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Forbes E, Hassien A, Tan RJ, Wang D, Lega B. Modulation of hippocampal theta oscillations via deep brain stimulation of the parietal cortex depends on cognitive state. Cortex 2024; 175:28-40. [PMID: 38691923 PMCID: PMC11221570 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The angular gyrus (AG) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) demonstrate extensive structural and functional connectivity with the hippocampus and other core recollection network regions. Consequently, recent studies have explored neuromodulation targeting these and other regions as a potential strategy for restoring function in memory disorders such as Alzheimer's Disease. However, determining the optimal approach for neuromodulatory devices requires understanding how parameters like selected stimulation site, cognitive state during modulation, and stimulation duration influence the effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) on electrophysiological features relevant to episodic memory. We report experimental data examining the effects of high-frequency stimulation delivered to the AG or PCC on hippocampal theta oscillations during the memory encoding (study) or retrieval (test) phases of an episodic memory task. Results showed selective enhancement of anterior hippocampal slow theta oscillations with stimulation of the AG preferentially during memory retrieval. Conversely, stimulation of the PCC attenuated slow theta oscillations. We did not observe significant behavioral effects in this (open-loop) stimulation experiment, suggesting that neuromodulation strategies targeting episodic memory performance may require more temporally precise stimulation approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Forbes
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
| | - Alexa Hassien
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
| | - Ryan Joseph Tan
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
| | - David Wang
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
| | - Bradley Lega
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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Davila CE, Wang DX, Ritzer M, Moran R, Lega BC. A Control-Theoretical System for Modulating Hippocampal Gamma Oscillations using Stimulation of the Posterior Cingulate Cortex. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2022; 30:2242-2253. [PMID: 35849675 PMCID: PMC9469793 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2022.3192170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Closed-loop stimulation for targeted modulation of brain signals has emerged as a promising strategy for episodic memory restoration. In parallel, closed-loop neuromodulation strategies have been applied to treat brain conditions including drug-resistant depression, Parkinson’s Disease, and epilepsy. In this study, we seek to apply control theoretical principles to achieve closed loop modulation of hippocampal oscillatory activity. We focus on hippocampal gamma power, a signal with an established association for episodic memory processing, which may be a promising ‘biomarker’ for the modulation of memory performance. To develop a closed-loop stimulation paradigm that effectively modulates hippocampal gamma power, we use a novel data-set in which open-loop stimulation was applied to the posterior cingulate cortex and hippocampal gamma power was recorded during the encoding of episodic memories. The dataset was used to design and evaluate a linear quadratic integral (LQI) servo-controller in order to determine its viability for in-vivo use. In our simulation framework, we demonstrate that applying an LQI servo controller based on an autoregressive with exogenous input (ARX) plant model achieves effective control of hippocampal gamma power in 15 out of 17 experimental subjects. We demonstrate that we are able to modulate gamma power using stimulation thresholds that are physiologically safe and on time scales that are reasonable for application in a clinical system. We outline further experimentation to test our proposed system and compare our findings to emerging closed-loop neuromodulation strategies.
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Johnson EL, Yin Q, O'Hara NB, Tang L, Jeong JW, Asano E, Ofen N. Dissociable oscillatory theta signatures of memory formation in the developing brain. Curr Biol 2022; 32:1457-1469.e4. [PMID: 35172128 PMCID: PMC9007830 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding complex human brain functions is critically informed by studying such functions during development. Here, we addressed a major gap in models of human memory by leveraging rare direct electrophysiological recordings from children and adolescents. Specifically, memory relies on interactions between the medial temporal lobe (MTL) and prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the maturation of these interactions is posited to play a key role in supporting memory development. To understand the nature of MTL-PFC interactions, we examined subdural recordings from MTL and PFC in 21 neurosurgical patients aged 5.9-20.5 years as they performed an established scene memory task. We determined signatures of memory formation by comparing the study of subsequently recognized to forgotten scenes in single trials. Results establish that MTL and PFC interact via two distinct theta mechanisms, an ∼3-Hz oscillation that supports amplitude coupling and slows down with age and an ∼7-Hz oscillation that supports phase coupling and speeds up with age. Slow and fast theta interactions immediately preceding scene onset further explained age-related differences in recognition performance. Last, with additional diffusion imaging data, we linked both functional mechanisms to the structural maturation of the cingulum tract. Our findings establish system-level dynamics of memory formation and suggest that MTL and PFC interact via increasingly dissociable mechanisms as memory improves across development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Johnson
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Departments of Medical Social Sciences and Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
| | - Qin Yin
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Nolan B O'Hara
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Lingfei Tang
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Jeong-Won Jeong
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Eishi Asano
- Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Noa Ofen
- Life-Span Cognitive Neuroscience Program, Institute of Gerontology and Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
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Ayhan F, Kulkarni A, Berto S, Sivaprakasam K, Douglas C, Lega BC, Konopka G. Resolving cellular and molecular diversity along the hippocampal anterior-to-posterior axis in humans. Neuron 2021; 109:2091-2105.e6. [PMID: 34051145 PMCID: PMC8273123 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus supports many facets of cognition, including learning, memory, and emotional processing. Anatomically, the hippocampus runs along a longitudinal axis, posterior to anterior in primates. The structure, function, and connectivity of the hippocampus vary along this axis. In human hippocampus, longitudinal functional heterogeneity remains an active area of investigation, and structural heterogeneity has not been described. To understand the cellular and molecular diversity along the hippocampal long axis in human brain and define molecular signatures corresponding to functional domains, we performed single-nuclei RNA sequencing on surgically resected human anterior and posterior hippocampus from epilepsy patients, identifying differentially expressed genes at cellular resolution. We further identify axis- and cell-type-specific gene expression signatures that differentially intersect with human genetic signals, identifying cell-type-specific genes in the posterior hippocampus for cognitive function and the anterior hippocampus for mood and affect. These data are accessible as a public resource through an interactive website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ayhan
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Stefano Berto
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Connor Douglas
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Bradley C Lega
- Department of Neurosurgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| | - Genevieve Konopka
- Department of Neuroscience, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Im S, Lee J, Kim S. Preliminary Comparison of Subcortical Structures in Elderly Subclinical Depression: Structural Analysis with 3T MRI. Exp Neurobiol 2021; 30:183-202. [PMID: 33972469 PMCID: PMC8118753 DOI: 10.5607/en20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression in the elderly population has shown increased likelihood of neurological disorders due to structural changes in the subcortical area. However, further investigation into depression related subcortical changes is needed due to mismatches in structural analysis results between studies as well as scarcities in research regarding subcortical connectivity patterns of subclinical depression populations. This study aims to investigate structural differences in subcortical regions of aged participants with subclinical depression using 3Tesla MRI. In structural analysis, volumes of each subcortical region were measured to observe the volumetric difference and asymmetry between groups, but no significant difference was found. In addition, fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) did not show any significant differences between groups. Structural analysis using probabilistic tractography indicated that the connection strength between left nucleus accumbens-right hippocampus, and right thalamus-right caudate was higher in the control group than the subclinical depression group. The differences in subcortical connection strength of subclinical depression groups, have shown to correlate with emotional and cognitive disorders, such as anxiety and memory impairment. We believe that the analysis of structural differences and cross-regional network measures in subcortical structures can help identify neurophysiological changes occurring in subclinical depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- SangJin Im
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer & Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Siekyeong Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Zhou G, Olofsson JK, Koubeissi MZ, Menelaou G, Rosenow J, Schuele SU, Xu P, Voss JL, Lane G, Zelano C. Human hippocampal connectivity is stronger in olfaction than other sensory systems. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 201:102027. [PMID: 33640412 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
During mammalian evolution, primate neocortex expanded, shifting hippocampal functional networks away from primary sensory cortices, towards association cortices. Reflecting this rerouting, human resting hippocampal functional networks preferentially include higher association cortices, while those in rodents retained primary sensory cortices. Research on human visual, auditory and somatosensory systems shows evidence of this rerouting. Olfaction, however, is unique among sensory systems in its relative structural conservation throughout mammalian evolution, and it is unknown whether human primary olfactory cortex was subject to the same rerouting. We combined functional neuroimaging and intracranial electrophysiology to directly compare hippocampal functional networks across human sensory systems. We show that human primary olfactory cortex-including the anterior olfactory nucleus, olfactory tubercle and piriform cortex-has stronger functional connectivity with hippocampal networks at rest, compared to other sensory systems. This suggests that unlike other sensory systems, olfactory-hippocampal connectivity may have been retained in mammalian evolution. We further show that olfactory-hippocampal connectivity oscillates with nasal breathing. Our findings suggest olfaction might provide insight into how memory and cognition depend on hippocampal interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyu Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Jonas K Olofsson
- Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan S. Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY, USA; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Joshua Rosenow
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephan U Schuele
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Pengfei Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China; Center for Neuroimaging, Shenzhen Institute of Neuroscience, Shenzhen, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Research Institute for Neuroscience and Neurotechnologies, Kwun Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Joel L Voss
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Lane
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Christina Zelano
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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Wang DX, Schmitt K, Seger S, Davila CE, Lega BC. Cross-regional phase amplitude coupling supports the encoding of episodic memories. Hippocampus 2021; 31:481-492. [PMID: 33544408 DOI: 10.1002/hipo.23309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phase amplitude coupling (PAC) between theta and gamma oscillations represents a key neurophysiological mechanism that promotes the temporal organization of oscillatory activity. For this reason, PAC has been implicated in item/context integration for episodic processes, including coordinating activity across multiple cortical regions. While data in humans has focused principally on PAC within a single brain region, data in rodents has revealed evidence that the phase of the hippocampal theta oscillation modulates gamma oscillations in the cortex (and vice versa). This pattern, termed cross-regional PAC (xPAC), has not previously been observed in human subjects engaged in mnemonic processing. We use a unique dataset with intracranial electrodes inserted simultaneously into the hippocampus and seven cortical regions across 40 human subjects to (1) test for the presence of significant cross-regional PAC (xPAC), (2) to establish that the magnitude of xPAC predicts memory encoding success, (3) to describe specific frequencies within the broad 2-9 Hz theta range that govern hippocampal-cortical interactions in xPAC, and (4) compare anterior versus posterior hippocampal xPAC patterns. We find that strong functional xPAC occurs principally between the hippocampus and other mesial temporal structures, namely entorhinal and parahippocampal cortices, and that xPAC is overall stronger for posterior hippocampal connections. We also show that our results are not confounded by alternative factors such as inter-regional phase synchrony, local PAC occurring within cortical regions, or artifactual theta oscillatory waveforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David X Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kelsey Schmitt
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah Seger
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Carlos E Davila
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Bradley C Lega
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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