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Hrustić J, Vojinović U, Mihajlović M, Stević M, Pešić B. Effectiveness of Fludioxonil, a New-Generation Reduced-Risk Fungicide, Against Brown Rot Pathogens. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:281. [PMID: 39060398 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Brown rot, caused by Monilinia species, is a destructive disease of pome and stone fruits that can lead to significant losses in production. Disease management is mainly based on fungicide applications during the growing season. Fludioxonil, a "new-generation reduced-risk fungicide", is one of the most important fungicide used. The objectives of the present study were to compare and determine the toxicity of fludioxonil to selected M. laxa, M. fructigena and M. fructicola isolates, to test its effectiveness in detached fruits and to assess its effectiveness under practical control conditions. A total of 27 isolates (10 isolates of M. laxa, 8 of M. fructigena and 9 of M. fructicola) were tested for sensitivity to fludioxonil in vitro. Isolates from each species exhibited a homogeneous response to the fungicide, while differences among the different species were determined. Based on calculated resistance factors (RF), the examined isolates were classified into two categories: sensitive and moderately resistant. In vivo testing of the effectiveness of the label concentration of fludioxonil on detached fruit did not reveal differences between isolates classified into different sensitivity categories; fludioxonil used at the label concentration (0.1%) inhibited decay development 93.5 to 100%, regardless of the isolate category. Field trials revealed the very high efficacy of fludioxonil in preventing brown rot on fruits, ranging from 92.2 to 100 for peach, 90.7 to 97.3 for plum and 84.9 to 91.9% for sour cherry. In conclusion, fludioxonil was highly effective according to in vitro sensitivity tests and when used under practical field conditions for brown rot control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jovana Hrustić
- Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Uroš Vojinović
- Department for Pesticides and Herbology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Institute of Phytomedicine, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Mihajlović
- Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Stević
- Department for Pesticides and Herbology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Institute of Phytomedicine, Nemanjina 6, 11080, Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Brankica Pešić
- Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Banatska 31B, Zemun-Belgrade, Serbia
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Zhou F, Jiao Y, Han A, Zhou X, Kong J, Hu H, Liu R, Li C. Survey of prothioconazole sensitivity in Fusarium pseudograminearum isolates from Henan Province, China, and characterization of resistant laboratory mutants. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38172651 PMCID: PMC10765739 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04714-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium crown rot (FCR) is one of the most significant diseases limiting crop production in the Huanghuai wheat-growing region of China. Prothioconazole, a triazole sterol 14α-demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicide developed by the Bayer Crop Protection Company, is mainly registered for the prevention and control of wheat powdery mildew and stripe rust (China Pesticide Information Network). It is known to exhibit high activity against F. pseudograminearum, but further research, particularly regarding the potential for fungicide resistance, is required before it can be registered for the control of FCR in China. RESULTS The current study found that the baseline sensitivity of 67 field isolates of F. pseudograminearum collected between 2019 and 2021 ranged between 0.016-2.974 μg/mL, with an average EC50 value of 1.191 ± 0.720 μg/mL (mean ± SD). Although none of the field isolates exhibited signs of resistance, three highly resistant mutants were produced by repeated exposure to prothioconazole under laboratory conditions. All of the mutants were found to exhibit significantly reduced growth rates on potato dextrose agar (PDA), as well as reduced levels of sporulation, which indicated that there was a fitness cost associated with the resistance. However, inoculation of wounded wheat coleoptiles revealed that the pathogenicity of the resistant mutants was little affected or actually increased. Molecular analysis of the genes corresponding to the prothioconazole target protein, FpCYP51 (FpCYP51A, FpCYP51B, and FpCYP51C), indicated that the resistant mutants contained three conserved substitutions (M63I, A205S, and I246V) that were present in the FpCYP51C sequence of all three mutants, as well as several non-conserved substations in their FpCYP51A and FpCYP51B sequences. Expression analysis revealed that the presence of prothioconazole (0.1 μg/mL) generally resulted in reduced expression of the three FpCYP51 genes, but that the three mutants exhibited more complex patterns of expression that differed in comparison to their parental isolates. The study found no evidence of cross-resistance between prothioconazole and any of the fungicides tested including three DMI fungicides tebuconazole, prochloraz, and flutriafol. CONCLUSIONS Taken together these results not only provide new insight into the resistant mechanism and biological characteristics associated with prothioconazole resistance in F. pseudograminearum, but also strong evidence that prothioconazole could provide effective and sustained control of FCR, especially when applied in combination with other fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing , Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Aohui Han
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jiamei Kong
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing , Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Runqiang Liu
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Chengwei Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing , Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Sun H, Cai S, Deng Y, Cao S, Yang X, Lu Y, Li W, Chen H. Efficacy of cyclobutrifluram in controlling Fusarium crown rot of wheat and resistance risk of three Fusarium species to cyclobutrifluram. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 198:105723. [PMID: 38225078 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Cyclobutrifluram (TYMIRIUM® technology), a new succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide, is currently being registered by SYNGENTA for controlling Fusarium crown rot (FCR) of wheat in China. The application of 15 or 30 g of active ingredient/100 kg seed of cyclobutrifluram significantly reduced pre-emergence damping-off, discoloration on the stem base and formation of whiteheads caused by FCR. The EC50 values of cyclobutrifluram for 60 isolates of F. pseudograminearum, 30 isolates of F. asiaticum and 30 isolates of F. graminearum ranged from 0.016 to 0.142 mg L-1, 0.010 to 0.041 mg L-1 and 0.012 to 0.059 mg L-1, respectively. One hundred and seven cyclobutrifluram-resistant (CR) mutants were obtained from three Fusarium species isolates, with ten types of mutations identified in Sdh genes. Three Fusarium species isolates exhibited similar resistance mechanisms, with the most prevalent mutations, SdhC1A83V and SdhC1R86K, accounting for 61.68% of mutants. The CR mutants possessed comparable or slightly impaired fitness compared to the corresponding parental isolates. The CR mutants carrying FpSdhBH248Y/Q/D exhibited increased sensitivity to fluopyram. An overall moderate risk of resistance development in three Fusarium species was recommended for cyclobutrifluram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Sun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shiyan Cai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyu Deng
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Shulin Cao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xiaoyue Yang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanteng Lu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Li
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Huaigu Chen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Han A, Wang C, Li J, Xu L, Guo X, Li W, Zhou F, Liu R. Physiological mechanism of sodium salicylate and folcisteine on alleviating salt stress in wheat seedlings. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22869. [PMID: 38129459 PMCID: PMC10739812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization substantially hampers the growth and development of wheat, potentially leading to plant death in severe cases, thus reducing grain yield and quality. This phenomenon poses a significant threat to food security in China. We investigated the effects of two exogenous plant growth regulators, sodium salicylate and folcisteine, on the wheat physiology and key characteristics under salt stress using hydroponics method. The results indicated that both regulators effectively mitigated the growth inhibition of wheat under salt stress. We assessed morphological and physiological indexes, including antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], peroxidase [POD]) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in wheat after foliar application of sodium salicylate and folcisteine under salt stress. The findings revealed that sodium salicylate was more effective than folcisteine. However, folcisteine showed superior performance in reducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and superoxide anion (O2-) level compared to sodium salicylate. Simultaneously, Concurrent application of both regulators synergistically enhanced their efficacy, yielding the most favorable outcomes. In addition, this study noted that while the initial effects of these regulators were not pronounced, their sustained application significantly improved wheat growth in stressful condition and alleviated the detrimental impacts of salt stress. This approach could effectively guarantee the food security and production in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aohui Han
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Cuiling Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Jingchong Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Li Xu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Weiguo Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Runqiang Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring By Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
- Baiquan Institute of Advanced Agricultural Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Sun B, Zhou R, Zhu G, Xie X, Chai A, Li L, Fan T, Li B, Shi Y. Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Involvement of Mitophagy and Peroxisome in the Resistance to QoIs in Corynespora cassiicola. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2849. [PMID: 38137993 PMCID: PMC10745780 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Quinone outside inhibitor fungicides (QoIs) are crucial fungicides for controlling plant diseases, but resistance, mainly caused by G143A, has been widely reported with the high and widespread use of QoIs. However, two phenotypes of Corynespora casiicola (RI and RII) with the same G143A showed significantly different resistance to QoIs in our previous study, which did not match the reported mechanisms. Therefore, transcriptome analysis of RI and RII strains after trifloxystrobin treatment was used to explore the new resistance mechanism in this study. The results show that 332 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were significantly up-regulated and 448 DEGs were significantly down-regulated. The results of GO and KEGG enrichment showed that DEGs were most enriched in ribosomes, while also having enrichment in peroxide, endocytosis, the lysosome, autophagy, and mitophagy. In particular, mitophagy and peroxisome have been reported in medicine as the main mechanisms of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, while the lysosome and endocytosis are an important organelle and physiological process, respectively, that assist mitophagy. The oxidative stress experiments showed that the oxidative stress resistance of the RII strains was significantly higher than that of the RI strains: specifically, it was more than 1.8-fold higher at a concentration of 0.12% H2O2. This indicates that there is indeed a significant difference in the scavenging capacity of ROS between the two phenotypic strains. Therefore, we suggest that QoIs' action caused a high production of ROS, and that scavenging mechanisms such as mitophagy and peroxisomes functioned in RII strains to prevent oxidative stress, whereas RI strains were less capable of resisting oxidative stress, resulting in different resistance to QoIs. In this study, it was first revealed that mitophagy and peroxisome mechanisms available for ROS scavenging are involved in the resistance of pathogens to fungicides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Baoju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Yanxia Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (B.S.); (R.Z.)
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Li Y, Wang Y, Li X, Fan H, Gao X, Peng Q, Li F, Lu L, Miao J, Liu X. Resistant risk and resistance-related point mutation in SdhC 1 of pydiflumetofen in Fusarium pseudograminearum. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2023; 79:4197-4207. [PMID: 37326415 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusarium pseudograminearum is one of the dominant pathogens of Fusarium crown rot (FCR) worldwide. Unfortunately, no fungicides have yet been registered for the control of FCR in wheat in China. Pydiflumetofen, a new-generation succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor, exhibits excellent inhibitory activity to Fusarium spp. A resistance risk assessment of F. pseudograminearum to pydiflumetofen and the resistance mechanism involved have not yet been investigated. RESULTS The median effective concentration (EC50 ) value of 103 F. pseudograminearum isolates to pydiflumetofen was 0.0162 μg mL-1 , and the sensitivity exhibited a unimodal distribution. Four resistant mutants were generated by fungicide adaption, which possessed similar or impaired fitness compared to corresponding parental isolates based on the results of mycelial growth, conidiation, conidium germination rate, and virulence determination. Pydiflumetofen showed strong positive cross-resistance with cyclobutrifluram and fluopyram but no cross-resistance with carbendazim, phenamacril, tebuconazole, fludioxonil, or pyraclostrobin. Sequence alignment revealed that pydiflumetofen-resistant F. pseudograminearum mutants had two single-point mutations of A83V or R86K in FpSdhC1 . Molecular docking further confirmed that point mutation of A83V or R86K in FpSdhC1 could confer resistance of F. pseudograminearum to pydiflumetofen. CONCLUSION Fusarium pseudograminearum shows an overall moderate risk of developing resistance to pydiflumetofen, and point mutation FpSdhC1 A83V or FpSdhC1 R86K could confer pydiflumetofen resistance in F. pseudograminearum. This study provided vital data for monitoring the emergence of resistance and developing resistance management strategies for pydiflumetofen. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinyue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hengjun Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Qin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Plant Protection and Development, Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Department of Plant Protection and Development, Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Li T, Li N, Lei Z, Zhang C. Sensitivity and resistance risk of Botryosphaeria dothidea causing Chinese hickory trunk canker to fludioxonil. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 194:105500. [PMID: 37532358 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Hickory trunk canker (HTC), primarily caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea, is an aggravating disease that threatens an important regional economic tree species of Chinese hickory and few information is available in the control of this disease. Here, the sensitivity of 93 isolates to fludioxonil and the resistance risk were investigated. All the isolates tested were sensitive to fludioxonil and the EC50 ranged from 0.0028 to 0.0569 μg/mL. The tamed fludioxonil-resistant mutants remained highly resistant to fludioxonil even after 10 consecutive transfers to fludioxonil-free PDA plates. As for fitness penalty, the fludioxonil-resistant mutants demonstrated a reduction in conidia production and virulence as well as increased sensitivity to high osmotic stress. While, variations in mycelial growth and responses to SDS and H2O2 were not detected in all the resistant mutants. In addition, the resistant mutants demonstrated positive cross-resistance to iprodione but not to fungicides of other modes of action. Sequential analysis of BdNik1 showed that premature stop codon occurred in all the resistant mutants despite of point mutation (BD16-22R9 and BD16-22R20) or frameshift mutation (BD16-22R8, BD16-22R11 and BD16-22R18). Our study suggested that fludioxonil exhibited excellent inhibition activity on mycelial growth of B. dothidea in vitro, the resistance risk of B. dothidea to fludioxonil should be low to moderate and fludioxonil would be a nice candidate in controlling HTC caused by B. dothidea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Ziyang Lei
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chuanqing Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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Zhou F, Cui YX, Zhou YD, Duan ST, Wang ZY, Xia ZH, Hu HY, Liu RQ, Li CW. Baseline Pydiflumetofen Sensitivity of Fusarium pseudograminearum Isolates Collected from Henan, China, and Potential Resistance Mechanisms. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:2417-2423. [PMID: 36691280 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-22-1852-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, is one of the most important diseases impacting wheat production in the Huanghuai region, the most important wheat-growing region of China. The current study found that the SDHI fungicide pydiflumetofen, which was recently developed by Syngenta Crop Protection, provided effective control of 67 wild-type F. pseudograminearum isolates in potato dextrose agar, with an average EC50 value of 0.060 ± 0.0098 μg/ml (SE). Further investigation revealed that the risk of fungicide resistance in pydiflumetofen was medium to high. Four F. pseudograminearum mutants generated by repeated exposure to pydiflumetofen under laboratory conditions indicated that pydiflumetofen resistance was associated with fitness penalties. Mutants exhibited significantly (P < 0.05) reduced sporulation in mung bean broth and significantly (P < 0.05) reduced pathogenicity in wheat seedlings. Sequence analysis indicated that the observed pydiflumetofen resistance of the mutants was likely associated with amino acid changes in the different subunits of the succinate dehydrogenase target protein, including R18L and V160M substitutions in the FpSdhA sequence; D69V, D147G, and C257R in FpSdhB; and W78R in FpSdhC. This study found no evidence of cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and the alternative fungicides tebuconazole, fludioxonil, carbendazim, or fluazinam, which all have distinct modes of action and could therefore be used in combination or rotation with pydiflumetofen to reduce the risk of resistance emerging in the field. Taken together, these results indicate that pydiflumetofen has potential as a novel fungicide for the control of FCR caused by F. pseudograminearum and could therefore be of great significance in ensuring high and stable wheat yields in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ye-Xian Cui
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yu-Dong Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Si-Tong Duan
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Xia
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Hai-Yan Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Run-Qiang Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Cheng-Wei Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
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9
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Wang Y, Lu N, Wang K, Li Y, Zhang M, Liu S, Li Y, Zhou F. Fluxapyroxad Resistance Mechanisms in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:1035-1043. [PMID: 36058635 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-07-22-1615-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The necrotrophic pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum has a global distribution and a wide host range, making it one of the most damaging and economically important of all plant pathogens. The current study found that fluxapyroxad, a typical succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicide, had a strong inhibitory effect against S. sclerotiorum, with mean effective concentration for 50% inhibition (EC50) values ranging from 0.021 to 0.095 µg/ml. Further investigation of five highly resistant S. sclerotiorum mutants, with EC50 values of 12.37 to 31.36 µg/ml, found that fluxapyroxad resistance was accompanied by a certain cost to fitness. All of the mutants were found to have significantly (P < 0.05) reduced mycelial growth and altered sclerotia production in artificial culture, as well as reduced pathogenicity, compared with wild-type isolates, with one mutant completely losing the capacity to infect detached soybean leaves. Sequence analysis demonstrated that four of the mutants had point mutations leading to amino acid changes in the SsSdhB subunit of the fungicide target protein succinate dehydrogenase. In addition, two of the mutants were also found to have amino acid changes in the predicted sequence of their SsSdhD subunit, while the fifth mutant had no changes in any of its SsSdh sequences, indicating that an alternative mechanism might be responsible for the observed resistance in this mutant. No cross-resistance was found between fluxapyroxad and any of the other fungicides tested, including tebuconazole, prochloraz, dimethachlone, carbendazim, procymidone, pyraclostrobin, boscalid, fluazinam, fludioxonil, and cyprodinil, which indicates that fluxapyroxad has great potential as an alternative method of control for the Sclerotinia stem rot caused by S. sclerotiorum, and which could provide ongoing protection to the soybean fields of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ninghai Lu
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kuaikuai Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yinna Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Mengli Zhang
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yanling Li
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- School of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
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10
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Li Y, Tang Y, Xue Z, Wang Y, Shi Y, Gao X, Li X, Li G, Li F, Lu L, Miao J, Liu X. Resistance Risk and Resistance-Related Point Mutation in SdhB and SdhC 1 of Cyclobutrifluram in Fusarium pseudograminearum. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:1886-1895. [PMID: 36657474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cyclobutrifluram is a novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) developed by Syngenta and helps to inhibit Fusarium pseudograminearum. Here, the potential for cyclobutrifluram resistance in F. pseudograminearum and the resistance mechanism involved were evaluated. Baseline sensitivity of F. pseudograminearum to cyclobutrifluram was determined with a mean EC50 value of 0.0248 μg/mL. Fungicide adaption generated five resistant mutants, which possess a comparable or a slightly impaired fitness compared to corresponding parental isolates. This indicates that the resistance risk of F. pseudograminearum to cyclobutrifluram might be moderate. Cyclobutrifluram-resistant isolates also demonstrated resistance to pydiflumetofen but sensitivity to carbendazim, phenamacril, tebuconazole, fludioxonil, or pyraclostrobin. Additionally, point mutations H248Y in FpSdhB and A83V or R86K in FpSdhC1 were found in cyclobutrifluram-resistant F. pseudograminearum mutants. Molecular docking and overexpression transformation assay revealed that FpSdhBH248Y and FpSdhC1A83V or FpSdhC1R86K confer the resistance of F. pseudograminearum to cyclobutrifluram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Yidong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Ziwei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Yifei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Xuheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Xiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Guixiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Feng Li
- Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd., 567 Bocheng Road, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Liang Lu
- Syngenta (China) Investment Co., Ltd., 567 Bocheng Road, Shanghai200120, China
| | - Jianqiang Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
| | - Xili Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling712100, ShaanxiChina
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuanxi Road, Beijing100193, China
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Zhou F, Zhou HH, Han AH, Guo KY, Liu TC, Wu YB, Hu HY, Li CW. Mechanism of Pydiflumetofen Resistance in Fusarium graminearum in China. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 9:jof9010062. [PMID: 36675883 PMCID: PMC9866472 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB), which is primarily caused by Fusarium graminearum, is a widespread and devastating disease of wheat. In the absence of resistant varieties, the control of FHB relies heavily on the application of fungicides, and the new generation SDHI fungicide, pydiflumetofen, has recently been registered in China for the control of FHB in wheat. The current study explored three genetically stable, highly resistant laboratory mutants (S2-4-2R, S27-3R, and S28-2R, with EC50 values of 25.10, 28.57, and 19.22 μg/mL, respectively) to investigate the potential risks associated with pydiflumetofen resistance. Although the mycelial growth of the mutants differed little compared to their parental isolates, the study found that the resistant mutants exhibited significantly reduced (p < 0.05) levels of sporulation and pathogenicity, which suggests a significant fitness cost associated with pydiflumetofen resistance in F. graminearum. Sequence analysis of the Sdh target protein identified numerous amino acid substitutions in the predicted sequences of the four subunits: FgSdhA, FgSdhB, FgSdhC, and FgSdhD. Indeed, the mutants were found to have a series of substitution in multiple subunits such that all three exhibited five identical changes, including Y182F in the FgSdhA subunit; H53Q, C90S, and A94V in FgSdhB; and S31F in FgSdhC. In addition, gene expression analysis revealed that all of the FgSdh genes had significantly altered expression (p < 0.05), particularly FgSdhA and FgdhC, which exhibited remarkably low levels of expression. However, the study found no evidence of cross-resistance between pydiflumetofen and tebuconazole, fludioxonil, prochloraz, fluazinam, carbendazim, pyraclostrobin, or difenoconazole, which indicates that these fungicides, either in rotation or combination with pydiflumetofen, could mitigate the risk of resistance emerging and provide ongoing control of FHB to ensure high and stable wheat yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Huan-Huan Zhou
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ao-Hui Han
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Kou-Yun Guo
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Tian-Cheng Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Yan-Bing Wu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Green Pesticide Creation and Pesticide Residue Monitoring by Intelligent Sensor, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.W.); (H.-Y.H.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Hai-Yan Hu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.W.); (H.-Y.H.); (C.-W.L.)
| | - Cheng-Wei Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Crop Genome Editing/Henan International Joint Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Soil Remediation, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (Y.-B.W.); (H.-Y.H.); (C.-W.L.)
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