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Miranda MT, Pires GS, Pereira L, de Lima RF, da Silva SF, Mayer JLS, Azevedo FA, Machado EC, Jansen S, Ribeiro RV. Rootstocks affect the vulnerability to embolism and pit membrane thickness in Citrus scions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3063-3075. [PMID: 38660960 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Embolism resistance of xylem tissue varies among species and is an important trait related to drought resistance, with anatomical attributes like pit membrane thickness playing an important role in avoiding embolism spread. Grafted Citrus trees are commonly grown in orchards, with the rootstock being able to affect the drought resistance of the whole plant. Here, we evaluated how rootstocks affect the vulnerability to embolism resistance of the scion using several rootstock/scion combinations. Scions of 'Tahiti' acid lime, 'Hamlin', 'Pera' and 'Valencia' oranges grafted on a 'Rangpur' lime rootstock exhibit similar vulnerability to embolism. In field-grown trees, measurements of leaf water potential did not suggest significant embolism formation during the dry season, while stomata of Citrus trees presented an isohydric response to declining water availability. When 'Valencia' orange scions were grafted on 'Rangpur' lime, 'IAC 1710' citrandarin, 'Sunki Tropical' mandarin or 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks, variation in intervessel pit membrane thickness of the scion was found. The 'Rangpur' lime rootstock, which is known for its drought resistance, induced thicker pit membranes in the scion, resulting in higher embolism resistance than the other rootstocks. Similarly, the rootstock 'IAC 1710' citrandarin generated increased embolism resistance of the scion, which is highly relevant for citriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela T Miranda
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology 'Coaracy M. Franco', Center of Agricultural and Post-Harvest Biosystems, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Institute of Botany, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Gabriel S Pires
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology (LCroP), Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo F de Lima
- Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Simone F da Silva
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology (LCroP), Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana L S Mayer
- Laboratory of Plant Anatomy, Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernando A Azevedo
- Center of Citriculture Sylvio Moreira, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Cordeirópolis, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo C Machado
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology 'Coaracy M. Franco', Center of Agricultural and Post-Harvest Biosystems, Agronomic Institute (IAC), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael V Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Crop Physiology (LCroP), Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Cheng M, Meng F, Qi H, Mo F, Wang P, Chen X, Wang A. Escaping drought: The pectin methylesterase inhibitor gene Slpmei27 can significantly change drought resistance in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 192:207-217. [PMID: 36265205 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress will lead to a decrease in tomato yield and poor flavour, yield and quality, resulting in economic losses in agricultural production. Mining the key genes regulating tomato drought resistance is of great significance to improve the drought resistance of tomato plants. The cell wall can directly participate in the plant drought stress response as one of the main components of the cell wall, and the regulation of pectin content in plant drought resistance is still unclear. Here, the candidate gene Solyc08g006690 (Slpmei27) was obtained by fine mapping based on genome sequencing technology (BSA-seq) of late-maturing stress-resistant tomato mutants found in the field. Slpmei27 is expressed in the cell wall. The transient silencing of Slpmei27 by VIGS significantly improved the drought resistance of tomato. Meanwhile, Slpmei27 silencing could significantly change the cell wall structure of plants, change the stomatal pass rate, reduce the water loss rate of plants, improve the scavenging ability of reactive oxygen species, change the redox balance in plants, and thus improve the drought resistance of tomato. The promoter region of this gene contains a large number of hormone-response and stress-response binding sites. The promoter region of the Slpmei27 gene in the mutant could lower the expression of downstream genes. Through this study, the mechanism by which Slpmei27 improves tomato drought resistance was revealed, and the relationship between pectin methyl ester metabolism and plant drought resistance was established, providing a theoretical basis for the production of high-quality tomato materials with high drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhen Cheng
- College of School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Fanyue Meng
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Haonan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Fulei Mo
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Peiwen Wang
- College of School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
| | - Xiuling Chen
- College of School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China.
| | - Aoxue Wang
- College of School of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin, China; College of Life Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
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Yang L, Xia L, Zeng Y, Han Q, Zhang S. Grafting enhances plants drought resistance: Current understanding, mechanisms, and future perspectives. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1015317. [PMID: 36275555 PMCID: PMC9583147 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Drought, one of the most severe and complex abiotic stresses, is increasingly occurring due to global climate change and adversely affects plant growth and yield. Grafting is a proven and effective tool to enhance plant drought resistance ability by regulating their physiological and molecular processes. In this review, we have summarized the current understanding, mechanisms, and perspectives of the drought stress resistance of grafted plants. Plants resist drought through adaptive changes in their root, stem, and leaf morphology and structure, stomatal closure modulation to reduce transpiration, activating osmoregulation, enhancing antioxidant systems, and regulating phytohormones and gene expression changes. Additionally, the mRNAs, miRNAs and peptides crossing the grafted healing sites also confer drought resistance. However, the interaction between phytohormones, establishment of the scion-rootstock communication through genetic materials to enhance drought resistance is becoming a hot research topic. Therefore, our review provides not only physiological evidences for selecting drought-resistant rootstocks or scions, but also a clear understanding of the potential molecular effects to enhance drought resistance using grafted plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linchao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingquan Han
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- The Engineering Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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de Oliveira Sousa AR, Ribas RF, Filho MAC, Freschi L, Ferreira CF, Filho WDSS, Pérez-Molina JP, da Silva Gesteira A. Drought tolerance memory transmission by citrus buds. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 320:111292. [PMID: 35643622 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants face recurrent drought events, and previous stresses can influence their responses to subsequent stress episodes. Studies on drought stress memory are recent in citriculture, although they show promise as a tool for crop improvement. Here, we investigated whether stress memory mechanisms can be detected in citrus plants grafted with buds from plants subjected to recurrent water deficit. Three rootstock varieties, namely 'Rangpur Santa Cruz' lime, 'Sunki Maravilha' mandarin and 'Sunki Tropical' mandarin, in combination with 'Valencia' orange, were either maintained under full irrigation or subjected to one, two, or three water deficit cycles. Buds from 'Valencia' orange were grafted onto 'Swingle' citrumelo rootstocks and were evaluated. This combination displayed improved physiological and biochemical performance under water limitation, especially 'Valencia' buds grafted onto 'Sunki Maravilha', with better photosynthetic performance under water deficit. These findings indicate that genotype-dependent epigenetic memory is a key factor in restoring citrus plants' capacity to rely on previous stress experiences to restore better photosynthetic and physiological responses when undergoing new water deficit events. Therefore, epigenetic marks can be stored and transmitted to new citrus plants and are a promising alternative to enable increased water deficit tolerance when plants are then challenged by drought-prone environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rogério Ferreira Ribas
- Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Ambientais e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, Bahia 44380-000, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Freschi
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | | | | | - Junior Pastor Pérez-Molina
- Laboratorio de Ecología Funcional y Ecosistemas Tropicales (LEFET), Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
| | - Abelmon da Silva Gesteira
- Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Genética e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia 45662-900, Brazil; Embrapa-Mandioca e Fruticultura, Cruz das Almas, Bahia 44380-000, Brazil.
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