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Tu CK, Wang PH, Lee MH. Endophytic Bacterium Lysobacter firmicutimachus Strain 5-7 Is a Promising Biocontrol Agent Against Rice Seedling Disease Caused by Pythium arrhenomanes in Nursery Trays. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:1075-1086. [PMID: 36096100 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-05-22-1195-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice root rot disease caused by Pythium spp. is a highly destructive disease in rice nurseries. Biocontrol with endophytic bacteria was developed in this study to control rice seedling diseases. An in planta screening assay revealed that two bacterial endophytes, strains 5-7 and 6-4, displayed strong protection of rice seedlings from attack by Pythium arrhenomanes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain 5-7 is Lysobacter firmicutimachus, while strain 6-4 belongs to the Kitasatospora genus. To quickly evaluate the disease severity of the root system damaged by Pythium spp. in nursery trays, a root surface area measurement assay was developed. By using this measurement, the control efficacy in nursery trays was evaluated, and L. firmicutimachus 5-7 showed promising biocontrol activity against Pythium disease. In a field trial, the two endophytes exhibited significant disease control efficacy on rice brown spot disease caused by Bipolaris oryzae naturally occurring in a commercial nursery field. The two endophytes exhibited multiple enzymatic activities and broad-spectrum antagonistic activities against multiple rice pathogens. The two endophytes colonized the root surface and inside of the root. L. firmicutimachus 5-7 primarily colonized the intercellular space and aerenchyma. Antibiosis is the major mechanism used by strain 5-7 to cause Bipolaris hyphal swelling and inhibit Pythium zoospore germination and sporangium formation, while a hyperparasitism-like phenomenon was found in the interaction of strain 6-4 with Pythium and Bipolaris hyphae. In conclusion, we report the promising biocontrol agent L. firmicutimachus 5-7 and the potential biocontrol agent Kitasatospora sp. 6-4 for disease control of rice seedlings in commercial nursery trays and their possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Kuan Tu
- Department of Plant Pathology and Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40277, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Han Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology and Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40277, Taiwan
| | - Miin-Huey Lee
- Department of Plant Pathology and Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40277, Taiwan
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Lin L, Yang Z, Tao M, Shen D, Cui C, Wang P, Wang L, Jing M, Qian G, Shao X. Lysobacter enzymogenes prevents Phytophthora infection by inhibiting pathogen growth and eliciting plant immune responses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116147. [PMID: 36743479 PMCID: PMC9892905 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Phytophthora pathogen causes enormous damage to important agricultural plants. This group of filamentous pathogens is phylogenetically distant from fungi, making them difficult to control by most chemical fungicides. Lysobacter enzymogenes OH11 (OH11) is a biocontrol bacterium that secretes HSAF (Heat-Stable Antifungal Factor) as a broad-spectrum antifungal weapon. Here, we showed that OH11 could also control a variety of plant Phytophthora diseases caused by three major oomycetes (P. sojae, P. capsici and P. infestans). We provided abundant evidence to prove that OH11 protected host plants from Phytophthora pathogen infection by inhibiting mycelial growth, digesting cysts, suppressing cyst germination, and eliciting plant immune responses. Interestingly, the former two processes required the presence of HSAF, while the latter two did not. This suggested that L. enzymogenes could prevent Phytophthora infection via multiple previously unknown mechanisms. Therefore, this study showed that L. enzymogenes could serve as a promising alternative resource for promoting plant resistance to multiple Phytophthora pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Lin
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixiang Yang
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Tao
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanbin Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shaanxi Provincial Tobacco Corporation of CNTC, Xi’an, China
| | - Pingping Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Shaanxi Provincial Tobacco Corporation of CNTC, Xi’an, China
| | - Limin Wang
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maofeng Jing
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoliang Qian
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaolong Shao
- College of Plant Protection (State Key Laboratory of Biological interactions and Crop Health; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Suaifan GARY, Abdel Rahman DMA, Abu-Odeh AM, Abu Jbara F, Shehadeh MB, Darwish RM. Antibiotic-Lysobacter enzymogenes proteases combination as a novel virulence attenuating therapy. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282705. [PMID: 36893145 PMCID: PMC9997937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Minimizing antibiotic resistance is a key motivation strategy in designing and developing new and combination therapy. In this study, a combination of the antibiotics (cefixime, levofloxacin and gentamicin) with Lysobacter enzymogenes (L. enzymogenes) bioactive proteases present in the cell- free supernatant (CFS) have been investigated against the Gram-positive methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli O157:H7). Results indicated that L. enzymogenes CFS had maximum proteolytic activity after 11 days of incubation and higher growth inhibitory properties against MSSA and MRSA compared to E. coli (O157:H7). The combination of L. enzymogenes CFS with cefixime, gentamicin and levofloxacin at sub-MIC levels, has potentiated their bacterial inhibition capacity. Interestingly, combining cefixime with L. enzymogenes CFS restored its antibacterial activity against MRSA. The MTT assay revealed that L. enzymogenes CFS has no significant reduction in human normal skin fibroblast (CCD-1064SK) cell viability. In conclusion, L. enzymogenes bioactive proteases are natural potentiators for antimicrobials with different bacterial targets including cefixime, gentamicin and levofloxacin representing the beginning of a modern and efficient era in the battle against multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghadeer A. R. Y. Suaifan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Diana M. A. Abdel Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ala’ M. Abu-Odeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Jordan, Amman
| | | | - Mayadah B. Shehadeh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rula M. Darwish
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Martínez-Servat S, Pinyol-Escala L, Daura-Pich O, Almazán M, Hernández I, López-García B, Fernández C. Characterization of Lysobacter enzymogenes B25, a potential biological control agent of plant-parasitic nematodes, and its mode of action. AIMS Microbiol 2023; 9:151-176. [PMID: 36891531 PMCID: PMC9988411 DOI: 10.3934/microbiol.2023010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
It is certainly difficult to estimate productivity losses due to the action of phytopathogenic nematodes but it might be about 12 % of world agricultural production. Although there are numerous tools to reduce the effect of these nematodes, there is growing concern about their environmental impact. Lysobacter enzymogenes B25 is an effective biological control agent against plant-parasitic nematodes, showing control over root-knot nematodes (RKN) such as Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica. In this paper, the efficacy of B25 to control RKN infestation in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Durinta) is described. The bacterium was applied 4 times at an average of concentration around 108 CFU/mL showing an efficacy of 50-95 % depending on the population and the pressure of the pathogen. Furthermore, the control activity of B25 was comparable to that of the reference chemical used. L. enzymogenes B25 is hereby characterized, and its mode of action studied, focusing on different mechanisms that include motility, the production of lytic enzymes and secondary metabolites and the induction of plant defenses. The presence of M. incognita increased the twitching motility of B25. In addition, cell-free supernatants obtained after growing B25, in both poor and rich media, showed efficacy in inhibiting RKN egg hatching in vitro. This nematicidal activity was sensitive to high temperatures, suggesting that it is mainly due to extracellular lytic enzymes. The secondary metabolites heat-stable antifungal factor and alteramide A/B were identified in the culture filtrate and their contribution to the nematicidal activity of B25 is discussed. This study points out L. enzymogenes B25 as a promising biocontrol microorganism against nematode infestation of plants and a good candidate to develop a sustainable nematicidal product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marta Almazán
- Futureco Bioscience, S.A, Olèrdola, Barcelona, Spain
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Xu S, Zhang Z, Xie X, Shi Y, Chai A, Fan T, Li B, Li L. Comparative genomics provides insights into the potential biocontrol mechanism of two Lysobacter enzymogenes strains with distinct antagonistic activities. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:966986. [PMID: 36033849 PMCID: PMC9410377 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.966986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysobacter enzymogenes has been applied as an abundant beneficial microorganism to control plant disease; however, most L. enzymogenes strains have been mainly reported to control fungal diseases, not bacterial diseases. In this study, two L. enzymogenes strains were characterized, of which CX03 displayed a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities toward multiple bacteria, while CX06 exhibited a broad spectrum of antagonistic activities toward diverse fungi and oomycete, and the whole genomes of the two strains were sequenced and compared. The genome annotation showed that the CX03 genome comprised a 5,947,018 bp circular chromosome, while strain CX06 comprised a circular 6,206,196 bp chromosome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CX03 had a closer genetic relationship with L. enzymogenes ATCC29487T and M497-1, while CX06 was highly similar to L. enzymogenes C3. Functional gene annotation analyses of the two L. enzymogenes strains showed that many genes or gene clusters associated with the biosynthesis of different secondary metabolites were found in strains CX03 and CX06, which may be responsible for the different antagonistic activities against diverse plant pathogens. Moreover, comparative genomic analysis revealed the difference in bacterial secretory systems between L. enzymogenes strains CX03 and CX06. In addition, numerous conserved genes related to siderophore biosynthesis, quorum sensing, two-component systems, flagellar biosynthesis and chemotaxis were also identified in the genomes of strains CX03 and CX06. Most reported L. enzymogenes strains were proven mainly to suppress fungi, while CX03 exhibited direct inhibitory activities toward plant bacterial pathogens and showed an obvious role in managing bacterial disease. This study provides a novel understanding of the biocontrol mechanisms of L. enzymogenes, and reveals great potential for its application in plant disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Baoju Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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In Vitro Screening of New Biological Limiters against Some of the Main Soil-Borne Phytopathogens. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This study explored the role of Aphanocladium album (strain MX95), Pleurotus ostreatus (strain ALPO) and Pleurotus eryngii (strain AL142PE) as potential biological limiters. MX95, ALPO and AL142PE were screened under laboratory studies against Phytophthora nicotianae (PN), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL), Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL), Fusarium solani (FS), Sclerotinia minor (SM), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (SS), Athelia (Sclerotium) rolfsii (AR) and Verticillium dahliae (VD). The radial growth inhibition and the over-growth of potential antagonists on the target organisms were used to assess the interactions in the in vitro dual culture plate assay. The antagonistic ability of each challenge isolate was evaluated by calculating an index of the antagonism (AI) based on the interaction type in the dual cultures. MX95, reducing the growth of SS (20%) and FS (40%), displayed deadlock at mycelial contact against FOL and FORL, deadlock at distance versus VD and completely over-grew PN and SM. ALPO reduced (43 to 88%) the mycelial growth of tested pathogens except FORL and replaced PN and VD. AL142PE reducing (53 to 67%) SS, VD, FS and FOL mycelial growth and completely over-grew PN. AR showed combative ability against all the experienced biological limiters. Based on the results of the AI values, MX95 (AI = 16.5) was considered an active antagonist, while ALPO (AI = 11.5) and AL142PE (AI = 12.0) were moderately active antagonists. Strains MX95, ALPO and AL142PE were suitable as environment-friendly potential biocontrol agents to manage some of the main soil-borne agents of foot, root, soft rot and wilt diseases. These results are the first step in the assessment of the potential capacity of these organisms as biological limiters. Nevertheless, additional experiments should be performed for the translation to the field conditions in plant protection against soil-borne plant pathogens. In particular, the optimisation of dose and application time validation should be performed for a solid conclusion about the competitive ability of MX95, ALPO and AL142PE and the usefulness of potential biological limiters.
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Dong F, Wang Y, Tang M. Effects of Laccaria bicolor on Gene Expression of Populus trichocarpa Root under Poplar Canker Stress. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7121024. [PMID: 34947006 PMCID: PMC8703858 DOI: 10.3390/jof7121024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Poplars can be harmed by poplar canker. Inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi can improve the resistance of poplars to canker, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. In this study, an aseptic inoculation system of L. bicolor-P. trichocarpa-B. dothidea was constructed, and transcriptome analysis was performed to investigate regulation by L. bicolor of the expression of genes in the roots of P. trichocarpa during the onset of B. dothidea infection, and a total of 3022 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed on these DEGs, and 661 genes' expressions were considered to be affected by inoculation with L. bicolor and B. dothidea. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses showed that these 661 DEGs were involved in multiple pathways such as signal transduction, reactive oxygen metabolism, and plant-pathogen interaction. Inoculation with L. bicolor changed the gene expression pattern of the roots, evidencing its involvement in the disease resistance response of P. trichocarpa. This research reveals the mechanism of L. bicolor in inducing resistance to canker of P. trichocarpa at the molecular level and provides a theoretical basis for the practical application of mycorrhizal fungi to improve plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxin Dong
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Yihan Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.D.); (Y.W.)
| | - Ming Tang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (F.D.); (Y.W.)
- State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-1370-922-9152
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Shen X, Wang B, Yang N, Zhang L, Shen D, Wu H, Dong Y, Niu B, Chou SH, Puopolo G, Fan J, Qian G. Lysobacter enzymogenes antagonizes soilborne bacteria using the type IV secretion system. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:4673-4688. [PMID: 34227200 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Soil microbiome comprises numerous microbial species that continuously interact with each other. Among the modes of diverse interactions, cell-cell killing may play a key role in shaping the microbiome composition. Bacteria deploy various secretion systems to fend off other microorganisms and Type IV Secretion System (T4SS) in pathogenic bacteria was shown to function as a contact-dependent, inter-bacterial killing system only recently. The present study investigated the role played by T4SS in the killing behaviour of the soilborne biocontrol bacterium Lysobacter enzymogenes OH11. Results showed that L. enzymogenes OH11 genome encompasses genes encoding all the components of T4SS and effectors potentially involved in inter-bacterial killing system. Generation of knock-out mutants revealed that L. enzymogenes OH11 uses T4SS as the main contact-dependent weapon against other soilborne bacteria. The T4SS-mediated killing behaviour of L. enzymogenes OH11 decreased the antibacterial and antifungal activity of two Pseudomonas spp. but at the same time, protected carrot from infection by Pectobacterium carotovorum. Overall, this study showed for the first time the involvement of T4SS in the killing behaviour of L. enzymogenes and its impact on the multiple interactions occurring in the soil microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Shen
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Bingxin Wang
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Nianda Yang
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Danyu Shen
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Huijun Wu
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ying Dong
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Ben Niu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Shan-Ho Chou
- Institute of Biochemistry, and NCHU Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Gerardo Puopolo
- Department of Sustainable Agro-ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Italy.,Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Via E. Mach 1, San Michele all'Adige, 38098, Italy
| | - Jiaqin Fan
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Guoliang Qian
- College of Plant Protection (Laboratory of Plant Immunity; Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests), Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Han G, Mannaa M, Kim N, Jeon HW, Jung H, Lee HH, Kim J, Park J, Park AR, Kim JC, Seo YS. Response of Pine Rhizosphere Microbiota to Foliar Treatment with Resistance-Inducing Bacteria against Pine Wilt Disease. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040688. [PMID: 33810444 PMCID: PMC8065550 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two bacterial strains, IRP7 and IRP8, were selected to induce resistance against pine wilt disease (PWD). Foliar application with these strains to nematode-inoculated pine seedlings significantly reduced PWD severity. The effect of nematode inoculation and bacterial treatment on the rhizosphere bacterial community was investigated. The results indicated that the rhizosphere of nematode-inoculated seedlings contained a lower relative abundance of beneficial microbes such as Paraburkholderia, Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobacter, Lysobacter, and Caballeronia. Bacterial treatment resulted in significant changes in the microbes that were represented in relatively low relative abundance. Treatment with IRP7 resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of Nitrospirillum, Bacillus, and Luteibacter, which might be useful for protection against infection. Treatment with IRP8 resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of obligate bacterial predators of the Bdellovibrio genus that were previously shown to control several bacterial phytopathogens and may have a role in the management of nematode-carried bacteria. The selected bacteria were identified as Pseudomonas koreensis IRP7 and Lysobacter enzymogenes IRP8 and are suggested as a potential treatment for induced resistance against PWD. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of foliar treatment with resistance-inducing bacteria on the rhizosphere microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Han
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Mohamed Mannaa
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
- Department of Plant Pathology, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Namgyu Kim
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Hee Won Jeon
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.W.J.); (A.R.P.)
| | - Hyejung Jung
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Hyun-Hee Lee
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Junheon Kim
- Forest Insect Pests and Diseases Division, National Institute of Forest Science, Seoul 02455, Korea;
| | - Jungwook Park
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
- Environmental Microbiology Research Team, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources (NNIBR), Sangju 37242, Korea
| | - Ae Ran Park
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.W.J.); (A.R.P.)
| | - Jin-Cheol Kim
- Division of Applied Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea; (H.W.J.); (A.R.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.-C.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea; (G.H.); (M.M.); (N.K.); (H.J.); (H.-H.L.); (J.P.)
- Correspondence: (J.-C.K.); (Y.-S.S.)
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Lu CC, Guo N, Yang C, Sun HB, Cai BY. Transcriptome and metabolite profiling reveals the effects of Funneliformis mosseae on the roots of continuously cropped soybeans. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:479. [PMID: 33087042 PMCID: PMC7579952 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02647-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are the most widely distributed mycorrhizal fungi, which can form mycorrhizal symbionts with plant roots and enhance plant stress resistance by regulating host metabolic activities. In this paper, the RNA sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) technologies were used to study the transcriptome and metabolite profiles of the roots of continuously cropped soybeans that were infected with F. mosseae and F. oxysporum. The objective was to explore the effects of F. mosseae treatment on soybean root rot infected with F. oxysporum. RESULTS According to the transcriptome profiles, 24,285 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and the expression of genes encoding phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), trans-cinnamate monooxygenase (CYP73A), cinnamyl-CoA reductase (CCR), chalcone isomerase (CHI) and coffee-coenzyme o-methyltransferase were upregulated after being infected with F. oxysporum; these changes were key to the induction of the soybean's defence response. The metabolite results showed that daidzein and 7,4-dihydroxy, 6-methoxy isoflavone (glycine), which are involved in the isoflavone metabolic pathway, were upregulated after the roots were inoculated with F. mosseae. In addition, a substantial alteration in the abundance of amino acids, phenolic and terpene metabolites all led to the synthesis of defence compounds. An integrated analysis of the metabolic and transcriptomic data revealed that substantial alterations in the abundance of most of the intermediate metabolites and enzymes changed substantially under pathogen infection. These changes included the isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathway, which suggests that isoflavonoid biosynthesis plays an important role in the soybean root response. CONCLUSION The results showed that F. mosseae could alleviate the root rot caused by continuous cropping. The increased activity of some disease-resistant genes and disease-resistant metabolites may partly account for the ability of the plants to resist diseases. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism by which AMF alleviates soybean root rot, which is important in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Cheng Lu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Food and Environment Engineering, Heilongjiang East University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Yang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Bing Sun
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Yan Cai
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, College of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Food and Environment Engineering, Heilongjiang East University, Harbin, 150086, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Zhao J, Liu D, Wang Y, Zhu X, Xuan Y, Liu X, Fan H, Chen L, Duan Y. Biocontrol potential of Microbacterium maritypicum Sneb159 against Heterodera glycines. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:3381-3391. [PMID: 31282045 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (Ichinohe) is the most devastating pathogen affecting soybean production worldwide. Biocontrol agents have become eco-friendly candidates to control pathogens. The aim of this study was to discover novel biocontrol agents against H. glycines. RESULTS Microbacterium maritypicum Sneb159, screened from 804 strains, effectively reduced the number of females in field experiments conducted in 2014 and 2015. The stability and efficiency of H. glycines control by Sneb159 was further assessed in growth chamber and field experiments. Sneb159 decreased H. glycines population densities, especially the number of females by 43.9%-67.7%. To confirm Sneb159 induced plant resistance, a split-root assay was conducted. Sneb159 induced local and systemic resistance to suppress the penetration and development of H. glycines, and enhanced the gene expression of PR2, PR3b, and JAZ1, involved in the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid pathways. CONCLUSION This is the first report of M. maritypicum Sneb159 suppressing H. glycines infection. This effect may be the result of Sneb159-induced resistance. Our study indicates that M. maritypicum Sneb159 is a promising biocontrol agent against H. glycines. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuanhu Xuan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Sciences, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiyan Fan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijie Chen
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuxi Duan
- Nematology Institute of Northern China, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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12
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Luo Y, Dong H, Zhou M, Huang Y, Zhang H, He W, Sheng H, An L. Lysobacter psychrotolerans sp. nov., isolated from soil in the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:926-931. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel aerobic bacterial strain, designated ZS60T, with long, rod-shaped, Gram-staining-negative, aerobic cells was isolated from the soil in the Tianshan Mountains, Xinjiang, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain ZS60T was affiliated with the genus
Lysobacter
, and was most closely related to
Lysobacter daejeonensis
GH1-9T (96.9 %),
Lysobacter caeni
BUT-8T (96.8 %) and
Lysobacter ruishenii
CTN-1T (96.7 %). The average nucleotide identity values between strain ZS60T,
L. daejeonensis
GH1-9T and
L. ruishenii
CTN-1T were 78.14 and 78.39 %, respectively. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain ZS60T,
L. daejeonensis
GH1-9T and
L. caeni
BUT-8T were 44.8 and 39.1 %, respectively. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain ZS60T was 67.7 mol% (draft genome sequence), and Q-8 was the predominant ubiquinone. The major cellular fatty acids of strain ZS60T were iso-C15 : 0 (23.4 %), iso-C17 : 0 (17.2 %) and iso-C17 : 1
ω9c (12.6 %). On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and biochemical data, strain ZS60T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus
Lysobacter
, for which the name
Lysobacter
psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZS60T (=CGMCC 1.15509T=NBRC 112614T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Dong
- Xinjiang Production & Construction Crops Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, College of Plant Sciences, Tarim University, Alare Xinjiang 843300, PR China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Yaolong Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Wenliang He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Hongmei Sheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, PR China
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China
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13
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Isolation and Characterization of Antagonistic Bacteria Paenibacillus jamilae HS-26 and Their Effects on Plant Growth. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:3638926. [PMID: 31032343 PMCID: PMC6457365 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3638926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Soilborne pathogens affect plant growth and food production worldwide. The application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides to control plant diseases has harmful effects; fortunately, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria can be used as a potential alternative strategy. Here, Paenibacillus jamilae HS-26 was selected for its highly antagonistic activity against several soilborne pathogens. The bacterium synthesized hydrolytic enzymes and released extracellular antifungal metabolites and volatile organic compounds—primarily, N, N-diethyl-1, 4-phenylenediamine, which was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and shown to inhibit fungal mycelial growth. Furthermore, HS-26 was useful for nitrogen fixation, phosphate and potassium solubilization, and siderophore and indoleacetic acid production. In vitro tests and pot experiments revealed that HS-26 considerably increased plant biometric parameters. Illumina MiSeq sequencing data showed a significant reduction in soilborne pathogens and increase in beneficial bacteria in the wheat rhizosphere after treatment with strain HS-26.
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14
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Qi X, Liu B, Wu H, Song Q, Jiang J, Bu Y, Rui J, Zou B, Zhou G. Bacterial communities under long-term conventional and transgenic cotton farming systems using V3-V5 and V5-V9 of 16s rDNA. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 164:618-628. [PMID: 30165339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the community structure of soil microbes is required to evaluate the potential effects of genetically modified (GM) plants on ecological environments. Bacterial communities in soil planted with conventional cotton (CC) and transgenic cultivar (TC) in a natural ecosystem for three years were characterized by 454 pyrosequencing of the V3-V5 and V5-V9 regions of 16S rDNA from June to September 2013. V3-V5 and V5-V9 regions yielded a total of 12,848 and 10,541 OTUs, respectively. The V5-V9 amplicon was additionally used to detect phyla that were poorly sequenced by V3-V5 (such as Chlamydiae, Crenarchaeota and Archaea). Among the species detected by each primer pair, 46% of the species identified from V3-V5 and 60% of those identified from V5-V9 were detected by both primer pairs. Although distinct bacterial compositions existed between the two amplified regions, statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in the diversity indexes or phylogenetic patterns in TC versus compared to those in the CC control. Further, clustering analysis in both regions indicated that there was no unambiguous aggregation in TC compared to that in CC control. Of all 26 phyla detected by both regions, each region detected 2 distinct phyla exhibiting significant variations in abundance. The species unique to each treatment field accounted for less than 27% of all species and were rare taxa (abundance < 0.15%). However, a small fraction of diagnostic taxa with specific ecological functions differed significantly between TC and CC. These differences were not driven by any obvious environmental factors. The results established a comprehensive inventory of the bacterial communities associated with GM plants and indicated that transgenic cotton may not significantly affect soil microorganisms compared with conventional cotton over a three-year period. Furthermore, diagnostic taxa were provided for monitoring the perturbation in soil, but further verification in future studies is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiemin Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Biao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biosafety, Ministry of Environmental Protection of China, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Haiping Wu
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Qinxin Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China; Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Jiangsu key lab of drug screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingwei Jiang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Jiangsu key lab of drug screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Bu
- Huadong Research Institute for Medicine and Biotechnics, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jianzhong Rui
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Bingjie Zou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
| | - Guohua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China.
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15
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Puopolo G, Tomada S, Pertot I. The impact of the omics era on the knowledge and use of Lysobacter species to control phytopathogenic micro-organisms. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 124:15-27. [PMID: 28992371 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 10/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Omics technologies have had a tremendous impact on underinvestigated genera of plant disease biocontrol agents such as Lysobacter. Strong evidence of the association between Lysobacter spp. and the rhizosphere has been obtained through culture-independent methods, which has also contributed towards highlighting the relationship between Lysobacter abundance and soil suppressiveness. It is conceivable that the role played by Lysobacter spp. in soil suppressiveness is related to their ability to produce an impressive array of lytic enzymes and antibiotics. Indeed, genomics has revealed that biocontrol Lysobacter strains share a vast number of genes involved in antagonism activities, and the molecular pathways underlying how Lysobacter spp. interact with the environment and other micro-organisms have been depicted through transcriptomic analysis. Furthermore, omics technologies shed light on the regulatory pathways governing cell motility and the biosynthesis of antibiotics. Overall, the results achieved so far through omics technologies confirm that the genus Lysobacter is a valuable source of novel biocontrol agents, paving the way for studies aimed at making their application in field conditions more reliable.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Puopolo
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - S Tomada
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, PhD School in Agricultural Science and Biotechnology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - I Pertot
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach (FEM), San Michele all'Adige, Italy.,Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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16
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Gómez Expósito R, Postma J, Raaijmakers JM, De Bruijn I. Diversity and Activity of Lysobacter Species from Disease Suppressive Soils. Front Microbiol 2015; 6:1243. [PMID: 26635735 PMCID: PMC4644931 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Lysobacter includes several species that produce a range of extracellular enzymes and other metabolites with activity against bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and nematodes. Lysobacter species were found to be more abundant in soil suppressive against the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, but their actual role in disease suppression is still unclear. Here, the antifungal and plant growth-promoting activities of 18 Lysobacter strains, including 11 strains from Rhizoctonia-suppressive soils, were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, the Lysobacter strains from the Rhizoctonia-suppressive soil belonged to the four species Lysobacter antibioticus, Lysobacter capsici, Lysobacter enzymogenes, and Lysobacter gummosus. Most strains showed strong in vitro activity against R. solani and several other pathogens, including Pythium ultimum, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Xanthomonas campestris. When the Lysobacter strains were introduced into soil, however, no significant and consistent suppression of R. solani damping-off disease of sugar beet and cauliflower was observed. Subsequent bioassays further revealed that none of the Lysobacter strains was able to promote growth of sugar beet, cauliflower, onion, and Arabidopsis thaliana, either directly or via volatile compounds. The lack of in vivo activity is most likely attributed to poor colonization of the rhizosphere by the introduced Lysobacter strains. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that Lysobacter species have strong antagonistic activities against a range of pathogens, making them an important source for putative new enzymes and antimicrobial compounds. However, their potential role in R. solani disease suppressive soil could not be confirmed. In-depth omics'-based analyses will be needed to shed more light on the potential contribution of Lysobacter species to the collective activities of microbial consortia in disease suppressive soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Gómez Expósito
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Wageningen, Netherlands ; Laboratory of Phytopathology, Wageningen University and Research Centre Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Joeke Postma
- Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Centre Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jos M Raaijmakers
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Irene De Bruijn
- Department of Microbial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) Wageningen, Netherlands
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17
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Puopolo G, Giovannini O, Pertot I. Lysobacter capsici AZ78 can be combined with copper to effectively control Plasmopara viticola on grapevine. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:633-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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18
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Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, designated CJ29T, was isolated from ginseng soil of Anseong in South Korea. Cells of strain CJ29T were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile. Strain CJ29T grew optimally at 28–30 °C and pH 7.0. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain CJ29T was shown to belong to the genus
Lysobacter
within the class
Gammaproteobacteria
and was related most closely to
Lysobacter soli
DCY21T (98.5 % similarity) and
Lysobacter niastensis
GH41-7T (98.2 %). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CJ29T and its closest relatives was below 55.6 %. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain CJ29T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.6 mol%. Phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics strongly supported the differentiation of strain CJ29T from related species of the genus
Lysobacter
. On the basis of data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain CJ29T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus
Lysobacter
, for which the name
Lysobacter
panacisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CJ29T ( = KACC 17502T = JCM 19212T).
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19
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Pseudomonas and other Microbes in Disease-Suppressive Soils. SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE REVIEWS 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4113-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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20
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Weinert N, Meincke R, Gottwald C, Heuer H, Schloter M, Berg G, Smalla K. Bacterial diversity on the surface of potato tubers in soil and the influence of the plant genotype. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 74:114-23. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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21
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Hayward A, Fegan N, Fegan M, Stirling G. Stenotrophomonas
and
Lysobacter
: ubiquitous plant‐associated
gamma‐
proteobacteria of developing significance in applied microbiology. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 108:756-770. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04471.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.C. Hayward
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BioSciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
| | - N. Fegan
- Food Science Australia, Werribee, Vic, Australia
| | - M. Fegan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular BioSciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia
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22
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Mode of antagonism of a biocontrol bacterium Lysobacter sp. SB-K88 toward a damping-off pathogen Aphanomyces cochlioides. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-009-0216-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Li S, Jochum CC, Yu F, Zaleta-Rivera K, Du L, Harris SD, Yuen GY. An antibiotic complex from Lysobacter enzymogenes strain C3: antimicrobial activity and role in plant disease control. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2008; 98:695-701. [PMID: 18944294 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-98-6-0695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 is a bacterial biological control agent that exhibits antagonism against multiple fungal pathogens. Its antifungal activity was attributed in part to lytic enzymes. In this study, a heat-stable antifungal factor (HSAF), an antibiotic complex consisting of dihydromaltophilin and structurally related macrocyclic lactams, was found to be responsible for antagonism by C3 against fungi and oomycetes in culture. HSAF in purified form exhibited inhibitory activity against a wide range of fungal and oomycetes species in vitro, inhibiting spore germination, and disrupting hyphal polarity in sensitive fungi. When applied to tall fescue leaves as a partially-purified extract, HSAF at 25 mug/ml and higher inhibited germination of conidia of Bipolaris sorokiniana compared with the control. Although application of HSAF at 12.5 mug/ml did not reduce the incidence of conidial germination, it inhibited appressorium formation and suppressed Bipolaris leaf spot development. Two mutant strains of C3 (K19 and DeltaNRPS) that were disrupted in different domains in the hybrid polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase gene for HSAF biosynthesis and had lost the ability to produce HSAF were compared with the wild-type strain for biological control efficacy against Bipolaris leaf spot on tall fescue and Fusarium head blight, caused by Fusarium graminearum, on wheat. Both mutant strains exhibited decreased capacity to reduce the incidence and severity of Bipolaris leaf spot compared with C3. In contrast, the mutant strains were as efficacious as the wild-type strain in reducing the severity of Fusarium head blight. Thus, HSAF appears to be a mechanism for biological control by strain C3 against some, but not all, plant pathogenic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln 68583, USA
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24
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Sundar AR, Viswanathan R, Malathi P, Padmanaban P. Mechanism of resistance induced by plant activators againstColletotrichum falcatumin sugarcane. ARCHIVES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY AND PLANT PROTECTION 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/03235400500181154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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25
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Kobayashi DY, Yuen GY. The role of clp-regulated factors in antagonism against Magnaporthe poae and biological control of summer patch disease of Kentucky bluegrass by Lysobacter enzymogenes C3. Can J Microbiol 2006; 51:719-23. [PMID: 16234871 DOI: 10.1139/w05-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A global regulator was previously identified in Lysobacter enzymogenes C3, which when mutated, resulted in strains that were greatly reduced in the expression of traits associated with fungal antagonism and devoid of biocontrol activity towards bipolaris leaf-spot of tall fescue and pythium damping-off of sugarbeet. A clp gene homologue belonging to the crp gene family was found to globally regulate enzyme production, antimicrobial activity, and biological control activity expressed by Lysobacter enzymogenes C3 (Kobayashi et al. 2005). Here, we report on the expansion of the biocontrol range of L. enzymogenes C3 to summer patch disease caused by Magnaporthe poae. The clp- mutant strain 5E4 was reduced in its ability to suppress summer patch disease compared with the wild-type strain C3 and was completely devoid of antifungal activity towards M. poae. Furthermore, cell suspensions of 5E4 were incapable of colonizing M. poae mycelium in a manner that was distinct for C3. Strain C3 demonstrated biosurfactant activity in cell suspensions and culture filtrates that was associated with absorption into the mycelium during the colonization process, whereas 5E4 did not. These results describe a novel interaction between bacteria and fungi that intimates a pathogenic relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald Y Kobayashi
- Department of Plant Biology and Pathology, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick 08550-8520, USA.
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26
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Islam MT, Hashidoko Y, Deora A, Ito T, Tahara S. Suppression of damping-off disease in host plants by the rhizoplane bacterium Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 is linked to plant colonization and antibiosis against soilborne Peronosporomycetes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2005; 71:3786-96. [PMID: 16000790 PMCID: PMC1169021 DOI: 10.1128/aem.71.7.3786-3796.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that xanthobaccin A from the rhizoplane bacterium Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 suppresses damping-off disease caused by Pythium sp. in sugar beet. In this study we focused on modes of Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 root colonization and antibiosis of the bacterium against Aphanomyces cochlioides, a pathogen of damping-off disease. Scanning electron microscopic analysis of 2-week-old sugar beet seedlings from seeds previously inoculated with SB-K88 revealed dense colonization on the root surfaces and a characteristic perpendicular pattern of Lysobacter colonization possibly generated via development of polar, brush-like fimbriae. In colonized regions a semitransparent film apparently enveloping the root and microcolonies were observed on the root surface. This Lysobacter strain also efficiently colonized the roots of several plants, including spinach, tomato, Arabidopsis thaliana, and Amaranthus gangeticus. Plants grown from both sugar beet and spinach seeds that were previously treated with Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 displayed significant resistance to the damping-off disease triggered by A. cochlioides. Interestingly, zoospores of A. cochlioides became immotile within 1 min after exposure to a SB-K88 cell suspension, a cell-free supernatant of SB-K88, or pure xanthobaccin A (MIC, 0.01 microg/ml). In all cases, lysis followed within 30 min in the presence of the inhibiting factor(s). Our data indicate that Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 has a direct inhibitory effect on A. cochlioides, suppressing damping-off disease. Furthermore, this inhibitory effect of Lysobacter sp. strain SB-K88 is likely due to a combination of antibiosis and characteristic biofilm formation at the rhizoplane of the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Tofazzal Islam
- Laboratory of Ecological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
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Palumbo JD, Yuen GY, Jochum CC, Tatum K, Kobayashi DY. Mutagenesis of beta-1,3-Glucanase Genes in Lysobacter enzymogenes Strain C3 Results in Reduced Biological Control Activity Toward Bipolaris Leaf Spot of Tall Fescue and Pythium Damping-Off of Sugar Beet. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2005; 95:701-707. [PMID: 18943787 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-95-0701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Lysobacter enzymogenes produces extracellular lytic enzymes capable of degrading the cell walls of fungi and oomycetes. Many of these enzymes, including beta-1,3-glucanases, are thought to contribute to the biological control activity expressed by several strains of the species. L. enzymogenes strain C3 produces multiple extracellular beta-1,3-glucanases encoded by the gluA, gluB, and gluC genes. Analysis of the genes indicates they are homologous to previously characterized genes in the related strain N4-7, each sharing >95% amino acid sequence identity to their respective counterparts. The gluA and gluC gene products encode enzymes belonging to family 16 glycosyl hydrolases, whereas gluB encodes an enzyme belonging to family 64. Mutational analysis indicated that the three genes accounted for the total beta-1,3-glucanase activity detected in culture. Strain G123, mutated in all three glucanase genes, was reduced in its ability to grow in a minimal medium containing laminarin as a sole carbon source. Although strain G123 was not affected in antimicrobial activity toward Bipolaris sorokiniana or Pythium ultimum var. ultimum using in vitro assays, it was significantly reduced in biological control activity against Bipolaris leaf spot of tall fescue and Pythium damping-off of sugar beet. These results provide direct supportive evidence for the role of beta-1,3-glucanases in biocontrol activity of L. enzymogenes strain C3.
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Grosch R, Faltin F, Lottmann J, Kofoet A, Berg G. Effectiveness of 3 antagonistic bacterial isolates to control Rhizoctonia solani Kühn on lettuce and potato. Can J Microbiol 2005; 51:345-53. [PMID: 15980897 DOI: 10.1139/w05-002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rhizoctonia solani causes yield losses in numerous economically important European crops. To develop a biocontrol strategy, 3 potato-associated ecto- and endophytically living bacterial strains Pseudomonas fluorescens B1, Pseudomonas fluorescens B2, and Serratia plymuthica B4 were evaluated against R. solani in potato and in lettuce. The disease-suppression effect of the 3 biocontrol agents (BCAs) was tested in a growth chamber and in the field. In growth chamber experiments, all 3 BCAs completely or significantly limited the dry mass (DM) losses on lettuce and the disease severity (DS) caused by R. solani on potato sprouts. Strain B1 showed the highest suppression effect (52% on average) on potato. Under field conditions, the DS on both crops, which were bacterized, decreased significantly, and the biomass losses on lettuce decreased significantly as well. The greatest disease-suppression effect on potato was achieved by strain B1 (37%), followed by B2 (33%) and then B4 (31%), whereas the marketable tuber yield increased up to 12% (B1), 6% (B2), and 17% (B4) compared with the pathogen control at higher disease pressure. Furthermore, in all experiments, B1 proved to be the most effective BCA against R. solani. Therefore, this BCA could be a candidate for developing a commercial product against Rhizoctonia diseases. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the high potential of endophytes to be used as a biological control agent against R. solani under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Grosch
- Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, D-14979 Grossbeeren, Germany.
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Faltin F, Lottmann J, Grosch R, Berg G. Strategy to select and assess antagonistic bacteria for biological control of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. Can J Microbiol 2004; 50:811-20. [PMID: 15644895 DOI: 10.1139/w04-063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A screening strategy was developed to assess the potential of plant-associated bacteria to control diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn. About 434 already characterized antagonistic bacterial strains isolated from diverse plant species and microenvironments were evaluated for biocontrol and plant growth promotion by a hierarchical combination of assays. Analyzing in vitro antagonism towards different Rhizoctonia isolates resulted in a selection of 20 potential biocontrol agents. The strains were characterized by their antagonistic mechanisms in vitro as well as their production of the plant growth hormone indole-3-acetic acid. The plant growth promoting effect by antagonistic bacteria was determined using a microtiter plate assay on the basis of lettuce seedlings. Lettuce and sugar beet as host plant were included in the biocontrol experiments in which the antagonistic effect of 17 bacterial isolates could be confirmed in vivo. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA gene and (or) fatty acid methyl ester gas chromatography was used to identify the antagonistic isolates. Molecular fingerprints of isolates obtained by BOX-polymerase chain reaction were compared to avoid further investigation with genetically very similar strains and to obtain unique molecular fingerprints for quality control and patent licensing. According to our strategy, an assessment scheme was developed and four interesting biological control agents, Pseudomonas reactans B3, Pseudomonas fluorescens B1, Serratia plymuthica B4, and Serratia odorifera B6, were found. While S. plymuthica B4 was the best candidate to biologically control Rhizoctonia in lettuce, P. reactans B3 was the best candidate to suppress the pathogen in sugar beet.
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MESH Headings
- Antibiosis
- Bacteria/classification
- Bacteria/genetics
- Bacteria/isolation & purification
- Bacteria/metabolism
- Beta vulgaris/growth & development
- Beta vulgaris/microbiology
- DNA Fingerprinting
- DNA, Bacterial/chemistry
- DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification
- DNA, Ribosomal/chemistry
- DNA, Ribosomal/isolation & purification
- Fatty Acids/analysis
- Genes, rRNA
- Indoleacetic Acids/metabolism
- Lactuca/growth & development
- Lactuca/microbiology
- Pest Control, Biological/methods
- Phylogeny
- Plant Development
- Plant Diseases/microbiology
- Plants/microbiology
- Pseudomonas/classification
- Pseudomonas/genetics
- Pseudomonas/growth & development
- Pseudomonas/isolation & purification
- Pseudomonas/metabolism
- RNA, Bacterial
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Rhizoctonia/drug effects
- Rhizoctonia/growth & development
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Serratia/classification
- Serratia/genetics
- Serratia/growth & development
- Serratia/isolation & purification
- Serratia/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Faltin
- Microbiology, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 3, D-18051 Rostock, Germany
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