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He P, Sardans J, Wang X, Ma C, Man L, Peñuelas J, Han X, Jiang Y, Li MH. Nutritional changes in trees during drought-induced mortality: A comprehensive meta-analysis and a field study. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17133. [PMID: 38273504 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Both macronutrients and micronutrients are essential for tree growth and development through participating in various ecophysiological processes. However, the impact of the nutritional status of trees on their ability to withstand drought-induced mortality remains inconclusive. We thus conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis, compiling data on 11 essential nutrients from 44 publications (493 independent observations). Additionally, a field study was conducted on Pinus sylvestris L. trees with varying drought-induced vitality loss in the "Visp" forest in southern Switzerland. No consistent decline in tree nutritional status was observed during tree mortality. The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower leaf potassium (K), iron (Fe), and copper (Cu) concentrations with tree mortality. However, the field study showed no causal relationships between nutritional levels and the vitality status of trees. This discrepancy is mainly attributed to the intrinsic differences in the two types of experimental designs and the ontogenetic stages of target trees. Nutrient reductions preceding tree mortality were predominantly observed in non-field conditions, where the study was conducted on seedlings and saplings with underdeveloped root systems. It limits the nutrient uptake capacity of these young trees during drought. Furthermore, tree nutritional responses are also influenced by many variables. Specifically, (a) leaf nutrients are more susceptible to drought stress than other organs; (b) reduced tree nutrient concentrations are more prevalent in evergreen species during drought-induced mortality; (c) of all biomes, Mediterranean forests are most vulnerable to drought-induced nutrient deficiencies; (d) soil types affect the direction and extent of tree nutritional responses. We identified factors that influence the relationship between tree nutritional status and drought survival, and proposed potential early-warning indicators of impending tree mortality, for example, decreased K concentrations with declining vitality. These findings contribute to our understanding of tree responses to drought and provide practical implications for forest management strategies in the context of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Jiyang College, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengcang Ma
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liang Man
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xingguo Han
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Mai-He Li
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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González de Andrés E, Gazol A, Querejeta JI, Igual JM, Colangelo M, Sánchez‐Salguero R, Linares JC, Camarero JJ. The role of nutritional impairment in carbon-water balance of silver fir drought-induced dieback. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:4439-4458. [PMID: 35320604 PMCID: PMC9540818 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Rear-edge populations at the xeric distribution limit of tree species are particularly vulnerable to forest dieback triggered by drought. This is the case of silver fir (Abies alba) forests located in Southwestern Europe. While silver fir drought-induced dieback patterns have been previously explored, information on the role played by nutritional impairment is lacking despite its potential interactions with tree carbon-water balances. We performed a comparative analysis of radial growth, intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE), oxygen isotopes (δ18 O) and nutrient concentrations in leaves of declining (DD) and non-declining (ND) trees in silver fir in four forests in the Spanish Pyrenees. We also evaluated the relationships among dieback predisposition, intraspecific trait variation (wood density and leaf traits) and rhizosphere soil physical-chemical properties. The onset of growth decline in DD trees occurred more than two decades ago, and they subsequently showed low growth resilience against droughts. The DD trees presented consistently lower foliar concentrations of nutrients such as P, K, Cu and Ni than ND trees. The strong effects of foliar nutrient status on growth resilience indices support the key role played by mineral nutrition in tree functioning and growth before, during and after drought. In contrast, variability in wood density and leaf morphological traits, as well as soil properties, showed weak relationships with tree nutritional status and drought performance. At the low elevation, warmer sites, DD trees showed stronger climate-growth relationships and lower δ18 O than ND trees. The uncoupling between iWUE and δ18 O, together with the positive correlations between P and K leaf concentrations and δ18 O, point to deeper soil/bedrock water sources and vertical decoupling between nutrient and water uptake in DD trees. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms driving silver fir dieback and highlights the need to incorporate tree nutrition into forest dieback studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Gazol
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE‐CSIC)ZaragozaSpain
| | | | - José M. Igual
- Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Salamanca (IRNASA‐CSIC)SalamancaSpain
| | - Michele Colangelo
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE‐CSIC)ZaragozaSpain
- Scuola di Scienze AgrarieForestaliAlimentarie AmbientaliUniversità della BasilicataPotenzaItaly
| | - Raúl Sánchez‐Salguero
- Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE‐CSIC)ZaragozaSpain
- Dpto. de Sistemas FísicosQuímicos y NaturalesUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevillaSpain
| | - Juan Carlos Linares
- Dpto. de Sistemas FísicosQuímicos y NaturalesUniversidad Pablo de OlavideSevillaSpain
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Topographical influences on foliar nitrogen concentration and stable isotope composition in a Mediterranean-climate catchment. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Saurer M, Cherubini P. Tree physiological responses after biotic and abiotic disturbances revealed by a dual isotope approach. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1-4. [PMID: 33823041 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Saurer
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cherubini
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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Time A, Acevedo E. Effects of Water Deficits on Prosopis tamarugo Growth, Water Status and Stomata Functioning. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:plants10010053. [PMID: 33383674 PMCID: PMC7823844 DOI: 10.3390/plants10010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of water deficit on growth, water status and stomatal functioning of Prosopis tamarugo was investigated under controlled water conditions. The study was done at the Antumapu Experiment Station of the University of Chile. Three levels of water stress were tested: (i) well-watered (WW), (ii) medium stress intensity (low-watered (LW)) and (iii) intense stress (non-watered (NW)), with 10 replicates each level. All growth parameters evaluated, such as twig growth, specific leaf area and apical dominance index, were significantly decreased under water deficit. Tamarugo twig growth decreased along with twig water potential. The stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation decreased significantly under the water deficit condition. Tamarugo maintained a high stomatal conductance at low leaf water potential. In addition, tamarugo reduced its leaf area as a strategy to diminish the water demand. These results suggest that, despite a significant decrease in water status, tamarugo can maintain its growth at low leaf water potential and can tolerate intense water deficit due to a partial stomatal closing strategy that allows the sustaining of CO2 assimilation in the condition of reduced water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alson Time
- Programa Magister en Ciencias Agropecuarias, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa, La Pintana, Santiago 11315, Chile
- Laboratory Relation Soil-Water-Plant (SAP), Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 1004, Chile
| | - Edmundo Acevedo
- Laboratory Relation Soil-Water-Plant (SAP), Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agronomic Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago 1004, Chile
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Relationships between Leaf Anatomy and Physiological Functioning of Southern US Oak Species Differing in Flood Tolerance. FORESTS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/f11010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Research Highlights: Bottomland oaks receive less attention than upland species, however their adaptations to flooding and summer water stress will extend our understanding of the oak genus and links between physiology and leaf anatomy. Background and objectives: Determining links between leaf anatomy and physiology can aid in parameterizing dynamic global vegetation models for oak systems, therefore we sought to (1) compare leaf anatomic, nutrient, and physiological parameters for bottomland oaks differing in flood tolerance, (2) determine correlations across parameters and determine which anatomic and nutrient parameters best predict photosynthetic capacity metrics, and (3) compare these data with reported literature values for oaks across the globe. Materials and Methods: We measured CO2 response curves (A/Ci) on leaves from Nuttall, Shumard, swamp chestnut, water and white oak seedlings planted in the Southeastern United States (US) and estimated stomatal size and density, epidermal cell size, vein density, leaf mass per area (LMA) and nitrogen (N) concentrations. Principal component analysis among these leaf anatomic and nutrient parameters was used to determine the best predictors of photosynthetic parameters including Rubisco-limited carboxylation rate (VCmax) and electron transport limited carboxylation rate (Jmax). Results: We found that although physiological parameters were similar, flood-tolerant oaks had lower leaf N concentrations and larger, more infrequent stomata than less flood-tolerant species. Leaf epidermal properties were correlated with N concentrations and a principal component capturing this correlation as well as principal components correlated with mesophyll conductance and leaf carbon concentrations were found to best explain variation in VCmax and Jmax. These Southeastern US oaks exhibited similar leaf physiological parameters and LMA as oaks reported in the literature but differed in leaf epidermal and stomatal properties as well as leaf N concentrations increasing the reported range of these parameters within the oak genus. Conclusions: Therefore, leaf anatomy and nutrient parameters as opposed to physiology differed across flood tolerance and between bottomland oaks and broader literature values.
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Colangelo M, Camarero JJ, Battipaglia G, Borghetti M, De Micco V, Gentilesca T, Ripullone F. A multi-proxy assessment of dieback causes in a Mediterranean oak species. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 37:617-631. [PMID: 28338766 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpx002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress causes forest dieback that is often explained by two interrelated mechanisms, namely hydraulic failure and carbon starvation. However, it is still unclear which functional and structural alterations, related to these mechanisms, predispose to dieback. Here we apply a multi-proxy approach for the characterization of tree structure (radial growth, wood anatomy) and functioning (δ13C, δ18O and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs)) in tree rings before and after drought-induced dieback. We aim to discriminate which is the main mechanism and to assess which variables can act as early-warning proxies of drought-triggered damage. The study was tailored in southern Italy in two forests (i.e., San Paolo (SP) and Oriolo (OR)) where declining and non-declining trees of a ring-porous tree species (Quercus frainetto Ten.) showing anisohydric behavior coexist. Both stands showed growth decline in response to warm and dry spring conditions, although the onset of dieback was shifted between them (2002 in SP and 2009 in OR). Declining trees displayed a sharp growth drop after this onset with reductions of 49% and 44% at SP and OR sites, respectively. Further, contrary to what we expected, declining trees showed a lower intrinsic water-use efficiency compared with non-declining trees after the dieback onset (with reductions of 9.7% and 5.6% at sites SP and OR, respectively), due to enhanced water loss through transpiration, as indicated by the lower δ18O values. This was more noticeable at the most drought-affected SP stand. Sapwood NSCs did not differ between declining and non-declining trees, indicating no carbon starvation in affected trees. Thus, the characterized structural and functional alterations partially support the hydraulic failure mechanism of dieback. Finally, we show that growth data are reliable early-warning proxies of drought-triggered dieback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Colangelo
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - J Julio Camarero
- Pyrenean Institute of Ecology (IPE-CSIC), Avda Montañana 1005, 50192 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Giovanna Battipaglia
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, Second University of Naples, Caserta, Italy
- École Pratique des Hautes Études (PALECO EPHE), Institut des Sciences de l'Évolution, University of Montpellier 2, F-34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Marco Borghetti
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Veronica De Micco
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici (Naples), Italy
| | - Tiziana Gentilesca
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Francesco Ripullone
- School of Agricultural, Forest, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, viale dell'Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
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