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Park EJ, Yang MJ, Kang MS, Jo YM, Yoon C, Lee Y, Kim DW, Lee GH, Kwon IH, Kim JB. Subchronic pulmonary toxicity of ambient particles containing cement production-related elements. Toxicol Rep 2023; 11:116-128. [PMID: 37520773 PMCID: PMC10372185 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory disease is among the most common non-communicable diseases, and particulate materials (PM) are a major risk factor. Meanwhile, evidence of the relationship between the physicochemical characteristics of PM and pulmonary toxicity mechanism is still limited. Here, we collected particles (CPM) from the air of a port city adjacent to a cement factory, and we found that the CPM contained various elements, including heavy metals (such as arsenic, thallium, barium, and zirconium) which are predicted to have originated from a cement plant adjacent to the sampling site. We also delivered the CPM intratracheally to mice for 13 weeks to investigate the pulmonary toxicity of inhaled CPM. CPM-induced chronic inflammatory lesions with an increased total number of cells in the lung of mice. Meanwhile, among inflammatory mediators measured in this study, levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, CXCL-1, and IFN-γ were elevated in the treated group compared with the controls. Considering that the alveolar macrophage (known as dust cell) is a professional phagocyte that is responsible for the clearance of PM from the respiratory surfaces, we also investigated cellular responses following exposure to CPM in MH-S cells, a mouse alveolar macrophage cell line. CPM inhibited cell proliferation and formed autophagosome-like vacuoles. Intracellular calcium accumulation and oxidative stress, and altered expression of pyrimidine metabolism- and olfactory transduction-related genes were observed in CPM-treated cells. More interestingly, type I-LC3B and full-length PARP proteins were not replenished in CPM-treated cells, and cell cycle changes, apoptotic and necrotic cell death, and caspase-3 cleavage were not significantly detected in cells exposed to CPM. Taken together, we conclude that dysfunction of alveolar macrophages may contribute to CPM-induced pulmonary inflammation. In addition, given the possible transformation of heart tissue observed in CPM-treated mice, we suggest that further study is needed to clarify the systemic pathological changes and the molecular mechanisms following chronic exposure to CPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- College of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Human Health and Environmental Toxins Research Center, Kyung Hee University, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yang
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Sung Kang
- Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongup 56212, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Technology, Graduate school, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Jo
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Global Campus, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolho Yoon
- Ochang Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseo Lee
- College of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Hwan Kwon
- Safety Measurement Institute, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Bae Kim
- School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Han D, Chen R, Kan H, Xu Y. The bio-distribution, clearance pathways, and toxicity mechanisms of ambient ultrafine particles. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2023; 2:95-106. [PMID: 38074989 PMCID: PMC10702920 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Ambient particles severely threaten human health worldwide. Compared to larger particles, ultrafine particles (UFPs) are highly concentrated in ambient environments, have a larger specific surface area, and are retained for a longer time in the lung. Recent studies have found that they can be transported into various extra-pulmonary organs by crossing the air-blood barrier (ABB). Therefore, to understand the adverse effects of UFPs, it is crucial to thoroughly investigate their bio-distribution and clearance pathways in vivo after inhalation, as well as their toxicological mechanisms. This review highlights emerging evidence on the bio-distribution of UFPs in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary organs. It explores how UFPs penetrate the ABB, the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and the placental barrier (PB) and subsequently undergo clearance by the liver, kidney, or intestine. In addition, the potential underlying toxicological mechanisms of UFPs are summarized, providing fundamental insights into how UFPs induce adverse health effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyang Han
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yanyi Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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3
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Mazumder MHH, Gandhi J, Majumder N, Wang L, Cumming RI, Stradtman S, Velayutham M, Hathaway QA, Shannahan J, Hu G, Nurkiewicz TR, Tighe RM, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Lung-gut axis of microbiome alterations following co-exposure to ultrafine carbon black and ozone. Part Fibre Toxicol 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37085867 PMCID: PMC10122302 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-023-00528-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial dysbiosis is a potential mediator of air pollution-induced adverse outcomes. However, a systemic comparison of the lung and gut microbiome alterations and lung-gut axis following air pollution exposure is scant. In this study, we exposed male C57BL/6J mice to inhaled air, CB (10 mg/m3), O3 (2 ppm) or CB + O3 mixture for 3 h/day for either one day or four consecutive days and were euthanized 24 h post last exposure. The lung and gut microbiome were quantified by 16 s sequencing. RESULTS Multiple CB + O3 exposures induced an increase in the lung inflammatory cells (neutrophils, eosinophils and B lymphocytes), reduced absolute bacterial load in the lungs and increased load in the gut. CB + O3 exposure was more potent as it decreased lung microbiome alpha diversity just after a single exposure. CB + O3 co-exposure uniquely increased Clostridiaceae and Prevotellaceae in the lungs. Serum short chain fatty acids (SCFA) (acetate and propionate) were increased significantly only after CB + O3 co-exposure. A significant increase in SCFA producing bacterial families (Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Eubacterium) were also observed in the gut after multiple exposures. Co-exposure induced significant alterations in the gut derived metabolite receptors/mediator (Gcg, Glp-1r, Cck) mRNA expression. Oxidative stress related mRNA expression in lungs, and oxidant levels in the BALF, serum and gut significantly increased after CB + O3 exposures. CONCLUSION Our study confirms distinct gut and lung microbiome alterations after CB + O3 inhalation co-exposure and indicate a potential homeostatic shift in the gut microbiome to counter deleterious impacts of environmental exposures on metabolic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Jasleen Gandhi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert Ian Cumming
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Sydney Stradtman
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Quincy A Hathaway
- Heart and Vascular Institute, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jonathan Shannahan
- School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Gangqing Hu
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Robert M Tighe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, 2927, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.
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4
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Majumder N, Kodali V, Velayutham M, Goldsmith T, Amedro J, Khramtsov VV, Erdely A, Nurkiewicz TR, Harkema JR, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Aerosol physicochemical determinants of carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure induced pulmonary toxicity. Toxicol Sci 2023; 191:61-78. [PMID: 36303316 PMCID: PMC9887725 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfac113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Air pollution accounts for more than 7 million premature deaths worldwide. Using ultrafine carbon black (CB) and ozone (O3) as a model for an environmental co-exposure scenario, the dose response relationships in acute pulmonary injury and inflammation were determined by generating, characterizing, and comparing stable concentrations of CB aerosols (2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/m3), O3 (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 ppm) with mixture CB + O3 (2.5 + 0.5, 5.0 + 1.0, 10.0 + 2.0). C57BL6 male mice were exposed for 3 h by whole body inhalation and acute toxicity determined after 24 h. CB itself did not cause any alteration, however, a dose response in pulmonary injury/inflammation was observed with O3 and CB + O3. This increase in response with mixtures was not dependent on the uptake but was due to enhanced reactivity of the particles. Benchmark dose modeling showed several-fold increase in potency with CB + O3 compared with CB or O3 alone. Principal component analysis provided insight into response relationships between various doses and treatments. There was a significant correlation in lung responses with charge-based size distribution, total/alveolar deposition, oxidant generation, and antioxidant depletion potential. Lung tissue gene/protein response demonstrated distinct patterns that are better predicted by either particle dose/aerosol responses (interleukin-1β, keratinocyte chemoattractant, transforming growth factor beta) or particle reactivity (thymic stromal lymphopoietin, interleukin-13, interleukin-6). Hierarchical clustering showed a distinct signature with high dose and a similarity in mRNA expression pattern of low and medium doses of CB + O3. In conclusion, we demonstrate that the biological outcomes from CB + O3 co-exposure are significantly greater than individual exposures over a range of aerosol concentrations and aerosol characteristics can predict biological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Vamsi Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Travis Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Jessica Amedro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506, USA
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, West Virginia 26508, USA
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5
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Grytting VS, Chand P, Låg M, Øvrevik J, Refsnes M. The pro-inflammatory effects of combined exposure to diesel exhaust particles and mineral particles in human bronchial epithelial cells. Part Fibre Toxicol 2022; 19:14. [PMID: 35189914 PMCID: PMC8862321 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-022-00455-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People are exposed to ambient particulate matter (PM) from multiple sources simultaneously in both environmental and occupational settings. However, combinatory effects of particles from different sources have received little attention in experimental studies. In the present study, the pro-inflammatory effects of combined exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and mineral particles, two common PM constituents, were explored in human lung epithelial cells.
Methods Particle-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (CXCL8 and IL-1β) and changes in expression of genes related to inflammation (CXCL8, IL-1α, IL-1β and COX-2), redox responses (HO-1) and xenobiotic metabolism (CYP1A1 and CYP1B1) were assessed in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC3-KT) after combined exposure to different samples of DEP and mineral particles. Combined exposure was also conducted using lipophilic organic extracts of DEP to assess the contribution of soluble organic chemicals. Moreover, the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway was assessed using an AhR-specific inhibitor (CH223191). Results Combined exposure to DEP and mineral particles induced increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines and expression of genes related to inflammation and redox responses in HBEC3-KT cells that were greater than either particle sample alone. Moreover, robust increases in the expression of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 were observed. The effects were most pronounced after combined exposure to α-quartz and DEP from an older fossil diesel, but enhanced responses were also observed using DEP generated from a modern biodiesel blend and several stone particle samples of mixed mineral composition. Moreover, the effect of combined exposure on cytokine secretion could also be induced by lipophilic organic extracts of DEP. Pre-incubation with an AhR-specific inhibitor reduced the particle-induced cytokine responses, suggesting that the effects were at least partially dependent on AhR. Conclusions Exposure to DEP and mineral particles in combination induces enhanced pro-inflammatory responses in human bronchial epithelial cells compared with exposure to the individual particle samples. The effects are partly mediated through an AhR-dependent pathway and lipophilic organic chemicals in DEP appear to play a central role. These possible combinatory effects between different sources and components of PM warrant further attention and should also be considered when assessing measures to reduce PM-induced health effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12989-022-00455-0.
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Thomas BR, Tan XL, Javadzadeh S, Robinson EJ, McDonald BS, Krupiczojc MA, Rahman SR, Rahman S, Ahmed RA, Begum R, Khanam H, Kelsell DP, Grigg J, Knell RJ, O'Toole EA. Modeling of Temporal Exposure to the Ambient Environment and Eczema Severity. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 2:100062. [PMID: 34993502 PMCID: PMC8713123 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic eczema is a common and complex disease. Missing genetic hereditability and increasing prevalence in industrializing nations point toward an environmental driver. We investigated the temporal association of weather and pollution parameters with eczema severity. This cross-sectional clinical study was performed between May 2018 and March 2020 and is part of the Tower Hamlets Eczema Assessment. All participants had a diagnosis of eczema, lived in East London, were of Bangladeshi ethnicity, and were aged <31 years. The primary outcome was the probability of having an Eczema Area and Severity Index score > 10 after previous ambient exposure to commonly studied meteorological variables and pollutants. There were 430 participants in the groups with Eczema Area and Severity Index ≤ 10 and 149 in those with Eczema Area and Severity Index > 10. Using logistic generalized additive models and a model selection process, we found that tropospheric ozone averaged over the preceding 270 days was strongly associated with eczema severity alongside the exposure to fine particles with diameters of 2.5 μm or less (fine particulate matter) averaged over the preceding 120 days. In our models and analyses, fine particulate matter appeared to largely act in a supporting role to ozone. We show that long-term exposure to ground-level ozone at high levels has the strongest association with eczema severity.
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Key Words
- AIC, Akaike Information Criterion
- EASI, Eczema Area and Severity Index
- EseC, European Socio-Economic Classification
- GAM, generalized additive model
- IGA, Investigators Global Assessment
- MAv, moving average
- NO, nitric oxide
- NO2, nitrogen dioxide
- NOx, nitrogen oxide
- O3, ozone
- PM, particulate matter
- SCORAD, SCORing Atopic Dermatitis
- SE, standard error
- THEA, Tower Hamlets Eczema Assessment
- VOC, volatile organic compound
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjorn R Thomas
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiang L Tan
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shagayegh Javadzadeh
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth J Robinson
- Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bryan S McDonald
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malvina A Krupiczojc
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Syedia R Rahman
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Samiha Rahman
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rehana A Ahmed
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rubina Begum
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Habiba Khanam
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - David P Kelsell
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan Grigg
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J Knell
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Edel A O'Toole
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Dermatology, The Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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7
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Hathaway QA, Majumder N, Goldsmith WT, Kunovac A, Pinti MV, Harkema JR, Castranova V, Hollander JM, Hussain S. Transcriptomics of single dose and repeated carbon black and ozone inhalation co-exposure highlight progressive pulmonary mitochondrial dysfunction. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:44. [PMID: 34911549 PMCID: PMC8672524 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00437-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a complex mixture of particles and gases, yet current regulations are based on single toxicant levels failing to consider potential interactive outcomes of co-exposures. We examined transcriptomic changes after inhalation co-exposure to a particulate and a gaseous component of air pollution and hypothesized that co-exposure would induce significantly greater impairments to mitochondrial bioenergetics. A whole-body inhalation exposure to ultrafine carbon black (CB), and ozone (O3) was performed, and the impact of single and multiple exposures was studied at relevant deposition levels. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CB (10 mg/m3) and/or O3 (2 ppm) for 3 h (either a single exposure or four independent exposures). RNA was isolated from lungs and mRNA sequencing performed using the Illumina HiSeq. Lung pathology was evaluated by histology and immunohistochemistry. Electron transport chain (ETC) activities, electron flow, hydrogen peroxide production, and ATP content were assessed. RESULTS Compared to individual exposure groups, co-exposure induced significantly greater neutrophils and protein levels in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid as well as a significant increase in mRNA expression of oxidative stress and inflammation related genes. Similarly, a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide production was observed after co-exposure. After single and four exposures, co-exposure revealed a greater number of differentially expressed genes (2251 and 4072, respectively). Of these genes, 1188 (single exposure) and 2061 (four exposures) were uniquely differentially expressed, with 35 mitochondrial ETC mRNA transcripts significantly impacted after four exposures. Both O3 and co-exposure treatment significantly reduced ETC maximal activity for complexes I (- 39.3% and - 36.2%, respectively) and IV (- 55.1% and - 57.1%, respectively). Only co-exposure reduced ATP Synthase activity (- 35.7%) and total ATP content (30%). Further, the ability for ATP Synthase to function is limited by reduced electron flow (- 25%) and translation of subunits, such as ATP5F1, following co-exposure. CONCLUSIONS CB and O3 co-exposure cause unique transcriptomic changes in the lungs that are characterized by functional deficits to mitochondrial bioenergetics. Alterations to ATP Synthase function and mitochondrial electron flow underly a pathological adaptation to lung injury induced by co-exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy A Hathaway
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Nairrita Majumder
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA
| | - Amina Kunovac
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Mark V Pinti
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Vince Castranova
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - John M Hollander
- Division of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Mitochondria, Metabolism and Bioenergetics Working Group, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, 64 Medical Center Drive, PO Box 9229, Morgantown, WV, 26506-9229, USA.
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8
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Majumder N, Velayutham M, Bitounis D, Kodali VK, Hasan Mazumder MH, Amedro J, Khramtsov VV, Erdely A, Nurkiewicz T, Demokritou P, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Oxidized carbon black nanoparticles induce endothelial damage through C-X-C chemokine receptor 3-mediated pathway. Redox Biol 2021; 47:102161. [PMID: 34624601 PMCID: PMC8502956 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of engineered nanomaterials during application in various industrial sectors can alter their toxicity. Oxidized nanomaterials also have widespread industrial and biomedical applications. In this study, we evaluated the cardiopulmonary hazard posed by these nanomaterials using oxidized carbon black (CB) nanoparticles (CBox) as a model particle. Particle surface chemistry was characterized by X-ray photo electron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Colloidal characterization and in vitro dosimetry modeling (particle kinetics, fate and transport modeling) were performed. Lung inflammation was assessed following oropharyngeal aspiration of CB or oxidized CBox particles (20 μg per mouse) in C57BL/6J mice. Toxicity and functional assays were also performed on murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) and endothelial cell lines (C166) with and without pharmacological inhibitors. Oxidant generation was assessed by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and via flow cytometry. Endothelial toxicity was evaluated by quantifying pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, monolayer permeability, and wound closure. XPS and FTIR spectra indicated surface modifications, the appearance of new functionalities, and greater oxidative potential (both acellular and in vitro) of CBox particles. Treatment with CBox demonstrated greater in vivo inflammatory potentials (lavage neutrophil counts, secreted cytokine, and lung tissue mRNA expression) and air-blood barrier disruption (lavage proteins). Oxidant-dependent pro-inflammatory signaling in macrophages led to the production of CXCR3 ligands (CXCL9,10,11). Conditioned medium from CBox-treated macrophages induced significant elevation in endothelial cell pro-inflammatory mRNA expression, enhanced monolayer permeability and impairment of scratch healing in CXCR3 dependent manner. In summary, this study mechanistically demonstrated an increased biological potency of CBox particles and established the role of macrophage-released chemical mediators in endothelial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Murugesan Velayutham
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Dimitrios Bitounis
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vamsi K Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Md Habibul Hasan Mazumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jessica Amedro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Timothy Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Philip Demokritou
- Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University, School of Medicine, USA.
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9
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Majumder N, Goldsmith WT, Kodali VK, Velayutham M, Friend SA, Khramtsov VV, Nurkiewicz TR, Erdely A, Zeidler-Erdely PC, Castranova V, Harkema JR, Kelley EE, Hussain S. Oxidant-induced epithelial alarmin pathway mediates lung inflammation and functional decline following ultrafine carbon and ozone inhalation co-exposure. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102092. [PMID: 34418598 PMCID: PMC8385153 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental inhalation exposures are inherently mixed (gases and particles), yet regulations are still based on single toxicant exposures. While the impacts of individual components of environmental pollution have received substantial attention, the impact of inhalation co-exposures is poorly understood. Here, we mechanistically investigated pulmonary inflammation and lung function decline after inhalation co-exposure and individual exposures to ozone (O3) and ultrafine carbon black (CB). Environmentally/occupationally relevant lung deposition levels in mice were achieved after inhalation of stable aerosols with similar aerodynamic and mass median distributions. X-ray photoemission spectroscopy detected increased surface oxygen contents on particles in co-exposure aerosols. Compared with individual exposures, co-exposure aerosols produced greater acellular and cellular oxidants detected by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, and in vivo immune-spin trapping (IST), as well as synergistically increased lavage neutrophils, lavage proteins and inflammation related gene/protein expression. Co-exposure induced a significantly greater respiratory function decline compared to individual exposure. A synthetic catalase-superoxide dismutase mimetic (EUK-134) significantly blunted lung inflammation and respiratory function decline confirming the role of oxidant imbalance. We identified a significant induction of epithelial alarmin (thymic stromal lymphopoietin-TSLP)-dependent interleukin-13 pathway after co-exposure, associated with increased mucin and interferon gene expression. We provided evidence of interactive outcomes after air pollution constituent co-exposure and identified a key mechanistic pathway that can potentially explain epidemiological observation of lung function decline after an acute peak of air pollution. Developing and studying the co-exposure scenario in a standardized and controlled fashion will enable a better mechanistic understanding of how environmental exposures result in adverse outcomes. Interaction with O3 mediates free radical production on the surface of carbon black (CB) particles. Oxidants mediate co-exposure (CB + O3)-induced lung function decline. EUK-134 (a synthetic superoxide-catalase mimetic) abrogates CB + O3-induced lung inflammation. CB + O3 co-exposure induces greater lung inflammation than individual exposures. Epithelial alarmin (TSLP) contributes significantly to the CB + O3 toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nairrita Majumder
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - William T Goldsmith
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Vamsi K Kodali
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA
| | | | - Sherri A Friend
- Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA
| | - Valery V Khramtsov
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Timothy R Nurkiewicz
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA
| | - Patti C Zeidler-Erdely
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, USA
| | - Vince Castranova
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Jack R Harkema
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, School of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, USA
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA
| | - Salik Hussain
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), School of Medicine, West Virginia University, USA.
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10
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Han X, Tian M, Shliaha PV, Zhang J, Jiang S, Nan B, Alam MN, Jensen ON, Shen H, Huang Q. Real-world particulate matters induce lung toxicity in rats fed with a high-fat diet: Evidence of histone modifications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:126182. [PMID: 34492953 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient particulate matters (PMs) has been associated with a variety of lung diseases, and high-fat diet (HFD) was reported to exacerbate PM-induced lung dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanisms for the combined effects of HFD and PM on lung functions remain poorly unraveled. By performing a comparative proteomic analysis, the current study investigated the global changes of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) in rat lung exposed to long-term, real-world PMs. In result, after PM exposure the abundance of four individual histone PTMs (1 down-regulated and 3 up-regulated) and six combinatorial PTMs (1 down-regulated and 5 up-regulated) were significantly altered in HFD-fed rats while only one individual PTM was changed in rats with normal diet (ND) feeding. Histones H3K18ac, H4K8ac and H4K12ac were reported to be associated with DNA damage response, and we found that these PTMs were enhanced by PM in HFD-fed rats. Together with the elevated DNA damage levels in rat lungs following PM and HFD co-exposure, we demonstrate that PM exposure combined with HFD could induce lung injury through altering more histone modifications accompanied by DNA damage. Overall, these findings will augment our knowledge of the epigenetic mechanisms for pulmonary toxicity caused by ambient PM and HFD exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejingping Han
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meiping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Pavel V Shliaha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 Xiang An Nan Road, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Shoufang Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063000, China
| | - Bingru Nan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Md Nur Alam
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ole N Jensen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, VILLUM Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark.
| | - Heqing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, 4221-117 Xiang An Nan Road, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Qingyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen 361021, China.
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11
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Abstract
Air pollutants pose a serious worldwide health hazard, causing respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Pollutants perturb the autonomic nervous system, whose function is critical to cardiopulmonary homeostasis. Recent studies suggest that pollutants can stimulate defensive sensory nerves within the cardiopulmonary system, thus providing a possible mechanism for pollutant-induced autonomic dysfunction. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved would likely improve the management and treatment of pollution-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
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12
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Loxham M, Woo J, Singhania A, Smithers NP, Yeomans A, Packham G, Crainic AM, Cook RB, Cassee FR, Woelk CH, Davies DE. Upregulation of epithelial metallothioneins by metal-rich ultrafine particulate matter from an underground railway. Metallomics 2020; 12:1070-1082. [PMID: 32297622 DOI: 10.1039/d0mt00014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity. However, understanding of the range and mechanisms of effects of PM components is poor. PM generated in underground railways is rich in metals, especially iron. In the ultrafine (UFPM; <0.1 μm diameter) fraction, the combination of small size and metal enrichment poses an unknown health risk. This study aimed to analyse transcriptomic responses to underground UFPM in primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs), a key site of PM deposition. The oxidation state of iron in UFPM from an underground station was determined by X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy. Antioxidant response was assayed using a reporter cell line transfected with an antioxidant response element (ARE)-luciferase construct. Differentiated PBECs were exposed to UFPM for 6 h or 24 h for RNA-Seq and RT-qPCR analysis. XANES showed predominance of redox-active Fe3O4, with ROS generation confirmed by induction of ARE-luciferase expression. 6 h exposure of PBECs to UFPM identified 52 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), especially associated with epithelial maintenance, whereas 24 h exposure yielded 23 DEGs, particularly involved with redox homeostasis and metal binding. At both timepoints, there was upregulation of members of the metallothionein family, low molecular weight proteins with antioxidant activity whose main function is binding and homeostasis of zinc and copper ions, but not iron ions. This upregulation was partially inhibited by metal chelation or ROS scavenging. These data suggest differential regulation of responses to metal-rich UFPM depending on exposure period, and highlight novel pathways and markers of PM exposure, with the role of metallothioneins warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Loxham
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ and Southampton Marine and Maritime Institute, University of Southampton, Boldrewood Innovation Campus, Southampton, UKSO16 7QF
| | - Jeongmin Woo
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Akul Singhania
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Natalie P Smithers
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Alison Yeomans
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Graham Packham
- Cancer Research UK Centre, Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD
| | - Alina M Crainic
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Richard B Cook
- National Centre for Advanced Tribology (nCATS), Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
| | - Flemming R Cassee
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment, and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands and Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher H Woelk
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD.
| | - Donna E Davies
- School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD. and NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UKSO16 6YD and Institute for Life Sciences, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, UKSO17 1BJ
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13
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Patial S, Saini Y. Lung macrophages: current understanding of their roles in Ozone-induced lung diseases. Crit Rev Toxicol 2020; 50:310-323. [PMID: 32458707 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2020.1762537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Through the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), the Clean Air Act of the United States outlines acceptable levels of six different air pollutants considered harmful to humans and the environment. Included in this list is ozone (O3), a highly reactive oxidant gas, respiratory health hazard, and common environmental air pollutant at ground level. The respiratory health effects due to O3 exposure are often associated with molecular and cellular perturbations in the respiratory tract. Periodic review of NAAQS requires comprehensive scientific evaluation of the public health effects of these pollutants, which is formulated through integrated science assessment (ISA) of the most policy-relevant scientific literature. This review focuses on the protective and pathogenic effects of macrophages in the O3-exposed respiratory tract, with emphasis on mouse model-based toxicological studies. Critical findings from 39 studies containing the words O3, macrophage, mice, and lung within the full text were assessed. While some of these studies highlight the presence of disease-relevant pathogenic macrophages in the airspaces, others emphasize a protective role for macrophages in O3-induced lung diseases. Moreover, a comprehensive list of currently known macrophage-specific roles in O3-induced lung diseases is included in this review and the significant knowledge gaps that still exist in the field are outlined. In conclusion, there is a vital need in this field for additional policy-relevant scientific information, including mechanistic studies to further define the role of macrophages in response to O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonika Patial
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
| | - Yogesh Saini
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA
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14
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Gangwar RS, Bevan GH, Palanivel R, Das L, Rajagopalan S. Oxidative stress pathways of air pollution mediated toxicity: Recent insights. Redox Biol 2020; 34:101545. [PMID: 32505541 PMCID: PMC7327965 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ambient air pollution is a leading environmental cause of morbidity and mortality globally with most of the outcomes of cardiovascular origin. While numerous mechanisms are proposed to explain the link between air pollutants and cardiovascular events, the evidence supports a role for oxidative stress as a critical intermediary pathway in the transduction of systemic responses in the cardiovascular system. Indeed, alterations in vascular function are a critical step in the development of cardiometabolic disorders such as hypertension, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. This review will provide an overview of the impact of particulate and gaseous pollutants on oxidative stress from human and animal studies published in the last five years. We discuss current gaps in knowledge and evidence to date implicating the role of oxidative stress with an emphasis on inhalational exposures. We conclude with the identification of gaps, and an exhortation for further studies to elucidate the impact of oxidative stress in air pollution mediated effects. Particulate matter air pollution is the leading risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally. Mechanisms of oxidative stress mediated pathways. How does lung inflammation crucial to inhalational exposure mediate systemic toxicity? Review of recent animal and human exposure studies providing insights into oxidative stress pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopesh Singh Gangwar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Graham H Bevan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Rengasamy Palanivel
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Lopa Das
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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15
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Kodavanti UP. Susceptibility Variations in Air Pollution Health Effects: Incorporating Neuroendocrine Activation. Toxicol Pathol 2019; 47:962-975. [PMID: 31594484 PMCID: PMC9353182 DOI: 10.1177/0192623319878402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Diverse host factors/phenotypes may exacerbate or diminish biological responses induced by air pollutant exposure. We lack an understanding of biological indicators of environmental exposures that culminate in a physiological response versus those that lead to adversity. Variations in response phenotype might arise centrally and/or at the local tissue level. In addition to genetic differences, the current evidence supports the roles of preexisting cardiopulmonary diseases, diabetes, diet, adverse prenatal environments, neurobehavioral disorders, childhood infections, microbiome, sex, and psychosocial stressors in modifying the susceptibility to air pollutant exposures. Animal models of human diseases, obesity, nutritional inadequacies, and neurobehavioral conditions have been compared with healthy controls to understand the causes of variations in susceptibility. Although psychosocial stressors have been associated with increased susceptibility to air pollutant effects, the contribution of neuroendocrine stress pathways in mediating these effects is just emerging. The new findings of neuroendocrine activation leading to systemic metabolic and immunological effects of air pollutants, and the potential contribution to allostatic load, emphasize the consideration of these mechanisms into susceptibility. Variations in susceptibility to air pollution health effects are likely to underlie host genetic and physiological conditions in concert with disrupted neuroendocrine circuitry that alters physiological stability under the influence of stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila P Kodavanti
- Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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16
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Cheng H, Zhu F, Lei R, Shen C, Liu J, Yang M, Ding R, Cao J. Associations of ambient PM 2.5 and O 3 with cardiovascular mortality: a time-series study in Hefei, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2019; 63:1437-1447. [PMID: 31385092 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-019-01766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
China is among the countries with the worst air quality throughout the world. As PM2.5 was not included in the national air quality monitoring network before January 2013 in China, no study has investigated the associations of ambient PM2.5 and O3 with cardiovascular mortality in Hefei, China. In this time-series analysis, Poisson regression in generalized additive model was adopted to assess the associations between the air pollutants and cardiovascular mortality during the 2013-2015 in Hefei, China. The findings showed that the daily average level of PM2.5 and O3 was 77.8 μg/m3 and 60.1 μg/m3 in the study period, respectively. PM2.5 and O3 exposure tended to increase cardiovascular mortality, but the associations were statistically insignificant. Further stratified analyses by seasons showed that with every 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 in the cold season (October-March), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 0.22% (95% CI 0.05%, 0.39%); while every 10 μg/m3 increase of O3 in the warm season (April-September), the risk of cardiovascular death increased by 1.29% (95% CI 0.26%, 2.33%) on Lag0. Interestingly, stratified analysis by gender showed that the associations of PM2.5, but not O3 exposure, could significantly increase cardiovascular mortality in females, but not males. The findings of this study especially underscored the adverse associations of PM2.5 and O3 exposure with females in specific seasons. More studies are needed to verify our findings and further investigate the underlying mechanisms. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Furong Zhu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Ruoqian Lei
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Chaowei Shen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Jiyu Cao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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