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Zhang H, Hou K, Liang X, Lin W, Ma R, Zang Y, Zhan X, Wang M, Feng S, Ying Q, Zheng B, Wang H, Shen C. Sex-specific responses of Taxus mairei to UV-B radiation involved altering the interactions between the microbiota assembly and host secondary metabolism. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:165. [PMID: 39244575 PMCID: PMC11380788 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01882-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To adapt to constantly changing environments, ancient gymnosperms have coevolved with diverse endophytic fungi that are essential for the fitness and adaptability of the plant host. However, the effect of sex on plant-endophyte interactions in response to environmental stressors remains unknown. RNA-seq integrated with ITS analysis was applied to reveal the potential mechanisms underlying the sex-specific responses of Taxus mairei to ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation. RESULTS Enrichment analysis suggested that sex influenced the expression of several genes related to the oxidation-reduction system, which might play potential roles in sex-mediated responses to UV-B radiations. ITS-seq analysis clarified the effects of UV-B radiation and sex on the composition of endophytic fungal communities. Sex influenced various secondary metabolic pathways, thereby providing chemicals for T. mairei host to produce attractants and/or inhibitors to filter microbial taxa. Analysis of fungal biomarkers suggested that UV-B radiation reduced the effect of sex on fungal communities. Moreover, Guignardia isolate #1 was purified to investigate the role of endophytic fungi in sex-mediated responses to UV-B radiation. Inoculation with spores produced by isolate #1 significantly altered various oxidation-reduction systems of the host by regulating the expression of APX2, GST7 NCED1, ZE1, CS1, and CM1. CONCLUSION These results revealed the roles of endophytic fungi in sex-mediated responses to UV-B radiation and provided novel insights into the sex-specific responses of Taxus trees to environmental stressors. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Kailin Hou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xueshuang Liang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Wanting Lin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Ruoyun Ma
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Yue Zang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Xiaori Zhan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Mingshuang Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Shangguo Feng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Qicai Ying
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China
| | - Chenjia Shen
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, China.
- Kharkiv Institute, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China.
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Dehghanian Z, Ahmadabadi M, Asgari Lajayer B, Gougerdchi V, Hamedpour-Darabi M, Bagheri N, Sharma R, Vetukuri RR, Astatkie T, Dell B. Quinoa: A Promising Crop for Resolving the Bottleneck of Cultivation in Soils Affected by Multiple Environmental Abiotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2117. [PMID: 39124236 PMCID: PMC11313704 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained worldwide recognition for its nutritional values, adaptability to diverse environments, and genetic diversity. This review explores the current understanding of quinoa tolerance to environmental stress, focusing on drought, salinity, heat, heavy metals, and UV-B radiation. Although drought and salinity have been extensively studied, other stress factors remain underexplored. The ever-increasing incidence of abiotic stress, exacerbated by unpredictable weather patterns and climate change, underscores the importance of understanding quinoa's responses to these challenges. Global gene banks safeguard quinoa's genetic diversity, supporting breeding efforts to develop stress-tolerant varieties. Recent advances in genomics and molecular tools offer promising opportunities to improve stress tolerance and increase the yield potential of quinoa. Transcriptomic studies have shed light on the responses of quinoa to drought and salinity, yet further studies are needed to elucidate its resilience to other abiotic stresses. Quinoa's ability to thrive on poor soils and limited water resources makes it a sustainable option for land restoration and food security enterprises. In conclusion, quinoa is a versatile and robust crop with the potential to address food security challenges under environmental constraints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Dehghanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz 53714-161, Iran; (Z.D.); (M.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Mohammad Ahmadabadi
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz 53714-161, Iran; (Z.D.); (M.A.); (N.B.)
| | | | - Vahideh Gougerdchi
- Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran;
| | - Mohsen Hamedpour-Darabi
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7194684471, Iran;
| | - Nazila Bagheri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz 53714-161, Iran; (Z.D.); (M.A.); (N.B.)
| | - Ritika Sharma
- Department of Botany, Central University of Jammu, Rahya Suchani, Samba, Jammu 181143, India;
| | - Ramesh R. Vetukuri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 23422 Lomma, Sweden;
| | - Tess Astatkie
- Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada;
| | - Bernard Dell
- Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia;
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Zhou H, Ye Z, Yang Y, Zhu C. Drought Stress Might Induce Sexual Spatial Segregation in Dioecious Populus euphratica-Insights from Long-Term Water Use Efficiency and Growth Rates. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:318. [PMID: 38785800 PMCID: PMC11118098 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
P. euphratica stands as the pioneering and dominant tree within desert riparian forests in arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of our work was to reveal why dioecious P. euphratica in natural desert riparian forests in the lower Tarim River exhibits sexual spatial distribution differences combined with field investigation, tree ring techniques, isotope analysis techniques, and statistical analyses. The results showed that P. euphratica was a male-biased population, with the operational sex ratio (OSR) exhibiting spatial distribution differences to variations in drought stress resulting from groundwater depth change. The highest OSR was observed under mild drought stress (groundwater depth of 6-7 m), and it was reduced under non-drought stress (groundwater depth below 6 m) or severe drought stress (groundwater depth exceeding 7 m). As drought stress escalated, the degradation and aging of the P. euphratica forest became more pronounced. Males exhibited significantly higher growth rates and WUEi than females under mild drought stress. However, under severe drought stress, males' growth rates significantly slowed down, accompanied by significantly lower WUEi than in females. This divergence determined the sexual spatial segregation of P. euphratica in the natural desert riparian forests of the lower Tarim River. Furthermore, the current ecological water conveyance project (EWCP) in the lower Tarim River was hard to fundamentally reverse the degradation and aging of the P. euphratica forest due to inadequate population regeneration. Consequently, we advocated for an optimized ecological water conveyance mode to restore, conserve, and rejuvenate natural P. euphratica forests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chenggang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Y.); (Y.Y.)
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Wang Z, Lian J, Liang J, Wei H, Chen H, Hu W, Tang M. Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis modulates nitrogen uptake and assimilation to enhance drought tolerance of Populus cathayana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108648. [PMID: 38653094 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on nitrogen (N) uptake and assimilation in Populus cathayana under drought stress (DS). Herein, we measured photosynthetic performance, antioxidant enzyme system, N level and N assimilation enzymes, proteins content and distribution, transcripts of genes associated with N uptake or transport in P. cathayana with AMF (AM) or without AMF (NM) under soil water limitation and adequate irrigation. Compared with NM-DS P. cathayana, the growth, gas exchange properties, antioxidant enzyme activities, total N content and the proportion of water-soluble and membrane-bound proteins in AM-DS P. cathayana were increased. Meanwhile, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, NO3- and NO2- concentrations in AM-DS P. cathayana were reduced, while NH4+ concentration, glutamine synthetase (GS) and glutamate synthetase (GOGAT) activities were elevated, indicating that AM symbiosis reduces NO3- assimilation while promoting NH4+ assimilation. Furthermore, the transcriptional levels of NH4+ transporter genes (PcAMT1-4 and PcAMT2-1) and NO3- transporter genes (PcNRT2-1 and PcNRT3-1) in AM-DS P. cathayana roots were significantly down-regulated, as well as NH4+ transporter genes (PcAMT1-6 and PcAMT4-3) in leaves. In AM P. cathayana roots, DS significantly up-regulated the transcriptional levels of RiCPSI and RiURE, the key N transport regulatory genes in AMF compared with adequate irrigation. These results indicated that AM N transport pathway play an essential role on N uptake and utilization in AM P. cathayana to cope with DS. Therefore, this research offers a novel perspective on how AM symbiosis enhances plant resilience to drought at aspect of N acquisition and assimilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiaqian Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jingwei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongjian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wentao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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Hai X, Shangguan Z, Peng C, Deng L. Leaf trait responses to global change factors in terrestrial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 898:165572. [PMID: 37454860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Global change influences plant growth by affecting plant morphology and physiology. However, the effects of global change factors vary based on the climate gradient. Here, we established a global database of leaf traits from 192 experiments on elevated CO2 concentrations (eCO2), drought, N deposition, and warming. The results showed that the leaf mass per area (LMA) significantly increased under eCO2 and drought conditions but decreased with N deposition, whereas eCO2 levels and drought conditions reduced stomatal conductance and increased and decreased photosynthetic rates, respectively. Leaf dark respiration (Rd) increased in response to global change, excluding N deposition. Leaf N concentrations declined with eCO2 but increased with N deposition. Leaf area increased with eCO2, N deposition, and warming but decreased with drought. Leaf thickness increased with eCO2 but decreased with warming. eCO2 and N deposition enhanced plant water-use efficiency (WUE), eCO2 and warming increased photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE), while N fertilization reduced PNUE significantly. eCO2 produced a positive relationship between WUE and PNUE, which were limited under drought but increased in areas with high humidity and high temperature. Trade-offs were observed between WUE and PNUE under drought, N deposition, and warming. These findings suggest that the effects of global change factors on plants can be altered by complex environmental changes; moreover, diverse plant water and nutrient strategy responses can be interpreted against the background of their functional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Hai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhouping Shangguan
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Changhui Peng
- Center of CEF/ESCER, Department of Biological Science, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Lei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Key Laboratory of low-carbon green Agriculture in Northwestern China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China.
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He R, Shi H, Hu M, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Dang H. Divergent effects of warming on nonstructural carbohydrates in woody plants: a meta-analysis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14117. [PMID: 38148215 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Nonstructural carbohydrates (NSC, including soluble sugars and starch) are essential for supporting growth and survival of woody plants, and play multifunctional roles in various ecophysiological processes that are being rapidly changed by climate warming. However, it still remains unclear whether there is a consistent response pattern of NSC dynamics in woody plants to climate warming across organ types and species taxa. Here, based on a compiled database of 52 woody plant species worldwide, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effects of experimental warming on NSC dynamics. Our results indicated that the responses of NSC dynamics to warming were primarily driven by the fluctuations of starch, while soluble sugars did not undergo significant changes. The effects of warming on NSC shifted from negative to positive with the extension of warming duration, while the negative warming effects on NSC became more pronounced as warming magnitude increased. Overall, our study showed the divergent responses of NSC and its components in different organs of woody plants to experimental warming, suggesting a potentially changed carbon (C) balance in woody plants in future global warming. Thus, our findings highlight that predicting future changes in plant functions and terrestrial C cycle requires a mechanism understanding of how NSC is linked to a specific global change driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui He
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Hang Shi
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Man Hu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Quanfa Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Dang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Wang P, Wan Z, Luo S, Wei H, Zhao J, Wang G, Yu J, Zhang G. Silencing the CsSnRK2.11 Gene Decreases Drought Tolerance of Cucumis sativus L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15761. [PMID: 37958744 PMCID: PMC10649623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress restricts vegetable growth, and abscisic acid plays an important role in its regulation. Sucrose non-fermenting1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) is a key enzyme in regulating ABA signal transduction in plants, and it plays a significant role in response to multiple abiotic stresses. Our previous experiments demonstrated that the SnRK2.11 gene exhibits a significant response to drought stress in cucumbers. To further investigate the function of SnRK2.11 under drought stress, we used VIGS (virus-induced gene silencing) technology to silence this gene and conducted RNA-seq analysis. The SnRK2.11-silencing plants displayed increased sensitivity to drought stress, which led to stunted growth and increased wilting speed. Moreover, various physiological parameters related to photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf water content, chlorophyll content, and antioxidant enzyme activity were significantly reduced. The intercellular CO2 concentration, non-photochemical burst coefficient, and malondialdehyde and proline content were significantly increased. RNA-seq analysis identified 534 differentially expressed genes (DEGs): 311 were upregulated and 223 were downregulated. GO functional annotation analysis indicated that these DEGs were significantly enriched for molecular functions related to host cells, enzyme activity, and stress responses. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis further revealed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in phytohormone signalling, MAPK signalling, and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways, all of which were associated with abscisic acid. This study used VIGS technology and transcriptome data to investigate the role of CsSnRK2.11 under drought stress, offering valuable insights into the mechanism of the SnRK2 gene in enhancing drought resistance in cucumbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zilong Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Shilei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Haotai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jianuo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guoshuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Guobin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (P.W.); (Z.W.); (S.L.); (H.W.); (J.Z.); (G.W.); (J.Y.)
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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Shahin MG, Saudy HS, El-Bially ME, Abd El-Momen WR, El-Gabry YA, Abd El-Samad GA, Sayed AN. Physiological and Agronomic Responses and Nutrient Uptake of Soybean Genotypes Cultivated Under Various Sowing Dates. JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42729-023-01389-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AbstractLate or early sowing subjecting crop plants to stress conditions, this is simulating the climatic change effects. The global warming and climate change are critical issues in agriculture since progressive rise in temperature leads to exposure the crops to heat stress, hence low productivity. Since weather conditions are uncontrollable, it is impossible to modulate their negative impacts against crop growth and development. However, scientists should not be handcuffed about this serious problem. So, in open field conditions, the performance of some soybean genotypes was evaluated under different sowing dates. Along the two seasons of 2019 and 2020, field experiments were designed in a split-plot design using three replicates to evaluate the performance of four soybean genotypes (Giza-21, Giza-35, Giza-111, and Crawford) under four sowing dates (15th April, 30th April, 15th May, and 30th May). Various physiological and growth traits, yield attributes, seed nutrient contents, and oil and protein contents were estimated. Sowing Crawford (in both seasons) and Giza-35 (in the first season) on 15th April as well as Giza-111 either on 30th April or 15th May produced the highest catalase activity. In plots sown on 30th April, Crawford and Giza-21 (in the first season) and Giza-111 (in both seasons) exhibited the highest leaves area plant−1. Plots sown by Giza-111 on 30th April was the potent interaction for enhancing seed yield in both seasons. Under any sowing date in the second season and the sowing date of 30th April in the first season, Giza-111 was the effective genotype for recording the maximum seed oil content. For adopting a specific stress condition scenario, it is advisable to insert Giza-111 as an effective gene pool to improve soybean genotypes under unfavorable conditions, expressed in sowing dates.
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Tang S, Lin X, Li W, Guo C, Han J, Yu L. Nutrient resorption responses of female and male Populus cathayana to drought and shade stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13980. [PMID: 37616009 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient resorption can increase nutrient use and play important roles in terrestrial plant nutrient cycles. Although several studies have reported individual responses of plant nutrient resorption to drought or shade stress, the interaction of drought and shade remains unclear, especially for dioecious plants. This study explored whether nutrient resorption is correlated to growth characteristics (such as biomass and root/shoot ratio [R/S ratio]) and leaf economics (such as leaf thickness, leaf mass per area [LMA] and leaf vein density [LVD]) in female and male Populus cathayana across different conditions. We found that drought stress significantly increased nitrogen (N) resorption efficiency (NRE) in both sexes, but shade and interactive stress decreased NRE in P. cathayana females. Under drought stress, nutrient resorption was sexually dimorphic such that P. cathayana males have higher NRE than females. Furthermore, NRE and phosphorous (P) resorption efficiency (PRE) were positively related to R/S ratio, leaf thickness, LMA, and LVD in both sexes across different treatments. Our study is the first to present how nutrient resorption is related to biomass accumulation and allocation, and leaf economics, suggesting that nutrient uptake may be modulated by R/S ratio and leaf economics, which is important for understanding the conservation mechanism of plant nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglei Tang
- Department of Ecology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiazhen Lin
- Teaching Center, Zhejiang Open University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengjin Guo
- Department of Ecology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jungang Han
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Lei Yu
- Department of Ecology, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Kosová V, Latzel V, Hadincová V, Münzbergová Z. Effect of DNA methylation, modified by 5-azaC, on ecophysiological responses of a clonal plant to changing climate. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17262. [PMID: 36241768 PMCID: PMC9568541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22125-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation of gene expression is expected to be an important mechanism behind phenotypic plasticity. Whether epigenetic regulation affects species ecophysiological adaptations to changing climate remains largely unexplored. We compared ecophysiological traits between individuals treated with 5-azaC, assumed to lead to DNA demethylation, with control individuals of a clonal grass originating from and grown under different climates, simulating different directions and magnitudes of climate change. We linked the ecophysiological data to proxies of fitness. Main effects of plant origin and cultivating conditions predicted variation in plant traits, but 5-azaC did not. Effects of 5-azaC interacted with conditions of cultivation and plant origin. The direction of the 5-azaC effects suggests that DNA methylation does not reflect species long-term adaptations to climate of origin and species likely epigenetically adjusted to the conditions experienced during experiment set-up. Ecophysiology translated to proxies of fitness, but the intensity and direction of the relationships were context dependent and affected by 5-azaC. The study suggests that effects of DNA methylation depend on conditions of plant origin and current climate. Direction of 5-azaC effects suggests limited role of epigenetic modifications in long-term adaptation of plants. It rather facilitates fast adaptations to temporal fluctuations of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Kosová
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vít Latzel
- grid.418095.10000 0001 1015 3316Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Věroslava Hadincová
- grid.418095.10000 0001 1015 3316Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic ,grid.418095.10000 0001 1015 3316Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Průhonice, Czech Republic
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11
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Wang D, Yang Z, Wu M, Wang W, Wang Y, Nie S. Enhanced brassinosteroid signaling via the overexpression of SlBRI1 positively regulates the chilling stress tolerance of tomato. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111281. [PMID: 35643607 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) regulate plant development and response to stress. BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) is a BR receptor that activates BR signaling. Although the function of the tomato BR receptor SlBRI1 in regulating growth and drought resistance has been examined, that of SlBRI1 in cold tolerance is unclear. This study indicated that the expression of SlBRI1 in tomato was rapidly induced and reached its highest level at 3 h under chilling treatment and then decreased. The overexpression of SlBRI1 displayed low relative electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde content, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation under chilling stress. The proline content and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in SlBRI1OE plants were higher than those in the wild-type (WT) plants after chilling stress. The transcript abundances of five cold-responsive genes were higher in SlBRI1OE plants than in WT plants during chilling stress. RNA sequence analysis showed that the expression of the majority of genes encoding photosystem I and II were downregulated. The degree of suppression in SlBRI1OE plants was weaker than that in WT plants. Additionally, the Pn and Fv/Fm of SlBRI1OE plants were significantly higher than those of WT plants under chilling stress. We identified several genes encoding key enzymes in BRs; indole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellin (GA), and abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis or signaling were upregulated or downregulated during chilling stress. Chilling stress decreased the BRs and GA3 content, and increased IAA and ABA content. The contents were lower or higher in SlBRI1OE than in WT plants. Furthermore, chilling stress regulated the expression levels of 43 transcription factors. The expression of seven cold-regulated protein genes was higher or lower in SlBRI1OE plants than in WT plants under chilling stress. These results suggest that SlBRI1 positively regulates chilling tolerance mainly through ICE1-CBF-COR pathway in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Zaijun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Meiqi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China
| | - Shuming Nie
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637009, China.
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12
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Yang F, Zhang J, Cisse EHM, Li DD, Guo LY, Xiang LS, Miao LF. Competitive Relationship Between Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos Under Well-Watered Conditions Transforms Into a Mutualistic Relationship Under Waterlogging Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:869418. [PMID: 35755663 PMCID: PMC9231832 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.869418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Competition and abiotic stress such as waterlogging (WL) represent main factors limiting plant growth and determining plant resistance and distribution patterns in wetland ecosystems. One of the basic steps for wetland restoration is to plant trees to ensure a quicker recovery and prevent erosion. Plant survival and adaptation are considered criteria of principal priority for the screening of plant species for wetland ecosystem restoration. WL influences plant species in wetlands via the deterioration of the plant root environment which leads to oxygen deficiency that affects plant growth, photosynthesis, respiration, and other metabolic processes. A suitable plant species was determined according to tolerance to WL during wetland vegetation recovery activities. Thus, two tree species (Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium jambos) that showed a certain waterlogging tolerance were chosen to study their behaviors in different planting model and environmental conditions. Given that interspecific relationship should be considered during plant community construction, the eco-physiological adaptable mechanisms between these woody plants under well-watered condition and waterlogging stress were explored. Results showed that both species were waterlogging-tolerant species due to their ability to adapt to submergence conditions for 120 days. Moreover, C. operculatus possessed stronger tolerance to waterlogging stress because of a significant adventitious roots biomass accumulation. A competitive relationship was found between C. operculatus and S. jambos under well-watered condition, and C. operculatus showed better growth performance benefited from morphological responses (plant height, number of blade and leaf area) and endogenous hormone variations. In comparison, S. jambos suffered some negative effects when the well-watered mixed planting was used. However, the competitive relationship under well-watered condition was transformed into mutualistic relationship under waterlogging stress. The mixed planting under waterlogging condition significantly improved the tolerance of C. operculatus and S. jambos to waterlogging stress, compared with the monoculture., Especially, S. jambos showed improvements in root length, root surface area, and redox equilibration between lower levels of relative conductivity, malondialdehyde, and O 2 ⋅ - and had increased levels of non-enzymatic antioxidant components, such as reduced glutathione and soluble proteins. The interspecific relationship between C. operculatus and S. jambos was altered by waterlogging stress, and both showed improved tolerance to waterlogging stress. This study can provide a glimmer of light on suitable plant species selection and plant community construction during the revegetation activities in wetland zones. C. operculatus and S. jambos represent potential candidates in wetland restoration in a mixed planting model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - El-Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Life Science, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Da-Dong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Lu-Yao Guo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, Haikou, China
| | - Li-Shan Xiang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Ling-Feng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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13
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Li D, Cisse EHM, Guo L, Zhang J, Miao L, Yang F. Comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress regulated by adventitious roots between two contrasting species. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:971-988. [PMID: 34875093 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Cleistocalyx operculatus and Syzygium cumini possess a certain waterlogging tolerance. However, the comparable and adaptable strategies to waterlogging stress between these two species on the basis of waterlogging adventitious root (AR) regulation were still unclear. In this study, the plant performance in response to AR regulation based on AR removal (AR-R) and exogenous hormone application was investigated in terms of plant morphology, physiology, photosynthesis and AR traits. Results showed that C. operculatus possesses stronger waterlogging tolerance than S. cumini based on waterlogging tolerance coefficient, which is mainly due to the higher root biomass, root porosity and length, and activity of ARs, and shorter emergence time of ARs in C. operculatus than in S. cumini. The AR-R treatment increased activity and porosity of primary root, and induced a large amount of up-vertical ARs from the primary root systems in C. operculatus, while similar adaptive morphological changes in roots did not occur in AR-R-treated S. cumini. Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application had better effects on alleviating waterlogging damages than exogenous auxin (IAA) in balancing endogenous hormones (ABA and zeatin riboside), promoting AR development (porosity and activity, and the ratio of cortex area to stele area), improving the photosynthesis process and the antioxidant system (soluble protein, free proline and peroxidase). Moreover, under waterlogging conditions, exogenous ABA application induced greater increases in net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, chlorophyll b and carotenoid in S. cumini than in C. operculatus, which suggested that S. cumini responded more positively and efficiently to exogenous ABA application than C. operculatus under waterlogging conditions. Thus, the findings provided new insights into the waterlogging adaptable strategies in waterlogging tolerant woody species on the basis of ARs and could provide scientific guidance for the application of these two species during revegetation activities in wetlands. Cleistocalyx operculatus could alternatively form a majority of up-vertical adventitious roots (ARs) from the primary roots after removing the normal ARs, but Syzygium cumini could not.Cleistocalyx operculatus possessed positive strategies to waterlogging stress, while S. cumini used traditional passive strategies.Exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application had better effects on alleviating waterlogging damages in both species than exogenous auxin application.Syzygium cumini could more positively and efficiently respond to exogenous ABA application than C. operculatus.Waterlogging tolerance coefficient was significantly controlled by the chlorophyll contents and AR factors in C. operculatus and the AR factors and O2- in S. cumini.The best development of the AR number (ARN) and AR length (ARL) in exogenous ABA-treated C. operculatus may be closely related with positive zeatin riboside accumulation.The development of ARN and ARL was more important to waterlogging tolerance than that of AR porosity under waterlogging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dadong Li
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - El-Hadji Malick Cisse
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Luyao Guo
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Juan Zhang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lingfeng Miao
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, Hainan University, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
- Center for Eco-Environmental Restoration Engineering of Hainan Province, No. 58 Renmin Road, Meilan District, Haikou 570228, China
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14
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The Functional Interplay between Ethylene, Hydrogen Sulfide, and Sulfur in Plant Heat Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12050678. [PMID: 35625606 PMCID: PMC9138313 DOI: 10.3390/biom12050678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants encounter several abiotic stresses, among which heat stress is gaining paramount attention because of the changing climatic conditions. Severe heat stress conspicuously reduces crop productivity through changes in metabolic processes and in growth and development. Ethylene and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are signaling molecules involved in defense against heat stress through modulation of biomolecule synthesis, the antioxidant system, and post-translational modifications. Other compounds containing the essential mineral nutrient sulfur (S) also play pivotal roles in these defense mechanisms. As biosynthesis of ethylene and H2S is connected to the S-assimilation pathway, it is logical to consider the existence of a functional interplay between ethylene, H2S, and S in relation to heat stress tolerance. The present review focuses on the crosstalk between ethylene, H2S, and S to highlight their joint involvement in heat stress tolerance.
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15
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Liu J, Zou HX, Bachelot B, Dong T, Zhu Z, Liao Y, Plenković-Moraj A, Wu Y. Predicting the responses of subalpine forest landscape dynamics to climate change on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2021; 27:4352-4366. [PMID: 34060175 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Subalpine vegetation across the Tibetan Plateau is globally one of the most sensitive to climate change. However, the potential landscape-scale effects of climate change on subalpine forest dynamics remain largely unexplored. Here, we used a forest landscape model (LANDIS-II) coupled with a forest ecosystem process model (PnET-II) to simulate forest dynamics under future climate change in Jiuzhaigou National Nature Reserve in the eastern subalpine region of the Tibetan Plateau. We examined changes in the composition, distribution and aboveground biomass of cold temperate coniferous forests, temperate coniferous forests, deciduous broad-leaved forests and redwood forest under four climate change scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP8.5 and the current climate) from 2016 to 2096. Our model predicts that by 2096, (i) cold temperate coniferous forests will expand and increase by 7.92%, 8.18%, 8.65% and 7.02% under current climate, RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios, respectively; (ii) distribution of forests as a whole shows upward elevational range shift, especially under RCP8.5 scenario and (iii) total aboveground biomass slowly increases at first and then decreases to 12%-16% of current distribution under RCPs. These results show that climate change can be expected to significantly influence forest composition, distribution and aboveground biomass in the subalpine forests of eastern Tibetan Plateau. This study is the first to simulate forest dynamics at the landscape scale in subalpine areas of the Tibetan Plateau, which provides an important step in developing more effective strategies of forest management for expected climate change, not only in China but also around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Liu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Heng-Xing Zou
- Department of BioSciences, Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Benedicte Bachelot
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Tingfa Dong
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhongfu Zhu
- Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve Administrative Bureau, Jiuzhaigou, China
| | - Yuchen Liao
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yan Wu
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
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16
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Plant Responses to Heat Stress: Physiology, Transcription, Noncoding RNAs, and Epigenetics. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010117. [PMID: 33374376 PMCID: PMC7795586 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Global warming has increased the frequency of extreme high temperature events. High temperature is a major abiotic stress that limits the growth and production of plants. Therefore, the plant response to heat stress (HS) has been a focus of research. However, the plant response to HS involves complex physiological traits and molecular or gene networks that are not fully understood. Here, we review recent progress in the physiological (photosynthesis, cell membrane thermostability, oxidative damage, and others), transcriptional, and post-transcriptional (noncoding RNAs) regulation of the plant response to HS. We also summarize advances in understanding of the epigenetic regulation (DNA methylation, histone modification, and chromatin remodeling) and epigenetic memory underlying plant–heat interactions. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities of future research in the plant response to HS.
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Liu J, Xu G, Yin L, Xu X, Armitage DW, Dong T. Invasive plants exert disproportionately negative allelopathic effects on the growth and physiology of the earthworm Eisenia fetida. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 747:141534. [PMID: 32795807 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exotic invasive plants possess the capacity to disrupt and extirpate populations of native species. Native plants' increased sensitivity to invaders' allelochemicals is a mechanism by which this can occur. However, it is not clear whether and how the allelopathic effects of invasive plants affect members of the soil faunal community - particularly the important functional guild of earthworms. We used the model earthworm Eisenia fetida to investigate the responses to extracts from the widely invasive Asterids (Ageratina adenophora, Bidens pilosa, Erigeron annuus) and closely-related native species in a greenhouse experiment. We observed declines in body mass and respiration, and increases in oxidative and DNA damage biomarkers in the native earthworm E. fetida when grown under root and leaf extracts from these invasive plants. These effects were concentration-dependent, and worm growth and physiology was most negatively affected under the highest concentrations of leaf extracts. Most importantly, extracts from invasive plants caused significantly more negative effects on E. fetida than did extracts from native plant species, indicating allelopathy from invasive plants may inhibit earthworm physiological functioning. These results expand the domain of the novel weapons hypothesis to the earthworm guild and demonstrate the utility of E. fetida as a bioindicator for plant allelochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - Gang Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Lingzi Yin
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China
| | - David W Armitage
- Department of BioSciences, Program in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Tingfa Dong
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Biodiversity Conservation (Sichuan Province), Institute of Plant Adaptation and Utilization in Southwest Mountains, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan 637009, China.
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