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Gürdere C, Sorgenfrei J, Pfeffer I. Cognitive reappraisal and affective response to physical activity: associations with physical activity behavior. BMC Res Notes 2024; 17:185. [PMID: 38956656 PMCID: PMC11220955 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-024-06843-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive reappraisal (CR), as an adaptive emotion regulation strategy, may play a role in transforming affect in a positive direction during or after exercise, thereby supporting physical activity (PA) adherence. The present study aimed to test the associations among PA, CR frequency, and affective response to PA, and further to examine the role of CR on PA behavior through affective response. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 105 adults, 74 of whom were women, with a mean age of 25.91. Self-report scales were used to measure PA, CR, and affective response to PA. Along with scales, demographic questions on age, sex, and education level were included. Data was collected via an online questionnaire. RESULTS The frequency of CR use was positively associated with affective response, and affective response with PA behavior. Mediation analysis revealed that affective response mediated the relationship between CR and PA. DISCUSSION Results were in the expected direction demonstrating the mediating role of affective response between CR and PA which implies that PA adherence might be facilitated by CR engagement. PA intervention programs should consider implementing CR ability and use frequency improving techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ceren Gürdere
- Department of Psychology, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | | | - Ines Pfeffer
- Department of Pedagogy, Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany.
- Institute of Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience (ICAN), Medical School Hamburg, Am Kaiserkai 1, 20457, Hamburg, Germany.
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Ruart S, Sinnapah S, Hue O, Antoine-Jonville S. It's time to increase physical activity promotion among pregnant women in France. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:206. [PMID: 37545993 PMCID: PMC10402808 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_461_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lockdown linked to COVID-19 was shown to have negative effects on healthy behaviors in the general population, prompting the implementation of adapted public health measures. However, more vulnerable populations, such as pregnant women, were not specifically taken into account. At the time of writing this study, we know little about how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the physical activity (PA) behavior of pregnant women in France. Given the many reports in the literature about women's low level of PA throughout pregnancy and the negative effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on behaviors in the general population; however, we might assume that their sedentary behaviors increased. The current study aimed to analyze the French recommendations and PA promotion among pregnant women. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was done using PubMed for the key terms "physical activity/physical activity promotion," "pregnant women/pregnancy,", and "French population/France." All the relevant studies were included to support the argument for this narrative review. RESULTS Efforts to promote PA for pregnant women often seem ineffective and even unrealistic, and many women become overweight or obese during pregnancy. Health professionals need evidence-based guidelines and continuous training and skills development in order to convincingly encourage women to be more active during pregnancy and the postpartum period. CONCLUSION Health policies should strengthen PA promotion among pregnant women with detailed evidence-based guidelines on PA during postpartum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Ruart
- Université des Antilles, Laboratoire ACTES UPRES-EA3596, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Stéphane Sinnapah
- Université des Antilles, Laboratoire ACTES UPRES-EA3596, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
| | - Olivier Hue
- Université des Antilles, Laboratoire ACTES UPRES-EA3596, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France
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Dean MD, Amaya KA, Hall J, Gupta KM, Panik RT, Gustat J, Cradock AL. Safe streets for some: A review of local active transportation responses across the U.S. during the COVID-19 pandemic. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2023; 30:101603. [PMID: 37069843 PMCID: PMC10060196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2023.101603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction & research objectives The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted daily travel. This paper contrasts 51 US cities' responses, namely street reallocation criteria and messaging related to physical activity (PA) and active transportation (AT) during the early months of the pandemic. This study can be utilized by cities for aiding in the creation of locally responsive policies that acknowledge and remedy a lack of safe active transportation. Methods A content analysis review was conducted of city orders and documents related to PA or AT for the largest city by population in all 50 US states and the District of Columbia. Authoritative documents issued from each city's public health declaration (ca. March 2020) to September 2020 were reviewed. The study obtained documents from two crowdsourced datasets and municipal websites. Descriptive statistics were used to compare policies and strategies, with a focus on reallocation of street space. Results A total of 631 documents were coded. Considerable variation existed in city responses to COVID-19 that impacted PA and AT. Most cities' stay-at-home orders explicitly permitted outdoor PA (63%) and many encouraged PA (47%). As the pandemic continued, 23 cities (45%) had pilot programs that reallocated street space for non-motorized road users to recreate and travel. Most cities explicitly mentioned a rationale for the programs (e.g., to provide space for exercise (96%) and to alleviate crowding or provide safe AT routes (57%)). Cities used public feedback to guide placement decisions (35%) and several welcomed public input to adjust initial actions. Geographic equity was a criterion in 35% of programs and 57% considered inadequately sized infrastructure in decision-making. Conclusions If cities want to emphasize AT and the health of their citizens, safe access to dedicated infrastructure needs to be prioritized. More than half of study cities did not instate new programs within the first 6 months of the pandemic. Cities should study peer responses and innovations to inform and create locally responsive policies that can acknowledge and remedy a lack of safe AT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Dean
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, E. Cockrell Jr. Hall, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kaelin A Amaya
- School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Jennifer Hall
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, E. Cockrell Jr. Hall, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Kalinda Marie Gupta
- School of Public Health, University of Illinois Chicago, 1603 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Rachael T Panik
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 790 Atlantic Drive, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Jeanette Gustat
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2001, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Angie L Cradock
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, 7th Floor, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
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Abildso CG, Dyer AM, Daily SM, Lilly C, Sarkees EA, Moyers SI, Bias TK. Factors Associated with Physical Activity Increases and Decreases Among a Sample of Appalachian Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. JOURNAL OF APPALACHIAN HEALTH 2023; 5:38-58. [PMID: 38023109 PMCID: PMC10629888 DOI: 10.13023/jah.0501.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Physical activity (PA) can prevent and reduce the deleterious physical and mental health effects of COVID-19 and associated lockdowns. Research conducted early in the pandemic demonstrates that a greater proportion of adults in the U.S. have decreased than increased PA, and the effects vary by sociodemographic factors. Ongoing evidence is important to identify patterns in PA changes during the pandemic. Purpose This study aims to identify factors associated with increases and decreases in PA during the COVID-19 pandemic in a convenience sample of adults residing in Appalachia. Methods: Surveys were collected from a convenience sample of adults from eight counties in West Virginia from January to March 2021. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify sociodemographic, health, and rurality factors associated with (1) increased PA and (2) decreased PA during the pandemic, assessed retrospectively via self-report. Results Analysis of 1,401 survey responses revealed that better self-rated health, lower body mass index, and higher income and education were associated with a greater likelihood of more time spent doing PA during the pandemic ( p ≤ .05). Respondents with lower self-rated health, higher body mass index, lower income, and lower levels of education-plus females and those living in a more urban county-were more likely to spend less time doing PA during the pandemic ( p ≤ .05). Implications Analyses suggest that pre-pandemic disparities in PA by health, wealth, and education were exacerbated during the pandemic. These must be addressed before physical inactivity and ill health become endemic to the Appalachian Region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shay M Daily
- West Virginia University Office of Health Affairs
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Design Process and Implementation of Teacher Training Modules in Movement Integration: What Have We Learnt? SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence shows that the current level of children’s physical activity (PA) is insufficient. Schools along with academic lessons can offer an effective avenue to increase children’s physical activity and decrease sedentary time. Teacher training in movement integration (MI) has been emphasized as an important strategy in facilitating less sedentary and more physically active lessons. The aim of this study was to explore the design process for developing a teacher training module for MI and its implementation within the comprehensive, school-based, physical activity program. Flexible co-creation methods with teachers were applied. Process evaluation was conducted through individual feedback surveys, observations in schools, evaluating the teacher’s MI mapping timetable, group feedback, and a follow-up study. The two-day module, a practical and flexible approach, ready-to-use resources, allocated time and autonomy for practice, communication with other teachers, and a whole school approach aligned with teachers’ needs are identified as key elements. A follow-up study after the training showed significant changes in teachers’ practices regarding the use of MI in the classroom. The study offers important insights into the design process and its successes and failures. The lessons learnt, a final model of designed seminars, and a toolbox of materials are presented.
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Changes in Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Lifestyle Behaviors Following COVID-19 Shelter-in-Place: A Retrospective Study. Foods 2021; 10:foods10112553. [PMID: 34828834 PMCID: PMC8619493 DOI: 10.3390/foods10112553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption poses a potential risk to public health and may be related to shelter-in-place orders. This study utilized the level of food processing as a lens by which to examine the relationships between diet, weight change, and lifestyle changes (including cooking, snacking, and sedentary activity) that occurred during regional shelter-in-place orders. This study used a cross-sectional, retrospective survey (n = 589) to assess baseline demographics, changes in lifestyle behaviors using a Likert scale, and changes in dietary behaviors using a modified food frequency questionnaire from mid-March to May 2020; data were collected in the California Bay Area from August to October 2020. Foods were categorized by level of processing (minimally processed, processed, and ultra-processed) using the NOVA scale. Stepwise multiple linear regression and univariate linear regression models were used to determine the associations between these factors. Increased snacking was positively associated with a change in the percent of the calories derived from UPF and weight gain (β = 1.0, p < 0.001; β = 0.8 kg, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with the share of MPF calories consumed (β = −0.9, p < 0.001). These relationships have public health implications as interventions designed around decreased snacking may positively impact diet and weight management and thereby mitigate negative health outcomes.
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Lim S, Kong APS, Tuomilehto J. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic and related quarantine procedures on metabolic risk. Prim Care Diabetes 2021; 15:745-750. [PMID: 34312109 PMCID: PMC8286866 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has changed the lives of many people across the globe. In addition to the effect of the virus on the biological functions in those infected individuals, many countries have launched government policy with additional impact of these quarantine procedures on the metabolic health of many people worldwide. This mini-review aimed to highlight current evidence regarding the influence of metabolic health due to these quarantine procedures including decrease in physical activity, changes in unhealthy eating habits, increase in stress, and provide recommendations of healthy lifestyle during COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Alice Pik-Shan Kong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
| | - Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Public Health Promotion Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Diabetes Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Cross TJ, Isautier JMJ, Stamatakis E, Morris SJ, Johnson BD, Wheatley-Guy C, Taylor BJ. Self-reported physical activity before a COVID-19 'lockdown': is it just a matter of opinion? BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2021; 7:e001088. [PMID: 34192013 PMCID: PMC8103558 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are growing concerns that the COVID-19 pandemic has facilitated a sedentary shift in our physical activity habits. A reduction in physical activity during the pandemic may be secondary to restrictive policies implemented at the government-level, typically those policies which limit interpersonal contact; for example, physical/social distancing. It is without question that social distancing is a necessary measure to mitigate community transmission of the novel virus; however, these policies often limit the public's opportunities to engage in physical activity. The strictest enforcement of social distancing occurs during an authority-mandated 'lockdown' (also known as a 'shelter-in-place' or 'stay-at-home' order). This Viewpoint focuses on the current evidence demonstrating that physical activity declines during a COVID-19 'lockdown'. We highlight the point that most of the available evidence stems from investigations using non-validated, self-reported measures of physical activity and discuss the caveats therewith. This Viewpoint explores whether current evidence reflects an 'actual' or rather a 'perceived' reduction in physical activity, and raises the question of whether this distinction matters in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy J Cross
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jennifer M J Isautier
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Jane Morris
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce D Johnson
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Bryan J Taylor
- Mayo Clinic Hospital Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
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Joseph RP, Pituch KA, Guest MA, Maxfield M, Peckham A, Coon DW, Kim W, Langer SL. Physical Activity Among Predominantly White Middle-Aged and Older US Adults During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: Results From a National Longitudinal Survey. Front Public Health 2021; 9:652197. [PMID: 33928065 PMCID: PMC8076643 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.652197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The first COVID-19 case in the US was diagnosed late January 2020. In the subsequent months, cases grew exponentially. By March 2020, SARS-CoV-2 (the novel coronavirus that causes COVID-19) was a global pandemic and the US declared a national emergency. To mitigate transmission, federal guidelines were established for social and physical distancing. These events disrupted daily routines of individuals around the world, including Americans. The impact of the pandemic on PA patterns of Americans is largely unknown, especially among those at greater risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess levels of PA over time during the pandemic among US adults aged >50 years. Methods: Data were collected as part of a web-based, longitudinal, 3-wave study examining health and well-being among adults aged > 50. PA data were collected at Waves 2 and 3 using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). At Wave 2 (conducted mid-May to early June, 2020), participants completed the IPAQ-SF twice, once in reference to a typical 7-day period before the pandemic, and again in reference to the past 7 days. At Wave 3 (conducted mid-June to early July 2020), participants completed the IPAQ-SF once, with reference to the past 7 days. Potential predictors of PA change were collected using items from previously established surveys and included demographic characteristics, pre-pandemic PA levels, perceived COVID-19 threat, self-rated general health, and number of chronic disease conditions. Results: Respondents (N = 589) had a mean age of 63 ± 7.39 years and were mostly female (88%) and non-Hispanic White (96%). Mean MET-min/week across the three time-referents were 2,904 (pre-pandemic), 1,682 (Wave 2 past 7-days), and 2,001 (Wave 3 past 7-days), with PA declining between the first and second time referents (d = -0.45, p < 0.001) and remaining below pre-pandemic levels at the third (d = -0.34, p < 0.001). Changes over time were predicted by pre-pandemic PA and self-rated general health (p's < .05). Conclusions: Effective strategies are needed to promote safe and socially-distanced PA among adults aged >50 years until the risk of contracting COVID-19 subsides. In the post-pandemic era, PA programming will be imperative to address pandemic-associated declines in PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney P. Joseph
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Keenan A. Pituch
- Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - M. Aaron Guest
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Molly Maxfield
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Allie Peckham
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - David W. Coon
- Center for Innovation in Healthy and Resilient Aging, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Wonsun Kim
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Shelby L. Langer
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
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Li H, Chen X, Fang Y. The Development Strategy of Home-Based Exercise in China Based on the SWOT-AHP Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18031224. [PMID: 33572996 PMCID: PMC7908455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In view of the increasing importance of sports to people and the impact of COVID-19 on people’s lives, home-based exercise has become a popular choice for people to keep fit due to its unique advantages and its popularity is expected to keep growing in the future. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the development direction of home-based exercise and put in the corresponding efforts. However, there is currently a lack of research on all aspects of home-based exercise. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effective sustainable development strategy of home-based exercise in China through a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) and AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) hybrid model. Thirteen factors corresponding to the SWOT analysis were identified through a literature review and expert opinions. The results show that in China the advantages and potential outweigh the weaknesses and threats of home-based exercise. Home-based exercise should grasp the external development opportunities and choose the SO development strategic type that combines internal strengths and external opportunities. As the core for the development of home-based exercise, this strategy should be given priority. To sum up, home-based exercise is believed to have a bright future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanming Li
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
| | - Xingquan Chen
- College of Physical Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Yiwei Fang
- Department of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA;
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