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Starosta E, Jamruszka T, Szwarc J, Bocianowski J, Jędryczka M, Grynia M, Niemann J. DArTseq-Based, High-Throughput Identification of Novel Molecular Markers for the Detection of Blackleg ( Leptosphaeria Spp.) Resistance in Rapeseed. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8415. [PMID: 39125985 PMCID: PMC11313370 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Blackleg disease, caused by Leptosphaeria spp. fungi, is one of the most important diseases of Brassica napus, responsible for severe yield losses worldwide. Blackleg resistance is controlled by major R genes and minor quantitative trait loci (QTL). Due to the high adaptation ability of the pathogen, R-mediated resistance can be easily broken, while the resistance mediated via QTL is believed to be more durable. Thus, the identification of novel molecular markers linked to blackleg resistance for B. napus breeding programs is essential. In this study, 183 doubled haploid (DH) rapeseed lines were assessed in field conditions for resistance to Leptosphaeria spp. Subsequently, DArTseq-based Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) was performed to identify molecular markers linked to blackleg resistance. A total of 133,764 markers (96,121 SilicoDArT and 37,643 SNP) were obtained. Finally, nine SilicoDArT and six SNP molecular markers were associated with plant resistance to Leptosphaeria spp. at the highest significance level, p < 0.001. Importantly, eleven of these fifteen markers were found within ten genes located on chromosomes A06, A07, A08, C02, C03, C06 and C08. Given the immune-related functions of the orthologues of these genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, the identified markers hold great promise for application in rapeseed breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Starosta
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Tomasz Jamruszka
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Szwarc
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Jan Bocianowski
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-627 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Jędryczka
- Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszyńska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Grynia
- IHAR Group, Borowo Department, Strzelce Plant Breeding Ltd., Borowo 35, 64-020 Czempiń, Poland;
| | - Janetta Niemann
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Dojazd 11, 60-632 Poznań, Poland; (E.S.); (T.J.); (J.S.)
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Markel K, Novak V, Bowen BP, Tian Y, Chen YC, Sirirungruang S, Zhou A, Louie KB, Northen TR, Eudes A, Scheller HV, Shih PM. Cynipid wasps systematically reprogram host metabolism and restructure cell walls in developing galls. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:698-712. [PMID: 38236304 PMCID: PMC11181936 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Many insects have evolved the ability to manipulate plant growth to generate extraordinary structures called galls, in which insect larva can develop while being sheltered and feeding on the plant. In particular, cynipid (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) wasps have evolved to form morphologically complex galls and generate an astonishing array of gall shapes, colors, and sizes. However, the biochemical basis underlying these remarkable cellular and developmental transformations remains poorly understood. A key determinant in plant cellular development is cell wall deposition that dictates the physical form and physiological function of newly developing cells, tissues, and organs. However, it is unclear to what degree cell walls are restructured to initiate and support the formation of new gall tissue. Here, we characterize the molecular alterations underlying gall development using a combination of metabolomic, histological, and biochemical techniques to elucidate how valley oak (Quercus lobata) leaf cells are reprogrammed to form galls. Strikingly, gall development involves an exceptionally coordinated spatial deposition of lignin and xylan to form de novo gall vasculature. Our results highlight how cynipid wasps can radically change the metabolite profile and restructure the cell wall to enable the formation of galls, providing insights into the mechanism of gall induction and the extent to which plants can be entirely reprogrammed to form unique structures and organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Markel
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Vlastimil Novak
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Benjamin P Bowen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Yang Tian
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Sasilada Sirirungruang
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima 30000, Thailand
| | - Andy Zhou
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Katherine B Louie
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Trent R Northen
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Aymerick Eudes
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Henrik V Scheller
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
| | - Patrick M Shih
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Feedstocks Division, Joint BioEnergy Institute, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94608, USA
- Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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3
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Xu X, Wei H, Yao K, Wu H, Huang T, Han M, Su T, Cao F. Integrative omics studies revealed synergistic link between sucrose metabolic isogenes and carbohydrates in poplar roots infected by Fusarium wilt. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:29. [PMID: 38502380 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01426-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Advances in carbohydrate metabolism prompted its essential role in defense priming and sweet immunity during plant-pathogen interactions. Nevertheless, upstream responding enzymes in the sucrose metabolic pathway and associated carbohydrate derivatives underlying fungal pathogen challenges remain to be deciphered in Populus, a model tree species. In silico deduction of genomic features, including phylogenies, exon/intron distributions, cis-regulatory elements, and chromosomal localization, identified 59 enzyme genes (11 families) in the Populus genome. Spatiotemporal expression of the transcriptome and the quantitative real-time PCR revealed a minuscule number of isogenes that were predominantly expressed in roots. Upon the pathogenic Fusarium solani (Fs) exposure, dynamic changes in the transcriptomics atlas and experimental evaluation verified Susy (PtSusy2 and 3), CWI (PtCWI3), VI (PtVI2), HK (PtHK6), FK (PtFK6), and UGPase (PtUGP2) families, displaying promotions in their expressions at 48 and 72 h of post-inoculation (hpi). Using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based non-targeted metabolomics combined with a high-performance ion chromatography system (HPICS), approximately 307 metabolites (13 categories) were annotated that led to the quantification of 46 carbohydrates, showing marked changes between three compared groups. By contrast, some sugars (e.g., sorbitol, L-arabitol, trehalose, and galacturonic acid) exhibited a higher accumulation at 72 hpi than 0 hpi, while levels of α-lactose and glucose decreased, facilitating them as potential signaling molecules. The systematic overview of multi-omics approaches to dissect the effects of Fs infection provides theoretical cues for understanding defense immunity depending on fine-tuned Suc metabolic gene clusters and synergistically linked carbohydrate pools in trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianglei Xu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Haikun Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Kejun Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
| | - Fuliang Cao
- College of Foresty, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Kerbler SML, Armijos-Jaramillo V, Lunn JE, Vicente R. The trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase family in plants. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14096. [PMID: 38148193 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signalling metabolite linking plant growth and development to carbon metabolism. While recent work has focused predominantly on the enzymes that produce Tre6P, little is known about the proteins that catalyse its degradation, the trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Often occurring in large protein families, TPPs exhibit cell-, tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression patterns, suggesting important regulatory functions in controlling local levels of Tre6P and trehalose as well as Tre6P signalling. Furthermore, growing evidence through gene expression studies and transgenic approaches shows that TPPs play an important role in integrating environmental signals with plant metabolism. This review highlights the large diversity of TPP isoforms in model and crop plants and identifies how modulating Tre6P metabolism in certain cell types, tissues, and at different developmental stages may promote stress tolerance, resilience and increased crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Mae-Lin Kerbler
- Leibniz-Institute für Gemüse- und Zierpflanzenbau, Groβbeeren, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Vinicio Armijos-Jaramillo
- Grupo de Bio-Quimioinformática, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Rubén Vicente
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Plant Ecophysiology and Metabolism Group, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal
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Morgan BL, Kakeshpour T, Occhialini A, King G, Sichterman M, Harbison SA, Rigoulot SB, Brabazon H, Stewart CN, Lenaghan SC. Heterologous Expression of OtsB Increases Tuber Yield and Phenotypic Stability in Potato under Both Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3394. [PMID: 37836134 PMCID: PMC10574632 DOI: 10.3390/plants12193394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Climate-smart and sustainable crops are needed for the future. Engineering crops for tolerance of both abiotic and biotic stress is one approach. The accumulation of trehalose, controlled through trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS) or OtsA and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP) or OtsB genes in microbes, is known to provide protection for many microbial and fungal species against abiotic stress. The effect of trehalose accumulation in plant species is less understood. Here, we studied the heterologous expression of Escherichia coli OtsB in potato (Solanum tuberosum var. 'Desiree') with regards to stress tolerance. The performance of transgenic lines was assessed in both growth chambers and greenhouse mesocosms. Overexpressing potato OtsB lines significantly increased resilience to heat, photoperiod, herbivory, and competition when compared with wildtype plants. Most strikingly, when subjected to high temperatures, transgenic lines exhibited a significantly lower reduction in tuber yield ranging from 40% to 77%, while wildtype plants experienced a 95% decrease in tuber yield. When exposed to competitors in a selected StSP3D::OtsB line, tuber yield was 1.6 times higher than wildtype. Furthermore, transgenic lines performed significantly better under low-nutrient regimes: under competition, yield increased by 1.5-fold. Together, these results demonstrate that increased trehalose has the potential to create more resistant and stable crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britany Lauren Morgan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Tayebeh Kakeshpour
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Alessandro Occhialini
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Gabriella King
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Megan Sichterman
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Stacee A. Harbison
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
| | - Stephen B. Rigoulot
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
- Syngenta Crop Protection, LLC, 9 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Holly Brabazon
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Charles Neal Stewart
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (T.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Scott C. Lenaghan
- Center for Agricultural Synthetic Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (B.L.M.); (A.O.); (M.S.); (S.A.H.); (H.B.)
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
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New plant immunity elicitors from a sugar beet byproduct protect wheat against Zymoseptoria tritici. Sci Rep 2023; 13:90. [PMID: 36596821 PMCID: PMC9810720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The current worldwide context promoting agroecology and green agriculture require the discovery of new ecofriendly and sustainable plant protection tools. Plant resistance inducers, called also elicitors, are one of the most promising alternatives fitting with such requirements. We produced here a set of 30 molecules from pyroglutamic acid, bio-sourced from sugar beet byproducts, and examined for their biological activity on the major agro-economically pathosystem wheat-Zymoseptoria tritici. Foliar application of the molecules provided significant protection rates (up to 63% disease severity reduction) for 16 among them. Structure-activity relationship analysis highlighted the importance of all chemical groups of the pharmacophore in the bioactivity of the molecules. Further investigations using in vitro and in planta antifungal bioassays as well as plant molecular biomarkers revealed that the activity of the molecules did not rely on direct biocide activity towards the pathogen, but rather on the activation of plant defense mechanisms dependent on lipoxygenase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, peroxidase, and pathogenesis-related protein pathways. This study reports a new family of bio-sourced resistance inducers and provides new insights into the valorization of agro-resources to develop the sustainable agriculture of tomorrow.
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Velho AC, Dall'Asta P, de Borba MC, Magnin-Robert M, Reignault P, Siah A, Stadnik MJ, Randoux B. Defense responses induced by ulvan in wheat against powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 184:14-25. [PMID: 35617771 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ulvan is a water-soluble sulfated heteropolysaccharide extracted from the cell walls of the green seaweeds Ulva spp. This polysaccharide is known to induce resistance and protect plants against a broad range of plant pathogenic fungi, such as Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici (Bgt), the causal agent of powdery mildew in wheat. We aimed to study the defense mechanisms induced by ulvan against Bgt in susceptible wheat by investigating the defense-related gene expression, enzymes activity, accumulation of phenolic compounds and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), as well as the development of Bgt infection structures in vitro and in planta. Symptoms were reduced by 42% in ulvan-treated plants. In vitro, ulvan did not inhibit conidial germination of Bgt but in planta, increased the appressorial germ tubes without haustorium. Ulvan increased the presence of fluorescent papillae and accumulation of H2O2 at the penetration sites of Bgt, as well as the content of phenolic compounds. POX, PAL and LOX activities were stimulated in ulvan-treated plants during the first 48 h after inoculation. However, few of defense-related genes studied were differentially expressed in infected plants after ulvan treatment. By contrast, in non-infected conditions, ulvan up-regulated the expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism, i.e. PAL, CHS, COMT, ANS and FLS, genes encoding pathogenesis-related proteins, i.e. PR1, PR9, PR15, and LOX during the first 96 h after treatment. This study provides new insights about the multiple ulvan effects on wheat defense responses, and especially the elicitation of the phenylpropanoid pathway leading to phenolic compounds accumulation, which could be involved in cell wall reinforcement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Velho
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais CEDEX, France; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Agricultural Science Center (UFSC-CCA), Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Pamela Dall'Asta
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais CEDEX, France; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Agricultural Science Center (UFSC-CCA), Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marlon C de Borba
- Joint Research Unit 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, Univ. Lille, Univ. Liège, UPJV, Univ. Artois, ULCO, INRAE, F-59000, Lille, France; Federal University of Santa Catarina, Agricultural Science Center (UFSC-CCA), Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maryline Magnin-Robert
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais CEDEX, France
| | - Philippe Reignault
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais CEDEX, France
| | - Ali Siah
- Joint Research Unit 1158 BioEcoAgro, Junia, Univ. Lille, Univ. Liège, UPJV, Univ. Artois, ULCO, INRAE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marciel J Stadnik
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Agricultural Science Center (UFSC-CCA), Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Rod. Admar Gonzaga, 1346, 88034-001, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Béatrice Randoux
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (EA 4492), SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais CEDEX, France.
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8
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Priming with fungal elicitor elicits early signaling defense against leaf spot of broccoli underlying cellular, biochemical and gene expression. Microbiol Res 2022; 263:127143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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9
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Li C, Sun L, Zhu J, Ji X, Huang R, Fan Y, Guo M, Ge Y. Trehalose Regulates Starch, Sorbitol, and Energy Metabolism to Enhance Tolerance to Blue Mold of "Golden Delicious" Apple Fruit. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:5658-5667. [PMID: 35499968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of trehalose on the lesion diameter of apples (cv. Golden Delicious) inoculated with Penicillium expansum was evaluated to screen the optimal concentration. The changes in gene expression and activity of the enzyme in starch, sorbitol, and energy metabolism were also investigated in apples after trehalose treatment. The results revealed that trehalose dipping reduced the lesion diameter of apples inoculated with P. expansum. Trehalose suppressed the activities and gene expressions of β-amylase, NAD-sorbitol dehydrogenase, and NADP-sorbitol dehydrogenase, whereas it decreased the sorbitol 6-phosphate dehydrogenase gene expression and amylose, amylopectin, total starch, and reducing sugar contents. Additionally, trehalose improved the gene expressions and activities of α-amylase, starch-branching enzymes, total amylase, H+-ATPase, and Ca2+-ATPase, as well as soluble sugar, adenosine triphosphate, and adenosine diphosphate contents and energy charge in apples. These findings imply that trehalose could induce tolerance to the blue mold of apple fruit by regulating starch, sorbitol, and energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canying Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ji
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Rui Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Yiting Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Mi Guo
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Ge
- College of Food Science and Engineering Bohai University, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage, Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic Products, Jinzhou 121013, P.R. China
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10
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Kallure GS, Shinde BA, Barvkar VT, Kumari A, Giri AP. Dietary influence on modulation of Helicoverpa armigera oral secretion composition leading to differential regulation of tomato plant defense. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 314:111120. [PMID: 34895549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how different plant-based diets influence the insect herbivores' oral secretion (OS) composition and eventually the plant defense responses. We analyzed the OS composition of the generalist Lepidopteran insect, Helicoverpa armigera feeding on the host plant tomato (OSH), non-host plant capsicum (OSNH), and artificial diet (OSAD) using Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. Higher numbers and levels of alkaloids and terpenoids were observed in OSH and OSNH, respectively while OSAD was rich in phospholipids. Interestingly, treatment of H. armigera OSAD, OSH and OSNH on wounded tomato leaves showed differential expression of (i) genes involved in JA and SA biosynthesis and their responsive genes, and (ii) biosynthetic pathway genes of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and trehalose, which exhibited increased accumulation along with several other plant defensive metabolites. Specifically, high levels of CGA were detected after OSH and OSNH treatments in tomato leaves. There was higher expression of the genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which may lead to the increased accumulation of CGA and related metabolites. In the insect bioassay, CGA significantly inhibited H. armigera larval growth. Our results underline the differential accumulation of plant and insect OS metabolites and identified potential plant metabolite(s) affecting insect growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopal S Kallure
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Balkrishna A Shinde
- Department of Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidya Nagar, Kolhapur, 416004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Archana Kumari
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok P Giri
- Plant Molecular Biology Unit, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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11
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Trehalose: A mycogenic cell wall elicitor elicit resistance against leaf spot disease of broccoli and acts as a plant growth regulator. BIOTECHNOLOGY REPORTS (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 32:e00690. [PMID: 34987982 PMCID: PMC8711064 DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2021.e00690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mycogenic cell wall elicitor was isolated from trichoderma atroviride. The isolated elicitor was identified as trehalose by LC-MS analysis. Seed priming with elicitor enhanced early germination and vigour. Primed plants induced resistance against leaf spot disease of brocolli. Trehalose sugar act as a bio-stimulant for growth promotion and plant defence.
Elicitors are biochemicals, and the cell wall-derived elicitors from fungi can trigger defence mechanisms in plants by increasing the phytoalexin accumulation when they encounter the pathogens. The main objective of this research was to purify and characterize a cell wall elicitor from Trichoderma atroviride (TaCWE) and evaluate the seed priming effect of that elicitor for inducing systemic resistance in broccoli plants against leaf spot disease. Amongst the tested TaCWE concentrations of the seed priming (5, 10, & 25 mg ml−1), 10.0 mg ml−1 showed significantly (P < 0.05) improved early emergence, the rate of germination at 94%, and observed seedling vigour of 2601. Also, elicitor (10 mg ml−1) treatment alone induced 57% plant protection. On the contrary, the elicitor treated and pathogen inoculated plants induced a notable 72% protection against leaf spot disease of broccoli caused by A. brassicicola. Thus, the primed seeds with elicitor showed induced disease resistance and plant growth promotion. The prominent molecule present in the purified extracted cell wall elicitor is confirmed as trehalose. The AFM analysis indicated the trehalose length and width as 10.16 µm and 2.148 µm, respectively. FTIR chromatogram further confirmed trehalose in abundance with traces of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, and LC-MS profile with a single peak eluted with a retention time of 3.78 min. The findings of this study contribute to understanding better the role of trehalose, a biogenic cell-wall elicitor that can induce systemic resistance against leaf spot disease and regulate plant growth in the broccoli plants.
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12
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Laili N, Mukaihara T, Matsui H, Yamamoto M, Noutoshi Y, Toyoda K, Ichinose Y. Role of Trehalose Synthesis in Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis PW1001 in Inducing Hypersensitive Response on Eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Senryo-nigou). THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 37:566-579. [PMID: 34897249 PMCID: PMC8666247 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.06.2021.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis (Rsi, former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype IV) PW1001, a causal agent of potato wilt disease, induces hypersensitive response (HR) on its non-host eggplant (Solanum melongena cv. Senryo-nigou). The disaccharide trehalose is involved in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in many organisms. We found that trehalose is required for eliciting HR on eggplant by plant pathogen Rsi PW1001. In R. solanacearum, it is known that the OtsA/OtsB pathway is the dominant trehalose synthesis pathway, and otsA and otsB encode trehalose-6-phosphate (T6P) synthase and T6P phosphatase, respectively. We generated otsA and otsB mutant strains and found that these mutant strains reduced the bacterial trehalose concentration and HR induction on eggplant leaves compared to wild-type. Trehalose functions intracellularly in Rsi PW1001 because addition of exogenous trehalose did not affect the HR level and ion leakage. Requirement of trehalose in HR induction is not common in R. solanacearum species complex because mutation of otsA in Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (former name: Ralstonia solanacearum phylotype I) RS1002 did not affect HR on the leaves of its non-host tobacco and wild eggplant Solanum torvum. Further, we also found that each otsA and otsB mutant had reduced ability to grow in a medium containing NaCl and sucrose, indicating that trehalose also has an important role in osmotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Laili
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
- Research Center for Biology, Research Organization for Life Sciences, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, West Java 16911,
Indonesia
| | - Takafumi Mukaihara
- Research Institute for Biological Sciences, Okayama (RIBS), 7549-1 Yoshikawa, Kibichuo-cho, Okayama 716-1241,
Japan
| | - Hidenori Matsui
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
| | - Mikihiro Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
| | - Yoshiteru Noutoshi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Toyoda
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
| | - Yuki Ichinose
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-naka 1-1-1, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530,
Japan
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13
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Lenz RR, Louie KB, Søndreli KL, Galanie SS, Chen JG, Muchero W, Bowen BP, Northen TR, LeBoldus JM. Metabolomic Patterns of Septoria Canker Resistant and Susceptible Populus trichocarpa Genotypes 24 Hours Postinoculation. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2021; 111:2052-2066. [PMID: 33881913 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-21-0053-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sphaerulina musiva is an economically and ecologically important fungal pathogen that causes Septoria stem canker and leaf spot disease of Populus species. To bridge the gap between genetic markers and structural barriers previously found to be linked to Septoria canker disease resistance in poplar, we used hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry to identify and quantify metabolites involved with signaling and cell wall remodeling. Fluctuations in signaling molecules, organic acids, amino acids, sterols, phenolics, and saccharides in resistant and susceptible P. trichocarpa inoculated with S. musiva were observed. The patterns of 222 metabolites in the resistant host implicate systemic acquired resistance (SAR), cell wall apposition, and lignin deposition as modes of resistance to this hemibiotrophic pathogen. This pattern is consistent with the expected response to the biotrophic phase of S. musiva colonization during the first 24 h postinoculation. The fungal pathogen metabolized key regulatory signals of SAR, other phenolics, and precursors of lignin biosynthesis that were depleted in the susceptible host. This is the first study to characterize metabolites associated with the response to initial colonization by S. musiva between resistant and susceptible hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan R Lenz
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | - Katherine B Louie
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Kelsey L Søndreli
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
| | | | - Jin-Gui Chen
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Wellington Muchero
- Biosciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831
| | - Benjamin P Bowen
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Trent R Northen
- Metabolomics Technology, DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Jared M LeBoldus
- Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
- Forest Resources, Engineering, and Management Department, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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14
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Bian C, Duan Y, Wang J, Xiu Q, Wang J, Hou Y, Song X, Zhou M. Validamycin A Induces Broad-Spectrum Resistance Involving Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid/Ethylene Signaling Pathways. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:1424-1437. [PMID: 32815479 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-08-20-0211-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Validamycin A (VMA) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used to control rice sheath blight. Although it has been reported that VMA can induce the plant defense responses, the mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) bursts and callose deposition in Arabidopsis thaliana, rice (Oryza sativa L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were induced by VMA and were most intense with 10 μg of VMA per milliliter at 24 h. Moreover, we showed that VMA induced resistance against Pseudomonas syringae, Botrytis cinerea, and Fusarium graminearum in Arabidopsis leaves, indicating that VMA induces broad-spectrum disease resistance in both dicots and monocots. In addition, VMA-mediated resistance against P. syringae was not induced in NahG transgenic plants, was partially decreased in npr1 mutants, and VMA-mediated resistance to B. cinerea was not induced in npr1, jar1, and ein2 mutants. These results strongly indicated that VMA triggers plant defense responses to both biotrophic and necrotrophic pathogens involved in salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET) signaling pathways and is dependent on NPR1. In addition, transcriptome analysis further revealed that VMA regulated the expression of genes involved in SA, JA/ET, abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin signal pathways. Taken together, VMA induces systemic resistance involving in SA and JA/ET signaling pathways and also exerts a positive influence on ABA and auxin signaling pathways. Our study highlights the creative application of VMA in triggering plant defense responses against plant pathogens, providing a valuable insight into applying VMA to enhance plant resistance and reduce the use of chemical pesticides.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanhong Bian
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yabing Duan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jueyu Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qian Xiu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jianxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiping Hou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiushi Song
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mingguo Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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15
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Jaber R, Planchon A, Mathieu-Rivet E, Kiefer-Meyer MC, Zahid A, Plasson C, Pamlard O, Beaupierre S, Trouvé JP, Guillou C, Driouich A, Follet-Gueye ML, Mollet JC. Identification of two compounds able to improve flax resistance towards Fusarium oxysporum infection. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 301:110690. [PMID: 33218648 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants are surrounded by a diverse range of microorganisms that causes serious crop losses and requires the use of pesticides. Flax is a major crop in Normandy used for its fibres and is regularly challenged by the pathogenic fungus Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) f. sp. lini. To protect themselves, plants use "innate immunity" as a first line of defense level against pathogens. Activation of plant defense with elicitors could be an alternative for crop plant protection. A previous work was conducted by screening a chemical library and led to the identification of compounds able to activate defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. Four compounds were tested for their abilities to improve resistance of two flax varieties against Fo. Two of them, one natural (holaphyllamine or HPA) and one synthetic (M4), neither affected flax nor Fo growth. HPA and M4 induced oxidative burst and callose deposition. Furthermore, HPA and M4 caused changes in the expression patterns of defense-related genes coding a glucanase and a chitinase-like. Finally, plants pre-treated with HPA or M4 exhibited a significant decrease in the disease symptoms. Together, these findings demonstrate that HPA and M4 are able to activate defense responses in flax and improve its resistance against Fo infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rim Jaber
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Aline Planchon
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Elodie Mathieu-Rivet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | | | - Abderrakib Zahid
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Carole Plasson
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Olivier Pamlard
- Unité de catalyse et chimie du solide, UMR CNRS 8181, Université de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
| | - Sandra Beaupierre
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR CNRS 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | | | - Catherine Guillou
- Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR CNRS 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, PRIMACEN, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
| | - Jean-Claude Mollet
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Glyco-MEV, EA4358, SFR NORVEGE FED 4277, I2C Carnot, IRIB, 76000, Rouen, France.
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16
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Ziv C, Kumar D, Sela N, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Schaffer AA, Prusky DB. Sugar-regulated susceptibility of tomato fruit to Colletotrichum and Penicillium requires differential mechanisms of pathogenicity and fruit responses. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:2870-2891. [PMID: 32323444 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Penicillium expansum cause postharvest diseases in tropical and deciduous fruit. During colonization, C. gloeosporioides and P. expansum secrete ammonia in hosts with low sugar content (LowSC) and gluconic acid in hosts with high sugar content (HighSC), respectively, as a mechanism to modulate enhanced pathogenicity. We studied the pathogens interactions with tomato lines of similar genetic background but differing in their sugar content. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed enhanced colonization of the LowSC line with differential expression response of 15% of its genes including enhanced relative expression of glycosyl hydrolases, glucanase and MFS-transporter genes. Enhanced colonization of P. expansum occurred in the HighSC line, accompanied by an increase in carbohydrate metabolic processes mainly phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, and only 4% of differentially expressed genes. Gene response of the two host lines strongly differed depending on the sugar level. Limited colonization of HighSC line by C. gloeosporioides was accompanied by a marked alteration of gene expression compared the LowSC response to the same pathogen; while colonization by P. expansum resulted in a similar response of the two different hosts. We suggest that this differential pattern of fungal/host responses may be the basis for the differential of host range of both pathogens in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmit Ziv
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Dilip Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Noa Sela
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Arthur A Schaffer
- Department of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Dov B Prusky
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
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17
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Gong L, Liu Y, Xiong Y, Li T, Yin C, Zhao J, Yu J, Yin Q, Gupta VK, Jiang Y, Duan X. New insights into the evolution of host specificity of three Penicillium species and the pathogenicity of P. Italicum involving the infection of Valencia orange ( Citrus sinensis). Virulence 2020; 11:748-768. [PMID: 32525727 PMCID: PMC7549954 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2020.1773038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Blue and green molds, the common phenotypes of post-harvest diseases in fruits, are mainly caused by Penicillium fungal species, including P. italicum, P. digitatum, and P. expansum. We sequenced and assembled the genome of a P. italicum strain, which contains 31,034,623 bp with 361 scaffolds and 627 contigs. The mechanisms underlying the evolution of host specificity among the analyzed Penicillium species were associated with the expansion of protein families, genome restructuring, horizontal gene transfer, and positive selection pressure. A dual-transcriptome analysis following the infection of Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) by P. italicum resulted in the annotation of 9,307 P. italicum genes and 24,591 Valencia orange genes. The pathogenicity of P. italicum may be due to the activation of effectors, including 51 small secreted cysteine-rich proteins, 110 carbohydrate-active enzymes, and 12 G protein-coupled receptors. Additionally, 211 metabolites related to the interactions between P. italicum and Valencia orange were identified by gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrography, three of which were further confirmed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. A metabolomics analysis indicated that P. italicum pathogenicity is associated with the sphingolipid and salicylic acid signaling pathways. Moreover, a correlation analysis between the metabolite contents and gene expression levels suggested that P. italicum induces carbohydrate metabolism in Valencia orange fruits as part of its infection strategy. This study provides useful information regarding the genomic determinants that drive the evolution of host specificity in Penicillium species and clarifies the host-plant specificity during the infection of Valencia orange by P. italicum. IMPORTANCE P. italicum GL_Gan1, a local strain in Guangzhou, China, was sequenced. Comparison of the genome of P. italicum GL_Gan1 with other pathogenic Penicillium species, P. digitatum and P. expansum, revealed that the expansion of protein families, genome restructuring, HGT, and positive selection pressure were related to the host range expansion of the analyzed Penicillium species. Moreover, gene gains or losses might be associated with the speciation of these Penicillium species. In addition, the molecular basis of host-plant specificity during the infection of Valencia orange (Citrus sinensis) by P. italicum was also elucidated by transcriptomic and metabolomics analysis. The data presented herein may be useful for further elucidating the molecular basis of the evolution of host specificity of Penicillium species and for illustrating the host-plant specificity during the infection of Valencia orange by P. italicum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongfeng Liu
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, China
| | - Yehui Xiong
- Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University , Beijing, China
| | - Taotao Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunxiao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - Juanni Zhao
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, China
| | - Jialin Yu
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Yin
- BGI PathoGenesis Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd, BGI-Shenzhen , Shenzhen, China
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology , Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Yueming Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuewu Duan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Sustainable Utilization/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
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18
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Summanwar A, Basu U, Rahman H, Kav N. Identification of lncRNAs Responsive to Infection by Plasmodiophora brassicae in Clubroot-Susceptible and -Resistant Brassica napus Lines Carrying Resistance Introgressed from Rutabaga. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2019; 32:1360-1377. [PMID: 31090490 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-12-18-0341-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Clubroot disease, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Woronin, is a major threat to the production of Brassica' crops. Resistance to different P. brassicae pathotypes has been reported in the A genome, chromosome A08; however, the molecular mechanism of this resistance, especially the involvement of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), is not understood. We have used a strand-specific lncRNA-Seq approach to catalog lncRNAs from the roots of clubroot-susceptible and -resistant Brassica napus lines. In total, 530 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were identified, including 88% of long intergenic RNAs and 11% natural antisense transcripts. Sixteen lncRNAs were identified as target mimics of the microRNAs (miRNAs) and eight were identified as the precursors of miRNAs. KEGG pathway analysis of the DE lncRNAs showed that the cis-regulated target genes mostly belong to the phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway (15%) and plant-pathogen interactions (15%) while the transregulated target genes mostly belong to carbon (18%) and amino acid biosynthesis pathway (19%). In all, 24 DE lncRNAs were identified from chromosome A08, which is known to harbor a quantitative trait locus conferring resistance to different P. brassicae pathotypes; however, eight of these lncRNAs showed expression only in the resistant plants. These results could form the basis for future studies aimed at delineating the roles of lncRNAs in plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarohi Summanwar
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Urmila Basu
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Habibur Rahman
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - Nat Kav
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 4-10 Agriculture/Forestry Centre, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
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Shi Y, Sun H, Wang X, Jin W, Chen Q, Yuan Z, Yu H. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses reveal the molecular networks of responses induced by exogenous trehalose in plant. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217204. [PMID: 31116769 PMCID: PMC6530874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that exogenous trehalose can improve resistances of plants to some abiotic and biotic stresses. Nonetheless, information respecting the molecular responses of tobacco leaves to Tre treatment is limited. Here we show that exogenous Tre can rapidly reduce stomatal aperture, up-regulate NADPH oxidase genes and increase O2•-andH2O2 on tobacco leaves at 2 h after treatment. We further demonstrated that imidazole and DPI, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, can promote recovery of stomatal aperture of tobacco leaves upon trehalose treatment. Exogenous trehalose increased tobacco leaf resistance to tobacco mosaic disease significantly in a concentration-dependent way. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms in response to exogenous trehalose, the transcriptomic responses of tobacco leaves with 10 (low concentration) or 50 (high concentration) mM of trehalose treatment at 2 or 24h were investigated through RNA-seq approach. In total, 1288 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found with different conditions of trehalose treatments relative to control. Among them, 1075 (83.5%) were triggered by low concentration of trehalose (10mM), indicating that low concentration of Tre is a better elicitor. Functional annotations with KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs are involved in metabolic pathway, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, plant hormone signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction, protein processing in ER, flavonoid synthesis and circadian rhythm and so on. The protein-protein interaction networks generated from the core DEGs regulated by all conditions strikingly revealed that eight proteins, including ClpB1, HSP70, DnaJB1-like protein, universal stress protein (USP) A-like protein, two FTSH6 proteins, GolS1-like protein and chloroplastics HSP, play a core role in responses to exogenous trehalose in tobacco leaves. Our data suggest that trehalose triggers a signal transduction pathway which involves calcium and ROS-mediated signalings. These core components could lead to partial resistance or tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, 19 DEGs were chosen for analysis of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The qRT-PCR for the 19 candidate genes coincided with the DEGs identified via the RNA-seq analysis, sustaining the reliability of our RNA-seq data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchun Shi
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoran Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weihuan Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qianyi Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhengdong Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haidong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Joseph JT, Poolakkalody NJ, Shah JM. Screening internal controls for expression analyses involving numerous treatments by combining statistical methods with reference gene selection tools. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 25:289-301. [PMID: 30804650 PMCID: PMC6352529 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-018-0608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Real-time PCR is always the method of choice for expression analyses involving comparison of a large number of treatments. It is also the favored method for final confirmation of transcript levels followed by high throughput methods such as RNA sequencing and microarray. Our analysis comprised 16 different permutation and combinations of treatments involving four different Agrobacterium strains and three time intervals in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. The routinely used reference genes for biotic stress analyses in plants showed variations in expression across some of our treatments. In this report, we describe how we narrowed down to the best reference gene out of 17 candidate genes. Though we initiated our reference gene selection process using common tools such as geNorm, Normfinder and BestKeeper, we faced situations where these software-selected candidate genes did not completely satisfy all the criteria of a stable reference gene. With our novel approach of combining simple statistical methods such as t test, ANOVA and post hoc analyses, along with the routine software-based analyses, we could perform precise evaluation and we identified two genes, UBQ10 and PPR as the best reference genes for normalizing mRNA levels in the context of 16 different conditions of Agrobacterium infection. Our study emphasizes the usefulness of applying statistical analyses along with the reference gene selection software for reference gene identification in experiments involving the comparison of a large number of treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyous T. Joseph
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316 India
| | | | - Jasmine M. Shah
- Department of Plant Science, Central University of Kerala, Periye, Kasaragod, 671316 India
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21
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Safi H, Wangorsch A, Lidholm J, Brini F, Spiric J, Rihs HP, Vieths S, Armentia A, Farioli L, Diaz-Perales A, Pastorello EA, Scheurer S. Identification and molecular characterization of allergenic non-specific lipid-transfer protein from durum wheat (Triticum turgidum). Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 49:120-129. [PMID: 30199586 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common wheat (Triticum aestivum) and durum wheat (T. turgidum) are both involved in Baker's asthma (BA) and food allergy (FA) including wheat-dependent exercise-induced asthma (WDEIA). However, allergens in durum wheat have not been described, and the over-expression of T. turgidum non-specific lipid-transfer protein (nsLTPs) is considered to increase resistance to phytopathogens. OBJECTIVE To identify and assess the allergenicity of nsLTP from T. turgidum. METHODS Recombinant T. turgidum nsLTP Tri tu 14 was generated and tested for structural integrity (circular dichroism-spectroscopy) and purity (SDS-PAGE). Thirty-two wheat allergic patients were enrolled: 20 Spanish patients (BA) with positive bronchial challenge to wheat flour, and 12 Italian patients (wheat FA/WDEIA) with positive double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge/open food challenge (OFC) to pasta. IgE values to wheat, Tri tu 14, Tri a 14 (T. aestivum) and Pru p 3 (P. persica) were determined by ImmunoCAP testing. Allergenic potency (in vitro mediator release) and IgE cross-reactivity were investigated. RESULTS Tri tu 14 was found to share 49% and 52% amino acid identity with Tri a 14 and Pru p 3, respectively. Among 25 Tri a 14 CAP positive sera, 23 (92%) were reactive to wheat extract, 22 (88%) to Tri tu 14 and 20 (80%) to Pru p 3. The correlation between Tri a 14 and Tri tu 14 specific IgE levels was r = 0.97 (BA) and r = 0.93 (FA/WDEIA), respectively. FA/WDEIA patients showed higher specific IgE values to Tri tu 14 and Pru p 3 than BA patients. Tri tu 14 displayed allergenic activity by mediator release from effector cells and IgE cross-reactivity with Pru p 3. The degree of IgE cross-reactivity between the two wheat nsLTPs varied between individual patients. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Sensitization to Tri tu 14 likely appears to be more important in wheat FA/WDEIA than in BA. Over-expression of Tri tu 14 in wheat would represent a risk for patients with nsLTP-mediated FA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Safi
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia.,Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Andrea Wangorsch
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Faiçal Brini
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Plant Improvement, Centre of Biotechnology, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Jelena Spiric
- Division Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Rihs
- Institute for Prevention and Occupational Medicine of the German Social Accident Insurance (IPA), Institute of the Ruhr-University Bochum, Molecular Genetics, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stefan Vieths
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
| | | | - Laura Farioli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Araceli Diaz-Perales
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, E. T.S. Ingenieros Agrónomos/Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas (CBGP, UPM-INIA) Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elide A Pastorello
- Department of Allergology and Immunology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Stephan Scheurer
- Molecular Allergology, Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines, Langen, Germany
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23
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Fatima S, Anjum T. Identification of a Potential ISR Determinant from Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM12 against Fusarium Wilt in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:848. [PMID: 28620396 PMCID: PMC5450013 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biocontrol of plant diseases through induction of systemic resistance is an environmental friendly substitute to chemicals in crop protection measures. Different biotic and abiotic elicitors can trigger the plant for induced resistance. Present study was designed to explore the potential of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PM12 in inducing systemic resistance in tomato against Fusarium wilt. Initially the bioactive compound, responsible for ISR, was separated and identified from extracellular filtrate of P. aeruginosa PM12. After that purification and characterization of the bacterial crude extracts was carried out through a series of organic solvents. The fractions exhibiting ISR activity were further divided into sub-fractions through column chromatography. Sub fraction showing maximum ISR activity was subjected to Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the identification of compounds. Analytical result showed three compounds in the ISR active sub-fraction viz: 3-hydroxy-5-methoxy benzene methanol (HMB), eugenol and tyrosine. Subsequent bioassays proved that HMB is the potential ISR determinant that significantly ameliorated Fusarium wilt of tomato when applied as soil drench method at the rate of 10 mM. In the next step of this study, GC-MS analysis was performed to detect changes induced in primary and secondary metabolites of tomato plants by the ISR determinant. Plants were treated with HMB and Fusarium oxysporum in different combinations showing intensive re- modulations in defense related pathways. This work concludes that HMB is the potential elicitor involved in dynamic reprogramming of plant pathways which functionally contributes in defense responses. Furthermore the use of biocontrol agents as natural enemies of soil borne pathogens besides enhancing production potential of crop can provide a complementary tactic for sustainable integrated pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabin Fatima
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the PunjabLahore, Pakistan
| | - Tehmina Anjum
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the PunjabLahore, Pakistan
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24
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Evangelisti E, Gogleva A, Hainaux T, Doumane M, Tulin F, Quan C, Yunusov T, Floch K, Schornack S. Time-resolved dual transcriptomics reveal early induced Nicotiana benthamiana root genes and conserved infection-promoting Phytophthora palmivora effectors. BMC Biol 2017; 15:39. [PMID: 28494759 PMCID: PMC5427549 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0379-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-pathogenic oomycetes are responsible for economically important losses in crops worldwide. Phytophthora palmivora, a tropical relative of the potato late blight pathogen, causes rotting diseases in many tropical crops including papaya, cocoa, oil palm, black pepper, rubber, coconut, durian, mango, cassava and citrus. Transcriptomics have helped to identify repertoires of host-translocated microbial effector proteins which counteract defenses and reprogram the host in support of infection. As such, these studies have helped in understanding how pathogens cause diseases. Despite the importance of P. palmivora diseases, genetic resources to allow for disease resistance breeding and identification of microbial effectors are scarce. RESULTS We employed the model plant Nicotiana benthamiana to study the P. palmivora root infections at the cellular and molecular levels. Time-resolved dual transcriptomics revealed different pathogen and host transcriptome dynamics. De novo assembly of P. palmivora transcriptome and semi-automated prediction and annotation of the secretome enabled robust identification of conserved infection-promoting effectors. We show that one of them, REX3, suppresses plant secretion processes. In a survey for early transcriptionally activated plant genes we identified a N. benthamiana gene specifically induced at infected root tips that encodes a peptide with danger-associated molecular features. CONCLUSIONS These results constitute a major advance in our understanding of P. palmivora diseases and establish extensive resources for P. palmivora pathogenomics, effector-aided resistance breeding and the generation of induced resistance to Phytophthora root infections. Furthermore, our approach to find infection-relevant secreted genes is transferable to other pathogen-host interactions and not restricted to plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna Gogleva
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas Hainaux
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
- Present address: Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Mehdi Doumane
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
- Present address: École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Frej Tulin
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
| | - Clément Quan
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
| | - Temur Yunusov
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
| | - Kévin Floch
- Sainsbury Laboratory Cambridge University (SLCU), Cambridge, UK
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Govind SR, Jogaiah S, Abdelrahman M, Shetty HS, Tran LSP. Exogenous Trehalose Treatment Enhances the Activities of Defense-Related Enzymes and Triggers Resistance against Downy Mildew Disease of Pearl Millet. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1593. [PMID: 27895647 PMCID: PMC5109038 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, diverse physiological functions of various sugars are the subject of investigations. Their roles in signal transduction in plant responses to adverse biotic and abiotic stress conditions have become apparent, and growing scientific evidence has indicated that disaccharides like sucrose and trehalose mediate plant defense responses in similar way as those induced by elicitors against the pathogens. Trehalose is a well-known metabolic osmoregulator, stress-protectant and non-reducing disaccharide existing in a variety of organisms, including fungi, bacteria, and plants. Commercially procured trehalose was applied to seeds of susceptible pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) cultivar "HB3," and tested for its ability to reduce downy mildew disease incidence by induction of resistance. Seed treatment with trehalose at 200 mM for 9 h recorded 70.25% downy mildew disease protection, followed by those with 100 and 50 mM trehalose which offered 64.35 and 52.55% defense, respectively, under greenhouse conditions. Furthermore, under field conditions treatment with 200 mM trehalose for 9 h recorded 67.25% downy mildew disease protection, and reduced the disease severity to 32.75% when compared with untreated control which displayed 90% of disease severity. Trehalose did not affect either sporangial formation or zoospore release from sporangia, indicating that the reduction in disease incidence was not due to direct inhibition but rather through induction of resistance responses in the host. Additionally, trehalose was shown to enhance the levels of polyphenol oxidase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and peroxidase, which are known as markers of both biotic and abiotic stress responses. Our study shows that osmoregulators like trehalose could be used to protect plants against pathogen attacks by seed treatment, thus offering dual benefits of biotic and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharathchandra R. Govind
- Department of Studies and Research in Environmental Science, Centre for Bioinformation, Tumkur UniversityTumkur, India
| | - Sudisha Jogaiah
- Plant Healthcare and Diagnostic Center, Department of Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology, Karnatak UniversityDharwad, India
| | - Mostafa Abdelrahman
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku UniversitySendai, Japan
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Aswan UniversityAswan, Egypt
| | - Hunthrike S. Shetty
- Downy Mildew Research Laboratory, Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of MysoreMysore, India
| | - Lam-Son P. Tran
- Plant Abiotic Stress Research Group & Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang UniversityHo Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceYokohama, Japan
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Zhang H, Hong Y, Huang L, Liu S, Tian L, Dai Y, Cao Z, Huang L, Li D, Song F. Virus-Induced Gene Silencing-Based Functional Analyses Revealed the Involvement of Several Putative Trehalose-6-Phosphate Synthase/Phosphatase Genes in Disease Resistance against Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 in Tomato. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1176. [PMID: 27540389 PMCID: PMC4972837 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose and its metabolism have been demonstrated to play important roles in control of plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, direct genetic evidence supporting the functions of trehalose and its metabolism in defense response against pathogens is lacking. In the present study, genome-wide characterization of putative trehalose-related genes identified 11 SlTPSs for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, 8 SlTPPs for trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase and one SlTRE1 for trehalase in tomato genome. Nine SlTPSs, 4 SlTPPs, and SlTRE1 were selected for functional analyses to explore their involvement in tomato disease resistance. Some selected SlTPSs, SlTPPs, and SlTRE1 responded with distinct expression induction patterns to Botrytis cinerea and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000 as well as to defense signaling hormones (e.g., salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and a precursor of ethylene). Virus-induced gene silencing-mediated silencing of SlTPS3, SlTPS4, or SlTPS7 led to deregulation of ROS accumulation and attenuated the expression of defense-related genes upon pathogen infection and thus deteriorated the resistance against B. cinerea or Pst DC3000. By contrast, silencing of SlTPS5 or SlTPP2 led to an increased expression of the defense-related genes upon pathogen infection and conferred an increased resistance against Pst DC3000. Silencing of SlTPS3, SlTPS4, SlTPS5, SlTPS7, or SlTPP2 affected trehalose level in tomato plants with or without infection of B. cinerea or Pst DC3000. These results demonstrate that SlTPS3, SlTPS4, SlTPS5, SlTPS7, and SlTPP2 play roles in resistance against B. cinerea and Pst DC3000, implying the importance of trehalose and tis metabolism in regulation of defense response against pathogens in tomato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Zhang
- College of Life Science, Taizhou UniversityTaizhou, China
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yongbo Hong
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Lei Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Shixia Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Limei Tian
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Yi Dai
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Zhongye Cao
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Huang
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Dayong Li
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Fengming Song
- National Key Laboratory for Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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Tayeh C, Randoux B, Laruelle F, Bourdon N, Reignault P. Phosphatidic acid synthesis, octadecanoic pathway and fatty acids content as lipid markers of exogeneous salicylic acid-induced elicitation in wheat. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2016; 43:512-522. [PMID: 32480481 DOI: 10.1071/fp15347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Activators of plant defence responses against pathogens are a potential alternative to fungicides, and the well-known resistance inducer salicylic acid (SA) protects wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) against powdery mildew. The aim of our work was to investigate through biochemical and molecular approaches whether lipid metabolism alteration could be considered as a characteristic feature of induced resistance in wheat upon SA infiltration. Expression levels of lox, PI-PLC2 and ltp genes encoding for a lipoxygenase (LOX), a phospholipase C2 and a lipid-transfer protein, respectively, were investigated. Increase of phosphatidic acid (PA) content 48h after SA infiltration in wheat leaves, upregulation of PI-PLC2 gene expression and increased diacylglycerol content were recorded, indicating the involvement of the PLC pathway in the PA synthesis. The wheat octadecanoid pathway was shown to be highly responsive to SA infiltration through simultaneous increases in lox gene expression and LOX activity, as well as a reduction in the content of linolenic acid. Changes in several FA contents and increases of the ltp gene expression were also recorded during the latest hours after SA infiltration. The status of lipid metabolism, as well as the connections between its components as markers of SA-induced resistance in wheat, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Tayeh
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), GIS PhyNoPi, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Université Lille-Nord de France, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Béatrice Randoux
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), GIS PhyNoPi, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Université Lille-Nord de France, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Laruelle
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), GIS PhyNoPi, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Université Lille-Nord de France, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Natacha Bourdon
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), GIS PhyNoPi, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Université Lille-Nord de France, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
| | - Philippe Reignault
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), GIS PhyNoPi, Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Université Lille-Nord de France, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, CS 80699, F-62228, Calais cedex, France
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Greenslade A, Ward J, Martin J, Corol D, Clark S, Smart L, Aradottir G. Triticum monococcum lines with distinct metabolic phenotypes and phloem-based partial resistance to the bird cherry-oat aphid Rhopalosiphum padi. THE ANNALS OF APPLIED BIOLOGY 2016; 168:435-449. [PMID: 27570248 PMCID: PMC4982108 DOI: 10.1111/aab.12274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Crop protection is an integral part of establishing food security, by protecting the yield potential of crops. Cereal aphids cause yield losses by direct damage and transmission of viruses. Some wild relatives of wheat show resistance to aphids but the mechanisms remain unresolved. In order to elucidate the location of the partial resistance to the bird cherry-oat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi, in diploid wheat lines of Triticum monococcum, we conducted aphid performance studies using developmental bioassays and electrical penetration graphs, as well as metabolic profiling of partially resistant and susceptible lines. This demonstrated that the partial resistance is related to a delayed effect on the reproduction and development of R. padi. The observed partial resistance is phloem based and is shown by an increase in number of probes before the first phloem ingestion, a higher number and duration of salivation events without subsequent phloem feeding and a shorter time spent phloem feeding on plants with reduced susceptibility. Clear metabolic phenotypes separate partially resistant and susceptible lines, with the former having lower levels of the majority of primary metabolites, including total carbohydrates. A number of compounds were identified as being at different levels in the susceptible and partially resistant lines, with asparagine, octopamine and glycine betaine elevated in less susceptible lines without aphid infestation. In addition, two of those, asparagine and octopamine, as well as threonine, glutamine, succinate, trehalose, glycerol, guanosine and choline increased in response to infestation, accumulating in plant tissue localised close to aphid feeding after 24 h. There was no clear evidence of systemic plant response to aphid infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.F.C. Greenslade
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - J.L. Ward
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop ScienceRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - J.L. Martin
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - D.I. Corol
- Department of Plant Biology and Crop ScienceRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - S.J. Clark
- Department of Computational and Systems BiologyRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 2JQUK
| | - L.E. Smart
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
| | - G.I. Aradottir
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop ProtectionRothamsted ResearchHertfordshireAL5 5JQUK
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29
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Tayeh C, Randoux B, Tisserant B, Khong G, Jacques P, Reignault P. Are ineffective defence reactions potential target for induced resistance during the compatible wheat-powdery mildew interaction? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2015; 96:9-19. [PMID: 26218548 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2015.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew caused by Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici, an obligate aerial biotrophic fungus, would be one of the most damaging wheat (Triticum aestivum) diseases without the extensive use of conventional fungicides. In our study, the expression levels of some basal defence-related genes were investigated during a compatible interaction in order to evaluate wheat reactions to infection, along with the different stages of the infectious process in planta. As fungal conidia initiated their germination and developed appressorial germ tube (AGT), early defence reactions involved the expression of a lipoxygenase (LOX)- and an oxalate oxidase (OXO)-encoding genes, followed by activations of corresponding LOX (EC 1.13.11.12) and OXO (EC 1.2.3.4) activities, respectively. When penetration of AGT took place, up-regulation of chitinases (CHI) and PR1-encoding genes expression occurred along with an increase of CHI (EC 3.2.1.14) activity. Meanwhile, expression of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-encoding gene also took place. Up-regulation of a phospholipase C- and lipid transfer proteins-encoding genes expression occurred during the latest stages of infection. Neither the phi glutathione S-transferase (GST)-encoding gene expression nor the GST (EC 2.5.1.13) activity was modified upon wheat infection by powdery mildew. Whether these defence reactions during such a compatible interaction are markers of immunity or susceptibility, and whether they have the ability to contribute to protection upon modulation of their timing and their intensity by resistance inducers are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Tayeh
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492), Univ. Lille-Nord de France, GIS PhyNoPi, B.P.699, F-62229 Calais Cedex, France.
| | - B Randoux
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492), Univ. Lille-Nord de France, GIS PhyNoPi, B.P.699, F-62229 Calais Cedex, France
| | - B Tisserant
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492), Univ. Lille-Nord de France, GIS PhyNoPi, B.P.699, F-62229 Calais Cedex, France
| | - G Khong
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492), Univ. Lille-Nord de France, GIS PhyNoPi, B.P.699, F-62229 Calais Cedex, France
| | - Ph Jacques
- Université de Lille, Institut Régional de Recherche en Agroalimentaire et Biotechnologie Charles Viollette, Cité Scientifique, F-59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Ph Reignault
- Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale, Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV-EA4492), Univ. Lille-Nord de France, GIS PhyNoPi, B.P.699, F-62229 Calais Cedex, France.
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30
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Piazza A, Zimaro T, Garavaglia BS, Ficarra FA, Thomas L, Marondedze C, Feil R, Lunn JE, Gehring C, Ottado J, Gottig N. The dual nature of trehalose in citrus canker disease: a virulence factor for Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri and a trigger for plant defence responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:2795-811. [PMID: 25770587 PMCID: PMC4986880 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is a bacterial pathogen that causes citrus canker in susceptible Citrus spp. The Xcc genome contains genes encoding enzymes from three separate pathways of trehalose biosynthesis. Expression of genes encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (otsA) and trehalose phosphatase (otsB) was highly induced during canker development, suggesting that the two-step pathway of trehalose biosynthesis via trehalose-6-phosphate has a function in pathogenesis. This pathway was eliminated from the bacterium by deletion of the otsA gene. The resulting XccΔotsA mutant produced less trehalose than the wild-type strain, was less resistant to salt and oxidative stresses, and was less able to colonize plant tissues. Gene expression and proteomic analyses of infected leaves showed that infection with XccΔotsA triggered only weak defence responses in the plant compared with infection with Xcc, and had less impact on the host plant's metabolism than the wild-type strain. These results suggested that trehalose of bacterial origin, synthesized via the otsA-otsB pathway, in Xcc, plays a role in modifying the host plant's metabolism to its own advantage but is also perceived by the plant as a sign of pathogen attack. Thus, trehalose biosynthesis has both positive and negative consequences for Xcc. On the one hand, it enables this bacterial pathogen to survive in the inhospitable environment of the leaf surface before infection and exploit the host plant's resources after infection, but on the other hand, it is a tell-tale sign of the pathogen's presence that triggers the plant to defend itself against infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainelén Piazza
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Tamara Zimaro
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Betiana S Garavaglia
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Florencia A Ficarra
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Ludivine Thomas
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Claudius Marondedze
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Regina Feil
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam (OT) Golm, Germany
| | - John E Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschaftspark Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam (OT) Golm, Germany
| | - Chris Gehring
- Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorgelina Ottado
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
| | - Natalia Gottig
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (IBR-CONICET) and Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Ocampo y Esmeralda, Rosario 2000, Argentina
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Baldacci-Cresp F, Maucourt M, Deborde C, Pierre O, Moing A, Brouquisse R, Favery B, Frendo P. Maturation of nematode-induced galls in Medicago truncatula is related to water status and primary metabolism modifications. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 232:77-85. [PMID: 25617326 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2014.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Revised: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes are obligatory plant parasitic worms that establish and maintain an intimate relationship with their host plants. During a compatible interaction, these nematodes induce the redifferentiation of root cells into multinucleate and hypertrophied giant cells (GCs). These metabolically active feeding cells constitute the exclusive source of nutrients for the nematode. We analyzed the modifications of water status, ionic content and accumulation of metabolites in development and mature galls induced by Meloidogyne incognita and in uninfected roots of Medicago truncatula plants. Water potential and osmotic pressure are significantly modified in mature galls compared to developing galls and control roots. Ionic content is significantly modified in galls compared to roots. Principal component analyses of metabolite content showed that mature gall metabolism is significantly modified compared to developing gall metabolism. The most striking differences were the three-fold increase of trehalose content associated to the five-fold diminution in glucose concentration in mature galls. Gene expression analysis showed that trehalose accumulation was, at least, partially linked to a significantly lower expression of the trehalase gene in mature galls. Our results point to significant modifications of gall physiology during maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Baldacci-Cresp
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; INRA UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; CNRS UMR1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France.
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- Université de Bordeaux 2, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; Metabolome Facility of Bordeaux Functional Genomics Center, IBVM, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- Metabolome Facility of Bordeaux Functional Genomics Center, IBVM, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Olivier Pierre
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; INRA UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; CNRS UMR1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Annick Moing
- Metabolome Facility of Bordeaux Functional Genomics Center, IBVM, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France; INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Centre INRA de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Renaud Brouquisse
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; INRA UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; CNRS UMR1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Bruno Favery
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; INRA UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; CNRS UMR1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Pierre Frendo
- Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, UMR Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; INRA UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France; CNRS UMR1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, 400 route des chappes BP167, F-06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
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32
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Lunn JE, Delorge I, Figueroa CM, Van Dijck P, Stitt M. Trehalose metabolism in plants. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2014; 79:544-67. [PMID: 24645920 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 306] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2014] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Trehalose is a quantitatively important compatible solute and stress protectant in many organisms, including green algae and primitive plants. These functions have largely been replaced by sucrose in vascular plants, and trehalose metabolism has taken on new roles. Trehalose is a potential signal metabolite in plant interactions with pathogenic or symbiotic micro-organisms and herbivorous insects. It is also implicated in responses to cold and salinity, and in regulation of stomatal conductance and water-use efficiency. In plants, as in other eukaryotes and many prokaryotes, trehalose is synthesized via a phosphorylated intermediate, trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P). A meta-analysis revealed that the levels of Tre6P change in parallel with sucrose, which is the major product of photosynthesis and the main transport sugar in plants. We propose the existence of a bi-directional network, in which Tre6P is a signal of sucrose availability and acts to maintain sucrose concentrations within an appropriate range. Tre6P influences the relative amounts of sucrose and starch that accumulate in leaves during the day, and regulates the rate of starch degradation at night to match the demand for sucrose. Mutants in Tre6P metabolism have highly pleiotropic phenotypes, showing defects in embryogenesis, leaf growth, flowering, inflorescence branching and seed set. It has been proposed that Tre6P influences plant growth and development via inhibition of the SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK1). However, current models conflict with some experimental data, and do not completely explain the pleiotropic phenotypes exhibited by mutants in Tre6P metabolism. Additional explanations for the diverse effects of alterations in Tre6P metabolism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Edward Lunn
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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