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Zhang J, Yuan C, Li E, Guo Y, Cui J, Liu H, Hao X, Guo L. The significance of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A4 in silicosis. BMC Pulm Med 2022; 22:127. [PMID: 35379204 PMCID: PMC8981710 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-022-01918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Silicosis is a chronic occupational pulmonary disease characterized by persistent inflammation and irreversible fibrosis. Considerable evidences now indicate that S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) has been associated with fibrotic diseases. However, the role of S100A4 in silicosis is still unclear. Methods In this study, serum levels of S100A4, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with silicosis (n = 42) and control group (CG, n = 12) were measured by ELISA. S100A4 expression in lung tissues and primary alveolar macrophages (AMs) of mice with and without silicosis was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC)/real-time PCR. The correlations between S100A4 and cytokines or lung function were assessed by Spearman's rank correlation analyses. Results Compared with CG, the levels of S100A4 were significantly increased in silicosis patients (70.84 (46.22, 102.46) ng/ml vs (49.84 (42.86, 60.02) ng/ml). The secretions of TGF-β1, CTGF, IL-6 and TNF-α in silicosis group were significantly higher than that in control group (p < 0.05). Serum S100A4 levels were positively correlated with TGF-β1 and IL-6, while were negatively correlated with lung function parameters including percentage of predicted forced vital capacity (FVC%pre), maximum vital capacity (Vcmax), deep inspiratory capacity (IC) and peak expiratory flow at 75% of vital capacity (PEF75). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, S100A4 > 61.7 ng/ml had 63.4% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity for silicosis, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.707. Furthermore, immunostaining of lung tissues showed the accumulation of S100A4-positive cells in the areas of nodules of silicotic mice. The mRNA expression of S100A4 in the lung tissues and AMs of silicotic mice were significantly higher than controls. Conclusion These data suggested that increased S100A4 might contribute to the pathogenesis of silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Cuifang Yuan
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Enhong Li
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Yiming Guo
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Jie Cui
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Heliang Liu
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China
| | - Lingli Guo
- School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory for Organ Fibrosis, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei, China.
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Increased Serum Levels of S100A4 and S100A15 in Individuals Suffering from Hidradenitis Suppurativa. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10225320. [PMID: 34830597 PMCID: PMC8617841 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10225320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Recently, some S100 proteins have been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and they may constitute valuable biomarkers for these diseases’ diagnosis and monitoring. The objective of the current study was to investigate, for the first time, serum levels of S100A4 and S100A15 in individuals suffering from HS. Furthermore, we assessed the associations between S100A4 and S100A15 serum levels and the severity of disease, CRP serum concentration and some demographic and clinical data. Serum levels of S100A4 and S100A15 were evaluated with the commercially available ELISA kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The serum level of S100A4 in individuals with HS was significantly elevated as compared to controls, with the highest level found in the individuals in Hurley stage II. The S100A15 serum level was positively correlated with the CRP concentration and was associated with the severity of the disease. The serum level of S100A15 in the individuals in Hurley stage III was significantly elevated compared to that of the controls and the individuals with HS in Hurley stages I and II. S100A4 and S100A15 may be considered as new serum biomarkers for the monitoring of HS progression, and they may play a role in the pathogenesis of HS by promoting inflammatory process and fibrosis.
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3
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Wu Y, Li H, Qin Y. S100A4 promotes the progression of lipopolysaccharide-induced acute epididymitis in mice†. Biol Reprod 2021; 102:1213-1224. [PMID: 32072170 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A4 has been suggested to be a critical regulator of tumor metastasis and is implicated in the progression of inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression and possible role of S100A4 in epididymitis. Using a mouse model of epididymitis induced by the injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the deferent duct, we found that LPS administration induced an upregulation of S100a4 transcription (P < 0.05) and a recruitment of S100A4 positive cells in the epididymal interstitium of wild type (WT) mice. Co-immunofluorescence showed that S100A4 was mainly expressed by granulocytes, CD4 lymphocytes, and macrophages. Deficiency of S100A4 reduced epididymal pathological reaction and the mRNA levels of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.01), suggesting that S100A4 promotes the progression of epididymitis. Furthermore, S100A4 deficiency alleviated the decline of sperm motility and rectified the abnormal expression of sperm membrane protein AMAD3, which suggested that in the progression of epididymitis, S100A4 aggravates the damage to sperm vitality. In addition, both Ki-67 marked cell proliferation and transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling detected cell apoptosis were reduced in S100a4-/- mice compared with WT mice after LPS treatment, indicating that S100A4 promotes both cell proliferation and cell apoptosis in epididymitis. Overall, these results demonstrate that S100A4 promotes the progression of LPS-induced epididymitis and facilitates a decline in sperm vitality, and its function may be related to the process of cell proliferation and apoptosis during inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoran Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yinghe Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
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Tamura T, Miyata T, Hatori K, Himi K, Nakamura T, Toyama Y, Takeichi O. Role of S100A4 in the Pathogenesis of Human Periapical Granulomas. In Vivo 2021; 35:2099-2106. [PMID: 34182485 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM S100A4 expression is associated with the pathology of chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we investigated the role of S100A4 and four inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IκB, IL-10, and TNF-α) in human periapical granulomas (PGs). MATERIALS AND METHODS S100A4 expression in PGs obtained by apicoectomy was examined by immunohistochemistry. Further, the expression of S100A4 and four inflammatory mediators was compared between PGs and healthy gingival tissues (HGTs) using real-time PCR. RESULTS In the PGs, S100A4 was found to be expressed in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. Furthermore, real-time PCR revealed that the expression of S100A4 and IL-1β in PGs was significantly higher than that in HGTs. Although a correlation between the expression of S100A4 and IκB or IL-10 was not detected, a positive correlation between the expression of S100A4 and IL-1β or TNF-α was observed. CONCLUSION The expression of S100A4 correlates with the pathogenesis of PGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Tamura
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taiki Miyata
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Hatori
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan; .,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuma Himi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nakamura
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yurika Toyama
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Takeichi
- Department of Endodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Advanced Dental Treatment, Dental Research Center, Tokyo, Japan
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Jiang X, Zhao W, Zhao T, Yang M, Yuan H, Qian J, Xiang Z. S100A4 in Spinal Substantia Gelatinosa from Dorsal Root Ganglia Modulates Neuropathic Pain in a Rodent Spinal Nerve Injury Model. J Pain Res 2021; 14:665-679. [PMID: 33732013 PMCID: PMC7956897 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s293462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To detect the spatio-temporal expression of S100A4 in a spinal nerve ligation (SNL) rat model. Also to figure out which other molecules directly interact with S100A4 to explore the possible mechanisms which might be involved in neuropathic pain. Methods Seven-week-old male SD rats were used for the SNL model construction. Immunofluorescence and Western blotting were used to detect the spatio-temporal expression of S100A4 in the model. S100A4 was co-labeled with a number of related molecules and marker molecules that can distinguish between cell types. After intrathecal injection of S100A4 neutralizing antibody, the behavioral changes of SNL rats were recorded, and molecular changes compared. The direct interaction between S100A4 and other related molecules was verified by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) to explore its possible mechanism. Results After spinal nerve ligation, the content of S100A4 in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn increased significantly. Intrathecal injection of S100A4 neutralizing antibody could effectively relieve the mechanical pain in rats. co-IP revealed a direct interaction between S100A4 and RAGE. Conclusion The content of S100A4 in the DRG and spinal dorsal horn of SNL rats increased, compared with that of the control group. Intrathecal injection of S100A4 neutralizing antibody could effectively relieve the mechanical pain in SNL rats. S100A4 may be involved in the production of neuropathic pain through RAGE or other ways, but the specific mechanism needs to be further studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqi Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Xinchang Hospital of Shaoxing University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenghua Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Ministry of Education, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Liu L, Broszczak DA, Broadbent JA, Singh DP, Steck R, Parker TJ, Peake JM. Comparative label-free mass spectrometric analysis of temporal changes in the skeletal muscle proteome after impact trauma in rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2020; 318:E1022-E1037. [PMID: 32255681 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00433.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Proteomics offers the opportunity to identify and quantify many proteins and to explore how they correlate and interact with each other in biological networks. This study aimed to characterize changes in the muscle proteome during the destruction, repair, and early-remodeling phases after impact trauma in male Wistar rats. Muscle tissue was collected from uninjured control rats and rats that were euthanized between 6 h and 14 days after impact injury. Muscle tissue was analyzed using unbiased, data-independent acquisition LC-MS/MS. We identified 770 reviewed proteins in the muscle tissue, 296 of which were differentially abundant between the control and injury groups (P ≤ 0.05). Around 50 proteins showed large differences (≥10-fold) or a distinct pattern of abundance after injury. These included proteins that have not been identified previously in injured muscle, such as ferritin light chain 1, fibrinogen γ-chain, fibrinogen β-chain, osteolectin, murinoglobulin-1, T-kininogen 2, calcium-regulated heat-stable protein 1, macrophage-capping protein, retinoid-inducible serine carboxypeptidase, ADP-ribosylation factor 4, Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein, and ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 1. Some proteins increased between 6 h and 14 days, whereas other proteins increased in a more delayed pattern at 7 days after injury. Bioinformatic analysis revealed that various biological processes, including regulation of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, regulation of wound healing, tissue regeneration, acute inflammatory response, and negative regulation of the immune effector process, were enriched in injured muscle tissue. This study advances the understanding of early muscle healing after muscle injury and lays a foundation for future mechanistic studies on interventions to treat muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Liu
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daniel A Broszczak
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - James A Broadbent
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, St. Lucia, Australia
| | - Daniel P Singh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Roland Steck
- Queensland University of Technology, Medical Engineering Research Facility, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tony J Parker
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jonathan M Peake
- Queensland University of Technology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Brisbane, Australia
- Queensland University of Technology, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Brisbane, Australia
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Role of S100 proteins in health and disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118677. [PMID: 32057918 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The S100 family of proteins contains 25 known members that share a high degree of sequence and structural similarity. However, only a limited number of family members have been characterized in depth, and the roles of other members are likely undervalued. Their importance should not be underestimated however, as S100 family members function to regulate a diverse array of cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, inflammation, migration and/or invasion, apoptosis, Ca2+ homeostasis, and energy metabolism. Here we detail S100 target protein interactions that underpin the mechanistic basis to their function, and discuss potential intervention strategies targeting S100 proteins in both preclinical and clinical situations.
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Yang L, Song L, Ma D, Zhang J, Xie H, Wu H, Liu H, Yu S, Liang H, Zhang P, Cui L, Yuan H, Chen L. Plasma S100A4 level and cardiovascular risk in patients with unstable angina pectoris. Biomark Med 2019; 13:1459-1467. [PMID: 31596125 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2019-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: We investigated whether S100A4 level is associated with pathophysiology of unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and its potential prognostic value for subsequent cardiovascular events. Methods: We compared plasma levels of S100A4 and a set of clinical markers in three groups (59 with UAP, 32 with stable angina pectoris and 30 healthy controls). Results: S100A4 levels in patients with UAP were significantly elevated. In UAP group, baseline S100A4 levels were significantly higher in patients with subsequent cardiovascular events than those without, a positive correlation was identified between the risk of subsequent cardiovascular events and the plasma levels of S100A4. Conclusion: Elevated S100A4 levels may be involved in the pathogenesis of UAP, and may be a marker predictive of post-treatment cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Liang Song
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Danfeng Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Weifang Yidu Central Hospital, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hao Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Hongpeng Wu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, PR China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Zibo Zhoucun People's Hospital, Shandong, PR China
| | - Hengyi Liang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Taian City Central Hospital, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lianqun Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Haitao Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
| | - Liming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, PR China
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Wu Y, Zhang J, Qin Y. S100A4 promotes the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced mouse endometritis. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:960-967. [PMID: 29800090 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A4 is suggested to be a critical regulator of tumor metastasis, and implicated in progression of inflammation. The aim of this study is to investigate the expression and possible role of S100A4 in endometritis. Using a mouse model of endometritis induced by local injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we found that infection induced recruitment of S100A4-positive cells in the endometrium of wild-type mice. Deficiency of S100A4 reduced uterine pathological reaction and mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β and TNF-α (P < 0.01), suggesting S100A4 promoted the progression of endometritis. To further explore the potential mechanism, we examined the cellular proliferation and apoptosis in the endometrium. Western blot and immunohistochemical results showed that cell apoptosis in uterus during endometritis, marked by cleaved-Caspase 3 protein, was significantly cut down in S100a4-/- mice; cell proliferation, which was indicated by Ki-67, was also significantly decreased in the inflamed endometrial stroma of S100a4-/- mice. Overall, these results demonstrate that S100A4 promotes the development of LPS-induced endometritis, and it may be related to the process of cell proliferation and apoptosis during the inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jinhua Zhang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yinghe Qin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
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Wang W, Ma K, Liu J, Li F. Ginkgo bilobaextract may alleviate viral myocarditis by suppression of S100A4 and MMP‐3. J Med Virol 2019; 91:2083-2092. [PMID: 31359441 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Outpatient Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin China
| | - Ke Ma
- Outpatient Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin China
| | - Jiangtao Liu
- Outpatient Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin China
| | - Feng Li
- Outpatient Department of PediatricsThe First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun Jilin China
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Pro-inflammatory S100A11 is elevated in inflammatory myopathies and reflects disease activity and extramuscular manifestations in myositis. Cytokine 2019; 116:13-20. [PMID: 30684913 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND S100A11 (calgizzarin), a member of the S100 family, is associated with oncogenesis, inflammation and myocardial damage. Our aim was to analyse S100A11 in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) and its association with disease activity features and cancer development. METHODS S100A11 in muscle was determined by immunohistochemistry in polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), myasthenia gravis (MG) and in subjects without autoimmune inflammatory disease (HC). S100A11 in plasma was measured in 110 patients with IIMs (PM, DM, and cancer associated myositis (CAM) patients) and in 42 HC. Disease activity was assessed by myositis disease activity assessment (MYOACT), muscle enzymes and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured by routine laboratory techniques; autoantibodies by immunoprecipitation or by immunoblot. RESULTS We observed an accumulation of S100A11 in the cytoplasm of regenerating and necrotizing muscle fibres of PM and DM patients. S100A11 was increased in plasma of all myositis patients compared to HC (3.8 (1.5-16.8) vs 2.8 (1.7-11.2) ng/ml, p = 0.011) and in DM and CAM patients compared to HC (4.0 (2.2-14.9) and 4.5 (1.5-9.1) vs 2.8 (1.7-11.2) ng/ml, p < 0.001 and p = 0.022, respectively). In all myositis patients, S100A11 correlated with the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.256, p = 0.011), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (r = 0.312, p = 0.002), CRP (r = 0.254, p = 0.022) and MYOACT (r = 0.245, p = 0.022). S100A11 was associated with MYOACT (r = 0.377, p = 0.030) and pulmonary and cutaneous disease activity in DM patients (r = 0.408, p = 0.017 and r = 0.417, p = 0.01, respectively). S100A11 was related to the levels of AST (r = 0.412, p = 0.027) in PM and to the levels of creatine phosphokinase (r = 0.432, p = 0.028) in CAM patients. CONCLUSIONS We show for a first time a potential implication of S100A11 in the local inflammatory and tissue remodelling processes in myositis and an association of circulating S100A11 with disease activity and extra muscular manifestations in DM.
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Zhang YH, Ma DQ, Ding DP, Li J, Chen LL, Ao KJ, Tian YY. S100A4 Gene is Crucial for Methionine-Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice. Yonsei Med J 2018; 59:1064-1071. [PMID: 30328321 PMCID: PMC6192886 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.9.1064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore the influence of S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) knockout (KO) on methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS S100A4 KO mice (n=20) and their wild-type (WT) counterparts (n=20) were randomly divided into KO/MCD, Ko/methionine-choline-sufficient (MCS), WT/MCD, and WT/MCS groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, blood lipid and liver function-related indexes were measured. HE, Oil Red O, and Masson stainings were used to observe the changes of liver histopathology. Additionally, expressions of S100A4 and proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, while hepatocyte apoptosis was revealed by TUNEL staining. RESULTS Serum levels of aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, and total cholesterol in mice were increased after 8-week MCD feeding, and hepatocytes performed varying balloon-like changes with increased inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fibers; however, these effects were improved in mice of KO/MCD group. Meanwhile, total NAFLD activity scores and fibrosis were lower compared to WT+MCD group. Compared to WT/MCS group, S100A4 expression in liver tissue of WT/MCD group was enhanced. The expression of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and profibrogenic cytokines (TGF-β1, COL1A1, α-SMA) in MCD-induced NAFLD mice were increased, as well as apoptotic index (AI). For MCD group, the expressions of proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines and AI in KO mice were lower than those of WT mice. CONCLUSION S100A4 was detected to be upregulated in NAFLD, while S100A4 KO alleviated liver fibrosis and inflammation, in addition to inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hua Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - De Qiang Ma
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - De Ping Ding
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Maternal and Child Health-Care Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Lin Li Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Kang Jian Ao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - You You Tian
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
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Prasmickaite L, Tenstad EM, Pettersen S, Jabeen S, Egeland EV, Nord S, Pandya A, Haugen MH, Kristensen VN, Børresen-Dale AL, Engebråten O, Maelandsmo GM. Basal-like breast cancer engages tumor-supportive macrophages via secreted factors induced by extracellular S100A4. Mol Oncol 2018; 12:1540-1558. [PMID: 29741811 PMCID: PMC6120223 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) may influence both cancer progression and therapeutic response. In breast cancer, particularly in the aggressive triple‐negative/basal‐like subgroup, patient outcome is strongly associated with the tumor's inflammatory profile. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most abundant immune cells in the TME, shown to be linked to poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of the metastasis‐ and inflammation‐associated microenvironmental factor S100A4 on breast cancer cells (BCCs) of different subtypes and explored their further interactions with myeloid cells. We demonstrated that extracellular S100A4 activates BCCs, particularly the basal‐like subtype, to elevate secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The secreted factors promoted conversion of monocytes to TAM‐like cells that exhibited protumorigenic activities: stimulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition, proliferation, chemoresistance, and motility in cancer cells. In conclusion, we have shown that extracellular S100A4 instigates a tumor‐supportive microenvironment, involving a network of cytokines and TAM‐like cells, which was particularly characteristic for basal‐like BCCs and potentiated their aggressive properties. The S100A4–BCC–TAM interaction cascade could be an important contributor to the aggressive behavior of this subtype and should be further explored for therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Prasmickaite
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Ellen M Tenstad
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Solveig Pettersen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Shakila Jabeen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind V Egeland
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Silje Nord
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Abhilash Pandya
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Mads H Haugen
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Vessela N Kristensen
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology (EpiGen), Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | | | - Olav Engebråten
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Norway
| | - Gunhild M Maelandsmo
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institute of Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Norway.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT/The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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14
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Expression and modulation of S100A4 protein by human mast cells. Cell Immunol 2018; 332:85-93. [PMID: 30097176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
S100A4 protein is expressed in fibroblasts during tissue remodelling and in cancer stem cells and it induces the metastatic spread of tumor cells. In mast cells (MCs) S100A4 have been found in some pathological conditions, but its function in normal MCs remains to be described. The purpose of this study was to characterize the cellular localization of the S100A4 protein in MCs of human tissues with inflammatory or tumor disorders and, to determine the consequence of reducing its expression in MC response. We found that tissue resident MCs stained positive to S100A4. Both human HMC-1 cell line and resting CD34+-derived MCs expressed S100A4, whose levels were differentially modulated upon MC activation. Downregulation of the S100A4 protein resulted in MC growth inhibition, enhanced apoptosis and deregulation of MMP-1 and MMP-10 production. Our results suggest that S100A4 is also playing a role in the MC life cycle and functions.
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15
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Fei F, Qu J, Li C, Wang X, Li Y, Zhang S. Role of metastasis-induced protein S100A4 in human non-tumor pathophysiologies. Cell Biosci 2017; 7:64. [PMID: 29204268 PMCID: PMC5702147 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-017-0191-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
S100A4, an important member of the S100 family of proteins, is best known for its significant role in promoting cancer progression and metastasis. In addition to its expression in tumors, upregulation of S100A4 expression has been associated with various non-tumor pathophysiology processes. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of S100A4 remain unclear. Activated “host” cells (fibroblasts, immunocytes, vascular cells, among others) secrete S100A4 into the extracellular space in various non-tumor human disorders, where it executes its biological functions by interacting with intracellular target proteins. However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions in different non-tumor pathophysiologies vary, and S100A4 is likely one of the cross-linking factors that acts as common intrinsic constituents of biological mechanisms. Numerous studies have indicated that the S100A4-mediated epithelial–mesenchymal transition plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of various non-tumor pathophysiologies. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition can be categorized into three general subtypes based on the phenotype and function of the output cells. S100A4 regulates tissue fibrosis associated with the type II epithelial–mesenchymal transition via various signaling pathways. Additionally, S100A4 stimulates fibroblasts to secrete fibronectin and collagen, thus forming the structural components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and stimulating their deposition in tissues, contributing to the formation of a pro-inflammatory niche. Simultaneously, S100A4 enhances the motility of macrophages, neutrophils, and leukocytes and promotes the recruitment and chemotaxis of these inflammatory cells to regulate inflammation and immune functions. S100A4 also exerts a neuroprotective pro-survival effect on neurons by rescuing them from brain injury and participates in angiogenesis by interacting with other target molecules. In this review, we summarize the role of S100A4 in fibrosis, inflammation, immune response, neuroprotection, angiogenesis, and some common non-tumor diseases as well as its possible involvement in molecular pathways and potential clinical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fei
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People's Republic of China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Qu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People's Republic of China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyuan Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071 People's Republic of China.,Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlu Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China.,Graduate School, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuwei Li
- Departments of Colorectal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China
| | - Shiwu Zhang
- Departments of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121 People's Republic of China
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Nielsen MFB, Mortensen MB, Detlefsen S. Identification of markers for quiescent pancreatic stellate cells in the normal human pancreas. Histochem Cell Biol 2017; 148:359-380. [PMID: 28540429 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-017-1581-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a central role as source of fibrogenic cells in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. In contrast to quiescent hepatic stellate cells (qHSCs), a specific marker for quiescent PSCs (qPSCs) that can be used in formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) normal human pancreatic tissue has not been identified. The aim of this study was to identify a marker enabling the identification of qPSCs in normal human FFPE pancreatic tissue. Immunohistochemical (IHC), double-IHC, immunofluorescence (IF) and double-IF analyses were carried out using a tissue microarray consisting of cores with normal human pancreatic tissue. Cores with normal human liver served as control. Antibodies directed against adipophilin, α-SMA, CD146, CRBP-1, cytoglobin, desmin, GFAP, nestin, S100A4 and vinculin were examined, with special emphasis on their expression in periacinar cells in the normal human pancreas and perisinusoidal cells in the normal human liver. The immunolabelling capacity was evaluated according to a semiquantitative scoring system. Double-IF of the markers of interest together with markers for other periacinar cells was performed. Moreover, the utility of histochemical stains for the identification of human qPSCs was examined, and their ultrastructure was revisited by electron microscopy. Adipophilin, CRBP-1, cytoglobin and vinculin were expressed in qHSCs in the liver, whereas cytoglobin and adipophilin were expressed in qPSCs in the pancreas. Adipophilin immunohistochemistry was highly dependent on the preanalytical time interval (PATI) from removal of the tissue to formalin fixation. Cytoglobin, S100A4 and vinculin were expressed in periacinar fibroblasts (FBs). The other examined markers were negative in human qPSCs. Our data indicate that cytoglobin and adipophilin are markers of qPSCs in the normal human pancreas. However, the use of adipophilin as a qPSC marker may be limited due to its high dependence on optimal PATI. Cytoglobin, on the other hand, is a sensitive marker for qPSCs but is expressed in FBs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Friberg Bruun Nielsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Michael Bau Mortensen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Department of Surgery, HPB Section, Odense University Hospital, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Sönke Detlefsen
- Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, J.B. Winsløws Vej 15, 5000, Odense C, Denmark. .,Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, J.B. Winsløws Vej 19, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
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Morávková P, Kohoutová D, Vávrová J, Bureš J. S100A4 Protein in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results of a Single Centre Prospective Study. ACTA MEDICA (HRADEC KRALOVE) 2017; 60:108-113. [PMID: 29439756 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2018.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of our study was to assess association of serum S100A4 protein with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). METHODS Study included 118 subjects: 93 patients with CD, 16 with UC and 9 controls. In CD group, 20/93 patients had B1 phenotype, 19/93 B2, 20/93 B3 and 34/93 B2 + B3. L1 involvement was present in 15/93, L2 in 14/93 and L3 in 64/93 patients. Serum S100A4 concentration was investigated in peripheral venous blood samples by means of ELISA. RESULTS Serum S100A4 was significantly higher in UC (158.6 ± 56.2 ng/mL), p = 0.019 and in CD (154.4 ± 52.1 ng/mL), p = 0.007 compared to controls (104.8 ± 40.5 ng/mL). No difference in S100A4 was revealed between UC and CD, p > 0.05. Serum S100A4 in each CD subgroup (according to behaviour) was significantly higher compared to controls, p < 0.05. Serum S100A4 was significantly higher in L2 (144.6 ± 44.2 ng/mL), p = 0.041 and in L3 (163.0 ± 52.8 ng/mL), p = 0.002 compared to controls and in L3 compared to L1 (126.9 ± 47.6 ng/mL), p = 0.017. CONCLUSION Association of serum S100A4 protein with UC and CD was confirmed. In CD, disease behaviour did not influence serum concentration of S100A4 protein. In CD, higher levels of serum S100A4 were observed in patients with ileo-colonic and colonic involvement compared to those with isolated small bowel involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Morávková
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Darina Kohoutová
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Vávrová
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bureš
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, University Hospital Hradec Králové, 2nd Department of Internal Medicine - Gastroenterology, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
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Luo C, Wang X, An C, Hwang CF, Miao W, Yang L, Xu M, Bai A, Deng S. Molecular inhibition mechanisms of cell migration and invasion by coix polysaccharides in A549 NSCLC cells via targeting S100A4. Mol Med Rep 2016; 15:309-316. [PMID: 27922683 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) promotes extracellular signal transduction, intercellular adhesion, motility and mobility. Different extracts from Coix lachryma-jobi have been used for the treatment of various types of cancer in Asia. In our previous study, the polysaccharide fraction extact, CP1, induced cell apoptosis of non‑small cell lung cancer cells. In the current study, CP1 inhibited migration and invasion of A549 cells in a scratch wound healing assay and matrigel invasion assay, respectively. Furthermore, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blotting demonstrated that CP1 downregulated the gene and protein expression levels of S100A4. In silico docking analysis demonstrated that polysaccharides may not interfere with dimerization, whereas, the affinity of polysaccharides for an S100A4‑NMIIA pocket was margnially greater than at the dimerization sites. Thus, CP1 inhibited A549 cell migration and invasion potentially via downregulation of S100A4, and may also interact with the binding site of S100A4‑NMIIA, which indicated that CP1 has potential as an alternative cancer chemotherapeutic by targeting S100A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Luo
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, P.R. China
| | - Can An
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, P.R. China
| | - Chin-Fa Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Wenhua Miao
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, P.R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Biomedical Center, University of Uppsala, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Maonian Xu
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, Division of Food Chemistry, University of Helsinki, F‑00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Aiping Bai
- Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shanggui Deng
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang 316022, P.R. China
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia is a major pregnancy disease, explained partly by genetic predispositions. STOX1, a transcription factor discovered in 2005, was the first gene directly associated with genetic forms of the disease. Alterations of STOX1 expression as well as STOX1 variants have also been associated to Alzheimer's disease. These observations make of this gene a putative therapeutic target. Area covered: Two major isoforms (STOX1A and STOX1B) are encoded by the gene and are theoretically able to compete for the same binding site, while only the most complete (STOX1A) is supposed to be able to activate gene expression. This makes the ratio between STOX1A and STOX1B as well as their position inside the cell (nucleus or cytoplasm) crucial to understand how STOX1 functions. STOX1 appears to have multiple gene targets, especially in pathways connected to inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell cycle. Expert opinion: STOX1-directed therapies, could be directed either towards its targets (genes or pathways), or directly at STOX1. For this the addressing of STOX1 to various cell compartments could theoretically be modified; also it could be possible of altering the balance between the two isoforms, through selectively inhibiting one of them, possibly improving the outcomes in severe preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vaiman
- a Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer , Institut Cochin , Paris , France
| | - Francisco Miralles
- a Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer , Institut Cochin , Paris , France
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Šenolt L, Cerezo LA, Šumová B, Pecha O, Pleštilová L, Forejtová Š, Růžičková O, Hušáková M, Závada J, Pavelka K, Vencovský J, Mann H. High levels of metastasis-inducing S100A4 protein and treatment outcome in early rheumatoid arthritis: data from the PERAC cohort. Biomarkers 2014; 20:47-51. [PMID: 25489637 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2014.989544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of S100A4 as a biomarker in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). S100A4 levels were measured in 59 patients with early RA and in 41 healthy controls. The association between the S100A4 levels and the treatment outcome after 12 months was determined using multivariate regression analysis. Serum S100A4 levels were significantly higher in the patients with early RA than in the healthy subjects and significantly decreased after 3 months of treatment. Diseases activity at 12 months was significantly higher in female patients who had initially high levels of S100A4. Persistently high S100A4 levels predicted poor treatment outcome and S100A4 may thus represent promising biomarker for assessing treatment response in patients with RA.
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Pleštilová L, Mann H, Andrés Cerezo L, Pecha O, Vencovský J, Šenolt L. The metastasis promoting protein S100A4 levels associate with disease activity rather than cancer development in patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:468. [PMID: 25359220 PMCID: PMC4241220 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-014-0468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim was to evaluate S100A4 protein as a biomarker of disease activity and potential cancer development in patients with myositis. Methods Serum levels of S100A4 were determined in 43 dermatomyositis (DM), 39 polymyositis (PM) and 22 cancer associated myositis (CAM) patients as well as in 77 healthy controls. The associations between S100A4 levels, inflammation, disease activity, muscle strength and cancer development were evaluated. Results All myositis patients had significantly higher serum levels of S100A4 protein compared to healthy controls (median (IQR): 31.5 (17.4 to 59.5) versus 23.8 (14.5 to 33.7) ng/ml, P <0.05). In patients with PM, serum levels of S100A4 protein were significantly higher than in healthy controls (41.6 (24.2 to 123.1) versus 23.8 (14.5 to 33.7) ng/ml; P <0.001) as well as in patients with DM (26.7 (11.3 to 47.5) ng/ml; P <0.05). The levels of S100A4 were comparable between myositis with and without cancer. In all myositis patients, serum S100A4 levels correlated with MYOsitis disease ACTivity assessment (MYOACT) score (r = 0.34; P = 0.001), constitutional (r = 0.30; P = 0.003), pulmonary (r = 0.43; P = 0.0001) and extramuscular disease activity (r = 0.36; P = 0.0001), as well as with creatine phosphokinase (r = 0.27; P = 0.015) and lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.37; P = 0.002) or c-reactive protein (CRP) levels (r = 0.24; P = 0.038). Multiple regression analysis showed significant association between S100A4 serum levels and extramuscular disease activity (β = 0.552; P = 0.002) in PM patients and with MYOACT (β = 0.557; P = 0.003) and CRP levels (β = 0.391; P = 0.029) in DM patients. Conclusions Circulating levels of S100A4 are elevated in patients with myositis and associate with several disease activity parameters, particularly with extramuscular components. No relation between S100A4 levels and presence of cancer associated myositis was found. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-014-0468-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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The metastasis-associated protein S100A4 may be a new potential therapeutic target for rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 35:549-50. [PMID: 25178779 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2765-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Tomcik M, Palumbo-Zerr K, Zerr P, Avouac J, Dees C, Sumova B, Distler A, Beyer C, Cerezo LA, Becvar R, Distler O, Grigorian M, Schett G, Senolt L, Distler JHW. S100A4 amplifies TGF-β-induced fibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2014; 74:1748-55. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Cerezo LA, Remakova M, Tom ik M, Gay S, Neidhart M, Lukanidin E, Pavelka K, Grigorian M, Vencovsky J, enolt L. The metastasis-associated protein S100A4 promotes the inflammatory response of mononuclear cells via the TLR4 signalling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2014; 53:1520-6. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Bettum IJ, Vasiliauskaite K, Nygaard V, Clancy T, Pettersen SJ, Tenstad E, Mælandsmo GM, Prasmickaite L. Metastasis-associated protein S100A4 induces a network of inflammatory cytokines that activate stromal cells to acquire pro-tumorigenic properties. Cancer Lett 2014; 344:28-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2013.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2013] [Revised: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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A link between inflammation and metastasis: serum amyloid A1 and A3 induce metastasis, and are targets of metastasis-inducing S100A4. Oncogene 2014; 34:424-35. [PMID: 24469032 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
S100A4 is implicated in metastasis and chronic inflammation, but its function remains uncertain. Here we establish an S100A4-dependent link between inflammation and metastatic tumor progression. We found that the acute-phase response proteins serum amyloid A (SAA) 1 and SAA3 are transcriptional targets of S100A4 via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB signaling. SAA proteins stimulated the transcription of RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and presumably secreted), G-CSF (granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor) and MMP2 (matrix metalloproteinase 2), MMP3, MMP9 and MMP13. We have also shown for the first time that SAA stimulate their own transcription as well as that of proinflammatory S100A8 and S100A9 proteins. Moreover, they strongly enhanced tumor cell adhesion to fibronectin, and stimulated migration and invasion of human and mouse tumor cells. Intravenously injected S100A4 protein induced expression of SAA proteins and cytokines in an organ-specific manner. In a breast cancer animal model, ectopic expression of SAA1 or SAA3 in tumor cells potently promoted widespread metastasis formation accompanied by a massive infiltration of immune cells. Furthermore, coordinate expression of S100A4 and SAA in tumor samples from colorectal carcinoma patients significantly correlated with reduced overall survival. These data show that SAA proteins are effectors for the metastasis-promoting functions of S100A4, and serve as a link between inflammation and tumor progression.
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Relationship Between Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Acute Rejection of Allogeneic Liver Transplant in Rats. Transplant Proc 2014; 46:50-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2012] [Revised: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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30
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Feng Y, Ni L, Wang Q. Administration of cathepsin B inhibitor CA-074Me reduces inflammation and apoptosis in polymyositis. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 72:158-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Establishing diagnoses and distinguishing active disease from chronic injury remain significant clinical challenges in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). Recent 'discovery' approaches utilizing novel genomic and proteomic techniques have revealed candidate molecular biomarkers to augment clinical and classical histological data. RECENT FINDINGS Whole blood and serum Type 1 interferons (IFN-1) and IFN-1 inducible genes are gaining traction as disease biomarkers in IIM. IFNβ is emerging as a disease activity marker specifically for dermatomyositis. Recently, molecules associated with innate immune-cell function, including TLR-3, high mobility group box (HMGB)-1, B7 Homolog 1, S100A4, and resistin have been detected in tissues of dermatomyositis patients. Serum Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and IL-23 correlate with active disease in early IIM. Antibodies recognizing the Survival Motor Neuron complex have been newly identified in a subset of patients with polymyositis. Protein aggregates are potential disease activity sensors for inclusion body myositis. Skin and lung harbor potential biomarkers for IIM. SUMMARY Recent advances in understanding the pathogenesis of IIM have led to discovery of molecules that are candidate biomarkers of disease activity. Type 1 interferon and myeloid-cell signatures are leading candidate markers for use in IIM activity monitoring.
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