1
|
Puga T, Liu Y, Xiao P, Dai R, Dai HD. Genetic and environmental influence on alcohol intent and alcohol sips among U.S. children-Effects across sex, race, and ethnicity. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298456. [PMID: 38359015 PMCID: PMC10868864 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol intent (the susceptibility to initiating alcohol use) and alcohol sips (the initiation of alcohol) in youth are a multifactorial puzzle with many components. This research aims to examine the connection between genetic and environmental factors across sex, race and ethnicity. METHODS Data was obtained from the twin hub of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study at baseline (2016-2018). Variance component models were conducted to dissect the additive genetic (A), common (C) and unique environmental (E) effects on alcohol traits. The proportion of the total alcohol phenotypic variation attributable to additive genetic factors is reported as heritability (h2). RESULTS The sample (n = 1,772) included an approximately equal male-female distribution. The 886 same-sex twin pairs were 60.4% dizygotic (DZ), 39.6% monozygotic (MZ), 65.4% non-Hispanic Whites, 13.9% non-Hispanic Blacks, 10.8% of Hispanics with a mean age of 121.2 months. Overall, genetic predisposition was moderate for alcohol intent (h2 = 28%, p = .006) and low for alcohol initiation (h2 = 4%, p = 0.83). Hispanics (h2 = 53%, p < .0001) and Blacks (h2 = 48%, p < .0001) demonstrated higher alcohol intent due to additive genetic factors than Whites (h2 = 34%, p < .0001). Common environmental factors explained more variation in alcohol sips in females (c2 = 63%, p = .001) than in males (c2 = 55%, p = .003). Unique environmental factors largely attributed to alcohol intent, while common environmental factors explained the substantial variation in alcohol initiation. CONCLUSION Sex and racial/ethnic disparities in genetic and environmental risk factors for susceptibility to alcohol initiation can lead to significant health disparities. Certain populations may be at greater risk for alcohol use due to their genetic and ecological factors at an early age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Troy Puga
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kansas City University, Kanas City, MO, United States of America
| | - Yadi Liu
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Peng Xiao
- Dept. of Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Ran Dai
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| | - Hongying Daisy Dai
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fredj MB, Bennasrallah C, Amor I, Trimech F, Abroug H, Zemni I, Dhouib W, Kacem M, Bouanene I, Sriha AB. Associations of psychological factors, parental involvement, and adverse health behaviors with bullying among tunisian middle school students. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:154. [PMID: 37173773 PMCID: PMC10182717 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bullying is a serious problem that significantly affect adolescent well-being and health, needing the attention of teachers, school administrators, parents and public health professionals. In this study, we aimed at estimating the prevalence of bullying, from the perspective of victims in middle school students in the region of Monastir Tunisia, as well as analyzing its association with individual and family context variables. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study conducted in December 2017 and January 2018 among a sample of students from two middle schools in the region of Monastir (Tunisia), using the Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) self-answered questionnaire. We defined bullying victimization as being bullied in at least one day in the previous 30 days. Binary logistic regression model was used to identify factors associated with being bullied. RESULTS Out of 802 students included in this study, nearly half (43.4%) reported having been bullied in the past month with CI 95%: 38.9-48.2. Gender did not interact with this behavior: (44.5%; CI 95%: 38.1-51.7) in boys versus (43.4% ; CI 95%: 37.2-50.2) in girls. Univariate analysis indicated significant differences regarding some individual factors such as physical fight, cigarette smoking, feeling lonely and being worried, in terms of prevalence of being bully victims. There were no significant differences in parental factors between the two groups (being bullied or not). Multivariate analysis showed the following factors as independently associated with bullying: being involved in physical fight (OR = 2.4; CI95%:1.77-3.25), feeling lonely (OR = 3.38; CI95% :2.04-5.57) and being worried (OR = 2.23; CI 95%:1.44-3.43). CONCLUSION Bullying victimization was common among school-going adolescents and was linked with physical fight and psychosocial distress. This study highlights the need for school-based violence prevention programs to address this problem among the students.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ben Fredj
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory "Technology and Medical Imaging", Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Cyrine Bennasrallah
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.
- Research Laboratory "Technology and Medical Imaging", Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Ines Amor
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory "Technology and Medical Imaging", Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Faouzia Trimech
- Directorate of school and university medicine of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hela Abroug
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Imen Zemni
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Dhouib
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Meriem Kacem
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory "Technology and Medical Imaging", Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ines Bouanene
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Asma Belguith Sriha
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
- Research Laboratory "Technology and Medical Imaging", Monastir, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen W, Yu Z, Wang L, Gross D. Examining Childhood Adversities in Chinese Health Science Students Using the Simplified Chinese Version of the Adverse Childhood Experiences-International Questionnaire (SC-ACE-IQ). ADVERSITY AND RESILIENCE SCIENCE 2022; 3:335-346. [PMID: 36278243 PMCID: PMC9580443 DOI: 10.1007/s42844-022-00076-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent, costly, and associated with poor health outcomes in adults. Little is known about ACE prevalence rates or strategies for measuring ACEs among young adults in Mainland China. The aims of this study were to (a) translate the ACE-International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) into Simplified Chinese, (b) assess the psychometric strength of the Simplified Chinese version of the ACE-IQ (SC-ACE-IQ), and (c) compare SC-ACE-IQ scores calculated using binary and frequency scoring methods. The ACE-IQ was translated from English to Simplified Chinese and evaluated for content validity, criterion validity, and test–retest reliability. Chinese young adults (n = 566) aged 18–38 years who were health science students were recruited in Shanghai, China from May to August 2020. ACE exposures were compared using binary and frequency scoring methods, as proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The SC-ACE-IQ has good content validity (S-CVI = 0.89) and test–retest reliability (ICC = 0.88). SC-ACE-IQ scores were associated with depressive (binary: r = 0.26, frequency: r = 0.29; p < 0.001) and anxiety (binary: r = 0.22, frequency: r = 0.24; p < 0.001) symptoms. Higher proportion of participants reported exposure to at least one ACE and four or more ACEs when using the binary scoring method compared to the frequency scoring method. The SC-ACE-IQ is a valid and reliable ACE measure for Chinese health science students. Using frequency methods may underestimate exposure to ACEs among this population. Researchers should carefully select scoring methods for different study populations and purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Chen
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Lin Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deborah Gross
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Y, Yin Y, Zhang X, Ye J, Zhang J. Association of adverse childhood experiences with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Complications 2022; 36:108289. [PMID: 36067703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2022.108289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Further clarification is needed regarding the association between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and the risk of diabetes. To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of studies assessing the association between ACEs and the risk of diabetes. METHOD We conducted a systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for published studies describing the association between ACEs and diabetes in December 2021. We examined the overall relationship between ACEs and diabetes and performed a subgroup analysis based on the type of ACEs, number of ACEs, and gender. RESULTS A total of 17 studies were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed the significant estimated effect of ACEs on diabetes (OR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.07, 1.35). The subgroup analysis found a significant association between neglect (OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.11, 2.33), family dysfunction (OR = 1.14, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.24) and diabetes, respectively. Gender and the number of ACEs were factors that significantly affect the risk of diabetes. CONCLUSION The results suggest that ACEs were significantly associated with an elevated risk of diabetes, especially for exposure to neglect, family dysfunction, and two or more ACES. Effective ACEs screening for children and intervention among high-risk populations should be taken so as to reduce the incidence of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyin Zhang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Yuhuan Yin
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Jianying Ye
- School of Nursing, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
| | - Juxia Zhang
- Clinical Educational Department, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 730000.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pace CS, Muzi S, Rogier G, Meinero LL, Marcenaro S. The Adverse Childhood Experiences - International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) in community samples around the world: A systematic review (part I). CHILD ABUSE & NEGLECT 2022; 129:105640. [PMID: 35662684 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ) collects additional data (e.g., witness community violence/terrorism) than the previous version. Despite ACE-IQ is widely used and validated in several languages, no reviews focus on this measure. OBJECTIVE The main goals are to: 1) synthesize the ACE-IQ prevalence rates and average means among community samples, both for total ACE and single dimensions (e.g., intrafamily abuse, bullying); 2) discuss these data in light of the characteristics of studies and samples; 3) identify main research lines of the field. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING The search for studies using the ACE-IQ with community participants was conducted on seven academic databases, including retrieval of grey literature. The screening process led to include 63 documents. METHODS A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed. RESULTS 1) On average, 75% of community respondents experienced ACEs, with a mean of three, primarily emotional abuse and bullying. 2) Males experienced more ACEs, but they were underrepresented, as well as children and adolescents. Most studies were conducted in Asia or Africa, and different geographical areas showed different pathways of prevalence in subdimensions. 3) Most research focused on prevalence and relationships between ACE-IQ scores and respondents' mental and physical health, suicide and parenting, focusing on intrafamily ACEs more than on those outside the household. CONCLUSIONS Several issues emerged in terms of lack of reporting prevalence or means, lack of studies in Europe, America and Oceania, and no attention to collective/community/peer violence, plus a lack of consensus toward the dimensions of the ACE-IQ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Serena Pace
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Podestà 2, 16128 Genoa, Italy.
| | - Stefania Muzi
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Podestà 2, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Guyonne Rogier
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Podestà 2, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Lara Lia Meinero
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Podestà 2, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Sara Marcenaro
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Genoa, Corso Podestà 2, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|