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Damme KSF, Han YC, Han Z, Reber PJ, Mittal VA. Motor precision deficits in clinical high risk for psychosis. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024; 274:1427-1435. [PMID: 37458819 PMCID: PMC10792107 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-023-01645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Motor deficits appear prior to psychosis onset, provide insight into vulnerability as well as mechanisms that give rise to emerging illness, and are predictive of conversion. However, to date, the extant literature has often targeted a complex abnormality (e.g., gesture dysfunction, dyskinesia), or a single fundamental domain (e.g., accuracy) but rarely provided critical information about several of the individual components that make up more complex behaviors (or deficits). This preliminary study applies a novel implicit motor task to assess domains of motor accuracy, speed, recognition, and precision in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-p). Sixty participants (29 CHR-p; 31 healthy volunteers) completed clinical symptom interviews and a novel Serial Interception Sequence Learning (SISL) task that assessed implicit motor sequence accuracy, speed, precision, and explicit sequence recognition. These metrics were examined in multilevel models that enabled the examination of overall effects and changes in motor domains over blocks of trials and by positive/negative symptom severity. Implicit motor sequence accuracy, speed, and explicit sequence recognition were not detected as impacted in CHR-p. When compared to healthy controls, individuals at CHR-p were less precise in motor responses both overall (d = 0.91) and particularly in early blocks which normalized over later blocks. Within the CHR-p group, these effects were related to positive symptom levels (t = - 2.22, p = 0.036), such that individuals with higher symptom levels did not improve in motor precision over time (r's = 0.01-0.05, p's > 0.54). CHR-p individuals showed preliminary evidence of motor precision deficits but no other motor domain deficits, particularly in early performance that normalized with practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S F Damme
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Y Catherine Han
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Ziyan Han
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Paul J Reber
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, 2029 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research (IPR), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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2
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Fattal J, Giljen M, Vargas T, Damme KSF, Calkins ME, Pinkham AE, Mittal VA. A Developmental Perspective on Early and Current Motor Abnormalities and Psychotic-Like Symptoms. Schizophr Bull 2024:sbae062. [PMID: 38728386 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) are prevalent in the general population and, because they represent a lower end of the psychosis vulnerability spectrum, may be useful in informing mechanistic understanding. Although it is well-understood that motor signs characterize formal psychotic disorders, the developmental trajectory of these features and their relationships with PLEs are less well-understood. STUDY DESIGN Data from 7559 adolescents and young adults (age 11-21) in the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort were used to investigate whether early-life milestone-attainment delays relate to current adolescent sensorimotor functioning and positive and negative PLEs. Current sensorimotor functioning was assessed using the Computerized Finger Tapping task (assessing motor slowing) and Mouse Practice task (assessing sensorimotor planning). STUDY RESULTS Early developmental abnormalities were related to current adolescent-aged motor slowing (t(7415.3) = -7.74, corrected-P < .001) and impaired sensorimotor planning (t(7502.5) = 5.57, corrected-P < .001). There was a significant interaction between developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning on positive and negative PLEs (t = 1.67-4.51), such that individuals with early developmental delays had a stronger positive relationship between sensorimotor dysfunction and PLEs. Importantly, interaction models were significantly better at explaining current PLEs than those treating early and current sensorimotor dysfunction independently (χ2 = 4.89-20.34). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a relationship between early developmental delays and current sensorimotor functioning in psychosis proneness and inform an understanding of heterotypic continuity as well as a neurodevelopmental perspective of motor circuits. Furthermore, results indicate that motor signs are a clear factor in the psychosis continuum, suggesting that they may represent a core feature of psychosis vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Fattal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Maksim Giljen
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Teresa Vargas
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Monica E Calkins
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amy E Pinkham
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
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Damme KSF, Vargas TG, Walther S, Shankman SA, Mittal VA. Physical and mental health in adolescence: novel insights from a transdiagnostic examination of FitBit data in the ABCD study. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:75. [PMID: 38307840 PMCID: PMC10837202 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is among the most vulnerable period for the emergence of serious mental illnesses. Addressing this vulnerability has generated interest in identifying markers of risk for symptoms and opportunities for early intervention. Physical fitness has been linked to psychopathology and may be a useful risk marker and target for early intervention. New wearable technology has made assessing fitness behavior more practical while avoiding recall and self-report bias. Still, questions remain regarding the clinical utility of physical fitness metrics for mental health, both transdiagnostically and along specific symptom dimensions. The current study includes 5007 adolescents (ages 10-13) who participated in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and additional sub-study that collected fitness data from wearable technology and clinical symptom measures. Physical fitness metrics included resting heart rate (RHR- an index of cardiovascular health), time spent sedentary (associated with increased inflammation and cardiovascular disease), and time spent in moderate physical activity (associated with increased neurogenesis, neuroplasticity, and healthy neurodevelopment). Self-report clinical symptoms included measures of psychosis-like experiences (PLE), internalizing symptoms, and externalizing symptoms. Increased RHR- lower cardiovascular fitness- related only to greater internalizing symptoms (t = 3.63). More sedentary behavior related to elevated PLE severity (t = 5.49). More moderate activity related to lower PLE (t = -2.69) and internalizing (t = -6.29) symptom severity. Wearable technology fitness metrics linked physical health to specific mental health dimensions, which emphasizes the utility of detailed digital health data as a marker for risk and the need for precision in targeting physical health behaviors to benefit symptoms of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine S F Damme
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Teresa G Vargas
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Sebastian Walther
- University of Bern, University Hospital of Psychiatry, Translational Research Center, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Policy Research (IPR), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Wüthrich F, Lefebvre S, Mittal VA, Shankman SA, Alexander N, Brosch K, Flinkenflügel K, Goltermann J, Grotegerd D, Hahn T, Jamalabadi H, Jansen A, Leehr EJ, Meinert S, Nenadić I, Nitsch R, Stein F, Straube B, Teutenberg L, Thiel K, Thomas-Odenthal F, Usemann P, Winter A, Dannlowski U, Kircher T, Walther S. The neural signature of psychomotor disturbance in depression. Mol Psychiatry 2024; 29:317-326. [PMID: 38036604 PMCID: PMC11116107 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02327-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Up to 70% of patients with major depressive disorder present with psychomotor disturbance (PmD), but at the present time understanding of its pathophysiology is limited. In this study, we capitalized on a large sample of patients to examine the neural correlates of PmD in depression. This study included 820 healthy participants and 699 patients with remitted (n = 402) or current (n = 297) depression. Patients were further categorized as having psychomotor retardation, agitation, or no PmD. We compared resting-state functional connectivity (ROI-to-ROI) between nodes of the cerebral motor network between the groups, including primary motor cortex, supplementary motor area, sensory cortex, superior parietal lobe, caudate, putamen, pallidum, thalamus, and cerebellum. Additionally, we examined network topology of the motor network using graph theory. Among the currently depressed 55% had PmD (15% agitation, 29% retardation, and 11% concurrent agitation and retardation), while 16% of the remitted patients had PmD (8% retardation and 8% agitation). When compared with controls, currently depressed patients with PmD showed higher thalamo-cortical and pallido-cortical connectivity, but no network topology alterations. Currently depressed patients with retardation only had higher thalamo-cortical connectivity, while those with agitation had predominant higher pallido-cortical connectivity. Currently depressed patients without PmD showed higher thalamo-cortical, pallido-cortical, and cortico-cortical connectivity, as well as altered network topology compared to healthy controls. Remitted patients with PmD showed no differences in single connections but altered network topology, while remitted patients without PmD did not differ from healthy controls in any measure. We found evidence for compensatory increased cortico-cortical resting-state functional connectivity that may prevent psychomotor disturbance in current depression, but may perturb network topology. Agitation and retardation show specific connectivity signatures. Motor network topology is slightly altered in remitted patients arguing for persistent changes in depression. These alterations in functional connectivity may be addressed with non-invasive brain stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Wüthrich
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
- Graduate School of Health Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Stephanie Lefebvre
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Evanston/Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Institute for Policy Research, Evanston, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Medical Social Sciences, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stewart A Shankman
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Nina Alexander
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Brosch
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kira Flinkenflügel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Janik Goltermann
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Hamidreza Jamalabadi
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Core-Facility Brain imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth J Leehr
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Nitsch
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frederike Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Straube
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lea Teutenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Thomas-Odenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Paula Usemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Alexandra Winter
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Chew QH, Jia S, Sim K. Cerebellar Dysfunction and Relationship With Psychopathology, Cognitive Functioning, Resilience, and Coping in Schizophrenia. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023; 211:876-880. [PMID: 37890027 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT In this study, we examined the cerebellar dysfunction in schizophrenia by evaluating the clinical, cognitive, resilience, and coping correlates of cerebellar signs (CSs) in 162 subjects (63 patients with schizophrenia and 99 healthy controls). The presence of CS was evaluated based on six clinical tests. Measures to assess the severity of psychopathology, cognitive functioning, resilience, and frequency of coping strategies used were included. Patients had more CS than controls. Patients with more CS were older, had more severe psychopathology, had poorer performance on Brief Assessment of Cognition for Schizophrenia token motor task, and used less self-distraction as a coping strategy than those with fewer CS. Patients without CS used less self-blame coping at higher level of resilience. The association of less self-distraction with more CS may be related to cognitive inflexibility as a result of cerebellar dysfunction. Greater attentiveness to the presence of CS in schizophrenia patients may aid in better management of their psychotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Hui Chew
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
| | - Shuhong Jia
- Ambulatory Services/Nursing, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore
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Karp EL, Williams TF, Ellman LM, Strauss GP, Walker EF, Corlett PR, Woods SW, Powers AR, Gold JM, Schiffman JE, Waltz JA, Silverstein SM, Mittal VA. Self-reported Gesture Interpretation and Performance Deficits in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:746-755. [PMID: 36939086 PMCID: PMC10154698 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Deficits in performing and interpreting communicative nonverbal behaviors, such as gesture, have been linked to varied psychopathology and dysfunction. Some evidence suggests that individuals at risk for psychosis have deficits in gesture interpretation and performance; however, individuals with internalizing disorders (eg, depression) may have similar deficits. No previous studies have examined whether gesture deficits in performance and interpretation are specific to those at risk for psychosis. Additionally, the underlying mechanisms (eg, cognition) and consequences (eg, functioning) of these deficits are poorly understood. STUDY DESIGN This study examined self-reported gesture interpretation (SRGI) and performance (SRGP) in those at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR; N = 88), those with internalizing disorders (INT; N = 51), and healthy controls (HC; N = 53). Participants completed questionnaires, clinical interviews, and neurocognitive tasks. STUDY RESULTS Results indicated that the CHR group was characterized by significantly lower SRGI scores than the HC or INT groups (d = 0.41); there were no differences among groups in SRGP. Within CHR participants, greater deficits in SRGP were associated with lower verbal learning and memory (r = -.33), but not general intelligence or processing speed. Furthermore, gesture deficits were associated with higher cross-sectional risk for conversion to a full psychotic disorder in the CHR group. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings suggest that specific subdomains of gesture may reflect unique vulnerability for psychosis, self-report may be a viable assessment tool in understanding these phenomena, and gesture dysfunction may signal risk for transition to psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica L Karp
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Trevor F Williams
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Lauren M Ellman
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
| | - Gregory P Strauss
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Philip R Corlett
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Albert R Powers
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - James M Gold
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
| | - Jason E Schiffman
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, 4201 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - James A Waltz
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA
| | - Steven M Silverstein
- Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience and Ophthalmology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Institutes for Policy Research (IPR) and Innovations in Developmental Sciences (DevSci), Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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Psychotic-like experiences as a co-occurring psychopathological indicator of multi-dimensional affective symptoms: Findings from a cross-sectional survey among college students. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:33-39. [PMID: 36435396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although connections between psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) and a series of non-psychotic disorders have been widely explored in previous research, it is unclear whether PLEs could act as a co-occurring psychopathological indicator of multi-dimensional affective symptoms. METHODS A total of 4761 students took part in an online survey which assessed the frequency of PLEs and three types of affective symptoms over lifetime. Binary logistic regression models were used to examine associations between PLEs and each type of affective symptom. Network analysis was conducted to explore the relationship among three subtypes of PLEs - persecutory ideation (PI), bizarre experiences (BEs) and perceptual abnormalities (PAs), and different types of affective symptoms. RESULTS The results showed that compared with the non-PLEs group, the PLEs group suffered significantly higher risk of experiencing three types of affective symptoms, including manic symptoms [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 11.50, 95 % confidence interval (CI) (4.59-28.81)], depressive symptoms [aOR 7.28, 95 % CI (4.98-10.66)] and anxiety symptoms [aOR 4.47, 95 % CI (3.10-6.43)]. In the network model, bizarre experiences were the most critical central symptom. Both depressive and anxiety symptoms were most strongly associated with persecutory ideation while manic symptoms were most closely related to bizarre experiences. LIMITATIONS Cross-sectional data and self-reported symptoms. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PLEs are a vital co-occurring indicator of multi-dimensional affective symptoms and show its enormous potential as a target for a host of mental health problems. Further investigation may shed light on the aetiology of the relationship between different subtypes of PLEs and affective symptoms.
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Schaub N, Ammann N, Conring F, Müller T, Federspiel A, Wiest R, Hoepner R, Stegmayer K, Walther S. Effect of Season of Birth on Hippocampus Volume in a Transdiagnostic Sample of Patients With Depression and Schizophrenia. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 16:877461. [PMID: 35769255 PMCID: PMC9234120 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2022.877461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychiatric disorders share an excess of seasonal birth in winter and spring, suggesting an increase of neurodevelopmental risks. Evidence suggests season of birth can serve as a proxy of harmful environmental factors. Given that prenatal exposure of these factors may trigger pathologic processes in the neurodevelopment, they may consequently lead to brain volume alterations. Here we tested the effects of season of birth on gray matter volume in a transdiagnostic sample of patients with schizophrenia and depression compared to healthy controls (n = 192). We found a significant effect of season of birth on gray matter volume with reduced right hippocampal volume in summer-born compared to winter-born patients with depression. In addition, the volume of the right hippocampus was reduced independent from season of birth in schizophrenia. Our results support the potential impact of season of birth on hippocampal volume in depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Schaub
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nina Ammann
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Frauke Conring
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Müller
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roland Wiest
- Support Center of Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Inselspital, University Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Robert Hoepner
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, University Hospital and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Stegmayer
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Katharina Stegmayer,
| | - Sebastian Walther
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Bern, Switzerland
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Pries LK, Moore TM, Visoki E, Sotelo I, Barzilay R, Guloksuz S. Estimating the association between exposome and psychosis as well as general psychopathology: results from the ABCD Study. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 2:283-291. [PMID: 36325038 PMCID: PMC9616253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The exposome comprises all nongenetic factors an individual is exposed to across their lifespan. Research suggests that exposomic vulnerability for schizophrenia is associated not only with psychosis but also, to a degree, with general psychopathology. Here, we investigated to what degree exposome factors are associated with psychosis and general psychopathology. Methods Data were retrieved from the 1-year follow-up assessment of a large U.S. adolescent sample (n = 11,235), the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Iterative factor analyses of environmental exposures (n = 798) allowed calculation of 6 exposome factors: household adversity, neighborhood environment, day-to-day experiences, state-level environment, family values, pregnancy/birth complications. Bifactor modeling of clinical symptoms (n = 93) allowed calculation of a general psychopathology factor (p-factor) and 6 subdomains, including a psychosis subdomain. We applied linear regression analyses to estimate the association of exposome factors with the p-factor and psychosis subdomain, respectively. Results Individual analyses showed that 5 exposome factors were significantly associated with the p-factor after multiple-comparison correction. In the mutually adjusted model, all exposome factors were significantly associated with the p-factor. Psychosis was particularly associated with 3 exposome factors, with the mutually adjusted model yielding the following results: household adversity (β = 0.04, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.07), day-to-day experiences (β = 0.10, 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.12), and pregnancy/birth complications (β = 0.03, 95% CI, 0.01 to 0.05). Conclusions Our findings demonstrate that multifaceted environmental background is associated with mental disorders. Psychosis was particularly associated with prenatal, perinatal, and childhood (household and school) adversities, although these exposome domains were also associated with psychopathology. The exposome approach can help understand neurodevelopmental psychopathology.
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10
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Walther S, Mittal VA. Motor Behavior is Relevant for Understanding Mechanism, Bolstering Prediction, And Improving Treatment: A Transdiagnostic Perspective. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:741-748. [PMID: 35137227 PMCID: PMC9212099 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Walther
- To whom the correspondence should be addressed; Murtenstrasse 21, 3008 Bern, Switzerland; tel: +41 31 632 8979, fax: +41 31 632 8950, e-mail:
| | - Vijay A Mittal
- Departments of Psychology, Psychiatry, and Medical Social Sciences, Institute for Policy Research and Institute for Innovations in Developmental Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston and Chicago, IL,USA
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