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Wang H, Iida-Norita R, Mashiko D, Pham AH, Miyata H, Ikawa M. Golgi associated RAB2 interactor protein family contributes to murine male fertility to various extents by assuring correct morphogenesis of sperm heads. PLoS Genet 2024; 20:e1011337. [PMID: 38935810 PMCID: PMC11236154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1011337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sperm heads contain not only the nucleus but also the acrosome which is a distinctive cap-like structure located anterior to the nucleus and is derived from the Golgi apparatus. The Golgi Associated RAB2 Interactors (GARINs; also known as FAM71) protein family shows predominant expression in the testis and all possess a RAB2-binding domain which confers binding affinity to RAB2, a small GTPase that is responsible for membrane transport and vesicle trafficking. Our previous study showed that GARIN1A and GARIN1B are important for acrosome biogenesis and that GARIN1B is indispensable for male fertility in mice. Here, we generated KO mice of other Garins, namely Garin2, Garin3, Garin4, Garin5a, and Garin5b (Garin2-5b). Using computer-assisted morphological analysis, we found that the loss of each Garin2-5b resulted in aberrant sperm head morphogenesis. While the fertilities of Garin2-/- and Garin4-/- males are normal, Garin5a-/- and Garin5b-/- males are subfertile, and Garin3-/- males are infertile. Further analysis revealed that Garin3-/- males exhibited abnormal acrosomal morphology, but not as severely as Garin1b-/- males; instead, the amounts of membrane proteins, particularly ADAM family proteins, decreased in Garin3 KO spermatozoa. Moreover, only Garin4 KO mice exhibit vacuoles in the sperm head. These results indicate that GARINs assure correct head morphogenesis and some members of the GARIN family function distinctively in male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoting Wang
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Rie Iida-Norita
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Mashiko
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Anh Hoang Pham
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Li Y, Chen Y, Wu W, Li N, Hua J. MMPs, ADAMs and ADAMTSs are associated with mammalian sperm fate. Theriogenology 2023; 200:147-154. [PMID: 36842259 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Metalloproteinases include matrix metalloproteinases and disintegrin metalloproteinases. They are important members of the ECM degradation and reconstruction process and are associated with tissue development and disease. The ECM is a three-dimensional network of large molecules consisting of a variety of proteins. It is a physical scaffold for organs, and all types of cells can be found within the ECM. The testicle, where sperm are produced, is an organ that is constantly in dynamic flux. Metalloproteinases can regulate testicular tissue development and the maturation of sperm by affecting the ECM. Metalloproteinase disorders can lead to cryptorchidism, azoospermia, poor semen quality and other diseases. As a member of the metalloproteinase family, ADAMTS plays an important role in testicular slippage to the scrotum. ADAM is involved in the fertilization process, and excessive MMP can damage the BTB. In the testis, metalloproteinase stability represents the stability of the extracellular microenvironment in which germ cells are located and is associated with reproductive function. Metalloproteinases have a definite relationship with male reproduction, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. This paper summarizes the literature on various metalloproteinases in testicular tissue physiology and pathology to elucidate their role in reproductive function and male reproductive mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuguang Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenping Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jinlian Hua
- College of Veterinary Medicine/Shaanxi Centre of Stem Cells Engineering & Technology, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
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Joung JY, Lim W, Seo YJ, Ham J, Oh NS, Kim SH. A Synbiotic Combination of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 and Cudrania tricuspidata Leaf Extract Prevents Stress-Induced Testicular Dysfunction in Mice. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:835033. [PMID: 35518925 PMCID: PMC9066698 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.835033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a synbiotic combination (Syn) of Lactobacillus gasseri 505 (505) and Cudrania tricuspidata leaf extract (CT) on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in mice under chronic stress. Unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) significantly increased the serum levels of corticosterone, however, treatment with Syn suppressed UCMS-induced increases. Histopathological analysis of the testes showed that these organs experienced some damage during UCMS, but this was repaired following treatment with Syn. Similarly, the transcription levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), GnRH receptor, and gonadotropins, moreover, testicular development (i.e., Adam5, Adam29, and Spam1) - and steroidogenesis (i.e., Lhr, Egfr, and StAR) -related genes were significantly downregulated by UCMS. These UCMS-induced changes were inhibited by the administration of Syn, which was confirmed by the results of in situ hybridization analysis. These results suggest that the administration of Syn could attenuate the testicular dysfunctions induced by UCMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yeon Joung
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yeon Jeong Seo
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyeon Ham
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nam Su Oh
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Nam Su Oh, ; Sae Hun Kim,
| | - Sae Hun Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Nam Su Oh, ; Sae Hun Kim,
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Kiyozumi D, Ikawa M. Proteolysis in Reproduction: Lessons From Gene-Modified Organism Studies. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:876370. [PMID: 35600599 PMCID: PMC9114714 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.876370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological roles of proteolysis are not limited to degrading unnecessary proteins. Proteolysis plays pivotal roles in various biological processes through cleaving peptide bonds to activate and inactivate proteins including enzymes, transcription factors, and receptors. As a wide range of cellular processes is regulated by proteolysis, abnormalities or dysregulation of such proteolytic processes therefore often cause diseases. Recent genetic studies have clarified the inclusion of proteases and protease inhibitors in various reproductive processes such as development of gonads, generation and activation of gametes, and physical interaction between gametes in various species including yeast, animals, and plants. Such studies not only clarify proteolysis-related factors but the biological processes regulated by proteolysis for successful reproduction. Here the physiological roles of proteases and proteolysis in reproduction will be reviewed based on findings using gene-modified organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiji Kiyozumi
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
- The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
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Chen Y, Liu C, Shang Y, Wang L, Li W, Li G. Adam21 is dispensable for reproductive processes in mice. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12210. [PMID: 34631320 PMCID: PMC8465997 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a group of membrane-anchored proteins, the proteins containing a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain (ADAMs) control many biological processes, especially for male fertility. Mouse Adam21 was previously found to be specifically expressed in the somatic cells and germ cells of testes, but its functional role during spermatogenesis and male reproductive processes is still unknown. METHODS Adam21-null mice were created using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Quantitative real-time PCR was used for analyzing of gene expression. Histological, cytological and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the phenotypes of mouse testis and epididymis. Intracellular lipid droplets (LDs) were detected by Oil red O (ORO) staining and BODIPY staining. Fertility and sperm characteristics were also detected. RESULTS Here, we successfully generated an Adam21 conventional knockout mouse model via CRISPR/Cas9 technology so that we can explore its potential role in male reproduction. We found that male mice lacking Adam21 have normal fertility without any detectable defects in spermatogenesis or sperm motility. Histological analysis of the seminiferous epithelium showed no obvious spermatogenesis difference between Adam21-null and wild-type mice. Cytological analysis revealed no detectable defects in meiotic progression, neither Sertoli cells nor Leydig cells displayed any defect compared with that of the control mice. All these results suggest that Adam21 might not be essential for male fertility in mice, and its potential function still needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinghong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Shang
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Innovation Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Fertility Preservation Lab, Reproductive Medicine Center, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoping Li
- The MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
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Xiong W, Shen C, Li C, Zhang X, Ge H, Tang L, Shen Y, Lu S, Zhang H, Han M, Zhang A, Wang J, Wu Y, Fei J, Wang Z. Dissecting the PRSS37 interactome and potential mechanisms leading to ADAM3 loss in PRSS37-null sperm. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:268338. [PMID: 34028541 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 3 (ADAM3) is a sperm membrane protein critical for sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct and sperm-egg binding in mice. Disruption of PRSS37 results in male infertility concurrent with the absence of mature ADAM3 from cauda epididymal sperm. However, how PRSS37 modulates ADAM3 maturation remains largely unclear. Here, we determine the PRSS37 interactome by GFP immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectrometry in PRSS37-EGFP knock-in mice. Three molecular chaperones (CLGN, CALR3 and PDILT) and three ADAM proteins (ADAM2, ADAM6B and ADAM4) were identified to be interacting with PRSS37. Coincidently, five of them (except ADAM4) have been reported to interact with ADAM3 precursor and regulate its maturation. We further demonstrated that PRSS37 also interacts directly with ADAM3 precursor and its deficiency impedes the association between PDILT and ADAM3. This could contribute to improper translocation of ADAM3 to the germ cell surface, leading to ADAM3 loss in PRSS37-null mature sperm. The understanding of the maturation mechanisms of pivotal sperm plasma membrane proteins will pave the way toward novel strategies for contraception and the treatment of unexplained male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chunling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Chaojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Haoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lingyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shunyuan Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Mi Han
- Reproductive Medical Center, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Aijun Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jinjin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Youbing Wu
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jian Fei
- Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental Medicine, Rui-Jin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China.,Shanghai Engineering and Technology Research Center for Model Animals, Shanghai Model Organisms Center, Inc., Shanghai 201318, China
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Al-Shabebi A, Althnaian T, Alkhodair K. Localization and expression of ADAM2 in the dromedary camel testis, epididymis and sperm during rutting season. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20200241. [PMID: 33936295 PMCID: PMC8078865 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2020-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAM2 (fertilin β) is a sperm surface protein reported in several mammalian species. However, the presence of ADAM2 in the male reproductive system and sperm of the camel is not well known. The present study was to clarify the localization and expression of ADAM2 in the dromedary camel testis, epididymis and spermatozoa during rutting season using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Tissue samples were obtained from the testis (proximal and distal) and epididymis (caput, corpus, and cauda) from eight mature male camels. Epididymal and ejaculated sperms were collected from four other fertile camels. IHC analysis clearly showed the localization of ADAM2 protein in the spermatocytes and the round and elongated spermatids of the testis, in the epithelial cells along the epididymis tract, on the posterior head of the sperm within the cauda epididymis, and on the acrosomal cap of both the epididymal and ejaculated sperm. The expression of camel ADAM2 mRNA was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the testis when compared with the epididymis. These findings may suggest an important role of ADAM2 in the fertility of male dromedary camels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkarem Al-Shabebi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, king Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Thamar University, Dhamar, Yemen
| | - Thnaian Althnaian
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, king Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Alkhodair
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, king Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Ham J, You S, Lim W, Song G. Pyridaben induces mitochondrial dysfunction and leads to latent male reproductive abnormalities. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 171:104731. [PMID: 33357553 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As an organochloride pesticide, pyridaben (PDB) has been used on various plants, including fruiting plants and other crops. Because of emerging concerns regarding exposure to pesticides, the deleterious effects of PDB, including neuronal disease and reproductive abnormalities, have been determined. However, the intracellular mechanisms that contribute to the effects of PDB on the male reproductive system are still unknown. Therefore, we investigated the effects of PDB on the male reproductive organ, focusing on the testes using mouse testicular cells. We demonstrated that PDB suppressed cellular proliferation of mouse Leydig (TM3) and Sertoli (TM4) cells. Additionally, PDB disturbed calcium homeostasis via mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Furthermore, PDB inhibited transcriptional gene expression regarding the cell cycle, as well as steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis, which are the primary functions of TM3 and TM4 cells. Moreover, we verified via western blot analysis that PDB dysregulated the intracellular cell signaling pathways in mitochondrial-associated membranes and the Mapk/Pi3k pathway. Lastly, we confirmed that PDB efficiently suppressed the spheroid formation of TM3 and TM4 cells mimicking an in vivo environment. Collectively, the current results indicate that PDB induces testicular toxicity and male reproductive abnormalities by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress and calcium imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Ham
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkwon You
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Whasun Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea.
| | - Gwonhwa Song
- Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology and Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
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Lee S, Hong SH, Cho C. Normal fertility in male mice lacking ADAM32 with testis-specific expression. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:589-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Carlisle JA, Swanson WJ. Molecular mechanisms and evolution of fertilization proteins. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY PART B-MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2020; 336:652-665. [PMID: 33015976 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sexual reproduction involves a cascade of molecular interactions between the sperm and the egg culminating in cell-cell fusion. Vital steps mediating fertilization include chemoattraction of the sperm to the egg, induction of the sperm acrosome reaction, dissolution of the egg coat, and sperm-egg plasma membrane binding and fusion. Despite decades of research, only a handful of interacting gamete recognition proteins (GRPs) have been identified across taxa mediating each of these steps, most notably in abalone, sea urchins, and mammals. This review outlines and compares notable GRP pairs mediating sperm-egg recognition in these three significant model systems and discusses the molecular basis of species-specific fertilization driven by GRP function. In addition, we explore the evolutionary theory behind the rapid diversification of GRPs between species. In particular, we focus on how the coevolution between interacting sperm and egg proteins may contribute to the formation of boundaries to hybridization. Finally, we discuss how pairing structural information with evolutionary insights can improve our understanding of mechanisms of fertilization and their origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie A Carlisle
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Willie J Swanson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington Medical School, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Zhang H, Li Y, Cui K, Chen X, Shang C, Min W, Jin P, Jiang Z, Shi D, Liu Q, Wang F. Male fertility in Mus musculus requires the activity of TRYX5 in sperm migration into the oviduct. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:6058-6072. [PMID: 32020604 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nowadays, abnormal loss of serine proteases appears very frequently in male patients with unexplained sterility. In fact, many testis-specific serine proteases, the largest family among the four protease families implicated in murine spermatogenesis, are indispensable for reproduction. In the present study, we demonstrate that the previously uncharacterized testis-specific serine protease TRYX5 (1700074P13Rik) is required for male fertility in mice. Tryx5-/- male mice are sterile, yet they have normal spermatogenesis and normal sperm parameters. In vivo fertilization experiments showed that the fertilization rate of Tryx5-/- sperm was almost zero. Sperm counting and analysis of paraffin sections of oviducts revealed that Tryx5-/- sperm were unable to migrate into the oviduct, which is likely the cause of the observed infertility of the Tryx5-/- male mice. Importantly, we also found that there was almost no mature ADAM3 present in Tryx5-/- sperm and almost no ADAM3 precursor in Tryx5-/- elongated spermatids of S13-16 stage, even though testes of Tryx5-/- and wild type mice had the same amount of the total precursor ADAM3. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Tryx5 is essential for male fertility in mice and suggest that TRYX5 functions in the stability or localization of ADAM3 precursor in elongated spermatids S13-16 stage, thereby regulating the ability of sperm to migrate from the uterus into the ampulla of the oviduct, the site of fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yushan Li
- College of Public Health, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Kuiqing Cui
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiu Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, HeZe University, HeZe, Shandong, China
| | - Cuiling Shang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affifiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Wanping Min
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
| | - Peng Jin
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
| | - Zhaodi Jiang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
| | - Deshun Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qingyou Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fengchao Wang
- National Institute of Biological Sciences (NIBS), Beijing, China
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Xiong W, Wang Z, Shen C. An update of the regulatory factors of sperm migration from the uterus into the oviduct by genetically manipulated mice. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:935-955. [PMID: 31131960 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental MedicineShanghai Rui‐Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
- School of Life Sciences and BiochemistryShanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Zhugang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental MedicineShanghai Rui‐Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
| | - Chunling Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Research Center for Experimental MedicineShanghai Rui‐Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China
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Hermo L, Oliveira RL, Smith CE, Au CE, Bergeron JJM. Dark side of the epididymis: tails of sperm maturation. Andrology 2019; 7:566-580. [PMID: 31102346 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hermes body (HB) previously called the cytoplasmic droplet is a focal distension of the flagellar cytoplasm of epididymal spermatozoa consisting mainly of isolated flattened Golgi cisternae. OBJECTIVE To define a functional role for the HB of epididymal spermatozoa. METHODS Isolated fractions of HBs of epididymal spermatozoa were prepared and by quantitative tandem mass spectrometry revealed 1511 proteins. RESULTS The glucose transporter GLUT-3 was the most abundant protein followed by hexokinase 1, which along with the presence of all glycolytic enzymes suggested a role for the HB in glycolysis. Several TMED/p24 Golgi trafficking proteins were abundant with TMED7/p27 and TMED2/p24 defining the identity of the flattened cisternae within the HB as Golgi, along with the known Golgi proteins, GBF1, GOLPH3, Man2α1, and ManIIX. The Golgi trafficking protein TMED7/p27 via small 50-nm vesicles emanating from the Golgi cisternae was proposed to transport GLUT-3 to the plasma membrane for ATP production related to sperm motility. The internal membranes revealed abundant proteins not only of Golgi cisternae, but also of endoplasmic reticulum and endosomes. COPI and COPII coats, clathrin, SNAREs, annexins, atlastins, and GTPases were identified for vesicular trafficking and membrane fusion, in addition to ribosomes, stress proteins for protection, proteasome proteins involved in degradation, and cytoskeletal elements for migration of the HB along the flagellum. The biogenesis of the HB occurring at step 19 spermatids of the testis just prior to their release was uncovered as a key step in germ cell differentiation, where several proteins were expressed, some for the first time. CONCLUSION As epididymal spermatozoa undergo remodeling of their protein makeup through selective degradation of sperm proteins during epididymal transit, then remodeling as a consequence of new protein synthesis is not excluded by our observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hermo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - R L Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C E Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - C E Au
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J J M Bergeron
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Hospital Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
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14
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Jeong J, Lee B, Kim J, Kim J, Hong SH, Kim D, Choi S, Cho BN, Cho C. Expressional and functional analyses of epididymal SPINKs in mice. Gene Expr Patterns 2019; 31:18-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Voronina VA, Harris FM, Schmahl J, Galligan C, Oristian D, Zamfirova R, Gong G, Bai Y, Fury W, Rajamani S, Walls JR, Poueymirou WT, Esau L, Gale NW, Auerbach W, Murphy AJ, Macdonald LE. Deletion of Adam6 in Mus musculus leads to male subfertility and deficits in sperm ascent into the oviduct. Biol Reprod 2018; 100:686-696. [DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Faith M Harris
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | - Caryn Galligan
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Guochun Gong
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Yu Bai
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | - Wen Fury
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Lakeisha Esau
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York, USA
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16
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Serine protease PRSS55 is crucial for male mouse fertility via affecting sperm migration and sperm-egg binding. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:4371-4384. [PMID: 30032357 PMCID: PMC6208766 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2878-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Testis-specific PRSS55 is a highly conserved chymotrypsin-like serine protease among mammalian species. So far, the physiological function of PRSS55 remains unknown. Here, we show that PRSS55 is a GPI-anchored membrane protein, specifically expressed in adult mouse testis and mainly observed in the luminal side of seminiferous tubules and sperm acrosome. Mice deficient for Prss55 develop male infertile with normal reproduction-related parameters observed. Interestingly, in vivo fertilization rate of Prss55−/− males is dramatically decreased, possibly due to incapable migration of Prss55−/− sperm from uterus into oviduct. However, in vitro fertilization rate has no difference between two genotypes although Prss55−/− sperm presents defective recognition/binding to zona-intact or zona-free oocytes. Further study reveals that mature ADAM3 is almost undetectable in Prss55−/− sperm, while precursor ADAM3 remains unchanged in the testis. However, it is shown that ADAM3 has no interaction with PRSS55 by immunoprecipitation with anti-PRSS55 antibody. The expression levels of several proteins known to be related to the observed phenotypes remain comparable between wt and Prss55−/− mice. Moreover, we found that Prss55 deficiency has no effect on PRSS37 or vice versa albeit two mutant males share almost the same phenotypes. Microarray analysis reveals a total of 72 differentially expressed genes in Prss55−/− testis, most of which are associated with cellular membrane and organelle organization, protein transport and complex assembly, and response to stimulus and signaling. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that PRSS55 plays vital roles in regulating male fertility of mice, including in vivo sperm migration and in vitro sperm–egg interaction, possibly by affecting the maturation of ADAM3 in sperm and the expression of multiple genes in testis.
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17
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Júnior GAO, Perez BC, Cole JB, Santana MHA, Silveira J, Mazzoni G, Ventura RV, Júnior MLS, Kadarmideen HN, Garrick DJ, Ferraz JBS. Genomic study and Medical Subject Headings enrichment analysis of early pregnancy rate and antral follicle numbers in Nelore heifers. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:4796-4812. [PMID: 29293733 PMCID: PMC6292327 DOI: 10.2527/jas2017.1752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zebu animals () are known to take longer to reach puberty compared with taurine animals (), limiting the supply of animals for harvest or breeding and impacting profitability. Genomic information can be a helpful tool to better understand complex traits and improve genetic gains. In this study, we performed a genomewide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic variants associated with reproductive traits in Nelore beef cattle. Heifer pregnancy (HP) was recorded for 1,267 genotyped animals distributed in 12 contemporary groups (CG) with an average pregnancy rate of 0.35 (±0.01). Disregarding one of these CG, the number of antral follicles (NF) was also collected for 937 of these animals, with an average of 11.53 (±4.43). The animals were organized in CG: 12 and 11 for HP and NF, respectively. Genes in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the associated variants can be considered in a functional enrichment analysis to identify biological mechanisms involved in fertility. Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were detected using the MESHR package, allowing the extraction of broad meanings from the gene lists provided by the GWAS. The estimated heritability for HP was 0.28 ± 0.07 and for NF was 0.49 ± 0.09, with the genomic correlation being -0.21 ± 0.29. The average LD between adjacent markers was 0.23 ± 0.01, and GWAS identified genomic windows that accounted for >1% of total genetic variance on chromosomes 5, 14, and 18 for HP and on chromosomes 2, 8, 11, 14, 15, 16, and 22 for NF. The MeSH enrichment analyses revealed significant ( < 0.05) terms associated with HP-"Munc18 Proteins," "Fucose," and "Hemoglobins"-and with NF-"Cathepsin B," "Receptors, Neuropeptide," and "Palmitic Acid." This is the first study in Nelore cattle introducing the concept of MeSH analysis. The genomic analyses contributed to a better understanding of the genetic control of the reproductive traits HP and NF and provide new selection strategies to improve beef production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. C. Perez
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - J. B. Cole
- Animal Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350
| | | | - J. Silveira
- Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - G. Mazzoni
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Systems Genomics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R. V. Ventura
- Beef Improvement Opportunities, Guelph, ON N1K1E5, Canada
- Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada
| | | | - H. N. Kadarmideen
- Section of Systems Genomics, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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18
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Carapito C, Duek P, Macron C, Seffals M, Rondel K, Delalande F, Lindskog C, Fréour T, Vandenbrouck Y, Lane L, Pineau C. Validating Missing Proteins in Human Sperm Cells by Targeted Mass-Spectrometry- and Antibody-based Methods. J Proteome Res 2017; 16:4340-4351. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Carapito
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg F-67087, France
| | - Paula Duek
- CALIPHO
Group, SIB-Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, rue Michel-Servet
1, CH-1211 Geneva
4, Switzerland
| | - Charlotte Macron
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg F-67087, France
| | - Marine Seffals
- H2P2
Core facility, UMS BioSit, University of Rennes 1, Rennes F-35040, France
| | - Karine Rondel
- Protim,
Inserm U1085, Irset, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35042, France
| | - François Delalande
- Laboratoire
de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique (LSMBO), IPHC, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178, 25 Rue Becquerel, Strasbourg F-67087, France
| | - Cecilia Lindskog
- Department
of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Thomas Fréour
- Service de
Médecine de la Reproduction, CHU de Nantes, 38 boulevard
Jean Monnet, Nantes F-44093, France
- Inserm UMR1064, Nantes F-44093, France
| | - Yves Vandenbrouck
- CEA, DRF, BIG,
Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, 17, rue des Martyrs, Grenoble F-38054, France
- Inserm U1038, Grenoble F-38054, France
- Grenoble-Alpes University, Grenoble F-38054, France
| | - Lydie Lane
- CALIPHO
Group, SIB-Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, rue Michel-Servet
1, CH-1211 Geneva
4, Switzerland
- Department
of Human Protein Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1, rue Michel-Servet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Charles Pineau
- Protim,
Inserm U1085, Irset, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes F-35042, France
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19
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Silva E, Frost D, Li L, Bovin N, Miller DJ. Lactadherin is a candidate oviduct Lewis X trisaccharide receptor on porcine spermatozoa. Andrology 2017; 5:589-597. [PMID: 28296340 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A recent study has demonstrated that porcine spermatozoa recognize with high affinity carbohydrate structures containing Lewis X motifs. Sperm adhesion to Lewis X is proposed to mediate sperm binding to the oviduct epithelium to form a reservoir. The objective of this study was to identify Lewis X-binding proteins from porcine spermatozoa as candidate receptors for oviduct glycans. To identify low-abundance proteins typically masked by proteins originating from seminal fluid, Lewis X candidate receptors were enriched from cauda epididymal boar spermatozoa. Plasma membrane preparations from cauda epididymal spermatozoa were subjected to RP-HPLC and glycan blotting assays to isolate and detect proteins that bind Lewis X. Following bottom-up LC-MS/MS analysis, among the two bands that bound sulfated Lewis X, ADAM5, which spermatozoa, was confidently identified. ADAM family members have been established as contributors to sperm entry into the oviduct. A second sulfated Lewis X-binding protein identified was the peripheral membrane protein lactadherin (also known as P47, SED1 and MFG-E8 in different species). The interaction between Lewis X and lactadherin was functionally important because competitive inhibition by soluble recombinant lactadherin reduced sperm binding to the oviduct epithelium. Furthermore, far-western blotting demonstrated that purified lactadherin could bind oviduct cells. In summary, these findings reveal that, in addition to the previously reported glycan affinity of accessory gland proteins that adhere to spermatozoa, multiple proteins intrinsic to spermatozoa have affinity for a specific oviduct glycan. Further, in addition to binding to the zona pellucida, lactadherin is now implicated in binding to oviduct glycans to promote formation of the sperm reservoir.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Silva
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - D Frost
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - L Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - N Bovin
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | - D J Miller
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA
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20
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Kim E, Lee I. Network-Based Gene Function Prediction in Mouse and Other Model Vertebrates Using MouseNet Server. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1611:183-198. [PMID: 28451980 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7015-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The mouse, Mus musculus, is a popular model organism for the study of human genes involved in development, immunology, and disease phenotypes. Despite recent revolutions in gene-knockout technologies in mouse, identification of candidate genes for functions of interest can further accelerate the discovery of novel gene functions. The collaborative nature of genetic functions allows for the inference of gene functions based on the principle of guilt-by-association. Genome-scale co-functional networks could therefore provide functional predictions for genes via network analysis. We recently constructed such a network for mouse (MouseNet), which interconnects over 88% of protein-coding genes with 788,080 functional relationships. The companion web server ( www.inetbio.org/mousenet ) enables researchers with no bioinformatics expertise to generate predictions that facilitate discovery of novel gene functions. In this chapter, we present the theoretical framework for MouseNet, as well as step-by-step instructions and technical tips for functional prediction of genes and pathways in mouse and other model vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiru Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.
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21
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Abstract
The members of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family are membrane-anchored multi-domain proteins that play prominent roles in male reproduction. ADAM2, which was one of the first identified ADAMs, is the best studied ADAM in reproduction. In the male germ cells of mice, ADAM2 and other ADAMs form complexes that contribute to sperm-sperm adhesion, sperm-egg interactions, and the migration of sperm in the female reproductive tract. Here, we generated specific antibodies against mouse and human ADAM2, and investigated various features of ADAM2 in mice, monkeys and humans. We found that the cytoplasmic domain of ADAM2 might enable the differential association of this protein with other ADAMs in mice. Western blot analysis with the anti-human ADAM2 antibodies showed that ADAM2 is present in the testis and sperm of monkeys. Monkey ADAM2 was found to associate with chaperone proteins in testis. In humans, we identified ADAM2 as a 100-kDa protein in the testis, but failed to detect it in sperm. This is surprising given the results in mice and monkeys, but it is consistent with the failure of ADAM2 identification in the previous proteomic analyses of human sperm. These findings suggest that the reproductive functions of ADAM2 differ between humans and mice. Our protein analysis showed the presence of potential ADAM2 complexes involving yet-unknown proteins in human testis. Taken together, our results provide new information regarding the characteristics of ADAM2 in mammalian species, including humans.
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22
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Choi H, Jin S, Kwon JT, Kim J, Jeong J, Kim J, Jeon S, Park ZY, Jung KJ, Park K, Cho C. Characterization of Mammalian ADAM2 and Its Absence from Human Sperm. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158321. [PMID: 27341348 PMCID: PMC4920383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family are membrane-anchored multi-domain proteins that play prominent roles in male reproduction. ADAM2, which was one of the first identified ADAMs, is the best studied ADAM in reproduction. In the male germ cells of mice, ADAM2 and other ADAMs form complexes that contribute to sperm-sperm adhesion, sperm-egg interactions, and the migration of sperm in the female reproductive tract. Here, we generated specific antibodies against mouse and human ADAM2, and investigated various features of ADAM2 in mice, monkeys and humans. We found that the cytoplasmic domain of ADAM2 might enable the differential association of this protein with other ADAMs in mice. Western blot analysis with the anti-human ADAM2 antibodies showed that ADAM2 is present in the testis and sperm of monkeys. Monkey ADAM2 was found to associate with chaperone proteins in testis. In humans, we identified ADAM2 as a 100-kDa protein in the testis, but failed to detect it in sperm. This is surprising given the results in mice and monkeys, but it is consistent with the failure of ADAM2 identification in the previous proteomic analyses of human sperm. These findings suggest that the reproductive functions of ADAM2 differ between humans and mice. Our protein analysis showed the presence of potential ADAM2 complexes involving yet-unknown proteins in human testis. Taken together, our results provide new information regarding the characteristics of ADAM2 in mammalian species, including humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sora Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Juri Jeong
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Suyeon Jeon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Zee Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kang-Jin Jung
- The National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kwangsung Park
- Department of Urology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chunghee Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
- * E-mail:
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23
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Au CE, Hermo L, Byrne E, Smirle J, Fazel A, Kearney RE, Smith CE, Vali H, Fernandez-Rodriguez J, Simon PHG, Mandato C, Nilsson T, Bergeron JJM. Compartmentalization of membrane trafficking, glucose transport, glycolysis, actin, tubulin and the proteasome in the cytoplasmic droplet/Hermes body of epididymal sperm. Open Biol 2016; 5:rsob.150080. [PMID: 26311421 PMCID: PMC4554921 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.150080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovered in 1909 by Retzius and described mainly by morphology, the cytoplasmic droplet of sperm (renamed here the Hermes body) is conserved among all mammalian species but largely undefined at the molecular level. Tandem mass spectrometry of the isolated Hermes body from rat epididymal sperm characterized 1511 proteins, 43 of which were localized to the structure in situ by light microscopy and two by quantitative electron microscopy localization. Glucose transporter 3 (GLUT-3) glycolytic enzymes, selected membrane traffic and cytoskeletal proteins were highly abundant and concentrated in the Hermes body. By electron microscope gold antibody labelling, the Golgi trafficking protein TMED7/p27 localized to unstacked flattened cisternae of the Hermes body, as did GLUT-3, the most abundant protein. Its biogenesis was deduced through the mapping of protein expression for all 43 proteins during male germ cell differentiation in the testis. It is at the terminal step 19 of spermiogenesis that the 43 characteristic proteins accumulated in the nascent Hermes body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Au
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Louis Hermo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7
| | - Elliot Byrne
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Jeffrey Smirle
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Ali Fazel
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Robert E Kearney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A1
| | - Charles E Smith
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7
| | - Hojatollah Vali
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7
| | - Julia Fernandez-Rodriguez
- Centre for Cellular Imaging, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, PO Box 435, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Paul H G Simon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - Craig Mandato
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7
| | - Tommy Nilsson
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
| | - John J M Bergeron
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 0C7 Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1 Royal Victoria Hospital, Center for Translational Biology, RI-MUHC, Glen Site, 1001 Decarie Blvd, Bloc E, Room E02.7210, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4A 3J1
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24
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Kim E, Hwang S, Kim H, Shim H, Kang B, Yang S, Shim JH, Shin SY, Marcotte EM, Lee I. MouseNet v2: a database of gene networks for studying the laboratory mouse and eight other model vertebrates. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:D848-54. [PMID: 26527726 PMCID: PMC4702832 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkv1155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory mouse, Mus musculus, is one of the most important animal tools in biomedical research. Functional characterization of the mouse genes, hence, has been a long-standing goal in mammalian and human genetics. Although large-scale knockout phenotyping is under progress by international collaborative efforts, a large portion of mouse genome is still poorly characterized for cellular functions and associations with disease phenotypes. A genome-scale functional network of mouse genes, MouseNet, was previously developed in context of MouseFunc competition, which allowed only limited input data for network inferences. Here, we present an improved mouse co-functional network, MouseNet v2 (available at http://www.inetbio.org/mousenet), which covers 17 714 genes (>88% of coding genome) with 788 080 links, along with a companion web server for network-assisted functional hypothesis generation. The network database has been substantially improved by large expansion of genomics data. For example, MouseNet v2 database contains 183 co-expression networks inferred from 8154 public microarray samples. We demonstrated that MouseNet v2 is predictive for mammalian phenotypes as well as human diseases, which suggests its usefulness in discovery of novel disease genes and dissection of disease pathways. Furthermore, MouseNet v2 database provides functional networks for eight other vertebrate models used in various research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eiru Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sohyun Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongseok Shim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Byunghee Kang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmo Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Ho Shim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Shin
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Holt W, Fazeli A. Sperm selection in the female mammalian reproductive tract. Focus on the oviduct: Hypotheses, mechanisms, and new opportunities. Theriogenology 2016; 85:105-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Evolution of Vertebrate Adam Genes; Duplication of Testicular Adams from Ancient Adam9/9-like Loci. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136281. [PMID: 26308360 PMCID: PMC4550289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the disintegrin metalloproteinase (ADAM) family have important functions in regulating cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions as well as cell signaling. There are two major types of ADAMs: the somatic ADAMs (sADAMs) that have a significant presence in somatic tissues, and the testicular ADAMs (tADAMs) that are expressed predominantly in the testis. Genes encoding tADAMs can be further divided into two groups: group I (intronless) and group II (intron-containing). To date, tAdams have only been reported in placental mammals, and their evolutionary origin and relationship to sAdams remain largely unknown. Using phylogenetic and syntenic tools, we analyzed the Adam genes in various vertebrates ranging from fishes to placental mammals. Our analyses reveal duplication and loss of some sAdams in certain vertebrate species. In particular, there exists an Adam9-like gene in non-mammalian vertebrates but not mammals. We also identified putative group I and group II tAdams in all amniote species that have been examined. These tAdam homologues are more closely related to Adams 9 and 9-like than to other sAdams. In all amniote species examined, group II tAdams lie in close vicinity to Adam9 and hence likely arose from tandem duplication, whereas group I tAdams likely originated through retroposition because of their lack of introns. Clusters of multiple group I tAdams are also common, suggesting tandem duplication after retroposition. Therefore, Adam9/9-like and some of the derived tAdam loci are likely preferred targets for tandem duplication and/or retroposition. Consistent with this hypothesis, we identified a young retroposed gene that duplicated recently from Adam9 in the opossum. As a result of gene duplication, some tAdams were pseudogenized in certain species, whereas others acquired new expression patterns and functions. The rapid duplication of Adam genes has a major contribution to the diversity of ADAMs in various vertebrate species.
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Choi H, Han C, Jin S, Kwon JT, Kim J, Jeong J, Kim J, Ham S, Jeon S, Yoo YJ, Cho C. Reduced Fertility and Altered Epididymal and Sperm Integrity in Mice Lacking ADAM7. Biol Reprod 2015; 93:70. [PMID: 26246218 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.130252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian epididymis is a highly convoluted tubule that connects the testis to the vas deferens. Its proper functions in sperm transport, storage, and maturation are essential for male reproduction. One of the genes predominantly expressed in the epididymis is ADAM7 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 7). Previous studies have shown that ADAM7 synthesized in the epididymis is secreted into the epididymal lumen and is then transferred to sperm membranes, where it forms a chaperone complex that is potentially involved in sperm fertility. In this study, we generated and analyzed mice with a targeted disruption in the Adam7 gene. We found that the fertility of male mice was modestly but significantly reduced by knockout of Adam7. Histological analyses revealed that the cell heights of the epithelium were dramatically decreased in the caput of the epididymis of Adam7-null mice, suggesting a requirement for ADAM7 in maintaining the integrity of the epididymal epithelium. We found that sperm from Adam7-null mice exhibit decreased motility, tail deformation, and altered tyrosine phosphorylation, indicating that the absence of ADAM7 leads to abnormal sperm functions and morphology. Western blot analyses revealed reduced levels of integral membrane protein 2B (ITM2B) and ADAM2 in sperm from Adam7-null mice, suggesting a requirement for ADAM7 in normal expression of sperm membrane proteins involved in sperm functions. Collectively, our study demonstrates for the first time that ADAM7 is required for normal fertility and is important for the maintenance of epididymal integrity and for sperm morphology, motility, and membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heejin Choi
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Cecil Han
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sora Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jun Tae Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Juri Jeong
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sera Ham
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Suyeon Jeon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Yung Joon Yoo
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chunghee Cho
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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Sabetian S, Shamsir MS, Abu Naser M. Functional features and protein network of human sperm-egg interaction. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2014; 60:329-37. [PMID: 25222562 DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2014.955896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of the sperm-egg interaction at the molecular level is one of the unresolved problems in sexual reproduction, and understanding the molecular mechanism is crucial in solving problems in infertility and failed in vitro fertilization (IVF). Many molecular interactions in the form of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) mediate the sperm-egg membrane interaction. Due to the complexity of the problem such as difficulties in analyzing in vivo membrane PPIs, many efforts have failed to comprehensively elucidate the fusion mechanism and the molecular interactions that mediate sperm-egg membrane fusion. The main purpose of this study was to reveal possible protein interactions and associated molecular function during sperm-egg interaction using a protein interaction network approach. Different databases have been used to construct the human sperm-egg interaction network. The constructed network revealed new interactions. These included CD151 and CD9 in human oocyte that interact with CD49 in sperm, and CD49 and ITGA4 in sperm that interact with CD63 and CD81, respectively, in the oocyte. These results showed that the different integrins in sperm may be involved in human sperm-egg interaction. It was also suggested that sperm ADAM2 plays a role as a protein candidate involved in sperm-egg membrane interaction by interacting with CD9 in the oocyte. Interleukin-4 receptor activity, receptor signaling protein tyrosine kinase activity, and manganese ion transmembrane transport activity are the major molecular functions in sperm-egg interaction protein network. The disease association analysis indicated that sperm-egg interaction defects are also reflected in other disease networks such as cardiovascular, hematological, and breast cancer diseases. By analyzing the network, we identified the major molecular functions and disease association genes in sperm-egg interaction protein. Further experimental studies will be required to confirm the significance of these new computationally resolved interactions and the genetic links between sperm-egg interaction abnormalities and the associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Sabetian
- Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia , Johor , Malaysia
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29
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Complete humanization of the mouse immunoglobulin loci enables efficient therapeutic antibody discovery. Nat Biotechnol 2014; 32:356-63. [PMID: 24633243 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
If immunized with an antigen of interest, transgenic mice with large portions of unrearranged human immunoglobulin loci can produce fully human antigen-specific antibodies; several such antibodies are in clinical use. However, technical limitations inherent to conventional transgenic technology and sequence divergence between the human and mouse immunoglobulin constant regions limit the utility of these mice. Here, using repetitive cycles of genome engineering in embryonic stem cells, we have inserted the entire human immunoglobulin variable-gene repertoire (2.7 Mb) into the mouse genome, leaving the mouse constant regions intact. These transgenic mice are viable and fertile, with an immune system resembling that of wild-type mice. Antigen immunization results in production of high-affinity antibodies with long human-like complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3H), broad epitope coverage and strong signatures of somatic hypermutation. These mice provide a robust system for the discovery of therapeutic human monoclonal antibodies; as a surrogate readout of the human antibody response, they may also aid vaccine design efforts.
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Role of posttranslational protein modifications in epididymal sperm maturation and extracellular quality control. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2014; 759:159-80. [PMID: 25030764 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-0817-2_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The epididymal lumen is a complex microenvironment in which spermatozoa acquire motility and fertility. Spermatozoa are synthetically inactive and therefore the maturation process requires their interaction with proteins that are synthesized and secreted in a highly regionalized manner by the epididymal epithelium. In addition to the integration of epididymal secretory proteins, posttranslational modifications of existing sperm proteins are important for sperm maturation and acquisition of fertilizing potential. Phosphorylation, glycosylation, and processing are several of the posttranslational modifications that sperm proteins undergo during epididymal transit resulting in changes in protein function and localization ultimately leading to mature spermatozoa. In addition to these well-characterized modifications, protein aggregation and cross-linking also occur within the epididymal lumen and may represent unique mechanisms for controlling protein function including that for maturation as well as for extracellular quality control.
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31
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Przemyslaw L, Boguslaw HA, Elzbieta S, Malgorzata SM. ADAM and ADAMTS family proteins and their role in the colorectal cancer etiopathogenesis. BMB Rep 2013; 46:139-50. [PMID: 23527857 PMCID: PMC4133867 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2013.46.3.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The ADAM and ADAMTS families, also called adamalysins belong to an important group of extracellular matrix proteins. The ADAMs family belong to both the transmembrane and secreted proteins, while ADAMTS family only contains secreted forms. Adamalysins play an important role in the cell phenotype regulation via their activities in signaling pathways, cell adhesion and migration. The human proteome contains 21 ADAM, and 19 ADAMTS proteins, which are involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, shedding of various substrates such as: adhesion ligands, growth factors, their receptors and diverse cytokines. Recent studies provide evidence that adamalysins play a crucial role in colorectal cancer (CRC) etiopathogenesis. It seems possible that adamalysins might be used as CRC prediction markers or potential pharmaceutical targets. [BMB Reports 2013; 46(3): 139-150]
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Skerget S, Rosenow M, Polpitiya A, Petritis K, Dorus S, Karr TL. The Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) sperm proteome. Mol Cell Proteomics 2013; 12:3052-67. [PMID: 23816990 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m112.026476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry based proteomics has facilitated sperm composition studies in several mammalian species but no studies have been undertaken in non-human primate species. Here we report the analysis of the 1247 proteins that comprise the Rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) sperm proteome (termed the MacSP). Comparative analysis with previously characterized mouse and human sperm proteomes reveals substantial levels of orthology (47% and 40% respectively) and widespread overlap of functional categories based on Gene Ontology analyses. Approximately 10% of macaque sperm genes (113/1247) are significantly under-expressed in the testis as compared with other tissues, which may reflect proteins specifically acquired during epididymal maturation. Phylogenetic and genomic analyses of three MacSP ADAMs (A-Disintegrin and Metalloprotease proteins), ADAM18-, 20- and 21-like, provides empirical support for sperm genes functioning in non-human primate taxa which have been subsequently lost in the lineages leading to humans. The MacSP contains proteasome proteins of the 20S core subunit, the 19S proteasome activator complex and an alternate proteasome activator PA200, raising the possibility that proteasome activity is present in mature sperm. Robust empirical characterization of the Rhesus sperm proteome should greatly expand the possibility for targeted molecular studies of spermatogenesis and fertilization in a commonly used model species for human infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri Skerget
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
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33
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Identification and characterization of promoter and regulatory regions for mouse Adam2 gene expression. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 40:787-96. [PMID: 23065232 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-2116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
ADAM2, a member of the 'a disintegrin and metalloprotease' (ADAM) family, is a key protein in mammalian fertilization that is specifically expressed in testicular germ cells. Here, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of the mouse Adam2 gene. An in silico analysis identified two conserved non-coding sequences located upstream of the mouse and human ADAM2 genes. The upstream region of the mouse Adam2 gene was found to lack typical TATA and CAAT boxes, and to have a high GC content. Our in vitro transient transfection-reporter analysis identified a promoter in this region of the mouse Adam2 gene, along with regulatory regions that inhibit the activity of this promoter in somatic cells. Site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the caudal-type homeobox 1 and CCTC-binding factor motifs are responsible for the inhibitory activities of the repressor regions. Finally, electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed putative transcription factor-promoter DNA complexes, and DNA-affinity chromatography and proteomic analyses identified myelin gene regulatory factor as a binding partner of the Adam2 promoter. This provides the first identification and characterization of promoter and repressor regions that regulate the transcription of the mouse Adam2 gene, and offers insights into the regulation of this germ-cell-specific gene.
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34
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Cho C. Testicular and epididymal ADAMs: expression and function during fertilization. Nat Rev Urol 2012; 9:550-60. [DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2012.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Phylogenetic and molecular evolution of the ADAM (A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease) gene family from Xenopus tropicalis, to Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens. Gene 2012; 507:36-43. [PMID: 22841792 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) genes have been identified in various tissues and species, and recently associated with several important human diseases such as tumor and asthma. Although various biological processes have been known for the ADAM family in different species including fertilization, neurogenesis, infection and inflammation, little is known about its detailed phylogenetic and molecular evolutionary history. In this study, the ADAMs of Xenopus (Silurana) tropicalis, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, and Homo sapiens were collected and analyzed by using the Bayesian analysis and gene synteny analysis to establish a comprehensive phylogenetic relationship and evolutionary drive of this gene family. It was found that there were more ADAMs in the two rodents than in the amphibian, suggesting an expansion of the ADAM gene family during the early evolution of mammals. All ADAMs from this expansion were retained in both the rodents, but other duplication events occurred subsequently in the two rodents, respectively, leading to the classification of rodent ADAMs as classes I, II and III. Moreover, these duplicated ADAM genes in the rodents were found to be driven by positive selection, which might be the major force to retain them in the genome. Importantly, it was also found that orthologs of ADAM3 and 5 have been lost in humans. These results not only provide valuable information of the evolution of ADAM genes, but may also help in understanding the role of ADAM genes in the pathobiology of relevant diseases.
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36
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Krutskikh A, Poliandri A, Cabrera-Sharp V, Dacheux JL, Poutanen M, Huhtaniemi I. Epididymal protein Rnase10 is required for post-testicular sperm maturation and male fertility. FASEB J 2012; 26:4198-209. [PMID: 22750516 PMCID: PMC3513842 DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-205211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eutherian spermatozoa are dependent on the environment of the proximal epididymis to complete their maturation; however, no specific epididymal factors that mediate this process have so far been identified. Here, we show that targeted disruption of the novel gene Rnase10 encoding a secreted proximal epididymal protein in the mouse results in a binding defect in spermatozoa and their inability to pass through the uterotubal junction in the female. The failure to gain the site of fertilization in the knockout spermatozoa is associated with a gradual loss of ADAM3 and ADAM6 proteins during epididymal transit. In the distal epididymis, these spermatozoa appear to lack calcium-dependent associations with the immobilizing glutinous extracellular material and are released as single, vigorously motile cells that display no tendency for head-to-head agglutination and lack affinity to the oviductal epithelium. In sperm-egg binding assay, they are unable to establish a tenacious association with the zona pellucida, yet they are capable of fertilization. Furthermore, these sperm show accelerated capacitation resulting in an overall in vitro fertilizing ability superior to that of wild-type sperm. We conclude that the physiological role of sperm adhesiveness is in the mechanism of restricted sperm entry into the oviduct rather than in sperm-egg interaction.—Krutskikh, A., Poliandri, A., Cabrera-Sharp, V., Dacheux, J. L., Poutanen, M., Huhtaniemi, I. Epididymal protein Rnase10 is required for post-testicular sperm maturation and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Krutskikh
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Rd., London, W12 0NN, UK
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37
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Mori E, Fukuda H, Imajoh-Ohmi S, Mori T, Takasaki S. Purification of N-acetyllactosamine-binding activity from the porcine sperm membrane: possible involvement of an ADAM complex in the carbohydrate-binding activity of sperm. J Reprod Dev 2011; 58:117-25. [PMID: 22052010 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-108n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the importance of carbohydrate recognition by sperm during egg zona pellucida binding has been widely reported, the sperm molecular species that recognize the carbohydrates are poorly characterized. Our previous cytochemical study indicated that two kinds of carbohydrate-binding proteins are expressed on porcine sperm heads-one recognizes N-acetyllactosamine (Galβ1-4GlcNAc-), and the other recognizes the Lewis X structure (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3)GlcNAc-). For this report, we used proteomic techniques to characterize the sperm proteins that bind N-acetyllactosamine. Porcine sperm plasma membrane was solubilized with a detergent solution and subjected to sequential chromatography with dextran sulfate agarose, affinity, and hydroxyapatite, and the binding activities in the eluates were monitored by a solid-phase binding assay. The tryptic peptides of two proteins most likely associated with the binding activities were subjected to tandem mass spectrometry sequencing. A subsequent database search identified one of the two proteins as predicted disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 20-like (XP_003128672). The other protein was identified as disintegrin and metalloprotease domain-containing protein 5 (AB613817) by database searches for homologous amino acid sequences, cDNA cloning, nucleotide sequencing and nucleotide database searches. Furthermore, two-dimensional blue native/SDS-PAGE demonstrated that they formed a variety of non-covalent complexes. Therefore, these ADAM complexes probably are responsible for the N-acetyllactosamine-binding activity. An affinity-purified fraction containing these ADAM complexes showed zona pellucida-binding activity, though the activity was relatively weak, and the presence of another zona pellucida-binding protein that probably works in concert with these ADAM complexes was suggested. Immunofluorescence testing suggested that ADAM20-like was localized on the anterior part of the sperm plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Mori
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
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38
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Abstract
A crucial step of fertilization is the sperm-egg interaction that allows the two gametes to fuse and create the zygote. In the mouse, CD9 on the egg and IZUMO1 on the sperm stand out as critical players, as Cd9(-/-) and Izumo1(-/-) mice are healthy but infertile or severely subfertile due to defective sperm-egg interaction. Moreover, work on several nonmammalian organisms has identified some of the most intriguing candidates implicated in sperm-egg interaction. Understanding of gamete membrane interactions is advancing through characterization of in vivo and in vitro fertilization phenotypes, including insights from less robust phenotypes that highlight potential supporting (albeit not absolutely essential) players. An emerging theme is that there are varied roles for gamete molecules that participate in sperm-egg interactions. Such roles include not only functioning as fusogens, or as adhesion molecules for the opposite gamete, but also functioning through interactions in cis with other proteins to regulate membrane order and functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice P Evans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
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Moreno RD, Urriola-Muñoz P, Lagos-Cabré R. The emerging role of matrix metalloproteases of the ADAM family in male germ cell apoptosis. SPERMATOGENESIS 2011; 1:195-208. [PMID: 22319668 DOI: 10.4161/spmg.1.3.17894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2011] [Revised: 08/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Constitutive germ cell apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis is a key process for controlling sperm output and to eliminate damaged or unwanted cells. An increase or decrease in the apoptosis rate has deleterious consequences and leads to low sperm production. Apoptosis in spermatogenesis has been widely studied, but the mechanism by which it is induced under physiological or pathological conditions has not been clarified. We have recently identified the metalloprotease ADAM17 (TACE) as a putative physiological inducer of germ cell apoptosis. The mechanisms involved in regulating the shedding of the ADAM17 extracellular domain are still far from being understood, although they are important in order to understand cell-cell communications. Here, we review the available data regarding apoptosis during mammalian spermatogenesis and the localization of ADAM proteins in the male reproductive tract. We propose an integrative working model where ADAM17, p38 MAPK, protein kinase C (PKC) and the tyrosine kinase c-Abl participate in the physiological signalling cascade inducing apoptosis in germ cells. In our model, we also propose a role for the Sertoli cell in regulating the Fas/FasL system in order to induce the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis in germ cells. This working model could be applied to further understand constitutive apoptosis in spermatogenesis and in pathological conditions (e.g., varicocele) or following environmental toxicants exposure (e.g., genotoxicity or xenoestrogens).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo D Moreno
- Departamento de Fisiología; Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Santiago, Chile
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40
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Fàbrega A, Guyonnet B, Dacheux JL, Gatti JL, Puigmulé M, Bonet S, Pinart E. Expression, immunolocalization and processing of fertilins ADAM-1 and ADAM-2 in the boar (Sus domesticus) spermatozoa during epididymal maturation. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2011; 9:96. [PMID: 21718510 PMCID: PMC3141649 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-9-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fertilin alpha (ADAM-1) and beta (ADAM-2) are integral membrane proteins of the ADAM family that form a fertilin complex involved in key steps of the sperm-oocyte membrane interaction. In the present work, we analyzed the presence of ADAM-1 and ADAM-2 mRNAs, the spermatozoa proteins' processing and their sub-cellular localization in epididymal samples from adult boars. ADAM-1 and ADAM-2 mRNAs were highly produced in the testis, but also in the vas efferens and the epididymis. On immunoblots of sperm extracts, ADAM-1 subunit appeared as a main reactive band of ~50-55 kDa corresponding to occurrence of different isoforms throughout the epididymal duct, especially in the corpus region where isoforms ranged from acidic to basic pI. In contrast, ADAM-2 was detected as several bands of ~90 kDa, ~75 kDa, ~50-55 kDa and ~40 kDa. The intensity of high molecular mass bands decreased progressively in the distal corpus where lower bands were also transiently observed, and only the ~40 kDa was observed in the cauda. The presence of bands of different molecular weights likely results from a proteolytic processing occurring mainly in the testis for ADAM-1, and also throughout the caput epididymis for ADAM-2. Immunolocalization showed that fertilin migrates from the acrosomal region to the acrosomal ridge during the sperm transit from the distal corpus to the proximal cauda. This migration is accompanied by an important change in the extractability of a part of ADAM-1 from the sperm membrane. This suggests that the fertilin surface migration may be triggered by the biochemical changes induced by the epididymal post-translational processing of both ADAM1 and ADAM-2. Different patterns of fertilin immunolocalization then define several populations of spermatozoa in the cauda epididymis. Characterization of such fertilin complex maturation patterns is an important step to develop fertility markers based on epididymal maturation of surface membrane proteins in domestic mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Fàbrega
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Benoît Guyonnet
- Gamètes Males et Fertilité, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Jean-Louis Dacheux
- Gamètes Males et Fertilité, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Jean-Luc Gatti
- Gamètes Males et Fertilité, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, UMR 6175 INRA-CNRS-Université de Tours, 37380 Nouzilly, France
- ESIM, UMR 1301 IBSV INRA-CNRS-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 400 route des Chappes, 06903 Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Marta Puigmulé
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Sergi Bonet
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain
| | - Elisabeth Pinart
- Biotechnology of Animal and Human Reproduction (TechnoSperm), Department of Biology, Institute of Food and Agricultural Technology, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, s/n, 17071 Girona, Spain
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41
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Liu F, Jin S, Li N, Liu X, Wang H, Li J. Comparative and functional analysis of testis-specific genes. Biol Pharm Bull 2011; 34:28-35. [PMID: 21212513 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.34.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The testis is the special male gonad responsible for spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis with complex gene expressions. Characterizing and comparing the testis-specific genes in different species can reveal key genes related to testis specific functions and provide supplementary information for study of human testis function. We screened testis-specific genes from Unigene libraries, total 317, 449 and 147 testis-specific genes were identified for human, mouse and rat, respectively. Ten from thirteen selected human testis-specific genes were validated exclusively expressed in the testis by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Systematic bioinformatics analysis showed that specific genes were mainly related to spermatogenesis and testis development process with significant Glycolysis and Pyruvate metabolism. Enrichment functions were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- FuJun Liu
- Shandong Research Centre for Stem Cell Engineering, Yu-Huang-Ding Hospital and Yan-Tai University, Yantai, Shandong Province 264000, PR China
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Han C, Park I, Lee B, Jin S, Choi H, Kwon JT, Kwon YI, Kim DH, Park ZY, Cho C. Identification of heat shock protein 5, calnexin and integral membrane protein 2B as Adam7-interacting membrane proteins in mouse sperm. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:1186-95. [PMID: 20945367 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, sperm acquire their motility and ability to fertilize eggs in the epididymis. This maturation process involves the acquisition of particular proteins from the epididymis. One such secretory protein specifically expressed in the epididymis is Adam7 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 7). Previous studies have shown that Adam7 that resides in an intracellular compartment of epididymal cells is transferred to sperm membranes, where its levels are dependent on the expression of Adam2 and Adam3, which have critical roles in fertilization. Here, using a proteomics approach based on mass spectrometry, we identified proteins that interact with Adam7 in sperm membranes. This analysis revealed that Adam7 forms complexes with calnexin (Canx), heat shock protein 5 (Hspa5), and integral membrane protein 2B (Itm2b). Canx and Hspa5 are molecular chaperones, and Itm2b is a type II integral membrane protein implicated in neurodegeneration. The interaction of Adam7 with these proteins was confirmed by immunoprecipitation-Western blot analysis. We found that Adam7 and Itm2b are located in detergent-resistant regions known to be highly correlated with membrane lipid rafts. We further found that the association of Adam7 with Itm2b is remarkably promoted during sperm capacitation owing to a conformational change of Adam7 that occurs in concert with the capacitation process. Thus, our results suggest that Adam7 functions in fertilization through the formation of a chaperone complex and enhanced association with Itm2b during capacitation in sperm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil Han
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Korea
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43
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Marcello MR, Jia W, Leary JA, Moore KL, Evans JP. Lack of tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase-2 activity results in altered sperm-egg interactions and loss of ADAM3 and ADAM6 in epididymal sperm. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:13060-70. [PMID: 21339297 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.175463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine O-sulfation is a post-translational modification catalyzed by two tyrosylprotein sulfotransferases (TPST-1 and TPST-2) in the trans-Golgi network. Tpst2-deficient mice have male infertility, sperm motility defects, and possible abnormalities in sperm-egg membrane interactions. Studies here show that compared with wild-type sperm, fewer Tpst2-null sperm bind to the egg membrane, but more of these bound sperm progress to membrane fusion. Similar outcomes were observed with wild-type sperm treated with the anti-sulfotyrosine antibody PSG2. The increased extent of sperm-egg fusion is not due to a failure of Tpst2-null sperm to trigger establishment of the egg membrane block to polyspermy. Anti-sulfotyrosine staining of sperm showed localization similar to that of IZUMO1, a sperm protein that is essential for gamete fusion, but we detected little to no tyrosine sulfation of IZUMO1 and found that IZUMO1 expression and localization were normal in Tpst2-null sperm. Turning to a discovery-driven approach, we used mass spectrometry to characterize sperm proteins that associated with PSG2. This identified ADAM6, a member of the A disintegrin and A metalloprotease (ADAM) family; members of this protein family are associated with multiple sperm functions. Subsequent studies revealed that Tpst2-null sperm lack ADAM6 and ADAM3. Loss of ADAM3 is strongly associated with male infertility and is observed in knockouts of male germ line-specific endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperones, raising the possibility that TPST-2 may function in quality control in the secretory pathway. These data suggest that TPST-2-mediated tyrosine O-sulfation participates in regulating the sperm surface proteome or membrane order, ultimately affecting male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Marcello
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA
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44
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Gadella BM, Evans JP. Membrane Fusions During Mammalian Fertilization. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 713:65-80. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0763-4_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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45
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Desiderio UV, Zhu X, Evans JP. ADAM2 interactions with mouse eggs and cell lines expressing α4/α9 (ITGA4/ITGA9) integrins: implications for integrin-based adhesion and fertilization. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13744. [PMID: 21060781 PMCID: PMC2966413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Integrins are heterodimeric cell adhesion molecules, with 18 α (ITGA) and eight β (ITGB) subunits forming 24 heterodimers classified into five families. Certain integrins, especially the α(4)/α(9) (ITGA4/ITGA9) family, interact with members of the ADAM (a disintegrin and metalloprotease) family. ADAM2 is among the better characterized and also of interest because of its role in sperm function. Having shown that ITGA9 on mouse eggs participates in mouse sperm-egg interactions, we sought to characterize ITGA4/ITGA9-ADAM2 interactions. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS An anti-β(1)/ITGB1 function-blocking antibody that reduces sperm-egg binding significantly inhibited ADAM2 binding to mouse eggs. Analysis of integrin subunit expression indicates that mouse eggs could express at least ten different integrins, five in the RGD-binding family, two in the laminin-binding family, two in the collagen-binding family, and ITGA9-ITGB1. Adhesion assays to characterize ADAM2 interactions with ITGA4/ITGA9 family members produced the surprising result that RPMI 8866 cell adhesion to ADAM2 was inhibited by an anti-ITGA9 antibody, noteworthy because ITGA9 has only been reported to dimerize with ITGB1, and RPMI 8866 cells lack detectable ITGB1. Antibody and siRNA studies demonstrate that ITGB7 is the β subunit contributing to RPMI 8866 adhesion to ADAM2. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE These data indicate that a novel integrin α-β combination, ITGA9-ITGB7 (α(9)β(7)), in RPMI 8866 cells functions as a binding partner for ADAM2. ITGA9 had previously only been reported to dimerize with ITGB1. Although ITGA9-ITGB7 is unlikely to be a widely expressed integrin and appears to be the result of "compensatory dimerization" occurring in the context of little/no ITGB1 expression, the data indicate that ITGA9-ITGB7 functions as an ADAM binding partner in certain cellular contexts, with implications for mammalian fertilization and integrin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulyana V. Desiderio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Xiaoling Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Janice P. Evans
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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46
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Finn S, Civetta A. Sexual selection and the molecular evolution of ADAM proteins. J Mol Evol 2010; 71:231-40. [PMID: 20730583 DOI: 10.1007/s00239-010-9382-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rapid evolution has been identified for many reproductive genes and recent studies have combined phylogenetic tests and information on species mating systems to test sexual selection. Here we examined the molecular evolution of the ADAM gene family, a diverse group of 35 proteins capable of adhesion to and cleavage of other proteins, using sequence data from 25 mammalian genes. Out of the 25 genes analyzed, all those expressed in male reproductive tissue showed evidence of positive selection. Positively selected amino acids within the protein adhesion domain were only found in sperm surface ADAM proteins (ADAMs 1, 2, 3, 4, and 32) suggesting selection driven by male x female interactions. We tested heterogeneity in rates of evolution of the adhesion domain of ADAM proteins by using sequence data from Hominidae and macaques. The use of the branch and branch-site models (PAML) showed evidence of higher d (N)/d (S) and/or positive selection linked to branches experiencing high postmating selective pressures (chimpanzee and macaque) for Adams 2, 18, and 23. Moreover, we found consistent higher proportion of nonsynonymous relative to synonymous and noncoding sequence substitutions in chimpanzee and/or macaque only for Adams 2, 18, and 23. Our results suggest that lineage-specific sexual selection bouts might have driven the evolution of the adhesion sperm protein surface domains of ADAMs 2 and 18 in primates. Adams 2 and 18 are localized in chromosome 8 of primates and adjacent to each other, so their evolution might have also been influenced by their common genome localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Finn
- Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Ave., Winnipeg, MB, R3B 2E9, Canada
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Han C, Kwon JT, Park I, Lee B, Jin S, Choi H, Cho C. Impaired sperm aggregation in Adam2 and Adam3 null mice. Fertil Steril 2010; 93:2754-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 02/26/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Marcello MR, Evans JP. Multivariate analysis of male reproductive function in Inpp5b-/- mice reveals heterogeneity in defects in fertility, sperm-egg membrane interaction and proteolytic cleavage of sperm ADAMs. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 16:492-505. [PMID: 20403911 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaq029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Past work indicated that sperm from mice deficient in the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase Inpp5b have reduced ability to fertilize eggs in vitro and reduced epididymal proteolytic processing of the sperm protein A Disintegrin and A Metalloprotease 2 (ADAM2). On the basis of these data, our central working hypothesis was that reduced ADAM cleavage would correlate with reduced sperm-egg binding and fusion and in turn with reduced male fertility in Inpp5b(-/-) mice. Multiple endpoints of reproductive functions [mating trials, in vitro fertilization (IVF) assays and ADAM2 and ADAM3 cleavage] were investigated on a male-by-male basis, with pair-wise correlation analysis used to assess the relationships between these various parameters. Motile sperm from Inpp5b(-/-) mice showed significantly reduced fertilization of zona pellucida-free eggs due to reduced binding to the egg plasma membrane and subsequent fusion. Localization of a mouse sperm protein required for gamete fusion, IZUMO1, appears normal in Inpp5b-null sperm. To our surprise and differing from previous reports, we found that ADAM cleavage was only modestly impaired in numerous Inpp5b-null males and varied between individual animals. Performance in mating trials also differed from past reports. The pair-wise correlation analysis revealed that ADAM2 and ADAM3 cleavage was positively correlated, suggesting that processing of these proteins occurs by related/identical mechanisms, but otherwise, there were few correlations between the reproductive endpoints examined here. Nevertheless, this work provides detailed analysis of the Inpp5b(-/-) phenotype and also a blueprint for multivariate analysis to examine relationships between molecular characteristics and in vitro and in vivo physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Marcello
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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49
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Expression analysis of the Adam21 gene in mouse testis. Gene Expr Patterns 2010; 10:152-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2010.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 01/19/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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50
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Dorus S, Wasbrough ER, Busby J, Wilkin EC, Karr TL. Sperm proteomics reveals intensified selection on mouse sperm membrane and acrosome genes. Mol Biol Evol 2010; 27:1235-46. [PMID: 20080865 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msq007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatozoa are a focal point for the impact of sexual selection due to sperm competition and sperm-female interactions in a wide range of sexually reproducing organisms. In-depth molecular investigation of the ramifications of these selective regimes has been limited due to a lack of information concerning the molecular composition of sperm. In this study, we utilize three previously published proteomic data sets in conjunction with our whole mouse sperm proteomic analysis to delineate cellular regions of sperm most impacted by positive selection. Interspecific analysis reveals robust evolutionary acceleration of sperm cell membrane genes (which include genes encoding acrosomal and sperm cell surface proteins) relative to other sperm genes, and evidence for positive selection in approximately 22% of sperm cell membrane components was obtained using maximum likelihood models. The selective forces driving the accelerated evolution of these membrane proteins may occur at a number of locations during sperm development, maturation, and transit through the female reproductive tract where the sperm cell membrane and eventually the acrosome are exposed to the extracellular milieu and available for direct cell-cell interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Dorus
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
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