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Ren XX, Chen L, Yu-Chi, Zhao-Li, Su XY, Shun-He, Ye ZH. Development and application of a novel suspension concentrate for seed coating of rice for controlling bakanae disease and seedling rot disease. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1418313. [PMID: 38903191 PMCID: PMC11187768 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1418313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The main rice planting areas in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River are primarily affected by two types of rice seedling diseases: bakanae disease and seedling rot disease. These diseases lead to considerable losses. Seed coating technology effectively protects rice from these diseases and mitigates environmental pollution. We determined the antifungal activity of six fungicides, including phenamacril, azoxystrobin, fludioxonil, metconazole, thifluzamide and prothioconazole against Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon and Curvularia lunata in this study. In addition, the impact of fungicides and surfactants on rice seed germination were determined. Furthermore, phenamacril and fludioxonil were selected as the active components of suspension concentrate for seed coating. The antifungal activity of phenamacril against F. moniliforme Sheldon was 0.139 mg/L and fludioxonil against C. lunata was 0.110 mg/L. PEG-2000 was selected as the surfactant due to its promoting effect on rice seedling. Based on the above findings, 6% phenamacril fludioxonil FS was developed via the wet sand grinding method. The toxicity of 6% phenamacril fludioxonil FS to zebrafish was verified, and field experiments were conducted in five different regions of the Yangtze River Basin. The results indicated minimal toxicity of 6% phenamacril fludioxonil FS to zebrafish. Relative to the control agent consisting of 6.25% phenamacril metalaxyl-M FS, 6% phenamacril fludioxonil FS showed better control effect and exhibited superior efficacy in promoting growth and increasing yield in all five regions. Specifically, the control effect of 6% phenamacril fludioxonil FS on bakanae exceeded 84.83% with the highest yield increasing value recorded at 30.48%. Currently, the market offers a limited selection of suspension concentrate for seed coating of rice. The findings of this study may offer a viable alternative formulation and directions for further research concerning the application of suspension concentrate for seed coating of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xiang Ren
- Institute of Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Li Chen
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu-Chi
- Institute of Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao-Li
- Institute of Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Xian-Yan Su
- Institute of Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
| | - Shun-He
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zheng-He Ye
- Institute of Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei, China
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Liu P, Jiang L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Ye Y, Xue F, Hammock BD, Zhang C. Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual-Readout Immunochromatographic Assay for the Detection of Phenamacril Residues in Agricultural Products. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11241-11250. [PMID: 38709728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The fungicide phenamacril has been employed to manage Fusarium and mycotoxins in crops, leading to persistent residues in the environment and plants. Detecting phenamacril is pivotal for ensuring environmental and food safety. In this study, haptens and artificial antigens were synthesized to produce antiphenamacril monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Additionally, gold nanoparticles coated with a polydopamine shell were synthesized and conjugated with mAbs, inducing fluorescence quenching in quantum dots. Moreover, a dual-readout immunochromatographic assay that combines the positive signal from fluorescence with the negative signal from colorimetry was developed to enable sensitive and precise detection of phenamacril within 10 min, achieving detection limits of 5 ng/mL. The method's reliability was affirmed by using spiked wheat flour samples, achieving a limit of quantitation of 0.05 mg/kg. This analytical platform demonstrates high sensitivity, outstanding accuracy, and robust tolerance to matrix effects, making it suitable for the rapid, onsite, quantitative screening of phenamacril residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuhui Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and the UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Zheng Z, Liu H, Luo X, Liu R, Joe AD, Li H, Sun H, Lin Y, Li Y, Wang Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis provides insights into the resistance regulation mechanism and inhibitory effect of fungicide phenamacril in Fusarium asiaticum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105848. [PMID: 38685210 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium asiaticum is a destructive phytopathogenic fungus that causes Fusarium head blight of wheat (FHB), leading to serious yield and economic losses to cereal crops worldwide. Our previous studies indicated that target-site mutations (K216R/E, S217P/L, or E420K/G/D) of Type I myosin FaMyo5 conferred high resistance to phenamacril. Here, we first constructed one sensitive strain H1S and three point mutation resistant strains HA, HC and H1R. Then we conducted comparative transcriptome analysis of these F. asiaticum strains after 1 and 10 μg·mL-1 phenamacril treatment. Results indicated that 2135 genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) among the sensitive and resistant strains. The DEGs encoding ammonium transporter MEP1/MEP2, nitrate reductase, copper amine oxidase 1, 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, amino-acid permease inda1, succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, 2, 3-dihydroxybenzoic acid decarboxylase, etc., were significantly up-regulated in all the phenamacril-resistant strains. Compared to the control group, a total of 1778 and 2097 DEGs were identified in these strains after 1 and 10 μg·mL-1 phenamacril treatment, respectively. These DEGs involved in 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, chitin synthase 1, multiprotein-bridging factor 1, transcriptional regulatory protein pro-1, amino-acid permease inda1, ATP-dependent RNA helicase DED1, acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2, etc., showed significantly down-regulated expression in phenamacril-sensitive strain but not in resistant strains after phenamacril treatment. In addition, cyanide hydratase, mating-type protein MAT-1, putative purine nucleoside permease, plasma membrane protein yro2, etc., showed significantly co-down-regulated expression in all the strains after phenamacril treatment. Taken together, This study provides deep insights into the resistance regulation mechanism and the inhibitory effect of fungicide phenamacril and these new annotated proteins or enzymes are worth for the discovery of new fungicide targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitian Zheng
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China.
| | - Huaqi Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Xiao Luo
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Runze Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Alexander Dumbi Joe
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Haolin Li
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjng 210014, China
| | - Yanling Lin
- Jiangsu GOOD HARVEST-WEIEN Agrochemical Co., Ltd, Beijing 101318, China
| | - Yanzhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China.
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China.
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Mao Y, Zhang Z, Shen J, Yin X, Wang T, Zheng X, Sheng G, Cai Y, Shen Y, Chen Y, Zhou M, Duan Y. The intrinsic resistance of Fusarium solani to the Fusarium-specific fungicide phenamacril is attributed to the natural variation of both T218S and K376M in myosin5. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 196:105595. [PMID: 37945245 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium solani is responsible for causing root rot in various crops, resulting in wilting and eventual demise. Phenamacril, a specific inhibitor of myosin5 protein, has gained recognition as an effective fungicide against a broad spectrum of Fusarium species. It has been officially registered for controlling Fusarium diseases through spray application, root irrigation, and seed dipping. In this study, phenamacril was observed to exhibit negligible inhibitory effects on F. solani causing crop root rot, despite the absence of prior exposure to phenamacril. Considering the high selectivity of phenamacril, this phenomenon was attributed to intrinsic resistance and further investigated for its underlying mechanism. Sequence alignment analysis of myosin5 proteins across different Fusarium species revealed significant differences at positions 218 and 376. Subsequent homology modeling and molecular docking results indicated that substitutions T218S, K376M, and T218S&K376M impaired the binding affinity between phenamacril and myosin5 in F. solani. Mutants carrying these substitutions were generated via site-directed mutagenesis. A phenamacril-sensitivity test showed that the EC50 values of mutants carrying T218S, K376M, and T218S&K376M were reduced by at least 6.13-fold, 9.66-fold, and 761.90-fold respectively compared to the wild-type strain. Fitness testing indicated that mutants carrying K376M or T218S&K376M had reduced sporulation compared to the wild-type strain. Additionally, mutants carrying T218S exhibited an enhanced virulence compared to the wild-type strain. However, there were no significant differences observed in mycelial growth rates between the mutants and the wild-type strain. Thus, the intrinsic differences observed at positions 218 and 376 in myosin5 between F. solani and other Fusarium species are specifically associated with phenamacril resistance. The identification of these resistance-associated positions in myosin5 of F. solani has significantly contributed to the understanding of phenamacril resistance mechanisms, thereby discouraging the use of phenamacril for controlling F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Ziyang Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jinghan Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoru Yin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tianshi Wang
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuanming Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guilin Sheng
- Institute for the control of Agrochemicals Jiangsu province, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Institute for the control of Agrochemicals Jiangsu province, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Sanya Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China.
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Chen SY, Lai MH, Chu YL, Wu DH, Tung CW, Chen YJ, Chung CL. Identification of qBK2.1, a novel QTL controlling rice resistance against Fusarium fujikuroi. BOTANICAL STUDIES 2023; 64:11. [PMID: 37079162 PMCID: PMC10119339 DOI: 10.1186/s40529-023-00375-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi is an increasing threat to rice production. The infected plants show symptoms such as elongation, slenderness, chlorosis, a large leaf angle, and even death. Bakanae disease is traditionally managed by seed treatment. However, fungicide-resistant F. fujikuroi isolates have emerged in several Asian areas, including Taiwan. This study aimed to identify new bakanae resistance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and provide molecular markers to assist future breeding. RESULTS A population of F2:9 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was derived from the cross between an elite japonica Taiwanese cultivar 'Taikeng 16 (TK16)' and an indica variety 'Budda'. 'Budda' was found highly resistant to all 24 representative isolates of the F. fujikuroi population in Taiwan. For the RIL population, 6,492 polymorphic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the rice genome were obtained by genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technique, and the disease severity index (DSI) was evaluated by inoculation with a highly virulent F. fujikuroi isolate Ff266. Trait-marker association analysis of 166 RILs identified two QTLs in 'Budda'. qBK2.1 (21.97-30.15 Mb) is a novel and first bakanae resistance QTL identified on chromosome 2. qBK1.8 (5.24-8.66 Mb) partially overlaps with the previously reported qBK1.3 (4.65-8.41 Mb) on chromosome 1. The log of odds (LOD) scores of qBK1.8 and qBK2.1 were 4.75 and 6.13, accounting for 4.9% and 8.1% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. 64 RILs carrying both qBK1.8 and qBK2.1 showed lower DSI (7%) than the lines carrying only qBK1.8 (15%), only qBK2.1 (13%), or none of the two QTLs (21%). For the future application of identified QTLs, 11 KBioscience competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers and 3 insertion-deletion (InDel) markers were developed. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other important rice diseases, knowledge of bakanae resistance has been insufficient, which limited the development and deployment of resistant cultivars. The discovery of qBK2.1 has provided a new source of bakanae resistance. The resistant RILs inheriting good plant type, good taste, and high yield characteristics from 'TK16' can be used as good resistance donors. Our newly developed markers targeting qBK2.1 and qBK1.8 can also serve as an important basis for future fine-mapping and resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szu-Yu Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei City, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsin Lai
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, No. 189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist, Taichung City, 413008, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei City, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Hong Wu
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, No. 189, Zhongzheng Rd., Wufeng Dist, Taichung City, 413008, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Tung
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei City, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yue-Jie Chen
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei City, 106319, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chung
- Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei City, 106319, Taiwan.
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Mao CX, Luo J, Zhang Y, Zhang CQ. Targeted deletion of three CYP51s in Fusarium fujikuroi and their different roles in determining sensitivity to 14α-demethylase inhibitor fungicides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:1324-1330. [PMID: 36424479 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium fujikuroi is the pathogenic agent of rice bakanae disease and has developed serious resistance to prochloraz, a 14α-demethylase inhibitor (DMI). Prochloraz resistance in F. fujikuroi is caused by cooperation between FfCyp51B with Cyp51A and shows cross-resistance only to prothioconazole but not to tebuconazole, difenoconazole, propiconazole, metconazole, hexaconazole, and triadimefon. This study aimed to analyze the functions of the three Cyp51s in F. fujikuroi, especially their role in determining sensitivity to DMIs. RESULTS The respective deletion of FfCyp51A, Cyp51B, and Cyp51C had no obvious effect on morphology, conidium germination, or pathogenicity. The involvement of growth, growth and ergosterol biosynthesis, and conidium production and ergosterol biosynthesis was observed for FfCyp51A, Cyp51B, and Cyp51C, respectively. Compared with the sensitive isolate of F. fujikuroi, the effect on sensitivity to the tested DMIs was divided into four groups: (i) both of Cyp51A and Cyp51B positively regulate the sensitivity to prochloraz and prothioconazole; (ii) Cyp51B positively regulate the sensitivity to tebuconazole and metconazole, but negatively regulate the sensitivity to difenoconazole; (iii) Cyp51A and Cyp51B play opposite roles in the sensitivity to triadimefon. Therefore, deletion of Cyp51A in F. fujikuroi confers a higher sensitivity to triadimefon, while deletion of Cyp51B results in a triadimefon-resistant mutant isolate; (iv) deletion of Cyp51B yielded a mutant isolate that was more resistant to propiconazole and hexaconazole. CONCLUSION Sophisticated interactions exist within the three Cyp51 genes to DMIs fungicides sensitivity in F. fujikuroi, and Cyp51B probably plays a more critical role than Cyp51A and Cyp51C. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xin Mao
- Department of Crop Protection, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ju Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Crop Protection, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Qing Zhang
- Department of Crop Protection, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou, China
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Xue Z, Zhong S, Shen J, Sun Y, Gao X, Wang X, Li F, Lu L, Liu X. Multiple Mutations in SDHB and SDHC 2 Subunits Confer Resistance to the Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Cyclobutrifluram in Fusarium fujikuroi. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:3694-3704. [PMID: 36802617 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium fujikuroi is one of the dominant phytopathogenic fungi causing rice bakanae disease worldwide. Cyclobutrifluram is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI), which shows strong inhibitory activity against F. fujikuroi. The baseline sensitivity of 112 F. fujikuroi to cyclobutrifluram was determinated with a mean EC50 value of 0.025 μg/mL. A total of 17 resistant mutants were obtained by fungicide adaptation and displayed equal or slightly weaker fitness than parental isolates, which suggests that the resistance risk of F. fujikuroi to cyclobutrifluram is medium. A positive cross-resistance was detected between cyclobutrifluram and fluopyram. The amino acid substitutions H248L/Y of FfSdhB and G80R or A83V of FfSdhC2 conferred cyclobutrifluram resistance in F. fujikuroi, which was validated by molecular docking and protoplast transformation. The results indicate that the affinity between cyclobutrifluram and FfSdhs obviously decreased after point mutations, causing the resistance of F. fujikuroi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolin Xue
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zhong
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghuan Shen
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Sun
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712110, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Wang
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Syngenta (China) Investment Company, Limited, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Lu
- Syngenta (China) Investment Company, Limited, Shanghai 200120, People's Republic of China
| | - Xili Liu
- China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712110, People's Republic of China
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8
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Shin S, Ryu H, Jung JY, Yoon YJ, Kwon G, Lee N, Kim NH, Lee R, Oh J, Baek M, Choi YS, Lee J, Kim KH. Past and Future Epidemiological Perspectives and Integrated Management of Rice Bakanae in Korea. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2023; 39:1-20. [PMID: 36760045 PMCID: PMC9929170 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.rw.08.2022.0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the past, rice bakanae was considered an endemic disease that did not cause significant losses in Korea; however, the disease has recently become a serious threat due to climate change, changes in farming practices, and the emergence of fungicide-resistant strains. Since the bakanae outbreak in 2006, its incidence has gradually decreased due to the application of effective control measures such as hot water immersion methods and seed disinfectants. However, in 2013, a marked increase in bakanae incidence was observed, causing problems for rice farmers. Therefore, in this review, we present the potential risks from climate change based on an epidemiological understanding of the pathogen, host plant, and environment, which are the key elements influencing the incidence of bakanae. In addition, disease management options to reduce the disease pressure of bakanae below the economic threshold level are investigated, with a specific focus on resistant varieties, as well as chemical, biological, cultural, and physical control methods. Lastly, as more effective countermeasures to bakanae, we propose an integrated disease management option that combines different control methods, including advanced imaging technologies such as remote sensing. In this review, we revisit and examine bakanae, a traditional seed-borne fungal disease that has not gained considerable attention in the agricultural history of Korea. Based on the understanding of the present significance and anticipated risks of the disease, the findings of this study are expected to provide useful information for the establishment of an effective response strategy to bakanae in the era of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soobin Shin
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Hyunjoo Ryu
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Jin-Yong Jung
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Yoon-Ju Yoon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Gudam Kwon
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Nahyun Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Na Hee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Rowoon Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jiseon Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Minju Baek
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Yoon Soo Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Jungho Lee
- Interdisciplinary Program of Agriculture and Forest Meteorology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826,
Korea
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9
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Shakeel Q, Mubeen M, Sohail MA, Ali S, Iftikhar Y, Tahir Bajwa R, Aqueel MA, Upadhyay SK, Divvela PK, Zhou L. An explanation of the mystifying bakanae disease narrative for tomorrow's rice. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1153437. [PMID: 37143531 PMCID: PMC10151534 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1153437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice production is severely hampered by the bakanae disease (Fusarium fujikuroi), formerly recognized as Fusarium moniliforme. F. moniliforme was called the F. fujikuroi species complex (FFSC) because it was later discovered that it had some separate species. The FFSC's constituents are also well recognized for producing phytohormones, which include auxins, cytokinin, and gibberellins (GAs). The normal symptoms of bakanae disease in rice are exacerbated by GAs. The members of the FFSC are responsible for the production of fumonisin (FUM), fusarins, fusaric acid, moniliformin, and beauvericin. These are harmful to both human and animal health. This disease is common around the world and causes significant yield losses. Numerous secondary metabolites, including the plant hormone gibberellin, which causes classic bakanae symptoms, are produced by F. fujikuroi. The strategies for managing bakanae, including the utilization of host resistance, chemical compounds, biocontrol agents, natural goods, and physical approaches, have been reviewed in this study. Bakanae disease is still not entirely preventable, despite the adoption of many different tactics that have been used to manage it. The benefits and drawbacks of these diverse approaches are discussed by the authors. The mechanisms of action of the main fungicides as well as the strategies for resistance to them are outlined. The information compiled in this study will contribute to a better understanding of the bakanae disease and the development of a more effective management plan for it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Shakeel
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Cholistan Institute of Desert Studies, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mustansar Mubeen
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamir Sohail
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Sajjad Ali
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Iftikhar
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
- Yasir Iftikhar
| | - Rabia Tahir Bajwa
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Anjum Aqueel
- Department of Entomology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Sudhir K. Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, VBS Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Lei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Zhou
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Gao X, Peng Q, Yuan K, Li Y, Shi M, Miao J, Liu X. Monitoring and characterization of prochloraz resistance in Fusarium fujikuroi in China. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 187:105189. [PMID: 36127064 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice bakanae disease, caused by Fusarium fujikuroi, is a destructive seed-borne disease throughout the world. Prochloraz, a DMI (C-14α-demethylase inhibitor) fungicide, has been registered in China for >20 years. Prochloraz resistance in F. fujikuroi was severe in China with resistance frequencies of 34.56%, 45.33%, and 48.45% from 2019 to 2021. The fitness of prochloraz-resistant population was lower than that of sensitive population, with an average CFI of 2.86 × 106 and 4.56 × 106, respectively. No cross-resistance was detected between prochloraz and tebuconazole or hexaconazole, and the prochloraz-resistant isolates were still sensitive to fludioxonil, phenamacril, and pydiflumetofen. S312T mutation in Ffcyp51b or overexpression of Ffcyp51a and Ffcyp51b was detected in the highly resistant isolates. AS-PCR primers were designed to detect the prochloraz-resistant isolates with S312T mutation in the field. Resistant isolates carrying S312T mutation were the dominant group in prochloraz-resistant population with frequencies of 43.26%, 23.59%, and 71.20% from 2019 to 2021, which indicated that more attention should be paid to this genotype when monitoring and managing the prochloraz resistance in F. fujikuroi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Qin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Kang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China.
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, China; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing 100193, China.
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11
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Sun C, Li X, Huang B, Li N, Wang A, An C, Jiang J, Shen Y, Wang C, Zhan S, Gooneratne R, Cui H, Wang Y. Construction and characterization of ethyl cellulose-based nano-delivery system for phenamacril. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:1251-1258. [PMID: 36070820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.08.208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Fungicide-resistant Fusarium has become a threaten to wheat production. Novel fungicide formulations can improve the efficacy of active ingredient and minimize the emergence of resistance. Encapsulation of fungicides in biodegradable carriers, especially, in polysaccharide, is a feasible approach to develop environment-friendly and efficient formulation. This study focused on the synthesis of ethyl cellulose-based phenamacril nano-delivery system by combining emulsion-solvent evaporation and high-pressure homogenization technology to improve the control of fusarium head blight in wheat. Emulsifier 125 and Tersperse 2500 were screened from eleven commonly used surfactants. Emulsifier 125 and Tersperse 2500 in a ratio of 2:1 and phenamacril nanocapsules with the mean particle size of 152.5 ± 1.3 nm were prepared. These showed excellent storage stability and wettability on crop leaves. A bioassay comparing the nanocapsules with a commercial preparation against Fusarium graminearum showed significantly improved biological activity. This formulation could be used to effectively not only to control fusarium head blight but also delay the occurrence of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Sun
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xingye Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bingna Huang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ningjun Li
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Changcheng An
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yue Shen
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shenshan Zhan
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Haixin Cui
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.12 South Street of Zhongguancun, Haidian District, Beijing 100081, China.
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12
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Wang C, Duan T, Shi L, Zhang X, Fan W, Wang M, Wang J, Ren L, Zhao X, Wang Y. Characterization of Volatile Organic Compounds Produced by Bacillus siamensis YJ15 and Their Antifungal Activity Against Botrytis cinerea. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2321-2329. [PMID: 35380464 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-01-22-0230-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To develop an effective and environmentally safe strategy to control postharvest gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea, Bacillus siamensis strain YJ15 isolated from blueberry was used to test the biocontrol potential. It is interesting to find that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from strain YJ15 exhibited significant antifungal activity against Botrytis cinerea as well as 11 other plant-pathogenic fungi, with a percentage of mycelial growth inhibition from 74.96 to 92.81%. Additionally, VOCs from strain YJ15 could reduce significantly the disease incidence and lesion diameter with the increasing of fermentation time, indicating great biocontrol potential for controlling blueberry postharvest gray mold. Furthermore, the VOCs were collected by using headspace solid-phase microextraction fiber, and the composition of VOCs was further revealed by using gas chromatography coupled with quadruple mass spectrometry. In total, 24 kinds of VOCs, including 5 alkanes, 2 aldehydes, 3 ketones, 5 alcohols, 1 alkene, 5 acids and esters, 2 aromatic compounds, and 1 sulfur compound, were emitted at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after inoculation. Among these VOCs, eight antifungal VOCs could inhibit mycelial growth of B. cinerea. It is important to highlight that, although 1-butanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most abundant compounds, 2-ethylhexanol, 1-heptanol, and 1,3-xylene have proved to be more toxic to B. cinerea than 3-methyl-1-butanol, propanethioic acid, 2,2-dimethyl-, ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2-heptanone, and 1-butanol, which provide new, promising biofumigants for the control of postharvest gray mold caused by B. cinerea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwei Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P.R. China
| | - Tiankun Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Luxin Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Xiqian Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Weixin Fan
- Experiment Teaching Center, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Meiqin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Lu Ren
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Sustainable Dryland Agriculture (in preparation), Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P.R. China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P.R. China
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Mao Y, Zhao B, Cao Z, Shen J, Xu S, Wu J, Li T, Wang J, Statsyuk N, Shcherbakova L, Zhou M, Duan Y. Risk assessment and molecular mechanism of Fusarium incarnatum resistance to phenamacril. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3394-3403. [PMID: 35514230 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber fruit rot (CFR) caused by Fusarium incarnatum is a devastating fungal disease in cucumber. In recent years, CFR has occurred frequently, resulting in serious yield and quality losses in China. Phenamacril exhibits a specific antifungal activity against Fusarium species. However, no data for phenamacril against F. incarnatum is available. RESULTS The sensitivity of 80 F. incarnatum strains to phenamacril was determined. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values ranged from 0.1134 to 0.3261 μg mL-1 with a mean EC50 value of 0.2170 ± 0.0496 μg mL-1 . A total of seven resistant mutants were obtained from 450 mycelial plugs by phenamacril-taming on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates with 10 μg mL-1 of phenamacril, and the resistant frequency was 1.56%. Phenamacril-resistant mutants showed decreased mycelial growth, conidiation and virulence as compared with the corresponding wild-type strains, indicating that phenamacril resistance suffered a fitness penalty in F. incarnatum. In addition, using sequence analysis, the point mutations of S217P or I424S were discovered in Fimyosin-5 (the target of phenamacril). The site-directed mutagenesis of the S217P, P217S, I424S and S424I substitutions were constructed to reveal the relationship between the point mutations and phenamacril resistance. The results strongly demonstrated that the mutations of S217P and I424S in Fimyosin-5 conferred phenamacril-resistance in F. incarnatum. CONCLUSION Phenamacril-resistant mutants were easily induced and their resistance level was high. The S217P or I424S substitutions in Fimyosin-5 conferring phenamacril resistance were detected and futherly verified by transformation assay with site-directed mutagenesis. Thus, we proposed that the resistance development of F. incarnatum to phenamacril is high risk. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghan Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Natalia Statsyuk
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Liu Y, Ma T, Dong Y, Mao C, Wu J, Zhang C. Bioactivity of mefentrifluconazole against different Fusarium spp. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 186:105169. [PMID: 35973774 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Emergence and development of resistance to 14α-demethylase inhibitors (DMIs) have become a critical issue in both agriculture and medical fields. Mefentrifluconazole, the first isopropanol triazole fungicide belonging to a new subclass of DMIs, has been proposed to show high activity, minimal adverse side effects, and inconsistent cross resistance with other DMIs due to its high structural flexibility. In this study, mefentrifluconazole showed disparate inhibitory activity against the mycelium growth of seven tested Fusarium species. The most sensitive species included F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. commuae, and F. fujikuroi, followed by F. equiseti and F. graminearum, while F. solani was most insensitive. Consistently, mefentrifluconazole presented the strongest inhibiting effects on conidium germination, cell membrane integrity, and ergosterol biosynthesis in F. fujikuroi, followed by F. graminearum, while F. solani ranked last. Further results indicated that all F. fujikuroi isolates causing rice bakanae disease (RBD) were sensitive to mefentrifluconazole regardless of their resistance to prochloraz, tebuconazole, carbendazim, and phenamacril. Additionally, the inoculation tests found that mefentrifluconazole presented a better protective efficacy on rice seedlings when applied 12 h before the F. fujikuroi inoculation, compared to applied 12 h post the inoculation. Overall, this study demonstrated the various bioactivity of mefentrifluconazole combating Fusarium spp. and put new insights into RBD management as well as the applications of DMIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Liu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Tianling Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yi Dong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chenxin Mao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jianyan Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chuanqing Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Sun Y, Shi H, Mao C, Wu J, Zhang C. Activity of a SDHI fungicide penflufen and the characterization of natural-resistance in Fusarium fujikuroi. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 179:104960. [PMID: 34802512 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of bakanae disease of rice caused by the fungus Fusarium fujikuroi in Zhejiang Province has become increasingly aggravated in recent years, concomitant with the development of resistance to the widely applied fungicides, prochloraz and phenamacril. In this study, the activity of a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, penflufen, against different fungi was evaluated in addition to the potential of penflufen in controlling F. fujikuroi infections. Penflufen exhibited good bioactivity against F. fujikuroi, but weak activity against Fusarium spp. and other investigated plant-pathogenic fungi including Colletotrichum spp. In addition to inhibiting mycelial growth, penflufen effectively inhibited F. fujikuroi conidium production. For germination, penflufen could effectively inhibit that of small conidia, but only delay the germination of large conidia. In addition, the sensitivity to penflufen among 100 F. fujikuroi isolates that were collected in areas that were never exposed to SDHIs was determined based on mycelium growth. Sensitivities surprisingly exhibited bimodal distributions, indicating the presence of natural resistance. Cross-resistance was not observed between penflufen in F. fujikuroi and two fungicides that have been extensively applied in field including prochloraz (a DMI) and phenamacril (a 2-cyanoacrylate fungicide), nor with the three SDHIs, fluopyram, benzovindiflupyr, and pydiflumetofen. Additional analysis identified five different point mutations in SDH-A (i.e., at residues 46, 225, 283, 430, and 586) of naturally resistant isolates. These results inform the potential application of the new SDHI fungicide penflufen for managing crop diseases and understanding possible resistance mechanisms among pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Sun
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Haiping Shi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chenxin Mao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jianyan Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chuanqing Zhang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Undefeated-Changing the phenamacril scaffold is not enough to beat resistant Fusarium. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235568. [PMID: 32598376 PMCID: PMC7323951 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamentous fungi belonging to the genus Fusarium are notorious plant-pathogens that infect, damage and contaminate a wide variety of important crops. Phenamacril is the first member of a novel class of single-site acting cyanoacrylate fungicides which has proven highly effective against important members of the genus Fusarium. However, the recent emergence of field-resistant strains exhibiting qualitative resistance poses a major obstacle for the continued use of phenamacril. In this study, we synthesized novel cyanoacrylate compounds based on the phenamacril-scaffold to test their growth-inhibitory potential against wild-type Fusarium and phenamacril-resistant strains. Our findings show that most chemical modifications to the phenamacril-scaffold are associated with almost complete loss of fungicidal activity and in vitro inhibition of myosin motor domain ATPase activity.
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