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Guo N, Ling H, Yu R, Gao F, Cao Y, Tao J. Expression of Sailx suchowensis SsIRT9 enhances cadmium accumulation and alters metal homeostasis in tobacco. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132958. [PMID: 37951176 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) contamination in soils is of great concern for plant growth and human health. Willow (Salix spp.) is a promising phytoextractor because of its high biomass production. However, as a non-hyperaccumulator, willow has a low competitive ability in extraction of Cd. Thus, improving Cd concentrations in developing tissues is one of the primary tasks. Here, our study uncovers a novel SsIRT9 gene from Sailx suchowensis which manipulates plant Cd accumulation. SsIRT9 was more highly expressed in willow roots than other SsIRT genes. As a plasma membrane-localized protein, when expressed in yeast, SsIRT9 retarded cell growth more severely than other SsIRT proteins in the presence of Cd. Furthermore, SsIRT9 was cloned and expressed in tobacco and SsIRT9 did not affect plant growth. In hydroponic experiments, SsIRT9 lines displayed higher Cd in the shoots than the wild type. When grown in Cd-contaminated soils, Cd levels in transgenic tobacco increased by 152-364% in roots and by 135-444% in shoots, demonstrating significant superiority in Cd accumulation over other functional IRT/ZIP transporters. Moreover, expressing SsIRT9 in tobacco altered metal homeostasis, especially manganese and zinc. Taken together, we envision that SsIRT9 expression in plants is a promising strategy for upgrading extraction of Cd from soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Ling
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Renkui Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Tao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Protocol for In Vitro Propagation of Salix acmophylla (Boiss.). Studies on Three Ecotypes. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13071124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Salix acmophylla Boiss. has a traditional role in several regions of the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent. As with many other woody species, the development of methods for fast propagation and ex situ conservation of this species is needed. We describe for the first time a micropropagation protocol of three S. acmophylla ecotypes. The best results for shoot proliferation were obtained by culturing the shoot explants on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) containing benzyladenine (BA) 5 μM, but it was also observed that proliferation can be further enhanced by the separation of the shoot tip from the underlying internodes, followed by their respective culture on BA- or activated-charcoal-containing medium. Thidiazuron or zeatin did not enhance shoot proliferation. The rooting of shoots occurred spontaneously, but for the ecotype with a lower propensity for rooting, treatment with 5 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA) increased rooting percentage. Genetic differences were evident in rooting success, but not in shoot development of the tested ecotypes in response to in vitro cultural conditions.
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Li J, Xu Z, Zeng T, Zhou L, Li J, Hu H, Luo J, Wang C. Overexpression of TcCHS Increases Pyrethrin Content When Using a Genotype-Independent Transformation System in Pyrethrum ( Tanacetum cinerariifolium). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11121575. [PMID: 35736726 PMCID: PMC9229838 DOI: 10.3390/plants11121575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium) is one of the most important industrial crops for the extraction of pyrethrins, which are natural insecticidal compounds. Progress in pyrethrum molecular breeding with the objective of increasing pyrethrin content has been slow for lack of a suitable gene transfer system. Regeneration recalcitrance is a crucial barrier to establishing a genetic transformation system in pyrethrum. Therefore, in this study, an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in pyrethrum was developed using shoot apical meristems from germinated seedlings. Factors affecting transformation efficiency were optimized. Optimal conditions included explants at the "no true leaf" stage with a half apical meristem, an Agrobacterium tumefaciens cell density of OD600 = 0.5, two days of cocultivation, and the incorporation of 1.5 mg L-1 6-BA and 30 mg L-1 kanamycin into the selection medium. Under the optimized conditions, two expression cassettes (proTcCHS-GUS and proRbcS-TcCHS) were successfully transformed into pyrethrum. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Southern blotting, reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), and histochemical staining confirmed the identity of proTcCHS-GUS transgenic plants. PCR and RT-qPCR analyses confirmed the identity of proRbcS-TcCHS transgenic plants. The transformation efficiency was 0.83% (5 transgenic lines/600 infected explants). The relative concentration of pyrethrins in proRbcS-TcCHS transformants (OX T0-1: 1.50% or OX T0-2: 1.24%) was higher than that in nontransformed plants (WT: 0.76%). Thus, the genetic transformation system overcame the low regeneration efficiency and integrated a foreign gene into the pyrethrum genome. The new system is a suitable and effective tool for creating high-yielding cultivars of pyrethrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Zhizhuo Xu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Tuo Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Hao Hu
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
| | - Jing Luo
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.W.)
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biology of Horticultural Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture & Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (J.L.); (Z.X.); (T.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (C.W.)
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Morphological and physiological responses of two willow species from different habitats to salt stress. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18228. [PMID: 33106524 PMCID: PMC7588438 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75349-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant salt tolerance is a complex mechanism, and different plant species have different strategies for surviving salt stress. In the present study, we analyzed and compared the morphological and physiological responses of two willow species (Salix linearistipularis and Salix matsudana) from different habitats to salt stress. S. linearistipularis exhibited higher seed germination rates and seedling root Na+ efflux than S. matsudana under salt stress. After salt treatment, S. linearistipularis leaves exhibited less Na+ accumulation, loss of water and chlorophyll, reduction in photosynthetic capacity, and damage to leaf cell structure than leaves of S. matsudana. Scanning electron microscopy combined with gas chromatography mass spectrometry showed that S. linearistipularis leaves had higher cuticular wax loads than S. matsudana leaves. Overall, our results showed that S. linearistipularis had higher salt tolerance than S. matsudana, which was associated with different morphological and physiological responses to salt stress. Furthermore, our study suggested that S. linearistipularis could be a promising tree species for saline-alkali land greening and improvement.
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Gomes C, Dupas A, Pagano A, Grima-Pettenati J, Paiva JAP. Hairy Root Transformation: A Useful Tool to Explore Gene Function and Expression in Salix spp. Recalcitrant to Transformation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1427. [PMID: 31781143 PMCID: PMC6859806 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Willow (Salix spp. L.) species are fast-growing trees and shrubs that have attracted emergent attention for their potential as feedstocks for bioenergy and biofuel production, as well as for pharmaceutical and phytoremediation applications. This economic and environmental potential has propelled the creation of several genetic and genomic resources for Salix spp. Furthermore, the recent availability of an annotated genome for Salix purpurea has pinpointed novel candidate genes underlying economically relevant traits. However, functional studies have been stalled by the lack of rapid and efficient coupled regeneration-transformation systems for Salix purpurea and Salix spp. in general. In this report, we describe a fast and highly efficient hairy root transformation protocol for S. purpurea. It was effective for different explant sources and S. purpurea genotypes, with efficiencies between 63.4% and 98.7%, and the screening of the transformed hairy roots was easily carried out using the fluorescent marker DsRed. To test the applicability of this hairy root transformation system for gene functional analysis, we transformed hairy roots with the vector pGWAY-SpDRM2, where the gene SpDRM2 encoding a putative Domain Rearranged Methyltransferase (DRM) was placed under the control of the CaMV 35S constitutive promoter. Indeed, the transgenic hairy roots obtained exhibited significantly increased expression of SpDRM2 as compared to controls, demonstrating that this protocol is suitable for the medium/high-throughput functional characterization of candidate genes in S. purpurea and other recalcitrant Salix spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Gomes
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Annabelle Dupas
- LRSV, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UPS, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Andrea Pagano
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jacqueline Grima-Pettenati
- LRSV, Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, UPS, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Jorge Almiro P. Paiva
- Department of Integrative Plant Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- *Correspondence: Jorge Almiro P. Paiva,
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Liu J, Zeng Y, Yan P, He C, Zhang J. Transcriptional and Hormonal Regulation of Weeping Trait in Salix matsudana. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8120359. [PMID: 29189719 PMCID: PMC5748677 DOI: 10.3390/genes8120359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix matsudana is a large and rapidly-growing tree, with erect or spreading branchlets (upright willow). However, S. matsudana var. pseudomatsudana is one of the varietas, with pendulous branchlets (weeping willow). It has high ornamental value for its graceful pendulous branches. In order to study the molecular basis for this weeping trait, leaves and stems collected at different developmental stages were analyzed using RNA-seq coupled with digital gene expression. Although weeping trees are used worldwide as landscape plants, little is known about the genes that control weeping. Our growth results indicated that branches in weeping willow developed and elongated throughout all developmental stages, but branches in upright willow grew rapidly in the initial stages and then grew slowly and began shoot branching in the middle stages. A total of 613 hormone-related genes were differentially expressed in willow development. Among these, genes associated with auxin and gibberellin (GA) were highly likely to be responsible for the weeping trait, and genes associated with auxin and ethylene probably play crucial roles in shoot elongation. The genes with differential expression patterns were used to construct a network that regulated stem development, and auxin-related genes were identified as hub genes in the network in the weeping willow. Our results suggest an important role of gibberellin and auxin in regulating the weeping trait in Salix matsudana. This is the first report on the molecular aspects of hormonal effects on weeping trait in willow using transcriptomics and helps in dissecting the molecular mechanisms by which the weeping trait is controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanfei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Pengcheng Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Cloud Computing Key Technology and Application, Beijing Computing Center, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Caiyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Li S, Zhen C, Xu W, Wang C, Cheng Y. Simple, rapid and efficient transformation of genotype Nisqually-1: a basic tool for the first sequenced model tree. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2638. [PMID: 28572673 PMCID: PMC5453977 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02651-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Genotype Nisqually-1 is the first model woody plant with an available well-annotated genome. Nevertheless, a simple and rapid transformation of Nisqually-1 remains to be established. Here, we developed a novel shoot regeneration method for Nisqually-1 using leaf petiole and stem segment explants. Numerous shoots formed in the incision of explants within two weeks. The optimized shoot regeneration medium (SRM) contained 0.03 mg l-1 6-benzylaminopurine, 0.02 mg l-1 indole-3-butyric acid and 0.0008 mg l-1 thidiazuron. Based on this, Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of stem explants was examined using the vector pBI121 that contains the β-glucuronidase (GUS) as a reporter gene. Consequently, factors affecting transformation frequency of GUS-positive shoots were optimized as follows: Agrobacteria cell suspension with an OD600 of 0.4, 20 min infection time, 2 days of co-cultivation duration and the addition of 80 µM acetosyringone into Agrobacteria infective suspension and co-cultivation SRM. Using this optimized method, transgenic plantlets of Nisqually-1 - with an average transformation frequency of 26.7% - were obtained with 2 months. Southern blot and GUS activity staining confirmed the integration of the foreign GUS gene into Nisqually-1. This novel transformation system for Nisqually-1 was rapid, efficient, and simple to operate and will improve more genetic applications in this model tree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Cheng Zhen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Wenjing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Chong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yuxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Biotechnology for bioenergy dedicated trees: meeting future energy demands. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 73:15-32. [DOI: 10.1515/znc-2016-0185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
With the increase in human demands for energy, purpose-grown woody crops could be part of the global renewable energy solution, especially in geographical regions where plantation forestry is feasible and economically important. In addition, efficient utilization of woody feedstocks would engage in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions, decreasing the challenge of food and energy security, and resolving the conflict between land use for food or biofuel production. This review compiles existing knowledge on biotechnological and genomics-aided improvements of biomass performance of purpose-grown poplar, willow, eucalyptus and pine species, and their relative hybrids, for efficient and sustainable bioenergy applications. This includes advancements in tree in vitro regeneration, and stable expression or modification of selected genes encoding desirable traits, which enhanced growth and yield, wood properties, site adaptability, and biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Genetic modifications used to alter lignin/cellulose/hemicelluloses ratio and lignin composition, towards effective lignocellulosic feedstock conversion into cellulosic ethanol, are also examined. Biotech-trees still need to pass challengeable regulatory authorities’ processes, including biosafety and risk assessment analyses prior to their commercialization release. Hence, strategies developed to contain transgenes, or to mitigate potential transgene flow risks, are discussed.
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Zhang Y, Han X, Chen S, Zheng L, He X, Liu M, Qiao G, Wang Y, Zhuo R. Selection of suitable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR gene expression analysis in Salix matsudana under different abiotic stresses. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40290. [PMID: 28120870 PMCID: PMC5264508 DOI: 10.1038/srep40290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Salix matsudana is a deciduous, rapidly growing willow species commonly cultivated in China, which can tolerate drought, salt, and heavy metal stress conditions. Selection of suitable reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR is important for normalizing the expression of the key genes associated with various stresses. To validate suitable reference genes, we selected 11 candidate reference genes (five traditional housekeeping genes and six novel genes) and analyzed their expression stability in various samples, including different tissues and under different abiotic stress treatments. The expression of these genes was determined using five programs-geNorm, NormFinder, BestKeeper, ΔCt, and RefFinder. The results showed that α-TUB2 (alpha-tubulin 2) and DnaJ (chaperone protein DnaJ 49) were the most stable reference genes across all the tested samples. We measured the expression profiles of the defense response gene SmCAT (catalase) using the two most stable and one least stable reference genes in all samples of S. matsudana. The relative quantification of SmCAT varied greatly according to the different reference genes. We propose that α-TUB2 and DnaJ should be the preferred reference genes for normalization and quantification of transcript levels in future gene expression studies in willow species under various abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
- School of Architectural and Artistic Design, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China
| | - Xiaojiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Shuangshuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Liu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Xuelian He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Mingying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Guirong Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
| | - Yang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Renying Zhuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, The Research Institute of Subtropical of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311400, China
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Allwright MR, Taylor G. Molecular Breeding for Improved Second Generation Bioenergy Crops. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 21:43-54. [PMID: 26541073 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing urgency to develop and deploy sustainable sources of energy to reduce our global dependency on finite, high-carbon fossil fuels. Lignocellulosic feedstocks, used in power and liquid fuel generation, are valuable sources of non-food plant biomass. They are cultivated with minimal inputs on marginal or degraded lands to prevent competition with arable agriculture and offer significant potential for sustainable intensification (the improvement of yield without the necessity for additional inputs) through advanced molecular breeding. This article explores progress made in next generation sequencing, advanced genotyping, association genetics, and genetic modification in second generation bioenergy production. Using poplar as an exemplar where most progress has been made, a suite of target traits is also identified giving insight into possible routes for crop improvement and deployment in the immediate future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike R Allwright
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK
| | - Gail Taylor
- Centre for Biological Sciences, Life Sciences Building, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ Southampton, UK.
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Yang J, Li K, Zheng W, Zhang H, Cao X, Lan Y, Yang C, Li C. Characterization of early transcriptional responses to cadmium in the root and leaf of Cd-resistant Salix matsudana Koidz. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:705. [PMID: 26381125 PMCID: PMC4573677 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-1923-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salix matsudana Koidz. is a fast growing tree species. It has a high cadmium (Cd) tolerance capacity, making it potentially suitable for phytoremediation. Presently, transcriptomic and physiological Cd response mechanisms are poorly understood. Transcriptomic analysis in early response to high (50 μM) Cd levels was investigated in leaf and root of Cd-resistant S. matsudana Koidz.. RESULTS Analysis of the response profiles demonstrate the existence of a complex transcriptional network in the root and leaf when exposed to Cd. The main response in the root involved up-regulation of genes associated with defence response via callose deposition in the cell wall and cell wall thickening. In the leaf, transcripts related to biotic stress signalling and secondary metabolism were activated. Additionally, many lignin and brassinosteroids synthesis pathway genes were induced mainly in the leaf, indicating that gene response to Cd was tissue-specific. The Cd transcriptome results were consistent with observed physiological changes. CONCLUSION The sub-localization, transcriptional network, and physiological regulation demonstrate the tissue-specific manner of Cd response, and provide a novel insight into in early response of tree species to Cd exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Kun Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Wei Zheng
- Research Center on Life Sciences and Environmental Sciences, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, 150076, China.
| | - Haizhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Xudong Cao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Yunxiang Lan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Chuanping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Chenghao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, 150040, China.
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Borland AM, Wullschleger SD, Weston DJ, Hartwell J, Tuskan GA, Yang X, Cushman JC. Climate-resilient agroforestry: physiological responses to climate change and engineering of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as a mitigation strategy. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2015; 38:1833-49. [PMID: 25366937 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change threatens the sustainability of agriculture and agroforestry worldwide through increased heat, drought, surface evaporation and associated soil drying. Exposure of crops and forests to warmer and drier environments will increase leaf:air water vapour-pressure deficits (VPD), and will result in increased drought susceptibility and reduced productivity, not only in arid regions but also in tropical regions with seasonal dry periods. Fast-growing, short-rotation forestry (SRF) bioenergy crops such as poplar (Populus spp.) and willow (Salix spp.) are particularly susceptible to hydraulic failure following drought stress due to their isohydric nature and relatively high stomatal conductance. One approach to sustaining plant productivity is to improve water-use efficiency (WUE) by engineering crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) into C3 crops. CAM improves WUE by shifting stomatal opening and primary CO2 uptake and fixation to the night-time when leaf:air VPD is low. CAM members of the tree genus Clusia exemplify the compatibility of CAM performance within tree species and highlight CAM as a mechanism to conserve water and maintain carbon uptake during drought conditions. The introduction of bioengineered CAM into SRF bioenergy trees is a potentially viable path to sustaining agroforestry production systems in the face of a globally changing climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne M Borland
- School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Division, Bioenergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6407, USA
| | - Stan D Wullschleger
- Climate Change Science Institute, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6301, USA
| | - David J Weston
- Biosciences Division, Bioenergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6407, USA
| | - James Hartwell
- Department of Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Gerald A Tuskan
- Biosciences Division, Bioenergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6407, USA
| | - Xiaohan Yang
- Biosciences Division, Bioenergy Science Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831-6407, USA
| | - John C Cushman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, MS330, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, 89557-0330, USA
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Rao G, Sui J, Zeng Y, He C, Duan A, Zhang J. De novo transcriptome and small RNA analysis of two Chinese willow cultivars reveals stress response genes in Salix matsudana. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109122. [PMID: 25275458 PMCID: PMC4183547 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Salix matsudana Koidz. is a deciduous, rapidly growing, and drought resistant tree and is one of the most widely distributed and commonly cultivated willow species in China. Currently little transcriptomic and small RNAomic data are available to reveal the genes involve in the stress resistant in S. matsudana. Here, we report the RNA-seq analysis results of both transcriptome and small RNAome data using Illumina deep sequencing of shoot tips from two willow variants(Salix. matsudana and Salix matsudana Koidz. cultivar 'Tortuosa'). De novo gene assembly was used to generate the consensus transcriptome and small RNAome, which contained 106,403 unique transcripts with an average length of 944 bp and a total length of 100.45 MB, and 166 known miRNAs representing 35 miRNA families. Comparison of transcriptomes and small RNAomes combined with quantitative real-time PCR from the two Salix libraries revealed a total of 292 different expressed genes(DEGs) and 36 different expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Among the DEGs and DEMs, 196 genes and 24 miRNAs were up regulated, 96 genes and 12 miRNA were down regulated in S. matsudana. Functional analysis of DEGs and miRNA targets showed that many genes were involved in stress resistance in S. matsudana. Our global gene expression profiling presents a comprehensive view of the transcriptome and small RNAome which provide valuable information and sequence resources for uncovering the stress response genes in S. matsudana. Moreover the transcriptome and small RNAome data provide a basis for future study of genetic resistance in Salix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Jinkai Sui
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Yanfei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Caiyun He
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Aiguo Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation, State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, Republic of China
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