1
|
Martínez M, Arata A, Dinolfo MI, Lázaro L, Welin B, Stenglein S. Evaluation of PSP1 biostimulant on Fusarium graminearum-wheat pathosystem: impact on disease parameters, grain yield, and grain quality. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:3578-3589. [PMID: 38450978 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant defense elicitors are valuable tools in sustainable agriculture, providing an environmentally friendly and effective means of enhancing plant defense and promoting plant health. Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most important fungal diseases of cereal crops worldwide. The PSP1 is a novel biopesticide formulated based on an elicitor, the extracellular protein AsES, from the fungus Sarocladium strictum. The present work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PSP1 in controlling FHB under field conditions. Experiments were conducted during three consecutive growing seasons (2019, 2020, and 2021). Three biostimulant treatments were tested in different physiological stages (from late tillering to heading stage), and FHB inoculations were performed at anthesis. Disease parameters, seed parameters, grain yield, and grain quality parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Depending on the year and the genotype, reductions in disease incidence (up to 11%) and disease severity (up to 5%) were reported, although these differences could not be attributed to the use of the PSP1 biostimulant. Occasional improvements in seed parameters and grain quality were observed, suggesting that early treatments could work better than late treatments, probably due to early activation/priming of defense response mechanisms. However, more studies are deemed necessary. CONCLUSION The use of PSP1 biostimulant in commercial wheat crops could be a biological alternative or complement to traditional chemical fungicides to manage FHB. The reduced environmental impact and the potential benefits in grain yield and quality are other reasons that can generate new adherents of this technology in worldwide agriculture systems in the coming years. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología, BIOLAB-INBIOTEC-CONICET-CICBA. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Mejoramiento y Genética Vegetal. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustín Arata
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología, BIOLAB-INBIOTEC-CONICET-CICBA. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones Integradas sobre Sistemas Agronómicos Sustentables (CIISAS). Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Inés Dinolfo
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología, BIOLAB-INBIOTEC-CONICET-CICBA. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Mejoramiento y Genética Vegetal. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Laura Lázaro
- Centro de Investigaciones Integradas sobre Sistemas Agronómicos Sustentables (CIISAS). Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Björn Welin
- Instituto de Tecnología Agroindustrial del Noroeste Argentino, Estación Experimental Agroindustrial Obispo Colombres-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Stenglein
- Laboratorio de Biología Funcional y Biotecnología, BIOLAB-INBIOTEC-CONICET-CICBA. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Área de Microbiología. Facultad de Agronomía, UNCPBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fuyao S, Tangwei Z, Yujun X, Chengcheng D, Deji C, Xiaojun Y, Xuelian W, Mduduzi PM, Ademola OO, Jianrong S, Changzhong M, Jianhong X, Ying L, Fei D. Characterization of Fusarium species causing head blight of highland barley (qingke) in Tibet, China. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 418:110728. [PMID: 38696987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Most of the research on the characterization of Fusarium species focused on wheat, barley, rice, and maize in China. However, there has been limited research in highland barley (qingke). Recently, Fusarium head blight (FHB) of qingke was recently observed in Tibet, China, especially around the Brahmaputra River. To gain a better understanding of the pathogens involver, 201 Fusarium isolates were obtained from qingke samples in 2020. Among these isolates, the most abundant species was F. avenaceum (45.3 %), followed by F. equiseti (27.8 %), F. verticillioides (13.9 %), F. acuminatum (9.0 %), F. flocciferum (3.5 %), and F. proliferatum (0.5 %). The distribution of Fusarium species varied along the Brahmaputra River, with F. avenaceum being predominant in the midstream and downstream regions, while F. equiseti was more common in the upstream region. Chemical analyses of all the isolates revealed the production of different mycotoxins by various Fusarium species. It was found that enniatins were produced by F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, and F. flocciferum, beauvericin (BEA) and fumonisins were produced F. proliferatum and F. verticillioides, and zearalenone (ZEN) and nivalenol (NIV) were produced by F. equiseti. Pathogenicity test showed that F. avenaceum was more aggressive in causing FHB compared to F. acuminatum, F. equiseti, and F. flocciferum. The disease severity, measured by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was significantly positively (P < 0.01) correlated with the concentration of total toxins produced by each species. Furthermore, all the Fusarium strains which were used for pathogenicity test were susceptible to carbendazim, and the 50 % effective concentration (EC50) ranged from 0.406 μg/mL to 0.673 μg/mL with an average EC50 of 0.551 ± 0.012 μg/mL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sun Fuyao
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China.; College of Food Science, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, PR China
| | - Zhang Tangwei
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China
| | - Xing Yujun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Dai Chengcheng
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ciren Deji
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China
| | - Yang Xiaojun
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China
| | - Wu Xuelian
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China
| | - P Mokoena Mduduzi
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - O Olaniran Ademola
- School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X54001, Durban, South Africa
| | - Shi Jianrong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Ma Changzhong
- College of Food Science, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, PR China
| | - Xu Jianhong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China
| | - Li Ying
- Institution of Agricultural Product Quality Standard and Testing Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa 850032, PR China; College of Food Science, Xizang Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi 860000, PR China.
| | - Dong Fei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/Key Laboratory for Agro-product Safety Risk Evaluation (Nanjing), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, PR China..
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu P, Jiang L, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Ye Y, Xue F, Hammock BD, Zhang C. Fluorescent and Colorimetric Dual-Readout Immunochromatographic Assay for the Detection of Phenamacril Residues in Agricultural Products. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:11241-11250. [PMID: 38709728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
The fungicide phenamacril has been employed to manage Fusarium and mycotoxins in crops, leading to persistent residues in the environment and plants. Detecting phenamacril is pivotal for ensuring environmental and food safety. In this study, haptens and artificial antigens were synthesized to produce antiphenamacril monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Additionally, gold nanoparticles coated with a polydopamine shell were synthesized and conjugated with mAbs, inducing fluorescence quenching in quantum dots. Moreover, a dual-readout immunochromatographic assay that combines the positive signal from fluorescence with the negative signal from colorimetry was developed to enable sensitive and precise detection of phenamacril within 10 min, achieving detection limits of 5 ng/mL. The method's reliability was affirmed by using spiked wheat flour samples, achieving a limit of quantitation of 0.05 mg/kg. This analytical platform demonstrates high sensitivity, outstanding accuracy, and robust tolerance to matrix effects, making it suitable for the rapid, onsite, quantitative screening of phenamacril residues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Lan Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuhui Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and the UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cunzheng Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology; Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li B, He X, Guo S, Li D, Wang Y, Meng X, Dai P, Hu T, Cao K, Wang S. Characterization of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BA-4 and its biocontrol potential against Fusarium-related apple replant disease. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1370440. [PMID: 38708392 PMCID: PMC11067707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1370440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Apple replant disease (ARD), caused by Fusarium pathogens, is a formidable threat to the renewal of apple varieties in China, necessitating the development of effective and sustainable control strategies. In this study, the bacterial strain BA-4 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of healthy apple trees in a replanted orchard, demonstrating a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against five crucial apple fungal pathogens. Based on its morphology, physiological and biochemical traits, utilization of carbon sources, and Gram stain, strain BA-4 was tentatively identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA and gyrB genes conclusively identified BA-4 as B. amyloliquefaciens. In-depth investigations into B. amyloliquefaciens BA-4 revealed that the strain possesses the capacity to could secrete cell wall degrading enzymes (protease and cellulase), produce molecules analogous to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophores, and solubilize phosphorus and potassium. The diverse attributes observed in B. amyloliquefaciens BA-4 underscore its potential as a versatile microorganism with multifaceted benefits for both plant well-being and soil fertility. The extracellular metabolites produced by BA-4 displayed a robust inhibitory effect on Fusarium hyphal growth and spore germination, inducing irregular swelling, atrophy, and abnormal branching of fungal hyphae. In greenhouse experiments, BA-4 markedly reduced the disease index of Fusarium-related ARD, exhibiting protective and therapeutic efficiencies exceeding 80% and 50%, respectively. Moreover, BA-4 demonstrated plant-promoting abilities on both bean and Malus robusta Rehd. (MR) seedlings, leading to increased plant height and primary root length. Field experiments further validated the biocontrol effectiveness of BA-4, demonstrating its ability to mitigate ARD symptoms in MR seedlings with a notable 33.34% reduction in mortality rate and improved biomass. Additionally, BA-4 demonstrates robust and stable colonization capabilities in apple rhizosphere soil, particularly within the 10-20 cm soil layer, which indicates that it has long-term effectiveness potential in field conditions. Overall, B. amyloliquefaciens BA-4 emerges as a promising biocontrol agent with broad-spectrum antagonistic capabilities, positive effects on plant growth, and strong colonization abilities for the sustainable management of ARD in apple cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Institute of Agricultural Information and Economics, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoxing He
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Saiya Guo
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xianglong Meng
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Pengbo Dai
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Tongle Hu
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Keqiang Cao
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shutong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wen Z, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Shao W, Ma Z. Characterization of the fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistant mutants of Fusarium graminearum. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 200:105815. [PMID: 38582573 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is an important fungal pathogen causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat and other cereal crops worldwide. Due to lack of resistant wheat cultivars, FHB control mainly relies on application of chemical fungicides. Both fludioxonil (a phenylpyrrole compound) and phenamacril (a cyanoacrylate fungicide) have been registered for controlling FHB in China, however, fludioxonil-resistant isolates of F. graminearum have been detected in field. To evaluate the potential risk of dual resistance of F. graminearum to both compounds, fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistant (DR) mutants of F. graminearum were obtained via fungicide domestication in laboratory. Result showed that resistance of the DR mutants to both fludioxonil and phenamacril were genetically stable after sub-cultured for ten generations or stored at 4 °C for 30 days on fungicide-free PDA. Cross-resistance assay showed that the DR mutants remain sensitive to other groups of fungicides, including carbendazim, tebuconazole, pydiflumetofen, and fluazinam. In addition, the DR mutants exhibited defects in mycelia growth, conidiation, mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) production, and virulence Moreover, the DR mutants displayed increased sensitivity to osmotic stress. Sequencing results showed that amino acid point mutations S217L/T in the myosin I protein is responsible for phenamacril resistance in the DR mutants. Our results indicate that mutations leading to fludioxonil and phenamacril dual resistance could result in fitness cost for F. graminearum. Our results also suggest that the potential risk of F. graminearum developing resistance to both fludioxonil and phenamacril in field could be rather low, which provides scientific guidance in controlling FHB with fludioxonil and phenamacril.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziyue Wen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youfu Zhao
- Irrigated Agriculture Research and Extension Center, Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
| | - Wenyong Shao
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen W, Tang B, Hou R, Sun W, Han C, Guo B, Zhao Y, Li C, Sheng C, Zhao Y, Liu F. The natural polycyclic tetramate macrolactam HSAF inhibit Fusarium graminearum through altering cell membrane integrity by targeting FgORP1. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129744. [PMID: 38281534 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is a dominant phytopathogenic fungus causing Fusarium head blight (FHB) in cereal crops. Heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF) is a polycyclic tetramate macrolactam (PoTeM) isolated from Lysobacter enzymogenes that exhibits strong antifungal activity against F. graminearum. HSAF significantly reduces the DON production and virulence of F. graminearum. Importantly, HSAF exhibited no cross-resistance to carbendazim, phenamacril, tebuconazole and pydiflumetofen. However, the target protein of HSAF in F. graminearum is unclear. In this study, the oxysterol-binding protein FgORP1 was identified as the potential target of HSAF using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) combined with RNA-sequence (RNA-seq). The RNA-seq results showed cell membrane and ergosterol biosynthesis were significantly impacted by HSAF in F. graminearum. Molecular docking showed that HSAF binds with arginine 1205 and glutamic acid 1212, which are located in the oxysterol-binding domain of FgORP1. The two amino acids in FgORP1 are responsible for HSAF resistance in F. graminearum though site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, deletion of FgORP1 led to significantly decreased sensitivity to HSAF. Additionally, FgORP1 regulates the mycelial growth, conidiation, DON production, ergosterol biosynthesis and virulence in F. graminearum. Overall, our findings revealed the mode of action of HSAF against F. graminearum, indicating that HSAF is a promising fungicide for controlling FHB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchan Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Tang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongxian Hou
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weibo Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Baodian Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangyang Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaohui Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cong Sheng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yancun Zhao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; Department of Plant Pathology/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, Guizhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matelionienė N, Žvirdauskienė R, Kadžienė G, Zavtrikovienė E, Supronienė S. In Vitro Sensitivity Test of Fusarium Species from Weeds and Non-Gramineous Plants to Triazole Fungicides. Pathogens 2024; 13:160. [PMID: 38392898 PMCID: PMC10892909 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fusarium species are common plant pathogens that cause serious crop losses worldwide. Fusarium spp. colonize not only the main host plants, crops, but also alternative hosts. The effectiveness of fungicide use in disease management ranges from very successful to possibly promoting the growth of the pathogen. Triazole fungicides are widely used to control these pathogens due to their broad-spectrum activity and systemic nature. This paper reviews the sensitivity of 40 Fusarium strains isolated from weeds, non-gramineous plants, and spring wheat to metconazole, prothioconazole, and tebuconazole. The effect of fungicides was determined by the percentage inhibition of F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. sporotrichioides, and F. avenaceum fungal mycelial growth. The 50% effective concentration (EC50) values of all isolates on metconazole were lower than 2.9 mg L-1, prothioconazole EC50 ranged from 0.12 to 23.6 mg L-1, and tebuconazole ranged from 0.09 to 15.6 mg L-1. At 0.00025-0.025 mg L-1, the fungicides were ineffective, except for the growth of the F. avenaceum species. It was observed that isolates from weeds were more sensitive to low concentrations of fungicide than isolates from crop plants. In general, information is scarce regarding the comparison of fungicide resistance in Fusarium isolates from weed and crop plants, making this study an additional contribution to the existing knowledge base.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Matelionienė
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (E.Z.)
| | - Renata Žvirdauskienė
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (E.Z.)
| | - Gražina Kadžienė
- Department of Soil and Crop Management, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania;
| | - Evelina Zavtrikovienė
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (E.Z.)
| | - Skaidrė Supronienė
- Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Instituto al. 1, Akademija, LT-58344 Kedainiai, Lithuania; (R.Ž.); (E.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mao Y, Wu J, Song W, Zhao B, Zhao H, Cai Y, Wang J, Zhou M, Duan Y. Occurrence and Chemical Control Strategy of Wheat Brown Foot Rot Caused by Microdochium majus. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3523-3530. [PMID: 37486274 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-23-0392-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Wheat brown foot rot (WBFR), caused by a variety of phytopathogenic fungi, is an important soilborne and seedborne disease of wheat. WBFR causes wheat lodging and seedling dieback, which seriously affect the yield and quality of wheat. In this study, 64 isolates of WBFR were isolated from different wheat fields in Yancheng city, Jiangsu Province, China. The internal transcribed spacer, elongation factor 1α, and RNA polymerase II subunit were amplified and the sequencing results of the fragments were analyzed with BLAST in NCBI. Through morphological and molecular identification, all of the isolates were identified as Microdochium majus. Verification by Koch's postulates confirmed that M. majus was the pathogen causing WBFR. The antifungal activities of fludioxonil and prochloraz against 64 isolates of M. majus were determined based on mycelial growth inhibition method. The results showed that fludioxonil and prochloraz had good antifungal activity against M. majus. The mean 50% effective concentration values of fludioxonil and prochloraz against M. majus were 0.2956 ± 0.1285 μg/ml and 0.0422 ± 0.0157 μg/ml, respectively. Control efficacy for seed-coating treatments conducted in a greenhouse indicated that M. majus severely damaged the normal growth of wheat, while seed coating with fludioxonil or prochloraz significantly reduced the disease incidence and improved the seedling survival rates. At fludioxonil doses of 7.5 g per 100 kg and prochloraz doses of 15 g per 100 kg, the incidence was reduced by 22.26 and 25.33%, seedling survival rates increased by 25.37 and 22.66%, and control efficacy reached 70.02 and 72.30%, respectively. These findings provide vital information for the accurate diagnosis and effective management of WBFR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Sanya Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Jian Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Wen Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Sanya Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ntasiou P, Samaras A, Papadakis EN, Menkissoglu-Spiroudi U, Karaoglanidis GS. Aggressiveness and Patulin Production in Penicillium expansum Multidrug Resistant Strains with Different Expression Levels of MFS and ABC Transporters, in the Presence or Absence of Fludioxonil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1398. [PMID: 36987088 PMCID: PMC10056477 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Penicillium expansum is the most common postharvest pathogen of apple fruit, causing blue mold disease. Due to the extensive use of fungicides, strains resistant to multiple chemical classes have been selected. A previous study by our group proposed that the overexpression of MFS (major facilitator superfamily) and ABC (ATP binding cassette) transporters constitute an alternative resistance mechanism in Multi Drug resistant (MDR) strains of this pathogen. This study was initiated to determine two main biological fitness parameters of MDR strains: aggressiveness against apple fruit and patulin production. In addition, the expression pattern of efflux transporters and hydroxylase-encoding genes that belong to the patulin biosynthesis pathway, in the presence or absence of fludioxonil and under in vitro and in vivo conditions were investigated. Results showed that the MDR strains produced higher concentrations of patulin but showed a lower pathogenicity compared to the wild-type isolates. Moreover, expression analysis of patC, patM and patH genes indicated that the higher expression levels do not correlate with the detected patulin concentration. The selection of MDR strains in P. expansum populations and the fact that they produce more patulin, constitutes a serious concern not only for successful disease control but also for human health. The above-mentioned data represent the first report of MDR in P. expansum associated with its patulin-production ability and the expression level of patulin biosynthesis pathway genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Ntasiou
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Anastasios Samaras
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.N.); (A.S.)
| | - Emmanouil-Nikolaos Papadakis
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.-N.P.); (U.M.-S.)
| | - Urania Menkissoglu-Spiroudi
- Pesticide Science Laboratory, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (E.-N.P.); (U.M.-S.)
| | - George S. Karaoglanidis
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, School of Agriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Environment, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (P.N.); (A.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ji C, Guo D, He R, Zhao M, Fan J. Triticonazole enantiomers induced enantioselective metabolic phenotypes in Fusarium graminearum and HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:75978-75988. [PMID: 35665887 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The management of Fusarium head blight relies heavily on triazole fungicides. Most of triazole fungicides are chiral, and their enantioselective effects on metabolic phenotypes are poorly understood. Herein, we analyzed the bioactivity of triticonazole against Fusarium graminearum, and 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics was used to assess the metabolic disturbances of triticonazole enantiomers in Fusarium graminearum and human hepatocarcinoma cells. Results indicated that the bioactivity of R-triticonazole was 4.28-fold higher than its antipode since it bound stronger with fungal CYP51B and induced more abnormal metabolic processes of Fusarium graminearum, including lipid metabolism, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism. In human hepatocarcinoma cells, pathways of "alanine, aspartic acid and glutamate metabolism" and "pyruvate metabolism" were disturbed significantly by R-triticonazole; "phenylalanine metabolism" and "taurine-hypotaurine metabolism" were abnormal in the exposure of S-triticonazole. These results suggested that R- and S-triticonazole could affect different metabolic pathways of human hepatocarcinoma cells, and the massively use of inefficient S-triticonazole should be avoided. Our data will help to better understand the enantioselectivity of chiral pesticides and provide a reference for the development of green pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pollution Exposure and Health Intervention Technology, Interdisciplinary Research Academy, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rujian He
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Jun Fan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu J, Jiang J, Guo X, Qian L, Xu J, Che Z, Chen G, Liu S. Sensitivity and Resistance Risk Assessment of Fusarium graminearum from Wheat to Prothioconazole. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2097-2104. [PMID: 35171639 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-21-2684-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most devastating diseases of wheat. Prothioconazole is a broad-spectrum demethylation inhibitor fungicide with excellent efficacy against FHB. In this study, 235 strains of F. graminearum collected from different regions of Henan Province of China in 2016, 2017, and 2018 were randomly selected. The sensitivity of F. graminearum to prothioconazole was determined by the mycelial growth inhibition method. The results showed that the half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values of F. graminearum to prothioconazole ranged from 0.4742 to 3.4403 μg/ml, and the average EC50 value was 1.7758 ± 0.6667 μg/ml. The sensitivity frequency distribution presented a consequent unimodal curve, and thus the average EC50 value can be established as the baseline sensitivity of F. graminearum to prothioconazole. Ten strains of prothioconazole-resistant mutants were obtained by fungicide taming, and the resistance factor of the mutants ranged from 5.71 to 12.32. The genetic stability assay showed that resistance can be inherited stably for 10 generations. All mutants displayed different degrees of defects in vegetative growth, conidia formation, and pathogenicity compared with the parental strain. These results indicated that F. graminearum has a low risk of resistance to prothioconazole. Cross-resistance assay showed that no cross-resistance was found between prothioconazole and carbendazim, tebuconazole, phenamacril, and pydiflumetofen. Among all mutants, sequence analysis showed that no mutation site was found in cyp51A and cyp51B. Real-time PCR assays showed that the expression levels of cyp51A and cyp51B of the mutants were significantly increased after prothioconazole treatment for 24 h. In summary, our study provided a theoretical basis for the resistance risk assessment of F. graminearum to prothioconazole and scientific application of prothioconazole in controlling FHB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinliang Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Xuhao Guo
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Le Qian
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jianqiang Xu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhiping Che
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Genqiang Chen
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Shengming Liu
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mao Y, Zhao B, Cao Z, Shen J, Xu S, Wu J, Li T, Wang J, Statsyuk N, Shcherbakova L, Zhou M, Duan Y. Risk assessment and molecular mechanism of Fusarium incarnatum resistance to phenamacril. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:3394-3403. [PMID: 35514230 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber fruit rot (CFR) caused by Fusarium incarnatum is a devastating fungal disease in cucumber. In recent years, CFR has occurred frequently, resulting in serious yield and quality losses in China. Phenamacril exhibits a specific antifungal activity against Fusarium species. However, no data for phenamacril against F. incarnatum is available. RESULTS The sensitivity of 80 F. incarnatum strains to phenamacril was determined. The half maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) values ranged from 0.1134 to 0.3261 μg mL-1 with a mean EC50 value of 0.2170 ± 0.0496 μg mL-1 . A total of seven resistant mutants were obtained from 450 mycelial plugs by phenamacril-taming on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates with 10 μg mL-1 of phenamacril, and the resistant frequency was 1.56%. Phenamacril-resistant mutants showed decreased mycelial growth, conidiation and virulence as compared with the corresponding wild-type strains, indicating that phenamacril resistance suffered a fitness penalty in F. incarnatum. In addition, using sequence analysis, the point mutations of S217P or I424S were discovered in Fimyosin-5 (the target of phenamacril). The site-directed mutagenesis of the S217P, P217S, I424S and S424I substitutions were constructed to reveal the relationship between the point mutations and phenamacril resistance. The results strongly demonstrated that the mutations of S217P and I424S in Fimyosin-5 conferred phenamacril-resistance in F. incarnatum. CONCLUSION Phenamacril-resistant mutants were easily induced and their resistance level was high. The S217P or I424S substitutions in Fimyosin-5 conferring phenamacril resistance were detected and futherly verified by transformation assay with site-directed mutagenesis. Thus, we proposed that the resistance development of F. incarnatum to phenamacril is high risk. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baoquan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghan Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaohua Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Institute of Plant Protection and Agro-Products Safety, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Natalia Statsyuk
- All-Russian Research Institute of Phytopathology, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li C, Fan S, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Luo J, Liu C. Toxicity, bioactivity of triazole fungicide metconazole and its effect on mycotoxin production by Fusarium verticillioides: New perspective from an enantiomeric level. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 828:154432. [PMID: 35278556 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The chiral triazole fungicide metconazole has four stereoisomers, is a broad-spectrum fungicide and is widely used for controlling Fusarium head blight caused by Fusarium species. In this study, systemic assessments of metconazole stereoisomers were performed, including stereoselective toxicity toward the aquatic organism Daphnia magna, fungicidal activity and effects on fumonisin production by the pathogen Fusarium verticillioides (F. verticillioides) in relation to different conditions. The toxicity of metconazole was enantioselective, and there was a 2.1-2.9-fold difference. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) increased and decreased, respectively, after treatment with metconazole stereoisomers, and the differences were observed among the stereoisomers. Among the four stereoisomers, (1S,5R)-metconazole showed the highest fungicidal activity under all assayed conditions, and the differences ranged from 4.4 to 45.2 times. Moreover, metconazole stereoisomers can stereoselectively affect on fumonisin B1 production by F. verticillioides and abiotic factors, such as water activity and temperature, play an important role. Our study provides new insight into metconazole at the stereoisomeric level, including its toxicity, bioactivity, and effect on Fusarium species producing mycotoxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaofeng Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shuai Fan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianjun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Chenglan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road 483, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhao H, Tao X, Song W, Xu H, Li M, Cai Y, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. Mechanism of Fusarium graminearum Resistance to Ergosterol Biosynthesis Inhibitors: G443S Substitution of the Drug Target FgCYP51A. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:1788-1798. [PMID: 35129347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c07543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by the Fusarium graminearum species complex, is a devastating fungal disease resulting in substantial yield and quality losses. Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors (EBIs) are the most popular chemicals for controlling FHB. Recently, the resistance of F. graminearum to EBIs has emerged in the field, and an amino acid substitution (G443S) of the sterol 14α-demethylase FgCYP51A was detected in the field resistant strains. To further illustrate the resistance mechanism of F. graminearum to EBIs, site-directed mutants conferring the G443S substitution of FgCYP51A were generated from the progenitor strain PH-1 via genetic transformation with site-directed mutagenesis. We found that the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution significantly decreased the sensitivity of F. graminearum to EBIs with EC50 values ranging from 0.1190 to 0.2302 μg mL-1 and EC90 values ranging from 1.3420 to 9.1119 μg mL-1 for tebuconazole. Furthermore, the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution decreased sexual reproduction and virulence, which will reduce the initial infection source of pathogen populations in the field, while the increase of sporulation capability may enhance the frequencies of the disease cycle, thereby contributing to epidemics of FHB disease. Surprisingly, the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution accelerated DON biosynthesis by upregulating TRI5 expression and enhancing the fluorescence intensity of TRI1-GFP, the marker protein of Fusarium toxisomes. Thus, we concluded that the FgCYP51A-G443S substitution regulates EBI-fungicide resistance and DON biosynthesis, increasing the risk of fungicide resistance development in the field, thereby threatening the control efficacy of EBIs against FHB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xian Tao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wen Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haorong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiqiang Cai
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
de Chaves MA, Reginatto P, da Costa BS, de Paschoal RI, Teixeira ML, Fuentefria AM. Fungicide Resistance in Fusarium graminearum Species Complex. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:62. [PMID: 34994875 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Fusariosis affects cereal grain crops worldwide and is responsible for devastating crops, reducing grain quality and yield, and producing strong mycotoxins. Benzimidazoles and triazoles were recommended to combat fusariosis; however, there were reports of resistance, making it necessary to reflect on the reasons for this occurrence. The purpose of this review was to evaluate the fusariosis resistance to the main agricultural fungicides, to observe whether this resistance can cause changes in the production of mycotoxins, and to verify the influence of resistance on the cereal grain production chain. Scientific articles were selected from the ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Pubmed databases, published at maximum 10 years ago and covering the main fungicide classes that combat phytopathogenesis and mycotoxin production. A high occurrence of resistance to carbendazim was found, while few reports of resistance to triazoles are available. The effectiveness of strobilurins is doubtful, due to an increase of mycotoxins linked to it. It is possible to conclude that the large-scale use of fungicides can select resistant strains that will contribute to an increase in the production of mycotoxins and harm sectors of the world economy, not only the agriculture, but also sanitation and foreign trade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Antunes de Chaves
- Graduate Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Applied Mycology, School of Pharmacy, Annex II, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, São Luís, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Paula Reginatto
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Souza da Costa
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Alexandre Meneghello Fuentefria
- Graduate Program in Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Chen W, Wei L, Li X, Ma H, Lou T, Zhang P, Zheng H, Zhu X, Zhang Y, Liu F, Chen C, Yang G. Point Mutations in FgSdhC2 or in the 5' Untranslated Region of FgSdhC1 Confer Resistance to a Novel Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor Flubeneteram in Fusarium graminearum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:13006-13019. [PMID: 34723519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c04363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum is one of the phytopathogenic fungi causing cereal fusarium head blight worldwide. Flubeneteram (Flu) is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) which exhibits strong fungicidal activity against F. graminearum. In this study, four Flu-resistant (FluR) mutants were generated by fungicide domestication from the wildtype strain PH-1. Sequencing alignment results of FgSdh from PH-1 and FluR mutants showed that all the mutations could be categorized into three resistant genotypes. Genotype I had an A-to-T mutation at the -57 bp of the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of FgSdhC1, while genotypes II and III carried nonsynonymous mutations conferring T77I or R86C in FgSdhC2, respectively. All the mutations conferring the Flu resistance and causing fitness penalty were validated. The genotype I mutant showed high Flu-resistance, while genotype II and III mutants exhibited low Flu resistance. Additionally, all the FluR genotypes showed distinct cross-resistance patterns among the five SDHIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingling Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiujuan Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongyu Ma
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Tiancheng Lou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Huanhuan Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaolei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079 Hubei, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Fengquan Liu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Changjun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095 Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangfu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079 Hubei, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tao X, Zhao H, Xu H, Li Z, Wang J, Song X, Zhou M, Duan Y. Antifungal Activity and Biological Characteristics of the Novel Fungicide Quinofumelin Against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT DISEASE 2021; 105:2567-2574. [PMID: 33404275 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-20-1821-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a devastating plant pathogen with a broad host range and worldwide distribution. The application of chemical fungicides is a primary strategy for controlling this pathogen. However, under the high selective pressure of chemical fungicides, fungicide resistance has emerged and gradually increased, resulting in the failure to control S. sclerotiorum in the field. Quinofumelin is a novel quinoline fungicide, but its antifungal activities against plant pathogens have been rarely reported. Here, we determined the antifungal activity of quinofumelin against S. sclerotiorum in vitro and in planta. The median effect concentration (EC50) values ranged from 0.0004 to 0.0059 µg ml-1 with a mean EC50 of 0.0017 ± 0.0009 µg ml-1 and were normally distributed (P = 0.402). In addition, no cross resistance was observed between quinofumelin and other fungicides, dimethachlone, boscalid, or carbendazim, which are commonly used to manage S. sclerotiorum. Quinofumelin did not affect glycerol and oxalic acid production of either carbendazim-sensitive or -resistant isolates. Moreover, quinofumelin exhibited excellent protective, curative, and translaminar activity against S. sclerotiorum on oilseed rape leaves. Protective activity was higher than curative activity. Interestingly, quinofumelin inhibited the formation of the infection cushion in S. sclerotiorum, which may contribute to the control efficacy of quinofumelin against S. sclerotiorum in the field. Our findings indicate that quinofumelin has excellent control efficacy against S. sclerotiorum in vitro and in planta as compared with extensively used fungicides and could be used to manage carbendazim- and dimethachlone-resistance in S. sclerotiorum in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Tao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haorong Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhongke Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiushi Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kesawat MS, Kherawat BS, Singh A, Dey P, Kabi M, Debnath D, Saha D, Khandual A, Rout S, Manorama, Ali A, Palem RR, Gupta R, Kadam AA, Kim HU, Chung SM, Kumar M. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Brassinazole-resistant ( BZR) Gene Family and Its Expression in the Various Developmental Stage and Stress Conditions in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8743. [PMID: 34445448 PMCID: PMC8395832 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) play crucial roles in various biological processes, including plant developmental processes and response to diverse biotic and abiotic stresses. However, no information is currently available about this gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the present investigation, we identified the BZR gene family in wheat to understand the evolution and their role in diverse developmental processes and under different stress conditions. In this study, we performed the genome-wide analysis of the BZR gene family in the bread wheat and identified 20 TaBZR genes through a homology search and further characterized them to understand their structure, function, and distribution across various tissues. Phylogenetic analyses lead to the classification of TaBZR genes into five different groups or subfamilies, providing evidence of evolutionary relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana, Zea mays, Glycine max, and Oryza sativa. A gene exon/intron structure analysis showed a distinct evolutionary path and predicted the possible gene duplication events. Further, the physical and biochemical properties, conserved motifs, chromosomal, subcellular localization, and cis-acting regulatory elements were also examined using various computational approaches. In addition, an analysis of public RNA-seq data also shows that TaBZR genes may be involved in diverse developmental processes and stress tolerance mechanisms. Moreover, qRT-PCR results also showed similar expression with slight variation. Collectively, these results suggest that TaBZR genes might play an important role in plant developmental processes and various stress conditions. Therefore, this work provides valuable information for further elucidate the precise role of BZR family members in wheat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahipal Singh Kesawat
- Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Bhagwat Singh Kherawat
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bikaner II, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University, Bikaner 334603, India;
| | - Anupama Singh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Prajjal Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Mandakini Kabi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Debanjana Debnath
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Debanjana Saha
- Department of Biotechnology, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneshwar 752050, India;
| | - Ansuman Khandual
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Sandeep Rout
- Faculty of Agriculture, Sri Sri University, Cuttack 754-006, India; (A.S.); (P.D.); (M.K.); (D.D.); (A.K.); (S.R.)
| | - Manorama
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Raipur 49200, India;
| | - Asjad Ali
- Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Mareeba, QLD 4880, Australia;
| | - Ramasubba Reddy Palem
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Biomedical Campus, Dongguk University, Seoul 10326, Korea;
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Avinash Ashok Kadam
- Research Institute of Biotechnology and Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, 32 Dongguk-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Uk Kim
- Department of Bioindustry and Bioresource Engineering, Plant Engineering Research Institute, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Sang-Min Chung
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| | - Manu Kumar
- Department of Life Science, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) Gene Family Reveals Role in Developmental and Various Stress Conditions in Triticum aestivum L. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147396. [PMID: 34299014 PMCID: PMC8303626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
PIN-FORMED (PIN) genes play a crucial role in regulating polar auxin distribution in diverse developmental processes, including tropic responses, embryogenesis, tissue differentiation, and organogenesis. However, the role of PIN-mediated auxin transport in various plant species is poorly understood. Currently, no information is available about this gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In the present investigation, we identified the PIN gene family in wheat to understand the evolution of PIN-mediated auxin transport and its role in various developmental processes and under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In this study, we performed genome-wide analysis of the PIN gene family in common wheat and identified 44 TaPIN genes through a homology search, further characterizing them to understand their structure, function, and distribution across various tissues. Phylogenetic analyses led to the classification of TaPIN genes into seven different groups, providing evidence of an evolutionary relationship with Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa. A gene exon/intron structure analysis showed a distinct evolutionary path and predicted the possible gene duplication events. Further, the physical and biochemical properties, conserved motifs, chromosomal, subcellular localization, transmembrane domains, and three-dimensional (3D) structure were also examined using various computational approaches. Cis-elements analysis of TaPIN genes showed that TaPIN promoters consist of phytohormone, plant growth and development, and stress-related cis-elements. In addition, expression profile analysis also revealed that the expression patterns of the TaPIN genes were different in different tissues and developmental stages. Several members of the TaPIN family were induced during biotic and abiotic stress. Moreover, the expression patterns of TaPIN genes were verified by qRT-PCR. The qRT-PCR results also show a similar expression with slight variation. Therefore, the outcome of this study provides basic genomic information on the expression of the TaPIN gene family and will pave the way for dissecting the precise role of TaPINs in plant developmental processes and different stress conditions.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bian C, Duan Y, Xiu Q, Wang J, Tao X, Zhou M. Mechanism of validamycin A inhibiting DON biosynthesis and synergizing with DMI fungicides against Fusarium graminearum. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2021; 22:769-785. [PMID: 33934484 PMCID: PMC8232029 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a vital virulence factor of Fusarium graminearum, which causes Fusarium head blight (FHB). We recently found that validamycin A (VMA), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, can be used to control FHB and inhibit DON contamination, but its molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we found that both neutral and acid trehalase (FgNTH and FgATH) are the targets of VMA in F. graminearum, and the deficiency of FgNTH and FgATH reduces the sensitivity to VMA by 2.12- and 1.79-fold, respectively, indicating that FgNTH is the main target of VMA. We found FgNTH is responsible for vegetative growth, FgATH is critical to sexual reproduction, and both of them play an important role in conidiation and virulence in F. graminearum. We found that FgNTH resided in the cytoplasm, affected the localization of FgATH, and positively regulated DON biosynthesis; however, FgATH resided in vacuole and negatively regulated DON biosynthesis. FgNTH interacted with FgPK (pyruvate kinase), a key enzyme in glycolysis, and the interaction was reduced by VMA; the deficiency of FgNTH affected the localization of FgPK under DON induction condition. Strains with a deficiency of FgNTH were more sensitive to demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides. FgNTH regulated the expression level of FgCYP51A and FgCYP51B by interacting with FgCYP51B. Taken together, VMA inhibits DON biosynthesis by targeting FgNTH and reducing the interaction between FgNTH and FgPK, and synergizes with DMI fungicides against F. graminearum by decreasing FgCYP51A and FgCYP51B expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jueyu Wang
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xian Tao
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant ProtectionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Xiu Q, Bi L, Xu H, Li T, Zhou Z, Li Z, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. Antifungal Activity of Quinofumelin against Fusarium graminearum and Its Inhibitory Effect on DON Biosynthesis. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13050348. [PMID: 34066154 PMCID: PMC8151098 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13050348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusarium graminearum, causal agent of Fusarium head blight (FHB), causes a huge economic loss. No information is available on the activity of quinofumelin, a novel quinoline fungicide, against F. graminearum or other phytopathogens. In this study, we used mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition methods to determine the inhibitory effect of quinofumelin against F. graminearum in vitro. The results indicated that quinofumelin excellently inhibited mycelial growth and spore germination of F. graminearum, with the average EC50 values of 0.019 ± 0.007 μg/mL and 0.087 ± 0.024 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, we found that quinofumelin could significantly decrease deoxynivalenol (DON) production and inhibit the expression of DON-related gene TRI5 in F. graminearum. Furthermore, we found that quinofumelin could disrupt the formation of Fusarium toxisome, a structure for producing DON. Western blot analysis demonstrated that the translation level of TRI1, a marker gene for Fusarium toxisome, was suppressed by quinofumelin. The protective and curative assays indicated that quinofumelin had an excellent control efficiency against F. graminearum on wheat coleoptiles. Taken together, quinofumelin exhibits not only an excellent antifungal activity on mycelial growth and spore germination, but also could inhibit DON biosynthesis in F. graminearum. The findings provide a novel candidate for controlling FHB caused by F. graminearum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Lianyu Bi
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Haorong Xu
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhongke Li
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- Department of Pesticide Science, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (Q.X.); (L.B.); (H.X.); (T.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.L.); (J.W.)
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence: (Y.D.); (M.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yang G, Shi L, Pan Z, Wu L, Fan L, Wang C, Xu C, Liang J. The synthesis of coumarin thiazoles containing a trifluoromethyl group and their antifungal activities. ARAB J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
|
23
|
Chen W, Wei L, Zhao W, Wang B, Zheng H, Zhang P, Lou T, Duan Y, Hou Y, Zhou M, Chen C. Resistance risk assessment for a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor pydiflumetofen in Fusarium asiaticum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:538-547. [PMID: 32816384 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium asiaticum is one of predominant pathogens of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in China. Pydiflumetofen (Pyd) is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) which has been commercialized in China for the controlling of wheat FHB since 2019. In the current study, a risk assessment of the pydiflumetofen-resistance selected in Fusarium asiaticum was investigated. RESULTS One PydMR mutant [resistance factor (RF) < 80] and four PydHR mutants (RF > 3000) were generated by fungicide-taming from 1000 mycelial discs of the wild-type strain 2021. Nucleotide sequences alignment results of FaSdh from the wild-type strain and resistant mutants showed that all the mutations were categorized into three genotypes, i.e. FaSdhBH248Y from PydMR mutant, both FaSdhC1 A64V and FaSdhC1 R67K from PydHR mutants. All the resistant mutants possessed no fitness penalty based on the data of mycelial linear growth, conidiation and virulence. In addition, the FaSdhC1 A64V mutants showed positive cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and boscalid or thifluzamide, but no cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and Y13149 or Y12196, while the FaSdhC1 R67K mutants exhibited positive cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and boscalid, thifluzamide or Y12196, and no cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and Y13149. Furthermore, positive cross-resistance between the five tested SDHIs was detected in the FaSdhBH248Y mutants. CONCLUSION The results suggest a moderate to high resistance risk of F. asiaticum to pydiflumetofen, and provide essential data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and resistance management strategies for pydiflumetofen, which will be useful for scientific application of this fungicide in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenchan Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Wei
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weicheng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingran Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Zheng
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiancheng Lou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Changjun Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shi Y, Ye Z, Hu P, Wei D, Gao Q, Zhao Z, Xiao J, Liao M, Cao H. Removal of prothioconazole using screened microorganisms and identification of biodegradation products via UPLC-QqTOF-MS. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 206:111203. [PMID: 32866888 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Degradation of the prothioconazole by three strains of microorganisms isolated from activated sludge obtained from a pesticide factory was assessed, and an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QqTOF-MS) method for the determination of prothioconazole and its metabolites was established. The optimal conditions for the degradation of prothioconazole were determined by single factor optimization experiments. A degradation rate of 93.32% is achieved when the prothioconazole is co-cultured with the strain W313 at a cultivation time of 60 h, a cultivation temperature of 30 °C, a pH of 6.33, a prothioconazole concentration of 50 mg L-1, a microorganism volume of 10%, and a dextrose volume of 4%. The three effective microorganism strains were identified by morphological and molecular biology to be Candida tropicalis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. UPLC-QqTOF-MS analysis allowed the identification of 62 different prothioconazole degradation products produced by the strain cultures, with prothioconazole-desthio, prothioconazole-dechloropropyl, and oxidizing prothioconazole being the main products. In addition, degradation products from different strains and conditions were compared. The results of scatter plot (S-Plot) analysis indicated that C9H7NO, C10H17N7, and C12H13ClN2O were only detected in the products incubated with Enterobacter cloacae. Thus, this study demonstrates that Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa possesses high potential for bioremediation of prothioconazole-contaminated environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Shi
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory for Agri-Food Safety, Hefei, 230036, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhuang Ye
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Peng Hu
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Dong Wei
- School of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Quan Gao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Zhao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Duan Y, Lu F, Zhou Z, Zhao H, Zhang J, Mao Y, Li M, Wang J, Zhou M. Quinone outside inhibitors affect DON biosynthesis, mitochondrial structure and toxisome formation in Fusarium graminearum. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122908. [PMID: 32512449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quinone outside inhibitors (QoIs) are currently extensively used agricultural fungicides. However, the application of QoIs in controlling Fusarium graminearum was rarely reported. No information is available on pharmacological characteristics of QoIs against F. graminearum, as well as their effects on DON biosynthesis. Here, we found that six QoIs exhibited an excellent fungicidal activity against F. graminearum based on mycelial growth and spore germination. ATP production assay further confirmed that QoIs decreased ATP production via inhibiting mitochondrial respiration, which contributes their fungicidal activity. Unfortunately, QoIs can stimulate DON production and up-regulate the expression of Tri5 and Tri6 genes. Additionally, acetyl-CoA, the basic precursor of DON biosynthesis, significantly increased as affected by QoIs, furtherly indicating that QoIs indeed enhance DON biosynthesis. We also found that QoIs can accelerate the formation of toxisomes and enhance the fluorescence signals of Tri-GFP labeled toxisomes, which may be due to the effect of QoIs on toxisome-related endoplasmic reticulum-remodeling. In addition, QoIs could disrupt the homeostasis of mitochondrial dynamics, resulting in the fragmented mitochondria. Finally, the simulated inoculation assay with wheat grains further verified that QoIs can stimulate DON production relative to wheat grain weight, especially relative to mycelial biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zehua Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huahua Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Meixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; The Key Laboratory of Plant Immunity, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Xin W, Mao Y, Lu F, Li T, Wang J, Duan Y, Zhou M. In vitro fungicidal activity and in planta control efficacy of coumoxystrobin against Magnaporthe oryzae. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 162:78-85. [PMID: 31836058 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice blast, caused by Magnaporthe oryzae, is a destructive fungal disease in rice, causing serious losses in yield and quality. Coumoxystrobin is a novel methoxyacrylate strobilurin fungicide. In the current study, we determined the sensitivity of 100 M. oryzae strains to coumoxystrobin based on the mycelial growth inhibition method. The EC50 values ranged from 0.0089 to 0.0290 μg mL-1, with a mean EC50 value of 0.0163 ± 0.0036 μg mL-1, indicating that coumoxystrobin exhibits an excellent inhibitory activity in the mycelial growth of M. oryzae. In addition, the EC50 values had no significant difference among four populations from the different geographical regions. After treating with coumoxystrobin, cell membrane permeability increased, respiration decreased, and the hyphal tips were contorted, with offshoot of top increasing. Protective and curative activity tests showed that coumoxystrobin exhibited better protective and curative activities against M. oryzae in detached barley leaves in comparison to the currently used fungicides tricyclazole and azoxystrobin. Also, it was found that the protective activity was better than its curative activity. Furthermore, compared with the currently used fungicides, coumoxystrobin not only exhibited excellent control efficacy on rice blast, but also markedly reduced the dosages of chemical fungicides in the field trials. Overall, these findings provide important references for revealing the pharmacological effect of coumoxystrobin against M. oryzae and managing rice blast caused by M. oryzae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xin
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yushuai Mao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; State & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Invention and Application, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Liu S, Fu L, Wang S, Chen J, Jiang J, Che Z, Tian Y, Chen G. Carbendazim Resistance of Fusarium graminearum From Henan Wheat. PLANT DISEASE 2019; 103:2536-2540. [PMID: 31424998 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-02-19-0391-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight, also called scab, is caused by Fusarium graminearum and is one of the most important destructive diseases of wheat. The frequency of carbendazim resistance in 1,132 isolates of F. graminearum recovered from fields in different regions of Henan Province in 2016, 2017, and 2018 was determined. A total of 31 F. graminearum isolates resistant to carbendazim were detected, including 30 moderately resistant isolates and one highly resistant isolate. The frequency of resistance of F. graminearum isolates to carbendazim was 2.7%. The range of effective concentration (EC50) values of 1,101 sensitive isolates and 30 moderately resistant isolates was 0.08 to 0.98 μg ml-1 and 2.73 to 13.28 μg ml-1, respectively. The mean ± SD EC50 value was 0.55 ± 0.13 μg ml-1 and 5.61 ± 2.58 μg ml-1, respectively. The EC50 value of the highly resistant isolate was 21.12 μg ml-1. Point mutation types of the carbendazim-resistant isolates were characterized by cloning the β2-tubulin gene of 31 resistant isolates. Three point mutation types at amino acids F167Y, E198Q, and E198L in the β2-tubulin gene of resistant isolates were identified. Among 31 resistant isolates, the frequency of point mutation types in F167Y, E198Q, and E198L of the β2-tubulin gene was 71.0, 25.8, and 3.2%, respectively. The data indicate that F. graminearum has developed resistance to carbendazim in Henan Province, and single point mutations at amino acid F167Y were the predominant type of mutation detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengming Liu
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Liuyuan Fu
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Shuan Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jinpeng Chen
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Jia Jiang
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhiping Che
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yuee Tian
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Genqiang Chen
- College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Impact of Five Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors on DON Biosynthesis of Fusarium asiaticum, Causing Fusarium Head Blight in Wheat. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050272. [PMID: 31096549 PMCID: PMC6563320 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a class of mycotoxin produced in cereal crops infected with Fusarium graminearum species complex (FGSC). In China, FGSC mainly includes Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum. DON belongs to the trichothecenes and poses a serious threat to the safety and health of humans and animals. Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) are a class of fungicides that act on succinate dehydrogenase and inhibit the respiration of pathogenic fungi. In this study, the fungicidal activities of five SDHIs, including fluopyram, flutolanil, boscalid, benzovindiflupyr, and fluxapyroxad, against FGSC were determined based on mycelial growth and spore germination inhibition methods. The five SDHIs exhibited better inhibitory activities in spore germination than mycelial growth. Fluopyram exhibited a higher inhibitory effect in mycelial growth and spore germination in comparison to the other four SDHIs. In addition, the biological characteristics of F. asiaticum as affected by the five SDHIs were determined. We found that these five SDHIs decreased DON, pyruvic acid and acetyl-CoA production, isocitrate dehydrogenase mitochondrial (ICDHm) and SDH activities, and NADH and ATP content of F. asiaticum but increased the citric acid content. In addition, TRI5 gene expression was inhibited, and the formation of toxisomes was disrupted by the five SDHIs, further confirming that SDHIs can decrease DON biosynthesis of F. asiaticum. Thus, we concluded that SDHIs may decrease DON biosynthesis of F. asiaticum by inhibiting glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Overall, the findings from the study will provide important references for managing Fusarium head blight (FHB) caused by FGSC and reducing DON contamination in F. asiaticum-infected wheat grains.
Collapse
|
29
|
Qiu J, Xu J, Shi J. Fusarium Toxins in Chinese Wheat since the 1980s. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11050248. [PMID: 31052282 PMCID: PMC6562770 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused by Fusarium species, is a widespread and destructive fungal disease. In addition to the substantial yield and revenue losses, diseased grains are often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, making them unsuitable for human consumption or use as animal feed. As a vital food and feed ingredient in China, the quality and safety of wheat and its products have gained growing attention from consumers, producers, scientists, and policymakers. This review supplies detailed data about the occurrence of Fusarium toxins and related intoxications from the 1980s to the present. Despite the serious situation of toxin contamination in wheat, the concentration of toxins in flour is usually lower than that in raw materials, and food-poisoning incidents have been considerably reduced. Much work has been conducted on every phase of toxin production and wheat circulation by scientific researchers. Regulations for maximum contamination limits have been established in recent years and play a substantial role in ensuring the stability of the national economy and people's livelihoods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Qiu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jianhong Xu
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Jianrong Shi
- Key Laboratory for Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/ Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology/ Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Grain Circulation and Safety/ Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China.
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| |
Collapse
|