 seedling phenotype and gene expression to some extent. In conclusion, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of heterosis in soybean seedlings and its practical implications for selecting superior soybean varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Ren
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Liangyu Chen
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- Zhanjiang City Key Laboratory for Tropical Crops Genetic Improvement, South Subtropical Crops Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qiuzhu Zhao
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dan Yao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueying Li
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Weixuan Cong
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenyuan Zang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dingyi Zhao
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Songnan Yang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
- National Crop Variety Approval and Characteristic Identification Station, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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Orantes-Bonilla M, Wang H, Lee HT, Golicz AA, Hu D, Li W, Zou J, Snowdon RJ. Transgressive and parental dominant gene expression and cytosine methylation during seed development in Brassica napus hybrids. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:113. [PMID: 37071201 PMCID: PMC10113308 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Transcriptomic and epigenomic profiling of gene expression and small RNAs during seed and seedling development reveals expression and methylation dominance levels with implications on early stage heterosis in oilseed rape. The enhanced performance of hybrids through heterosis remains a key aspect in plant breeding; however, the underlying mechanisms are still not fully elucidated. To investigate the potential role of transcriptomic and epigenomic patterns in early expression of hybrid vigor, we investigated gene expression, small RNA abundance and genome-wide methylation in hybrids from two distant Brassica napus ecotypes during seed and seedling developmental stages using next-generation sequencing. A total of 31117, 344, 36229 and 7399 differentially expressed genes, microRNAs, small interfering RNAs and differentially methylated regions were identified, respectively. Approximately 70% of the differentially expressed or methylated features displayed parental dominance levels where the hybrid followed the same patterns as the parents. Via gene ontology enrichment and microRNA-target association analyses during seed development, we found copies of reproductive, developmental and meiotic genes with transgressive and paternal dominance patterns. Interestingly, maternal dominance was more prominent in hypermethylated and downregulated features during seed formation, contrasting to the general maternal gamete demethylation reported during gametogenesis in angiosperms. Associations between methylation and gene expression allowed identification of putative epialleles with diverse pivotal biological functions during seed formation. Furthermore, most differentially methylated regions, differentially expressed siRNAs and transposable elements were in regions that flanked genes without differential expression. This suggests that differential expression and methylation of epigenomic features may help maintain expression of pivotal genes in a hybrid context. Differential expression and methylation patterns during seed formation in an F1 hybrid provide novel insights into genes and mechanisms with potential roles in early heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Orantes-Bonilla
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hao Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huey Tyng Lee
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Agnieszka A Golicz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Dandan Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rod J Snowdon
- Department of Plant Breeding, Land Use and Nutrition, IFZ Research Centre for Biosystems, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
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Duarte-Aké F, Márquez-López RE, Monroy-González Z, Borbolla-Pérez V, Loyola-Vargas VM. The source, level, and balance of nitrogen during the somatic embryogenesis process drive cellular differentiation. PLANTA 2022; 256:113. [PMID: 36367589 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of somatic embryogenesis (SE), it has been evident that nitrogen (N) metabolism is essential during morphogenesis and cell differentiation. Usually, N is supplied to cultures in vitro in three forms, ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), and amino N from amino acids (AAs). Although most plants prefer NO3- to NH4+, NH4+ is the primary form route to be assimilated. The balance of NO3- and NH4+ determines if the morphological differentiation process will produce embryos. That the N reduction of NO3- is needed for both embryo initiation and maturation is well-established in several models, such as carrot, tobacco, and rose. It is clear that N is indispensable for SE, but the mechanism that triggers the signal for embryo formation remains unknown. Here, we discuss recent studies that suggest an optimal endogenous concentration of auxin and cytokinin is closely related to N supply to plant tissue. From a molecular and biochemical perspective, we explain N's role in embryo formation, hypothesizing possible mechanisms that allow cellular differentiation by changing the nitrogen source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Duarte-Aké
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Ruth E Márquez-López
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional, Unidad Oaxaca, Santa Cruz Xoxocotlán, C.P., 71230, Oaxaca, Oaxaca, Mexico
| | - Zurisadai Monroy-González
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Verónica Borbolla-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Víctor M Loyola-Vargas
- Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Unidad de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular de Plantas, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico.
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Photosynthetic Efficiency and Glyco-Metabolism Changes in Artificial Triploid Loquats Contribute to Heterosis Manifestation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911337. [PMID: 36232635 PMCID: PMC9570370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that extensive genetic variations could be generated due to polyploidy, which is considered to be closely associated with the manifestation of polyploid heterosis. Our previous studies confirmed that triploid loquats demonstrated significant heterosis, other than the ploidy effect, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. This study aimed to overcome the narrow genetic distance of loquats, increase the genetic variation level of triploid loquats, and systematically illuminate the heterosis mechanisms of triploid loquats derived from two cross combinations. Here, inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) and simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were adopted for evaluating the genetic diversity, and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed to investigate gene expression as well as pathway changes in the triploids. We found that extensive genetic variations were produced during the formation of triploid loquats. The polymorphism ratios of ISSRs and SSRs were 43.75% and 19.32%, respectively, and almost all their markers had a PIC value higher than 0.5, suggesting that both ISSRs and SSRs could work well in loquat assisted breeding. Furthermore, our results revealed that by broadening the genetic distance between the parents, genetic variations in triploids could be promoted. Additionally, RNA-Seq results suggested that numerous genes differentially expressed between the triploids and parents were screened out. Moreover, KEGG analyses revealed that “photosynthetic efficiency” and “glyco-metabolism” were significantly changed in triploid loquats compared with the parents, which was consistent with the results of physiological indicator analyses, leaf micro-structure observations, and qRT-PCR validation. Collectively, our results suggested that extensive genetic variations occurred in the triploids and that the changes in the “photosynthetic efficiency” as well as “glyco-metabolism” of triploids might have further resulted in heterosis manifestation in the triploid loquats.
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Cook J, Hui JPM, Zhang J, Kember M, Berrué F, Zhang J, Cheng Z. Production of quorum sensing-related metabolites and phytoalexins during Pseudomonas aeruginosa-Brassica napus interaction. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2022; 168. [PMID: 35980361 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.001212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that has been shown to interact with many organisms throughout the domains of life, including plants. How this broad-host-range bacterium interacts with each of its diverse hosts, especially the metabolites that mediate these interactions, is not completely known. In this work, we used a liquid culture root infection system to collect plant and bacterial metabolites on days 1, 3 and 5 post-P. aeruginosa (strain PA14) infection of the oilseed plant, canola (Brassica napus). Using MS-based metabolomics approaches, we identified the overproduction of quorum sensing (QS)-related (both signalling molecules and regulated products) metabolites by P. aeruginosa while interacting with canola plants. However, the P. aeruginosa infection induced the production of several phytoalexins, which is a part of the hallmark plant defence response to microbes. The QS system of PA14 appears to only mediate part of the canola-P. aeruginosa metabolomic interactions, as the use of isogenic mutant strains of each of the three QS signalling branches did not significantly affect the induction of the phytoalexin brassilexin, while induction of spirobrassinin was significantly decreased. Interestingly, a treatment of purified QS molecules in the absence of bacteria was not able to induce any phytoalexin production, suggesting that active bacterial colonization is required for eliciting phytoalexin production. Furthermore, we identified that brassilexin, the only commercially available phytoalexin that was detected in this study, demonstrated a MIC of 400 µg ml-1 against P. aeruginosa PA14. The production of phytoalexins can be an effective component of canola innate immunity to keep potential infections by the opportunistic pathogen P. aeruginosa at bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Joseph P M Hui
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Janie Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Michaela Kember
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Fabrice Berrué
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Junzeng Zhang
- Aquatic and Crop Resource Development Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Zhenyu Cheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Li T, Wang F, Yasir M, Li K, Qin Y, Zheng J, Luo K, Zhu S, Zhang H, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Rong J. Expression Patterns Divergence of Reciprocal F 1 Hybrids Between Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense Reveals Overdominance Mediating Interspecific Biomass Heterosis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:892805. [PMID: 35845678 PMCID: PMC9284264 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.892805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid breeding has provided an impetus to the process and achievement of a higher yield and quality of crops. Interspecific hybridization is critical for resolving parental genetic diversity bottleneck problems. The reciprocal interspecific hybrids and their parents (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) have been applied in this study to elucidate the transcription regulatory mechanism of early biomass heterosis. Phenotypically, the seed biomass, plant height over parent heterosis, leaf area over parent heterosis, and fresh and dry biomass were found to be significantly higher in hybrids than in parents. Analysis of leaf areas revealed that the one-leaf stage exhibits the most significant performance in initial vegetative growth vigor and larger leaves in hybrids, increasing the synthesis of photosynthesis compounds and enhancing photosynthesis compound synthesis. Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that transgressive down-regulation (TDR) is the main gene expression pattern in the hybrids (G. hirsutum × G. barbadense, HB), and it was found that the genes of photosystem I and Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding may promote early growth vigor. Transgressive up-regulation (TUR) is the major primary gene expression pattern in the hybrids (G. barbadense × G. hirsutum, BH), and photosystem II-related genes mediated the performance of early biomass heterosis. The above results demonstrated that overdominance mediates biomass heterosis in interspecific hybrid cotton and the supervisory mechanism divergence of hybrids with different females. Photosynthesis and other metabolic process are jointly involved in controlling early biomass heterosis in interspecific hybrid cotton. The expression pattern data of transcriptome sequencing were supported using the qRT-PCR analysis. Our findings could be useful in theoretical and practical studies of early interspecific biomass heterosis, and the results provide potential resources for the theoretical and applied research on early interspecific biomass heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu Li
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fuqiu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Yasir
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kui Li
- Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Luo
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shouhong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongshan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Junkang Rong
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
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Xiong J, Hu K, Shalby N, Zhuo C, Wen J, Yi B, Shen J, Ma C, Fu T, Tu J. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanism underlying seedling biomass heterosis in Brassica napus. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:283. [PMID: 35676627 PMCID: PMC9178846 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03671-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterosis is an important biological phenomenon in which the hybrids exceed the parents in many traits. However, the molecular mechanism underlying seedling heterosis remains unclear. RESULTS In the present study, we analyzed the leaf transcriptomes of strong hybrids (AM, HM) and weak hybrids (CM, HW) and their parents (A, C, H, M, and W) at two periods. Phenotypically, hybrids had obvious biomass heterosis at the seedling stage, with statistically significant differences between the strong and weak hybrids. The transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between parents was the highest. Further analysis showed that most DEGs were biased toward parental expression. The biological processes of the two periods were significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction and photosynthetic pathways. In the plant hormone signaling pathway, DEG expression was high in hybrids, with expression differences between strong and weak hybrids. In addition, DEGs related to cell size were identified. Similar changes were observed during photosynthesis. The enhanced leaf area of hybrids generated an increase in photosynthetic products, which was consistent with the phenotype of the biomass. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of different hybrids and parents revealed that hub genes in vigorous hybrid were mainly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction and regulation of plant hormones. CONCLUSION Plant hormone signaling and photosynthesis pathways, as well as differential expression of plant cell size-related genes, jointly regulate the dynamic changes between strong and weak hybrids and the generation of seedling-stage heterosis. This study may elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying early biomass heterosis and help enhance canola yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Kaining Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Nesma Shalby
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Chenjian Zhuo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jing Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Bin Yi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jinxiong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Chaozhi Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Tingdong Fu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070 China
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11
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Chen L, Zhu Y, Ren X, Yao D, Song Y, Fan S, Li X, Zhang Z, Yang S, Zhang J, Zhang J. Heterosis and Differential DNA Methylation in Soybean Hybrids and Their Parental Lines. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11091136. [PMID: 35567137 PMCID: PMC9102035 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Heterosis is an important biological phenomenon and is widely applied to increase agricultural productivity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of heterosis are still unclear. Here we constructed three combinations of reciprocal hybrids of soybean, and subsequently used MethylRAD-seq to detect CCGG and CCWGG (W = A or T) methylation in the whole genome of these hybrids and their parents at the middle development period of contemporary seed. We were able to prove that changes in DNA methylation patterns occurred in immature hybrid seeds and the parental variation was to some degree responsible for differential expression between the reciprocal hybrids. Non-additive differential methylation sites (DMSs) were also identified in large numbers in hybrids. Interestingly, most of these DMSs were hyper-methylated and were more concentrated in gene regions than the natural distribution of the methylated sites. Further analysis of the non-additive DMSs located in gene regions exhibited their participation in various biological processes, especially those related to transcriptional regulation and hormonal function. These results revealed DNA methylation reprogramming pattern in the hybrid soybean, which is associated with phenotypic variation and heterosis initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Chen
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yanyu Zhu
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaobo Ren
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dan Yao
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Yang Song
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Sujie Fan
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xueying Li
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Songnan Yang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- National Crop Variety Approval and Characteristic Identification Station, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Department Biology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Jun Zhang
- Faculty of Agronomy, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; (L.C.); (Y.Z.); (X.R.); (Y.S.); (S.F.); (X.L.); (Z.Z.)
- National Crop Variety Approval and Characteristic Identification Station, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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Liu W, Zhang Y, He H, He G, Deng XW. From hybrid genomes to heterotic trait output: Challenges and opportunities. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 66:102193. [PMID: 35219140 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heterosis (or hybrid vigor) has been widely used in crop seed breeding to improve many key economic traits. Nevertheless, the genetic and molecular basis of this important phenomenon has long remained elusive, constraining its flexible and effective exploitation. Advanced genomic approaches are efficient in characterizing the mechanism of heterosis. Here, we review how the omics approaches, including genomic, transcriptomic, and population genetics methods such as genome-wide association studies, can reveal how hybrid genomes outperform parental genomes in plants. This information opens up opportunities for genomic exploration and manipulation of heterosis in crop breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Liu
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yilin Zhang
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Hang He
- Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, 699 Binhu Road, Xiashan Ecological and Economic Development Zone, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China
| | - Guangming He
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Xing Wang Deng
- School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences and School of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, 699 Binhu Road, Xiashan Ecological and Economic Development Zone, Weifang, Shandong, 261325, China.
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13
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Dudits D, Cseri A, Török K, Sass L, Zombori Z, Ferenc G, Poór P, Borbély P, Czékus Z, Vankova R, Dobrev P, Szántó J, Bagi Z, Kovács KL. Triploid Hybrid Vigor in Above-Ground Growth and Methane Fermentation Efficiency of Energy Willow. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:770284. [PMID: 35283877 PMCID: PMC8905242 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.770284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid vigor and polyploidy are genetic events widely utilized to increase the productivity of crops. Given that bioenergy usage needs to be expanded, we investigated triploid hybrid vigor in terms of the biology of biomass-related willow traits and their relevance to the control of biomethane production. To produce triploid hybrid genotypes, we crossed two female diploid Swedish cultivars (Inger, Tordis) with two male autotetraploid willow (Salix viminalis) variants (PP-E7, PP-E15). Field studies at two locations and in two successive years recorded considerable midparent heterosis (MPH%) in early shoot length that ranged between 11.14 and 68.85% and in the growth rate between 34.12 and 97.18%. The three triploid hybrids (THs) developed larger leaves than their parental cultivars, and the MPH% for their CO2 assimilation rate varied between 0.84 and 25.30%. The impact of hybrid vigor on the concentrations of plant hormones in these TH genotypes reflected essentially different hormonal statuses that depended preferentially on maternal parents. Hybrid vigor was evinced by an elevated concentration of jasmonic acid in shoot meristems of all the three THs (MPH:29.73; 67.08; 91.91%). Heterosis in auxin-type hormones, such as indole-3-acetic acid (MPH:207.49%), phenylacetic acid (MPH:223.51%), and salicylic acid (MPH:27.72%) and benzoic acid (MPH:85.75%), was detectable in the shoots of TH21/2 plants. These hormones also accumulated in their maternal Inger plants. Heterosis in cytokinin-type hormones characterized the shoots of TH3/12 and TH17/17 genotypes having Tordis as their maternal parent. Unexpectedly, we detected abscisic acid as a positive factor in the growth of TH17/17 plants with negative MPH percentages in stomatal conductance and a lower CO2 assimilation rate. During anaerobic digestion, wood raw materials from the triploid willow hybrids that provided positive MPH% in biomethane yield (6.38 and 27.87%) showed negative MPH in their acid detergent lignin contents (from -8.01 to -14.36%). Altogether, these insights into controlling factors of above-ground growth parameters of willow genotypes support the utilization of triploid hybrid vigor in willow breeding to expand the cultivation of short rotation energy trees for renewable energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dénes Dudits
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - András Cseri
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Katalin Török
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Sass
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Zombori
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Györgyi Ferenc
- Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Centre, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Poór
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Borbély
- Department of Biological Resources, Centre for Agricultural Research, Agricultural Institute, Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Zalán Czékus
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | | | - Zoltán Bagi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kornél L. Kovács
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
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14
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Hu Y, Xiong J, Shalby N, Zhuo C, Jia Y, Yang QY, Tu J. Comparison of dynamic 3D chromatin architecture uncovers heterosis for leaf size in Brassica napus. J Adv Res 2022; 42:289-301. [PMID: 36513419 PMCID: PMC9788941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heterosis is the major event driving plant development and promoting crop breeding, but the molecular bases for this phenomenon remain elusive. OBJECTIVES We aim to explore the effect of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture on the underlying mechanism of heterosis. METHODS Here, we constructed the North Carolina II (NC-II) population to select superior and inferior heterosis sets by comparing mid-parent heterosis (MPH) in Brassica napus. To decipher the impact of 3D chromatin architecture on the underlying mechanism of heterosis, we combined genetics, transcriptomics and 3D genomics approaches. RESULTS We suggest that F1 hybrids with superior heterosis tend to contain more transcriptionally active A compartments compared with F1 hybrids with inferior heterosis, and approximately 19-21% compartment significantly altered in the F1 hybrids relative to the parental lines. Further analyses show that chromatin compartments correlate with genetic variance among parents, which may form the basis for differentially active chromatin compartments. Having more A compartments in F1 hybrids confers a more accessible chromatin circumstance, which promotes a higher proportion of highly expressed ELD (expression level dominance) genes in superior heterosis F1 hybrids (46-64%) compared with inferior heterosis F1 hybrids (22-31%). Moreover, genes related to hormones which affect plant growth, are more up-regulated with changes of 3D genome architecture, and we validate that increased hormone content contributes to cell proliferation and expansion by influencing the key genes of cell cycle thereby promoting leaf size. CONCLUSION Dynamic 3D chromatin architecture correlates with genetic variance among parents and contributes to heterosis in Brassica napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Nesma Shalby
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Chenjian Zhuo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Yupeng Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China
| | - Qing-Yong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China,Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China,Corresponding authors at: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China (Q.-Y. Yang).
| | - Jinxing Tu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China,Corresponding authors at: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070 Wuhan, China (Q.-Y. Yang).
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15
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Wu X, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Gu R. Advances in Research on the Mechanism of Heterosis in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:745726. [PMID: 34646291 PMCID: PMC8502865 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.745726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Heterosis is a common biological phenomenon in nature. It substantially contributes to the biomass yield and grain yield of plants. Moreover, this phenomenon results in high economic returns in agricultural production. However, the utilization of heterosis far exceeds the level of theoretical research on this phenomenon. In this review, the recent progress in research on heterosis in plants was reviewed from the aspects of classical genetics, parental genetic distance, quantitative trait loci, transcriptomes, proteomes, epigenetics (DNA methylation, histone modification, and small RNA), and hormone regulation. A regulatory network of various heterosis-related genes under the action of different regulatory factors was summarized. This review lays a foundation for the in-depth study of the molecular and physiological aspects of this phenomenon to promote its effects on increasing the yield of agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Ran Gu
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin, China
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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